periyar evr_தந்தை பெரியார்_critisism on ramayanam in tamil_1

8/14/2019 Periyar EVR_ _Critisism on Ramayanam in Tamil_1

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TV : CWUVQe hL

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T[PeL

G TeL

1. CWU AYRW CWYQ]e LYRL

2. CWUVQ LX T 8

3. LPT Y[jL[ R]yz 10

CXjL , 5,000 B|L[ Bf\]!

4. L VefVR RNWR VL! 13

5. RNWReh Sh U]L AYL 15

sX] R

6. CWU YV T WyP 17

7. qR T^R] 19

8. CWYQP qR NXT 22

9. qR R] T CWYQP L 26

iR

10. qR CWYQP NUR N\! 28

11. CWU p] ! 32

12. CWU YVR Te LNX eh 36 W!

13. qR YV TV Wy|! 38

14. CXyrUQ] RYO] V 41

Vz Rf\!

15. LPLeh TNW NYNRWQ! 43

16. CWUVQ BVe LXNWRo peh 44

CXefV!

17. CWYQ LXTyP \h CWU 46

NRLTyP, BWTyP!

18. CWU qRV NW T]Y[LY 50

U yP!

19. qR BWUP J A[eh RWUL 52

R] LRY\ Je Lf\!

20. CTzTyP CR CWUVQ J y|e 54

LR!

21. Le LVPL[Y] 56

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3/30

CWUVQ SPR LRVX!

CWUVQ SPR LR AX GT R. ARhoNW CX. A Aeh TR U]RLYBWopeh TRU]RLY CX. RY, ArW

Gf\ , \ CeL zV. CR ehGR UV] EY, AjL, UoN APV[ fPV.CYL[ CPh GRRU] [eL fPV.XL G, U XL G hyzTRhL[ NWjL CP CX. XLh, UXLh [eL CX. TehYWeh Y CX!

CWUVQ SPR XL G\, RYL,

L, XL Gjh CRL?

RYXL G\, AjfR XLh GTzYRL? H YRL?

G]Y, CT RY G ieLTT]LR AeLX RYL, L, YLGf\ TVL[ YR]. S WP UeL[R

WyNRL, AWeLL G TVy| AZef\].

BVLeh, WPLeh SPR TW CRTzpRTR CWUVQ!

1. CWUVQ GR J NW NTRU]R SPRSPL[e LPR B] LRVX GTR|, TLT]o pW Bh.

2. A Ly|Wze LXV EQopV AeLXBV TT| TZeL YZeL RV AYL[ A\VLXNWR AzTPVLe LP LT]CXefVUh.

3. A J\X; TX CWUVQjL G TVW SyzYZjfYf\].

4. AY JYW HTyPY AX.

5. JW LX EPeLTyP] AX

6. LY A\.

7. eh HW[U] WT|L E[].

8. eh TRU\ LT]L TX

9. UR Th H\RX

10. RL GTRh H\RX

11. UR RU JeL LQ zYX.

12. EUV] W LQ zYX

13. R \ R RUU EUV] UR TXURL TXU AeL\ R RV BR TpTXU BRU CRRL RV zVX. GXTRU\ LT]L[.

14. A LQT| BL EUV CRYL[L CeLzV.

15. L RVYL, CR UeL G NXzVRRh.

16. CWUVQ NWho NTRTyP RXR GTUWUXU, Aeh, BWopeh NTRTPRR

Bh.

17. RYL, WyNRL G\ ]eh [eL CX

18. A LP[Le LQT|TYL JYP(SPR, Top, GQ) LP RY GTRop LQzYX.

19. UN N|Y, U AY CWUVQGXP LQT|f\.

5 6


4/30

20. RYL RU G]? WyNRL RU G]? URLRU G]? LjL, TypL RU G]? GT]CWUVQ YWVeLTPX.

21. CYL[ YVL YWVeLTPX; YVeh

BRW CX GTR| WT| LPUh.

22. CWUVQ Y TWjLeh J NUV CehNe, RU U\ NUV LQT|YX.

23. CWUVQe LX GT EUV TeLYXTPU, L|zeL zVU Cef\.

24. YRjLeh \hR WQjL EPf CeLY|. WQjL R CWUVQ, TWR, LPL,AYRWjL LQT|f\]Y JV, YR CX.

25. YR J NRWQ, \RW, SXRW RY

26. pY, U YR CX. W RLQT|f\.

1. CWU AYRW

CWYQ]e LYRL!

(p.B. qYNVjL UTV)

RYL P, CWYQ G\ P WdN XLjL[ ETWYT|f\..... RYNeL[] CWYQ, CW, LRYL, XYQRVYL[o NaTRLL RVN AYReLY| G\].

(TXLP 15 BY NeL; 50BY TeL)

RYLP, S RNWReh W]XL \, RYRY Ua LQjL[,ETWeh P]] WYQ] W, W, T, TYWNVjLP R Na, T]WW YcjL

YW WV TX] N Ypef\ G\.(UTz LP, NeL; 51 BY TeL)

RYL[ T, WYQ]e LYRhETV G]? G ^ TR| AYRW NV Y|U?

AX Y YP? NjL G\

(UTz LP, 16 BY NeL 52 BY TeL)

RYL P RjL Uc NW G|

AYP R N LjL

G\L.

(UTz LP, NeL, TeL RV])

(CR cV SPN NV UTVLQT|Y])

RYL P, WYQVW NjLeL

UVYRW NV Y| G\]

(TXLP 15 BY NeL; 64 BY TeL)7 8


5/30

2. CWUVQe LX T!

CWUVQ SPR LX CWUVQTz WRL, YTW L CWzh \V 12,96,000; 8,64,000B|L. UR 21,60,000 B|L. BLY CT

SPeh LLR ef CWUVQ SP 21,60,000 B|LBf\] G L[X. R \R C\eh 2550B|L R Bf\]. CR 2500 B|eh CRRW T WRL (21,00,000 B|Leh ) SPRCWUVQ LQT|Y] T BRWjLP gZRWT|f\]:

(p.B.qYNVjL UTV)

1. CWU] TeL YR TWRP WU Lyh TTR NYL RV SL WUQLP

TZLUef\V? WQjL[ RU NWjL[TVLPV NWRV TWTWTz AR NVULYX ReLR WVf AY CL, TWTV]\Y G YTYL AYL G]e hy|[.

(AV LP 100BY NeL 374 BY TeL)

2. WU ^T G\ WfR P iT,

P TR J\; TReh, SLeh

TRX G N]RLe hPTy|[.

(UTz LP, 106 BY NeL; 412 BY TeL)

3. qRV Rzo N\ AU CXjL qR CRY]ho N WLT R BXV T LyPTyPJ ETLVe LP.

(rRWLP 15BY NeL; 69 BY TeL)

4. YP CWU iT, Y J TRNVp E] T LzV TYRo N ARLL

URR NeLWYV Lz] RP] eLTyP;

G N]RLe heLTy|[.

(ffR LP 18 BY NeL 69 BY TeL)

RYLP, EjLPV (RYLPV)SUeLL CWYQ] AYPV [L, TWUL,U\ RVL, TeL, pSfRL RX] GXW

S ()YR Nf\ G\.

(UTz LP NeL TeL RV])

RYL[ GR CRe LV S

() WYpR YL[ Cpef\ TVfV AR

CWYQ]e LXX G EjLeh XT|f\?G LyP.

ARh RYL, AY] YR NVY| G\URWL AYRW NYR TR G GjLeh

Rf\ G N]L

(TXLP 16 BY NeL ; 66 BY TeL)

9 10


6/30

YT L TZV LXR SPRRL RYR RZ J ThVW R]yz AeLzV RVCPjLeho N\] G LRX TRP.BV YPUh YVL CVh hjLXTpR RV CPjL, YPUh CV

R NT] UL YZjf] GT AO WT GTYL Bh.

rU f.. YW B|Leh LR JT Y[ ]V CXjLV] R SyzTyPRT.

LXtN\ BpV LLV RV

hUVeh, T@Veh CP[ TY[SP TZR SPh. C TVR BPe h\VR, CRh AXjLU TVW AXjL XjLV,AXjL U BPe h\V Jeh, CXTc CXjLeh P WT G TV. PyWTGT RWTW GTR pR. LP LehyTPCXjLeh CT RTz Syz K| RWTW ToNRUV A TV YR G AY

CVV AVU hPTy|[, BWopV[eh, RSyPYeh TUVe L|TR\h.

Ly GVy GTY iV ARY LP Y[H\eh\V 9,500 B|Leh ]V LRRh.AjM]U, VYW Je L[TyP oNjLjLRNjL CeLP Y[eh hU ]eh

RfR Syz YTyPRh. Co NjLR VU] Lop]Y R L|jL U]YWGTRT U] BY.

BWop EU CY CeL 21 XyN(21,00,000) B|Leh CXjL , AV S|CRRLe i CWUVQe LR GY[ TV TeLRVh GTR p TjL.

5. CWUeh RNWR TyPcL NV SLW AXjLehT YR UL T\ RYXVjL, SNUPTjL, L, R BXVjL, UrYULyPTyzeh SL UPTjL..... RV CPjLLz [ Y^jL, Lz XR Y^jL

G|e LyPTyP] G]e heLTy|[.

(AV LP 6BY NeL 23,24 BY TeLjL)

21 CXyN B|Leh SPRRLo NXT|CWUVQe LR 2500 B|eh C YR RWTif\ NVe L| BWR CWUVQe LR 2500B|Leh[LY GRTyzeL Y|. AR]

CWUVQe LX (WR L) GT TVVh.

3. LPT Y[jL[ R]yz CCXjL 5000 B|L[ Bf\]!

CYW CXL HTyP LPT Y[jLLXjL Ly GVy GTY h[ Tz TeLT]W \|Leh (10,00,000 B|Leh) ]

S[ LPT Y[U RUV]R,CWPY Y[ G\W (8,00,000) B|Leh SeLei| G, \Y Y[ C\W (2,00,000) B|Leh ]; SLY Y[GT]W (80,000) B|Leh ], ARYY[ JT]W A (9,500) B|Leho p eLXU AVe fPef\].

CT Y[jL LWQUL TX XTWLTWT, TWL XTWT U]YTRh TV BRWjL E|. hU ]eh RfRTX S|L U\R]Y AVe fPef\].

CY GeL, Aefp, P]|, TLN, rYrRV R]yz RUV TeiLL[, X , R RVYNL[, R]yzh, UX BpVh LT

11 12


7/30

4. L VefVR RNWR VL!

(p.B.qYNVjL U TV)

VL YLWUL zV VpjLWe LyzAZeLY|. ARh ETV G] Y\, RjLTYL[] YNVLeh YWjL, BTWQjLYhU]ULe L| AjL AYL GXRRAR V AZ YYL G\ rUW Nf\

(TX LP 10BY NeL 35BY TeL)p.B.qYNVjL U TV)

YNVL L| N AYW (V pjLW) CLR]L. V pjL UVjf AYL ] AjLRNeho N\.

UTz LP, UTz NeL, UTzVPV UTV)

(RR RpLoNV U TV)

SX T, TY E[ LLV eLAXjLWR| AjL NXY|, N TX YLAYeh BNL AYWo rY] NVY|UN, AWNPV AjgLW] WfR RX]ReL YpUW AXjLWR| Ajh A]L.

LLV V pjLW BjL] N L|

NRcyz]. A TL[ V B\UyPUU] h\L| TVeLW T AjhjhR. US ULrRL[] AYL[e LP CPehAR RYp (V pjL) Y L, YpU AYrY] TyPR] AZo N\L.

(TXLP 10BY NeL, 36,37 BY TeL)

VL ASLL BTNjL

RNWR N VLNX, Xjh, T\Y FY], YY]UfV TreL[ TjL Lyz]L.

(TXLP 16BY NeL, 45BY TeL, RRRpLoNV U TV)

WR] TrYfV ArYW]R W^TVfV LNV,LLp, rUWP CPYX r Y, KWYX

AR]| iPY CR. \h, AY, aR, EeLR,U G\ efV ehL W^]X RyNQVLeL|eLTyP W^TL[e LL[ ze L|AYLeLL TQ TeL| AYL[ AWNeLL|yPL.

(UTz LP, 14BY NeL, 45BY TeL, RRRpLoNV U TV)

NTjL, TyL Tz LyPTyzR]., TrY Azeh eV AY URehW, BURV ^XNW ^eL, B| RV fWV TreLETVfeLTyP].

(UTz LP, UTz NeL, 46BY TeL,p.B.qYNVjL U TV)

LNV AR (hW) Yh UXL RjL FpL[ BR Sy| CPjL[e g]....!QR R|f\U G YTPVU, J WY AR NT CR.

(UTz LP, NeL, TeL, U TV)

\h WU, aR, AY, ELR G\ WR]ehL AWN] RyNQVLe L|eLTyP U,YYR, TXL, G\ W^TL LL[ze L|, AYLeh T A[Y\ WVRYjfe L| AYL[ AWNP L|RL.

(UTz LP, NeL, 47BY TeL UTzV U

TV)

13 14


8/30

5. RNWReh Sh U]LAYL sX] R!

(p.B.qYNVjL U TV)

RNWReh W NR]PLo NVT|AYUR VL (1) WaU, (2) aR, (3) AY (4)EeLR G\ WR] (Sh) ehL AWN]RyNQVLe L|eLTyP (1) U, (2) YYR, (3)TXL, (4) G\ (Sh) W^TL LL[z AZe L|T sXef, ARLL RNWRPA[Y\ WVR Yjfe L| AYL[ RNWRPL|yPL.

(TXLP, NeL 14, TeL 46,47)(SWpUoNV U TV)

RNWR N AYUR VL, RNWRUaWN(1)U, (2) , (3) YYR, (4) TXL, GR] Sh W^TL[ (1) WU, (2) EeLR, (3)aR, (4) AY G\ Sh ehLeh \VRyNQVLe L|R.

(TXLP, NeL 14, TeL 94,95)

h : CR RNWReh Sh W^TLCRL G, AYLPV TVL[ hy|ULP C UTVT[L Gf\]. A,ASh W^TLeh, ULP C BpVL[eL RL, AWNPV TyPcL T\YU G, AWN pXS A Lz ETeLTyPY (VXU y|PTyPY) G, AWNPV TL Teh YYRG, W^eh TW L|TY TXL G TVGTRLe if\].

U, UTVT[ SWpUoNV U\[eL RL, AWNeh Sh NL, Neh JU] R Sh T U]L E|. AYL dVN U]V U G, YpV N U]VYYR G, sW N U]V G

if\. U\ U]eh [eL PTyzef\.

CRTz RNWReh U]L CR] Ghy|y| UTz Sh U]L G,AYLeh [eL RWTyzef\. G]Y RNWReh

U]L[? AX Sh U]L[? G\ hZTGT zf\.

U, CR BW TehP, AWNehVU, YYR, , TXL CSYL RYL \V dV, YpV, sW NL[oNRYL G h|L, CYL \YU]VfV sW NVo NRY. RNWReh

U]L[fV LNX, rW, LL G\ U]L LL \YRL, CY sW NVoNRY[L CeL Y|. G]Y URUTz, sWN] Byp VY, AWNjL EVL L[YiP GTRTz sW NVfV LL WTWReh TyP syPeiP G\ AzTP VVTz TWReh ER] WVR WUeh TyPsy|YRL RNWR, AYPV UL, W^heL

RX]L, RWUL sop NeL Y| GfeL CP EPf\.

15 16


9/30

6. CWU YV T Wy|!

(AQjLWoNV UTV)

YW RPLV YR NYRh WU]

AZeL YRT RNWR, WUeh T] WVWTX. (CT TWPY WV SPef\)G] UzV Peh CY G] yzeLYXY]X. CYV [VzeLzeL

YzVY G TXRRLe hPTyzef\.

(TXLP 20 BY NeL; 48 BY TeL)

B] AT CWUeh UQ NTehY YRRLe i\T|L RNWRo NeLWY eLB]RUPRR| AYLeh (hUWLeh) UQNTRh ReL YV YWeL|L AYLPVUQR T WfRP, TeLP izBXpe LzeL, rYW UYAYWN]e LQeL AP YR] GhPTy|[.

(UTz LP 18 BY NeL; 43 BY TeL)(CR cVR T p.B.qYNVjL UTVLQT|Y)

RNWR WLeh YL NVYzVR TBXpe LzeL YW UL AjL

Y... (YW RNWRP) R W T

Reh pYV[Y]L CR ULsW G

iVRL E[.

(TXLP, NeLjL 18,19. TeLjL 59,82)

RNWR rYWP, CWUeh CT] YV VLXV ... TX, G AUe

hZR, R Tp CXRY

G iVRLehPTyzef\.

(TXLP, NeLjL 24. TeLjL 64,65)

CWU RV, CWUehe LVQ Bh TAYeh 17 YV Gf\. CWU! \ Ly|ehTh CYW 17 YVRf\. CR 17 BPL E]Te LP APYR Gf\.

17 18


10/30


11/30

N J V? SX, CWU CehP

Tf\!

qR : T YtNL W. CTzVY Tpe L|

C N SW G] Te LP CeLX

G Gf\V?

XyrUQ : (U]h) CRe LWU] Y] CY[

CTz A]RVL y| Tf\U G]L| AP y| AL\.

h : TWR Xyr AYRW GTYeh

AY LRLP AYRW

U\

CWU R CXyrUQ GTYeh SPREWVP XyNQ C! TWR R LR] TrTorL[ CYL?

AT LP T^ TL iP CTz TNTVT|YL[! ATzTyP TorL TWR TyzVNeLTyP qR YV Yf\]!

8. CWYQP qR NXT

qRVe LPP NVp YPR[CWYQ AYPV AjLjL[T y| y|RRV G|eiR:

(p.B qYNVjL U TV NeL 46 139140BY TeLjL E[YL)

CWYQ WUPV TV] qRV TeLP \. AZL] ER|L[, T YNL[,UXR NRUW T\ SWjL[, WQ NW]T\ LR EPV qR BoWU EyLeL

AY[ CWYQ LP.

qRVe L| UfR

qR NT Y AYPV RL LVERU XyNQjL[ T NLX XLjL CTzTyPV S TRRX. LUXN] eh~RV LUXRy| XL Yef\[!

V RV? WV?

Eef KPPTyP BWRy| U RjLRT\ RL LP UXR RUWL[ [jhKPV T YTyP AXjLeLTyzeh V?RV, AbWb, TefV RYRV, WV,CPTz NtNeh V?

E TL E LL

E TL H\RXU, [YL[L,YUVL AZh Tef\]! E LLNXUL R NYTP Lef\]!

E RPL, R]jL, Ry|L

E RPL V] eLL[ TCef\]! Ry|L NXU Tef\]. E21 22


12/30

R]jL EV T SjfyPy| T]TZjL[T AL U]LWUL RjL aWjL[ AXjLeLTyzef\]!

E XL NPL

U]Re LY pT T YNVSWjL[ NXR EPVY[!

YLU] WYa LWL[ ATT EXL NPL G U]R Aef\]Y!

E CP G Lz APjhf\R!

Lz APjh E CPV RUW yT Ueh Y|L[ T Ceh E RXUWL| UVjLRYL V?

CjL CeLR Y; GP \T|!

RY L[, LRY L[ VdL[, f] L[, UV L[

Tef\. CRU] E TR, XYVR,TVR,AjLjL UUV, TYRVpR CR LWU] WyNRL NtNeh LyzYpeL RhRY AX. BLV CjL CeLR G

i, Y GP\T| Gf\.

h : UX LP YQ] CWYQ qRAjLjL JY\ RRVL G|ei EYU

if\. AYPV RPL, LjLL, Ry|LCY V C] EYeh JR]YL Cef\]G i A[eh AYPV AR EL GXR[ RV CWYQeh RTyzeLR] Y|?G]Y CWYQ qRVe LP NUV qR RPVRPL, LjLL, Ry|L CYL RTzYQe LXP C AYL[e LeLY|. !

AY CR EL[e Lyz] GTRho

NRLX G i A[eh CWYQ] YQ]

TL TL R L[ zf\.

E XL NPL G U]R

Aef\]Y! G CWYQ i YNL EARU]? GTRe LtN BW TjL. L

EP R, BzeLXP oNe LyL YR JoNeLWP GRLL XL HRR NPLARY, RehehL NeLY|? AY LUUyP G]]U i Yef\, ATzTyPYP CY NLb NV YzV LWQ G]?BLY CY R]LY CWYQP HRR LU XLNeL Y|. ARe LX CWYQ qREL GXY\ LzeL Y|. AYL[

JY\L G|, A AL CTz CTz Cef\]Y G J EYU i CeLY|. CPyP] CWYQ?

E CP, G Lz APjh A[eh RCef\ G CP A[Y G|yP. CRTzCWYQ qRV Ry| yP, A CPVRL] z A[Y|eLeizV AR A[ehe LV

SPef\. CRh UX JY CeLVR GTzYTPVLe i\z! G]Y, UTVT[ KW[U\T[Le i CT CWYQeh qRehNTR HTy|yP GTR U]eL|CTzVL CWYQ qRV YR G izyP. S C iP EUV AVzVX G\ CRP [eLUL A\ SPRcVR ATX GTze i\z?

U, C CWYQeh, qReh SPRNTcQL[, JYeLY SP LPRR UU TTUf, CWYQP qRYXV, S EP Y|f\ G NCeL Y| G Rf\. AR] AYP R]LYT CeL Y| G Rf\!

(p.B. qYNVjL U TV, qRV CWYQYR UL| SPRYL)

23 24


13/30

qR AY] Tz ETN, p, Bb], AeV,TV RVYL[e L|, BLW pRUCef\R RR. rY! CR BN]EyLjL; CR ^XRe L| TRRe LjL;CR Y] fPeh TRRjL RjLeLLo pRU

Cef\]; rLU CPTz peLX G\.

(BWV LP, NeL 46, TeL 141)

9. qR R]T CWYQP LiR !

S X SLW AWN]] ^]L NeWY .

qR G G]eh TV. WU .... G TR

S fZ AX ; hU!

YaU] \h . . . . NLX TLjL[ATLzR. \h T\ YPY]YN LX AYeh (CWU) CTR YV;

G]eh T] YV.

(UTz LP, NeL 47, TeL 142)

TR Y|Y NSWeh

CR BoWU L TrRU]. BLV,CP N SW RjL C[T\X. GTRA qefW CR Y] fPeLe izV NLX

TRRjL[ G|eL| CjL YY. RjLPVTVW, hXR LWR YRYUo NXY|. JzV CR RPLWV NtNeh

LWQ G]? G LyP.

(UTz LP, UTz NeL TeL 145)

h : CR qR CWYQeh ETNR ArY EzA UVR Nf\. ERWQUL SU ]TT. J yz J h|T T RVL Cef\.yz E[ BPYL ANUV YV Nef\L.AT J oNeLW oN Ly| Yf\. oNP

YR AR TQ T LQ! eL! ERPV T! LjLV T! AR T! CR

T! G] AZh! Y GP G N], AR

T EP] G] NY?

Ajhe gZ fPeh PTR G|, R]zRYW BzV Az, ER AY; ioN25 26


15/30

zTT CP LV qR RXUW, YXLV RPL[ NzR|R(p.B.qYNVjL. U TV, BWV LP,NeL 49, TeL 151) U RPL[ ef zG| WR YR G 157 B TeL U,

qRV J LV zeL|, U\ LV^PY A\R G 165 B TeL LQT|f\.

CR CWYQ qRV Ry| G|RGTRh BRW E[. Ry| G|T]f, qRCWYQeh EPTyPY G\ TT|.

LWQ, CWYQ RU CPTPR TQ

R|Y]f, AY RX reh \f| GTRL JNT, EP T G| G U\ NTCef\]. CR NTjL J\f CWYQ]TeLU CehU] AY CPTyP GRTT|. CR TzV CWYQeh RXYzeLCX, EP T GV CX. BLY, qRCWYQP NYRh EPTyP G\ T.

U, qR CWYQP NL, AYPVUzU CY EyLeL AYPV L

LTR RUW UXWT CR. AYPV BPL

L\ AzeLTy| CWYQ U WP] (TeL 167)

G i\T|f\.

CXjLehe L| N\, R AR WYR (TeL 173) G i\T|f\.

qReh, WYQeh NTR HTyP

pWUL AUeLTyP RjL TzeLy|L

CWYQ qRP HT, AzT T NR

EP.

(TeL 155, NeL 55)

h : G]Y, CY Uz, ARWh N\P

yP]. A CY Uz HT AzTR T CRR. CY SP, ARYCWYQ GY[ NRcUL, JVWUL,B]RUL, LW SPP LXz G| YR],

ART qR JVW SPP, CY JYRU JY LV z AQe L| HCeLY|. ARe LXz NR AzTRT Cef\. A, C UXSPTRe LYT.

CWYQ] T qR, \h YYR TeLY. CT fPeh rLU TVR

]ef\V (TeL 171) G Lyf\. CR],CWYQ qRP rL ATyP! BWTR AYP rL ATeh SWCYRL[o qR CWYQP iY Sh R.

CRh CWYQ NUR] iL,qR! AefNypVL E LV zR LQY]e L|YARUU\ YyLT|f\V? S CYeh SRNTR RYLV HTyP. C L[ Je

L[TyP (TeL 177) G NUR] if\. qRYRT|YRLY, BWT|YRLY i\X.YyLT|f\[ T CXyP YyLT|YR TX GTRe Ly| Ah T!BWU, LTU LzT[f T CXG i\X.

G]Y, qRP CWYQ NR LU XLehAY EyTyzef\. B], TL CVLehQTz YyLTyzef\.

U BWVLP 55 BY NeL 678 BYTeL RR RpLoNV. U TV i\T

|YRY C SQ\L. CR] RUXTU

X. E]eh G]eh CT RY]X NeLSRU C RUUVhU. C@ L[

EheLTyP G i\T|f\.29 30


16/30

C SQ\L CR T G]Y\

CU GRLL YyLTP Y|? E]eh G]ehRYLV NeL SyP Gf\. ARY LVzyP. CU YyLTy| G] TX G\L CWYQ if\. G]Y CYeh NeL

SR GTR CRTz ET|RX.

U CWYQ iVRL AR U TVT[CRo NTYhe h RL CWYQWyzVW TXY RN]Lo N LTzQT NR Gf\. ARY TXYGTRe LYeL Y|. ARY CYeh NTRHTyP NTYR TXY C U CeL

Y| G\ L Yz] Gf\. BLY, UTVT[ BWop Tz qReh CWYQehNTR HTy|yP GT E.

(L]L qRV y| R CWU, qRV]e LUR U] Ef Trf\YL[,CXyrUQP iT, R qRP ATRCTR YyL [ehYR BWV LP

L|[YL[ G|e i])

C, ffR LP XyrUQP WUif\;

GP CTjL[ ATR!

AYP rfeL, HLRU YR CP

AY[e LY N\]! CTzTyPYP TLjL[ATTL TefVNL!

qRP rfTR T; WV RYX.

11. CWU p]!

(ffR LP NeL 1)

R Y! S qRP ATRRe L!

ARWjL W]] XyrUQ NTR

WLRT Uy| CV rY]U WXR.(TeL 2)

LU Yy|f\R

qRVy| Reh G] TX R

TyL LjL Neh YNR LX ALULYy|f\. (TeL 4)

CjLR CT ATR

] NUV qR BpWU Ceh TCR Ty NRRe Ly| BN hR G]AZ TXRU] CTjL[ ATR, BLV

AY[y| R \L C CY[ eLR Rf\.(TeL 5)

RhR SW LY N\]

S SLWehT CWYQ qRV G|TLU, HLRX TWU rLjL[ ATeL RhR CRe

Lyz YehT G| T]].(TeL 6)

AYP rfTY] TefVNCTzTyP AZfV RNjL LXjL V

SVfP CPTLjL[ ATTYL[ TefV

NL. (UTz TeL)

G] TR N rL L|T

G] TR EPh B]RR UXRLLP qR CTzV G]o N rLRe

L|T AXY? (TeL 7)31 32


17/30

TyL[ T G LUR Y[ef\

TyL NRcUy| [V|YRh J\J i|YR TR G]eh BNV Y[TRL

CTzo Nf\] G Gf\. (UTz TeL)

YNR VP YNTy||Y[?

^]f CehP YNRLX EP] AY

\eh YNTy| G]T eLT|Y[XY?AY[e L|T YehP J Y[YNR EPL. . . AYehP YNREP\ JeLP \L[ TVRTy|

TT|L AY G] rLR ATT? (UTz TeL)

B] AY GQjL GPR

qR U] WQ GQjL V

GPXV Y Cef\]. qRP NehT G]eh hR rLR B]RR L|R,

CR L\VXY? (UTz TeL)

qRP rL LPXV EYZ

AZh[ ^]fV AzeLz OTL N G]eh

AYP E[ BNV Y[ef\] CR TT SAzeh rLU] L\ qR GP AT

R JV S ZeL UyP.

(UTz TeL)

h : CR WU qR LU L|LRf\. A VP? RPV R XyrUQPif\. CY GTzVTz, GjLjL qRP NT|R] AR R RP if\. UR\ iP VWY CTze i\e Lyzef\U? ARPV RPU CR cVjL[e if\Y LP

AYRW GTRLe LQzVX. CR], TT]LLP[L VefVR, AYRWjL ASLL, TT]TZeL YZeLjL RV] [jhf\].

CWU J CP, S AV Ceh

T CWYQ qRVe LY NR AeL\CX. S rU CT. B] Cjh NV]CP ARY GT iz CT ATeL RhRV CXR CR CP, S qRP GT

rL ATeL BN LzR NUV Te LYL| TyP] G\ L eLT|f\. BLYCWYQ qRV AVXV efo NRCWU rU CT G Rf\! U CWULy|eh YR qRP NRLX N CTATeL Y| GTRLL YT G Rf\.

CTze LP AYRWR TT]L LtN

AXR \ p GYR, LPeh LPAYRW GTRh GR A[ TUVe L|TRLCef\RTRo pjL.

U CWU] T Yf iL, TXCPjL, WU BU A\ Tz GTR AGTR h|TzVLY Nf\. CRo qReiPCWU]e h|L CWU BUV\Y, V

XRY G (AVV LP 30 BY NeL)if\.

B], CWU qRV y| RP RqRP CTz ATR, ATz ATR GLU X R] TUVLe ie Lf\.CTzTyPYeh, LVQ Bf 12 YP Lyzh Y13 YP BL 25 YP qReh LTU ReLX,

B] qR TU RU A\Y G iYRhzVX, H],

qRV CWYQP y| YR J UR

LX qR Y\ T N BL (GTWRRUL)TyP. qR Y TRL CR H Y

TR Cef\ G LyP CWUeh qR,G Y

[ Cef\ G\. CWYQP y| YR

J UR LX, rU 4 UR LX EP] LTTGTz YR? Gjf YR? VW EPeLTyzeLY|?33 34


18/30

G]Y, A GTz CR qR TURUE[Y GTR CRX Af\. U, CYWLT EPeL YXU CXR WU Tz GT[jhf\. ATzTyPY LU LLPYTHRR iRf\ H? R] TV EUL

Y R|U G]\ NRL.

U, CTz AY R T R]AVUX R] A GTR J CPJeLf\.

BWVLP 64 BY NeL CWU if\,

G] VU\Y, LVXLRY G AYUef\LG \ R] Tz G if\L[ GYRf\.

CTz WU R] Tz G UeLEQyPL GTR R L| AR GTzU\eL Y| GTRLL BU[Y TRf\. G]Y CWU Tz GT AVX.

12. CWU YVR Te LNXeh W!

(p.B.qYNVjL U TV)

Lyzh \T| CWU] T ]LNV eLT|T, RYRL[ T CT

R YV[Y O]R RYU] G WUG if\.

(AV LP NeL 43, TeL 189)

h : CRTz CWU Ly|eh \T| T AYehYV CTR G hPT|f\. U LNV

Lyzh \T| WUP U\ TeL YRT|T geLPY YVRe h|f\.

\R T] YcjL[ GY[Y LPj

L[ TUP AT YR(UTz LP, NeL 20 TeL 92)

h : CR Tz CWU Lyzh \T| TAYeh YV 17 G Bf\. CYehe LVQ BfTW| B|L N\ R Lyzh ThTz Bf\. BLY Lyzh ThT T] YVG\ LVQ B]T YV ARL CeL Y|.CRTz CWUeh A YV LVQ NVTyP.GT Rf\. CR U RNWR ET|eh|L, rYW CWU] RPLV YR

NV AZeLY T, YWP RNWRCWU TX, hZR G h|f\. U ARNUV CWUeh T Reh YV Gf\. CR]WUeh AT h| YeLX G Rf\. UAQjLWoNV UTV 20BY NeL,YWP RNWR iT, CWU GUzVy| C\jL YXY AX C YV [VzeLzeL YzVY G hPT|f\.

CYL[VX BWP, CWUehe LVQBhT p TXL, ARY LNV h|YTAR YV[Y.

35 36


19/30

BLY CWUeh R ARY YV TLPCoNL EQop YRR CR X Rf\.C NV TPeizVR AX Aeh BWopehTRU]R G iYfX. CR BWop JXU CWUVQ T Wy|L \R eh

WQL GRTyPU] Ly|e LR GRTP Rf\.

13. qR YV TV Wy|!

(p.B.qYNVjL U TV)

UQ LX CWUeh YV 5 qReh

YV 25 TXeh RzehUeh UQ!

CYW Y[ CWUVQ BWop CWUehUQ LX YV 5 GTR BWop XR.

C qR YVRT BWY.

qR CWYQP R TUL[ TeiT, R fZVX, hU G\ E[e L S LVQUf TW| B|L L Lyzh

YT G]eh YV T] G iYRLBWVLP 47 BY NeL; 130 BY TeLLQT|f\.

CRTz qReh UQ LX R]eh YV 5

G hyP LtNjiP TRU\ G iCef\.

U, AY 5 YVXV UQTehY APeLY|. C Aeh H\RX. B] CYeh UQBh LX h\R 15 YV CeL Y|. CRqRV JeLf\.

qR AsV GTYP R YWX\eiT,

G]eh YL LX NRR T RWR]efR ATR]R CZ YYT, GRh LYX UyP. AY GXV\ LYXLP. S U\YL[ T, Y\eLRR GX R G]eh RhR LQY]GY[ pWUTy| Rz fPeLX.

(AVV LP NeL 118, TeL 432)37 38


20/30

h : CRTz qReh UQUh LX YRRe h^]L LYXTyzef\. H] CYeh VUUQUL]L AUYRh YWX. GjL fPG|YWTyPY. U\YL[ T R RLT ARTQL CehU] rXT LQY

fPT. CYPV R VW RLT VWGR] TW V LPL? G]Y VWX T\|eLTy| y|R]UL RW TPTy|o NeLY|. CT S AzeLz TLL TzTRX S LYR X Af\. ARYGjLjLV Top[j hZRL[e L[e LR] L[ceh T\| Veh RVU X |ehL, N TL Ty|y|T |f\L.

ATz VWX T\|eLTy|, RWXV fPRTyPY R qR GTR YfV qR YVXVNTz Yef\. CY \ CTzeL CY[VU UQeL YWX.

U qR, AR NeL 433 BY TeL

iT, Yh LXh \h CR WLY XU

Q YWP YRL. AT CWUeh

G] YL N L|R G if\.

Yh LXh \h G iYR CYUQTY AP h\R T B|L[Y UQULV peLU CeL Y|. UQTYAPT T] YVRY CeL Y|.G]Y WU] UQ N LT qRehYV CTR CeL Y|.

BLY, BWopTz 5 YV[ CWUehC iVTz 25 YV[ qReh UQ SPef\.

CRTz LVQ Bf T B|L LeLyzh CWUP Nf\; AT AYeh YV 38CeL Y|. B] AY Lyz CWYQPR] Te iT, CWYQ R]e fZ G

]|Y] G\ GQ , LWQ ANVpP RPV YVRe i\ RYX. AUy|UX R EUV] YVRe h\e i\YzVe

LWQ G]? R Ly|eh \T|T, R]eh YVT] G (BWV LP 47 BY NeL, 130 BYTeL) if\. CY CWYQP i TCYeh YV AT. GTzV LVQ BhT25 YV, 12 YP Le Lyzh \T|T 37YV,

\h Lyzh Y 13 B YP CWYQ Yf\.AT YV 50 G]Y, 50 YVe fZ, R]e hU

G LyzeL[ R] EUV] YV 20 YVRe

h\e if\.

U, qR fZ GTR ET|R XyrUQ

sT]LP qRV Te iL, qR h,

P, Y\yz]Y G p.B. qYNVjL U

TV BWV LP 18BY NeL 50BY TeLU AQjLoNV UTV UTz LPNeL, 404 BY TeL qR LW T[Y, RRCP[Y YV N\Y (fZ) G i, qRfZ GTR ET|f\.

39 40

e 7 e f


21/30

14. CXyrUQ] RYO] VVz Rf\!

(p.B. qYNVjL U TV)

VXRYL, pRWU[YL RV UTL, LVXLRYehR, GTZeh J Y, BUP L.

RYL GTR TXR YXX. VXRY (Tz) R RYR TY.

TX[YP ByP NX

Lyzh TL \T| CWUP, CXyrUQ

RV i, SyP PR G i T, RY

VefVRV, RXyPR YTPVLe if\.

(AVV LP, NeL 23: TeL 105, 106)

VXRYL, pRWU E[YL,

dVL gTyPYL UW YRYUL NeV\V AN ARhe Ly|T|YL....

V JYW YX zVR AReLVXLR TRRR UorY VVUX.

U]TXXRYLeh GT Zeh YG aT N Cef\ . BLV,

LVXLRYL[ V ANeL Y|.

c WVR]R (BUV) YX. AReLPPXU?

BLV, RjLeh(WUeh)pRWU RW

YX.

h : CTz CXyrUQ V TV RPY[jL[GX y|y| EP Rf\. C Uy| AX,RY, RY L GTR VefVRV R[RV

AR NeL, 107 BY TeL h|f\!

TVRYL, VXRY (Tz)LURYR TYL. WL U] E E[YLAR XypV NVUyPL. R TXR VYXeizVYP AR ByP LtNU TeL.

AYeh BL YzV LVR A L|eL. VeLyz c WVR] (BU) TX[ GTR

C WVyNUL J ERWQR TjL.

h : CTz XyrUQ RY CWUL|[ yPR]UL SeLV T[efeL| Tf\ A, UX RP

ieL| ThT, RYTe G]

T|T|f\ G NY y|eL| Tf\. TX, c WVR] TX C S\L [jh.AYLeh[ TRR, RWRVR GXRY AYL. V RjLPV (WUPV)AcLR R|R G RjL C TX ]jLGeLzefL. AR RY G TXR^eLTy| G] T|T|f\RTR GX

TL. UR zo NjfL[ AeL|UWYyzV hYR XypV NVU R CPTzK| V]V T RP CXU N RYR

G G\ TNR APef e L| Yf\.

h : CR CXyrUQ, RY L|[PSeLV [ef RYR V APehY.ARY, Ve L| BW TTYeh RY

G J CeL; RY GT RXyP GTRL if\.

CRe Lo NyPeLWL[fV SjL N]R GjL[ SLL, N CX G NTYLG if\L.

B], TT]L CWUVQXV CXehUQ], if\. CRh BL pLUL GTY

L, LP WNWeLWL U CWUVQ TeRLG] iYL? Peh R Lyz], AYG] NY? AR NjLR C.41 42


22/30

15. LPeh TNW NYNRWQ

CWUVQ Xe LP Y TNW NRY.AR] NT T UR]L (WU]L) \ef\.

CWUVQ Y XL (VpjL,YW, YpP RV) AVefV R]LRRYL[L, UPVL[, LU LW LPYL[L Cef\L.

CWUVQ Y AWN (RNWR) T BWU]VL[ EPVY]L, TTrTY]L, WL NTY]L, AVefVR]U sop,

RXyP RVYL LWU D|T|TY]LCef\.

S| TWReho NRUT WUeh R,sopVL TyP syP HT| NR RNWR RWehCWU EP Tyzef\. izVYW Vp LVTeL T] \hR Lyzh TLo NUehTR HTyP, R]Le Ly|eh TYRT

Tf\.

TWR G i\T| qR JYNL R ST T^iP NYRh TVT|AY[ JeL D]UL TNW L RRY[LCef\.

CY[Y LP CWUVQ LP LRV?

AX Ly| X?

16. CWUVQ BV LXNWRopReh CXefV!

BVL T NY L [YL!

GTzV:

AYL h| LXe LQeLX L, NL,XyN NL, Lz NL, G R h|YL.

AYL[ L, YL, RYL GTYLGX LPLeL NT L|eLeizVYL[LYCTL.

RpL iP TV RY pWPLeho NTL|TL.

BL[ TXLW NR TNL[ TWR

yz N|YL.

Az EVW[ hWjh, 1000 Az EVW R]

EVe Ly|.

10 AX 150 T| GP[ hWjhL XyN,T XyN, Lz, Lz T| GP[ UXL[ef p GRRL AR] TX XyN TL NRRLGYL.

CTzVL CY T\ HW[U] TL, ]

ry|L[ CWUVQ HW[ULe LQX.

CWYQP y| YR qRV TRPCWUeho NRL EPf\. H? qR CYWeLQY]y| NLR YzVY[L RTPX. AY AR BPL, BTWQjL,CWUeh BWR yzV.

qRVe LP; E G]eh TXGf\. S GjL TY Gf\ qR.

VP]Y GeL| LyPY T Gf\ WU.43 44

17C y C


23/30

E]ehR G cV RU! H CWYQP

y|YR? G qR CWUP YR|f\;

NV N qR C\jL Y| GTRL C

NUWNeh Yf\]. B] qR, LLVXY? R

ST TNVXY? T^Leh RVR ^XjL

RRY[XY? CWU] H|f\.

17.CWYQ LXTyP \h CWUNRLTyP, BWTyP!

R LP

(p.B.qYNVjL U TV)

qR BP BTWQjL[ WdN LVL[

AXjL sV] T Yeh TXef HARh Y SV W Ty|, WdN WLBRTL[ Sh \jL LYW W U ,

XyrUQL CehPh AZYWTyP.(NeL 14,TeL 483)

AT qRP YR cQ WYQPVfWL CY[ LX (qR) CRR T XLRLG] NYL[ G ] AY L YzV.

(UTz NeL, TeL 484)

(qR) cLeL YW YyLTy| YWR

LR U\e L| U[ U[ CWUPV

TeL Y BVW G NLR StNPTNzVU LL RW RWV TL

AR

h : CRX Qeh NRL HTyP. CWUGjL qRV HL UT], TUR LXCWYQPV CX CRRLL CWUNRLTy||Y] G NRLT|f\. A qRqo pjLe L|, BP BTWQjL[ AL|Yf\[. EUXV AY[ TRP]VE[ Ah LX WTeh. LQY]RYT CX. ATz CXR LWQR qRVTV EUL[ AyP CWU.

R LP

(p.B.qYNVjL U TV)CWYQP y|YWTyP qR, CWUehTeL Y \ RR i]. qRV Hy|TR CWU. AT:

45 46

ER WQ NW]T LTR AYPV


24/30

ER WQ NW]T LTR AYPV

(WUPV) L UPX pYR. L[jL U\NW]T A|R dQ LTR LWR

AP.(NeL 116, TeL 486)

(CY[ BW Uy| AX CWUeh. C]UX TLTL BW h Trf\)

TQ! G NeL[ ^R; AYLPV

W^RV GR; T R, K dV W R]ehSR AYU]R TeL, GRo NVY|U ARoNR. B], E] UTz APV CY[

pWUTyP G GQX. A Nh; GWVR]jL TXU]. CWYQ G]eho NRAYUVReLL AY] RzR; AYPV YN,AY G]eho NR AYUVR C JR]; GVR NLXXLjLeh RR; S NRWeOV \Y]; LYX\; SXRY[ NTXpR[ CWYQ E] ATLR

(NeL 117, TeL 486, 487)

h : WUeh qRVe LPP]V qRYPY[UX RyP. CY CWYQehEPTy|R CeL Y|. CY Yf\ SP,JVW, LT CYW LQY] RYT CXV G U] ], qR CWYQehEP TyzT GTR EQR JW YR

qRV \eL Trf\. E] APV Y|GTRLL S CWYQP R N y| YWX;dVeh[ WRe LR; CWYQ]TehT YjhYRL AY]e L TyPAYP R NR; E] yTRLX; Gif\. qR CRe LyPP G] Nf\?

WhW NXe Ly| Lyz L[ sZTyP

UhyzVT TVR WP LLP, qRLXLXY LR

(UTz NeL, TeL 487)

h : AV! WUeh SPV VefVR]jL,

^XjL YTy|, CWU EU EQ

LP] G LXP, TVR L yP[.

C] UX SPeh NTcQL[e gZ TT.

RV BWop qR CWU AfN\P, CWU qRVe Lz Trf\. CWU

EUV AyP] G qR A L

|f\ GTRe LP. U LYT.

CWU CRT, CY eL Yzef\;TNjheL, Heh ^XeL GTR RL|C] BWULe Lz Trf\. ARe L|

WUeh LT ALR. YjL[ S qRR]eL L CPTPU AY[e heL TNLX Y]WL, WyNRL Ly|e LzeL

L}WU] YRL[ AY[ R

(NeL 117 TeL 487)

h : G] i Tp]? AzeLz AY[

T, E]eLL R NR G ]eLR; GWRe LeLY Gf\. A Uy|U?

CWYQ yz CRR EU G]eho

NRL G YTPVLe if\.

JY R]eho NR AYU]R TehYRh

G] NV Y|U, ARVX h\YWoNzR...E] ATLR NP E]yP. G WL VR RU\ NWReLPR. B], CY[ E]eLLo NR GGQR. S L[jLU\ CYh YN \RY;LW\ g T\Y; G dV RUR \Y\YzV G]eho NR AYU]R TeL YzV,LPU,P]] CWYQPV yz YpRR E

SPRV To NRL HTyzef\.

(NeL 117 TeL 487)47 48

18 C q


25/30

h : CTze Lz Tp, CP y|P X.C] LTUL Tp, AYPV L TRLiP U] TeLU BWUPf\. G] B],LyzV P AXY? R U] \P N\;A R] R R XyrUQ] RWUL

Wy| CY CXR NUV T, HUy|CWYQP N\. ATzTyPY G] T YPTy| SPR CWU EUV A LP., AY qRVe Lz TrYRe LYT.

L YV Yf\Yeh T YoNGTz WRU, NfeL zVR, ETWehU ATzG]eh G T G]eho NfeL zVX; hR

ETWYR E| Tf\; G XR; E]G]eh BLYzV J CX.

(UTz NeL, TeL 488)

h : qRV CWYQ ef T] \h, CWU

qRV ] ] Ef]. qR G]eh, CTzATz CTjL|R[! G]e LP CT

Lyz AQe rL L|T[! G\X iVY,CT qRVe LPP G XR; E]

G]eh BL YzV J CX Gf\. U JCP CWU, S Lyzho qRP YR GTCYP CT ATeL Y| GTRL Gf\!

AV CR Ajh TXTL iyP] GCPTzVX AYP NXT NV zV

GTRL Cjhe Lyzh RR CPh YR

Gf\. ATzTyPY CT qRV KP KPWf\. E] BLYzV JX. ARY G]eh U] CX; EP CT ATeL G]ehT CX GTR YTPVLY i|f\.

18. CWU qRV NW T]Y[LYUyP!

LT ALR CWU qRV T(NeL 117;TeL 488 ) if\;

E CPU] CPh T !

CR T ehL RPXU (qR)

NtNeLX; S EW L| yP; CPU]

CPh TLX.

(NeL 117, TeL 488)

GY E SPRVo NfT!

ERUU] YN \, LW\ R^r V

T, c G TV Ye LzehGY]Y PPV fWL T URjL YWAYPV ALWh, Neeh Ly|Ty| YpR R

TVV UTz Ne LY]?

E] RyP, Uz YR BNV|!

WYQ E] Ry| Uz Ye L|

T]; BN T SWjL[ E] TR.

E] H\, TT q!q! G T!

L[jLU\ CYh hX \RY] TVYe L| E] CT Ne LP,

JY W q! q! G eLR?

E VX, GjLY T|!

G hXRUR, LWYR LT\ E]o

NP yP; Nc gVo NTR;

EP G[[ G]eh BN CX; CPU]CPh TLX

49 50

C BXp NR z! 19 qR BWUP J A[eh


26/30

C BXp NR z!

S LTR TRo NXX; C NRU

S|SW BXp NR z.

XyrUQ, TWR, NeL], reY, cQRVYLPV fWLjL GjL CPU AjL

YpeLzeLX.

H CWYQeh YNTy| yP

LW\ AZh[Y; TTYLPV U]R

ATLTY; CWYQ EU BN Y G|eL|

T]; NLXR AYPV YN CR.AYeh rY]TPU CeLzU? CTze LQ

L}WU] YRL[o N].

h : CTz CWU BW h Trf\. CWYQ

E] ATyP. S E]o NeL[

UyP. GeL| Ly| GjLY T| G LRG Hrf\.WU R] TV EUL[ GX

GTzV AyP] G qR EQ yP. AYG] NY? L RW RWVL TLe LyzURV]V eLTyP C[UWR T RR[.Y G] NV z? h\[Y U] Y\]XTP z?

19. qR BWUP J A[ehRWUL R] L RY\

JeLf\!

CRe LyP qR ALjLWP, BQYP,

LQYP Trf\U GTiP CXU, LQY]eLzWef\.

AT]T TpyP!

HR F T A\ NRWQ V T

TrY T Tp y{L[!

WeLZL E YRL!

rR W] TV Ye Lzeh RjLeh

C AZL?

h : CWU] CR qR L| LTR TpV

AT] T Tp]; Weh[ TorL[ TN

X

G] i CWU], AT, WXR LZG Trf\. TWR TyzV NeLTyPY LQY] Trf\ YRL CYL R]GTRo pjL.

C Uy|U? qR, CWYQeh NUR G

oNX| CWUP i|f\ GTR LQX.

CWU qRP NRLTy| AY[ He L[URP, qR CWU]e Lz Tp, AT UR]

T G] TpyPV G Tp U AY[

CWUP Y| S CWYQeh NURGf\.

G] CWYQ RyP|R GfL;

YRYU (TeL 490)

h : qRV CWYQ Ry| G|R GTRRqR CWYQeh oNV EP TyzeLY| GTRCWU oNef\. H] CWYQ CPTPR GR51 52

TQVY RyP G\ AY EP S 20 CTzTyP CR CWUVQ J


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periyar evr_தந்தை பெரியார்_critisism on ramayanam in tamil_1

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