pontnewydd inn

8/13/2019 Pontnewydd Inn

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DOCUMENT NO 231 January 2014

A.P.A.C. Ltd.

Archaeological Perspectives Analysis Consultancy

ARCHAEOLOGICAL

REPORT

Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran

Level I/II, BUILDING RECORDING SURVEY



A.P.A.C. Ltd Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. BS/PYD/14

Summary

APAC Ltd was contacted by the client in order to undertake a level I/II buildingrecording survey on a disused property prior to proposed development.

The building at the time of the survey had undergone some clearing after a periodof neglect and an internal fire.

The client was instructed to arrange for the building survey by Torfaen County Borough Council Planning.

APAC Ltd produced a project design for the work, which was approved and thesurvey was undertaken.

This document comprises the Level I/II building recording survey as required.

At the time of the survey, the building had been partially cleared of all internal fittings plus a large portion of the ground floor, flooring and all of the first floorceilings.

As a result, there was little to work with.

It is possible that the house was originally a two period build as the rear part hascompletely different dimensions that the front, however, it is equally possible thatthe rear was purpose built as a hall.




Contents

Summary .........................................................................................................................................1Contents...........................................................................................................................................2Appendix .........................................................................................................................................3Introduction .....................................................................................................................................4Location and description of the evaluation areas............................................................................4Brief archaeological and historical background..............................................................................4

Aims and Objectives .......................................................................................................................5Methodology ...................................................................................................................................5Data Presentation.............................................................................................................................5General external description of Pontnewydd Inn. ...........................................................................6External detail: ................................................................................................................................6General internal description ............................................................................................................7Internal detail: .................................................................................................................................8Phasing ..........................................................................................................................................10I i 10




Survey Plates 1-31

01 2nd view of front elevation without passing traffic 02 Detail of door canopy and moulded supports. Detaching from building

03 Detail of basement entrance, possible coach way with a three centred key-stoned arch. 04 Additional brick out house at basement level. 05 Rear elevation showing difference in width between rear extension and front building. Metal stairs and platform to left

possibly a fire escape. 06 West elevation, Northern extension has two entrances to the basement and an attached basement stairwell cover.

Additional covered veranda (fire escape). No windows to first f loor of west gable. 07 Detail of veranda and basement entrances to west elevation of northern extension. 08 Room 1, fire damaged. Brick construction external walls with stud and plaster internal walls. 09 Room 1, fire damaged. Rear room to left, hall centre and towards bathroom right. Left wall plasterboard partition. 10 Room 2 fire damaged. Plasterboard partition between 1 & 6

11 Room 3, fire damaged. Probable former chimney breast to left 12 Room 4, bathroom. Fire damaged 13 Room 5, storage? Fire damaged, plasterboard 14 Room 6, fire damaged, plasterboard 15 Room 8, stairwell right. At the rear, the drop to the ceiling level of room 9 can be seen 16 Room 9, entrance right. Two iron supports to the exposed beams. Fire door to rear. 17 Stairwell to basement. Blocked window behind chipboard see DSC06108. 18 Room 9, looking towards room 8. Two step raise in floor level and adjoining wall 19 Room 8, stairwell right, stairwell basement centre. Room height difference between 8 & 9

20 Room 11, secondary store in brick




Introduction

This level I/II building survey has been prepared by Dr Neil Phillips, A.P.A.C. Ltd, in response to a proposed program of works to redevelop a former Public House which has fallen into disuse.

The building; Pontnewydd Inn, Commercial Street, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. NP44 1AE, has suffered from a periodof neglect since the last occupant left and has also been subjected to additional damage from fire.

Some emergency work has been done to the property in order to stabilise the structure before it fell into completeruin.

The proposed project has now entered the refurbishment phase and the client has been advised by Torfaen CountyBorough Council (TCBC) that he would need to engage a building’s archaeologist as part of the planning process:

14. No development to which this permission relates shall commence until an appropriate programme of historic building recording and analysis has been secured, implemented andsubmitted to the local planning authority in accordance with a written scheme of investigationwhich has been submitted to and approved in writing by the local planning Authority.

Reason: As the building is of historic significance, the records are required to mitigate impact.

TCBC 13/P/00398.

After discussion with Mr S. Peel, building conservation office with TCBC, a design brief DB:BS/PYD/14 wasdrawn up, submitted and approved as fit for purpose.

Thi t d t il th b ildi d t k 16th

J 2014



A.P.A.C. Ltd Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. BS/PYD/14 The Ordnance Survey mapping of 1882 records the existence of a building, marked PH, with roughly the samefootprint that it has today; although, with out the east and west fire escapes fig 02.

Ordnance Survey map progressions identify little change to the site over the next four decades but 1920 the building plan acquires an outbuilding to the east, a possible stairway to the north and an unidentifiable addition between thefront building and the north extension, fig 03.

Lastly, there is a listing of a Henry Thomas, Proprietor of the Pontnewydd Inn in 1901 (Kelly).

Aims and Objectives

The aim of the level I/II survey is to preserve by record the structure of the building, prior to refurbishment and in sodoing’ provide a facility for understanding the building’s historic development.

The record produced can then be used to guide the determination of the planning condition as to the final design ofrefurbishment.

Methodology

The building survey followed the methodology defined in 5.2 , Understanding Historic Buildings; A Guide to Good Recording Practice (English Heritage 2008). The methodology employed was also guided by the Standards andGuidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (IFA 1996,revised ed 2013).

The photographic record of the site includes general views of the exterior, the overall appearance of principlestructure and circulation areas, external and internal detail relevant to the property’s design and development.

st




General external description of Pontnewydd Inn.

The building consists of a two storey, south facing Georgian Style, frontage with gables to the west and east with arear extension hall running north south with a hipped roof.

Both roofs are slated and to outward appearances, in good order.

The front elevation has been rendered to resemble ashlar blocking which has been painted white, whereas the rearand sides are plain render with a mixture of older paintwork.

All woodwork: sash windows, doors, and panelling, are painted black as are the base strings, canopy and themajority of the stone window sills.

The south elevation opens at street level whereas the other three sides have an addition above ground basement.

East and west elevations have metal fire escapes whilst the western side has a lean to at ground level toaccommodate a set of stairs to the basement.

East and west elevations have a number blocked windows and doorways at the basement level.

External detail:

The front and main entrance to the building is shown in Plate 01.

Opening onto the main road it has a centrally placed door with two windows each side and three on the first floor.

Ground and first floors are separated by an applied wooden façade which has been painted black and there is a flat

1930’ l b h d



A.P.A.C. Ltd Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. BS/PYD/14 The floor configuration is the same as that shown at the east elevation, although there is a difference to the features:the gable end has no first floor windows and the hall has two doors at ground floor level with only one window.

There is a rather awkward adjustment mid building to accommodate an upper, window with flat roof, to the top ofthe upper stairwell, with a further lean-to to accommodate the stairwell to the basement Plate 07.

Beneath the recently added fire escape and balcony, are two large access doors to the basement; both of which are possibly later additions; replacing the ‘keystone arch’ feature of the east elevation with steel lintels.

The fire escape also obscures another blocked window with stone sill.

General internal description

Front building (southern portion) rooms 1-7, 9 & 10-14, fig 04.

The first floor of the building is divided by dry-lined stud partition walls into 5 rooms (1-6) with 2 short access passages.

All the floors are intact but the ceiling has gone, probably as a result of an internal fire.

Access to the first floor is by stairs which enter from the north through the external wall which adjoins the northernsection of the building.

The ground floor consists of a single room, (9) approximately 70m² with an external entry points from the road tothe south and fire door to the east.

To the north, the external wall has been opened by 3.75m to provide access up two steps, to the rear building

Thi d fl h i d h id b d bl i f i i l h i i h



A.P.A.C. Ltd Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. BS/PYD/14 Stairwell 10, ground floor to basement, is again a straight flight of wooden stairs external to the front building butthis time also external to the rear hall under cover of a lean-to.

Internal detail:

Front building, first floor, 1-7.

Room 1 is the largest of the first floor rooms and includes two of the front elevation windows one of which has been boarded up, Plate 08.

A view from room 1 towards the north east shows the ply flooring, stud walls, pattern faced hollow core door toroom 2 and entrance to passage 6.

With the exception of the small alcove on the corner of the west gable and front elevation shown centre of Plate 08the room has no features of note.

The same can be said of room 2 which has one window to the north but no features of note Plate 10.

Room 3 is again featureless and sharing the frontage with room 1 has the 3rd

window and a matching alcove, Plate11.

Room 4, Plate 12, the bathroom, is separated from 3 by a small access passage which also provides access to room5, Plate 13.

Access to the first floor is through a small featureless landing room 6, Plate 14, from the stairwell 7 leading from theground floor, PL 15.

F b ildi d fl 9



A.P.A.C. Ltd Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. BS/PYD/14 Room 14; accessible through room 13, again two external blocked openings which were not possible to check in anydetail, Plate 26.

Rear building, basement, 15-16 & 17.

A central opening to the left of passage 10 gives access to two larger rectangular rooms 15 and 16.

Plate 27, shows 15 viewed towards the east with the central keystone construction arch discussed above.

To the left of the photograph is a blocked internal window into room 16 but to the left is an unexplained offset, brickconstruction wall.

When viewed to the west the same room has another blocked doorway and it is also possible to see the bottom of thestairwell which passes beyond the west external wall, Plate 28.

Also revealed is a very substantial girder which extends the width of room 15.

Additionally, the photograph reveals the cut through the external wall of the front building (left), allowing access to15 from 10.

Room 16, Plate 29 shows a view of the internal eastern wall revealing a soot filled opening for a flue whichcontinues up internally though the wall within a brick built chimney for which there are no other traces.

To the west, the same room reveals a second form of heating with an in situ cast iron range, Plates 30 & 31.

Room 17 is not accessible.

There used to be a connection at with 16 the eastern end of the adjoining wall but this has been filled in.

Th l i h h h l k d d h i Pl 07




Phasing

Taking into account the shared external wall, the difference in floor levels and the external stair wells, it is probablethat the building originally began as two separate structures which later became one enterprise.

Which building is earlier is difficult to judge; however, from the symmetrical, Georgian Style layout of the front building it is reasonable to suggest that originally the building would have had an internal stair, probably rising froma front entrance hall in a similar position to the beams now resting on the later cast iron pillars.

If the entire first floor had not been re-developed with all its original internal walls replaced, it would have been possible to verify this.

If this interpretation is correct then the front building has been extensively re-developed to include the use of therear building, ie the rear building has been added to the front.

Interpretation summary

It can be seen from the information above that any interpretation is subjective at best as the building itself retainsvery little in the way of datable features.

The historical background of the area tends to limit the building to a foundation after the early 19 th century withmapping placing a definite existence by 1882.

Archive

Th i i l hi ill b i d b APAC L d




References:

A.P.A.C. Ltd. Project Design for an archaeological building survey Level I/II Pontnewydd Inn,Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. DB:BS/PYD/14

English Heritage Management of Archaeological Projects (1991).

Understanding Historic Buildings, A guide to good recording practice, (2008).

Industrial Monmouthshire http://www.industrialgwent.co.uk/cwmbran/index Institute forArchaeologists (IFA) Standards and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing

Buildings or Structures (IFA 1996, revised ed 2001).

Haydon, R., 2010 The Monmouth Canal.http://www.fourteenlocksetr.co.uk/ETR/Canal_History/Entries/2010/2/8_

Kellys 1901 Directory of Monmouthshire.

Torfaen CountyBorough Council 13/P/00398. Notification of Approval of Planning Permission

Usk Land Survey Pontnewydd Commercial Street Pontnewydd Floor Plans. 0095, March 2012.

Wilson, J.M., 1870-72 Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales .cited. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/20412

http://www.fourteenlocksetr.co.uk/ETR/Canal_History/Entries/2010/2/8_





FIG 01 Location A.P.A.C. Ltd BS/PYD/14




C o p

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6 5 7 7

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FIG 02 Ordnance Survey 1:2500 1882




1

3

4

5

6 7

8 8

9

12

10

11

14 1315

16 17

2

0 5 10 15

m

First Floor

Basement

Ground Floor

up up

u p

u p

A.P.A.C. Ltd BS/PYD/14


FIG 04 Floor Plans

N



A.P.A.C. Ltd Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewdd, Cwmbran

DSC06147 16/01/2014 DSC-F828 3264x2448 B E Room 14, blocked external window.

DSC06148 16/01/2014 DSC-F828 3264x2448 B E Room 15, external east wall with arch. Angled wall to the right of unknown purpose. InternDSC06149 16/01/2014 DSC-F828 3264x2448 B W Room 15, external west wall with blocked external door. Stairway left can be seen to extendDSC06150 16/01/2014 DSC-F828 3264x2448 B E Room 16, external east wall with evidence of channel or flue for and brick chimney. ConstrDSC06151 16/01/2014 DSC-F828 3264x2448 B W Room 16, blocked external entrance to west wall with remains of Victorian Cast iron range DSC06152 16/01/2014 DSC-F828 3264x2448 B W Room 16, detail of cast iron range DSC06153 16/01/2014 DSC-F828 3264x2448 EX S Details of Fire escape supports and view of blocked window external to the disused cast iroDSC06154 16/01/2014 DSC-F828 3264x2448 GF N Room 9, looking towards room 8. Two step raise in floor level and adjoining wall



Site Site code Grid Ref: Camera Format Dimensions Image no: Area

Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

First Floor

u p

1

2

3

456

7

Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. BS/PYD/14 339225 196318 Sony DSC F828 RAW, JPG 3264x2448 DSC06114 First floor

Reason for image: 2nd view of front elevation without passing traffic

A.P.A.C. Ltdwww.apac.ltd.uk

North

PL 01




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9

Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. BS/PYD/14 339225 196318 Sony DSC F828 RAW, JPG 2448x3264 DSC06115 External

Reason for image:

Detail of door canopy and mouldedsupports. Detaching from building


West

PL 02




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Detail of basement entrance, possible coach way with a three centred key-stoned arch.


West

PL 03




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Additional brick out house at basement level


South west

PL 04




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Rear elevation showing difference in width between rear extension and front building. Metalstairs and platform to left possibly a fire escape..


South

PL 05




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: West elevation, Northern extension has two entrances to the basement and an attachedbasement stairwell cover. Additional covered veranda ( fire escape). No windows to firstfloor of west gable.


East

PL 06




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Detail of veranda and basement entrances to west elevation of northern extension.


East

PL 07




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

First Floor

u p

1

2

3

456

7


Reason for image: Room 1, fire damaged. Brick construction with plaster.


South west

PL 08




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

First Floor

u p

1

2

3

456

7


Reason for image: Room 1, fire damaged. Rear room to left, hall centre and towards bathroom right. Left wallplasterboard partition.


North east

PL 09




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

First Floor

u p

1

2

3

456

7


Reason for image: Room 2 fire damaged. Plasterboard partition between 1 & ?


North

PL 10




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

First Floor

u p

1

2

3

456

7


Reason for image: Room 3, fire damaged. Probable former chimney breast to left


South east

PL 11




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

First Floor

u p

1

2

3

456

7


Reason for image: Room 4, bathroom. Fire damaged


North east

PL 12




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

First Floor

u p

1

2

3

456

7


Reason for image: Room 5, storage? Fire damaged, plasterboard


North PL 13




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

First Floor

u p

1

2

3

456

7


Reason for image: Room 6, fire damaged, plasterboard


North PL 14




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9

Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. BS/PYD/14 339225 196318 Sony DSC F828 RAW, JPG 3264x2448 DSC06132 Ground floor

Reason for image: Room 8, stairwell right. At the rear, the drop to the ceiling level of room 9 can be seen


South

PL 15




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Room 9, entrance right. Two iron supports to the exposed beams. Fire door to rear


South east

PL 16




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image:

Stairwell to basement. Blockedwindow behind chipboard seeDSC06108.


North west

PL 17




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Room 9, looking towards room 8. Two step raise in floor level and adjoining wall


North

PL 18




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Room 8, stairwell right, stairwell basement centre. Room height difference between 8 & 9


West

PL 19




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10

Pontnewydd Inn, Pontnewydd, Cwmbran. BS/PYD/14 339225 196318 Sony DSC F828 RAW, JPG 3264x2448 DSC06140 Basement

Reason for image: Room 11, secondary store in brick


East

PL 20




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room 11, looking towards double doors into room 12. Brick construction concrete floor


South PL 21




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room 12, front elevation beneath street level, elevated brick faced floor


South east

PL 22




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room 12, east internal solid wall with blocked window above sink, elevated floor to right


South east

PL 23




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room13, blocked external door in east wall behind basin. Flag floor


South east

PL 24




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image:

Detail of metal stairs (fire escape)with pent roof., 3 three blockedbasement windows


South west

PL 25




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room 14, blocked external window.


South east

PL 26




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room 15, external east wall with arch. Angled wall to the right of unknown purpose. Internal

window to room 16 left


South east

PL 27




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room 15, external west wall with blocked external door. Stairway left can be seen to extend beyond

building hence external lean to roof


West

PL 28




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room 16, external east wall with evidence of channel or flue for and brick chimney. Construction

un-coursed rubble


East

PL 29




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room 16, blocked external entrance to west wall with remains of Victorian Cast iron range and

internal wall chimney


West

PL 30




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Basement

u p

17

16

15

13

1412

11

10


Reason for image: Room 16, detail of cast iron range


West

PL 31




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Room 8, east wall two windows each side of a stone hearth?, Fl0oring removed. Room height

approximately 3.5m


North east PL 32




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Room 8, detail of hearth stone


North east

PL 33




Direction of view:

Object

Material

Period

N

0 5 10 15

m

Ground Floor

u p

u p

8

9


Reason for image: Room 8, west wall, one window one double fire door. Recess to centre of rear wall. Moulded wooden

architrave to ceiling.


North PL 34

pontnewydd inn

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