Red Hat Enterprise Linux

a crash course

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La 1ère école 100 % dédiée à l'open source

Open Source School est fondée à l'initiative de Smile, leader de l'intégration et de l'infogérance open source, et de l'EPSI,établissement privé pionnier de l’enseignement supérieur en informatique.

Dans le cadre du Programme d’Investissements d’Avenir (PIA), le gouvernement français a décidé de soutenir la création de cette école en lui attribuant une première aide de 1,4M€ et confirme sa volonté de soutenir la filière du Logiciel Libre actuellement en plein développement.

Avec une croissance annuelle de plus de 10%, et 4 000 postes vacants chaque année dans le secteur du Logiciel Libre, OSS entend répondre à la pénurie de compétences du secteur en mobilisant l’ensemble de l’écosystème et en proposant la plus vaste offre en matière de formation aux technologies open source tant en formation initiale qu'en formation continue.

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Les formations du plein emploi !

Formation Continue

Open Source School "Executive Education" est un organisme de formation agréé qui propose un catalogue de plus de 200 formations professionnelles et différents dispositifs de reconversion permettant le retour à l’emploi (POE) ou une meilleure employabilité pour de nombreux professionnels de l’informatique.

Pour vos demandes : formations@opensourceschool.fr

Formation Initiale

100% logiciels libres et 100% alternance, le cursus Open Source School s’appuie sur le référentiel des blocs de compétences de l’EPSI.Il est sanctionné par un titre de niveau I RNCP, Bac+5. Le programme est proposé dans 6 campus à Bordeaux, Lille, Lyon, Montpellier, Nantes, Paris.

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Nos domaines de formations

Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Plan

1 Introduction to RHEL

2 Basic system administration

3 Package management

4 Differences in system components

5 Finding help

6 Practice

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Introduction to RHEL

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

History

History

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

History

History

1991: Linux 0.01

1994: Red Hat Linux 1.0

1996: Debian 1.1

1997: RPM

2003: Fedora and RHEL

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Licencing

Licencing

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Licencing

Licencing

Red Hat Enterprise Linux is a commercial distribution of opensource software

You need to pay a subscribtion for updates and support

Sources are freely available

Source availability led to community managed derivatives :

CentOS : enterprise focusedScientific Linux : for science !

Also commercial derivatives like Oracle Linux

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Lifecycle

Lifecycle

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Lifecycle

Lifecycle

RHEL versions have only one number (RHEL4, RHEL5,RHEL6,...)

5 years of active life (bugfixes and improvements)

5 years of maintenance (only security fixes)

3 years of special Extended Life Cycle (only some securityfixes), additional subscription required

additional subscription requires

Incremental updates (4.5, 5.6, 6.1 ...)

Debian only has a lifecycle of 3 years, similar to themaintenance phase

Versions of components may slightly change between updates,but no major upgrades

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Basic system administration

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Don’t panic!

Don’t panic!

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Don’t panic!

Don’t panic!

RHEL is similar to debian, and most other distributions

All kernel utilities are the same : uname, ps, top, vmstat,ifconfig,...

Basic GNU utilities are the same : sort, grep, awk, ...

Only high-level sysadmin tools change : apt-get,update-rc.d, ...

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

System configuration

System configuration

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

System configuration

System configuration

Most config files are in /etc/sysconfig

sysconfig/network : gateway, DNS...

sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 : interfaceconfiguration

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Service management

Service management

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Service management

Service management

chkconfig --list (--add ...) : manage enabled services

service httpd start

service network restart

use init.d and rcN.d in the background

When you install a package, it will not automatically bestarted for you

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Package management

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Package management

Package management uses yum

repositories in /etc/yum.repos.d

yum search keywork

yum info package

yum install package

yum remove package

yum update [package]

yum clean all

rpm -qa

rpm -ql package

rpm -qf /path/to/file

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

EPEL repository

RedHat has much less packages than Debian, usually,additional packages are required

The only allowed repository is EPEL (Extra Packages forEnterprise Linux)

Maintainted by the Fedora Project

Stability is guaranteed

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Differences in system components

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apache

apache

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

apache

apache

Apache is called httpd

The user is called apache

Default docroot is /var/www/html

Config in /etc/httpd/conf

VHosts in /etc/httpd/conf.d/*.conf

/etc/init.d/httpd configtest

/etc/init.d/httpd reload

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

php

php

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

php

php

Config is in /etc/php.ini

Includes in /etc/php.d

You can copy php.ini to php-cli.ini if you want adifferent config for batchs

On RHEL5.6 and above, you can use PHP 5.3 through thephp53 packages

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

mysql

mysql

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

mysql

mysql

Configuration is in /etc/my.cnf

almost nothing by default

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Finding help

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Finding help

From the included documentation :

yum install [links] Deployment Guide-en-US

htmlview

/usr/share/doc/Deployment Guide-en-US-5.2/index.html

Online :

http://docs.redhat.com/

The Deployment Guide is the most interesting document

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Practice

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Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practice

Practice

Install varnish (from EPEL)

Make varnish listen on port 80

Make apache listen on port 8080

Make varnish use apache as a backend

Make varnish start on boot

Make varnish log using apache format (varnishncsa)

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