rheumatoid arthritis (ra) pd.ppt
DESCRIPTION
auto imun, inflamasiTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
![Page 2: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Rheumatoid arthritis (often called RA) is a chronic (long-standing) disease that damages the joints of the body.
![Page 3: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Rheumatoid arthritis affects approximately 1.3 million people in the U.S., with women developing the condition three times more than men.
![Page 4: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) causes joint inflammation and stiffness for more than six weeks in a child aged 16 or younger.
![Page 5: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
An example showing the differences between a normal, healthy joint, a joint affected by osteoarthritis, and one affected by rheumatoid arthritis.
![Page 6: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Even though infectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi have long been suspected, the cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown.
![Page 7: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis come and go, depending on the degree of tissue inflammation.
![Page 8: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Rheumatoid arthritis symptoms can include fatigue, lack of appetite, low-grade fever, muscle and joint aches, and stiffness.
![Page 9: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
In rheumatoid arthritis, multiple joints are usually inflamed in a symmetrical pattern (both sides of the body are affected).
![Page 10: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease and its inflammation can affect organs and areas of the body other than the joints.
![Page 11: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
A rheumatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the non-surgical treatment of rheumatic illnesses, especially arthritis.
![Page 12: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The first step in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is a meeting between the doctor and the patient.
![Page 13: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A newer, more specific blood test for rheumatoid arthritis is the citrulline antibody test.
![Page 14: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Another blood test for RA called the sedimentation rate (sed rate), is a measure of how fast red blood cells fall to the bottom of a test tube.
![Page 15: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Joint X-rays can also be helpful in monitoring the progression of rheumatoid disease and joint damage over time.
![Page 16: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
In arthrocentesis, a sterile needle and syringe are used to drain joint fluid out of the joint for study in the laboratory.
![Page 17: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
There is no known cure for rheumatoid arthritis; however, early medical intervention has been shown to be important in improving outcomes.
![Page 18: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Two classes of medications are used in treating rheumatoid arthritis: fast-acting "first-line drugs" and slow-acting "second-line drugs."
![Page 19: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Symptomatic pain relief can often be achieved with oral acetaminophen (Tylenol and others) or OTC topical preparations.
![Page 20: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The areas of the body, other than the joints, that are affected by rheumatoid inflammation are treated individually.
![Page 21: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
A balance of rest and exercise is important in treating rheumatoid arthritis.
![Page 22: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) PD.ppt](https://reader037.vdocuments.pub/reader037/viewer/2022100301/577cc7ca1a28aba711a1ba6b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Surgery may be an option to restore joint mobility, repair damaged joints, or in worst case scenarios, total artificial joint replacement.