2 :rats srats rats - srats nus sratS

sezis tnereffid htiw thgil dna taeh stime seidob gnithgil era yehT :sratS ecaps eht ni

gninihs = gnithgiL

su ot llams yrev kool smees sratS : nosaer eviGsu morf raf yrev era yeht esuaceb

--------------------------------------------srats metsys ralos

snoom stenalp 8 8 nus metsys ralos - seidob laitselec

stenalp dna sratS :1 nosseL

metsys raloS

laitseleC snooM stenalP 8 nuSseidob

dioretsAs

temoCs

roeteMs

sdioroeteM

3 suna- Sun is the center of solar systemb- Sun is a shining lighting starc- Sun radiates (emits) light and heatd- Sun is the nearest star to us e- Sun is the star of the solar system f- Sun is medium size star g- Sun is the biggest largest body in the solar system

Give reason: Sun is a star.Answer: Bec. It emits heat and light

Give reason: Although Sun is a medium size star it seems the biggest oneto us.

Answer: Bec. It is the nearest star to us

Sun

4)stenalp8+nus( metsys ralos

stibro dexif ni nus eht dnuora evlover seidob krad era yehT

morf tsehtraf eht ot tseraen eht morf degnarra era stenalp 8 era erehT-

:sa nus ehtenutpeN dna sunarU -nrutaS -retipuJ -sraM -htraE -suneV -yrucreM

stenalP

5 -There are 8 planets are arranged from the biggest to the smallest :

Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune - Earth - Venus - Mars -Mercury

1- The nearest planets to the sun is Mercury 2- The farthest planets to the sun is Neptune 3- The biggest planets is Jupiter 4- The smallest planets is Mercury 5- Earth is between Venus and Mars

6yrucreM htraE suneV tenalp enutpeN -sunarU -nrutaS - retipuJsraM

:metsys ralos eht fo stenalp ehT

7

Because of its small size whereas its size is less than one fifth ofthe earths size.

They are followers to the planets and revolve around the planets

Dark bodies, reflects the light of the sun so it seems shiny

Is the nearest neighbor to us in space

Give reason: The moon is a dark body, but it seems shiny - lightBecause it reflects the sun light

Moons

Give .Reason/scientists do not classify Pluto as aplanet

Moons

Moon

8Star Planet Moon1-It is a shiny body.2-It emits heat andlight.3-It rotates in thespace.(apparent rotation)Ex: The sun

1-It is a dark body.2-It doesn't emit heator light.3- It rotates in spacearound the sun.Ex: The Earth

1-It is a dark body.2-It reflects sunlightfalling on it.3- It rotates in spacearound planets.Ex: The Moon

Compare between Star, planet & moon

9Lesson The movement - rotation of the sun and earth

Celestial bodies: The stars, planets and moons are in a continuous rotationGive reason Why

The sun is a star but it seems larger than the other starsbecause it is the nearest one to us

:

itself-axis

( ) the apparent movement of the sun

The apparent rotation of the sun:The sun seems to move from east to west

Give reason-The sun seems moving (rises) from east to westAnswer: because the earth rotates around its axis (itself)

( not due to the rotation of the sun ) shadow

Give reason-The movement of the shadowDue to apparent rotation of the sun (rotation of Earth around itself)

2

1- The rotation of the sun

10

Rotate = revolve :

- axis () sequence day and night north hemisphere south hemisphere

-) ( sequence four seasons

Autumn (Fall)SpringWinterSummerFour seasons:

2- Rotation of the earth

a- Rotation of theearth around the sun

b- Rotation of theearth around its axis

Sequence of 4 seasons Sequence of day and night

-The earth rotates around its axis itself once every 24 hourscausing day and night

-The earth revolves around the sun once every 365 and quarters aday causing the sequence of the 4 seasons

11

Give reason:1- The sequence of day and nightAnswer: Bec. Earth rotate around its axis every day 2- The sequence of four seasonsAnswer: Bec. Earth rotate around the sun every year

day night Earth axis Give reason -The hours of day is not equal to the hours of night

because the earth axis is inclined Earth axis is inclined

- Day is longer than night in Summer- Day is shorter than night in Winter- Hours of day are equal to hours of night in Spring and autumn (Fall)

12

Complete:1- The rotation of Earth around its axis itself causes the sequence of

..2- The rotation of Earth around the sun causes the sequence of

..3- The Earth rotate around its axis once every 4- The Earth rotate around the sun once every Answer: 1- day and night 2- four seasons 3- 24hours

4- 365 and quarter days

Give reason -A summer day is longer than the winter day

because the apparent orbit of the sun in summer is longer than theapparent orbit in winter

13

- - =

- - - = ) ( +

: :005 17:00Example

Time of sunrise Time of sunsetHour minute Hour minute6 43 5 43

1- The length of day = Read of sunset Read of sunriseThe length of day = 17 : 43 6 : 43 = 11 : 00 hours

2- The length of night = 24 hours length of dayThe length of night = 24: 00 11 : 00 = 13 : 00 hours

How to determine the length of day and night?

1- The length of day = Read of sunset [hour: min] Read of sunrise[hour : min]

2- The length of night = 24 hours [24: 00] length of day [hour: min]

14

Lesson Motion of the moon

Give reason: You see the moon shining although it is a dark object.Answer: Bec. It reflects sunlight that fall on it

-

The moon rotates around its axis itself once every 28 daysThe moon rotates around Earth once every 28 days1- Rotation of the moon around the Earth

The moon rotates around the Earth in a circular path orbit onceevery 28 days ( lunar month )

3

Rotation of the moon

Around its axis

Around the earth

Phases of the moon

15

:

: :

: Complete:

1- The moon appear shining because 2- The moon rotate around the Earth in .. path (orbit) once

every Answer: 1- it reflects sunlight 2- circular 28 days

oon phasesM

Give reason: The moon has different phasesBec. It rotates around the Earth once every 28 days

16

Phases of the moon new moon first crescent) ( -

first quadrature half moon)( first gibbous ) (

full moon middle of lunar month )( second gibbous ) (

second quadrature half moon)( second crescent

New moon: phase of moon when it's completely dark Full moon: phase of moon when it's completely lighting Full moon: phase of moon in the middle of lunar month Write scientific term1- Phase of moon when it's completely dark2- Phase of moon when it's completely lighting3- Phase of moon in the middle of lunar monthAnswer: 1- new moon 2- full moon 3- full moon

17

attraction force gravity

) : ( There are attraction forces among celestial bodies:1- The attraction force between Earth and Sun2- The attraction force between Earth and Moon

Give reason: Earth rotates around sun in definite (fixed) orbit (path)Answer: Due to attraction force (gravity) between them

Give reason: Moon rotates around Earth in definite (fixed) orbit (path)Answer: Due to attraction force (gravity) between them

81

bbE dna ediT

ot noom eht dna nus eht htob fo noitcartta eht morf detluser anemonehPhtrae eht

: ediT: bbE

anemonehp bbe dna edit fo ecnerruccO :nosaer eviGnoom dna htraE neewteb ecrof noitcartta ot euD :rewsnA

ediTot level retaw fo gnisir eht sI

serohsaes eht srevoc

fo gnisir - ediT mumixam ehtnoom lluf eht ni si level retaw

htnom ranul fo elddim eht ni esahp

bbEsnruter eht si tI

sti ot retaw fo kcabretfa level lamron

edit eht

19

Why the tide and ebb happens?It is due to the attraction force between the earth and the moon and

between earth and the sunbut the moon is main reason for tide and ebb because it is nearer to the

earth than the sun-------------------------

( )

Activity -put a plastic fan under a water tap and let the water fall

Observation: the tap water rotates the fan this is the idea of theturbines

-The turbines are rotated by the falling of water or by air pushing toproduce electricity

The benefits importance uses of tide and ebb: 1-Generating electricity: the moving of water during tide and ebb makes the turbines rotate and

produce electricity2-Cleaning the coast:

water carries the wastes from the coast to the sea

20

The Earth surrounded by the atmosphere

it is a mixture of gases surrounding the EarthAtmosphere:

()

Complete :1- Oxygen gas represents . Of the air volume2- Nitrogen gas represents . Of the air volume3- Carbon dioxide gas represents . Of the air volume4- The atmosphere consists of a mixture of

Answer: 21% - 78% - 0.03% - gases

Gas Oxygen Nitrogen Carbon dioxide other gases Watervapor

Ratios 21% - 78% 0.03% 0.79% changing

Lesson The atmosphere and the weather 4

Atmosphere Air - components

21

benefit of :usesImportance

Oxygen Carbon dioxide Nitrogen1- Necessary forrespiration of livingorganisms.

1- Green plants use it tomake photosynthesisprocess.

1- Decrease the effectof oxygen in combustion(burning) .

2- Helps in burning offuel.

2- Use to make sodawater.

2- Used in makingammonia and nitrogenousfertilizers

3- Divers use oxygencylinder to help thembreath-respire underwater

3- Helps in fireextinguisher (put off)because it doesnt burn.

4- It is used withacetylene in cutting andwelding metals.

Give reason: Carbondioxide is used in fireextinguish .Bec. It not burn

22

%- % photosynthesis process

carbon dioxide

Importance of

1- Oxygen gas:

It represents about 21% ( )of air volume. The main source of oxygen on Earth is the

photosynthesis process - green plants.

carbon dioxide lime water

2- Carbon dioxide: make lime water turbid - milky

Lime water is used to test- detect carbon dioxide.Carbon dioxide produced from burning and respiration

3- Nitrogen gas: It is the most abundant gas in the air as it represents

78% ( ) of the volume of the atmosphere.

4- Water vapour: The humidity of air depends on the amount of water vapor

Give reason : Drops of water on a glass filled with ice

Bec. Air has water vapor

23

Weather factors

Weather

Weather : Is the expected conditions of the atmosphere during ashort period of time not exceeding one week

Theweatherfactors

Temperature

Atmospheric pressure

Winds

Clouds & rains

24

1- Temperature () ()

)mercury digital(

-

Activity: -Fill a cup with water completely then cover it with white paper, then turn

the cup upside downObservation: Water does not fall from the cup Conclusion: the atmospheric pressure equals to water pressure in the cup

Maximum temperatureThe expected temperature during the day time

Minimum temperature - The expected temperature during the night time

Temperature Measured byMercury thermometer or digital

thermometer

Atmospheric pressure2 Measured by Barometer

52

- -

htiw srehto dna erusserp cirehpsomta hgih htiw secalp era erehT -erusserp cirehpsomta wol

dniW3

hgih morf ria fo tnemevom eht sI :dniWerusserp rewol drawot saera erusserp

saera :

fo gnisir eht sesuac dniw fo deeps ehT* aes eht fo sevaw

yb derusaem dniW

deeps dniw serusaem retemomenA

dniw eht fo noitcerid eht senimreted enaV dniW ...( )

26

Clouds and rains formed by evaporation and condensation of water vapor

Clouds and rains4

Formation of cloudsThe sun rays

evaporate the waterchanging it into

water vapour then itrises in the sky ,

cooled andcondensed forming

clouds : ..

Falling of rainsWinds move theclouds then it

changes into dropsof water as rains

27

People follow the weather forecast in T.V in order to face some conditionsas: 1-If predicting a lower temperature - people should wear heavy clothes

2-Predicting strong wind below, sea waves rises up, fishing boats areadvised not to sail

3-Predicting a foggy morning - car drivers should slow down ,to avoidaccidents

The importance of weather prediction