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UNIT 3:TROPICAL RAINFOREST
• Did you know?We are losing Earth's greatest biological
treasures just as we are beginning to appreciate
their true value. Rainforests once
covered 14% of the earth's land surface;
now they cover a mere 6% and experts
estimate that the last remaining rainforests could be consumed in
less than 40 years.
WHAT ARE WE INVESTIGATING?
TROPICAL RAINFOREST• What are Tropical Rainforest?
• Where are they located?
• Deforestation
• What is it?
• Which areas have
we lost?
• Why does it
occur?
• Deforestation
• How to manage?
Deforestation
how does it impact
• people
• environment?
YOU WILL LEARN TO
• use photographs and sketches to describe the characteristics of Tropical rainforest• describe how Tropical rainforest adapt to
the tropical climate• describe the uses and importance of
Tropical rainforest respect different people’s perspectives about rainforest
CHARACTERISTICS OF TROPICAL RAINFOREST
General Characterises
Description -- thick and luxuriant evergreen
forestSuitable Climate-- high
rainfall and high temperature throughout
the year
Evergreen trees – do not shed all their leaves at
the same time
CHARACTERISTICS OF TROPICAL RAINFOREST
How can we study the rainforest?
Diversity of plant species
Structure of the forest
Adaptation of
plants
STRUCTURE OF RAINFOREST80
50
30
20
0
Formed by the crown of the trees
Lianas and epiphytes grow in this layer
Plants here are widely spaced
Sparse vegetation with leaf litter
Undergrowth Layer
Forest floor
Emergent
Canopy
* Trees grow to heights
20-30 metres to reach
sunlight. * Form a continuous cover locking 90%
of sunlight
* Eg includes ferns
* It's very dark down here. Little sunshine reaches this area
*larger leaves to reach the sunlight.
*plants seldom grow to 20 metres.
* hardly any sun reaches the forest floor things begin to decay
quickly.
Emergent layer
Canopy Layer
Undergrowth Layer
HOMEWORK
• Read Pages 75 to 76 from textbook •Do exercise 3.1 and 3.2 (pages 37-40) from your workbook.
• (you may refer to slide 6 of your notes and pg. 79 of your textbook to help you draw the sketch of the rainforest)
DISCOVER THE DIFFERENT SPECIES FOUND IN THE TROPICAL RAINFOREST
The giant of the Amaz
on Rainforest : ____________
Read page 77 to complete this table.
The world's largest
honey bees home:
_____________
Makes good household
plants :
_________
Grows well with
nutrients from
decomposed :
____________
The TR supports numerous species of plants and animals
Forms lush carpet of greenery: _______
DISCOVER THE DIFFERENT SPECIES FOUND IN THE TROPICAL RAINFOREST
The giant of the Amaz
on Rainforest : Kapok tree
ANSWERSThe world's
largest honey bees
home: Tualang
tree
Makes good household
plants :
Staghorn
fernsGrows well
with nutrients
from decompose
d Fungi
Check your answers
Forms lush carpet of greenery:mosses
Uses of Tropical
Rainforest
Water catchm
ent
Source of
timberMedical applicat
ion
Habitat to flora and
fauna
Green lungs of
the earth
Habitat to indigenous
people
• An area drained by a river and the smaller rivers that flow into it.• Rain water that drips from trees seeps into the
ground and is stored as ground water so Tropical Rainforest are large water catchment areas.• Impurities are trapped by the soil before it flows
onto the reservoirs . • The Central catchment reserve lies within the
biggest water catchment in Singapore
CENTRAL CATCHMENT NATURE RESERVE
GREEN LUNG OF THE EARTH
• Forest absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen through photosynthesis.• Forest helps the earth to “breath” so its called
“green lungs of the earth.”• 20% of earth oxygen is generated by the Amazon
rainforest.• Forest acts as the earth’s natural purifier and the
dense vegetation keeps it cool.
• Rainforest is home to 2 million of the world’s plants, animals, insects and a variety of fungi.• Ample sunlight allows plants to thrive which in
becomes food to animals.• The canopy allows other plants and animals to
survive.• Indigenous people obtain food through hunting or
as shifting cultivators and depend on the rainforest for basic necessities too.
• Forest provide wood for fuel for cooking.• Tropical rainforest supply one-fifth of the world's
industrial timber .• Teak, ebony, mahogany and meranti are valued for their strength, durability, texture and beauty.• Products made include doors, window frames and furniture
• Tropical Rainforest is the world’s largest pharmacy source of medicine• Brazil nuts have cancer-fighting prosperities• Cinchona tree – treats Malaria• Madagascar periwinkle plant– treats childhood
leukaemia• Clavillia plants treats eczema & itchiness
WHICH PHOTOGRAPH SHOWS A TROPICAL RAINFOREST ?
Figure A
Figure B
What factors did you consider to make your decision?
GEOGRAPHICAL INVESTIGATION SKILLS
A SCHOOL-BASED ACTIVITY-
SKETCHING • Observe how the trees in the school field adapt to our climate.• Take a photo of the tree that shows a
characteristics of the adaptation.• Using the skills studied in Unit 2 and with
reference to Pg. 79 of the textbook, sketch the feature you see.• Paste your sketch and the photo on a A4
paper and submit to your teacher