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Presented By 13B

Plenary Discussion 1

st

week

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Member

1.Nissa Audiva(1110312012)

2.Try Purwo Fandoko(1110312013)

3.Hadi Rifki Ramadhan(1110312048)

4.Embun Dini(1110312053)5.Nidya Yunaz(1110312100)

6.Andika Budhi Rahmawan(1110312118)

7.Dwi Novilolita(1110312130)

8.Aisha Triani(1110313029)

9.Fadhli Ardhian Syukri(1110313035)

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1.

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Terminology

1. Ambiguous genitalia : a birth defect of the sexorgans that makes it unclear whether an affectednewborn is a girl or boy

2. Undescended testes : a congenital condition

characterized by testicles that do not extend to thescrotum

3. Bifid Scrotum: scrotum splitting up into two

4. Microphallus : a stretched penile length of less thannormal

5. Chordae: fibrous tissue that surrounds the meatusto the penis glans

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6. Hypospadia : a birth defect in which the

opening of the urethra, which is normally found

on the tip of the penis, is located instead on itsunderside.

7. Chromosome analysis : microscopic

examination of chromosomes in dividing cells8. Genitography : the radiography of the

urogenital sinus and internal duct structures

after injection of a contrast medium through theopening of the sinus

9. Sex of rearing: a foster parent to the child's

sex

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Problem Identification

1. Why can happen ambiguous genitalia and undescendedtestis?

2. Why doctors recommend delaying sex determination?

3. What causes Ambi squat when urinating?

4. Why doctors ask about a history of birth?5. How is the interpretation of urogenital examination?

6. What is the purpose of the initial actions performed by adoctor?

7. Whether ambi could have normal genit alia aftertreatment

8. What will happen if Ambi not treated?

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Problem Analysis

1. Why can happen ambiguous genitalia andundescended testis?

Ambiguous genitalia can develop if the process

that causes fetal tissue to become "male" or"female" is disrupted. The genitalia makes itdifficult to easily identify the infant as male orfemale.

For example, an enlarged clitoris that looks like asmall penis. The labia may be fused and look like ascrotum

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It's not known exactly what causes

undescended testicles, but they are thought to

occur if something disrupts the normal

development of the testicles.

The descent of the testicles is a complex

process that is influenced by a number of

factors, including certain hormones and the

pressure within the abdomen. If there are any

problems affecting these, there is a risk of thetesticle not descending.

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2. Why doctors recommend delaying sexdetermination?

Because in some cases, undescended testes at birthcan decrease spontaneously into the scrotum withoutany intervention in the first year of birth.

3. What causes Ambi squat when urinating?

Because the meatus uretra externa is not located at theend of the penis, but at the base of the penis.

4. Why doctors ask about a history of birth?

Because there are several things that increase the riskof undescended testis, include low birth weight, beingborn prematurely, having a family history ofundescended testicles.

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5. How is the interpretation of urogenital examination?

The scrotum bifida, scrotum splitting up into two somake it doubts with the labia majora

There is chordae, which is both exciting scarring andwrinkles surrounding tissues so the penis bends to theventral.

Not palpable gonads at the left skrotum, there is aninterruption in gonad at the left so that only the righttestis that descend into the scrotum.

6. What is the purpose of the initial actions performedby a doctor?

Chromosome analysis to look at the composition ofchromosomes and sex determination and genitography

to see the visualization of the urogenital tract.

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7. Whether ambi could have normal genit alia after

treatment? Yes, she can. The treatment should be

done at the time of pre-school.8. What will happen if Ambi not treated?

Undescended testes remain in the abdominal

cavity. The temperature in the abdominal cavity 1Chigher than the temperature in the scrotum. The

testicles that are always exposed to higher

temperatures can damage cells and testicular

changes in the direction of malignancy.

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Scheme

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Learning Objective

Students are able to describe:

1) Epidemiology of congenital anomalies in the urogenital system2) The etiology and risk factors of congenital abnormalities in the

urogenital system

3) Pathophysiology and pathogenesis of congenital anomalies in

the urogenital system4) The clinical manifestations of congenital abnormalities in the

urogenital system

5) Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of congenital anomalies in

the urogenital system6) Management of congenital abnormalities in the urogenital

system

7) Complications and prognosis of congenital anomalies in the

urogenital system

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