storage pumps reversible pump-turbines scientific and technical...

LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines

Hongrin Dams

FMHL SA

StoragePumps&

ReversiblePumpTurbinesScientificandTechnicalChallenges

Prof.FranoisAvellan,Dr.Eng.,EPFLSchoolofEngineering

InstituteofMechanicalEngineering

RGIStorageWorkshop,Montreux Jan.27,2011


Scope PumpedStoragePowerPlants

TodayTechnology

ScienceandTechnologyChallenges

Introduction

Computing Domain of the HYDRODYNA Pump-Turbine


SwissPowerGenerationSwiss Electricity Data:2009Survey

SwitzerlandtobeProudofaNearlyCO2FreePowerGenerationMix

10'000

20'000

30'000

40'000

50'000

60'000

70'000

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

[GWh]

Run-off Hydropower Plants

Pumped StoragePlants

Storage Hydropower Plants

Annual PowerConsumption

AnnualPowerGeneration

NuclearPower Plants

Fossil FuelPowerPlants


PowerGenerationMixinSwitzerland

2009:11734MWHydropowerGeneratingCapacity;1699MWPumpingPowerCapacity

63971GWh PowerGenerationin2009:

Storage Hydropower

Plants 32.9 %

Run-off Hydropower

Plants25.2 %

Nuclear Power Plants

40.8 %

Fossil Fuel Power Plants

5.1 %Pumped Storage

Power Plants 3.9 %


HongrinLman PSP

EarlyDevelopments:Veytaux PumpedStoragePlant(FMHLsa)

Hongrin Lake(1969):52millionsm3 Capacity

Veytaux PowerStation(1972)

4HorizontalTernaryUnits

9 256MWPumpingPower9 240MWGeneratingPower9 850mWC Head9 600min1

Hongrin Lake

Lman Lake


StorageofEnergyinExcess

9AvailabilityofHVACGrid(220kV&380kVinCH)9Reservoirs

GridControl

9GeneratingMode9PumpingMode

MitigatingtheFlowChanges

9Reservoirs

> 60 GW Wind Power in EU!

22 GW in Germany;

15 GW in Spain.

Pumped StoragePowerPlantsServices

InternalRateofReturn:SpotMarketvs.ServicestotheGrid


LastOutstandingPumpedStoragePlantsCommissionedsince12Years

NeedsofStorageCapacity:ReversiblePumpTurbines

PumpedStoragePowerPlant Capacity Units

UnitPower Owner Country Year

Yangyang 1'032MW 4 258MW KOMIPO SouthKorea 2006

Kannagawa 2'820MW 6 470MW TEPCO Japan 2005

Goldisthal 1'060MW 4 265MW VATTENFALLEurope Germany 2002

Kazunogawa 1'648MW 4 412MW TEPCO Japan 2001

Tianhuangping 1'800MW China 2001

Guangzhou 2'400MW 8 300MW CLP,Guangdong China 2000

Matanoagawa 1'200MW ChugokuElectricPower Japan 1999

Okutataragi 1'932MW 6 322MW KEPCO Japan 1998


9 2820MWCapacity9 6PumpTurbines,470MWPumpingPower,625mWC Head9 TEPCO,TokyoElectricPowerCo.

Kannagawa PSP:WorldwideLargestCapacityPumpedStoragePowerPlant

500rpm,525,000kVAMotorGenerator,Hitachi

6PumpTurbines@500rpm


VerticalTernaryUnits:PeltonM/GPump

MatchingbothPumpingandGeneratingModes9 LengthoftheRotatingTrain;9 Speed;9 RequiredSubmergence.

HighGradeControl9 Pelton Turbine9 HydraulicByPass

TurbineDriveforStartingUp 1DirectionofRotation9 EfficientCooling

SafeTransients

Technology ofTernary Units

2 Ternary Units~850 mCE 120 MW @ 500 min-1

FMHL+


HydraulicBypass

M G T PP P P Technology:EnablingFastGridPrimaryControl


MixedIslandedNetworkWindFarmSafetyTrippoff

200MWWindFarm 1'200MWNuclearPowerPlant 2x250MWPumpedStorage

Plant

9 C.Nicoletetal.,"StorageUnitstoStabilizeMixedIslandedPowerNetwork:aTransientAnalysis".HYDRO2008,Ljubljana,Slovenia.

AdvancedNumericalSimulation:EnablingFastGridControl

http://simsen.epfl.ch/


GridPrimaryControlthruHydraulicBypass

250 MW Hydraulic Bypass


200 MW Wind Farm Safety Tripp off SIMSEN Numerical Simulation

AdvancedNumericalSimulation:EnablingFastGridControl


ReversiblePumpTurbineUnitsTechnologyChallenges

StartUpProcedures9 StaticFrequencyConverterofLimited

Power9 BacktoBackarrangement9 TurbineorPonyMotorDrive9 Dewatering/WateringProcess

BidirectionalMotorGeneratorSpeed9 AirCoolingvs.WaterCooling

Pumping&GeneratingOperatingRangesMatching9 Efficiency9 Cavitation9 Transients:Startup&LoadRejection

GridPrimaryControl9 Variablespeed9 DoubleRegulatedStages

ReversiblePumpTurbineTechnology

Yang Yang (ALSTOM Hydro)

800 mWC

4 x 258 MW 600 min-1

Double Regulated Stages (nq 38)


620MWNant deDrance PSPProject(VS)Commissioningin2015

EmossonLake 210106 m3 Capacity VieilEmossonLake 11106 m3 Capacity 250to390mWC HeadRange 4x155MWSingleStagePumpTurbines 428.6min1 7%VariableSpeedDrive

VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl


1GWLinthal PSPProject(GL)Commissioningin2015

Limmern 92106 m3 Capacity Mutt 25106 m3 Capacity 560mWC to724mWC HeadRange 4x250MWSingleStagePumpTurbines 500rpm 6%VariableSpeedDrive



VARSPEEDTechnology StaticFrequency

Converter9VoltageSourceInverter

DoubleFeedAsynchronousMachines9CylindricalRotorwithThreePhasesWinding9 SlipRingsforExcitation

ReversiblePumpTurbine



NumericalSimulationoftheVeryFastChangeofthePowerSetPoint

YvesPannatier :"Optimisationdesstratgiesderglaged'uneinstallationdepompageturbinagevitessevariable",Thse EPFLN 4789,2010.



Varspeed

Synchronous Machine


SciencesandTechnologyChallenges

Safety,ReliabilityandFlexibility9MeetingDemandofPeakingPower9GridPrimaryControl

ShortTimeResponse9 FrequentStarts&Stops9 ExtendingOperatingRanges

KnowledgeDevelopmentinHydrodynamics


RotorStatorInteractionsinGeneratingMode

HYDRODYNACaseStudyzo =20,zb =99 ExperimentalInvestigations9ValidationofUnsteadyNumericalSimulations

"Dynamic"BehaviorofPumpTurbines

Unsteady Pressure Field in Generating ModeMax Discharge

HYDR DYNA


ExperimentalInfrastructure

Complying IEC 60193 StandardsEfficiency Uncertainty


IEC60193PumpTurbineModelTestingPumpedStoragePowerPlant Country Owner/Manufacturer Capacity Year

Ludington MI,USA Consumers Energy 6x312MW 2010

XIANYOU China DONGFANGElectricalMachineryLtd 1'200MW 2009

XIANSHUIJAN China HARBINElectricalMachineryLtd. 4x370MW 2009

VeryHighHead R&D/ALSTOMHydro 20078

ROCKYMOUNTAIN GA,USA OglethorpePower/AmericanHydro 3x370MW 20056

BLENHEIMGILBOA NY,USA Rev.Eng.&ImpellerModelNYPA 4x260MW 2003

CHEONSONG SouthKorea KoreaWesternPowerCo/GEHydro 2x350MW 2003

Nq45 R&D/ALSTOMHydro 2002

VENDANOVEII Portugal EDP/VOITHHydro 2x98MW 2001

ALQUEVA Portugal EDIAoperatedbyEDP/ALSTOMHydro 2x130MW 1999

TAUMSAUK* MO,USA UnionElectricCompany/AmericanHydro 2x220MW 1997

EPFL:aKeyResearchCenterforHydropowerDevelopment


PompeturbineHYDRODYNAzo =20,zb =9

ResearchProjectPumpTurbineHydrodynamics

Investigating,ModelingandHarnessingUnsteadyFlows;

FluidStructureCoupling;

RotorStatorInteractions;

Cavitation;

PerformanceCurveStability

Sciencesand Technology Challenges

HYDR DYNA


ExperimentalInvestigations

HYDRODYNAPumpTurbineScale Model

HYDR DYNA


ComputingDomain

FlowNumericalSimulations

HYDR DYNA


RotorStatorInteractionGeneratingMode@FullLoad

PressureFieldattheSpiralCasingWall

HYDR DYNA


K=2Modeof9x20RSI

ExperimentalValidationofRSINumericalSimulations


ImpellerModalAnalysis:2DMode

HYDRODYNAImpellerFluidStructureCoupling


TowardaSustainableCO2FreePowerGenerationSystem

RenewingAvailableHydropowerSchemeswithPumpedStoragePowerPlantsforMaximizingValueoftheAvailableStorageCapacities9MinimizingEnvironmentalImpacts;9 IncreasingPowerCapacityandEfficiency;9 DevelopingPowerControlCapability;9 EnhancingRobustness,Availability,Maintainability&Safety.

InterconnectedElectricityNetworksOpportunities9 EnablingNewRenewableEnergyDevelopment;9 PeakPowerGeneration;9 GridPowerControlServices:PrimaryControl(frequency).

StrategicIssuesforDevelopingPumpedStoragePowerPlants


Conclusions PumpedStoragePlants(PSP)arethekeycomponentfor

enablingthedevelopmentandtheoptimumuseofprimaryrenewableenergy.

Thebusinessmodelisdrivenbytheenergyspotmarket,theservicestothegridandthepublicpolicy.

Thepumpturbinetechnologyneedstobefurtherdevelopedtomeetthemarketneedsandtoensureandenhance,reliabilityavailabilitymaintainabilityandsafetyofthepowerplants.Attentionmustbepaidwhenutilizingexistinghydraulicinfrastructure,e.g.penstock.

TheongoingSwissprojectsofPSPareanopportunityforfurtherinvestigationsinthefieldofenablingenergytechnology.

EPFLSchoolofEngineering


EPFLDoctoralTheses NicolasRUCHONNET:"Multiscale ComputationalMethodologyAppliedto

Hydroacoustic ResonanceinCavitating PipeFlow", EPFLDoctoralThesisN4778,2010.

Berten STEFAN:HydrodynamicsofHighSpecificPowerPumpsatOffDesignOperatingConditions,EPFLDoctoralThesisN4642,2010.

PhilippeAUSONI:"TurbulentVortexSheddingfromaBluntTrailingEdgeHydrofoil", EPFLDoctoralThesisN4475,2009.

OlivierBRAUN:"PartLoadFlowinRadialCentrifugalPumps",EPFLDoctoralThesisN4422,2009.

AlirezaZOBEIRI:"InvestigationsofTimeDependentFlowPhenomenainaTurbineandaPumpTurbineofFrancisType:RotorStatorInteractionsandPrecessing VortexRope",EPFLDoctoralThesisN4272,2009.

AdvancedEducationinHydrodynamicsofTurbomachines


ThanksforyourKindAttention-

RGIStorageWorkshop,Montreux Jan.27,2011


GrandeDixence HydropowerScheme

400Millionsm3 ReservoirStorageCapacity:MaximumValue


GrandeDixence HydropowerScheme:

GeneratingPowerStation:SeasonalOperation9 1'269MWBieudron9 685MWNendazFionnay9 100MWChandoline

CollectingWaterfrom35Glaciers9 170MWPumpingPower

400Millionsm3 ReservoirStorageCapacity:MaximumValue


1'269MWBieudron PowerPlant3Pelton Turbines

500MVAGenerators9428.5min1914poles,35.7MVA/pole9WaterCooled

423MWPeltonTurbines,5injectors91'883mWC Head9 25m3/sDischarge9D1 =3.993m9 ~28tRunnerMass

Bieudron PowerPlantEnablingRhDix StoragePumpedProject

storage pumps reversible pump-turbines scientific and technical...

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