systematic study of elliptic flow at rhic

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Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC Maya SHIMOMURA University of Tsukuba RCNP 2007/10/29-30

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Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC. Maya SHIMOMURA University of Tsukuba. RCNP 2007/10/29-30. Contents. Elliptic Flow の説明 実験結果 エネルギーの比較 AuAu と CuCu の比較  ( 中心衝突度による比較 ) まとめ. 非中心衝突. z. ビーム軸. φ. Y. 反応平面. Y. x. x ( 反応平面 ). Elliptic Flow (v 2 ) について. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

Maya SHIMOMURAUniversity of Tsukuba

RCNP 2007/10/29-30

Page 2: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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Contents• Elliptic Flow の説明• 実験結果

– エネルギーの比較– AuAu と CuCu の比較 – ( 中心衝突度による比較 )

• まとめ

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Elliptic Flow (v2) について

[ ]{ })-2(cosV+= RP2 Φφφ 21nddN

重イオン衝突でできた高温高密度物質の性質を探る重要なプローブ

ビーム軸

x

z

反応平面

非中心衝突

生成粒子と反応平面の為す角度Φ の分布をフーリエ級数展開

2次の項の係数がv2 →楕円率を表すx ( 反応平面 )

φ

粒子の収量が、

(x方向)>(y方向)なら、v2>0衝突関与部の初期の幾何学的な異方性が運動量空間における方位角異方性となって検出されている。→衝突で生成された物質の性質を反映している測定量

v 2は、生成される粒子の方位角方向の異方性の強度をあらわしている。

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Energy dependence

Page 5: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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Energy dependence of v2 (1)

衝突に持ち込むエネルギーが違っても62~200GeVではv2の値は一定。SPS(17GeV) からRHICへは~50%の増加。

Inclusive Charge Hadron Au + Au

Cu + Cu

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Energy dependence of v2 (1)

衝突に持ち込むエネルギーが違っても62~200GeVではv2の値は一定。SPS(17GeV) からRHICへは~50%の増加。

Inclusive Charge Hadron Au + Au

Cu + Cu

PRL 94, 232302

Page 7: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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Energy dependence of v2 (1)PID charged Hadron PHENIX PRELIMINARY

衝突に持ち込むエネルギーが違っても62~200GeVではv2の値は一定。SPS(17GeV) からRHICへは~50%の増加。

Page 8: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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Energy dependence of v2 (2)

62 , 200GeVではv2の値は KET + quark number scaling が成り立っているSPS では、成り立っていないようにもみえる(がエラーが大きすぎて結論づけれない)

PRL 98, 162301Au+Au, 200GeV , MB

KET = mT-m0

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Energy dependence of v2 (2)

62 , 200GeVではv2の値は KET + quark number scaling が成り立っているSPS では、成り立っていないようにもみえる(がエラーが大きすぎて結論づけれない)

PHENIX: Error bars include both statistical and systematic errors.STAR: Error bars include statistical errors. Yellow band indicates systematic errors.

Star results were taken from Phys. Rev. C 75 Au + Au 62.4 GeV, 10-40 %

Page 10: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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Energy dependence of v2 (2)

62 , 200GeVではv2の値は KET + quark number scaling が成り立っているSPS では、成り立っていないようにもみえる(がエラーが大きすぎて結論づけれない)

Taken from A. Tranenko’s talk at QM 2006

v2 of p, π, Λ - C. Alt et al (NA49 collaboration) nucl-ex/0606026 submitted to PRL

Pb+Pb at 158A GeV, NA49

v2 of K0 (preliminary) - G. Stefanek for NA49 collaboration (nucl-ex/0611003)

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System Size Dependence

Page 12: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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反応関与部の楕円率22

22 -

xy

xy

Eccentricity =

12

Page 13: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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System size dependence of v2

v2/eccentricity vs. Npart

participant eccentricityで system size の違う v2

をスケールすると一致する。ただし、 Npart に依存していて一定にはならない。

左: standard Eccentricity

中: Participant Eccentricity

右: Participant Eccentricity without self correlation (suggested by Esumi-san at QM06)

Page 14: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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System size dependence of v2

v2/eccentricity vs. Npart

participant eccentricityで system size の違う v2

をスケールすると一致する。ただし、 Npart に依存していて一定にはならない。

左: standard Eccentricity

中: Participant Eccentricity

右: Participant Eccentricity without self correlation (suggested by Esumi-san at QM06)

Page 15: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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System size dependence of v2

V2/ participant eccentricity vs. Npart1/3

v2 を eccentricity で規格化した値は Npart の 1/3 乗にほぼ比例し、 pT によってその傾きは決まる。( System size にはよらず、ほぼ一定。)

Inclusive charged hadron

Page 16: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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System size dependence of v2

v2/ participant eccentricity vs. Npart1/3

Line は、 y = ax による それぞれのシステムに対する Fit.

v2 を eccentricity で規格化した値は Npart の 1/3 乗にほぼ比例し、 pT によってその傾きは違う。( System size にはよらず、ほぼ一定。)

Inclusive charged hadron

Page 17: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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中心衝突度による比較* Only statistical errors are shown* Systematic error on ~ 10 - 20 %

v2(KET/nq)/nq は、 participant eccentricity でスケールしても、中心衝突度による違いがある。一定にならない。Taken from H. Masui’s talk at JPS 2007f

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まとめ• 実験結果

– Energy(62~200GeV) の比較• RHICの衝突エネルギー( 62~200GeV) では、エネルギーを

変えてもv2が変わらない。• RHICのエネルギーでは  mT+quark number scaling が成り

立つ。– System Size (AuAu と CuCu) の比較 

• Participant Eccentricity でスケールすると System Size の違う v 2 ( Npart ) /eccentricity は、一致する。

• v2 ( Npart ) /eccentricity は、Npartの 1/3 乗にほぼ比例している。

→   mT scaling +quark number で規格化した v2 でみるとどうなるか。

– 中心衝突度による比較• Eccentricity Scaling は、成り立たない。

( v2/eccentricity は、 Npart1/3 (厚み?) に依存して増加するのに、エネルギーが 62→200 に増えても変化しないのは、なぜか。)

Page 19: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

Back up

Page 20: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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Analysis<Data set for this analysis> • Au+Au collision• 37.6 Million Events• taken in 2003-2004 at RHIC-PHENIX• Collision energy : 62.4 GeV/2 nucleons

<PHENIX detectors>EMCAL     for

Particle Identificatio

n resolution=380

ps

BBC to

determine reaction

plane and vertex

DC + PC1   for good track

selection and to determine

pTOF    for Particle Identificatio

n resolution=120

ps<PID by TOF measurement>

Using TOF or EMC with BBC, the flight time of the particles is obtained. Mass of the particle is calculated by the flight time and the momentum measured by DC.

<Reaction Plane determination>

The reaction plane is obtained by measurement of the anisotropic distribution for the produced particles with north and south BBCs located at || ~ 3 – 4.

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Resolution Calculation of Reaction Plane

• BBC North + South combined• √(2*<cos(2*(ΨS –ΨN))>) =1/correction factor

A,B : reaction plane determined for each sub sample.

)]-(2cos[~)]-(2cos[ BAtruemeasuredresolution

resolutionvvmeasured

real 22

Page 22: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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System size dependence of v2

V2/ participant eccentricity vs. Npart1/3

Line は、 y = ax による それぞれのシステムに対する Fit.

v2 を eccentricity で規格化した値は Npart の 1/3 乗にほぼ比例し、 pT によってその傾きは決まる。 System size にはよらず、その傾きがほぼ一定になる。CuCu 62 GeV は、違う傾きを示すように見える(が、エラーが大きいため結論づけられない) Stopping の効果?

Page 23: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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System size dependence of v2

V2/ participant eccentricity vs. Npart1/3

Line は、 y = ax+b による それぞれのシステムに対する Fit.

v2 を eccentricity で規格化した値は Npart の 1/3 乗にほぼ比例し、 pT によってその傾きは決まる。 ?System size にはよらず、その傾きがほぼ一定になる ?CuCu 62 GeV は、違う傾きを示すように見える(が、エラーが大きいため結論づけられない) Stopping の効果?

Page 24: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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Mean pT

Mean pT of 62.4 GeV and 200 GeV are consistent within errors.

open: negative

close: positive

π

K

p

Obtained by fitting PHENIX preliminary results

Prod

uced

by

Page 25: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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Eccentricity• Eccentricity () is e

stimated by Glauber MC simulation value’s are not ch

anged so much in b = 5 - 9 fm (10 - 50 % centrality). / ~ 10 %

– Quite different for different definitions of at central and peripheral Systematic error on ~ 10 - 20 %

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• Scaling holds for all centrality ?– Ratio of data to fit (next slide)

KET + NCQ scaling of v2

Taken from H. Masui’s talk at JPS 2007f

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v2(Data)/v2(Fit)

• Scaling works within systematic errors, except for low KET

– Radial flow ?Taken from H. Masui’s talk at JPS 2007f

Page 28: Systematic Study of Elliptic Flow at RHIC

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13 Countries; 62 Institutions; 550 Participants*

*as of March 2005

Lund University, Lund, Sweden Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas, USA Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973, USA University of California - Riverside (UCR), Riverside, CA 92521, USA University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA Columbia University, Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, NY 10533, USA Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA Florida State University (FSU), Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA Georgia State University (GSU), Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA Iowa State University (ISU) and Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA 94550, USA University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook (USB),

Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony

Brook (USB), Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA University of Tennessee (UT), Knoxville, TN 37996, USA Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA

University of S‹ o Paulo, S‹ o Paulo, Brazil Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, China China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), Beijing, P. R. China Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116

Prague, Czech Republic Czech Technical University, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical

Engineering, Brehova 7, 11519 Prague, Czech Republic Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na

Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Universite de Clermont-

Ferrand, 63 170 Aubiere, Clermont-Ferrand, France Dapnia, CEA Saclay, Bat. 703, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de

Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France SUBATECH, Ecle des Mines at Nantes, F-44307 Nantes France University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics at the Hungarian

Academy of Sciences (MTA KFKI RMKI), Budapest, Hungary Debrecen University, Debrecen, Hungary Evs Lor‡nd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary Banaras Hindu University, Banaras, India Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Bombay, India Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel Center for Nuclear Study (CNS-Tokyo), University of Tokyo, Tanashi, Tokyo

188, Japan Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739, Japan KEK - High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba,

Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki, Japan RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351-

0198, Japan RIKEN Š BNL Research Center, Japan, located at BNL Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima,

Tokyo 171-8501, Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-shi Ibaraki-ken 305-8577,

Japan Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan Cyclotron Application Laboratory, KAERI, Seoul, South Korea Kangnung National University, Kangnung 210-702, South Korea Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea Myong Ji University, Yongin City 449-728, Korea System Electronics Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul, South

Korea Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea IHEP (Protvino), State Research Center of Russian Federation "Institute for

High Energy Physics", Protvino 142281, Russia Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR-Dubna), Dubna, Russia Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region,

188300, Russia Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State

University, Vorob'evy Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia Saint-Petersburg State Polytechnical Univiversity, Politechnicheskayastr, 29,

St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia

Map No. 3933 Rev. 2 UNITED N ATIONSAugust 1999

Department of Public InformationCartographic Section