The Enlightenment SpreadsChapter 6 Section 3Mr. Porter

Neoclassical StylePulteney Bridge Changes in architecture and

paintings.

Baroque- which uses classical Greek and Roman structure of influence.

As these changes occurred with this new artistic style it became known as neoclassical (“new classical”).

Paris in 1700’sCultural and

Intellectual capital of Europe.

The brightest minds would come to Paris.

Wealthy women of Paris would hold social gatherings in salons were these intellects in art, science, writers and philosophers would discuss their ideas.

Salon

Salons ContinuedMarie-Therese Geoffrin leading hostesses of this

period. She help finance Denis Diderot project of a

group of books in which leading scholars of Europe would post articles and essays in it.

Called it the EncyclopediaWith the encyclopedia, the ideas of the

enlightenment began to spread throughout Europe.

These ideas angered the French Government and the Catholic Church.

Mozart & Beethoven

Music & LiteratureThree Austrian Compossers Franz Joseph

Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven.

New style of writing began to appear with fictional novels.

Very popular with the middle class who enjoyed entertaining stories written in everyday language.

Samuel Richardson novel Pamela is seen as the first true English novel.

Enlightenment & MonarchyMany philosophes tried to convince monarchs

to respect the people’s rights.Monarch’s that took on the ideas of the

Enlightenment were known as enlightened despots.

Although these monarch’s supported these ideas, they had no plans on giving up their rule.

Three rulers that were the leaders of the enlightened despots.

Frederick the GreatKing of Prussia (1740-

1786)Goal to strengthen the

countryGranted Religious

FreedomReduced CensorshipImproved EducationReformed Justice SystemHe called himself “the first

servant of the state”

Joseph IIRuler of Austria (1780-

1790)Introduced legal reformsIntroduced freedom of the

pressSupported freedom of

worshipAbolished serfdomPeasants to be paid cash

for their laborNobles resisted this change

Catherine the GreatRuled Russia (1762-1796)She admired VoltairePushed for Religious

freedomAbolish torture & capital

punishmentActually she did little for

the peasants of RussiaRussian peasants would

revolt in 1773.

Catherine the GreatAfter crushing the

rebellion, she realized she needed nobles to support the throne.

She made a focus to expand her empire

Northern shore of the Black Sea

Expanded into parts of Poland