The Taiwan Problem in ChiThe Taiwan Problem in China-US Relationsna-US Relations

Guo XuetangGuo Xuetang Department of International Studies Department of International Studies

& Public Administration& Public AdministrationSHUPLSHUPL

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11 ，， China-US Policy Framework over China-US Policy Framework over Taiwan IssueTaiwan Issue

• Taiwan issue is the most sensitive issue between China and US, and the U.S.-Taiwan defense relationship is probably the most controversial aspect of the relationship between US and China (PRC).

• Three Sino-U.S. communiques guiding China and the U.S.’ policies in dealing with the Taiwan problem.

a) the Feb.1972 Shanghai Communique

b) the 1978 Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations

c) the August 17, 1982 Joint Communique

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• The U.S. Congress enacted the Taiwan Relations Act in 1979 to continue commercial, cultural, and other relations between the people of the U.S. and the people on Taiwan, and to make commitment of defend Taiwan if China uses force to achieve reunification.

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• The three Sino-U.S. Communiques and the TRA provide a framework for the U.S. in dealing with the dynamic ambiguities that exist across the Taiwan Strait.

• In 1972, as the Shanghai Communique states, one ambiguity was that all Chinese on either side of the Taiwan Strait maintain that there is but one China and that Taiwan is a part of China. Now, 30 years later,particularly Taiwan’s democratization and Taiwanese cultural identity fuel a growing debate in the United States.

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• One issue is whether the established “One-China” framework promulgated in the three communiques and the TRA is sufficient to maintain cross-strait peace, prosperity, and stability-or whether past frameworks and ambiguities must be redefined in the face of current and future challenges.

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• Another issue is whether ambiguities inherent within, and integral to, the frameworks provided by these past agreements and understandings now contribute to cross-strait stability or instability.

The Taiwan Strait is one of the most dangerous military flashpoints in the world, and perhaps the most complex and challenging future foreign and defense policy issue facing the United States in the Asia-Pacific region.

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2, Mainland China’s Taiwan Policy 2, Mainland China’s Taiwan Policy

• Jiang Zemin's Eight-point Proposal in 1995a) Adhering to the principle of one China is the basis an

d prerequisite for peaceful reunification. b) We do not have objections to the development of no

ngovernmental economic and cultural ties between Taiwan and other countries.

c) It has been our consistent stand to hold negotiations with Taiwan authorities on the peaceful reunification of the motherland.

d) We shall try our best to achieve the peaceful reunification of China since Chinese should not fight Chinese.

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e) Challenged with world economic development in the 21st century, we shall spare no effect to develop economic exchange and cooperation between the two sides separated by the Taiwan Straits so that both sides enjoy a flourishing economy and the whole Chinese nation benefits.

f) The splendid culture of 5,000 years created by the sons and daughters of all ethnic groups of China has become ties keeping the entire Chinese people close at heart and constitutes an important basis for the peaceful reunification of the motherland. People on both sides should jointly inherit and carry forward the fine traditions of the culture.

g) The 21 million Taiwan people, whether born there or in other provinces, are Chinese and our own flesh and blood.

h) We welcome leaders of Taiwan to visit the mainland in their proper status.

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3, “Wang-Koo Talk” in Singapore in April 1993 in April 1993 • In April 1993, Wang and Koo held in Singapore the first ever h

igh-level, non-governmental talks between Taiwan and the mainland. The talks were known as the Wang-Koo meeting.

• the 1992 Consensus.• In 1998 they held the second talks in Shanghai.

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4, President Clinton’s Three No’s Principles 4, President Clinton’s Three No’s Principles on Taiwan Issueon Taiwan Issue

• In during his visit in Shanghai in June 1998, U.S. President Clinton reaffirmed U.S. adherence to the "Three No's" principles on Taiwan.

• the United States does not support independence for Taiwan, or "one China, one Taiwan," or "two Chinas," or its membership in any international bodies whose members are sovereign states.

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5, “The One-China Principle and the Taiwan Iss5, “The One-China Principle and the Taiwan Issue” White Paper in Feb. 2000ue” White Paper in Feb. 2000

• The Taiwan question is the most crucial and most sensitive issue in the relations between China and the United States.

• The three Sino-US joint communiques are the basis for the healthy and steady development of relations between the two countries. For over 20 years, the United States has promised to adhere to a One-China Policy, which has brought to itself benefits such as the establishment of diplomatic relations with China, the development of Sino-US relations and the relative stability of the Taiwan situation.

• Regrettably, the United States has repeatedly contravened its solemn understandings with China made in the August 17 Communique and continued its sale of advanced arms and military equipment to Taiwan.

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• China has said the law is by no means a so-called "law on the use of force against Taiwan" or a so-called "war mobilization order." China would only use "non-peaceful means" to stop Taiwan'ssecession should all efforts for a peaceful reunification prove futile.

NPC deputies applaud when the National People's Congress adopted the Anti-Secession Law 2,896 to nil in Beijing Monday.

6, The 6, The anti-secession law in 2005anti-secession law in 2005

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我们曾经顶过美国的肚子。抗美援朝把美国顶了一下，它想跨过鸭绿江，我们把它顶回到三八线。我们在台湾问题上，总有一天也要把美国从台湾顶走的。

—— 毛泽东， 1955 年 10 月 15 日

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7, Peace and Development: the theme 7, Peace and Development: the theme of cross-Straits relationsof cross-Straits relations

• "Taiwan independence" does not lead to peace, nor national dismemberment to stability.

• Positive changes have taken place in Taiwan and the cross-strait relationship has witnessed sound development

• Peace and development should be the theme of cross-Straits relations, and the common goal of the people both in the mainland and Taiwan

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Hu Jintao (R), General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, shakes hands with Kuomintang (KMT) Chairman Wu Poh-hsiung at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, on May 28, 2008. Hu Jintao met with Wu Poh-hsiung and all the members of the visiting KMT group.

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