tue, 10.45h cramer, wigand global production networks and socio economic regulation

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Global production networks and socio-economic regulation strategic challenges and perspectives

全球生产网络和社会经济规范的战略性考验和视觉

A Problem we are facing quite a while

Capitalist production, therefore, develops technology, and the combining

together of various processes into a social whole, only by sapping the

original sources of all wealth — the soil and the labourer.

因此，资本主义生产发展的技术，及各种工艺的结合在一起成为一个社会的整体，只有通过汲取一切财富的原始来源 - 土壤和劳动者。

Karl Marx, Capital Vol 1, p 245 卡尔·马克思资本论第一卷 245页 Die kapitalistische Produktion entwickelt daher nur die Technik und Kombination des

gesellschaftlichen Produktionsprozesses, indem sie zugleich die Springquellen alles Reichtums

untergräbt: die Erde und den Arbeiter.“

K. Marx, Kapital I, MEW 23, 528ff.

Clean industrial Production?清洁工业产品？

Environmental standards and socio-economic regulation

环境标准和社会经济规范

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2 Bezirksleitung Berlin Brandenburg Sachsen, wigand cramer

Global Production Strategy: SIEMENS 西门子的全球生产战略

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Network communication / IT-layer网络通信/ IT层

Middleware / Data Aggregation中间件/数据汇总

Automatisierung / Simatic

Aktuator Sensor

MES / Simatic IT

Totally Integrated Automation

Simulation仿真

Modellierun

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Produktion

s-prozess

Simulation

Produktion

s-ablauf

Virtuelle

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Programmi

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Darstellung

c-PDM

Produktlebenszy-

klus-Entwicklung

CAD/CAM/CAE

PLM

Virtual Production虚拟生产

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Global Production Networks 全球生产网络

Global production networks are based on highly standardised processes on the one hand – and 全球生产网络一方面是建立在高度标准化流程

Cost-effectivness on the other 另一方面是成本效率

technical standards are modeled with software tools for Total Integrated Production and Automation which integrate the whole process from product-design over production until recycling 技术标准，是参照总的综合生产和自动化集成从产品设计，生产的全过程，直至回收与软件工具

Product- and process-development is based in Europe and the US产品和过程开发是基于在欧洲和美国的

Production is spread all over the world 产品被分配到全世界

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Global Production Networks全球生产网络 cost level vary from country to country and from region to region 成本在每个国家每个地区都不同

so do the socio-economic standards 社会经济标准也一样

given a standardised production process this leads unevitable to

competion based on different wage and labour standards给出一个标准化产品生产，这会不可避免地在导致基于不同工资和劳动力标准的竞争

for unions an uncomfortable situation which threatens the existing

high standards in Europe为工会威胁在欧洲现有的高标准不舒服的情况，

apart from other options to defend the european level of labour

standards the enforcment of international standards for global

companies is one possibilty除了其他选项，以维护欧洲的劳工标准水平enforcment为全球公司的国际标准是一种可能性

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Global Labour Market does function! 全球劳动力市场在起作用！

labor income shares EU 15 US

60,0

62,0

64,0

66,0

68,0

70,0

72,0

74,0

76,0

78,0

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1963

1966

1969

1972

1975

1978

1981

1984

1987

1990

1993

1996

1999

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2005

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ILO Declaration on Multinational Corporations

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Problem: How to enforce those Rules? 难题：怎么去实施这些规则？

There is no immediate mechanism to force companies to apply to these rules没有即时的机制去强逼公司实施这些规则

some companies include ILO giudelines in their Corporate Social Responsibility

Guidelines. But witout any means of controllig一些公司囊括ILO指导在他们的公司社会责任指引中。但没有控制的手段。

So unions in Europe sometimes try to reach collective agreements with their

company to create such a mechanism所以在欧洲的工会有时候试图用他们的公司去创造这样的机制，从而去达成集体协议

collective agreements in this area are voluntary, so there are only a few of them

in existence集体协议在这些范围是义务的，所以他们只有一部分是存在的。

They are heavily depending on the unions strength within the individual

corporation, there is no enforcment by government他们是非常依靠工会在单个企业的力量，是没有政府的强制力的

two exaples两个例子

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SIEMENS example 西门子例子

Global Company. 400,000 employees, 150.000 in Europe, production sites all

over the world 全球公司400，000雇员，150，000在欧洲，全世界都有厂址

in 2004 there was an three party agreement between Siemens management,

Siemens works-council and IG Metall on SIEMENS strategy for international

production including the acceptance of the ILO Declaration on multinational

corporations。在2004年，就西门子的战略，西门子工作委员会和五鑫工会之间达成三方协议，该战略为了国际生产的西门子管理，其中包括国际劳工组织宣言上接受跨国公司。

in the very same year IG Metall learned that SIEMENS was runnig a union

busting campaign in one of there US production sites在同年的五金工会了解到，西门子正在运作一个有破坏活动的工会，在美国的生产基地。

the following intervention of IG Metall was without success because SIEMENS

claimed that union busting is legal in the US接下来五金工会的干预是没有成功的因为西门子承诺工会破坏在美国是合法的。

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BOSCH example 博世例子 in 2010 the european woks-council at BOSCH and the European

Metalworkers Union signed an agreement with the managment on the

international production strategy including the ILO Declaration在2010年，欧洲博世的工作委员会和在欧洲金属工人工会签署一项协议，包括与管理上的国际化生产战略国际劳工组织宣言。

This agreement includes the controlling of the international standards这项协议包括对国际标准的控制。

the quality audits BOSCH does with all their international suppliers include

now the social standards质量审核BOSCH与所有国际供应商，包括现在的社会标准

the works-councel and the union set up an questionaire工作委员会和工会设立了一项问卷

reports are given to them on a regular basis from 2012 on 从2012年开始，报告会定给给予他们

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Summary 总结 the struggle for decent working conditions based on labour standards has

always been the main task of unions all over the world根据劳工标准，体面的工作条件的斗争一直是世界各地的工会的主要任务

only if this struggle is successful government will eventually introduce

binding regulations which always will be threatend and thus controlling them

is an ongoing task for unions如果这场斗争是成功的，政府才会将约束力的法规引入，这个总是被控制而控制它正是工会一个迫在眉睫的任务。

this struggle is mainly regional 这些斗争主要是区域性的

international standards by ILO or UN have no mechnism for enforcement

联合国国际劳工组织的国际标准没有执法机制

again this can mainly be done on al local basis. international agreements are

very rare an hard to manage再次，这可以主要在地域基础上完成，国际协议是非常罕见和困难地被掌握的。

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thanks for your kind attention 谢谢您的出席

tue, 10.45h cramer, wigand global production networks and socio economic regulation

Education

international standards

production sites

labour standards

ig metall

process

based

unions

europe