two-way coupled sph and particle level set fluid simulation frank losasso, jerry o. talton, nipun...

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Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fed

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Page 1: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation

Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

Page 2: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

AbstractAbstract

• Adaptive methods (e.g. RLE, octrees) 에서 상세한 시뮬레이션을 시도 하였음

• 본 논문에서는 Particle 을 이용 하여 격자 이상의 상세 시뮬레이션을 하고자 함

• Two-way coupled simulation

– Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method

– Grid 기반 시뮬레이션을 Coupling

– Spray 같은 확산 현상을 Particle 로 표현

– Particle Level-set 과 융합하여 밀집한 부분의 SPH 볼륨 보정

Page 3: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

INTRODUCTION

• 최근 영화에서 spray, foam, bubbles 같은 2 차적 효과를 다루고자 함

• Incompressible 한 영역은 Grid 기반이 다루기 적절

• Spray, foam 은 SPH 방법이 확산의 특징을 나타내기 쉬움

• 본 논문은 dense 한 부분과 diffuse 한 부분을 모두 다루는 SPH 기법을 제안– Particle Level-set method + SPH

Page 4: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

INTRODUCTION (Con’t)

• Particle 시스템은 CG 분야에서 자주 등장– Navier-Stokes equations 에 SPH 를 적용하여 물을

시뮬레이션 함 [11,12,13,14]

– 음파를 시뮬레이션 하기도 함 [15]

– 불과 같은 압축성 유체를 시뮬레이션 하기도 함 [19]

• Grid 기반 유체 시뮬레이션에서 Particle 사용– Particle 사용하여 유체경계를 정확히 트렉킹 [20]

– FEM 에서도 Spray 를 보이기 위해 particle 사용

– Particle 사용에는 장단점이 있음 (Vortex particle Method 장점 부각 )

Page 5: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

PREVIOUS WORK

• EOS(equation of state) based SPH

– Ex) lava flows, simulate water

– Ex) melting solids, Solid fluid coupling….

– incompressible flow difficult to simulate

• Grid based methods

– solves a global Poisson equation

– impressive simulations of liquids

Page 6: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

PARTICLE LEVEL SET METHOD

• Use the inviscid form of the Navier-Stokes equations

Page 7: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

• Second-order unconditionally stable MacCormack method

• Standard first-order accurate semi Lagrangian method

Page 8: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

• we compute a scaled pressure to make the velocity field divergence free

Page 9: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

Density targeting ( SPH method )

• To predicated on an EOS

: target density of the fluid

J. Morris, P. Fox, and Y. Zhu, “Modeling low reynolds number incompressible flows using SPH,”

Page 10: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

Density targeting (MPS)

• Solving a Poisson equation that targeted the desired number density of particles

• Solving a Poisson equation for the pressure, targeting the removal of any divergence in the intermediate velocity field exactly as in grid-based methods

Page 11: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

• First solve a Poisson equation for pressure to obtain a divergence free velocity field.

• Then, in order to target the desired particle number density.

• The second Poisson solve will force particles from the higher density region to the lower density region as desired

Density targeting (MPS)

Page 12: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

• The equation for conservation of mass

Page 13: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

• The divergence of both sides of equation

• Material derivative : Lagrangian advection

Page 14: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

• To approximate

Page 15: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

시간에 대한 적분으로 바꾸면 ,

T 를 구해서 쉽게 계산 가능

Page 16: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw
Page 17: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw
Page 18: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

DIFFUSE SPH

• Particle Slip (Diffuse)

– 파티클이 퍼져나가는 것

• The influence at a point x

– Kernel 에 의해 파티클이 영향을 미치는 범위 계산

c is a normalization constant

Page 19: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

Simulation FlowSimulation Flow

• Apply gravity to the particles.

• Compute cell and face weights (particle number densities)

• Rasterize weighted particle velocities onto the faces

• Calculate the target divergence for each cell (Poisson equation)

• Update the grid-based velocity field using equation (Advect)

• Grid to particle velocity (FLIP method)

• Particle slip

– S as the particle number density at the particle’s position divided by the global incompressibility target density.

Page 20: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

ONE-WAY COUPLING

• Removed negative particles

– 유체 경계에서 멀리 떨어진 파티클을 Removed negative particle 로 하고 시뮬레이션

– 파티클이 희소한 부분에서 One-way Coupling

– Particle Slip 과정에서 One-way Coupling 이 이루어짐

Page 21: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

위 : Reomoved negative particle 사용

아래 : 본 논문의 SPH solver 를 사용하여 Volume 보정

Page 22: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

TWO-WAY COUPLING

• 파티클이 밀집한 부분에서 Tow-way coupling 필요– 기존 연구에서 유체 경계면의 속도는 extrapolation

한 속도를 사용함

– 유체 경계 주변의 파티클이 밀집할 경우 파티클의 속도를 사용

– Extrapolation 한 격자 속도와 SPH 기반의 속도 중 선택 사용

Page 23: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

Representation

• 파티클이 밀집할 경우 , Level-set 값을 재구성할 필요성이 있음

– 기존의 Particle Level-set 보정 방법을 이용 .

Page 24: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

파티클을 심고 , 밀집한 영역의 Level-set 재생성

Page 25: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

• 4 processor Opteron machines

– 30 seconds and 3 minutes per frame

– 32 particles per cell

– 120×240×120 grid

Page 26: Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

CONCLUSIONS

• To enforce incompressibility target arbitrary particle number densities

• With a single Poisson solve

• Two-way couple SPH solver with particle level set method