Unit 7Unit 7

Korean Cities Construction and Development in Early Times

The Main Cities of KoreaThe Main Cities of KoreaPopulation 24 millionArea120540 Square Km

Population 50.1 millionArea99600 Square Km

The Early Korean CivilizationThe Early Korean Civilization Korea in early Chinese documents Multiple tribes and backward civilization recorded in the “History of Three Kingdoms”; “Historical Records”…… City construction in Korean Peninsular Establishment of urban system: 4 prefectures and 23 counties under Han Dynasty; synchronous growth with Northern China Cities during the Three-Kingdom Period Capitals: Pyongyang, Kongju and Kyongju; United Nation under Shilla and the overall introduction of Chinese culture, administration and urban form ； Confucianism became the dominant ideology of Korean kindoms

The Han EmpireThe Han Empire

Three Kingdoms in KoreaThree Kingdoms in Korea The Three Kingdoms of KoreaThree Kingdoms of Korea ( 삼국시대 ) refer to the

ancient Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla, which dominated the Korea peninsula and parts of Machuria for much of the 1st millennium CE.

The Three Kingdoms period ran from 57 BC until Silla's triumph over Goguryeo in 668, which marked the beginning of the North and South StatesNorth and South States period (남북국시대 ) of Unified Silla in the South and Balhae in the North.

The earlier part of this period, before the three states developed into full-fledged kingdoms, is sometimes called Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea.

Ancient Korea: Three KingdomsAncient Korea: Three Kingdoms

KaesongKaesong

History about Ancient Korean History about Ancient Korean Capitals (Capitals (Gyeongju, KaesongGyeongju, Kaesong))

Ancient Korea City and FacilitiesAncient Korea City and Facilities

KyongjuKyongju

The Sea-front Palace in the 7The Sea-front Palace in the 7thth Century Century

Korean City BuildingsKorean City Buildings

Confucian Temple

City Gate

City Wall

Balhae State

Structures of Korean CitiesStructures of Korean Cities

Urban system and city construction Capital and local government (Kaesong and Seoul); Centralized administration and city hierarchy order

Features of traditional Korean cities Double-cored city structure (mountain fortress + the walled city) ; Active business, international trade and merchant groups Gradual growth of urban facilities

Urban infrastructure in Korean cities: wall, bell tower , icehouse; Education facilities and Confucian spirit in the long dynasties; Chinese-style emperor’s mausoleum and residential houses

Mountain Fortress in Korea 1Mountain Fortress in Korea 1Pusan TV TowerPusan TV Tower

Mountain Fortress in Korea 2Mountain Fortress in Korea 2

SeoulSeoul

City Construction and Techniques City Construction and Techniques in Early Koreain Early Korea

Heating System

Ice House

Korean Cities in the Long Period DynastiesKorean Cities in the Long Period Dynasties

Koryo(Korean)Dynasty(918-1392） Urban culture directly influenced by Chinese empires (law and

examination system); Capital construction and new urban functions (261 fortresses) against invasion from Japan Urban Policies of the Centralized Government Strengthened central power and the policy of appeasement; Korean Long Wall and the correspondent city system (5

centers and prefecture-county system) Urban construction and economic Development Capital location and construction based on Fengshui concept ; Ceremonial orders and cultural buildings inside cities (Bell Tower, about 362 Confucian Temples in the peninsular);

The Long Wall in North Korea

The Confucian School in Seoul

Urban Culture in Korean CitiesUrban Culture in Korean Cities

Cultural Heritage ProtectionCultural Heritage ProtectionCheonggyecheon Reform

Traditional life of Korean CitizensTraditional life of Korean Citizens