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&&lrH¥$îUm` Z‘…&&&&lr‘XmMm`©MaUH$‘boä`mo Z‘…&&

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CnH«$‘ : ‘hmà w lrdëb^mMm ©MaUHo$ {ÛVr`mË‘O Jmoñdm‘r lr{dÆ>bZmW à wMaU

Ûmam {da{MV "{dÛÝ‘ÊS >Z' "^pŠVh §g' "^pŠVh oV w {ZU ©`' Ed §"‘wpŠVVmaVå`{Zê$nU‘²' Bg gåàXm`Ho$ àW‘ dmXJ«ÝW h¢. BZHo$ ~mXAdVmadmXmdbrH$ma Jmoñdm‘r lrnwéfmoÎm‘Orgo nyd©dVu ^r VWm níMmX²dVu ^rH${Vn` {dÛmZm|Ho$ Ûmam dmXe¡br‘| hr {da{MV Hw$N> AÝ` r J«ÝW Bg gåàXm`‘|CnbãY hmoVo h¢. CnXoemË‘H$ {dnwb àH$aUJ«ÝWamerHo$ àUoVm ‘hmZw md lrh[aam`OrÛmam ^r {da{MV VWm Bg IÊS>‘| àH$mí`‘mZ "~«ô‘dmX' Zm‘H$ nÚmË‘H$ VWmJÚmË‘H$ Xmo bKw dmXJ«ÝW `hm§ {deofV… CëboIZr` bJVo h¢. Bgr Vah AÝ`^r Hw$N> dmXJ«ÝW AdVmadmXmdbrgo ^r nyd©H$m{bH$ ^r VWm níMmËH$m{bH$ ^raMZm | h¢ Omo `hm§ àH$m{eV hmoZo Om ahr h¢.

"~«ô‘dmX' nXgo A{^àoV AW© : lm¡V gm{hË`‘| "~«ô‘dmX' `m "~«ô‘dmXr' g§kmHo$ AÝVJ©V "~«ô‘' nX O¡go

na‘VÎdH$m dmMH$ ‘mZm J`m h¡ d¡go hr ñd § doXH$m dmMH$ ^r ‘mZm J`m h¡.`Wm Cn{ZfXm|‘| hr O~ ídoVmídVamon{ZfX²Ho$ ""~«ô‘dmXr nyN>Vo h¢ {H$ h‘mamH$maU^yV VÎd Š`m h¡? ~«ô‘ Š`m-H¡$gm h¡? h‘ H$hm§go n¡Xm hþdo h¢?{H$gHo$ AmYmana Or aho h¢? h‘ H$hm§ gåà{V{ð>V h¢?'' (ídoVm.Cn.1&1)Bg dMZ‘| Omo ~«ô‘{Okmgm àH$Q> hþ r h¡ Vmo `hm§ "~«ô‘'nXH$mo na‘VÎdH$mA{^Ym`H$ g‘PZm Mm{h o. O~{H$ N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX²Ho$ ""~«ô‘dmXr H$hVo h¢{H$ dgwAm|H$m àmV…gdZ hmoVm h¡ Am¡a éÐm|H$m {XZHo$ ‘Ü`môZ‘|...''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.2&24&1) Vmo Eogo dMZm|‘| "~«ô‘'nXH$mo doXm|H$s eãXamerHo$A{^Ym`H$V`m hr ñdrH$maZm C{MV bJVm h¡.

F$½doXH$s g§{hVm‘|, AVEd, O~ EH$ Jå^ra Xme©{ZH$ àíZ ‘Zr{f`m|Ho$g§‘wI {d‘em©W© àñVwV {H$`m J`m {H$ ""{H$g dZ‘| go, H$m¡Zgo d¥jH$mo VameH$a o ÚwbmoH$ Am¡a n¥{WdrbmoH$ g§dmao J o h¢? Aao ‘Zr{fAmo H$^r AnZo‘Zgo ^r nyN> H$a Vmo XoImo {H$ BZ wdZm|H$mo VameZodmboZo H$hm§ I‹S>o hmo H$aBÝh| Vamem Wm'' (F$Šg§{h.10&8&4) Am¡a V~ CgHo$ g‘mYmZV`m OmoV¡{Îmar`~«mô‘UZo g¡ÕmpÝVH$ KmofUm H$s {H$ ""dh dZ ~«ô‘ Wm, dh d¥j ^rñd`§ ~«ô‘ Wm, {Ogo Vame H$a `o ÚwbmoH$ Am¡a n¥{WdrbmoH$ g§dmao J`o.‘Zr{fAmo ‘¢ AnZo ‘Z‘| {ZJy‹T> ahñ` ~Vm o XoVm hþ§ {H$ BÝh| VameZodmbo ~«ô‘Zoñd § AnZo D$na I‹S>o hmo H$a BZ wdZm|H$mo Vamem h¡'' (V¡{Îm.~«mô‘.2&8&9&7)Vmo Bg dMZH$mo h‘| ~«ô‘dmXH$m ‘m¡{bH$ CX²Kmof hr ‘mZZm n‹S>Vm h¡.

gwñnï> eãXm|‘| Bg lw{VdMZ‘| g¥{ï>Ho$ A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZV`m ~«ô‘H$mà{VnmXZ hmo ahm h¡. AVEd A§emË‘Zm ~«ô‘H$m n[aUmå wnmXmZ hmoZm, A§erH$Vm© VWm Cg g¥{ï>H$Vm©Ho$ AmYmaV`m ^r EH$‘mÌ ñdmË‘à{V{ð>V ~«ô‘H$mo hrñdrH$maZm, H$m`©-H$maUHo$ ~rM ^oXg{hîUw A^oXê$n VmXmËå` `m ^mdmË‘H$AÛ¡V ñdrH$maZm, `o hr Vmo ~«ô‘dmXHo$ à‘wI ‘wÔo h¢. `m| ñ’w$Q>V‘ eãXm|‘|~«ô‘dmXHo$ {gÕmÝVH$m {Zê$nU hr Bg dMZ‘| hþdm h¡, `h ñdrH$maZm Mm{h o.

Bg dMZH$m g§dmX ^r nwZ… F$½doX‘| nwéfgyŠVHo$ AYmo{Z{X©ï> dMZHo$ gmW{Z{d©dmX PbH$Vm hr h¡ ""`h g^r Hw$N> nwéf hr h¡, Mmho H$moB© dñVw yVH$mbrZhmo `m ^{dî`ËH$mbrZ. dh nwéf Vmo Eogr A‘¥VVmH$m B©ída h¡ Omo AÝZ `mAÝZ‘` àm{UAm|‘| ^r {Vamo{hV hmo Zht nmVm. Š`m|{H$ CgH$s ì`mnH$‘{h‘m hr Eogr h¡. AÝ`Wm dh Vmo ñd`§ Bggo ^r H$ht A{YH$ ì`mnH$nwéf h¡. Š`m|{H$ CgHo$ EH$ nmX‘| o gmao ‘Ë © yV Am OmVo h¢ Am¡a CgHo$VrZ nmX Vmo A‘¥V ÚwbmoH$‘| hr ahVo h¢'' (F$Šg§{h.10&90&2-3).

Bg F$Šg§{hVmHo$ dMZ‘| ^r ~«ô‘H$m A§eoZ OJXmË‘Zm n[aUV hmoZm, Cgn[aUV OJV²Ho$ yVH$mb dV©‘mZH$mb Am¡a ^{dî`ËH$mb ‘| n[apÀN>ÝZ hmoZona^r {ZOH$maUmË‘Zm H$mbÌ`mVrV `m An[apÀN>ÝZ ^r hmoZm; AWm©V² g¥{ï>JV

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AÝZ VWm AÝZ‘` àm{Un ©ÝV H$m {ZO CnmXmZH$maUgo A{^ÝZ hmoZm `m CgH$maUnwéfH$m BZ‘| A{Vamo{hV hmoZm; AVEd H$m`m©Ë‘Zm n[aUV hmoZona ^rA§{eê$noU ‘yb H$maUH$m H$m`m©VrV ^r hmoZm, BË`m{X AZoH$ nhbw ~«ô‘dmXHo$`hm§ BX{‘ËWå^mdoZ {ZYm©[aV hmo OmVo h¢.

‘yb‘| `hr H$maU h¡ {H$ doXmW©{dMma‘| àd¥Îm ‘h{f© O¡{‘{Z Am¡a ‘h{f©~mXam`U ""AWmVmo Y‘©{Okmgm'' (ny.‘r.gy.1&1&1) gyÌ‘| Cg doXmW©H$mo Y‘©V`m{Zê${nV H$aZoHo$ ~mdOyX CÎma‘r‘m§gmgyÌ‘| doXm|Ho$ dmÀ`mW© yV na‘VÎdH$m A{^YmZ^r "~«ô‘'nXÛmam hr H$aVo h¢ ""AWmVmo ~«ô‘{Okmgm'' (~«.gy.1&1&1). AVEd^JdX²JrVmHo$ ^r ""H$‘© ~«ô‘go àH$Q> hmoVm h¡ Am¡a ~«ô‘ Aja~«ô‘go. AV…gd©JV ~«ô‘ Vmo `km|‘| ^r {ZË` à{V{ð>V ahVm h¡'' (^J.JrVm.3&15) BgdMZ‘| ^r Bgr VÏ`H$mo g‘W©Z {‘b ahm h¡.

~«ô‘‘r‘m§gm hmoZoHo$ H$maU ‘ybV… g^r doXmÝVgåàXm`m|H$m ~«ô‘dmXrhmoZm Amdí`H$ h¡ :

BZ dMZm|H$mo ^br^m§{V Ñ{ï>JV H$aZona d¡go Vmo doX-doXmÝVHo$ g^rgåàXm`m|H$m ~«ô‘dmXr hmoZm An[ahm © bJVm h¡. {’$a^r lw{Và{Vnm{XV ~«ô‘dmXHo$ñdê$n m ñdmañ` na bú` XoZona {H$go ~«ô‘dmXr ‘mZZm m {H$go Z ‘mZZm h{df` ^r {deX {d‘e©H$s Anojm Vmo aIVm hr h¡.

‘hmà wH$m Vmo Bg {df`‘| `hr ñnï> A{^àm` h¡ {H$ dmMH$ lw{VeãX Am¡aCZgo dmÀ`mW©^yV VÎd XmoZm|H$s "~«ô‘'nXdmÀ`Vm bú`JV H$aZona XmoZm| hrVÎd BVaoVamË‘H$ hmoZona ^r brb`m Û¡V^mdmnÝZ hþdo h¢. AVEd ‘hmà w H$hVoh¢ ""ê$nànÄMH$mo àH$Q> H$aZoHo$ ~mX Cg‘| AmgŠV hmo OmZodmbo AnZo{MX§em|H$s {df`mgpŠVH$mo jrU ~ZmZoH$mo AWm©V² OrdmË‘mAm|Ho$AÝV…H$aU‘| na‘mË‘mH$m Hw$N> AmH$bZ hmo nm o EVXW© na‘mË‘mZo AnZo-AmnH$mo lw{VHo$ eãXm|Ho$ ê$n‘| àH$Q> {H$`m.'' (V.Xr.{Z.2&18). ‘hmà w,AVEd, ~«ô‘gyÌ^mî`‘| Cg na‘VÎdH$m {dMma BVaà‘mU{Zanoj {ZOmË‘mZw y{V{gÕVÎdHo$ ê$n‘| H$aZoHo$ ~Om` doXmÝVm{X emñÌm|Ho$ à‘o V`m hr H$aZm MmhVo h¢ :

""`hm§ `h {dMmaUr` bJVm h¡ {H$ doXmÝVm|H$m {dMma Amaå^H$aZm Mm{h`o AWdm Zht?... Hw$N> {dÛmZ² Eogm gmoMVo h¢ {H$doXmW©Ho$ Ho$db kmZ‘mÌ àmßV H$aZoH$mo doXmÝVH$m {dMma H$aZmAmdí`H$ Zht h¡. Am¡a Š`m|{H$ ~«ô‘Ho$ Abmdm Am¡a Vmo {H$grH$mApñVËd hr Z hmoZogo Am¡a dh ~«ô‘ Vmo ñd § h‘mao ^rVa AmË‘V`mAdpñWV ^r h¡ hr, AV… ~«ô‘kmZmW© hr {dMma Amdí`H$ hmoVmh¡... h YmaUm, naÝVw, C{MV Zht bJVr h¡. Š`m|{H$ AnZr ~w{ÕgodoXmW©H$s n[aH$ënZm H$aHo$ Ho$db VXW© {dMma H$aZm H¡$go C{MVhmo gH$Vm h¡? lw{V‘| Vmo gwñnï> eãXm|‘| H$hm J`m h¡ {H$ "CgAm¡n{ZfX nwéfHo$ ~mao‘| Hw$N> nyN>Zm MmhVm hþ§' AV… Bg dMZHo$AmYmana ~«ô‘ Vmo Ho$db Cn{ZfXm|H$m hr à‘o {gÕ hmoVm h¡. EogoCg à‘o`H$mo AÝ` emñÌm|go H¡$go OmZm Om gH$Vm h¡. AV… `h~«ô‘‘r‘m§gm H$moB© ñdVÝÌ emñÌ hmo Vmo CgHo$ AmYmana {‘bVm kmZ~«ô‘kmZ Zht ‘mZm Om gH$Vm... AV… doXmW©ê$n ~«ô‘H$mdoXmZwHy$b {dMma hr h‘mao{b`o H$V©ì`V`m Ad{eï> ah OmVm h¡.Eogr pñW{V‘| doXdMZm|H$s Ho$db ì`m»`m H$aZm hr h‘mam H$V©ì`~Z OmVm h¡. Š`m|{H$ ì`m»`m H$aZogo dMZm|Ho$ {deof A{^àm`àH$Q> hmo nmVo h¢.''

(~«.gy.^m.1&1&1).

AVEd H$hm Om gH$Vm h¡ {H$ dmëb^ doXmÝV‘| ~«ô‘H$m lm¡V eãXm|go Jå``m àH$mí` hmoZm, ~«ô‘H$s ñdàH$meê$nVmH$m hr EH$ brbmË‘H$ {dñVma h¡.^JdËnmX lre§H$amMm ©Ho$ {ZVmÝV ‘ZZr` dMZm|Ho$ gmW Bg YmaUmH$m g§dmX^r AdbmoH$Zr` h¡ ""B©ídaH$mo OJV²H$m H$Vm© ‘mZZodmbo OJV²Ho$ OÝ‘Am{XH$mo hoVw ~Zm H$a CgHo$ H$Vm© hmoZoH$m AZw‘mZ H$aVo h¢, naÝVw EogmAZw‘mZ doXmÝVgyÌm|‘| {H$`m Zht OmVm h¡. Š`m|{H$ o doXmÝVgyÌ Vmo nwînmon‘doXmÝVHo$ dMZm|H$s ‘mbm Jy§WZoH$mo hr àd¥Îm hþdo h¢ Z{H$ AZw‘mZ Am{X ñdVÝÌà‘mUm|Ho$ ~bna ~«ô‘H$m kmZ àmßV H$aZo. OJV²H$mo ~«ô‘‘| go CËnÝZ hþdm,dht pñWV Am¡a AÝV‘| dht brZ hmoZoH$m à{VnmXZ H$aZodmbo doXmÝVHo$

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dMZm|Ho$ AmYmana Cg VÏ`Ho$ ÑT>rH$aUmW© `{X H$moB© AZw‘mZ {H$`m OmVmhmo Vmo dh Amn{ÎmOZH$ Zht hmoVm'' (~«.gy.em§.^m.1&1&2).

AVEd bmoH$‘| àË`jm{X à‘mUmog| Jå` AWm©V² AZw y{VJmoMa hmoVo {df`m|H$m^r lm¡V eãXm|go JmoMa ~«mpô‘H$ ê$n, H$Xm{MV² bm¡{H$H$ à‘mUm|go ~mÜ`V`màVrV hmoVm hmoZona ^r, dñVwV… ~mYmh© Zht ‘mZm OmVm. CXmhaUV`m gd©WmdmñV{dH$V`m àVrV hmoVo dñÌm{X{Z{‘©V nwînJwÀN>m|H$m MjwJmoMa ê$n, ËdMmgoJmoMa ~ZVr AnZr dñÌmonmXmZmË‘H$VmH$mo ~m{YV Zht H$a nmVm. AV… {ZîH$f©ê$noUXmo ‘hÎdnyU© {dYmZ ‘hmà w H$aVo h¢ :

1.{OZ lw{VHo$ dMZm|‘| ~«ô‘H$m OJV²H$m H$maU hmoZmà{Vnm{XV hþdm h¡, dhm§ ‘w»`mW©H$m ~mY Zht H$aZm Mm{h o, Š`m|{H$lw{V‘| ~«ô‘Ho$ hr H$m ©V`m OJV²H$m à{VnmXZ {H$`m J`m h¡. AV…Eogo Vmo ‘mZm Zht ‘mZm Om gH$Vm {H$ AZm{X A{dH$mar ~«ô‘‘|CËn{Îm{dZmeembr {dH$mar OJV²Ho$ ApñVËdHo$ {ZfoYmW© hrCËn{ÎmH$m {Zê$nU {H$`m J`m h¡. Š`m|{H$ V~ Vmo OJV²H$s gÎmmàË`jmZw^y{V‘| dmñV{dH$ Zht bJZr Mm{h`o Wr. `{X Ho$dbdoX~mo{YV hmoZogo OJV²H$s àVr{V hmoVr hmo V~ Vmo dh H$Wm gå^dhmo nmVr {H$ OJV²Ho$ {ZfoY H$aZogo nhbo doX Cgo à{Vnm{XV H$a ahoh¢ Am¡a ~mX‘| {ZfoY. OJV²H$s àVr{V Vmo AÝ`Wm ^r bmoH${gÕ hrh¡. AV… Eogo OJV²H$m H$Vm© H$m¡Z hmo gH$Vm h¡, `h bmoH$àVr{VHo$AmYmana {gÕ Z hmoVm hmoZogo, dhr VÏ` doXÛmam {Zê${nV hmo ahmh¡. bmoH$àVr{V{gÕ OJV²H$m AZwdmX H$a, AVEd, CgHo$ g‘dm`rH$Vm©H$m à{VnmXZ hr doXm{^àoV bJVm h¡. Eogr pñW{V‘| `{X ñd §doX OJV²H$m {ZfoY H$aZo bJo Vmo OJÐÿn H$m ©Ho$ Vmo {dÚ‘mZV`màVr{VJmoMa hmoZogo Am¡a AÝ` {H$gr VahHo$ H$m`©Ho$ `m H$Vm©Ho${dÚ‘mZ Z hmoZoHo$ H$maU ñd § lw{VH$m {dd{jV AW© hr ~m{YV hmoOm`oJm.''

2.""OJV²Ho$ àË oH$ {df` nañna g‘mZ hr hmoVo h¢. CZ‘| {H$grVahH$m VmaVå` Zht hmoVm. AVEd hm§ g^r Hw$N> AIÊS> H¥$îUê$n

hr hmoVm h¡. dhr na‘mË‘m h g~ Hw$N> ~Zm h¡. gd© dZg‘W© hmoZogodhr àH$Q> H$aZodmbm Am¡a àH$Q> hmoZodmbm ^r ~ZVm h¡. {dídmË‘mhmoZoHo$ H$maU dhr g^r ê$nm|‘| nm{bV ^r hmo ahm h¡ Am¡a nmbH$ ^rdhr h¡. na‘oída hmoZoHo$ H$maU dh ñd § Cng§öV ^r hmoVm h¡ Am¡adhr Cng§hmaH$ ^r ~ZVm h¡. "AmË‘¡d VX² BX§ gd©‘²'-"~«ô‘¡d VX²BX§' BZ lw{VAm|Ho$ AmYmana Eogm hr {gÕ hmoVm h¡. BgrH$mo"~«ô‘dmX' H$hVo h¢. Am¡a Vmo gmar ~mV| ‘mohZmW© hr H$pënV bJVrh¢''.

(V.Xr.{Z.à.1&83,2&182-184).

AVEd ‘hmà^w H$hVo h¢ ""^JdmZ² H¥$îU Eogo AX² wVH$‘m© h¢ {H$ Omoñd § AnZo {Xì` ê$n-Zm‘m|Ho$ {d oXH$mo àH$Q> H$a H«$s‹S>m H$aVo h¢. do ñd §àmH¥$V ê$n-Zm‘m|dmbo OJV²H$m ^r ê$n YmaU H$a H«$s‹S>m H$aVo h¢. do {H$gr^r VahHo$ ê$n-Zm‘m|H$mo YmaU {H$ o {~Zm r AnZr A{dÚm epŠVHo$ ÛmamOrdmË‘mHo$ ^rVa d¡gr AZw y{V ^r àH$Q> H$a gH$Vo h¢''. (V.Xr.{Z.1&1).

AV… g^r Hw$N> ~«ô‘monmXmZH$ hmoZogo ~«mpô‘H$ hmoVm h¡, gpÀMXmZÝXê$n~«ô‘H$s Am§{eH$ gÎmm Am§{eH$ M¡VÝ` Am¡a Am§{eH$ AmZÝX go àH$Q> hmoVrbrbm hr BZ AZoH${dY Zm‘-ê$n-H$‘m]Ho$ ê$nm|‘| A{^ì`ŠV hmo ahr h¡. AÝV‘|^r gpÀMXmZÝXmË‘H$ ~«ô‘‘| hr `h g~ Hw$N> brZ hmoZodmbm h¡. AV… Ho$dbà‘mU-à‘o m|H$s {d{^ÝZVm‘| hr Zht A{nVw gmYZ-’$bm|H$s AZoH${dYVm‘| ^r~«mpô‘H$ brbmg§H$ënH$m AZw md hr àH$Q> hmoVm ‘mZZm Amdí`H$ hmo OmVm h¡.AVEd ‘hmà w H$hVo h¢ :

""doXHo$ nyd©H$mÊS>‘| lrh[aHo$ {H«$`mepŠVê$n `kê$nm|H$m{dYmZ hþdm h¡. doXHo$ CÎmaH$mÊS>‘| lrh[aHo$ kmZ Am¡a ko` `m|C^`epŠVê$n ~«ô‘ñdê$nH$m à{VnmXZ hþdm h¡. BZ {H«$`mepŠVAm¡a kmZepŠV XmoZm|go {d{eï> AdVmar lrh[aH$m ^mJdVnwamU‘|lrH¥$îUHo$ ê$n‘| {Zê$nU hþdm h¡. gy m©{X AZoH$ XodVmAm|Ho$ ê$nm|H$moYmaU H$aZodmbo VÎmÐÿn lrh[aH$m VÎmV² nwamUm|‘| {Zê$nU

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kmZH$mÊS>Ho$ A§JV`m hþdm h¡. d¡go Vmo BZ‘|go {H$gr ^r ê$n‘| ^OZgå^d h¡ {’$a^r Am{X‘y{V© lrH¥$îU hr gm wÁ`H$m‘Zmde godZr`hmoZo Mm{h`o. Š`m|{H$ àH¥${VH$s JwUÌ`rgo AVrV ‘wpŠV Vmo BgràH¥${Vgo AVrV na‘VÎdHo$ H$maU hmoVr h¡... AVEd Omo Bg VahHo$g^r Zm‘-ê$n-H$‘m]go A{^ÝZVmH$mo OmZ H$a ^r lrH¥$îUHo$^OZ‘| VËna hmo nmVm h¡ Cggo ~‹T> H$a kmZr AÝ` H$m¡Z hmo gH$Vmh¡''

(V.Xr.{Z.1&11-14).

"~«ô‘dmX'H$m ’${bVmW© à‘mU à‘o` gmYZ `m ’$b g^rH$s~«ô‘mË‘H$VmH$m A§JrH$ma :

AWm©V² Bg g¥{ï>‘| à‘mU à‘o gmYZ Am¡a ’$b g^r Hw$N> ~«ô‘mË‘H$ h¢.AVEd ^mî`‘| `h H$hm J`m h¡ :

"""Cgo EH$m{H$V`m a‘U H$aZm gwhm`m Zht, Cgo XygaoH$sA{^bmfm hþ r Am¡a `h {XIbm`r XoVm gmam OJV² dhr ~Z J`m',Eogo lw{VdMZm|Ho$ AmYmana, "D$na CR>mZo `m ZrMo nQ>H$Zo H$mo dhrh‘go AÀN>o/~wao H$‘© H$admVm h¡' Eogo dMZm|Ho$ ^r AmYmana CZ-CZ gmYZm|H$mo H$adm H$a CZ-CZ ’$bm|H$m XmZ XoVo ^`o ^JdmZ²AnZr H«$s‹S>mHo$ hoVw OJV²Ho$ ê$n‘| Am{d y©V hmo H$a H«$s‹S>m H$aVo h¢,Eogm d¡{XH$m|H$m {ZYm©a h¡.''

(~«.gy.^m.1&1&11). AVEd ‘hmà wZo h à{Vnm{XV {H$`m h¡ ""AnZr ñd §H$s BÀN>mHo$ AZwê$n

Ap½Z‘|go {MZJmarH$s Vah gpÀMXmZÝXê$n ~«ô‘Ho$ gX§e‘| go O‹S> nXmW©àH$Q> hmoVo h¢, {MX§e‘| go OrdmË‘m VWm AmZÝXm§e‘|go OrdmË‘mHo$ ^rVa{dÚ‘mZ AÝV`m©{‘ê$n na‘mË‘m B©ída'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&27-29). AV… g¥{ï>‘|O‹S>-Ord-B©ída VrZm|H$s ~«ô‘mË‘H$Vm {XIbmZoH$mo lw{VdMZ‘| AmVm h¡ {H$""EoVXmËå`‘² BX§ gdª, g AmË‘m, VV² (EoVXmËå`‘²) Ëd‘² A{g''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&8&7). Bg gÝX ©‘| ‘hmà w H$hVo h¢ :

"""`hm§ g^r Hw$N> ~«ô‘mË‘H$ h¡' Eogm H$h H$a nhbo gX§eê$nO‹S>H$s ~«ô‘mË‘H$Vm {XIbm`r J`r. O‹S>ê$n H$m`m]‘| {H$gr VahHo$Xmof Z hmoZoH$m VÏ` Cgo "dh gË` h¡' H$h H$a {XIbm`m J`m h¡.{MX§e Ordm|H$s ~«ô‘mË‘H$Vm {XIbmZogo nyd© ~rM‘| "BZH$s AmË‘mVmo dhr h¡' `h H$h H$a hoVw {XIbm`m {X`m J`m h¡. `m| O‹S>ê$nH$m`m]H$s ~«ô‘mË‘H$Vm {XIbm H$a Ordê$n A§em|H$s ^r~«ô‘mË‘H$Vm {XIbmZoH$mo hr "dhr Vw‘ hmo' H$hm Om ahm h¡. `hCnXoemË‘H$ dMZ h¡ Eogm "Amd¥{Îm… AgH¥$X² CnXoemX²' Bg~«ô‘gyÌHo$ AmYmana {gÕ hmoVm h¡. AV… `h gånyU© ‘hmdmŠ`CnXoe h¡. Bg‘| O¡go gX§eHo$ ~ma o‘ | "E oVXmËå`‘²' nX‘|^mJË`mJbjUm Zht ‘mZr d¡go hr {MX§eHo$ ~mao‘| Zht ‘mZZrMm{h o Wr... Š`m|{H$ g^r Hw$N> ~«ô‘ h¡, `h H$hZoH$mo hr OrdH$s~«ô‘Vm {Zê${nV hþ`r h¡''.

(V.Xr.{Z.à.1&61-62).

AWm©V² Ho$dbmÛ¡VmZwamoYr ì`m»`mZH$s Ñ{ï>go {dMma| Vmo dhm§ "BX§'nXgoB§{JV gX§e OS> nXmW©H$s ~«ô‘mË‘H$Vm ""gm§PHo$ Yw§YbHo$‘| {Ogo bwQ>oam g‘Paho Wo dh gyIo d¥jH$m Ry>§R> h¡'' Eogo ~mYmW©gm‘mZm{YH$aÊ`Ý`m oZ ‘mZr OmVrh¡ O~{H$ "Ëd§'nXgo B§{JV hmoVo {MX§e Ord nXmW©H$s ~«ô‘mË‘H$Vm ""{OgXodXÎmH$mo nhbo H$^r nQ>Zm‘| XoIm Wm dhr A~ H$mer‘| {XIbm`r Xo ahm h¡''Eogr ^mJË`mJbjUmHo$ AmYmana ‘mZr OmVr h¡. `m| EH$ hr dmŠ`‘| EH$hob`mCn{Xï> ~«ô‘mË‘H$VmH$m Xmo Vahgo {dYmZ ‘mZZo‘| Ag‘ÄOgVm PbH$Vr h¡.AV… Eogr ì`m»`mZar{V AnZmZoHo$ ~Om` F$Ow‘mJ©H$m AZwgaU H$aVo hþdo gX§eAm¡a {MX§e XmoZm|H$mo g‘mZV`m ~«ô‘mË‘H$ ‘mZZm A{YH$ Cn wŠV bJVm h¡.

AV… "~«ô‘dmX'nXH$m ’${bVmW© hmoJm Eogm dmX {H$ {Og‘| g^r Hw$N>~«ô‘monmXmZH$V`m ~«ô‘mË‘H$ ‘mZm OmVm hmo.

9 10

~«ô‘dmX gmH$ma~«ô‘dmXHo$ ê$n‘| : àVrV hmoVm h¡ {H$ Jmoñdm‘r lr{dÆ>bZmW à wMaUZo ^r AnZo "{dÛÝ‘ÊS>Z'

Zm‘H$ J«ÝW‘| Vmo "~«ô‘dmX' g§kmH$m hr ñd‘VHo$ A{^YmZmW© à`moJ àmaå^‘|n`m©ßV ‘mZm Wm. ~mX‘| H$^r AnZo {nV¥MaUHo$ Aï>moÎmaeV Zm‘m|dmbo "gdm}Îm‘'Zm‘H$ ñVmoÌ‘| Bg "~«ô‘dmX' g§kmHo$ gmW "gmH$ma' {deofU Am¡a Omo‹S>m""gmH$ma~«ô‘dmX¡H$ñWmnH$…'' (gdm}.ñVmo.8). dh Bg ñVmoÌHo$ hr‘§JbmMaUJV ""~«ô‘ àmH¥$V Y‘m]H$m Aml` Zht hmoVm Am¡a AàmH¥$V{ZpIb-Y‘©ê$n hmoVm h¡, Eogm {ZJ‘m|‘o à{VnmÚ ewÕ gmH$ma VÎd dhh¡'' (gdm}.ñVmo.1) Eogr nXmdbrHo$ AÝVJ©V à wŠV "ewÕ" Ed§ "gmH$ma' ê$nXmoZm| nXm|Ho$ Ñ‹T>rH$aUmW© h¡. `h nwZ… ~«ô‘ AnZo H$maUñdê$nV`m àmH¥$V `m‘m{`H$ JwUY‘m]H$m Aml` Z hmo H$a AàmH¥$V JwUY‘m]H$m VmXmËå`oZ Aml`hmoVm h¡, Bg VÏ`Ho$ CnnmXZmW© h¡.

d¡go BgH$m ^r Am¡{MË` Vmo ñd § ‘hmà wH$s ""ewÕ ~«ô‘ gmH$ma hmoVmh¡, ‘m`m Vmo CgH$s CÎm‘ epŠVê$nm hmoVr h¡, Cg ‘m`mHo$ H$maU AkmZrOrdm|‘| gd©Ì {df`gå‘moh nZn OmVm h¡ {Og ‘mohgo gmjmX² ^pŠV Ûmamhr H$moB© ‘wŠV hmo nmVm h¡'' (gw~mo.1&7&4) Bg H$m[aH$mHo$ AmYmana ^r {gÕVmo hmoVm hr h¡. BgHo$ Abmdm ñd § ~«ô‘gyÌ ""gmjmX{n A{damoY§ O¡{‘{Z…''(~«.gy.1&2&28) Ho$ ^mî`‘| ~«ô‘H$s gmH$maVm `m gmH$maH$s ~«ô‘Vm H$m {dMmaH$aVo hþdo ^mî`H$maZo VrZ gå^m{dV d¡H$pënH$ nj {JZm o h¢ : 1~«ô‘ ñdoÀN>`mAmH$maJ«hU H$aVm h¡ 2~«ô‘ naoÀN>`m VÎmX{YH$mam|Ho$ AZwamoYde VÎmÁOrd¡H$J«mh²AmH$madmZ² ~ZVm h¡ 3~«ô‘ AnZo {dbjU ñdê$n `m ñd^md Ho$ AZwgma gmH$ma^r h¡ Am¡a AmH$mam|Ho$ n[aÀN>oXgo a{hV ì`mnH$ ^r. Bg gÝX^©‘| ^mî`H$maZo`Ú{n ~«ô‘gyÌH$ma ~mXam`UH$mo lw{VHo$ eãX~bna Am{lV hmoZodmbo ~«ô‘‘r‘m§gH$‘mZm, Vmo O¡{‘{ZH$mo eãX Am¡a AW© m| C^`~bna Am{lV hmoZodmbo, Amí‘aÏ`H$moeãXH$mo Jm¡U ‘mZ H$a AW©~bna Am{lV hmoZodmbo ~«ô‘‘r‘m§gH$, Vmo ~mX[aH$moHo$db AW©~bna Am{lV hmoZodmbo ~«ô‘‘r‘m§gH$ ‘mZm. BZ Mmam|‘| ‘h{f© ~mXam`UAm¡a ‘h{f© O¡{‘{Z H$s {MÝVZàUmbr‘| à oX hmoZona ^r XmoZmoHo$ {ZîH$f© g‘mZh¢ `h à{VnmXZ H$aVo hþdo ^mî`H$ma H$hVo h¢ ""O¡{‘{ZH$m ^r {gÕmÝV

gmH$ma~«ô‘dmX hr h¡'' (~«.gy.^m.1&2&28) AWm©V² ‘h{f© ~mXam`UH$mo OmoA{^‘V h¡.

Bg‘| ^r bú`‘| aIZo bm`H$ VÏ` `hr h¡ {H$ H$m ©g¥{ï>‘| àË`jV`m J¥hrVhmoVo ê$n Zm‘ H$‘© Am{X JwUY‘m]Ho$ ~rO `{X H$maUVÎd‘| {Z{hV Z ‘mZ| VmoAmH$pñ‘H$ ‘mZZo n‹S>|Jo. Bg AmH$pñ‘H$VmH$mo ^r AmH$pñ‘H$ ‘mZZm Vmo h‘maoX¡Z§{XZ AZw d-ì`dhmago {dg§JV Ñ{ï> hr AnZmZo O¡gr H$Wm ~Z OmVr h¡.BgHo$ ~Om` ~m¡Õ Xe©Z‘| àVrË`g‘wËnmX `m lm¡V Xe©Z‘| brbmW© Am{d^m©d-{Vamo^md Ho$ {Z`‘H$mo ñdrH$maZona AmH$pñ‘H$Vm ñd`§ AmH$pñ‘H$ Z hmo H$aAH$ñ‘mV² àVrV hmoVo H$m`m}ËnmX‘| {H$gr {ZJy‹T> hoVwH$mo B§{JV H$aVr gr bJVrh¡. AV… H$maU VÎd‘| {ZJy‹T> `m {Vamo{hV AmH$ma H$m ©‘| àH$Q> `m Am{d y©V hmoVo‘mZo J o h¢. `h {XIbmZoH$mo hr {nVm-nwÌ XmoZm| hr Cg ~«ô‘ê$n H$maUVÎdH$mo""ewÕ gmH$ma/gmH¥${V'' H$h aho h¢.

~«ô‘dmX ewÕmÛ¡VdmXHo$ ê$n‘| : AñVw. {’$a^r dmëb^ doXmÝVH$m `h {deofm{^YmZ CVZm àM{bV Zht hmo

nm`m {OVZm {H$ "ewÕmÛ¡VdmX' àM{bV hþdm. `h Vmo EH$ àH$Q> dmñV{dH$Vmhr h¡ {H$ BZ {nVm-nwÌm|Ho$ H$mb‘| {ZO‘VHo$ A{^YmZV`m "ewÕmÛ¡VdmX' g§km{ZYm©[aV hmo Zht nm`r Wr. dh Vmo ~hþV ~mX‘| VÎdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY`moOZmH$malr~mbH¥$îU ^Å> VWm apí‘H$ma lr`moJr JmonoídaOr Ho$ H$mb‘| àM{bV hþ`rhmoZr Mm{h o.

Bg Eo{Vhm{gH$ VÏ`H$m gdm©{YH$ à~b à‘mU h‘ AdVmadmXmdbrH$malrnwéfmoÎm‘OrHo$ J«ÝWm|‘| nmVo h¢. dhm§ H$ht "ewÕm oX' Vmo H$ht "ewÕmÛ`' VmoH$ht "ewÕmÛ¡V' Am{X A{Z`V nXm|H$m à`moJ {‘bVm h¡. dh ^r H$^r Vmoñd‘VHo$ ê$n‘|, Vmo H$^r em§H$a‘VHo$ A{^YmZmW© ^r à wŠV {XIbm`r XoVm h¡.AV… Bg VÏ`H$s nw{ï> hmoVr h¡. Bg A{ZpíMV à`moJmpÝd{VHo$ {ZXe©ZmW©""ewÕm oXdmX r Xwï> hmoZogo Ý`m`gm‘ÄOñ`mWª VmXmËå` hr A§JrH$ma H$aHo$lwË`W©H$m {ZU© H$aZm Mm{h o''-""à‘mU~bgo ewÕmÛ¡V ñdrH¥$V hmoZoHo$H$maU H$moB© Xmof Zht hmoVm'' (gw~mo.àH$m.2&1&5-6) o Xmo dMZ ^r n`m©ßV

11 12

h¢. h‘ XoI gH$Vo h¢ {H$ "ewÕm^oX' Am¡a "ewÕmÛ¡V' d¡go Vmo n`m©`dmMr nXhmoZona ^r {d{^ÝZmW©H$V`m BZ n§pŠV`m|‘| à wŠV hþdo h¢.

Bg àg§J‘|, {H$pÄMX² {df`mÝVaH$s j‘m`mMZmnyd©H$, `h ñnï>rH$aU XoXoZm Amdí`H$ bJVm h¡ {H$ gåà{V h‘ lrdëb^d§eO Jmoñdm{‘Am|H$s EH$‘mÌ{Zð>m ì`mdgm{`H$ hdo{bAm|‘| Y{ZH$m|H$s Am¡a gaH$mar ‘pÝÌAm|H$s MmQw>H$m[aVmÛmam AnZo bm^-nyOmH$s A{^d¥{Õ‘| hr AnZm na‘ lo ‘mZZoH$s ê$‹T> hmo J`rh¡. AV… gåàXm`àdV©H$ ‘ybmMm`m]H$mo ^r AnZo O¡gm hr h‘ ‘mZZo bJo h¢lre§H$amMm © lram‘mZwOm © AWdm lr‘ÜdmMm © Am{X {H$gr r AmMm ©Zo gaH$mar‘mÝ`VmHo$ de AmMm ©Ëdbm^ Zht {H$`m Wm. {’$a^r h‘| AnZr ‘mZ{gH$VmHo$AZwê$n, {H$ÝVw, Eogm bJVm h¡ {H$ ‘hmà wH$m AmMm ©Ëd VËH$mbrZ {H$gr amOm`m amÁ` Ûmam àXÎm `m ‘mÝ` Z hmoZona CZHo$ ‘mhmËå`‘| Hw$N> Ý`yZVm AmQ>nHo$Jr. AVEd {‘Ï`màMma H$aVo h¢ {H$ {dO`ZJagm‘«mÁ`Ûmam H$ZH$m{^foH$H$s{~éXmdbr‘| hr ""ewÕmÛ¡VgåàXm`àdV©H$'' {deofU ‘hmà wHo$ Zm‘Ho$ gmWOmo‹S>m J`m Wm O~{H$ ‘hmà wH$s X{jU`mÌmHo$ g‘` H¥$îUXodam` amOqghmgZnaAmê$‹T> Zhr hmo nm o Wo Am¡a O~ do Amê$‹T> hþdo V~ ‘hmà wHo$ X{jU`mÌmHo$d¥ÎmmÝV CnbãY Zht hmoVo do H¥$îU^ŠV Adí` Wo naÝVw lre§H$amMm ©H$mo hrAnZm Jwé ‘mZVo Wo `h em§H$a nrR>H$mo {X o J o Vm‘«nÌm|Ho$ AmYmana ñnï> hrh¡. gdm©{YH$ AmíM ©OZH$ ~mV Vmo `hr bJVr h¡ {H$ Z Vmo ‘hmà w Am¡a Zà wMaU Ho$ J«ÝWm|‘| "ewÕmÛ¡V' Zm‘ H$ht AnZo ‘VHo$ A{^YmZV`m CpëbpIVhþdm h¡

~mX‘|, O¡gm {H$ ‘hmà wH$s CpëbpIV H$m[aH$m ""ewÕ gmH$ma ~«ô‘''Ho$ nXm|Ho$ ’${bVmW©Ho$ ê$n‘| ~«ô‘mÛ¡VHo$ gmW "gmH$ma'Ho$ ~Om` "ewÕ' nXA{YH$ AW©dmhH$ bJVm hmoZogo ‘Ü`‘nXbmonZÛmam "ewÕmÛ¡V'dmX A{^YmZàM{bV hmo J`m. d¡go nm[a^m{fH$ nXHo$ ê$n‘| "ewÕmÛ¡VdmX' A{^YmZ nadVu{dÛmZm|H$s AÀN>r gyP~yP hmoZoHo$ H$maU J«mh² Va Vmo bJVm h¡ naÝVw dh H$Wm{^ÝZ h¡.

{’$a^r Cgo ‘ybmMm`m©^rï> {ZO‘VHo$ ñdê$nHo$ gÝX^©‘| bmoH$àM{bVì`m»`mgo Cgo n¥WŠV`m g‘P aIZm ^r Amdí`H$ bJVm h¡.

ewÕmÛ¡VdmX ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$maHo$ AZwgma : "ewÕmÛ¡VdmX'H$s bmoH$àM{bV ì`m»`m, "ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>' Zm‘H$

à{H«$`mJ«ÝWHo$ boIH$ lr{JaYaOr ({d.g§.1847) Ho$ Ûmam "ewÕ'nX Am¡a "AÛ¡V'nXHo$ nXH¥$Ë` XagmZoHo$ H$maU, bmoH$‘mZg‘| ê$‹T> hmo J`r h¡. AVEd "ewÕmÛ¡V'A{^YmZ ^r ewÕmÛ¡Vm{^‘V ~«ô‘H$s Vah ì`mnH$ ~Z J`m d¡go ñd § CÝhm|Zo ^rBVZm Vmo gwñnï> eãXm|‘| ñdrH$mam hr h¡-

""Zm‘ Am¡a ê$n, `m B©ída Am¡a Ord, AWdm H$m © Am¡a H$maU`m| Xmo ê$nm|‘| {OZ-{OZH$m kmZ hmoVm hmo CÝh| "ÛrV' H$hVo h¢. ÛrVhmoZm hr "Û¡V' H$hbmVm h¡. Omo Û¡V Z hmo Cgo "AÛ¡V' H$hm OmVm h¡.Eogm AÛ¡V "gdª Ibw BX§ ~«ô‘ VÁObmZ²' Bg lw{V‘| H$hm J`m h¡.Bg lw{VdMZ‘| gmao {dídH$m nhbo "BX§'nXgo nam‘e© hmo ahm h¡.nwZ… "gd©'nX Ûmam Bg {díd‘| Omo Hw$N> {XIbm`r `m gwZm`r XoVmh¡, Eogo {dídH$s g‘J«VmHo$ ~mao‘| ~moY hmoVm h¡. AV… g^r Hw$N>Ho$gZmVZ ~«ô‘ê$n hmoZoHo$ {dYmZ‘| XmoZm|H$m VmXmËå` à{Vnm{XV hmoahm h¡. ~«ô‘ê$n H$m ©H$m ~«ô‘ê$n hr H$maU hmoZm Mm{h o... dhr~«ô‘ gmH$ma gd©epŠV EH$‘od A{ÛVr` gd©k gd©H$Vm© Am¡agpÀMXmZÝXê$n hmoVm h¡. Eogo ~«ô‘‘|go `h OJV² CËnÝZ hþdm h¡.''

(ewÕm.‘mV©.3-8).

`h h‘ {Z…g§H$moM ñdrH$ma gH$Vo h¢ {H$ Bg VahH$s Vmo {gÕmÝV{ZépŠVZ Ho$db AVrd àm‘m{UH$ A{nVw A{Vñ’$sV VWm Adí`kmVì` h¡. ~mX‘|,naÝVw, Ohm§ {dMm`© ~«ô‘dmXHo$ à{VnjV`m VwbZmË‘H$ AmbmoMZmW© Omo‘m`mdmXH$m CnÝ`mg {H$`m J`m {H$-

""`ht em§H$a {dÛmZm|H$m H$hZm h¡ {H$ h OJV² ‘m{`H$ h¡ Zídah¡. ~«ô‘ Vmo ‘m`mHo$ gmW gå~ÝYHo$ H$maU hr OJV²H$m H$maU ~ZVmh¡. AÝ`Wm dh ~Z hr Zht gH$Vm... Eogo ‘VHo$ {ZagZHo$ {b`o"AÛ¡V'nXHo$ gmW "ewÕ'nX Omo‹S>m J`m h¡. AV… "ewÕmÛ¡V'nX‘|H$‘©Yma` g‘mg g‘PZm Mm{h o. AWdm ewÕ Ord Am¡a ewÕ ~«ô‘Ho$ AÛ¡VH$m à{VnmXZ {dd{jV ‘mZZona fð>rVËnwéf g‘mgHo$ Ûmam

13 14

^r `hr AW© àH$Q> hmo OmVm h¡. {OgH$m ‘m`mHo$ gmW gå~ÝY Z hmoCgo "ewÕ' H$hm OmVm h¡. H$m`©H$maUê$n ewÕ ~«ô‘ ‘m{`H$ ZhthmoVm, ewÕmÛ¡VH$s à{Vnm{XH$m lw{VH$m Eogm A{^àm` ‘mZm J`mh¡.''

(ewÕm.‘mV©.22-29).

Bg g‘mg Am¡a nXH¥$Ë` Ho$ à{VnmXZ‘|, ‘wPo AnZr Aën‘{VHo$ AZwgma,‘ybmMm`m]Ho$ A{^àm`go ~hþV d¡få` àVrV hmoVm h¡.

ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$maHo$ nXH¥$Ë`H$s g‘rjm : gd©àW‘ Amn{Îm Vmo "ewÕmÛ¡V'Ho$ nXH¥$Ë`‘| Omo ‘wPo bJVr h¡ dh `m| h¢ :

lwË`{^àoVV`m dmëb^ ‘VHo$ {b o A§JrH¥$V A{^YmZ "~«ô‘dmX' nXHo$ n`m© V`mhr "ewÕmÛ¡VdmX'nX `{X ‘mZm Om o Vmo CgHo$ Eogo nXH¥$Ë`Ho$ H$maU ì`m» o"~«ô‘dmX' nXH$m `h {ddaUê$n hmoZm Mm{h`o Z{H$ ‘m`mdmXHo$ AnmohZmW©H o $db. ""gmH$ma~«ô‘dmX¡H$ñWmnH$mo doXnmaJmo ‘m`mdmX{ZamH$Vm©gd©dm{X{ZamgH¥$V²'' (gdm}.ñVmo.8-9) dMZ‘| {Zê${nV ‘hmà^wHo$ Zm‘m|H$sg§J{VHo$ {dMmago AnmohZH$mo CnnÝZ ^r ‘mZ|, V~ ^r ~«ô‘dmXHo$ A§JrH$maÛmamAñdrH$aUr` AÝ` AZoH$ dmXm|Ho$ ~mao‘| Bg "ewÕmÛ¡V'nXH$mo ‘m¡Zd«VH$s XrjmAZw{MV bJVr h¡. AWm©V² ""‘m¡Z§ gå‘{VbjU‘²'' AZw{MV bJVm h¡.

Xygar Amn{Îm Bg VahHo$ AÝ`mnmohZmË‘H$ AW©dmbo nXH¥$Ë`‘| Omo ‘wPoAVrd AgÝVmofH$m[aUr bJVr h¡, dh `h {H$ doXmÝVHo$ g^r gåàXm`m|H$sAnZo-AnZo dmXm|Ho$ `m YmaUmAm|Ho$ àm‘m{UH$ hmoZoH$m à‘wI Xmdm Vmo ‘ybV…lw{V-ñ‘¥{V-gyÌ-nwamU-B{Vhmg-AmJ‘m{X emñÌdMZm|Ho$ g‘Ýd`àXe©Z ÛmamEH$ {ZpíMV ‘VH$s KmofUmH$m hr hmoZm Mm{h`o. Z{H$ EH$Xo{eAm|Ho$ Amngr‘V oXm|Ho$ {ZagZmW© AV… Bgo doXmÝVOën `m doXmÝV{dVÊS>m Ho$ ê$n‘| àñVwVH$aZm C{MV Zht bJVm. dh Vmo {ZOm§JrH¥$V dmXHo$ AmZwf§{JH$V`m eŠ` hmoZona^r, à‘wI à`moOZV`m ‘mÝ` Zht hmo gH$Vm h¡. AV… "ewÕmÛ¡V'nXKQ>H$ "ewÕ'nX

Ûmam ì`mdV©Zr` Ho$db ‘m`m AWdm Ho$db ‘m`mdmX H$mo ñdrH$maZona ewÕmÛ¡V‘Vlm¡V dmX Z ah H$a Oën `m {dVÊS>m ‘| n ©d{gV hmo OmVm h¡.

Vrgar Amn{Îm `h h¡ {H$ ‘mZ H$a Mb| {H$ ‘hmà wgo nm§M gm¡ df©nyd© `{X‘m`mdmXHo$ nwañH$Vm© ^JdËnmX lre§H$amMm ©H$m àmXw m©d Z hþdm hmoVm Vmo Š`m‘hmà w lrdëb^mMm © lwË`m{X emñÌm|Ho$ ~mao‘| AnZm H$moB© ñnï> ‘ÝVì` àñVwVZht H$a nmVo Š`m? `{X H$aVo Vmo Cg ‘VH$m A{^YmZ O¡go "~«ô‘dmX' hmogH$Vm h¡, d¡go hr ì`mdV©Zr` ‘VHo$ A^mdHo$ H$maU "ewÕmÛ¡VdmX' hmo Zhtnm`oJm. AV… `Wmn[a^m{fV "ewÕmÛ¡VdmX' ‘hmà^wà`wŠV "~«ô‘dmX' nXH$mgdm©Ë‘Zm n`m© dmMr hmo Zht nmVm h¡.

AV… Bgo "~«ô‘dmX'H$m n`m© dmMH$ ‘mZZm hmo Vmo "ewÕ'nXÛmam ì`mdV©Zr`Ho$db ‘m`m Zht àË wV ñd § ‘hmà wÛmam n[aJ{UV ‘mZo Om gH$Vo ""ànÄMàH¥${VH$m {dH$maê$n Zht h¡, na‘mUwAm|Ho$ nañna Ow‹S>ZoHo$ H$maU ~Zm hþdmZht h¡, ‘m`mHo$ Ûmam àX{e©V «mpÝV Zht h¡, AÑï> Am{X {H$gr AZOmZoH$maUde àH$Q>m r Zht h¡, Am¡a Z Bgo h nhbo Zhr Wm naÝVw ~mX‘| CËnÝZhmoZodmbm ^r ‘mZm Om gH$Vm h¡. ànÄM Vmo Cgr na‘H$mð>mnÝZ H$Vm©H$sñd`§‘| àH$Q> hþ`r H¥${V h¡, BVZm hr Zht, A{nVw ^JdÐÿn ^r h¡''(V.Xr.{Z.à.1&23) Bg dMZ‘| {dYo V`m Ed§ ì`mdË ©V`m Omo r Hw$N> {dd{jVhmo Eogo gånyU© AW©Ho$ A{^Ym`H$ "AÛ¡V' Am¡a "ewÕ' XmoZm| hr nX hmoZo Mm{h o.

h‘ XoI gH$Vo h¢ {H$ "ewÕ'nXgo ì`mdË ©V`m n[aJ{UV ‘mZo Om gH$Vo""ànÄM àH¥${VH$m {dH$maê$n Zht h¡, na‘mUwAm|Ho$ nañna Ow‹S>ZoHo$ H$maU ~Zmhþdm Zht h¡, ‘m`mHo$ Ûmam àX{e©V «mpÝV Zht h¡, AÑï> Am{X {H$gr AZOmZoH$maUde àH$Q>m ^r Zht h¡, Am¡a Z Bgo `h nhbo Zhr Wm naÝVw ~mX‘| CËnÝZhmoZodmbm ^r ‘mZm Om gH$Vm h¡'' Bg dmŠ`m§e‘| Ho$db ‘m`mHo$ hr ì`mdV©ZHo$~Om` AÝ` ^r-Am¡a CÝh| ^r n[aJ{UVV`m gr{‘V Z H$a XoZoH$mo-"Am{X'nXaI H$a ‘hmà wZo ~«ô‘oVaV`m CnpñWV m gå^m{dV g^rH$mo ì`mdV©Zr` ‘mZZona^ma {X`m h¡. `h Vmo ~«ô‘H$s "gd©dmXmZdgaê$nm' (V.Xr.{Z.à.1&70)‘ybê$nVmH$mo bú`‘| aI H$a {OÝh| ì`mdV©Zr` ‘mZZm n‹S>Vm hmo CZHo$ ì`mdV©ZH$s

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{ZfoYmpË‘H$m à{H«$`mHo$ Ûmam "ewÕmÛ¡V'nXHo$ KQ>H$ "ewÕ'nXH$m nXH¥$Ë` {Zê${nVhþdm. na Bg "ewÕmÛ¡V'Ho$ ‘yb‘| aho "~«ô‘dmX' nXHo$ ñdmañ`H$m {dMma H$a EH${dYmZmpË‘H$m à{H«$`mÛmam ~«ô‘H$mo "ZmZmdmXmZwamoYr' ^r ‘mZ H$a ‘hmà^wZoàñVwV H$s h¡ :

""dñVwV… Vmo lw{V‘| Omo AZoH${dY {Zê$nU ~«ô‘Ho$ ~mao‘|CnbãY hmoVo h¢, CgH$m ‘yb à`moOZ AZoH${dY VÎdà{VnmXH$dmŠ`m|H$s EH$dmŠ`Vm B§{JV H$aZm h¡. Š`m|{H$ {déÕY‘m©l` hmoZoHo$H$maU ~«ô‘ Vmo `Ú{n gd©^dZg‘W© h¡ VWm{n VÎmX² dmXm|H$mAmJ«{hbV`m à{VnmXZ H$aZodmbo {MÝVH$m |H$m ^md Cgogd© dZg‘W©V`m ‘mÝ` aIZoH$m Zht hmoVm h¡. AV… ~«ô‘H$mo {H$gr^r dmXH$s n[a{Y‘| Z {KaZodmbm ‘mZm OmVm h¡. AÝ`Wm g^r{MÝVH$ Omo ^r Hw$N> VmpÎdH$ CX²^mdZm H$a nmVo hm| CZ g^rHo$AZwgma ~«ô‘ CZHo$ à{V d¡gm AnZm ñdê$n àH$Q> H$a gH$Vm h¡.AV… àË oH$ dmX ~«ô‘Ho$ hr VÎmX² Y‘m]H$m à{VnmXH$ ~Z OmVm h¡.''

""lrH¥$îU na§ ~«ô‘ h¢ Am¡a Aja~«ô‘ gpÀMXmZÝXH$. CgAja~«ô‘H$m EH$ ê$n bmoH${dbjU (^JdX²Ym‘mË‘H$) hmoVm h¡Xygam gd©bmoH$mË‘H$. bmoH${dbjU Ajañdê$n‘| gd©bmoH$ê$nAjaH$m {Zê$nU {d{^ÝZ dmXr {d{^ÝZ ar{Vgo H$aVo h¢ : H$moB© Cgo‘m{`H$, H$moB© àmH¥$V, na‘mUwAm|Ho$ g§KmVHo$ ê$n‘|, H$moB© ñdVÝÌAm{X-Am{X. lw{VH$m ‘V, naÝVw, `h h¡ {H$ dhr AZoH$ê$n YmaUH$aVm h¡.''

(V.Xr.{Z.à.1&70,{gÕm.‘wŠVm.3-5).

AV… ~«ô‘ `{X AZoH$ ê$n YmaU H$aZo g‘W© hmo Vmo g¥{ï>H$maUV`m {H$gr^r ê$nHo$ ì`mdV©ZH$s Anojm ah Zht OmVr.

Ad{eï> ahr "AÛ¡V'nXHo$ {ddaUH$s Anojm Vmo ànÄM Cg na‘H$mð>mnÝZH$Vm©H$s ñd §‘| àH$Q> hþ r H¥${V h¡, BVZm hr Zht, A{nVw ^JdÐÿn ^r h¡ Eogr

nXmdbrHo$ à`moJÛmam "AÛ¡V'nXgo {dd{jVH$m ^r ì`m»`mZ ‘hmà^wZo àH$Q>H$a {X`m h¡. `hm§ `Ú{n H$m ©H$maU^mdHo$ Û¡VHo$ gÝX ©‘| hr ~«ô‘VmXmËå`ê$nAÛ¡V Xagm`m J`m h¡. Cgo naÝVw Y‘©Y‘u, AdVmamdVmar, A§em§er, dmÀ`dmMH$,‘ybê$n-^mdmZwamo{Yê$n, à‘mUà‘o `m gmYZ’$b Am{X Ho$ Û¡Vm|‘| ^r `moOZr`Vmo ‘mZZm hr n‹S>oJm.

AVEd MVwW© Amn{Îm Bg {df`‘| `h EH$ Am¡a h¡ {H$ ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$maàñVwV nXH¥$Ë`Ûmam "ewÕmÛ¡V'H$m ê$n Ho$db H$m ©-H$maU^md‘| n[agr{‘V H$aaho h¢ O~{H$ ""àH$meml`dX² dm VoOñËdmV²'' (~«.gy.3&2&28) gyÌHo$ ì`m»`mZ‘|^mî`H$ma Vmo gwñnï>

eãXm|‘|- ""~«ô‘Ho$ Y‘© Š`m ~«ô‘go {^ÝZ, ~«ô‘Ho$ H$m ©ê$n hmoVo h¢ `m

~«ô‘ê$n hr? Eogm g§e` hmoZona H$moB© h gmoM gH$Vm h¡ {H$ bmoH$‘|H$m © yV nQ>H$m ê$n nQ>H$m Y‘© hr Vmo hmoVm h¡, nQ>‘| g‘doV hmoZoHo$H$maU, BZHo$ {ZË` hmoZo‘| H$moB© à‘mU ^r CnbãY Zht hmoVm, BÝh|ñdm^m{dH$ ‘mZ H$a {ZË` ‘mZZo OmZona Vmo H$ënZmJm¡adH$m Xmof^r bJVm h¡, "EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘²' lw{VdMZgo {déÕ hmoZoHo$ H$maU~«ô‘Y‘m]H$mo {^ÝZ ^r ‘mZZm eŠ` Z hmoZogo, CÝh| ànÄMH$s VahH$m ©ê$n hr ‘mZ boZm Mm{h o. Eogo nyd©njHo$ g‘mYmZV`m gyÌ H$hVoh¢ : "àH$meml`dX² dm'.

`hm§ "dm'eãXÛmam nyd©njH$m {ZdmaU {H$`m J`m. O¡goAZoH${dY àH$mem|Ho$ Aml` gy`© Am{X, AnZo Y‘ugo n¥WŠV`mH$ht {gÕ Z hmo nmZoHo$ H$maU Am¡a àH$meê$n JwUY‘© ^r gX¡dY‘uHo$ ^rVa pñWV ahVm hmoZogo ^r, Z Vmo Y‘u àH$mego {^ÝZ hmoVmh¡ Am¡a Z A{^ÝZ hr. `m| àH$me‘mZ Y{‘©Ðì` Am¡a àH$meê$nJwUY‘©, ‘ybgo {dpÀN>ÝZV`m ^r AnZo AmYma‘| {dÚ‘mZ Z ahVohmoZogo ^r, Z {^ÝZ Am¡a Z A{^ÝZ hmoVo h¢. gmW hr gmW gy`©Ho$àH$meH$mo ñd § gy ©ê$n ^r ‘mZm Zht Om gH$Vm, Š`m|{H$ dh gy ©goA{YH$XoedVu r hmoVm hr h¡. AV… Ðì`Ho$ ñd^md{gÕ Y‘©Ho$ ê$n‘|

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Cgo ‘mZZm n‹S>Vm h¡. AV… ~«ô‘ Am¡a CgHo$ Y‘m] Ho$ ~rM oXH$moH$pënV ^r ‘mZZm hmo Vmo O¡go gy © Am¡a àH$me Ho$ ~rM oXH$ënZmH$s OmVr h¡, d¡go hr ‘mZZm Mm{h`o. BÝh| ""amhþHo$ {ga''H$s VahZht. Š`m|{H$ AÝ`Wm ~«ô‘kmZmW© doX‘| àd¥{Îm eŠ` Zht ahOm`oJr. gH$b Y‘m]H$m {ZfoY H$a XoZona AÝV‘| {ZfoYHo$A{YH$aUHo$ ê$n‘| AWdm BZ Y‘m]Ho$ EH$ ~«ô‘ê$n Y‘u‘|gm‘mZm{YH$aÊ` Ho$ ÚmoVZmW© ^r "gË`' "kmZ' "AZÝV' "AmZÝX'nXm|Ho$ AWm]H$m ~moY eŠ` Zht ah Om`oJm. bjUm d¥{ÎmHo$ Ûmam~moY àH$Q> H$aZm A{^b{fV hmo, V~ ^r nXHo$ dmÀ`mW©ê$n Y‘©Am¡a bú`mW©ê$n Y‘m]H$m gmÑí` Vmo Ano{jV hr ahoJm. AV…{dbjU Y‘©dmbo àH$meH$mo Am¡a CgHo$ Y‘u `m Aml` Ho$ ~rMVmXmËå` ñdrH$maZm n‹S>Vm h¡.''

(~«.gy.^m.3&2&28).

ewÕmÛ¡VdmXH$mo ~«ô‘dmXHo$ n`m©`dmMH$V`m ñdrH$maZona Ano{jVgmdYmZr :

CpëbpIV ^mî`dMZHo$ AmYmana {gÕ hmo OmVm h¡ {H$ Z Ho$dbH$m`©H$maU^md A{nVw Y‘©Y{‘©^md, Ad`dmd`{d^md, Ym‘Ym{‘^md,dmÀ`dmMH$^md, ‘ybê$n-^mdmZwamo{Yê$n, Am{X AZoH$ê$nm|‘| ~«ô‘dmXHo$ AÝVJ©VBVaoVaVmXmËå` A§JrH$aUr` h¡.

AV… Cgo Ho$db H$m ©H$maU^md‘| n[agr{‘V H$a XoZodmbm nXH¥$Ë` àñVwVZht H$aZm Mm{h o. dmëb^ doXmÝV‘| oX AH$pënV hmo `m H$pënV hmo, dh""eãXkmZmZwnmVr dñVweyÝ`mo {dH$ën…'' (nm.`mo.gy.1&9) gyÌmoŠV ""amhþHo${ea''H$s Vah {dH$ënd¥{ÎmH$m JmoMa Zht ‘mZm J`m h¡. dh Vmo VmXmËå`ê$n hr‘mZm J`m h¡. Š`m|{H$ AÛ¡VHo$ Bg àH$ma‘| Û¡V dñVwJV Z hmo H$a Ho$dbeãXkmZmZwnmVr AgV² hr hmoVm h¡, O~{H$ ewÕmÛ¡VH$m KQ>H$ AÛ¡V Eogm ZhthmoVm {H$ dh Ho$db eãXkmZmZwnmVr dñVweyÝ` Û¡VH$m g{hîUw hmo. dh VmodñVwJV Û¡VH$m ^r g{hîUw hmoVm h¡. AVEd A{YH$aUVmdÀN>oXH$m|Ho$ ^oXdeÛ¡V Am¡a Û¡VmË`ÝVm^md H$m gm‘mZm{YH$aÊ` r Cgo Zht ‘mZm J`m. CXmhaUV`m

emImdÀN>oXoZ d¥j‘| H${ng§ moJ Am¡a ‘ybmdÀN>oXZ H${ng§ moJH$m AË`ÝVm^md^r hmo gH$Vm h¡. VX²dV² o Û¡V `m AÛ¡V Zht hmoVo. Bgo ^br^m§{V g‘PZm hmoVmo Ho$dbmÛ¡VdmX‘| O¡go {‘Ï`mËd, Omo Z gÐÿn hmoVm h¡, Z AgÐÿn Am¡a ZgXgÐÿn hr, àË wV BZ VrZ H$ënm|go AVrV gXgX²{dbjU hmoVm h¡, VX²dV².EH$ËdmË`ÝVm^mdê$n oX, oXmË`ÝVm^mdê$n A oX Am¡a CZHo$ g‘mZm{YH$aUê$noXm oX `m| BZ VrZm|go {dbjU hr VmXmËå`ê$n A oX `m AÛ¡V ewÕmÛ¡VdmX‘|

‘mZm J`m h¡. Bgo àH$me Am¡a àH$me‘mZ Ðì` Ho$ nañnaÛ¡VHo$ CXmhaU‘| XoImOm gH$Vm h¡. Z Vmo dhm§ EH$ËdH$m AË`ÝVm^md hmoVm h¡, Š`m|{H$ àH$meHo$KZr yV `m {nÊS>r yV gy ©Ðì`‘| A «mpÝVJmoMa EH$Ëd AZw yV hmoVm hr h¡. gmWhr gmW Cg KZr yV àH$me{nÊS>go ~mha {ZH$b H$a àg¥V hmoVr àH$me{H$aUm|‘|A «mpÝVJmoMa {ÛËd ^r AZw yV hmoVm h¡. AV… XmoZm|Ho$ ~rM Z Vmo EH$ËdH$mAË`ÝVm^md hmoVm h¡ Am¡a Z {ÛËdH$m AË`ÝVm^md hmoVm h¡.

`h Vmo R>rH$ h¡ {H$ ""`h EH$; Am¡a, dh EH$. `m| {‘b H$a Xmo'' EogrAnojm~w{ÕHo$ de {ÛËd K{Q>V hmoVm h¡. AV… àíZ nyN>m Om gH$Vm h¡ {H$ EogoAnojm~w{ÕOÝ` {ÛËdH$mo dñVwJV ‘mZZoHo$ ~Om` ~moYJV Y‘© hr Š`m| Z ‘mZboZm? Bg VahH$s, naÝVw, `m¡pŠVH$ Amn{Îm ñd § EH$ dñVw Am¡a Xygao dñVw~moYHo$ {ÛËdH$m Adbå~Z {b o {~Zm C^a Zht nmVr. Am¡a V~ nwZ… Bg dñVw Am¡adñVw~moY Ho$ {ÛËdH$mo ~moYJV ‘mZZm `m dñVwJV? `m| Bg g‘ñ`mH$m g‘mYmZImoOZo OmZona Vmo ñd § h‘mar ~moYepŠV hr `m Vmo AÝ`moÝ`ml` `m AZdñWmXmofm|H$m {eH$ma ~Z OmVr h¡. AV… ñdrH$maZm n‹S>Vm h¡ {H$ g^r VahHo$ {ÛËdgmnoj~w{Õà wŠV Z hmo H$a Hw$N> AZdJVV`m dñVwJV ^r ahVo hr h¢. ~w{Õ‘|,{H$ÝVw, CZH$m Ad^mgZ gmnoj àË``m|Ho$ {~Zm eŠ` Zht hmo nmVm. CXmhaUV`m{H$Ýht Xmo ì`pŠVAm|H$m {nVmnwÌ `m n{VnËZr hmoZm h‘| Anojm~w{ÕHo$ à`moJ{~Zm AdJV Z hmoZo‘mÌgo H$pënV Zht {gÕ hmo OmVm. dh gå~ÝY nyd©‘|AZdJV ahZona ^r BVaoVagmnoj~w{Õgo JmoMa ~ZZona AdJV ^r ~Z OmVm h¡.

à‘wIV`m {dMmaUr` ‘wÔm Bg‘| `hr h¡ {H$ V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX²H$s ~«ô‘dëbr‘|~«ô‘‘r‘m§gmHo$ AÝVJ©V gd©àW‘ ñdê$nbjU ""~«ô‘ gË` kmZ Am¡a AZÝVê$n hmoVm h¡'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&1) Eogm lw{VZo {XIbm`m. ~mX‘| ^¥Jwdëbr‘|

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""{Og‘|go BZ g~ yVm|H$m OZZ hmoVm h¡, {Og‘| OZZHo$ ~mX o Or{dVahVo h¢, {OgH$s Amoa o ‘wpŠV‘| à`mU H$aVo h¢ Am¡a {Og‘| àb`‘| brZhmoVo h¢, Cg ~«ô‘H$s {Okmgm H$amo Š`m|qH$ Cgo hr "~«ô‘' g‘PZm Mm{h o''(V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1) Eogm H$m ©bjU ^r {XIbm`m h¡. ~«ô‘H$m ñdê$n n[a^m{fVhmoVm h¡ CgHo$ AgmYmaUY‘m]Ho$ AmYmana Am¡a Eogo hr ~«ô‘H$s H$maUVm {ZYm©[aVhmoVr h¡ CgHo$ H$m`m]H$m {Zê$nU H$aZona. AV… ñdm^m{dH$ ê$n‘| bjU Am¡aà‘mU Ho$ KQ>H$ nXm|go `{X dh dmÀ` Z hmoVm hmo Vmo Ab{jV Ed§ Aà‘m{UVVÎd ~«ô‘V`m {gÕ Zht hmo nm oJm.

Eogr pñW{V‘| `{X ~«ô‘H$m AÛ¡V Û¡VmË`ÝVm^mdmonb{jV hmoVm Vmo CgHo${g{ÕH$s ^r Anojm ah Zht OmZr Mm{h o Wr. Š`m|{H$ {H$g VÎdH$s {g{Õ?{H$g à‘mUHo$ m {H$g bjUHo$ AmYmana? {H$g à‘mVmHo$ g§‘wI? BZ àíZm|H$mg‘mYmZ ImoOZo OmZona ~«mpô‘H$ AÛ¡V ~m{YV hmo Om`oJm. AV… A~m{YV{g{ÕHo$ A^md‘| CgHo$ hmoZo `m Z hmoZogo Hw$N> AÝVa Zht n‹S>oJm. `m| EH$C^`V…nme Omo `hm§ C^aVm h¡ CgH$m Xmo Vahgo g‘mYmZ ImoOm Om gH$Vm h¡:

(1)bjU-à‘mUm|go {Zanoj ñdV…{gÕ {ZOmË‘MoVZmê$n ~«ô‘Ho$D$na A{gÕ hmoZoH$m nhbo {‘Ï`mamon bJm H$a ~mX‘| {‘Ï`mbjU Am¡a{‘Ï`mà‘mU H$mo K‹S> H$a, CZHo$ ~bna CgH$s {‘Ï`m{g{ÕH$m AÜ`mamonH$a, AÝV‘| CZH$m ^r AndmX H$a XoZm. CXmhaUV`m AÛ¡VÚmoVH$ 1g§»`mH$mo {ÛËdÚmoVH$ AÜ`mamo{nV 2 g§»`mgo Omo‹S> H$a {‘bVr 3 g§»`mH$snwZ… 2 go ~mµH$sê$n AndmX H$aZona 1 hr eof ahVm h¡.

(2)AnZo-Amn‘| EH$‘odm{ÛVr` hmoZoHo$ H$maU ~«ô‘ ñdê$nÑ{ï>gobjU-à‘mU‘y{bH$m {g{ÕH$s Anojm Zht aIVm h¡. {’$a^r Š`m|{H$ dhbrb`m AZoH$dX² mdmnÝZ hþdm h¡, AV… brbm{d y©V EopÀN>H$ AZoH$VmH$moñd § CgHo$ AmË‘àH$meZHo$ {dñVmaê$n ‘mZ boZm. Zm‘-ê$n-H$‘m]H$s{d{dYVmH$mo brbmW© n[aJ¥hrV ê$nV`m n[a^m{fV ^r Am¡a à‘m{UV ^rH$aHo$.

Bg‘| àW‘ H$ën‘| Û¡VmË`ÝVm^mdmonb{jV AÛ¡V àñVm{dV hmoVm h¡ O~{H$Xygao H$ën‘| Û¡V Û¡VmË`ÝVm^md Am¡a XmoZm|H$m gm‘mZm{YH$aÊ` `m| VrZm|go AVrVVwar` VmXmËå`H$mo{Q> `m ^mdmË‘H$ AÛ¡V àñVm{dV hmo nmVm h¡. AVEd^mî`àH$meH$ma lrnwéfmoÎm‘OrH$m EH$ {dYmZ `hm§ ‘ZZr` h¡ ""O¡go "A{‘Ì'nXH$m AW© Z Vmo {‘Ì hmoVm h¡ Am¡a Z {‘ÌH$m Ho$db A^md hr. O~ h‘{H$grH$mo AnZm "A{‘Ì' H$hVo h¢ Vmo h‘mam A{^àm` hmoVm h¡, Eogo {H$grì`pŠVHo$ ~mao‘|, Omo `m Vmo eÌw hmo `m {’$a AZOmZ hr H$moB© ì`pŠV hmo; nah‘mam {‘Ì Z hmo... Bgr Vah "A oX' nXH$m AW© ^r Z oX hmoVm Am¡a Z^oXmË`ÝVm^md hr {H$ÝVw ^oX{damoYr {H$gr VahH$m ^md hmoVm h¡. `h^mdê$n hmo H$a AnZo Aml`go A{dZm yV AWm©V² AnZo Aml`H$mo N>mo‹S>Omo AÝ`Ì {dÚ‘mZ Zht hmoVm. Bgo AÝ`moÝ`m^mdê$n ^oX ^r ‘mZm ZhtOm gH$Vm'' (AUw m.àH$m.3&2&28).

"A oX' `m "AÛ¡V' Ho$ KQ>H$ "ZÄm²' {ZnmVHo$ Omo N>h AW© hmo gH$Vo h¢CZ‘|go àg§JmonmÎm A^md Am¡a {damo{YVm gå^d h¢. AV… Û¡Vm^md ^r AW© hmogH$Vm h¡ Am¡a Û¡V{damoYr Y‘m©ÝVa r. O¡go "Agwa'nX‘| gwa m XodVm H$m A^mdAW© Z bo H$a XodVmAm|Ho$ {damoYr X¡Ë` `m amjg AW© hr {b`m OmVm h¡. Š`m|{H$H¡$bme‘| ‘hmXodH$s g§{Z{Y‘| XmoZm|H$m gh^md ^r eŠ` ‘mZm hr J`m h¡. BgrVah ~«ô‘ Am¡a Zm‘-ê$n-H$‘m] AdVmam| A§em| `m JwUY‘m] Ho$ ~rM nañnaVmXmËå` hmoZoHo$ H$maU Û¡V Am¡a AÛ¡V H$m gh^md eŠ` h¡. eŠ` Vmo {déÕY‘m©l`hmoZoHo$ H$maU Û¡V Am¡a Û¡VmË`ÝVm^md H$m gm‘mZm{YH$aÊ` ^r h¡. naÝVw"ewÕmÛ¡V'nXHo$ KQ>H$ "AÛ¡V'nX‘| "ZÄm²'{ZnmV A^mdmW©H$ {dd{jV Z hmo H$a{damoYmW©H$ hr A{^àoV h¡.

"ewÕmÛ¡V'H$m àmUmon‘ VmXmËå` ^oXm^oXê$n Zht {H$ÝVw MVwW©H$mo{Q>h¡ :

Bg d¡få`Ho$ àH$Q> hmoZoH$m à‘wI hoVw ‘wPo Eogm bJVm h¡ {H$ ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$maBVaoVaVmXmËå`H$mo ‘hmà wHo$ {Og gw~mo{YZrdMZHo$ AmYmana oXm oXHo$ ê$n‘|{ZhmaZm MmhVo h¢, CgH$s dmñV{dH$Vm `h h¡ {H$ Cg dMZ‘| oXm oXH$s Cnn{Îm

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VmXmËå`Ho$ bjU "" oXg{hîUw… A oX'' Ho$ AmYmana Xr J`r h¡. ñd § ‘hmà wVmXmËå`H$mo Eogo ñdrH$maZm Zht MmhVo h¡. AV… Cg dMZH$mo A{dH$bê$n‘| EH$~ma XoI boZm CnH$maH$ hmoJm-

""^JdmZ²Ho$ ñdê$n Ed§ M[aÌ H$m {Zê$nU oXÑ{ï> aI H$a ZhtH$aZm Mm{h o. AÝ`Wm, ^JdÀM[aÌHo$ ^JdXmË‘H$ Z ah OmZona,M[aÌH$m ldU-H$sV©Z-^mdZ H$aZodmboHo$ ^rVa g§gmamgpŠV hr~‹T>oJr. AV… ^JdmZ²Ho$ ñdê$n Am¡a M[aÌ H$m {Zê$nU A oXÑ{ï>aI H$a, H$a aho h¢ "`h {díd ñd § ^JdmZ² h¡' Eogo {dYmZÛmam.bmoH$àVr{VHo$ AmYmana {gÕ {dídH$mo CÔoí` ~Zm H$a CgHo$^JdmZ² hmoZoH$m `hm§ {dYmZ {H$`m Om ahm h¡. AV… {díd‘| gd©Ì^JdÔ¥{ï> aI H$a Cgo {ZhmaZona Ord H¥$VmW© hmo OmVm h¡. `hm§^JdmZ²Ho$ H$m`©ê$n OJV²H$mo ^JdmZ²Ho$ ê$n‘| {ZhmaZoH$s ~mVg‘Pm`r J`r h¡...

CÎm‘ ‘Ü`‘ Am¡a AY‘ A{YH$mam|Ho$ oXde ^JdmZ²H$mo VrZàH$mago {Zhmam Om gH$Vm h¡, `h à{VnmXZ `hm§ A{^àoV h¡. A~CÎm‘ A{YH$marH$mo {díd H¡$go {XIbm`r XoVm h¡ `h g‘Pm XoZoHo$~mX ‘Ü`‘ A{YH$marH$mo H¡$go XrIVm h¡, `h {XIbm`m Om ahm h¡: Cgo `h {díd ^JdmZ²H$s Vah {XIbm`r XoVm h¡ naÝVw gmjmX²^JdÐÿn Zht. AWm©V² ^JdËgÑe {XIbm`r XoVm hmoZogo {dídH$m`m {dídmÝVJ©V ê$n-Zm‘-H$‘m]H$m AmXa Am{X ^JdmZ²H$s VahH$aZm, Cgo C{MV bJVm h¡. {’$a^r AmgpŠV Vmo ^JdmZ²‘| hrgmjmV² {Z^mZr Mm{h`o, {dídHo$ nXmWm ] ©‘ | Zht. E ogm‘Ü`‘m{YH$marH$mo àVrV hmoVm h¡. Bgr Vah Omo {ZH¥$ï> A{YH$marhmoVm h¡ Cgo Vmo bmoH$àVr{V{gÕ h {díd JdmZ²go {^ÝZ hr bJVmh¡. AVEd {Ogo `h ànÄM Ho$db ànÄMV`m hr {XIbm`r XoVmhmo, dh O~ ^r ~{h‘w©IVmgo J«ñV hmoVm h¡, Vmo erK« hr «ï> hmo OmVmh¡. EH$ hr {dídH$s m JdmZ²H$s VrZ Vahgo àVr{V H¡$go hmo gH$Vrh¡, `h g‘PmZoH$mo H$hVo h¢ "{OZ ^JdmZ²‘|go Bg {dídH$s pñW{VCËn{Îm Am¡a {ZamoY hmoVo h¢'. AWm©V² {díd ^JdmZ²‘| hr pñWV hmoZoHo$

H$maU ^JdÐÿn h¡, Eogr àVr{V CÎm‘m{YH$marH$mo hmoVr h¡. {díd^JdmZ²‘|go CX² d hþdm hmoZoHo$ H$maU H$m ©H$maUHo$ ~rM VmXmËå`hmoZogo H$m`m©Ë‘Zm {díd‘| oX hmoZona ^r H$maUmË‘Zm A oX hmoVmh¡. `m| oXg{hîUw A oX hmoZoHo$ H$maU {díd ^JdÐÿn Z hmoZona ^r^JdËgÑe BZ ‘Ü`‘m{YH$m[a`m|H$mo bJVm h¡. BgHo$ {dnarV Omo‘y‹T> A{YH$mar hmoVo h¢, CÝh| Vmo JdmZ² {dídH$m Cng§hma H$aVo hmoZogo{díd Zída Am¡a ^JdmZ² AZída hr àVrV hmoVo h¢.''

(gw~mo.1&5&20).Bg dMZ‘| ‘Ü`‘m{YH$marH$mo hmoVr {dídH$s AZw y{V‘| VmXmËå`Ho$ CëboIHo$

H$maU ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$maH$mo dh oXm oXê$n bJVm h¡. AV… ‘Ü`‘m{YH$maH$AZw^y{VH$m {df` bJVm h¡. do ñd`§ H$hVo ""H$m`©ê$noU ^oX hmoZona ^rH$maUmË‘Zm A^oX hmoZoHo$ H$maU `hm§ ^oXg{hîUw A^oXê$n VmXmËå`AZw y{VJmoMa hmoVm ‘mZm J`m h¡'' (ewÕm.‘mV©.32). d¡go ‘hmà wH$mo A{^‘V~«ô‘dmX `m ewÕmÛ¡VdmX ‘| Z Ho$db H$m`©H$maUH$m VmXmËå` A{nVwA§em§{eVmXmËå` Am¡a Y‘©Y{‘©VmXmËå` Am{X àH$maHo$ r VmXmËå` h¢ hr. AVEd""VXZÝ`Ëd‘² "Amaå^U'eãXm{Xä`…'' (~«.gy.2&1&14) A{YH$aU‘|H$m`©H$maUVmXmËå`H$s Vah hr A§em§{eVmXmËå` ^r ""BVaì`nXoemX²{hVmH$aUm{XXmofàgpŠV…'' (~«.gy.2&1&21) ^r {dd{jV h¡ hr. Bgr Vah""AÑí`Ëdm{XJwUH$m o Y‘m }ŠVo…'' (~ «.g y.1&2&21) A{YH$aU‘ |Ym‘Ym{‘VmXmËå` ^r ""AjaH$s ^r ~«ô‘ê$nVm h¡ Am¡a nwéfH$s ^r. XmoZm|Ho$~rM namna^md ^r h¡ hr Am¡a A oX ^r. ~«ô‘dmX Vmo Eogm hr hmoVm h¡.Aja~«ô‘go {dídH$s CËn{Îm {Zê${nV hþ`r hmoZogo Cgo ~«ô‘ê$n ‘mZZmn‹S>Vm h¡ {H$ dh AÑí`Ëd Am{X JwUdmbm na‘mË‘mH$m EH$ ñdê$n h¡.nwéfmoÎm‘H$s Vmo ~«ô‘ê$nVm e§H$mVrV h¡. B©fX² AmZÝXHo$ {Vamo^mdde~«ô‘H$mo "Aja' H$hm OmVm h¡ Am¡a nyUm©ZÝXH$s Am{d y©VVmHo$ H$maU Cgo"nwéfmoÎm‘' r.'' (~«.gy.^m.1&2&21) Bg Vah h‘ XoI gH$Vo h¢ ""na‘mË‘mAnZo Oogo ñdê$nÛmam àH¥${V-nwéfHo$ (H$maUH$mo{Q>Ho$) ê$nm|H$mo YmaUH$aVm h¡ Cgo "Aja' H$hVo h¢... Bg AjaH$m nwéfmoÎm‘Ho$ gmW A oXHo${ZYm©aUH$m àH$ma-Aja AnZo ‘ybê$n nwéfmoÎm‘go {dpÀN>ÝZV`m `mH$m ©V`m Zht àË wV A{dpÀN>ÝZV`m gd©Xm pñWV hmoZo A{^ÝZ ‘mZm OmVm

23 24

h¡... `m | ~«ô‘Ho$ VrZ à^oX hþdo AÝV`m©‘r Aja Am¡a H¥$îU.''(V.Xr.{Z.à.2&98-121). AV… ñdê$nH$mo{Q>‘| AÝV{Z©{dï> ‘mZo OmVo Aja~«ô‘Ho$gmW ^r VmXmËå` Vmo A§JrH$m © hr h¡. Eogr pñW{V‘| {gÕ hmo OmVm h¡ {H$ H$m ©-H$maUHo$ ~rM aho VmXmËå`H$mo r mdê$n A oX ‘mZZm Mm{h o Z{H$ oXm oXê$n.

AV… ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$ma O~ Cgo Ho$db H$m ©H$maU^md‘| `mo{OV H$aZmMmhVo h¢ V~ bú`‘| aIZo bm`H$ VÏ` `hr h¡ {H$ ""EoVXmËå`‘² BX§ gdª-VV²Ëd‘² A{g'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&8&7) dMZHo$ àW‘m§e‘| CnmXmZmonmXo ^mdmË‘H$Am¡a {ÛVr`m§e‘| A§em§{e^mdmË‘H$ VmXmËå` EH$hob`m ‘mÝ` {H$`m J`m h¡.AV… Ho$db Eogr {ddjm ñdrH$maZona "ewÕmÛ¡V' nX‘| Aì`mpßVXmofH$s Amn{ÎmAmVr h¡. dmñV{dH$Vm O~{H$ `h h¡ {H$ `h BVaoVaVmXmËå` gX§eH$m ©ê$n O‹S>Am¡a gpÀMXmZÝXê$n CnmXmZ `m g‘dm`r H$maUê$n ~«ô‘ Ho$ ~rMH$m`©H$maU^mdmË‘H$ ‘mZm J`m h¡. {MX§eê$n OrdmË‘m Am¡a gpÀMXmZÝXê$nna‘mË‘mHo$ ~rM A§em§{e^mdê$n ^r ‘mZm J`m h¡. naÝVw ñd § gpÀMXmZÝXê$n~«ô‘ Am¡a CgHo$ gÎmm M¡VÝ` AmZÝX ê$nr Y‘m} Ho$ ~rM `h BVaoVaVmXmËå`Y‘©Y{‘©ê$n ^r ‘mZm J`m h¡. Am¡a AjanwéfmoÎm‘Ho$ ~rM AmYmamYo ^mdê$n^r. AV… Bgna Xwb©ú` hmo OmZoHo$ H$maU ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$ma VmXmËå`H$mo oXm oXê$n‘mZ H$a Mbo h¢.

"ewÕmÛ¡Vn[aîH$ma' ‘| {‘bVo "ewÕmÛ¡V'bjUH$s narjm : AV… ‘hmà wHo$ AÝ`mÝ` dMZm|Ho$ A{^àm`H$m {d‘e© H$aZona Eogm à{VnmXZ

Aàm‘m{UH$ Zht Vmo r gd©Wm Ag‘r{jV Vmo bJVm hr h¡. ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$maHo${eî` lram‘H¥$îU ^Å>Zo AnZo "ewÕmÛ¡Vn[aîH$ma' Zm‘H$ J«ÝW‘| {XIbm o-

""BVagå~ÝYmZdpÀN>ÝZ-H$m`©H$maUm{Xê$n-{ÛËdàH$m-aH$-kmZà{V`mo{JVmH$m-@^mddÎd§ ewÕmÛ¡VËd‘².''

(ewÕmÛ¡.n[a.). Bg bjU‘| Hw$N> gmdYm{Z`m§ Vmo AÀN>r br h¢ naÝVw {’$a^r Añnï>Vm ^r

{~bHw$b gm’$ PbH$Vr hr h¢. `hm§ "H$m`©H$maUm{Xê$n-{ÛËdàH$maH$' nXm|‘|Ho$db H$m`©H$maU^mdmË‘H$ Û¡VHo$ ~Om` "Am{X'nXgo A§em§{e^md Am{XHo$Û¡Vm|H$mo ^r ñWmZ Vmo àXmZ {H$`m J`m h¡. Bgr Vah Eogo H$m`©H$maU^md `mA§em § {e^md Am{XH$m o ^r "‘m`mgå~ÝYmZdpÀN>ÝZ' H$hZoH o $ ~Om`

"BVagå~ÝYmZdpÀN>ÝZ' H$hZm ^r EH$ AÀN>r gyP h¡. {’$a^r "BVagå~ÝY...'XbHo$ nXH¥$Ë`‘| ""H$m ©H$maUm{X{ÛËdàH$maH$nXmW©ñ` ‘m{`H$Ëdm^mdm`''Iwbmgm Xo H$a nwZ… "ewÕ'nXÛmam ì`mdË © Ho$db em§H$a doXmÝVm{^‘V ‘m`mH$mohr nH$‹S> {b`m hmoZogo "BVa'nXgo {‘bZodmbo bm^H$mo nwZ… Imo {X`m

Bgr Vah àX{e©V Aì`mpßVXmofHo$ n[ahmaHo$ à`mgê$noU bjUH$ma H$hVoh¢ ""Y‘©Y{‘© mdê$n gå~ÝYHo$ CXmhaU‘| H$m ©H$maU^mdê$n{ÛËd Z hmoZogoAì`mpßV Zht ‘mZ boZr Mm{h o, Š`m|{H$ Y‘©Y{‘© md A oXê$n hmoVm h¡,Eogm "àH$meml`dX² dm VoOñËdmV²' gyÌHo$ AmYmana {ZUuV h¡. "nam Añ`epŠV…' O¡go dMZm|‘| ^r A^oXmW©H$ fð>r ñdrH$mar J`r hmoZogo ^r (doAbú` h¢)'' Bggo Eogm bJVm h¡ {H$ lram‘H¥$îU ^Å>Or Y‘©Y{‘© md Am¡aepŠVepŠV‘mZ Ho$ ~rM Û¡V Z ‘mZ H$a {H$gr VahH$m AÛ¡V ImoO aho h¢. Cgo,naÝVw, Š`m oXmg{hîUw Û¡VmË`ÝVm^mdê$n A oX ‘mZZm AWdm Û¡V{damoYr H$moB©^mdê$n nXmW©? àW‘ H$ën‘| ñdê$nmZwnn{Îmê$n Xmof Am`oJm. Am¡a {ÛVr`H$ënH$m g‘ml`U H$aZona Vmo "KQ>Å>Hw$Q²>çm§ à^mV'Ý`m` hr hmoJm Š`m|{H$ VmXmËå`goCgo n¥WŠV`m b{jV H$a nmZm XwîH$a hmo Om oJm

Ohm§ VH$ Y‘©Y{‘© mdgo {dnarVV`m H$m ©H$maU^mdê$n Û¡VHo$ oXg{hîUwA oX hmoZoH$s ~mV h¡, Vmo Bg {df`‘| `h AZwgÝYo h¡ {H$ ‘hmà wH$mo A{^àoVH$m ©H$maU^md Am{d^m©d{Vamo mdmË‘H$ h¡. ‘hmà w BÝh| nwZ… ^JdmZ²H$s epŠVhr ‘mZVo h¢ ""Am{d^m©d{Vamo mdm¡ eŠVr d¡ ‘wad¡[aU…'' (V.Xr.{Z.2&140).A~ epŠV-epŠV‘mZ²Ho$ ~rM oXmg{hîUw `m oXg{hîUw H¡$gm ^r AÛ¡V Š`m|Z ‘mZo dh H$m ©H$maU^mdna r bmJy Vmo hmoJm hr. Š`m|{H$ {H$Ýht Xmo epŠV`m|H$moAm{d^m©{dH$m `m {Vamo^m{dH$m ‘mZZoHo$ ~Om` Am{d^m©d Am¡a {Vamo^md H$moepŠVê$n ‘mZm J`m h¡. d¡go AÝ`Wm ^r nÌmdbå~Z Am¡a gd©{ZU© àH$me Ho$AdbmoH$Z H$aZona Bg {df`‘| Omo {MÌ C^aVm h¡ dh {ZhmaZo bm`H$ h¡ :

""Omo "Am{d'=àH$Q> H$aVm hmo Cgo "Am{d^m©d' H$hVo h¢.AWdm Am{d y©V hmoZm EH$ Y‘©{deof h¡. Bgr Vah {Vamo mdHo$ ~mao‘|^r g‘PZm Mm{h`o. `o XmoZm| ^JdmZ²H$s epŠV`m§ h¢, Š`m|{H$^JdmZ²‘| AZÝV epŠV`m§ hm oVr h¢. AÝ`Wm ~rO Am{XHo$n[aUm‘V`m Xoh Am{X H¡$go àH$Q> hmo gH$Vo h¢? AV… ^JdmZ²H$sepŠV hr H$maUV`m ñdrH$maZr Mm{h o Š`m|{H$ Am{d^m©dê$n Y‘©Ho$

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H$maU hr KQ>ê$n Y‘u {gÕ hmo nmVm h¡... Eogm Z ñdrH$maZona VmoàmJ^md{Zd¥{Îmê$n CËn{Îm ‘mZZodmbm|H$mo ^r BZ Xmofm|go ~MZmH${R>Z hmo Om`oJm. Š`m|{H$ CËn{Îm ^r Vmo EH$ Y‘© h¡ hr {OgH$mH$moB© Y‘u Vmo hmoZm hr Mm{h`o. Cg CËn{ÎmH$mo {H$g Y‘uH$m Y‘©‘mZZm?... Omo r H$moB© dñVw Bg CËn{Îmê$n Y‘©H$m Y‘u ‘mZr Om oCgo CËn{Îmgo nyd©{gÕ Vmo ‘mZZm hr n‹S>oJm... AV… Y‘uH$mo gZmVZ‘mZo {~Zm H$moB© Cnm` eof Zht ah OmVm h¡. A~ Eogm Y‘u Vmo ~«ô‘na‘mË‘m ^JdmZ² hr hmo gH$Vo h¢. AÝ` H$moB© Zht, AÛ¡Vlw{VHo$H$maU. AV… Am{d^m©dê$n Y‘©Ho$ KQ>m{Xê$n Y‘uH$m ~«ô‘Ëd `m^JdÎd ^r ñdrH$maZm hr n‹S>oJm. BgrHo$ gmW Ow‹S>m hþdm nrN>o-nrN>oMbm Am oJm Am{d^m©dê$n Y‘©H$m ^r ~«ô‘Ëd `m ^JdÎd.''

(V.Xr.{Z.à.2&140).

Bg à{VnmXZH$m ’${bVmW© {dMmaZona H$m ©H$maU^md m Y‘©Y{‘© md AWdmepŠV-epŠV‘X² md Ho$ Û¡V m AÛ¡V Ho$ ñdê$nm|‘| {H$gr VahH$m à oX ‘hmà wH$mo‘mÝ` hmo Eogm àVrV Vmo hmoVm Zht h¡. AV… AH$maU VmXmËå`H$mo oXm oXê$n‘mZZoHo$ ~Om` ^oXm^oXmVrV Vwar`H$mo{Q> ‘mZZm hr CnnÝZ hmoVm h¡. AV…"ewÕmÛ¡V'nXHo$ KQ>H$ "AÛ¡V'nXH$mo ^mdê$n A oXmË‘H$ `m VmXmËå`ê$n ‘mZH$a "ewÕ'nXgo `{X {H$gr nXmW©H$s ì`md¥{Îm ñdrH$maZr hmo Vmo dh ~«ô‘oVaV`mà{V^mV m gå^m{dV g^rH$s ì`md¥{Îm ‘mZZr ~«ô‘dmXHo$ ì`m»`mZV`m A{Zdm ©bJVr h¡.

BgHo$ Abmdm Bg bjUHo$ AÝVJ©V EH$ Am¡a {deof CëboIZr` ~mV""{ÛËdàH$maH$kmZà{V`mo{JVmH$ A^mddmZ²'' ewÕmÛ¡V ‘mZm J`m h¡. Bgogab eãXmdbr‘| g‘PZm hmo Vmo {H$gr {deof àH$maHo$ kmZH$m H$ht Z hmoZmCgH$m ewÕmÛ¡VbjU{d{eï> hmoZm h¡. Ohm§ VH$ AÝ`mÝ` doXmÝVgåàXm`m|Ho$‘Vm|go Bg ewÕmÛ¡VbjUHo$ Ag§H$sU© hmoZoH$s ~mV hmo Vmo lrn{V^JdËnmXmMm ©Ho${deofmÛ¡Vgo Bg bjUHo$ AmYmana n¥WH²$ H$a nmZm XwîH$a bJVm h¡. ahr BgA^mddÎmmH$s H$Wm Vmo Š`m Bgo {df`{df{`^mdê$n gå~ÝYà`wŠV boZr `mAml`ml{`^mdê$n gå~ÝYà wŠV boZr? `{X {df`{df{`^md gå~ÝYà wŠVboVo h¢ Vmo "" o KQ> Am¡a nQ> XmoZm| {^ÝZ h¢'' Eogo ~moY‘| Z Vmo KQ> Am¡a nQ> Ho$

~rM H$m ©H$maU^md hmoVm h¡ Am¡a Z A§em§{e^md `m ì`mß`ì`mnH$^md hr. EogrpñW{V‘| H$m`©H$maUm^mdm{Xà`wŠV {ÛËd Z hmoZoHo$ H$maU d¡gm {ÛËd{d{eï>-KQ>-nQ>-{df`H$ ^oX kmZ‘| ^m{gV Zht hmoJm. AV… Eogo kmZHo$ {df`V`mKQ>nQ> oXH$mo ^r ewÕmÛ¡Vê$n ‘mZZm n‹S>oJm. `{X Bgo Bï> hr ‘mZ| V~ ^r ""bjUAm¡a à‘mU go dñVw {gÕ hmoVr hmoZo''Ho$ {Z`‘Ho$ AZwamoYde bjUm¡{MË`Ho${d‘e©Ho$ g‘` ewÕmÛ¡VHo$ gmÜ` hmoZogo hr ewÕmÛ¡VkmZ àË`j~m{YV hmo Om oJm.`{X Bgo lw{Vàm‘mÊ`Ho$ àm~ë`de ~m{YV Z ^r ‘mZ| V~ ^r ewÕmÛ¡VAÝ`moÝ`m^mdê$n oXH$m nm[a^m{fH$ nX‘mÌ ah OmZogo bjUH$s AÝ`Wmonn{ÎmJbon{VV hmoJr.

AV… kmZm^mdÎmmH$mo Aml`ml{`^mdê$n gå~ÝYà wŠV ‘mZVo h¢ Vmo {ebmAm{X O‹S> nXmWm]‘|, {Z{d©H$ënH$kmZdmZ² AWdm ‘y{N©>V `m {Z{ÐV nwéfm|‘| ^rA{Vì`mßV ‘mZZm n‹S>oJm. ""gdª Ibw BX§ ~«ô‘'' (N>mÝXmo. Cn.3&14&1)lw{VdMZHo$ AmYmana g^r Hw$N> ~«ô‘ê$n hmoZogo gd©Ì ewÕmÛ¡VHo$ A^rï> hmoZoH$s~mV H$hr Om`, V~ Vmo em§H$am|H$s ‘m`mdmXmZwgmar ‘{VH$mo ^r gd©Ho$ AÝVJ©V~«ô‘ê$nV`m ‘mÝ` H$a boZm C{MV hmoZogo, ewÕmÛ¡VHo$ bjU‘| BVaì`mdV©ZH$sAnojm hr ah Zht Om oJr. ewÕmÛ¡VHo$ bjUn[aîH$ma‘| C^ar Bg Ag‘ÄOgVmHo$~rO J«ÝWH$maHo$ Jwé ewÕmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$maHo$ VmXmËå`H$mo ^oXm^oXê$n ‘mZZoHo$Ag‘r{jVm{^YmZHo$ de hr hþ r bJVr h¡. AVEd ewÛmÛ¡V‘mV©ÊS>H$maHo$-

""ewÕmÛ¡V{dXm|H$s àVr{V Vmo CÎm‘ h¡ naÝVw oXm oXH$s àVr{V‘Ü`‘H$jmH$s OmZZr Mm{h`o. AV… ewÕmÛ¡VHo$ AZwamoYde‘Ü`‘H$jmH$s àVr{VH$mo ^r Jmoñdm‘r lrnwéfmoÎm‘Or VWmlr‘XmMm`©MaUZo ^r H$ht-H$ht ‘mÝ` aIr h¡.''

(ewÕm.‘mV©.34-35). Bg CX²JmaH$m ’${bVmW© ñd`§ ‘hmà^wH$mo A{^‘V ewÕmÛ¡VHo$ ñdê$ngo

ñdVÝÌ ewÕmÛ¡VHo$ à{VnmXZmW© h¡ AWdm lr‘XmMm ©MaU VWm lrnwéfmoÎm‘OrHo$ ewÕmÛ¡Vgå~ÝYr à{VnmXZm|H$mo gd©Ì ewÕmÛ¡VnaH$ boZoHo$ ~Om` oXm oXnaH$boVo ahZoH$s gmdYmZrH$m {ZX}eZ h¡, `h ñ’w$Q> Zht hmo nmVm AñVw.

ewÕmÛ¡VdmXH$m lm¡V ‘yb VWm VwbZmË‘H$ ñdê$n :

27 28

~«ô‘ VÎd `{X Cn{ZfËà{VnmÚ hmo Vmo g^r doXmÝVHo$ gåàXm`m|H$m BgAW©‘| ~«ô‘dmXr hmoZm Vmo AZwŠV{gÕ hr h¡ naÝVw ~«ô‘Ho$ VWm ~«ô‘go CËnÝZAm¡a Cg‘| pñWV Am¡a brZ hmoZodmbo O‹S>OrdmË‘H$ OJV²Ho$ nañna gå~ÝYm|H$sì`m»`mAm|‘| AmYma^yV Cn{ZfX²dMZm|Ho$ nmW©Š`Ho$ H$maU doXmÝVHo$ {MÝVZ‘|AZoH${dY gåàXm`m|H$m CX² d H¡$go hþdm, Bg VwbZmË‘H$ VÏ`Ho$ AdbmoH$ZmW©AYmo{Z{X©ï> lw{VdMZmdbr VWm lw{Vì`m»`mdbr na Ñ{ï>nmV Amdí`H$ bJVmh¡ :

(1)Ho$dbmÛ¡V‘V(dmŠ`)

EH$‘odm{ÛVr § + BÝÐmo ‘m`m{^… nwéê$n B© Vo.(ì`m»`m)

gOmVr` {dOmVr` ñdJV oXmË`ÝVm^mdmonb{jV + ‘m`monm{YH$ì`mdhm[aH$/àm{V^m{gH$ ^oX

(2)Am¡nm{YH$Û¡VmÛ¡V‘V(dmŠ`)

EH$‘odm{ÛVr § + namñ` epŠV{d©{dY¡d ly Vo.(ì`m»`m)

H$maUê$nH$m AÛ¡V + epŠVH$m`©^yVm|H$m Û¡V

(3){d{eï>mÛ¡V‘V(dmŠ`)

EH$‘odm{ÛVr § + `… n¥{Wì`m§ {Vð>Z²...AÝVamo `‘`{V(ì`m»`m)

{d{eï>H$m AÛ¡V + {deofU-{deoî`m|H$m Am¡a {deofUm|H$m Û¡V

(4)Û¡V‘V

(dmŠ`)EH$‘odm{ÛVr § + kmkm¡ Ûm¡ AOm¡ B©emZrem¡

(ì`m»`m)ñdJVgOmVr`-Û¡Vam{hË` + nma‘m{W©H$ {dOmVr`Û¡V

(5){deofmÛ¡V‘V(dmŠ`)

EH$‘odm{ÛVr`§ + g `Wm ZÚ…...g‘wЧàmß`AñV§JÀN>pÝV{^ÚÝVoVmgm§Zm‘ê$nog‘wÐBË`od

(ì`m»`m)g^r ñdm^m{dH$ oX{^ÝZm|H$m ~«÷mÝVb© mh© AÛ¡V + AZm{XgmÝV nma‘m{W©H$

Û¡V

(6)A{d^mJmÛ¡V‘V(dmŠ`)

EH$‘odm{ÛVr § + `Wm½Zo… jwÐm… {dñ’w$qbJm… ì wÀMapÝV(ì`m»`m)

AmH$memon‘{ZË`m{dH$m[a-A{Yð>mZ‘|A{d^mJê$nAÛ¡V +g¥{ï>‘|A{ZË`Zm‘ê$n{d^mOZê$nÛ¡V

(7)ewÕmÛ¡V‘V(dmŠ`)

EH$‘odm{ÛVr § + VX² EojV ~hþ ñ`m§ àOm o(ì`m»`m)

~«÷ñdê$nñdm^m{dH$ AÛ¡V + Zm‘-ê$n-H$‘©-OrdZmZmËdê$n EopÀN>H$ Û¡V

29 30

doXmÝVHo$ BZ {d{dY gåàXm`m|‘| A{^àoV Û¡V Ed§ AÛ¡V Ho$ nañna gå~ÝY‘ybH$ñdê$n oXm|H$mo aoImË‘H$ àVrH${MÌm|Ûmam ^r EH$ ~ma {ZaI H$a gw{ZYm©[aV H$aboZm Cn wŠV hmoJm. AV… Û¡V Am¡a AÛ¡V XmoZm|Ho$ Xmo-Xmo d¥Îm ~Zm H$a CZHo$nañna AÝV^m©d `m ~{h^m©d H$mo `m| {M{ÌV {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡ :

doXmÝVHo$ {d{dY gåàXm`m|Ûmam CZH$s YmaUmAm|Ho$ ‘yb‘| aho lw{VdMZAm¡a CZH$s {d{dY ì`m»`mAm|Ho$ {dh§JmdbmoH$Z H$aZona EH$ ~mV Vmo `h{~bHw$b ñnï> hmo OmVr h¡ {H$ BZ g^rHo$ ~rM ~«mpô‘H$ AÛ¡VHo$ ~mao‘| ‘V oXCVZo A{YH$ Zht h¡ {OVZo {H$ Cg ~«ô‘Ho$ gmW O‹S>OrdmË‘H$ OJV²Ho$ gå~ÝYH$mobo H$a ‘V oX Vrd« hþdo h¢. Xygar ~mV `h {H$ {H$gr Z {H$gr VahH$m Û¡V Vmo-Am¡a {H$gr Z {H$gr VahH$m AÛ¡V-g^r gåàXm`m|H$mo A{^àoV h¡ hr. AV… h‘XoI gH$Vo h¢ {H$ "" oX h¡ `m A oX?'' Bg àíZH$mo bo H$a ‘V oX CVZo ZhtC^ao h¢ {OVZo Û¡V h¡ Vmo H¡$gm h¡ Am¡a AÛ¡V h¡ Vmo H¡$gm? `m| "Û¡V' `m "AÛ¡V'nXm|Ho$ gmW Omo‹S>o OmVo {deofUm|Ho$ H$maU ‘V oX C^ao h¢. Û¡VmÛ¡VdmXr hmoZona ^rlr^mñH$amMm © "Am¡nm{YH$' {deofU Û¡VmÛ¡VdmXHo$ gmW Omo‹S>Zm MmhVo h¢, Vmolrn{V^JdËnmXmMm © AÛ¡VdmXHo$ gmW "{deof' {deofU Omo‹S>Zm MmhVo h¢, Vmolr{dkmZ{^jw AÛ¡VdmX Ho$ gmW "A{d^mJ' {deofU Omo‹S>Zm MmhVo h¢. BgrVah ewÕmÛ¡VdmXH$m ‘V oX g‘rnVadVu BZ AdYmaUmAm|Ho$ gmW Bg AW©‘| h¡{H$ AÛ¡V `hm§ ñdm^m{dH$ h¡ Vmo Û¡V EopÀN>H$ h¡. AV… Û¡VH$m gd©Wm AñdrH$maVmo em§H$a doXmÝV‘| r CnbãY Zht hmoVm. Š`moqH$ dhm§ r nma‘m{W©H$ AZm¡nm{YH$AÛ¡VHo$ gmW hr gmW ì`mdhm[aH$ Am¡a àm{V^m{gH$ ‘m`monm{YH$ Û¡V Vmo ‘mÝ`aIo hr J o h¢.

~«ô‘dmXHo$ AmYmana àñVm{dV ewÕmÛ¡VdmXr Ñ{ï>H$s nm[a^m{fH$Vm:

AV… Cn{ZfËà{VnmÚ ~«ô‘Ho$ A§JrH$maHo$ AW©‘| Vmo doXmÝVHo$ g^r gåàXm`~«ô‘dmXr h¢ hr naÝVw EVmdVm g^rH$mo ewÛmÛ¡VdmXr ‘mZm Zht Om gH$Vm. BgrVah maVr` Xe©Z‘| CXmhaU Z r {‘b nm o naÝVw nmíMmË` Xe©Z‘| Idealistic

Monism ~mh² OJV²H$mo H$mën{ZH$ ‘mZ H$a CgHo$ A{Yð>mZ yV VÎdHo$ AÛ¡VhmoZoHo$ {gÕmÝVH$s VwbZm‘|, ~mh² OJV²H$mo dmñV{dH$ ‘mZ CgHo$ CnmXmZ yVVÎdHo$ ^mdê$n AÛ¡V hmoZoH$m {gÕmÝV Realistic Monism ßbmo{VZg², Om°Ýh²ñH$m°Q>g² E[aOoZm, Hy$gm {ZH$mobg², Vmo‘mgmo Ho$ånmZobm, ~méµH²$ pñnZmoµOm, erqbJ²Am¡a E.EZ². ìhmB©Q²>hoS²> O¡go Xme©{ZH$m|Ho$ {MÝVZ‘| ^r {‘bVm hr h¡. `o g^r{H$gr Z {H$gr àH$mago ewÕmÛ¡VdmXH$m hr g‘W©Z H$aVo h¢. AV… ewÕmÛ¡VdmXHo$àË oH$ àH$ma‘| CgH$m ~«ô‘dmXna Adbpå~V hmoZm ^r {gÕ Zht hmo nmVm.

AÛ¡VÛ¡V

Û¡V AÛ¡V

AÛ¡V

AÛ¡V

AÛ¡V

Û¡V

Û¡V

Û¡V

Ho$dbmÛ¡VdmX

Am¡nm{YH$Û¡VmÛ¡VdmX

{deofmÛ¡VdmX/A{d^mJmÛ¡VdmX

Û¡VdmX/{d{eîQ>mÛ¡VdmX

ewÕmÛ¡VdmX

31 32

AV… ‘hmà^w lrdëb^mMm`©H$mo Omo A{^‘V hmo gHo$ Eogo ewÕmÛ¡VdmX Am¡a~«ô‘dmX Ho$ ~rM nmañn[aH$ gå~ÝY {ZYm©[aV H$aZm Amdí`H$ hmo OmVm h¡.

O¡gm {H$ h‘ XoI MwHo$ VXZwgma lw{Và{VnmÚ `{X ~«ô‘ EH$‘od A{ÛVr`hmo AWm©V² gOmVr` {dOmVr` Ed§ ñdJV oXm|go {dd{O©V hmo Vmo {ÛËdàH$maH$kmZH$m {df` dh ‘ybñdê$noU Vmo hmo Zht gH$Vm. AV… O~ Eogo Cg ~«ô‘Ho$~mao‘| lw{V H$hVr h¡ {H$ ""`h Ñí`‘mZ² g^r Hw$N> nhbo ~«ô‘ hr Wm. CgZoAnZo-AmnHo$ ~mao‘| gmoMm {H$ "‘¢ Vmo ~«ô‘ hþ§' AVEd dh g^r Hw$N> ~ZJ`m'' (~¥h.Cn.1&4&10) Vmo Eogr pñW{V‘| ~«ô‘Ho$ ^rVa Omo H$m ©H$maU^md`m A§em§{e^md àH$Q> hþdm, CZ‘| H$m © `m A§e Am¡a H$maU `m A§er XmoZm|H$mhr ~«ô‘mË‘H$ hmoZm Amdí`H$ hmo OmVm h¡. AÝ`Wm ñdJV ^oXH$s Amn{ÎmAm oJr, ~«ô‘H$m H$moB© gOmVr` `m {dOmVr` nXmW© Z ^r hmo V~ ^r. EogrpñW{V‘| "AÛ¡V'nXHo$ gmW "ewÕ' {deofU Omo‹S>Zona {H$g AÝ`H$m ì`mdV©ZeŠ` ‘mZZm? `h àíZ CR>Vm h¡. Bg àíZH$m g‘mYmZ ImoOZo OmZona lw{VHo$AZwgma `m ñd‘V‘| Vmo H$moB© ì`mdV©Zr` {‘b Zht gH$Vm. AVEd ‘hmà^wH$hVo h¢ :

""~«ô‘dmXHo$ {dMma H$aZona Vmo {H$gr ^r VahH$s {ZépŠV `mbjU (bú`oVaHo$ ì`mdV©ZmW©) àñVwV Zht {H$`m Om gH$Vm.Š`m|{H$ O~ g^r Hw$N> ~«ô‘ hmo Vmo, Z Vmo ~«ô‘oVaV`m ì`mdV©Zr`H$moB© dñVw hmo gH$Vr h¡ Am¡a Z ~«ô‘‘| Eogm H$moB© BVaì`mdV©H$AgmYmaU JwUY‘© hr ‘mZm `m {XIbm`m Om gH$Vm h¡. AV…~«ô‘‘|go EopÀN>H$ ^oX{^ÝZ bmoH$Ho$ àH$Q> hm oZ oHo$ ~mX hr(~«ô‘‘r‘m§gm¡n{`H$ bjU-à‘mU{ZYm©aUHo$ ) ì`dhma gå^d~ZVo h¢.''

(nÌmdbå~Z : 3).

Bg {dYmZH$m ‘‘© ^br^m§{V g‘PZm hmo Vmo nwZ… Cn{ZfX²‘| {‘bVo ~«ô‘Ho$ñdê$nbjU Am¡a CgH$s lwVmWm©n{Îm AdbmoH$Zr` h¢. gd©àW‘ dhm§ ~«ô‘Ho$ñdê$nbjUHo$ ê$n‘| h H$hm J`m {H$ XoeV… H$mbV… Am¡a ñdê$nV… An[apÀN>ÝZ

gÎmm Am¡a M¡VÝ` hmoZm ~«ô‘H$m ñdê$n h¡. `Ú{n ‘m`mdmX‘| Bg gÎmm-M¡VÝ`H$sAn[apÀN>ÝZVmH$mo Vm{H©$H$ {Z`{Vgo ‘wŠV H$aZoH$mo A{dÚmê$nm ‘m`mH$mogXgX²{dbjU A{Zd©MZr` ñdê$nmZm{X Am¡a VÁOÝ`{df`g¥{ï>H$mo gXgX²{dbjUA{Zd©MZr` àdmhmZm{X ‘mZm J`m h¡. `m| ~«mpô‘H$s gÎmm-MoVZmH$sAn[apÀN>ÝZVm‘| ~mYH$ Z hmo nmZodmbr Anma‘m{W©H$s gÎmm ñdrH$ma br J`rh¡. AV… h‘ XoI gH$Vo h¢ {H$ ~«ô‘H$s ñdê$nbjUm¡n{`H$s An[apÀN>ÝZVmH$mnj boZoH$mo ~«ô‘H$s H$m ©bjUm¡n{`H$s An[apÀN>ÝZVmHo$ gmW AÝ`m` hmo J`mh¡ Š`m|{H$ Cn{ZfX²‘| ñdê$nbjUHo$ gmW hr gmW {X o H$m ©bjU‘| Vmo gwñnï>eãXm|‘| `h Am¡a H$hm J`m h¡ {H$ ""gË`kmZmZÝVñdê$n ~«ô‘mË‘m‘| go hrAmH$mem{X nÄM ‘hm yVê$n g¥{ï>‘| nwZ… ~«ô‘bjUmH«$mÝV AÝZ AÝZ‘`àmU‘` ‘Zmo‘` {dkmZ‘` VWm AmZÝX‘` m| H$moemon‘ CÎmamoÎma AÝVd©VrAmË‘ê$n àH$Q> hþdo h¢.'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&1-5).

AV… h‘ ñnï>ê$n‘| XoI gH$Vo h¢ {H$ AmË‘g¥ï> AmH$mem{X O‹S>ê$n Am¡aAÝZ‘`m{X Ordê$n, XmoZm|‘| CnmgZmW© Zht àË`wV ñd`§ ~«ô‘ê$n AmË‘mHo$A{ZVagm{Mì`de gd©Ì ~«ô‘ê$nVm à{Vnm{XV hþ`r h¡. Eogr pñW{V‘|gXgX²{dbjU Anma‘m{W©H$ hr ghr ~«ô‘oVa {H$gr H$maU nXmW©H$m ~«ô‘H$sAn[apÀN>ÝZ gÎmm-MoVZmHo$ ^dZ‘| {nN>bo Ûmago àdoe `{X Cn{ZfXm|H$mo ‘mÝ`hmoVm Vmo dhm§ Eogm H$^r H$hm Zht OmVm {H$-

""Omo ~«ô‘H$s An[apÀN>ÝZ gÎmmMoVZmH$m AñdrH$ma H$aVm h¡,dh "‘¢ Zht hþ§' H$hZodmbm AgX² mfr ~Z OmVm h¡... Š`m|{H$ EogmH$hZodmbm O~ Bg bmoH$H$m Ë`mJ H$a AÝ`Ì OmVm h¡ Vmo dhOmZodmbm H$m¡Z h¡? O~ EH$ ~«ô‘kmZr bmoH$Ë`mJ H$aVm h¡ Vmo dh~«ô‘H$s AÝ` {H$gr AdñWm `m ñdê$n H$mo àmßV H$aVm h¡ `m Zht?dh ~«ô‘kmZr ~«ô‘ñdê$n àmßV H$aVm hr h¡, Š`m|{H$ ~«ô‘Zo hrH$m‘Zm H$s, {H$ "‘¢ EH$ AZoH$ ~Z OmD$§'... CgrZo `h g~ Hw$N>{gaOm Am¡a AnZr g¥{ï>Ho$ ^rVa à{dï> hþdm... à{dï> hmo H$a dhràË`j Am¡a namoj OJV² ~Zm. {ZéŠV Am¡a A{ZéŠV ~Zm. gmYmaAm¡a {ZamYma ~Zm. {dkmZ Am¡a A{dkmZ ~Zm. gË` Am¡a AZ¥V ^r

33 34

dhr ~Zm. Bg{b o `h Omo Hw$N> hmo Cgo "gË`' H$hZm Mm{h o. `h{XIbm`r XoVr g¥{ï> nhbo Zht Wr Am¡a ~mX‘| ~Zr hm| Eogr bJVrh¢ (Eogm naÝVw gM‘wM‘| Zht. Š`m|{H$ ) CgZo AnZo-AmnH$mo hrg¥{ï>Ho$ ê$n‘| {Zînm{XV {H$`m. AVEd `h CgH$m gwH¥$V h¡. g¥{ï>‘|Omo Hw$N> h¡ dh CgH$m gwH¥$V hr h¡. dhr Vmo ag h¡. Bgr agH$mo nm H$aAmZÝXr ~Zm Om gH$Vm h¡. AÝ`Wm Bg AmH$me‘| ~«ô‘ ^am hþdmZ hmoVm Vmo H$m¡Z gm§g boZm MmhVm Am¡a àmUr ~ZZm MmhVm? CgrHo$H$maU AmZÝXmZw y{V hmoVr h¡. Omo H$moB© Bg AÑí`, (Š`m|{H$ dhñd`§ g^rHo$ ^rVa AmË‘ê$n h¡, H$moB© CgHo$ ^rVa AmË‘V`mAdpñWV Z hmoZogo) AZmËå`, A{ZéŠV VWm {ZOmË‘m‘| hr à{V{ð>VahVm h¡. Eogo Cg‘| Omo à{V{ð>V hmo nmVm h¡ CgHo$ gmao ^` {Zd¥Îm hmoOmVo h¢. Bg An[apÀN>ÝZ‘|, naÝVw, Omo {H$gr VahH$s n[apÀN>ÝZVmàH$Q> H$aZm MmhVm h¡ Cgo Vmo ^`^rV hr hmoZm n‹S>Vm h¡.''

(V¡{Îm.Cn.2&6-7). `hm§ gwñnï> eãXm|‘| A{dkmZ-`{X gÎdmgÎdoZ A{ZéŠV aIZm hmo V~

^r-^r gË`kmZmZÝV ~«ô‘ Ûmam {b`m J`m EH$ ê$n ‘mZm J`m h¡. EogrñdrH¥${VHo$ AmYmana Bg A{dÚmê$nm ‘m`m‘| ^r ~«ô‘H$s ñdê$nmn[apÀN>ÝZVmà{Vnm{XV hþ`r ‘mZZr n‹S>Vr h¡. AVEd ‘hmà^w H$hVo h¢ ""gd©^dZg‘W©^JdmZ²H$s àH$Q> hmoZodmbr AZoH$mZoH$ epŠVAm|‘| {dÚm Am¡a A{dÚm ^rXmo epŠV`m§ hmoVr h¢. BZHo$ H$maU ^JdX§eê$n Ord g§gmago ‘wŠV `mg§gma‘| ~Õ hmoVo ahVo h¢. o H$^r, naÝVw, ñd § na‘oídaH$mo à^m{dV ZhtH$a nmVr'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&31). AV… H$m ©g¥{ï>H$mo ^r A~«ô‘mpË‘H$m ‘mZmo V^rñdJV n[aÀN>oX hmoVm h¡ AÝ`Wm Zht. `h gwpñWa hþdm.

"ewÕmÛ¡V' nXHo$ KQ>H$ H$‘©Yma` Am¡a VËnwéf g‘mgm| Ûmam àH$Q> hmoVo{Û{dY ñdmañ` :

H$moeHo$ AZwgma "ewÕ'nXHo$ Xmo AW© hmoVo h¢ : 1.nyV Am¡a 2.Ho$db. A~nyV hmoZoHo$ AW©‘| ~«ô‘ `m CgHo$ AÛ¡V na nhbo An{dÌ hmo OmZoHo$ AÜ`mamonaIo {~Zm "ewÕ' nX gmW©H$ hmo Zht nm`oJm. Am¡a "Ho$db' AW© boZona Vmo"ewÕmÛ¡V'nX nwZ… Ho$dbmÛ¡V hmoZoH$m ^md àH$Q> H$aoJm.

AV… AJ{VH$V`m AÜ`mamo{nV An{dÌVmH$mo AkmZ g§e` AWdm «mpÝVdeàVrV hmoVr ‘mZZr n‹S>oJr. AV… ~«ô‘Ho$ ñdê$nbjUV`m ""Omo ewÕ ^r hmo Am¡aAÛ¡V ^r hmo'' Eogm H$‘©Yma` g‘mg gmoMm Om gH$Vm h¡. BgH$m ’${bVmW© hmoJm: ~«ô‘Ho$ gOmVr`V`m `m ~«ô‘go {dOmVr`V`m, H$pënV `m g§ m{dV {H$gr ^rnXmW©Ho$ H$maU, ~«ô‘H$m AÛ¡V An{dÌ Zht hmoVm.

AWdm "ewÕ'nXH$mo Ho$dbmW©H$ ‘mZZona nydm}ŠV "EH$‘od' lwË`§eH$mn`m© dmMH$ "ewÕ'nXH$mo ‘mZZm Mm{h o. AWm©V² ~«ô‘Ho$ g‘mZ Om{Vdmbm H$moB©AÝ` nXmW© hmo Zht gH$Vm. Bgr Vah "AÛ¡V' nX ^r Cgr "A{ÛVr`' lwË §eHo$n`m© V`m ñdrH$maZm n‹S>oJm {H$ ~«ô‘go {dOmVr` ^r H$moB© nXmW© hmo Zht gH$Vm.

`m| ñdê$nbjUmW©H$ H$‘©Yma` g‘mgHo$ H$maU {‘bVo AW©H$m {d‘e© H$aboZona VËnwéf g‘mgm{lV "ewÕmÛ¡V' nXH$m ^md ~«ô‘Ho$ H$m ©bjUHo$ gÝX ©‘|gmoMm Om gH$Vm h¡.

àíZ `hm§ CR>Vm h¡ {H$ Š`m gOmVr`-{dOmVr` oXm|go a{hV ~«ô‘‘| H$m ©-H$maUê$nm| AWdm A§em§{eê$nm|H$m àmXw m©d ~«ô‘‘| ñdJV oX àH$Q> H$aoJm {H$Zht? H$m`©-A§e Am{X ê$nm|‘| Am¡a H$maU-A§er Am{X ê$nm|‘| ~«ô‘oVaV`mH$pënV `m gå^m{dV {H$gr ^r nXmW©Ho$ Û¡Vgo a{hV ~«ô‘H$mo ‘mZZona ""ñd §AnZogo {^ÝZ Zht Eogo ewÕ H$m`m] `m ewÕ A§em| H$m hr ~«ô‘ ewÕ H$maU VWmewÕ A§er ~ZVm h¡. AV… XmoZm| ewÕm|H$m hr AÛ¡V h¡'' Eogm VËnwéf g‘mgHo$H$maU Úmo{VV hmoVm h¡. AV… ñdJV oX ^r AmnmXZr` Zht ah OmVm.

`hm§ EH$ e§H$m C^aVr h¡ {H$ O‹S> nXmWm]‘| {MXmZÝXm§eHo$ {VamoYmZde OmoCËn{Îm pñW{V {dn[aU{V d¥{Õ Anj` Am¡a {dZme ê$n N>h ^md{dH$ma AZw yVhmoVo h¢, do `m Vmo ~«ô‘‘| ^r ñdrH$maZo n‹S>|Jo AWdm CÝh| ~«ô‘‘| Z ‘mZZona~«ô‘Ho$ gX§eê$n O‹S> H$m`m]Ho$ H$maU ~«ô‘‘| ñdJV oXH$s Amn{Îm Vmo Am oJrhr. Bgr Vah {MX§e Ord‘| AmZÝXm§eHo$ {VamoYmZde Xoh BpÝÐ` àmU AÝV…H$aUAm¡a {ZOñdê$nHo$ AkmZ ê$nr nm§M Am{dÚH$ AÜ`mg àH$Q> hmoVo h¢, do ^r `mVmo ~«ô‘‘| ñdrH$maZo n‹S>|Jo Am¡a ~«ô‘‘| Z ñdrH$maZona ~«ô‘Ho$ {MX§e‘| BZAm{dÚH$ AÜ`mgm|Ho$ H$maU ~«ô‘‘| ñdJV oXH$s Amn{Îm Am oJr hr.

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BZ Amn{Îm`m|Ho$ g‘mYmZmW© ewÕmÛ¡VdmX‘| H$m`m] m A§em| ‘| gpÀMXmZÝXê$n~«ô‘H$s AZoH$Ym AÝVì`m©pßVna Ü`mZ {Xbdm`m OmVm h¡. Zm‘e… :gX§emonmXZV`m, gd© dZg‘W©V`m VWm gË`g§H$ëngm‘Ï ©Ho$ de ñdmÝV{Z©{hVñdmË‘H$ Zm‘-ê$n-H$‘m ]H o $ Am{d^m ©dH$V`m, {MX§em oH o $ A§{eV`m,gdm©ÝV`m©{‘V`m, nañna gd©{df‘m|‘o gd©g‘V`m, gd©ê$nV`m Am{X ê$nm|‘|.AV… {OZ ~«ô‘monmXmZH$ nXmWm]‘| Ho$db gÎmm `m M¡VÝ` àH$Q> AZw yV hmoVo h¢,dhm§ ^r Ad{eï> {MX§e `m Ad{eï> AmZÝXm§e H$m EoH$mpÝVH$ A^md ‘mZZoHo$~Om` {Vamo md hr ‘mZm OmVm h¡. AVEd CnmXo H$m © VÎdm|‘| H$maUVÎdHo$VWm A§em|‘| A§erHo$ ^r AÝV{Z©{hV hmoZogo ~«ô‘Ho$ ^rVa ñdJV oXHo$ A^mdH$sAmn{Îm A{dMm[aV bJVr h¡, bmoH$àË`j‘| ~«ô‘Ho$ AÝV{Z©{hV hmoZoH$m VÏ`AZd^m{gV ahVm hmoZogo. "{Vamo md'nXH$m AW© hmoVm h¡ : {H$gr dñVwHo$ {dÚ‘mZhmoZona^r m Vmo CgH$s AW©{H«$`mH$m[aVm àH$Q> Z hmoZr m CgH$s AZw y{VJmoMaVmàH$Q> Z hmoZr; `m XmoZm| hr. AV… Eogr pñW{V‘| AkmZr OZm|H$s àVr{VHo$ deñdJV oXH$s C^aVr Amn{Îm dñVwV… {Q>H$ Zht nmVr.

Bg {ddoMZmHo$ ~bna ewÕmÛ¡VdmXH$s CXmhaUmonn{Îm-gwdU©Ho$ Hw$ÊS>bmË‘Zmn[aUV hmoZona ^r gwdU©ê$nVm Z Imo XoZoHo$ H$maU-bm¡{H$H$ CXmhaUÛmam Xagm`rOm gH$Vr h¡. ~«ô‘dmXHo$ CnnmXZmW©, naÝVw, bm¡{H$H$ CXmhaU ImoO nmZm eŠ`Zht. ‘yb‘| BgH$m H$maU `hr h¡ {H$ ~«ô‘H$mo CnmXmZ `m g‘dm`r H$maU ^r‘mZm J`m h¡, Vmo A{dH$mar ^r ‘mZm J`m h¡. H$Vm© ^r ‘mZm J`m h¡ Am¡aBVaH$aUm|H$s Anojmgo a{hV ^r.gd©k ‘mZm J`m h¡ Vmo AmZÝXê$nm brbmAm|‘|{dhmaH$mar ^r. EVmdVm {gÕ hmo OmVm h¡ {H$ "ewÕmÛ¡VdmX'H$mo, ‘hmà^wHo$‘VHo$ à‘wI A{^YmZ hmoZoHo$ nXna A{^{fŠV H$aZm hmo Vmo, dh ~«ô‘dmXH$mghmam {b o {~Zm eŠ` Zht. "~«ô‘dmX'-ñd‘VmZwê$n n[a^m{fV m An[a^m{fVAW©‘| ^r-nXgo A{^Yo AdYmaUmH$mo ‘hmà wHo$ ‘VHo$ à‘wI A{^YmZ hmoZoHo$nXna A{^{fŠV H$aZm hmo Vmo Cgo "ewÕmÛ¡V'nXH$s Anojm {Z`V Zht bJVr h¡.

ewÕmÛ¡VdmXHo$ à‘wI KQ>H$ `m AmYma yV AmR> dmX :

AV… ewÕmÛ¡VdmXH$mo ‘hmà wHo$ ‘VHo$ à‘wI A{^YmZV`m gm§Jmonm§J {ZhmaZmhmo Vmo AYmo{Z{X©îQ> dmX A{Zdm ©V`m AmYma yV AdYmaUmAm|Ho$ ê$n‘| ‘mÝ`H$aZo hr n‹S>Vo h¢ :

1.~«ô‘dmX.2.{déÕY‘m©l`VmdmX.3.A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZH$maUVmdmX.4.gËH$maUVmdmX.5.gËH$m`©dmX.6.Am{d^m©d{Vamo^mddmX.7.H$m`©H$maUVmXmËå`dmX VWm A§em§{eVmXmËå`dmX.8.brbmW©g¥{ï>dmX.

BZ AmR>m|Ho$ AmR>m| dmXm|Ho$ CnmoX²~bH$ lw{VdMZ Am¡a ‘hmà wHo$ dMZm|‘|ñdrH¥$V CZHo$ {ZîH$f© XmoZm| hr AUw mî`àW‘mÜ`m`Ho$ àW‘IÊS>H$s y{‘H$m‘|{X o hr h¢. gmo {deof {Okmgm hmoZona dhtgo XoI boZm CnH$maH$ hmoJm. `hm§CZHo$ n[aJUZH$m à‘wI hoVw `h XagmZm h¡ {H$ BZ AmR> dmXm|Ho$ AÝVJ©V àW‘Am¡a ApÝV‘ dmX Ho$db lwË`oH$Jå` AdYmaUm`| h¢; O~{H$, Xygaogo gmVd|dmXm|dmbr AdYmaUm | bm¡{H$H$ àVr{V VWm wpŠV Ûmam Jå` ^r VWm CnnÝZ^r H$s Om gH$Vr h¢. BZ AmR> dmXm|H$mo AmYma yV dmŠ`V`m {ZhmaZona AWm©n{ÎmÛmamOmo ewÕmÛ¡VdmX {gÕ hmoVm h¡, Cgo hr ‘hmà^wHo$ Xme©{ZH$ {MÝVZHo$ à‘wIhmoZoH$s nXdrna A{^{fŠV {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡.

`h Vmo ñnï> hr h¡ {H$ BZ AmR> dmXm|‘| ‘hmà wÛmam A§JrH¥$V gmar {H$ gmarXme©{ZH$ AdYmaUm | AÝV y©V hmo Zht nmVr. CXmhaUV`m, ànÄMg§gma oXdmX,OrdÌ¡{dÜ`dmX, H¥$nmbä`ËddmX, lrH¥$îUna~«ô‘ËddmX Am{X r dmëb^ ‘V‘|AZoH$mZoH$ A{Ve` àmUmon‘ Ym{‘©H$ `m Xme©{ZH$ AdYmaUm | h¢. ~«ô‘dmXHo$AÝVJ©V, naÝVw, o g^r AmÝV[aH$ d¡Mm[aH$ g§J{VHo$ de ‘hÎdnyU© hmoZona ^r

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ñd § ~«ô‘dmXHo$ à‘wI m A{dZm^mdr A{^àm`‘| AmYma yV m {Z`V {ZîH$f©ê$nAdYmaUm | Zht h¢.

BZ AmR> dmXm|Ho$ Abmdm ewÕmÛ¡VdmX‘| A{^‘V nXmW©‘r‘m§gm, {OgHo$AÝVJ©V : ~«ô‘H$s 1.ñdê$nH$mo{Q> 2.H$maUH$mo{Q> VWm 3.H$m ©H$mo{Q>, `m| VrZVahH$s H$mo{Q>`m§ n[aJ{UV hþ r h¢. BZ‘|-

(1)gpÀMXmZÝXê$n ~«ô‘Ho$ Y‘©Y{‘©^mdmË‘Zm {d^mOZdegV²={H«$`mepŠV, {MV²=kmZepŠV, VWm C^`{dYepŠV{d{eï>nyUm©ZÝXmË‘H$ Eoíd`©-dr`©-`e-lr-kmZ-d¡am½` Am{X AmZÝXmË‘H$Y‘© VWm AmZÝXmË‘H$ AmH$madmbo ñdê$n, g¥{ï>JV ‘ybVÎdàmpßVHo${d{dY gmYZm|Ho$ ’$bmË‘m na~«ô‘ nwéfmoÎm‘ ñdê$n, brbmg¥{ï>Ho$ AÝVJ©VgX§e yVm OS>g¥{ï>Ho$ {Z`‘ZmW© g‘{ï> AÝV`m©‘r Omo gH$b JwUmdVmam|Ed§ brbmdVmam| H$m AdVmar ~«ô‘mÊS>‘y{V© na‘mË‘m "Zmam`U' H$hbmVmh¡. Bg Zmam`UHo$ A§e^yV {MX§e^yVOrdm|‘| AÝV{d©amO‘mZ Ag§»`ì`{ï> AÝV`m©‘r. CŠV nwéfmoÎm‘H$s Xoe-H$mb-ñdê$nV… An[apÀN>ÝZgÎmm VWm MoVZm ê$nr gd©H$maUH$maU yV Aja~«ô‘, Omo AnZo ^rVag¥ï²>çW© H$mb-H$‘©-ñd^mdê$nm epŠVAm|H$mo àñ’w${Q>V H$aZodmbm ñdê$nhmoVm h¡.

(2)Eogo Aja~«ô‘Ho$ ñdê$n‘| go ~«ô‘mÊS>Ho$ àmH$Q²>çgo nyd©H$maUH$mo{Q>V`m àmW{‘H$ {d^mOZ Ûmam {H«$`mepŠV{d{eï> AWm©V² gÎd-aOg²-V‘moJwUm|H$s g‘{ï>ê$nm àH¥${V Am{d y©V hmoVr h¡. Cggo {MÎm Am¡a~w{Õ `m| Xmo ê$nm|‘| àH$Q> hmoVm ‘hV² VÎd. Cggo Ah§H$ma. Ah§H$magonm§M eãX-ñne©-ê$n-ag-JÝY VÝ‘mÌm, ‘Z, nm§M kmZopÝÐ` Am¡anm§M H$‘}pÝÐ`m§. AÝV‘| VÝ‘mÌmAm|Ho$ KZr^mdde àH$Q> hmoVo AmH$me-dm w-VoOg²-Amn²-n¥Ïdr. BVZr H$maUH$mo{Q>`m§ àH$Q> hmoVr h¡.

(3)ì`{ï> VWm g‘{ï> ê$nr H$m ©H$mo{Q> Vmo Ag§» o hmoZogo CZH$mdJuH$aU AZmdí`H$ ‘mZm J`m h¡.

BZH$m gw{deX {Zê$nU gd©{ZU©`, V¥Vr`ñH$ÝYgw~mo{YZr VWmàñWmZaËZmH$a J«ÝWm|‘| hþdm h¡. AV… {deof {Okmgm hmoZona dht BZH$mAdbmoH$Z ghm`H$ hmo gH$Vm h¡. Bg à‘o`~hþb nXmW©ì`dñWm‘| ~«ô‘ Vmo emñÌ¡H$Jå` ewÕmÛ¡V à‘o` h¡.

~«ô‘Ho$ Eogo ñdê$nHo$ ~mao‘| g¡ÕmpÝVH$ Ad~moYmW© lw{V ñ‘¥{V gyÌ nwamU AmJ‘Am{X AZoH$ emñÌm|H$s EH$dmŠ`VmnÝZ dMZamer hr à‘mU ‘mZr J`r h¡. CgemñÌ¡H$Jå` ~«ô‘H$s brbmHo$ ê$n‘| àH$Q> hmoZodmbo AZoH$mZoH$ Zm‘-ê$n-H$‘m]H$mo bm¡{H$H$ àË`j AZw‘mZ Am{X à‘mUm|go Jå` ‘mZm OmVm hmoZona ^rCZH$m ~«mpô‘H$ ‘ybñdê$n Vmo emñÌ¡H$Jå` hr ‘mZm J`m h¡.

`m| ~«ô‘dmXm{lV ewÕmÛ¡VdoXmÝVHo$ Bg ‘m¡{bH$ ê$nH$mo {ZaI boZoHo$ ~mXA~ dmXmdbrHo$ Bg MVwW© IÊS>‘| àH$mí`‘mZ J«ÝWm|Ho$ gmaHo$ AdbmoH$ZmW©AJ«ga hmoZm AdgamonmÎm hmoJm.

1.lrh[aam`‘hmZw^md{da{MV nÚmË‘H$ ~«ô‘dmX : {df` : g^r Cn{ZfXm|‘| ~«ô‘ Am¡a ànÄM H$m A oX à{Vnm{XV hþdm h¡.

Cg A oXH$m ñdê$n hr `hm§ à{VnmÚ {df` h¡. g§e`-nyd©nj : Bg‘| g§e` `h hmoVm h¡ {H$ h‘mar BpÝÐ`m|go JmoMa

hmoZodmbm ànÄM `{X ~«ô‘ê$n hmo Vmo, ~«ô‘Ho$ AJmoMa hmoZoHo$ H$maU `h ànÄM^r AJmoMa Š`m| Zht ahVm? nyd©njV`m Bgo ~«ô‘go {^ÝZ ^r ‘mZ boZo CÚVhmo Om | V~^r ~«ô‘mÛ¡VHo$ kmZrH$mo `h {XIbm`r XoVm ~ÝX hmoZm Mm{h o Wm.AV… ~«ô‘km{Z`m|Ho$ CXmhaUm|H$m {d‘e© H$aZona CÝh| ànÄM {XIbm`r XoVmhmoZoHo$ à‘mUm|Ho$ AmYmana ànÄMH$mo ~«ô‘go {^ÝZ ^r ‘mZm Zht Om gH$Vm.AV… ~«ô‘Ho$ gmW Z Vmo A oX Am¡a Z oX hr ñdrH$m © bJVm h¡.

{gÕmÝV : Cn{ZfXm|‘| ~«ô‘ Am¡a ànÄM H$m A oX hr à{Vnm{XV {‘bVmhmoZogo, ànÄM, dñVwV…, O¡gm h¡ d¡gm h‘| {XIbm`r Zht XoVm. h‘mao kmZHo$CnH$aUm| `m gmYZm| Ho$ AkmZgo Amd¥V hmoZoHo$ H$maU, Cg AmdaUHo$ a§J‘| a§Jm{XIbm`r XoVm hmoZogo, h‘mar AZw y{V à‘mU Zht ‘mZr Om gH$Vr. ~«ô‘kmZhmoVo hr ànÄMH$s ~«ô‘ê$nVmH$mo Amd¥V H$aZodmbm AkmZ Xya hmo OmVm hmoZogoCgH$m ~«ô‘mË‘H$ ñdê$n ^r AZw y{VJmoMa ~ZVm h¡. AV… ~«ô‘~moY Z hmoZonagË` ^r AgË`V`m àVrV hmoVm h¡ Am¡a ~«ô‘~moY hmoZona AgË` ^r gË`V`m

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AZw y{VJmoMa ~ZVm hmoZogo g^r Hw$N> ~«ô‘ê$n hmo OmVm h¡. Bg VahH$m ewÕ~«ô‘dmXöX`mê$‹T> hmoZona ‘V‘VmÝVam|‘| H$moB© ^r ‘hmà^wH$m AZw`m`r ^«{‘V Zht hmonmVm.

2.lrh[aam`‘hmZw^md{da{MV JÚmË‘H$ ~«ô‘dmX : {df` : nw{ï>^pŠV‘mJ©‘| ‘mhmËå`kmZnyd©H$ gwÑ‹T> gd©Vmo A{YH$ ñZohH$mo

^pŠVê$n ‘mZm OmVm h¡. AV… Eogr Bg ^pŠV‘| ~«ô‘Ho$ ‘mhmËå`H$m {Zê$nUH$aZodmbo ~«ô‘dmXH$m ñdê$n Š`m-H¡$gm h¡? AZoH$ lw{V`m|‘| EH$‘od A{ÛVr`~«ô‘Ho$ ànÄMê$noU Am{d y©V hmoZoHo$ à{VnmXZde ‘ybV… Vmo ~«ô‘ AÛ`ê$n hrhmoVm h¡. {’$a^r AnZr H«$s‹S>mHo$ A{Yð>mZV`m CgZo ñd § AnZo ^rVago ànÄMàH$Q> {H$`m. gmo Eogm ‘mhmËå` CgH$m OmZZona ànÄM ^JdmZ²Zo ñd^OZmW© hràH$Q> {H$`m h¡, Eogo kmZdmbo nw{ï>OrdH$mo AnZo OrdZHo$ à`moOZV`m ^OZg‘P‘| Am nmVm h¡.

g§e`-nyd©nj : g§e` `hm§ `h C^aVm h¡ {H$ EH$‘od A{ÛVr` ~«ô‘Ho$^rVa H$maU-H$m`© Am¡a ^OZr`-^ŠV `m| Xmo-Xmo ê$nm|H$m A§JrH$ma H$aZonaŠ`m Û¡Vmn{Îm Zht Am oJr? nyd©njV`m `hm§ `h H$hm Om ahm h¡ {H$ Am oJr hrŠ`m|{H$ : 1`{X ~«ô‘ EH$mH$s hmo Vmo ZmZmê$n dmñV{dH$ Zht hmo gH$Vo. 2ànÄMH$mo^JdÐÿn ‘mZZona ‘mojgmYZHo$ CnXoem|‘| àmnpÄMH$ {df`m|Ho$ ho hmoZoH$m CëboIg§JV Zht hmo nmVm. 3ñd § ^JdÐÿn `{X ànÄM hmo Vmo ^JdmZ²Ho$ ~Om` ànÄMHo$^OZ‘| ^r Amn{Îm Zht hmoZr Mm{h o. 4ewÕ~«ô‘dmXHo$ AZwgma Ord ñd § ^r^JdÐÿn hmoZogo Cgo AnZogo A{V[aŠV ^JdÐÿnH$m ^OZ Amdí`H$ Zht hmoZmMm{h o. 5nw{ï>^pŠV‘| ^JdX² OZ nw{ï>Ordê$n ~«ô‘m§eHo$ àH$Q> hmoZoH$m à`moOZhr hmo Vmo Eogr ^OZ¡H$n ©dgm{`Zr gmYZm‘| Hw$N> ^r Xmofê$n ho `m Ë`mÁ` ZhthmoZm Mm{h o. Eogr pñW{V‘| gmYZmMaUHo$ Zm‘na H$aZo-YaZoH$mo Hw$N> r Ad{eï>Zht ah OmVm. 6Xmof{Zd¥{Îmê$n {H$gr ^r àH$maHo$ gmYZm|H$s Cn`mo{JVm `mAmdí`H$Vm na ma XoZona Bg àH$maH$s pŠVH$mo JdËH¥$nmgo {‘bVr "nw{ï> pŠV'H$hZm Ag§JV hmo Om oJm. 7OrdH$mo Vmo A^JdXmË‘H$ A§e ‘mZZona Û¡Vmn{ÎmAm¡a ^JdXmË‘H$ A§e ‘mZZona ^OZH$s {ZaW©H$Vm ^r Jbon{VV hmoVr h¡.8ñd^OZê$nm JdËH«$s‹S>mH$s Jd{XÀN>mHo$ de nw{ï>OrdH$s X¡dr g¥{ï> ñdrH$maZona

nw{ï>^pŠVH$s H$aUê$nVm {ZañV hmo Om oJr. 9Ordm|H$mo ^JdmZ²H$m A§e ‘mZZonaOrdm|‘| X¡dr Am¡a Amgwar {d^mJ ^r AZwnnÝZ hmo OmVm h¡. 10`{X ^JdmZ² ñd §nwéfmoÎm‘ê$n‘| ~ÝYZ `m ‘wpŠV àXmZH$s brbm H$aVo hm| Am¡a Ajaê$noU H$m ©-H$maU ê$nm|H$mo àH$Q> H$aZoH$s brbm ^r H$aVo hm| Vmo CZ‘| àH¥${V `m àmH¥$V{df`m|‘| hr ’§$go ahZodmbo Amgwar Ord hmoVo h¢ Am¡a àH¥${VHo$ ~ÝYZgo ‘wŠV hmoZmMmhZodmbo X¡dr Ord hmoVo h¡, Eogm {d^mJ AZwnnÝZ hmo Om`oJm. àH¥${V ^r^JdmZ² Ûmam YmaU {H$`o J`o AZoH$ ê$nm|‘|go EH$ ê$n hmoZoHo$ H$maU Eogm{d^mOZ CnnÝZ Zht hmo nmVm. 11Amgwar Ordm|H$m b` ^JdmZ²‘| Z ‘mZ H$aàH¥${V‘| hr ‘mZmo V~ ^r àH¥${V ^r Vmo AÝV‘| àb`H$mb‘| ^JdmZ²‘| brZ hmoVrhmoZogo Amgwar Ordm|H$m ^r b` ^JdmZ²‘| ^r ñdrH$maZm hr n‹S>oJm.

{gÕmÝV : 1~«ô‘Ho$ ~mao‘| lw{V‘| `h H$hm J`m h¡ {H$ gpÀMXmZÝXê$nV`mEH$ê$n ~«ô‘Ho$ ^rVa Hw$N> ^r ZmZm ah Zht nmVm. ZmZmËd Vmo ~«ô‘H$mo ZOmZZodmbm|Ho$ AkmZde dhm§ àVrV hmoVm h¡. 2ho monmXo Ho$ oX brbmW© àH$Q>hþdo hmoZogo brbm‘| `Wm{YH$ma {H$gr A{YH$marHo$ {b`o Hw$N> ho` hmoZona ^rànÄMH$s ^JdÐÿnVmH$m ~mY Zht hmoVm. 3kmZ‘mJu` gmYZmAm|Ho$ AÝVJ©VCnmgZm | Omo Cn{Xï> hþ r h¢, CZ‘| Hw$N> CnmXo Vmo AÝ` Hw$N> ho ‘mZm J`mh¡. ~«ô‘kmZ àmßV hmo OmZona {H$gr ^r {df`Ho$ ~mao‘| CgHo$ ho hmoZoH$s ~w{Õ{Q>H$ Zht nmVr. 4OrdmË‘mAm|H$s ^JdÐÿnVm A§eê$noU hr h¡, A§{eê$noU Zht.^OZ A§erH$m H$hm OmVm hmoZogo ^JdX² OZ AZmdí`H$ Zht {gÕ hmo nmVm.5^JdëbrbmHo$ AÝVJ©V nwéfmoÎm‘go AnZo-AmnH$mo {d`wŠV OmZZodmbm|H$monwéfmoÎm‘^OZ‘| AZwn`moJr nXmWm]‘| ho `m Ë`mÁ` ~w{Õ hmoJr hr. 6‘yb‘| Vmo^OZ ^mdê$n hmoZona hr ’$bmË‘H$ ‘mZm OmVm h¡. Cg ^mdH$s AZw y{VHo$ hoVw{H$`m OmVm ^OZ gmYZê$n ^r hmo hr gH$Vm h¡, Ohm§ gmYZm|H$s Cn`mo{JVm ahgH$Vr h¡. `h g~ Hw$N> ^JdËH¥$nmHo$ AZwgma hr {gÕ hmoVm hmoZogo H¥$nmê$n ^r‘mZm OmVm h¡. 7Ord ^JdmZ²H$m ^JdXmË‘H$ A§e h¡. {’$a^r ^JdX² OZmW©^JdmZ²H$mo A^rï> hmo Vmo Cgo nw{ï>Ord ‘mZm OmVm h¡ AÝ`Wm Zht. 8^JdmZ²H$mo{ZO^OZmW© A^rï> Ord hmoZm nw{ï>^ŠVH$m ñdê$n hmoVm h¡ Am¡a nw{ï>^ŠV Ûmam{H$`m OmVm ^OZ gmYZê$n ^r hmoVm hr h¡. 9^JdmZ²Zo {ZObrbmHo$ AÝVJ©V{H$Ýht X¡dr Ordm|H$mo nw{ï>Ord `m ‘`m©XmOrd, Vmo AÝ` {H$Ýht Ordm|H$mo Amgwar

41 42

^r ~Zm`m h¡. AV… brbmW© {d^mJ‘| H$moB© AZwnn{Îm Zht. 10Amgwar Ordm|‘|àmH¥$V {df`m|H$m AmH$f©U à~b aIm J`m h¡. CÝh| JdmZ² AnZo nwéfmoÎm‘ê$nÛmamAmH¥$ï> H$aZoHo$ ~Om` AnZo àH¥${Vê$nÛmam AmH¥$ï> aIVo h¢. AV… Amgwar Ordm|H$mdht nam`U hmoZm d¡gr ^Jd{XÀN>mHo$ H$maU hmoVm h¡. 11~ÝY-‘mojàXmZH$sbrbm nwéfmoÎm‘ê$noU ~«ô‘ H$aVm h¡ Am¡a g¥{ï>-àb`H$s brbm Aja~«ô‘ê$noU.C^`{dY brbmAm|Ho$ MH«$dV² gd©Xm MbVo ahZogo C^`{dY Ordm|H$m hmoZm H$moB©Amn{ÎmOZH$ ~mV Zht ‘mZr OmVr. AV… Amgwar Ordm|H$m àH¥${V‘| Amdo{ï>VahVo hþdo ~«ô‘‘| brZ hmoZm ~«ô‘Ho$ AÛ¡V^mdH$mo hm{Z Zht nhþ§MmVm.

3.lrH$ë`mUam`mË‘O-lrJmonoída{da{MVm dmXH$Wm : {df` : gdm}Îm‘ñVmoÌHo$ ‘§JbmMaU‘| {ZJ‘à{VnmÚ ewÕ gmH$ma ~«ô‘‘|

àH¥${Vgo àmXw y©V hmoZodmbo H$moB© àmH¥$V JwUY‘© Z hmoZona ^r ~«ô‘ AnZo AàmH¥$VJwUY‘m]ê$n hmoVm h¡Eogm à{VnmXZ {H$`m J`m h¡. Bgo `hm§ {dMm`©{df`V`màñVwV {H$`m J`m h¡.

g§e`-nyd©nj : ~«ô‘H$m Eogo VahH$m {Zê$nU CnnÝZ h¡ `m Zht? Eogog§e`Ho$ C^aZona nyd©njV`m `h Amn{Îm CR>m`r OmVr h¡ {H$ ~«ô‘ Vmo ñd §AàmH¥$V hmoZogo àmH¥$V JwUY‘© Cg‘| A{dÚmde hr hmo gH$Vo h¢. Bgr VahAàmH¥$V JwUY‘©ê$n ~«ô‘H$mo ‘mZZm hmo Vmo CÝh| ~«ô‘go {^ÝZ ‘mZZo m A{^ÝZ?{^ÝZ ‘mZZona Cg oXH$mo JwUY‘©ñdê$n ‘mZZm, AÝ`moÝ`m^mdê$n ‘mZZm, d¡Yå ©ê$n‘mZZm AWdm AÝ` Hw$N>? {ZJ‘m|‘| AZm{dÚH$ ewÕ ~«ô‘H$mo AmH$maa{hV ‘mZH$a Am{dÚH$ `m CnmgZmW© H$pënV ~«ô‘H$mo gmH$ma `m gdm©H$ma ‘mZm J`m h¡.

{gÕmÝV : gXgX²{dbjUê$nm ànÄMn[aUm‘H$s CnmXmZ yVm A{dÚm Vmo~«ô‘H$s epŠVê$nm Z hmo H$maUËdHo$ AÜ`mamonUmW© Cnm{Y hmoVr h¡. Eogr VmoA{dÚm ‘mÝ` Z hm oZ ona ^r ~ «ô‘ ñd` § O ‹S >OrdmË‘H$ ànÄMH o $A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZH$maUV`m ‘mÝ` h¡, AV… àH¥${V ñd § ~«ô‘mpË‘H$m ‘mZrOmVr h¡. ~«ô‘, AnZr A§{eê$nm g‘J«Vm‘|, àmH¥$V JwUY‘m]H$m Aml` gmjmV²Zht hmoVm naÝVw àH¥$Ë wnmXmZV`m A§emË‘Zm hr. ~«ô‘Ho$ Vmo AÝ` ^r Eogo AZoH$ê$n hmoVo h¢ Ohm§ àH¥${VOÝ` JwUY‘m]Ho$ Aml`V`m Cgo ‘mZm Zht Om gH$Vm.

AV… {ZJ‘à{VnmÚ ewÕ ~«ô‘ hr {déÕY‘m©l` hmoZoHo$ H$maU {ZamH$manwéfmoÎm‘mH$ma gdm©H$ma VWm ^ŠVm{XOZ-^m{dVmH$ma ^r hmoVm h¡.

4.lr{J[aYa{da{MVmo {dJ«hdmX… : {df` : àñVwV dmX‘| `mJm{X H$‘m]‘| gåàXmZr yV XodVm ‘ÝÌmË‘H$ hmoVo

h¢ `m {dJ«hdmZ² hmoVo h¢, Bg {df`na {dMma {H$`m J`m h¡. g§e`-nyd©nj : g§e` `hm§ Bg Vah C^aVm h¡ {H$ XodVmAm|H$mo {dJ«hdmZ²

‘mZZona ‘Ü`‘ n[a‘mUdmbo ‘mZZo n‹S>|Jo. Eogr pñW{V‘| EH$ H$mb‘| AZw{ð>V Xmog‘mZH$‘m]Ho$ AÝVJ©V g‘mZ XodVm AmhÿV hmoZona Amhÿ{VJ«hUmW© H¡$go g‘W© hmonm |Jo? AVEd nyd©njV`m XodVmAm|H$m ñdê$n ‘ÝÌmË‘H$ hr ‘mZZm C{MV h¡.`{X gpÀMXmZÝXê$n ~«ô‘Ho$ {MX§eV`m {dJ«hdÎmm ‘mZZr hmo Vmo à{V{~å~dmXAWdm Am^mgdmX Ho$ AZwgma ‘m`m‘| ~«ô‘Ho$ {H$gr {deof àH$maHo$ {MËà{V{~å~`m {MXm^mg H$mo {dJ«hdmZ² XodVm ‘mZ boZm C{MV hmoJm, ~«ô‘H$s A{ÛVr`VmHo$AZwamoYde.

{gÕmÝV : ~«ô‘Ho$ gpÀMXmZÝXê$nV`m A{ÛVr` hmoZona r AnZo ~hþ dZHo$Aà{VhV g§H$ën VWm gm‘Ï © Ho$ de dh AZoH${dY {dJ«hdmZ² XodVmAm|Ho$ ê$n^r YmaU H$aVm h¡. AV… g^r `k`mJm{X H$‘m]‘| Xr OmVr Amhÿ{VH$m ^moŠVmñd § ~«ô‘ hr hmoVm h¡.

5.lr{J[aYa{da{MVmo ànÄMdmX… : {df` : àñVwV dmX‘| ànÄMHo$ ~«ô‘mË‘H$ hmoZogo Omo àË`j{déÕ {ZË`Vm

ñdrH$maZr n‹S>Vr h¡ Cgo H¡$go CnnÝZ H$aZm `h à{Vnm{XV {H$`m J`m h¡. g§e`-nyd©nj : g§e` `hm§ Bg VahH$m C^aVm h¡ {H$ ~«ô‘H$mo `{X

Cn{ZfX²‘| "EH$‘odm{ÛVr`' ‘mZm J`m hmo Vmo Cg ~«ô‘go A{V[aŠV Hw$N> ^r `mVmo hmoZm hr Zht Mm{h`o AWdm Vmo AkmZ `m ^«mpÝV Ho$ de H$pënV hmoZmMm{h o. AVEd nyd©njV`m Bg ~mVna {deof ^ma {X`m J`m h¡ {H$ ànÄMH$mÌ¡H$m{bH$ A^md hmoVm h¡. Eogo A^mddmbo ànÄMH$m Am^mg A{dÚmde hmoVmh¡. AV… A{dH$mar ~«ô‘Ho$ A{Yð>mZna {dH$maerb ànÄMH$mo à‘mê$n Z ‘mZH$a «‘ê$n ñdrH$maZm hr C{MV h¡.

43 44

{gÕmÝV : {gÕmÝVrH$m H$hZm h¡ {H$ Cn{ZfXm|‘| Zm‘-ê$n-H$‘m©Ë‘H$ànÄMH$m ~«ô‘‘|go hr Am{d^m©d AZoH$Ì {Zê${nV hmoZogo Cgo ~«ô‘mË‘H$ hr‘mZZm C{MV h¡. AV… Ñí`‘mZ ànÄMHo$ àmJ^md àÜd§gm^md Am¡a AÝ`moÝ`m^mdhr O~ {gÕ Zht hmoVo Vmo AË`ÝVm^mdH$s H$Wm Vmo XyamnmñV hr h¡. A{dÚm‘|goànÄMH$m àmH$Q²>ç lw{V‘| Zht ‘mZm J`m h¡. ~«ô‘Ho$ AmZÝX‘| go CËnÝZ hmo H$a,AmZÝX‘| pñWV ahVm Am¡a AmZÝX‘| brZ hmoZodmbm h¡, Eogm {Zê${nV hþdm h¡.AV… A{dH$mar ~«ô‘‘| {dH$mar ànÄMH$s àVr{V «mpÝVê$nm Zht brbmê$nm hr‘mZZr Mm{h o.

6.lraKwZmWmË‘Olrd«OZmW{da{MVmo ~«ô‘dmX… : {df` : dmXH$WmH$s Vah hr Bg dmX‘| ^r gdm}Îm‘ñVmoÌHo$ ‘§JbmMaUH$s

nXmdbrHo$ AmYmana ~«ô‘ àmH¥$V {deofm|go eyÝ` VWm AàmH¥$V {deofdX² h¡,Eogm Cn{ZfXm|Ho$ AmYmana à{VnmXZ {H$`m h¡ ({df`{ddoMZ‘| nmW©Š`Ho$ ~mdOyXg§e` nyd©nj {gÕmÝV bJ^J Cgr VahHo$ hmoZoHo$ H$maU nwZamd¥{Îm Zht H$sOmVr h¡).

7.lr{dÆ>bam`mË‘Olrdëb^H¥$V… ànÄMg§gma^oXdmX… : {df` : àñVwV dmX‘| Bg {df`H$s MMm© H$s J`r h¡ {H$ nañna n`m© dmMH$V`m

à wŠV "ànÄM' Am¡a "g§gma' EH$ hr AW©Ho$ dmMH$ h¢ `m {d{^ÝZ AWm]Ho$. g§e`-nyd©nj : Eogm g§e` C^aZona nyd©njV`m `h H$hm OmVm h¡ {H$

ànÄMH$mo gË` Am¡a g§gmaH$mo AgË` ‘mZ H$a XmoZm|Ho$ ~rM à oX H$aZm C{MVZht. AV… ànÄMH$s Vah g§gmaH$m ^r Am{d^m©d-{Vamo md hr ñdrH$ma boZmMm{h`o.

{gÕmÝV : g§gma ~«ô‘Ho$ gX§e `m {MX§e ê$n H$mo CnmXmZ ~Zm H$a àH$Q>Zht hmoVm àË`wV BZ A{Yð>mZm|na ^m{gV hmoVm h¡, AV… ^JdÀN>pŠVê$nmA{dÚm Ûmam ~w{Õ‘| àH$Q> {H$`m J`m ì`m‘moh h¡. dh Vmo gË` {df`Ho$ AmÀN>mXZHo$~mX AmÀN>m{XV A{Yð>mZgo AÝ` {df`H$s AgË`{df`VmHo$ ê$n‘| K{Q>V h¡.AV… {MX§em|‘| AhÝVm-‘‘Vmê$nm {‘Ï`m{df`VmH$s àVr{V hmoZo bJVr h¡. Bgr

Vah gX§em|‘| CËn{Îm-Zmeê$nm A~«mpô‘H$VmH$s àVr{V CËnÝZ hmoVr h¡. Am{d^m©d-{Vamo md Vmo Ohm§ gpÀMXmZÝX ~«ô‘Ho$ gX§e {MX§e `m AmZÝXm§e ‘|go {H$gr‘|Zm‘mÝVaU ê$nmÝVaU m H$‘m©ÝVaU H$s dmñV{dH$ AZw y{V hmoVr hmo dht ñdrH$maoJ o h¢.

8.lrJmoHw$bZmWmË‘O{dÆ>bam`{da{MV§ ~«ô‘-Ord-VX¡Š`-ñdê$n- {Zê$nU‘² :

{df` : àñVwV H$m[aH$mË‘H$ J«ÝW VrZ {df`m|Ho$ à{VnmXZmW© h¡ :1.~«ô‘ñdê$n 2.Ordñdê$n 3.~«ô‘Ord¡Š`ñdê$n. Bg bKwH$m` J«ÝW‘| {df`g§e` nydm}Îmanjm|H$s e¡brH$m àH$Q>ê$noU {Zdm©h Zht {H$`m J`m h¡. AV… CZA§Jm|H$m gmamZwdmX XoZm ^r Amdí`H$ Zht bJVm.

9 . J m o ñ d m { ‘ l r n w é f m o Î m ‘ m Ý V o d m { g l r V w b O m a m ‘ H ¥ $ V §{déÕY‘m©l`Ëd{ddoMZ‘² :

{df` : àñVwV dmX‘| ~«ô‘Ho$ {déÕY‘m©l`VmH$s lw{VdMZm|Ho$ AmYmanaCnn{Îm VWm VX²{df`H$ e§H$m-g‘mYmZ {H$ o J o h¢.

g§e`-nyd©nj : ~«ô‘H$s {déÕY‘m©l`VmHo$ ~mao‘| `h g§e` hmoVm h¡ {H$bm¡{H$H$ Y‘m]go a{hV Am¡a Abm¡{H$H$Y‘©ê$n O~ ~«ô‘H$mo ‘mZ {b`m J`m h¡,Vmo {damoYr JwUY‘m]go a{hV r Cgo ‘mZ boZoHo$ ~am~a h¡, AV… {déÕY‘m©l`VmH$màg§J hr H¡$go gmoMm Om gH$Vm h¡? `hm§ nyd©njV`m `h H$hm Om ahm h¡ {H$~«ô‘H$mo {Z{d©eof ‘mZ boZogo H$m‘ Mb OmVm hmo Vmo Cgo {ZaW©H$ {déÕY‘m©l`‘mZZoH$s pŠbï>H$ënZm Š`m| H$aZr Mm{h o? AV… {Z{d©eofdmX hr CnnÝZ bJVmh¡.

{gÕmÝV : `h H$hm J`m {H$ ~«ô‘H$s {Z{d©eofVm Vmo V~ {gÕ hmo nm oJrO~ Y‘©gm‘mÝ`H$m dhm§ {ZfoY hmo. lw{VAm|‘| bm¡{H$H$ JwUY‘m]Ho$ {ZfoYnyd©H$AZoH$mZoH$ OJËH$V¥©Ëdm{X AÝV`m©{‘Ëd ’$bXmV¥Ëd Am{X Abm¡{H$H$ JwUY‘© ^rVmo Cn{Xï> hþdo hr h¢. {déÕY‘m]H$m Aml` O~ ~«ô‘H$mo H$hm OmVm h¡ V~ CZJwUY‘m]H$m ~«ô‘‘| Vmo dñVwV… {damoY Z hmoZona r ~«ô‘oVa nXmWm]‘| Eogo JwUY‘m]H$snañna {damo{YVm {XIbm`r XoVr h¡. AV… Bgr AW©‘| ~«ô‘JwUm|H$mo nañna {damoYr

45 46

‘mZm J`m h¡. Cn{ZfXm|Ho$ AZwgma Vmo Ho$db ~«ô‘ hr Zht A{nVw ~«ô‘Ho$gmjmËH$mago gånÝZ A{YH$mar‘| ^r {déÕY‘m©l`Vm àH$Q> hmoZo bJVr h¡.BgHo$ A{V[aŠV g^r nXmWm]‘| gd©ê$n ~«ô‘H$mo ‘mZZona ‘ybñdê$n AmdoemdVmaA§emdVma {d^y{Vê$n Am{X ^JdÐÿnm|H$m à^oX ^r {déÕY‘m©l`VmHo$ {d{dYàH$mam|‘| n[aJ{UV {H$`m OmZm Mm{h o.

10.lrJmoHw$bmoËgdmË‘OlrJmonoída{da{MV… AmË‘dmX… : {df` : àñVwV dmX‘| ~«ô‘ àË`jm{X à‘mUm|go AJå` VWm ñdV…à‘mUê$nm

lw{Vê$n à‘mUgo hr Jå` h¡, Bg {df`H$m à{VnmXZ {H$`m J`m h¡.

g§e`-nyd©nj : Bg {df`‘| g§e`H$s H$mo{Q> `m| h¡ : OJËH$maUV`mn[a^m{fV ~«ô‘H$mo OJÐÿnr H$m ©Ho$ H$Vm© hmoZoHo$ AZw‘mZm|Ho$ AmYmana r ñdrH$maZo‘|Š`m Amn{Îm h¡? nyd©njV`m AZoH$ AZw‘mZ àñVwV {H$ o J o h¢. `Wm {j{V-A§Hw$a Am{X {H$gr H$Vm©go CËnÝZ hmoZo Mm{h o, H$m © hmoZoHo$ H$maU K‹S>oH$s Vah.gJ©Ho$ Am{XH$mb‘| Xmo AUwAm|Ho$ Ow‹S>ZoH$s {H«$`m {H$gr Z {H$grHo$ à`ËZHo$H$maU hþB© hmoZr Mm{h o, O¡go h‘mao eara‘| CËnÝZ hmoVr {H«$`m h‘mao d¡go à`ËZHo$H$maU CËnÝZ hmoVr h¢. ~«ô‘mÊS>‘| Jwé yV {nÊS> n‹S>ZoHo$ ~Om` {Q>Ho$ ahVo h¢, dh{H$grHo$ amoHo$ aIZoHo$ à`ËZde hr eŠ` hmo gH$Vm h¡, O¡go n{jJU AnZo-AmnH$mo AmH$me‘| AnZo à`ËZÛmam {JaZo Zht XoVo. ~«ô‘mÊS> Am{XH$m {dZme^r {H$grHo$ à`ËZHo$ de hmoVm hmoZm Mm{h o, O¡go ’$m‹S>o OmZona H$n‹S>m ’$Q> OmVmh¡ d¡go. BË`m{X AZoH$ AZw‘mZHo$ àH$ma àñVwV {H$ o J o h¡.

{gÕmÝV : {gÕmÝVê$noU `h H$hm J`m h¡ {H$ bm¡{H$H$ H$m`m]Ho$ H$Vm©Ho${Z`‘Ho$ CXmhaUHo$ ~bna ~«ô‘H$m H$V©¥Ëd ñdrH$maZona, Cgo earadmZ² r ‘mZZonahr gå^d hmoJm, Š`m|{H$ bmoH$‘| earaa{hV H$moB© H$Vm© hmoVm Zht. gmW hr gmWVH$m©Zw{‘V B©ídaH$mo earadmZ² ‘mZZona eara-eararHo$ oX m A oX ê$nr gå~ÝYm|H$m^r {dMma àgŠV hmoJm. gm§»`‘VHo$ AZwgma `h Amn{Îm ^r {XIbm`r J`r h¡{H$ bm¡{H$H$ KQ>m{X H$m`m]Ho$ H$Vm©H$s Vah B©ídaHo$ H$Vm© hmoZoH$m AZw‘mZ H$aZona,bm¡{H$H$ H$Vm©H$s Vah B©ída‘| ^r amJ Am{X JwU ‘mZZo n‹S>|Jo. {j{V Am{XH$mogmd`d hmoZoHo$ H$maU H$m`©ê$n ‘mZZm ^r g§Xohgo nao Zht. {j{V Am{XHo$,

Š`m|{H$, CnmXmZH$maU AdJV Zht hmo nmVo. ~‹S>o-~‹S>o {demb {Z‘m©Um|‘| AZoH$H$Vm©Am|H$s Anojm ahVr hr h¡, Eogo hr B©ídaHo$ ~mao‘| gmoMo OmZona Vmo B©ída ^rAZoH$ ñdrH$maZo n‹S>|Jo. AV… lwË`oH$Jå` à‘o` ~«ô‘Ho$ ~mao‘| AZw‘mZ Am{Xà‘mUm|H$m Cn`moJ eŠ` Zht.

*dmXmdbrn[a{eï>m{Z*

1.lrJmoHw$bZmWmË‘OlrXr{jV{da{MV§ àíZmoÎmagmhòrn`m©bmoMZ‘²:

{df` : Ho$dbmÛ¡VdmX doXmÝVHo$ {dMmaUm‘| ñd § {ZaV VWm EVXW© AÝ`m|H$mo^r {ZaÝVa ào[aV H$aVo ahZodmbo na‘mXaUr` lrAZÝVH¥$îU emñÌrOr, Jmoñdm‘rlrXr{jVOr (àñVwV gånmXH$Ho$ {nV¥MaU) Ho$ em§H$adoXmÝVHo$ {dÚmJwé Wo Am¡aO~ ^r d¡îUd‘VH$s AmbmoMZm H$aZoH$mo H$moB© J«ÝW {bIVo Vmo àH$meZmW©Am{W©H$ gh`moJ VWm àË wÎma {bI H$a {XImZoH$m ñZohmZwamoY ^r H$aVo AV…{dÚmJwéH$s AmkmHo$ de {eî`Ûmam {bIm J`m `h AmbmoMZmË‘H$ J«ÝW h¡.na‘mXaUr` emñÌrOrZo d¡go Vmo em§H$a ^mî`na hOma àíZ CX² m{dV H$a CZHo$hOma àË wÎma ^r {X o h¢. àñVwV boIZ‘|, naÝVw, XmoZm| Jwé{eî`m|Ho$ ~rM Omo‘m¡pIH$ MMm© hþ r, Cg‘|go {OVZr ~mX‘| H$^r {nV¥MaUZo boI~Õ H$s, CVZrhr `hm§ àH$m{eV hmo ahr h¡.

`hm§ J«ÝWmaå^‘| ‘m`mdmX àÀN>ÝZ~m¡Õ {gÕmÝV h¡ {H$ Zht Cg ~mao‘|lremñÌrHo$ 1000d| àíZmoÎmaH$m n`m©bmoMZ h¡. {ÛVr` 29d| àíZmo.n`m©.‘| {ZY©‘©H$M¡VÝ`Ho$ ~mao‘| AÜ`mg^mî`JV ""AÝ`moÝ`Y‘m©Z² M'' nXmdbrHo$ Am¡{MË`H$sMMm© H$s J`r h¡. V¥Vr` 148d| àíZmo.n`m©.‘| Bg {df`H$mo N>o‹S>m J`m h¡ {H$~«ô‘Ho$ ~mao‘| Cn{ZfX²Ho$ Abmdm AÝ` r à‘mUm|H$m àga ‘mZZona Cgo "Am¡n{ZfX'‘mZZm C{MV hmoJm `m AZw{MV. MVwW© 200d| àíZmo.n`m©.‘| `h MMm© hþ r h¡{H$ gm§»`‘Vr` àH¥${VH$s CnmXmZVmH$m àË`m»`mZ H$aZoHo$ ~mX Ho$dbmÛ¡VdmX‘|nwZ… ‘m`mH$mo CnmXmZV`m àñVwV H$aZm H$hm§ VH$ C{MV `m AZw{MV h¡. n§M‘266 d| àíZmo.n`m©.‘| {Og lw{V‘| OJËH$maU‘| g§{Zð>H$mo ‘wpŠVbm^H$m A{YH$marhmoZm H$hm J`m dhm§ OJV²H$mo ‘m`monmXmZH$ ‘mZZodmbm|Ho$ ‘V‘| Cg lw{VH$s H¡$gog§J{V ~¡R> nm oJr? fð> 290d| àíZmo.n`m©.‘| H$maU{dkmZgo g^r H$m © yVm|H$m

47 48

{dkmZ à{VnmXZ H$aZodmbr lw{VH$s em§H$a doXmÝV‘| g§J{V-{dg§J{VH$s MMm©H$s J`r h¡. gßV‘ 548d| àíZmo.n`m©.‘| ~«ô‘Ho$ AÝV`m©{‘ñdê$nH$mo gJwU‘mZZona CgHo$ kmZgo gd©kmZ ‘mÝ` hmo nm oJm {H$ Zht Bg {df`H$s MMm© hþ rh¡. Aï>‘ 549d| àíZmo.n`m©.‘| ~«ô‘H$mo {Z{d©eof ‘mZZona ""AÝV`m©‘r A{YX¡dm{XfwVÕ‘©ì`nXoemV²'' (~«.gy.1&2&18) ~«ô‘gyÌH$s Ho$dbmÛ¡VdmX‘| g§J{V-{dg§J{V{dMmar J`r h¢. Zd‘ 585-6 g§»`mH$ àíZmo.n`m©.‘| " y‘m'nwéfH$s AdYmaUmHo$dbmÛ¡V‘| H$hm§ VH$ g§JV `m {dg§JV h¡ `h {dMmam J`m h¡. Xe‘ 776d|àíZmo.n`m©.‘| ""àH¥${VíM à{VkmÑï>mÝVmZwnamoYmV²'' (~«.gy.1&4&23) ~«ô‘gyÌHo$em§H$a^mî`r` CnnmXZH$s `wŠVVm/A`wŠVVmHo$ ~mao‘| MMm© hþ`r h¡. ½`mahd|777d| àíZmo.n`m©.‘| A{dÚmH$mo hr Ho$db H$maUV`m ‘mÝ` aIZodmbo H$ën‘|~«ô‘H$s CnmXmZVmH$s g§J{V-Ag§J{VHo$ ~mao‘| MMm© hþ`r h¡. ~mahd| 779d|àíZmo.n`m©.‘| ~«ô‘H$mo {ddV©ê$n ànÄMHo$ CnmXmZV`m ñdrH$maZogo nyd© ñd`§{ddVm}nmXmZVm CnnÎ`h© AdYmaUm h¡ {H$ Zht Bg gÝX ©‘| MMm© H$s J`r h¡.AÝV‘| Voahd| 916do àíZmo.n`m©.‘| {Z{d©eof ~«ô‘H$s {OkmgmÛmam AmaãY ‘r‘m§gmH$m""gd©Y‘m}nnÎmo… M'' (~«.gy.2&1&37) gyÌV`m Cng§hma Ho$dbmÛ¡V‘| {H$VZmwpŠV wŠV `m A wŠV h¡ Bg ~mao‘| {dMma {H$`m J`m h¡.

2.lrXr{jVmË‘Oí`m‘‘Zm oha{da{MV§ àíZm oÎmagmhòrM{M©V§àH¥$Ë`{YH$aUg‘mbmoMZ‘² :

{df` : àíZmoÎmagmhòrH$ma na‘mXaUr` lrAZÝVH¥$îU emñÌrOr, ‘oao{H$emoamdñWmH$s ~mV h¡, EH$ {XZ ghgm {nV¥MaUgo {‘bZo h‘mao Ka Am o.{nV¥MaU V~ H$ht Kago ~mha J o hþdo Wo. gmo ‘wPo lremñÌrHo$ nmg ~¡R>Zm n‹S>m.n‹T>mB©Ho$ Zm‘na {nV¥MaUHo$ àdMZm|‘| ~¡R> H$a Omo Hw$N> gwZm Wm gmo gwZm Wm,CgHo$ Abmdm doXmÝVHo$ {H$gr J«ÝWH$mo ì`dpñWV ê$n‘| n‹T> nmZoH$m H$moB© H$m ©H«$‘~Z Zht nm`m Wm. AnZo ^r{V Am¡a g§H$moM H$mo Vmo‹S>Zo ^aHo$ hoVwgo ‘¢ emñÌrOrgonyN> ~¡R>m ""AmnZo am‘mZwO-‘mÜd ‘Vm|H$s AmbmoMZm H$aZoH$mo O¡go J«ÝW {bIoh¢ d¡go dmëb^ ‘VH$s AmbmoMZmHo$ ê$n‘| H$moB© J«ÝW Š`m| Zht {bIm?'' Am¡aemñÌOrZo ‘wPo Amkm Xr {H$ dmëb^ doXmÝVHo$ ~mao‘| ‘¢Zo Omo Hw$N> grIm-n‹T>mhmo, ~mob H$a gwZmD$§ Vmo do A^r hr AmbmoMZm gwZmZm ngÝX H$a|Jo. ‘¢ VmogH$nH$m J`m Am¡a Bg ~mVH$mo gwZ H$a ‘oar ~w{Õ Vmo Kmg MaZo hr H$ht Mbr

J`r {’$a^r S>aVo-S>aVo Z OmZo Š`m CZgo nyN>m ~¡R>m Omo A~ ~am~a `mX ZhtAmVm Am¡a Z OmZo Š`m CgH$s g‘mbmoMZm g‘mXaUr` emñÌrOrZo AmYo nm¡Zo K§Q>oVH$ Ymamàdmh ‘wPo gwZm`r. dh Vmo Z V~ ~am~a g‘P nm`m Am¡a Z A~ `mXhr ah J`m hm§ BVZm Adí` `mX h¡ {nV¥MaUHo$ Ka bm¡Q> AmZona emñÌrOrZo‘oaona Iwe hmo H$a {nV¥MaUH$mo H$hm ""Vwåhmao nwÌH$mo ‘oao nmg n‹T>Zo oOmo. ‘¢ BgoVwåhmao O¡gm ~ZmD$§Jm. emñÌMMm© H¡$go H$aZr {gImD$§Jm'' o ‘oao ~‹S>o Xw m©½` aho{H$ ‘¢ CZHo$ nmg AÜ``ZmW© Om Zht nm`m

{’$a^r CZH$s emñÌMMm©H$s Amkm {H$emoamdñWm‘| AÜ``Zm^mdde nmbZhmo Zht nm`r. CgHo$ AZwnmbZmW© gZ² AñgrHo$ XeH$‘| H$^r {nV¥MaUHo$"àíZmoÎmagmhòrn`m©bmoMZ' H$s Vah ‘wPo ^r Hw$N> {bI XoZoH$s àoaUm hþ r. d¡goVrZoH$ A{YH$aUm|H$s AmbmoMZm Cg g‘` {bIr Wr. do a’²$ ZmoQ²>g² Z OmZo H$hm§Imo J`r ’o$Aa² H$s hþB© BVZr hr ~Mr ahr gmo àH$m{eV H$a ahm hþ§. CZ na‘JwéHo$à{V AnZr H¥$VkVmnyU© lÕm§O{bHo$ ê$n‘|. `hr Vmo CZH$m ‘wPo göX` AmXoeWm

Bg boIZ‘| ‘¢Zo ewÕmÛ¡V ~«ô‘dmXHo$ àmUmon‘ {gÕmÝV ~«ô‘Ho$A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZH$maUVmdmX‘| ~mYH$ ~ZVo na‘mXaUr` lremñÌrOrHo$àíZmoÎmagmhòrJV à‘wI g‘mYmZm|H$m ewÕmÛ¡VdmXH$s Ñ{ï>go g‘mbmoMZ {H$`mh¡. eof ñd § J«ÝW‘| hr AdbmoH$Zr` OmZZm Mm{h o.

3 . l r X r { j V m Ë ‘ O í ` m ‘ ‘ Z m o h a { d a { M V …Ho$dbmÛ¡VdmXm{^‘Vm{dÚmñdê$n{d‘e©… :

{df` : h boI ‘oao {dÚmJwé lrY‘©Xod OoQ>brOrHo$ nmg O~ ‘¢ gZ² gmR>Ho$XeH$Ho$ nydm©Y©‘| "{gÕmÝV{~ÝXw', "{gÕmÝVboeg§J«h', "{ddaUà‘o`g§J«h',"IÊS>ZIÊS>ImÚ' Am¡a "{MËgwIr' n‹T>Zo OmVm Wm V~ {bIm Wm. OoQ>brOr ‘wPonwÌm{YH$dmËgë`de Zì`Ý`m` n‹T>mZm hr A{YH$ MmhVo Wo naÝVw ‘oar Aëngm‘Ï ©Am¡a Aëné{M Ho$ de ‘¢ VXW© CÚV hmo Zht nm`m. AVEd lrY‘©XodOr ‘wPoCZH$m Aën~w{Õdmbm {eî` g‘PVo Wo gmo AÜ`mnZH$mb‘| ‘oao ‘Z‘| C^aVog§e`H$mo CZHo$ gm‘Zo àñVwV H$aZoH$m gmhg H$^r OwQ>m Zht nm`m. Am¡a `m| ‘oaog§e`m|H$mo {bI-{bI H$a gåhmb aIVm Wm, {H$grHo$ nmg g‘mYmZ OmZ

49 50

nmZoH$mo. AÜ`mnZHo$ ~mX CÝh| gåhmbo aIZo {H$ ’$m‹S> H$a ’|$H$ XoZo `mo½` h¢, `hOmZZoH$mo EH$ {XZ ‘¢Zo ‘oao H$mì`-ì`mH$aU-VH©$g§J«hHo$ AÜ`mnH$ h‘mao `hm§{nV¥MaUHo$ ~më`H$mbgo {Zdmg H$aZodmbo Am¡a ""~mdm Ý`m` Zht n‹T>moJo Vmo{df`Ho$ gmW AÝ`m` hr H$amoJo''H$s gVV àoaUm XoVo ahZodmbo g‘mXaUr`lrH¥$îU‘mYd Pm npÊS>VOrH$mo {XIm`m Wm. CÝhmoZo Bgo ngÝX H$a H$ht-H$htì`mH$aUmew{Õ ^r Xya H$s Wr. gmo A^r VH$ `h boIZ g§ bm ahm Am¡a Cgo`hm§ àH$m{eV H$a ahm hþ§. Bg {Z~ÝY‘| CnH«$‘mong§hmaHo$ íbmoH$m|Ho$ Abmdmgmam boIZ V^rH$m h¡.

Ho$dbmÛ¡VdmX‘| A{dÚmHo$ ~mao‘| {‘bVo à{VnmXZm|Ho$ ~mao‘| ‘oao {dÚm{W©‘Z‘|C^ar o AZwnn{Îm`m§ Wr. {H$gr ^r wŠVm wŠVVmHo$ {ddoH$Ho$ {~Zm A{dH$bV`mCÝh| `hm§ n[a{eï>Ho$ àH$m{eV H$aZo‘| {H$gr VahHo$ gå^m{dV AZm¡{MË`H$s{dÛÁOZm|go j‘m`mMZmHo$ gmW.

4.lrXr{jVmË‘Oí`m‘‘Zmoha{da{MVmo AjanwéfmoÎm‘Û¡V{ZamgdmX…:

{df` : lrñdm{‘Zmam`UgåàXm`H o $ Ah‘Xm~mX‘ | Am`m o {OV{ÛeVmpãX‘hmoËgdHo$ AÝVJ©V {dMmaJmoð>r‘| àm.lra‘oe XdoZo ‘wPo AVrdñZohmJ«hnyd©H$ Am‘§{ÌV {H$`m Wm. dhm§ MMm©gÌ‘| CZHo$ gmW JhZ MMm© ‘§Mnahþ r Wr. ~mX‘| ‘w§~B© bmoQ>Vo g‘` {d‘mZ‘| ~¡R>o-~¡R>o ^rVa {ZaÝVa MMm© ‘Z‘|Jy§OVr ahr, gmo ‘¢Zo Cgo íbmoH$~Õ H$a Xr. ~rg-Vrg íbmoH$ Vmo {d‘mZ`mÌm‘|hr ~Z J o Wo. ~mH$sHo$ ~mX‘| `hm§ nhþ§MZona {bIo J o. n‹S>o-n‹S>o o ^r H$htZï> Z hmo Om | EVXW© ‘w{ÐV H$a Xo ahm hþ§.

dmëb^ doXmÝV‘| na~«ô‘ Am¡a Aja~«ô‘ Ho$ ~rM ê$nmÝVa Zm‘mÝVa Am¡a{H«$`mH$bmnmÝVa H$m à oX ‘mÝ` hmoZona ^r XmoZm|Ho$ ~rM nañna A{dpÀN>ÝZV`mAdpñWV hmoZoH$m VÎd¡Š` hr ‘mZm J`m h¡. O~{H$ lrñdm{‘Zmam`U gåàXm`Ho${ejmnÌr Am¡a dMZm‘¥V Zm‘H$ J«ÝWm|‘| ‘ybV… gmYZmàUmbr‘| dmëb^ {gÕmÝVAm¡a VÎdemñÌr` {MÝVZ‘| am‘mZwOr` ‘VH$mo ‘mÝ` aIm J`m Wm. ~mX‘| naÝVwBg gåàXm`H$s AmYw{ZH$ emImAm|‘| BÝh| AñdrH$ma H$a {X`m. am‘mZwOr`

VÎdÌ`rHo$ ñWmZna VÎdn§MH$ àñVm{dV {H$ o J o h¢. VXZwgma nwéfmoÎm‘ AjaB©ída Ord Am¡a ‘m`m ê$nr VÎdn§MH$‘| ^r Zì`{d{eï>mÛ¡V Am¡a AZoH${dYAjam|H$s AdYmaUm àñVwV hþ r h¢. o Z Vmo am‘mZwOr` h¢ Am¡a Z dmëb^r`AdYmaUm hr. BZH$m d¡bjÊ` {Z{d©dmX hmoZona ^r AmÝV[aH$ g§J{V {dMmaUr`bJVr h¡. AV… BgrHo$ Am¡{MË`mZm¡{MË`H$m `hm§ {dMma {H$`m J`m h¡.

gd©Wm Cg MMm©‘| nyd©njV`m AnZo ‘VH$s àñVw{V {à` lra‘oe^mB©Zo hrH$s Wr gmo CZHo$ à{V hm{X©H$ H¥$VkVmkmnZHo$ gmW

J«ÝWH$mam| VWm J«ÝW‘mV¥H$mAm| H$m {ddaU ‘hmZw md lrh[aam`Or nÚ-JÚmË‘H$~«ô‘dmXHo$ VWm lrJmonoídaOr

dmXH$WmHo$ boIH$ : lrh[aam`Or VWm lrJmonoídaOr : ‘hmà^w lrdëb^mMm`©MaUHo$

{ÛVr`mË‘O Jmoñdm‘r lr{dÆ>bZmW à wMaUHo$ nwZ… {ÛVr`mË‘O lrJmo{dÝXam`OrHo$àW‘ nwÌ lrH$ë`mUam`OrHo$ Á oð>nwÌ lrh[aam`Or (O.ñW.d«OHo$ JmoHw$b Jm§d‘|O.g.{d.g§.1647 AmpídZH¥$îUm n§M‘r) Am¡a BZHo$ AZwO lrJmonoídaOr (OÝ‘dht {d.g§.1649‘|) BZ XmoZm| ~«ô‘dmXm| Am¡a dmXH$Wm Ho$ boIH$ h¢.

lrdëb^gåàXm`‘| ñd`§ ‘hmà^w, à^wMaU; CZHo$ MVwWm ©Ë‘OlrJmoHw$bZmWOrHo$ ~mX nm§Mdr nr‹T>rna àmXw^y©V hmoZodmbo lrh[aam`OrH$m BggåàXm`Ho$ àMma-àgma VWm Ym{‘©H$ Eo{Vhm{gH$ Ed§ ^mdmË‘H$ gm{hË`{Z‘m©U‘| AZÝ`gmYmaU `moJXmZ h¡. BZHo$ ^pŠV^mdgo AmoVàmoV ì`pŠVËd Ed§ M[aÌHo$ H$maU BÝh| "‘hmZw md' H$hm OmVm h¡. BZH$mo AnZo {nVm‘h lrJmo{dÝXam`Orgo^JdËgodmH$s AZÝ`{Zð>m {damgV‘| {‘br Wr. ñd‘mJu` AmMm ©a{MV ‘ybJ«ÝWm|naì`m»`m Am{X gVV {bIVo ahZoH$s àoaUm BÝh| AnZo {nVm lrH$ë`mUam`Orgo{‘br. Bgr Vah BZHo$ ñd‘mJu` Xrjm Ed§ {dÚm Ho$ Jwé lrJmoHw$bZmWOrgogåàXm`Ho$ àgma-àMma H$aZoH$s AWH$ {Zð>m BÝh| àmßV hþ`r Wr.

lrh[aam`Or AnZo OÝ‘H$mbgo 80 df© n ©ÝV d«O-JmoHw$b‘| hr {~amOonaÝVw eof ApÝV‘ 45 dfm] VH$ V~ ‘odm‹S> amÁ`Ho$ pI‘Zmoa Jm§d‘| {~amOo.

51 52

VXZwgma 125 df© n ©ÝV BZH$s yVbna pñW{V ‘mZr J`r h¡. ñd‘mJu` nw{ï> pŠVHo$àMma-àgma hoVw {ZaÝVa JwOamV amOñWmZ hr Zht A{nVw gwXya {gÝY VWmgr‘màmÝVm|‘| (hmb‘| nmH$sñVmZ‘| Mbo J`o So>am JmµOrIm§ n`©ÝV, Ohm§ XoeHo$~Q>dmaoHo$ g‘` VH$ BZHo$ {~amOZoH$s ~¡R>H$ ^r Wr) `mÌm H$aHo$ nw{ï>‘mJ©H$mgd©{dY àMma-àgma BÝhmoZ| {H$`m Wm.

BZHo$ ñd‘mJu` Y‘©-Xe©Z gå~ÝYr {MÝVZna BZHo$ XrjmJwé Ed§ {dÚmJwélrJmoHw$bZmWOrH$m Jham à^md àH$Q> àVrV hmoVm h¡.

{ZaW©H$ hr AZno{jV J§ raVmgo Z bo {b`m Om o Vmo H$hZoH$s BÀN>m hmoVrh¡ {H$ ‘hmà wHo$ J«ÝWamerHo$ XwJ©‘| à‘mU-gmYZÑ{ï>H$s ~wOm]H$s g§ mb CZHo$Á oð>mË‘O lrJmonrZmW à wMaUZo ñdrH$mar Vmo à‘o -’$bÑ{ï>H$s ~wOm]H$mo g§ mbZoH$mH$m‘ H${Zð>mË‘O lr{dÆ>bZmW à wMaUZo ñdrH$mam Wm. Jmoñdm‘r lr{dÆ>bZmWOrHo$^r V¥Vr`mË‘O lr~mbH¥$îUOr VWm MVwWm©Ë‘O lrJmoHw$bZmWOr Zo ^r AnZo{nV¥ì` Am¡a {nVm H$s Vah ‘hmà^wHo$ CnXoemË‘H$ J«ÝWm|H$s AnZr-AnZrì`m»`mAm|‘| Eogm Ñ{ï> oX gm H$ht-H$ht àH$Q> {H$`m h¡. Bgo Am¡a ^r A{YH$ñnï>VmHo$ gmW H$hZm hmo Vmo `m| H$hm Om gH$Vm h¡ {H$ BZ XmoZm| naånamAm|‘|AÝ`H$s AñdrH¥${VHo$ ~Om` ñdñdrH¥$Vna Am{^àm{`H$ é{M^maH$m oX A{YH$b{jV hmoVm h¡, ‘yb{gÕmÝVmoH$m à^oX Zht. ñdm^m{dH$ ê$n‘| lrh[aam`OrAnZo {dÚm-XrjmJwé lrJmoHw$bZmWH$s naånamHo$ g‘W© CÎmam{YH$mar h¢. O~{H$lrh[aam`OrHo$ H${Zð> g‘H$m{bH$ AdVmadmXmdbrH$ma Jmoñdm‘r lrnwéfmoÎm‘OrV¥Vr`mË‘O lr~mbH¥$îUOrHo$ d§eO VWm Cgr ì`m»`mZnaånamHo$ Á`mo{VñVå^ê$nAZwJm‘r h¡. AmJo Mb H$a lrnwéfmoÎm‘OrHo$ H${Zð> g‘H$m{bH$ lr{dÆ>bam`mË‘O"boIH$ma'ZmåZm à{gÕ lrdëb^Or, {OZH$s H ¥ ${V àñVwV IÊS>‘ |"ànÄMg§gma^oXdmX' ZmåZm g§H${bV hþ`r h¡, BÝht lrh[aam`OrH$s naånam‘|AmVo h¢. AñVw.

lrh[aam`OrZo AZoH$ àH$maHo$ gm{hË`go nw{ï>^pŠV‘mJu` {gÕmÝVm|Ho$ Xwê$hà‘o m|H$mo AnZo CnXoemË‘H$ So>‹T> gmogo ^r A{YH$ bKwH$m` àH$aUJ«ÝWm|go g‘¥Õ~Zm`m h¡. nw{ï>^pŠV‘mJ©na AJ«ga hmoZm MmhVo nw{ï>n{WH$m|H$mo CbPZ‘| S>mbXoZodmbr H$m¡Z gr Eogr JwËWr hmoJr {Ogo gab mfm‘| BÝhm|Zo BZ bKwH$m` J«ÝWm|‘|

gwbPm Zht Xr h¡ Eogo EH$ Zht AZoH$ àH$maHo$ BZHo$ moJXmZ dñVwV… {dñ‘`OZH$h¢ ‘hmà wHo$ ‘ybJ«ÝW fmo‹S>eJ«ÝW nÌmdbå~Z VWm lr‘X² mJdVgw~mo{YZr naBZHo$ Ûmam {bIr ì`m»`mAm|H$m AnZm EH$ {d{eï> ‘hÎd h¡. AnZo JwélrJmoHw$bZmWOrÛmam àH${Q>V d«O^mfm‘| ‘hmà^w Am¡a CZHo$ AZwJm{‘Am|Ho$dmVm©àg§Jna r "^mdàH$me' boIZHo$ Abmdm {d{^ÝZ {df`m|na BZHo$ d«O^mfm‘|^r AÝ` 46 J«ÝW {JZm o OmVo h¡. BZHo$ Abmdm g§ñH¥$V d«O^mfm amOñWmZrJwOamVr n§Om~r ^mfmAm|‘| BZHo$ Ûmam {bIo J o ^JdëbrbmJmZmW© Jo nXm|H$mgm{hË` ^r Ho$db {dnwb hr Zht A{nVw AX²^wV h¡. BZHo$ a{MV Jo` nXm|‘|g¡ÕmpÝVH$ J§^raVm h¡ Vmo nXm|H$m bm{bË` ^r. BZHo$ ^pŠV^mdm|H$m AZwn‘{ZIma h‘mao öX`H$mo ^pŠV^mdmЩ ~Zm XoVm h¡. BgHo$ Abmdm g§ñH¥$V J«ÝWm|Ho$BZHo$ Ûmam {H$ o d«O^mfmZwdmXm|Ho$ g§H$bZ-gånmXZ Am¡a àH$meZ na Vmo H$B©Am|H$sA^r VH$ Ñ{ï> hr Zht J`r h¡. BZHo$ mfmgm{hË`H$s {dnwbVmH$m EH$ Xwîn[aUm‘,{Z…g§H$moM ñdrH$maZo bm`H$, ‘wPo `h ^r bJVm h¡ {H$ BZH$s e¡br AnZm H$aBZHo$ Zm‘Ho$ {‘Ï`m`moOZ Ûmam AJ‹S>‘-~J‹S>‘ r Z OmZo Š`m-Š`m hñV{bpIVgm{hË` CnbãY Zht hmoVm BZHo$ AZwO lrJmonoídaOrH$s JdËgodm‘| gh`mo{JZrnËZrHo$ eara Z ah OmZoH$s gå^mdZmde BÝhm|Zo AnZo AZwOH$mo Omo 41 {ejmnÌ{bIo Wo do Vmo nw{ï>‘mJu` CnXoem|Ho$ B{Vhmg‘| H«$moeñVå^Ho$ g‘mZ h¢. g^rnmR>H$m|Ho$ {b o o na‘ àoaUmXm`H$ CnXoe ‘mZo OmVo h¢. BVZm hr Zht A{nVwgmYmaU AZwJm{‘OZm|Ho$ ^rVa nw{ï>^mdm|Ho$ CX²~moYZ n[adY©Z VWm g§{Zdm©h ‘|BZH$m à‘wI `moJXmZ ahm h¡. BZHo$ AZwO Ûmam {bIr BZ 41 {ejmnÌm|H$sd«O^mfm ì`m»`m ^r ‘hÎdnyU© ahr h¡.

nÚ-JÚmË‘H$ XmoZm| ~«ô‘dmX Am¡a dmXH$Wm H$s ‘mV¥H$m : o XmoZm|,~pëH$ VrZm| ~«ô‘dmX gd©àW‘ lrh[ae§H$a Am|H$maOr emñÌrZo gånm{XV H$a Ho$AmOgo 79 df©nyd© {d.g§.1985 ‘| Mm¡I§ m g§ñH¥$V gr[aµO Am°{’$g² {dÚm{dbmgàog dmamUgr Ûmam BÝh| àH$m{eV H$adm o Wo. Bg g§ñH$aU‘| lrh[aam`OrHo$ XmoZm|~«ô‘dmXm|H$s ì`m»`m r ‘w{ÐV Wr. JÚmË‘H$ ~«ô‘dmXHo$ ì`m»`mH$ma Jmoð>remblrJmonmbH¥$îU ^Å> h¢. o lrh[aam`Orgo nm§Mdr nr‹T>rna BZHo$ Ka‘| JmoX Am oapí‘H$ma lrJmonoídaOrHo$ {eî` h¢, ñd §H¥$V CëboIHo$ AmYmana. BgHo$ AbmdmAm¡a H$moB© OmZH$mar CnbãY Zht h¡. nÚmË‘H$ ~«ô‘dmXH$s ì`m»`mHo$ boIH$Ho$

53 54

Vmo Zm‘H$s ^r OmZH$mar Zht {‘bVr. Bg àH$meZHo$ Mma df© ~mX gZ² 1933‘| "dmXdm[a{Y…' Zm‘H$ Ý`m`emñÌr` dmXm|Ho$ g§H$bZ‘| lr~mbH¥$îU {‘lZo"^pŠV‘mJ©dmX…' ZmåZm `hr JÚmË‘H$ ~«ô‘dmX nwZ… dht Mm¡I§ mgo àH$m{eVH$adm`m Wm. dmXH$Wm lr‘JZbmb JUn{Vam‘ emñÌrZo 90 df©nyd©"nw{ï>^pŠVgwYm'(‘w§~B) {d.g§.1973‘| àH$m{eV H$adm`r Wr. ~mX‘| h‘mao{nVm‘hHo$ AmñWmZnpÊS>V lra‘mZmW emñÌrOrZo {d.g§.1976=B©.g.1920‘|nw{ï>‘mJu`{gÕmÝVH$m`m©b` (‘w§~B) Ûmam àH$m{eV H$adm`r Wr. àñVwV g§ñH$aUBÝht àH$meZm|H$m nwZ‘w©ÐU h¡, gånmXH$-àH$meH$m| à{V H¥$VkVmÚmoVZnyd©H$.

Jmoñdm‘r lr{J[aYaOr {dJ«hdmX VWm ànÄMdmX Ho$ boIH$ : lr{J[aYaOr : BZ XmoZm| dmXJ«ÝWm|Ho$ boIH$H$m V¥Vr`mË‘O lr~mbH¥$îUOrHo$

KaH o $ hm oZm BZ Xm oZm | hr J « ÝWm |‘ | ""amObrbmn{V… H¥$îU… à^w…lrÛmaHo$ída…'',""EVoZ Añ‘Ën{V `mo ApñV à^w… lrÛmaHo$ída…'' BZAmË‘ñdrH¥${VHo$ AmYmana {Z…gÝXoh {gÕ hmoVm h¡. BZ XmoZm| J«ÝWm|H$s ‘ybhñV{bpIV à{V`m§ r H$m§H$amobrHo$ nyÁ`nmX ‘hmamOlrgo gånmXH$ lr‘JZbmbJUnVam‘ emñÌrOrH$mo {‘br Wr Omo CÝhm|Zo "nw{ï>^pŠVgwYm' ‘m{gH$ n{ÌH$mHo$df© 3 A§H$ 5-7 ‘| gånm{XV H$aHo$ AmOgo 94 df©nyd© àH$m{eV H$adm o Wo.Bg‘| {dJ«hdmXH$s EH$ hñV{bpIV à{V µOoamoŠg à{V{b{n Jmoñdm‘r lrnwéfmoÎm‘OrHo$hñVmjam|‘| AZw{b{n H$s hþB© ‘wPo ^r XoIZoH$mo {‘br. EVmdVm BZH$s CÎmamd{YVmo {ZYm©[aV hmo OmVr h¡ naÝVw nydm©d{Y {ZYm©[aV H$aZo OmZona AdVmadmXmdbrH$magonyd© mdr AWdm g‘H$m{bH$ Xmo "{J[aYaOr' Zm‘ d§emdbr‘| CnbãY hmoVo h¢ :

1.ÛmaHo$emË‘O {J[aYaOr ({d.g§.1662) 2.d«O^yfUmË‘O {J[aYaOr({d.g§.1745). BZ XmoZm|‘| go H$moB© EH$ hmoZm J«ÝWH$maH$m {ZYm©[aV {H$`m OmgH$Vm h¡. "H$m§H$amobrH$m B{Vhmg' Zm‘H$ J«ÝW‘| {ÛVr` {J[aYaOrHo$ emñÌì`gZr{dÛmZ² hmoZoH$m CëboI {‘bVm h¡. naÝVw dV©‘mZ V¥Vr` nrR>mYre Jmoñdm‘rlrd«OoeHw$‘maOrH$s YmaUm h¡ {H$ BÝh| ÛmaHo$emË‘O {J[aYaOr hr ‘mZZm Mm{h o.BZ {df`m|‘| CZH$s OmZH$mar ‘wPo Omo Hw$N> gm‘J«r CnbãY h¡, Cggo H$htA{YH$ hr hmoZogo BX{‘ËWV`m Hw$N> ^r {ZYm©[aV H$a nmZo ‘¢ AnZo-AmnH$mog‘W© Zht nmVm.

‘mV¥H$m : O¡gm {H$ CëboI H$a {X`m J`m VXZwgma "nw{ï>^pŠVgwYm' VWm~mX‘ | h‘ma o {nVm‘hH o $ AmñWmZnpÊS >V lra‘mZmW emñÌrOrZ o{d.g§.1976=B©.g.1920‘| nw{ï>‘mJu`{gÕmÝVH$m`m©b` (‘w§~B) Ûmam àH$m{eVdmXmdbr g§J«h‘| ànÄMdmX g§H${bV hþdm Wm. Cg‘| gånmXH$ ‘hmoX`Zo à wMaUHo$Á oð>mË‘O Ûmam {da{MV hmoZoH$m AZw‘mZ {H$`m h¡ naÝVw dh gå^mdZm BVZrà~b Zht bJVr h¡.

Jmoñdm‘r lraKwZmWmË‘O lrd«OZmWOr ~«ô‘dmX (V¥Vr`)Ho$ boIH$:

lrd«OZmWOr : lr‘X²dëb^d§emdbrHo$ AZwgma à^wMaUHo$ Á`oð>mË‘Olr{J[aYaOr ({d.g§.1597)Ho$ V¥Vr`mË‘O lrJmonrZmWOr ({d.g§.1634), BZHo$Á`oð>mË‘O lrà^wOr ({d.g§.1660), BZHo$ Á`oð>mË‘O lraUN>m o ‹S>Or({d.g§.1677), BZHo$ {ÛVr`mË‘O lraKwZmWOr ({d.g§.1727), BZHo$ AmË‘Olrd«OZmWOr ({d.g§.1744) àñVwV J«ÝWHo$ boIH$ h¢. m| AdVmadmXmdbrH$maHo$H${Zð> g‘H$m{bH$ {gÕ hmoVo h¢. BZH$s H¥${V`m|‘| fmoS>eJ«ÝWm|Ho$ AÝVJ©V{gÕmÝV‘wŠVmdbrH$s {dd¥{V{Q>ßnUr àH$m{eV h¡. Bgr Vah "d¡ mgÝ`m`‘mbm'Zm{‘H$m ~«ô‘gyÌ d¥{Îm ^r àW‘mÜ`m` {ÛVr`nmX n`©ÝV àH$m{eV h¡. naÝVwH$m§H$amobrñW {dÚm{d^mJ‘| V¥Vr`nmXHo$ 15d| gyÌ n ©ÝV {dÚ‘mZ hmoZoH$m CëboI{‘bVm h¡, Eogm "ewÕmÛ¡Vnw{ï>‘mJu` g§ñH¥$V dmL²>‘`'H$maH$m H$hZm h¡. H$hmOmVm h¡ {H$ o H$mH$m dëb^OrHo$ {eî` Wo Am¡a AnZo àË oH$ J«ÝWH$mo g§emoYZmW©CZHo$ nmg oOVo Wo. gmo Hw$N> BZHo$ J«ÝWm|Ho$ g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU g§emoYZH$maHo$Zm‘Ho$ gmW ^r à{gÕ h¢.

‘mV¥H$m : Xmo CnbãY hþ r XmoZm| hr nydm}pëbpIV àW‘ g§ñH$aU lra‘mZmWemñÌrOr Ûmam Am¡a {ÛVr` g§ñH$aU lrh[ae§H$a emñÌrOr Ûmam. BÝht XmoZm|g§ñH$aUm|Ho$ AmYmana `h V¥Vr` g§ñH$aU nwZ…àH$m{eV {H$`m Om ahm h¡.

Jmoñdm‘r lr{dÆ>bam`mË‘O lrdëb^Or ànÄMg§gma oXdmXH$Vm© :

55 56

lrdëb^Or : lr‘X²dëb^d§ed¥jmdbrHo$ AZwgma "{dÆ>bam`mË‘Olrdëb^Or' gd©àW‘ Vmo à wMaUHo$ MVwWm©Ë‘O lrJmoHw$bZmWOrH$m Ana Zm‘h¡. {ÛVr` àW‘/6J¥h‘| EH$ {dÆ>bam`Or ({d.g§.1657)‘| hþdo Am¡a BZHo$MVwWm©Ë‘OH$m ^r "H$mH$m dëb^Or' ({d.g§.1703) Zm‘ {‘bVm h¡. VrgamZm‘ n§M‘ J¥h‘| "{dÆ>boeOr' ({d.g§.1698) Am¡a BZHo$ AmË‘O dëb^Or({d.g§.1729) {‘bVm h¡. `m| VrZm|‘|

go o H$m¡Zgo h¢ H$h nmZm H${R>Z h¡. h‘mao `hm§go àH$m{eV dmXmdbr‘| BgJ«ÝWHo$ boIH$V`m à wMaUmË‘O lrJmoHw$bZmWOrH$mo ‘mZm h¡. H$moB© H$mH$m dëb^OrAdVmadmXmdbrH$maHo$ H${Zð> g‘H$m{bH$ ^r h¢ Am¡a o hr gw~mo{YZrna "boI'Zm‘H$ ì`m»`mZHo$ H$Vm© h¢. `m| Zm‘gmå`de J«ÝWH$Vm©H$m {ZYm©aU H${R>Z hmoJ`m h¡. d¡go à wMaUHo$ MVwWm©Ë‘O ~hþYm AnZo Zm‘Ho$ gmW gmW "{nV¥MaU¡H$VmZ'{deofU Adí` Omo‹S>Vo h¢, dh `hm§ nwpînH$m‘| AZwpëbpIV hmoZogo VWm àW‘/6 J¥hHo$ H$mH$m dëb^Or dmXmdbrH$mago 67 df© d`gm Á oð> hmoZoHo$ H$maUdmXmdbrH$ma CZH$m "dëb^…' Eogm EH$dMZmÝV Zm‘moëboI Zht H$aVo, Š`m|{H$CZH$s nXà`moJe¡brHo$ `h à{Vê$n h¡ AV…, V¥Vr` lr{dÆ>bam`mË‘Olrdëb^OrH$m hr boIH$ma hmoZm A{YH$ gå^mì` bJVm h¡.

dmëb^ doXmÝVHo$ J«ÝWm|H$s godmHo$ hoVw lrnwéfmoÎm‘OrHo$ AnaàmH$Q²>ç O¡golr‘ybMÝX VobrdmbmH$s ^r YmaUm `hr h¡. AV… V¥Vr` lrdëb^Or hr BgJ«ÝWHo$ ^r H$Vm© hmoZo Mm{h o.

Jmoñdm‘r lrJmoHw$bZmWmË‘O lr{dÆ>bam` ~«ô‘-Ord-VX¡Š`-ñdê$n- {Zê$nUH$ma :

lr{dÆ>bam` : d§ed¥j‘| àW‘/6 J¥h‘| à wMaUgo gmVdt N>Æ>r nr‹T>rnanydm}pëbpIV H$mH$m dëb^OrHo$ gmVd| nwÌ lrJmoHw$bZmWOr ({d.g§.1750)hþdo, BZHo$ {ÛVr`mË‘O lr{dÆ>bam`Or ({d.g§.1781) ‘| OZ‘o, Bggo A{YH$BZH$m H$moB© {ddaU ‘wPo kmV Zht.

‘mV¥H$m : o VrZm| J«ÝW dfm] nhbo "~¥hËñVmoÌg[aËgmJa…' Zm‘H$ bKwJ«ÝWm|H$mOmo g§H$bZ àH$m{eV hþdm Wm, Cg‘| àH$m{eV nmR>H$m hr `hm§ nwZ…àH$meZ h¡.

J m o ñ d m { ‘ l r n w é f m o Î m ‘ m Ý V o d m g r l r V w b O m a m ‘ O r{déÕY‘m©l`Ëd{ddoMZH$Vm© :

lrVwbOmam‘Or : o ñd § AnZo-AmnH$mo dmXmdbrH$ma lrnwéfmoÎm‘OrH$mAÝVodmgr hmoZm ñdrH$maVo h¢. gmo CZHo$ g‘H$m{bH$ hmoZm Vmo BZH$m {ZpíMV hrh¡. Hw$N> dfm] nyd© lrZmWÛmam‘| {ÛVr`nrR>mYre lrH$ë`mUam`OrHo$ hm{X©H$ Am¡Xm ©deCZHo$ hñV{bpIV g§J«hHo$ Xe©ZH$m gm¡ m½` àmßV hþdm Wm. V~ AVrd CXmaöX`goCÝhm|Zo ‘hmZw md lrh[aam`Or Ûmam nwÌV`m JmoX‘| {b o J o lr{J[aYaOrHo$ à{VdmXmdbrH$ma lrnwéfmoÎm‘OrHo$ {ZO hñVmjam|‘| {bpIV VrZ nÌm|Ho$ Xe©Z H$am oWo. CZ nÌm|H$s à{V{b{n r H$aZoH$s AZw‘{V Xr Wr gmo AnZo H¥$VkVmÚmoVZnyd©H$Bg àg§J‘| CÝh| CÕ¥V H$aZm Mmhþ§Jm :

(1) ñdpñV lrnwéfmoÎm‘mZm§ na‘gwöÎm‘{à`mÝVodm{gfw {J[aYaofw...

‘pÀN>î`ñ` VwbOmam‘ñ` dëb^ñ` M XÊS>dËàUm‘m….

(2) ñdpñV lrnwéfm oÎm‘mZm § {à`V‘{J[aYm[afw ew^m{ef…

g‘wëbgÝVw. e‘² Bh, ^mdËH§$ à{V{XZ‘² EY‘mZ‘² Amemñ‘ho.AnaÄM ...UmnÅ>Uņ {bpIV§ àmßV‘². gdm}@{n CXÝVmo kmV… VoZAmZÝX… g‘O{Z. AV… na§ ^JdÔe©Z§ {dYm` erK«‘² AmJÝVì`§H¥$VH$m £…. H$mÄÀ`m§ àhñVñ` àMmañ` H$mMZ dmVm© lwVm d{V MoX²{dbo»`m. VwbOmam‘dëb^Xmg`mo… XÊS>dËàUm‘m… ñdrH$m`m©….

(3)lrh[aO©`{V

57 58

lr‘Ëà wnXg{dYo ^dV… ñ‘ ©Vo. BXmZt ‘‘ ZoÌ`mo… AnmQ>d§y mo OmV‘² ApñV.

BZ nÌm|Ho$ ^r AmYmana `h {gÕ hmoVm {H$ lrVwbOmam‘Or Z Ho$db {eî`Wo {H$ÝVw lrnwéfmoÎm‘OrHo$ {à` AÝVodmgr ^r Wo. `hm§ àH$mí`‘mZ J«ÝWHo$Abmdm Am¡a ^r Hw$N> BZHo$ J«ÝWm|H$s hñV{bpIV à{V{b{n`m§ {‘bVr h¢ OmoA^r VH$ àH$m{eV hmo Zht nm`r h¢. Bggo A{YH$ Am¡a Hw$N> BZHo$ ~mao‘| ‘wPoAdJV Zht.

lrJmoHw$bmoËgdmË‘O lr`mo{JJmonoídaOr AmË‘dmXHo$ boIH$ : lr`mo{JJmonoídaOr : BZHo$ {nVm lrJmoHw$bmoËgdOr ({d.g§.1816),

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{XZm§H$ : 23,OZdar2008 Jmoñdm‘r í`m‘‘Zmoha

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61 62

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EVoZ moJXe©Zo Ý`m`Xe©Zo M {^ÝZm{^gpÝYnyd©H§$ B©ídañdrH$ma… B{V gwì`ŠV‘².

EVmdVm n[aUm‘dmXmZÝVa§ na‘mUwdmXñ` H$W§ {dH$mgmo OmV… B{V km{nV‘².VoZ EVoZ na‘mUwdmXoZm{n F${fg‘wXm`öX`VwpîQ>… Z A yX². F$f`ñVw ‘ÝÌÐîQ>maB{VdoXmW©{dMmaH$Ëd§ Vofm§ {ddmXa{hV‘². VVmo{h d¡{XH$Xe©Z{déÕmW©ñdrH$ma… Vofm§Z BîQ>mo ^{dVw‘² Ah©{V, g{V M¡d§ na‘mUwdmXñ` VX{^àoVËd§ H$W§ gå^doV²?AVEd lre§H$amMm`m©Um§ ~«ô‘gyÌ^mî o CŠVm…-

""àYmZH$maUdmX: H¡ $píMX² ‘Ýdm{X{^:gËH$m ©ËdmÚ§emonOrdZm{^àm oU Cn{Z~Õ:. A`ÝVw na‘mUwdmXmoZ H¡$píMX{n {eîQ>¡: Ho$Z{MX{n A§eoZ n[aJ¥hrVB{V AË`ÝV‘odAZmXaUr`mo doXdm{X{^:''.

""VXod‘² AgmaVaVH©$g§ÑãYËdmX² B©ídaH$maUlw{V{déÕËdmV²lw{VàdU¡… M {eîQ>¡: ‘Ýdm{X{^: An[aJ¥hrVËdmX² AË`ÝV‘odAZnojm Apñ‘Z² na‘mUwdmXo H$m`m © lo`m o{W©{^: B{VdmŠ`eof:...d¡eo{fH${gÕmÝVmo Xw`w ©pŠV`moJmX² doX{damoYmV²{eîQ>mn[aJ«hmV² M Z Ano{jVì`….''(em§.^m.2&2&3,17)

B{V.

Vm B‘m… n§ŠV`mo doXmpÝVZm‘² A{^àm`mdJ‘mW©‘² n`m©ßVm…. Am¡Sw>bmoå`{gV-Xodb-ZmaX-H$meH¥$ËñZmX`mo {h d¡{XH${dMmanaånamàdV©H$m: EVX²dmXmbmoMZoÑT>mJ«{hUmo A ydZ². ^JdVm ~mXam`UoZ ‘hm^maV-~«ô‘gyÌ-^mJdVm{XJ«ÝWmZ²{daMæ` d ¡ {XH$ m on {ZfX ²Xe ©Zñ` n wZéÕma: H ¥ $V:. ~ «ô‘ ¡dOJX{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZH$maU‘² B{V {gÕmÝVñ` CX²Kmof: H¥$V:. Vñ‘mX²~ «ô‘{^ÝZna‘mÊdmaãY § OJX ² B{V {gÕmÝVñdrH$ ma oV wAZoH$lw{VgyÌo{VhmgnwamUdMZ{damoY: àË`j:.

VWmM AZoH$lw{V‘w»`mW©~mYoZ Jm¡Ur bjUm dm Am{l`Vo. CXmhaUê$noU""`Vmo dm B‘m{Z ^yVm{Z Om`ÝVo, `oZ OmVm{Z OrdpÝV, `V² à`pÝVA{^g§{depÝV'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1) B{V B § lw{V: OJXwËn{ÎmpñW{Vb`m: ~«ô‘Ê od^dpÝV B{V H$W`{V. AÌ b`mo@{n gwñnîQ>§ ~«ô‘{U àX{e©V:. H$m`©{db`…CnmXmZEd ^d{V, ZVw {Z{‘Îmo. KQ>b`mo ‘¥{ÎmH$m`m‘od ÑîQ>mo Z Hw$å^H$mao. `{X~«ô‘Umo {Z{‘ÎmH$maUV¡d Aä`wno`Vo MoX² Z H$WpÄMX{n OJX²{db`mo ~«ô‘{U^{dVw‘² Ah©{V. {db`mZwnnÎmm ¡V w Añ`m: lwV o: ""VÁObmZ²... ''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&1) B{V lwVoíM {damoYEd. b`à{VnmXH$^mJñ` Jm¡UmW©Ëdml`U§Y«wd§ dVr{V ‘w»`mW©~mYEd. Hw$Vmo{h ‘w»`mW©~mY: H$aUr`:, qH$ àË`j{damoYoZdm VH©${damoYoZ AmhmopñdV² eãX{damoYoZ dm?. EVofw {damoYofw AmÚ{damoYÛ`ñ`VwAZdganamhVV¡d, eãX¡H$g‘{YJå`ËdmX² Añ` {df`ñ`. ""`mo{ZíM {hJr`Vo'' (~«.gy.1&4&27&) VWm ""EVoZ {eîQ>mn[aJ«hmA{n ì`m»`mVm:''(~«.gy.2&1&12) BË`Z`mo: gyÌ`mo… mî o lr^JdËnmXmoŠV`ñVw Adí`mZwgÝYo m….Vm… `Wm-

""Z bmoH$dX² Bh ^{dVì`‘². Z{h A`‘² AZw‘mZJå`mo AW©:,eãXJå`ËdmX² Añ` AW©ñ` `WmeãX‘² Bh ^{dVì`‘². eãXíMB©{jVw: B©ídañ` àH¥${VËd§ à{VnmX`{V B{V AdmoMm‘:. EVoZ àH¥$VoZàYmZH$maUdmX{ZamH$aUH$maUoZ {eîQ>¡: ‘Zwì`mgm{X{^: Ho$Z{MX²A§eoZ An[aJ¥{hVm: `o AÊdm{XH$maUdmXm… Vo@{n à{gÕV`mì`m»`mVm… {ZamH¥$Vm… ÐîQ>ì`m:. Vwë`ËdmX² {ZamH$aUH$maUñ` ZAÌ nwZ… Ame§{H$Vì`§ {H$pÄMX² ApñV. Vwë`‘² AÌm{n

65 66

na‘Jå^rañ` OJËH$maUñ` VH$m ©ZdJmô`Ëd§ VH©$ñ`Aà{VpîR>VËd‘². AÝ`WmZw‘mZo@{n A{d‘moj: AmJ‘{damoY… M B{VEd§OmVr`H§$ {ZamH$aUH$maU‘²''.

(em§.^m.1&4&27-2&1&12).

VX² EVV² {gÕ‘² CnÝ`ñV¡… dMZ¡: V² lr‘ÀN>§H$amMm`m©A{n ~«ô‘OJËH$maUVmHo$dbdoXà‘mUJå`m B{V A{^bfpÝV {gÕmÝVV`m B{V. Ho$dbdoXeãXà‘mUH$-à‘o`à{VnmXHo$ doX^mJo Jm¡Ê`m… bjUm`m… dm Aml`U§ gd©Wm A{ZîQ>‘² B{VVofm§ ‘Z…àË``…. EVËgm{jËdoZ ""VpÝZîR>ñ` ‘mojmonXoemX²'' (~«.gy.1&1&5)B{V gyÌ^mî`ñWm{Z lre§H$a^JdËnmXdMZmÝ od CX²Y«r`ÝVo ""A{nM Šd{MX²Jm¡U: eãXmo ÑîQ>mo ZM EVmdVm eãXà‘mUHo$ AW} Jm¡Ur H$ënZm Ý`mæ`m,gd©Ì AZmídmgàg§JmV²'' (~ «.g y.em.^m.1&1&7) B{V. CXmöV oZlre§H$amMm`©dMZoZ d¡{XH$mZm§ F$frUm§ {dMmaYmam H$m B{V {dÛ{Ø: gabV`mkmVw§ eŠ`m. `{X lre§H$amMm ©H$m{bH$doXmÝV{MÝVH$mZm‘{n lwVm¡ ‘w»`mW©~mYmoA{ZîQ>… AmgrV² VXm lrdoXì`mgH$m{bH$ñ` F${f‘wXm`ñ` H¥$Vo ""`Vmo dm B‘m{Z^yVm{Z Om`ÝVo, `oZ OmVm{Z OrdpÝV, `V² à`pÝV A{^g§{depÝV'',""VÁObmZ²...'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1, N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&1) BË`m{XdmŠ`mZm§‘w»`mW©~mYoZ ~«ô‘Umo {Z{‘ÎmH$maUVmdmX… H$W§ ñdrH$m`©… ñ`mV² AVmo{h‘h{f©Û¡nm`ZoZ Am¡n{ZfX²~«ô‘dmXñWmnZm ¡d ~«ô‘gyÌmUm§ aMZm H¥$Vm B{V AdJå`Vo.A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZH$maU§ ~«ô‘ B{V {gÕmpÝVV‘². ""VX² yV`moqZ n[aní`pÝVYram:'' (‘wÊS >.Cn.1&1&6) ""H$Vm©a‘² B©e§ nwéf§ ~«ô‘ `mo{Z‘²''(‘ wÊS >.Cn.3&1&3) BË`m{Xl wË`ÝVJ ©V"`m o {Z'eãX‘ w»`mW ©ajUmW ©‘ ²b`à{VnmXH$lw{VdmŠ`‘w»`mW©g§ajUmWª M ~«ô‘dmX… ñWm{nV….

EVoZ¡d N>mÝXmo½`ñWmZm‘² EH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZà{VnmXH$à{VkmdMZmZm§‘¥Xm{XÑîQ>mÝV{Zê$nH$dMZmZm§ M ‘w»`mW©g§ajU§ gånÝZ‘². Ed§ {Z{X©îQ>dmXmZm§{dMmaH«$‘: lrì`mg‘h{f©H$m{bH$doXmW©{dMmaH$mUm§ {dMmanaånam M ÐîQ>m.

BXmZt "~«ô‘dmX'eãXmW©{ZU© m` à`Vm‘ho : nyd©{ddoMZoZ¡d BX§ ñnîQ>§ `V²Ho$db{Z{‘ÎmH$maUdm{XZm§ Z ~«ô‘dm{XËd§ {H$ÝVw A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZH$maUdm{XZEd

~«ô‘dm{XZ:. EVoZ {ÛVr`{dH$ën{ZamgàH$mamo@{n gy{MV:. EVX² CnmXmZËd§ Ibw~«ô‘Umo {ddV©Ñï² >çm n[a‘mUÑï² >çm dm ñdrH$m`©‘² B{V EVpÝZU©`oZ ¡dàW‘{dH$ën{ZagZnÕ{Va{n ~w{ÕnW‘² Am`mñ`{V. "~«ô‘dmX'eãXmW©… M {ZUuVmo^{dî`{V.

VÌ VmdX² ~«ô‘Umo {ddVm}nmXmZVm Aä wnoVì`m dm Z dm B{V {ZU© mV² àmH²$g ¥ï ² >ç wËnÎm o… n yd ©H$m{bH$m`m… AdñWm`m… à{VnmXH¡$… Cn{ZfX²dMZ¡:g¥pîQ>ñdê$n{Zê$nH$dMZ¡… M gmH§$ {ddVm}nmXmZËdñ` EH$dmŠ`Vm eŠ`Vo Zdm?B{V {d‘e©ñ` Ibw na‘m Amdí`H$Vm. `ñ‘mX² ~«ô‘Umo {ddVm}nmXmZËd‘²Aä wnJÝV¦Um§ ‘Vo ànÄMñ` ‘m{`H$ «‘ê$nËd‘² AH$m‘oZm{n Aä wnJ‘Zr`‘od.«‘ê$noU OmVñ` OJVm gh H$maUV`m H$ñ`MZ H$Vw©… B©jUñ` M Anojm dV©Vo

Zdm BX‘{n nam‘«îQ>ì`‘². ñd‘VgmYH$ËdoZ doXmpÝVZ: B©jU§ g{deof‘² Cn wÄOVoB{V gwà{WV‘².

Ñí`Vo {h g¥ï²>çwËnÎmo… àmŠH$m{bH$mdñWm{Zê$nHo$fw ""VX² EojV ~hþ ñ`m‘²''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&3) BË o‘m{Xfw Cn{ZfX²dmŠ ofw na‘oídaH$V©¥H$‘² B©jU§, VoZ EVñ`nyU©V`m {ZJ‘à{‘VËd‘{n ñ’w$Q>‘od. {X AZoZ {ddVm}nmXmZËdamÕmÝVmo A{déÕ:ñ`mV² VX¡d {ddVm}nmXmZdmXñ` d¡{XH$gå‘VËd§ ñdrH$m`ª Z AÝ`Wm. BVaWm{eîQ>mn[aJ¥hrVËd‘² Ý`m`d¡eo{fH$dX² AÌm{n Vwë`‘² AmñWo`‘², lo`mo{W©Zm§ MH¥$Vo ho`Ëdmonoú`Ëdo A{n. AVEd ^«‘moËn{ÎmV: àmJ² B©jU‘² Amdí`H§$ ZdmBË`{n {d‘¥em‘:.

VÌ VmdV² ewpŠVaOVm{X{d «‘moËn{ÎmV: nydª Hw$Ìm{n B©jU§ ÑpîQ>nWo Z Am`m{V,ZM Ho$Zm{n àH$maoU B©jUmdí`H$Vm ^«mÝVm¡ àVr`Vo. Z{h àojmdmZ² H$ñ`m{n«‘moX² dV… nydª B©jUoZ gh «mÝVmo d{V. «‘ñVw ÑÀN>`m AH$ñ‘mXod dVr{V

dñVwVñVw ZmñË`od {d‘em©dí`H$Vm. Vñ‘mX² ^«‘ê$nànÄMmoËn{ÎmV: nydª ~«ô‘gojU§ «‘mË‘H§$ {díd‘² CËnmX`{V B{V H$WZÝVw {YfUm{VaoH${db{gV‘od.

67 68

AÝ`X{n AÌ {dMmaUr`‘² : AÜ`ñV§ OJX² CËnmÚ na‘mË‘m {H$‘w ñd §«mÝVmo ^d{V? AWdm Ordofw na‘oídamo «mpÝV‘² CËnmX`{V `Wm EopÝÐOm{bH$:

àojH$g‘yh§ «mpÝV‘² AZw md`{V? OJpÝZ‘m©UojUH$Vm© na‘oída: ñd § «mÝVmo^d{V B{V dMZÝVw B©ídañ` KmoamonhmgEd BVmo A{YH$ñ` Cnhmgñ` eŠ`V¡dZmpñV. wŠË`g§JVËd‘{n Añ` H$WZñ`, {dMmañ` {deofkmZmoËnmXH$ËdoZ àË wV^«‘~mYH$ËdmV².

AW OJpÝZ‘m ©U ojUH$V©[a na‘oída o H$maUV`m dm H$V ¥ ©V`m dm«mpÝVH$maUH$bmnm… MoV² VXm AÝ`‘ZñH$VmH$mM{V{‘amÚm… «mpÝVH$maUH$bmnm…

XodXÎm{ZîR>m… `kXÎmñVw nwZ… V¡{^… «mÝVmo ^d{V B{V ‘hV² {MÌ‘² VÛX² Ordmo«‘mZw d§ H$amo{V B{V njñ`m{n VH$m©ZwnnÝZËd‘od. AVmo{h EoÝÐOm{bH$dX² B©ídamo

{h «mpÝV§ OZ`{V BË`Ìm{n VH$m©Zwnn{ÎmñVw Vwë ¡d. Vmo{h EoÝÐOm{bH$: ñdmoËnm{XVofw{‘Ï`m^yVofw àojHo$fw Z ^«mpÝV§ OZ`{V {H$‘wV gË`mZod àojH$mZ² {‘Ï`mdñVwAZw^md`{V

VÌ à{V{~å~dmXoVw Ordñ` ñd § «‘ê$nËdoZ «‘mZw dH$aUñ` AeŠ`V¡d.AdÀN> oXdmXnjo ñdënm Ibw eŠ`Vm, VWm{n AdÀN> oXdm{XZñV wOrdm{lVm{dÚmdm{XZ… B{V Efm MMm©{n Vofm‘² AZwn`mo{JZr. AdÀN>oXdmXnjoVwOrdm{lVm{dÚ¡d OJX² «‘OZZr B{V. VÌ EoÝÐOm{bH$dX² B©ídamon`moJEd ZmpñV.A{dÚmdpÀN>ÝZoZ MoVZoZ VWm A{dÚmXmofoU¡d gd©H$m ©{gÕm¡ AZw mdH$ñ` B©ídañ`AOmJbñVZàm`Ëd‘od.

ànÄMñ` {ddV©ê$nËdmä`wnJ‘oVw BVmo@{n A{YH$XmofmUm§ àgpŠV:. VÌ‘w»`V`m BX‘² AmbmoMZr`‘² : B©ídamo Ana‘mW©: na‘mWm} dm? na‘mW©ËdnjoVwÛ¡Vmn{Îm:. Ana‘mW©ËdnjoVw EVX² «‘m{YîR>mZËdoZ ewÕ‘od A§JrH$aUr`‘². ewÕñ`kmZm{df`V`m {H$ÝVw A{YîR>mZËd‘² AZwnnÝZ‘². A{YîR>mZËdmZwnnÎmm¡VwH$maUm^mdmX² ^«‘m^mdEd. `{X gmÑí`m{YîR>mZkmZ{df`Vm{X-H$maUmZm‘²gm{X «‘Ed Anojm V{h© ""Ord B©emo {dewÕm {MV²'' ( . . & & ) BË`m{XdMZ¡:B ©ída^«‘ñ` AZm{XËdoZ AZm{X^«‘o H$maUmnojm ZmpñV B{V dMZÝVw{S >å^OZì`m‘m ohZ‘mÌ‘ od. ""AZm{X^«‘o A{YîR>mZ-Xm of-

ê$nH$maUÛ`mnojmgÎdo@{n AÝ`H$maUmnojm ZmpñV, XmofOÝ`Ëdo@{nAZm{XËd‘² ApñV'' BË`m{XdMZm{ZVw ñdJmoîR>rà{gÕg‘`mÝ`od. AWH$maUÛ`mnojm{n ZmpñV B{V ñdrH$maoVw ~m¡ÕeyÝ`dmXàdoeEd gw{ZpíMV….XmofOÝ`Ëd§ M AZm{XËd§ Mm{n B{VVw ñdVmoì`mhV§ dMZ‘². AÌ {deof{Okmgm`mÝVwlr^mî`lwVàH$m{eH$mVÎd‘wŠVmH$bmngdm©W©{g{ÕeVXyfÊ`mXrZm‘² AdbmoH$Z§na‘mdí`H$‘².

ñ`mX² EVX² Z d`‘² A{YîR>mZñdê$ngÎmm§ ^«‘H$mbñWbmo^`mdÀN>oXoZì`mgoYm‘: `oZ gm¡JVg‘`§ à{deo‘; A{nVw A{YîR>mZkmVËdmnojm‘od""AàË`jo@{n AmH$meo ~mbm… Vb‘{bZVm‘² AÜ`ñ`pÝV''(~«.gy.em.^m.1&1&1) B{V ^mî`dMZmZwgmaoU ì`mgoYm‘ B{V MoX²

AÌ {H$pÄMV² nam‘¥í`Vo : AZwX² yVê$ndÎdoZ MmjwfàË`jm^mdo@{n `Wm~mbmZm§ Vb‘{bZVmÚÜ`mg: Mmjwfmo ^d{V VWm AÌm{n àË`jkmZm{df`V`mAkmVo@{n A{YîR>mZo B©ída «‘mo {díd «‘… M d{V B{V Z dŠVì`‘², AkmVo@{nA{YîR>mZo `{X «‘mo ^d{V B{V A§Jr{H«$`Vo V{h© ""BX§ ‘{bZ‘²'' BË`Ì "BX‘²'B{V gd©ZmåZm H$ñ` nam‘em} dŠVì`…, AmH$meñ` ‘{bZVm`m… dm?àW‘njm§JrH$maoVw A{YîR>mZñ` gm‘mÝ`V`m kmVËd‘² Am`mV‘odo{V gd©WmAkmVËdgmYZ § Z CnnÚV o. {ÛVr`njñdrH$ ma oV wAmH$mem{lVm «m{Xgå~pÝY‘{bZVm`mEd "BX‘²' BË`ZoZ J«hUmV² Vpñ‘ÝZod VX²~w{Õ:^dVr{V ""AÜ`mgmo Zm‘ AVpñ‘Z² VX²~w{Õ:'' (~«.gy.em.^m.1&1&1) B{Vì`m»`m{déÕV`m ""naÌ nyd©ÑîQ>md^mg: ñ‘¥{Vê$n:'' (VÌ¡d) B{VbjUmZmH«$mÝVV`m M ""BX§ ‘{bZ‘²'' B{V àË``ñ` AÜ`mgËd‘od Z ^doV².Vñ‘mX² ""BX§ ‘{bZ‘²'' B{V àË``ñ` AÜ`ñVËdmä wnJ‘o A{YîR>mZñ` kmVËd§gm‘mÝ`V`m Aä wno ‘od. AV: AmH$meñ` AMmjwfËdo@{n ‘mZgkmZ{df`ËdoZgd©Wm kmZm{df`Vm ZmpñV BË`ñ‘mXod hoVmo… «‘gå^d:. ewÕ~«ô‘UñVw gd©WmAkmVËdoZ VX{YîR>mZH$^«‘mgå^dEd.

{H$ÄM `mÑemo {df`mo `pñ‘Z² «‘o `Ì A{Yð>mZo Amamoß`Vo VmÑeoZ¡d VoZA{YîR>mZoZ VÌ ^{dVì`‘². `Wm Mmjwfo Mmjwf§, lmdUo lmdU§ BË`m{X. gmo@ §

69 70

{Z`‘… emñÌeãX¡H$Jå o ~«ô‘{U gH$bopÝÐ`J«mh² ñ` {díd «‘ñ` CnbãYo… ½Zmo^d{V.

BX‘² AÌ AdYo § : nÄMopÝÐ`J«mô` «‘ofw àË oHo$pÝÐ`J«mô` «‘o EVpÝZ`‘ñ`{Z`VËdo@{n ‘ZgñVw gd}pÝÐ`{Z`m‘H$ËdoZ gd}pÝÐ`gå~ÕËdoZ ‘ZmoJ«mô o A{YîR>mZo‘mZgBd Mmjwfm{X «‘mo@{n gå^d{V. AVEd {dà wŠVñ` ""àmgmXo gm n{W-n{W M gm'' BË`mH$maH${dahmZw do ‘ZmoJ«mô`Ed A{YîR>mZo Mmjwf «‘mo@{n Ñí`Vo.AVmo Z Añ‘XwŠVñ` AZwnnÝZËd‘² B{V. Ed§{h Aä wnJ‘Ed ""BX‘² ‘{bZ‘²''B{V àË``ñ` ^«‘Ëd§ gå^doX² AÝ`WmVw {d`Xm{lVm^«m{X‘m{bÝ`ñ` "BX‘m'nam‘e} Vw «‘bjUmZmH«$mÝVËdoZ {d`Ý‘m{bÝ`ñ` AÜ`mgËd‘od Z CnnÝZ§ ^doX²B{V AYñVmX² Cnnm{XV‘².

EVÎmw àm¡T²>`m H¥$Ëdm{MÝV`m CŠV‘². AÌ AÝ`X{n {H$pÄMX² dŠVì`‘²Ad{eî`Vo : AdH$meê$nñ` AmH$meñ`Vw àË`jËd‘od AZw^y`Vo. AÝ`WmVwJ¥h{Z‘m©Um{X{H«$`m`m J‘ZmondoeZm{X{H«$`m`mA{n Agå^d:. Mjwfm Ñí`‘mZmoAdH$meñVw Z n¥{Wì`m§ Z Obo Z VoO{g Zdm dm`m¡ AÝV^y©Vmo ^d{V,n¥{Wì`m{X{^ÝZV`¡d ñnîQ>V`m Ñí`‘mZËdmV². VÎmëbjUmgå~ÕV`m{nn¥{Wì`m{X{^ÝZËd‘² AdH$meñ`. AdH$meXe©Zm^mdo AmYo yVm ‘{bZVm{n ZÑí oV B{V A «m{X‘m{bÝ`mYma yVñ` AdH$meê$nñ` AmH$meñ` MmjwfËd‘odA§JrH$aUr`‘². EVmdVm AkmVËd‘² A{YîR>mZñ` {ZañV§ kmVËd‘od {gÕ‘².

ZZw AZwX²^yVê$ndÎdoZ dm`w… `Wm AàË`j: VWm AZwX²^yVê$ndÎdoZAmH$meñ`m{n AàË`jËd‘od C{MV{‘{V H$W‘² Ed‘² CÀ`Vo? B{V MoV² Vwë oAZwX² yVê$ndÎdo@{n C^`mo: EH$ñ` MmjwfàË`j{df`Ëd‘² AÝ`ñ` Z BË`Ìm{n{H$pÄMV² H$maU§ dŠVì`‘². AdH$meê$nñ` AmH$meñ` àË`j{gÕËdoZ C^`mo:d¡bjÊ § àË`j‘² AZw y Vo. AÝVVmoJËdm H$íMZ ñd^md{deofEd {Z`m‘H$V`mA§JrH$m`m} oZ d¡bjÊ`‘² CnnÚoV. A{V{Z{~S>mÝYH$mao ‘Z{g H$pënVo ‘ZmoJ«mô`EdA{Yð>mZo H$Xm{MV² H$ñ`m{n H$mpÝXerH$ñ` ^mdZmàH$f}U Mmjwf{nemMm{X «‘mo^d{V B{V ‘ZmoJ«mô o A{YîR>mZo@{n Mmjwfm{X «‘mo d{V B{V Añ‘XwŠV{Z`‘ñ ¡dñW¡ ©‘².

AÌ nwZ: {H$pÄMV² CÀ`Vo : {deofVmo {d‘e}Vw A{YîR>mZñ` AkmVËd§AÝVVmoJËdm «‘mZwn`mo{JËdEd n ©dñ`{V. «‘ñ` à{g{Õ: Anma‘m{W©H$s gÎmm{n«mÝVmYrZ¡d; Vmo mo{h «‘mZw d§ H$amo{V VXYrZ¡d «‘ñ` à{g{Õ: Anma‘m{W©H$s

M gÎmm dmÀ`m. AÝ`mYrZmVw gÎmm Z¡d {Zê$n{`Vw§ eŠ`m AÝ`Wm «mÝVghd{V©Zm‘{n^«‘mZw^dmo Xw{Z©dmaEd ^do{X{V ewº²$`m{Xfw aOVm{XH§$ gd£… AZw^y`oV². AVmo«‘à{g{Õ: Anma‘m{W©H$s gÎmm M «mÝVmYrZ¡d {Zê$ß`m. «‘ñdê$n{Zdm©hmo@{n«mÝVmYrZEdo{V `X² «‘àmŠjUo «‘g‘ o dm «mÝVmZw yË`JmoMa§ VX² «‘mZwn`mo{J

B{V A{ZÀN>`m{n {gÜ`{V. Ed‘ ² AZ wn`m o {JËd{gÕm ¡ ^ «‘g‘` oA{YîR > mZñdê$npñW{V: Aà`m o {OH o $ {V {Za{YîR > mZH$^ «‘à{gÕ`mVw ©~m¡ÕMmVw ©‘wIaËdàg§J:. AV: {gÕ‘² EVX² ""BX§ ‘{bZ‘²'' B{V àË``ñ`^«mpÝVËd‘² A{YîR>mZgm‘mÝ`kmZoZ¡d {gÜ`{V. AÝ`WmVw gX²dñËddJm{hV`mà‘mê$nËd§ Xwdm©a‘od. AV: AàË`jVmopŠVñVw {MÝË ¡d.

X² O¡ZmX`mo ì`ŠVeÌwËd§ àXe© ÝV B©ídaH$maUËd§ IÊS>`pÝV {ddV©dm{XZñVwñdJ¥hpñWVJwßVeÌwdV² N>X²‘oU na‘oídampñVËd§ à{VfoYpÝV ZZw VX{n~«ô‘H$maUËdmonJ‘oZ gho{V ~«ô‘UñVw ""`Vmo dm B‘m{Z yVm{Z Om`ÝVo oZOmVm{Z OrdpÝV V² à`pÝV A{^g§{depÝV... VX² {d{Okmgñd VX² ~«ô‘''(V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1) B{V lw{V~mo{YVm… g¥{ï>OZH$Vm g¥{ï>nmbH$Vm, na‘oídVaVm B{V`mdV², g¥{ï>b`monmXmZVm BË od‘m{Xlm¡VY‘m©… Y«wd§ {ZañVm…. ~«ô‘ H$maU§ ZmpñVB{V ñnîQ>V`m H$WZ§ lm¡Vñ` ~«ô‘U… gd©OZlmoÌJå`mo AZ§JrH$ma…. EVX²d¡narË oZ""~«ô‘U: H$pënV§ H$maUËd‘²'' B{V H$WZÝVw Vñ` lmì`‘mUoZ H$maUËdOënZoZlmoV¥OZdÄMZ‘od. ÑîQ>mÝVê$noU H$ñ`MZ ì`pŠV{deofñ` nmpÊS>Ë`oZ {damoYo""EVpñ‘Z² nmpÊS>Ë § ZmpñV'' BË od§ {ZÝXZ§ ñnï>mo {damoY…; VW¡d, ""EVpñ‘Z²nmpÊS>Ë`§ OZ¡… ñdoZ dm H$pënV‘²'' BË`od OënZÝVw N>Ùmo {damoY…. Ed‘odO¡Zm{X{damoYàH$mamo AÛ¡{V{damoYàH$maV… CËH¥$îQ>… B{V A§JrH$m`©‘od. AVEdgmYyŠV§ gd©VÝÌñdVÝÌ¡: ‘r‘m§gmgagréhghòm§ewê$n¡: lrnmW©gma{W{‘l¡: ""VX²da‘² Añ‘mX² ‘m`mdmXmX² ‘mhm`m{ZH$dmX…'' (em.Xr. & & ) B{V.

VXoVV² gdª {d‘¥í` Ed‘² Añ‘m{^: {ZUu`Vo `V² àH¥$Vo: ñdmVÝÍ § gË`Ëd§M ñdrH¥$Ë` àH¥${V: OJËH$maU‘² B{V gm§»`{gÕmÝV:. àH¥$Vo… A{Zd©MZr`Ëd‘²

71 72

A§JrH¥$Ë` dMZ‘mÌoU ~«ô‘nmaVÝÍ § àXí ©, ~«ô‘U: àH¥${VnmaVÝÍ § àXe©{`ËdmAZrídaVwë`Vm§ M gmY{`Ëdm gd©Wm H$V¥©Ëd-H$maUËdm{X-Y‘©eyÝ`Vm§ ewÕ~«ô‘U:M ñdrH$m © ""àH¥$Vo: {H«$`‘mUm{Z''(^J.JrVm.3&7) VWm ""Vñ` H$Vm©a‘{n‘m‘²'' (^J.JrVm.4&13) B{V JrVmdmŠ`Û`ñ`m{n AÝ`WmWª H¥$Ëdm ""g{deofUo{h àgŠVm¡ {d{Y{ZfoYm¡ {deofU‘od Cng§H«$m‘Vmo {deoî`o ~mYHo$ g{V''B{V Ý`m`oZ ~«ô‘H$maUVm‘² AnôZwË` àH¥$Vo: OJËH$maUËd§ à{VnmXZ§ {h~«ô‘H$maUVm{ZfoYm ¡d {ddVm}nmXmZdm{XZm‘² AÛ¡{VZm§ {gÕmÝV: n ©dgÝZ….

Vwë`V`m gm§»`Ý`m`d¡eo{fH$dX² ~«ô‘monmXmZH$maUVm`m… AÛ¡Vo@{n {damoY:.AV: ""EVoZ {eîQ>mn[aJ«hm...'' BË`m{XgyÌ^mî o CŠVmo {ZU© : ñd{gÕmÝVoZm{ngå~Ü`Vo B{V A{dñ‘aUr`‘² AÛ¡{V{^:.

Vñ‘mX² BX§ {ZîàË yh§ {gÕ§ `X² A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZdm{XZEd ~«ô‘dm{XZ:B{V Añ‘XwŠV§ gd©‘{n {ZadÚ‘².

"gJwU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmW©{d‘e©: : Bh {h {d{dYd¥{OZVmnmonVß`‘mZ{ZpIbOZmndJm©` emñÌo ldUmX`:

à{VnmÚÝVo. Vofm§ {df`… M ~«ô‘¡d VV² gJwU§ {ZJw©U§ dm? B{V d{V {d{M{H$Ëgm.

VÌ VmdX² ""AñWybm...'' (~¥h.Cn.3&8&8) BË`m{XlwVo: {ZJw©U‘od B{VAÛ¡{VZ:. ""nam Añ` epŠV… {d{dY¡d ly Vo ñdm^m{dH$s kmZ~b{H«$`mM'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&8), ""EVñ` dm Ajañ` àemgZo...'' (~¥h.Cn.3&8&9)BË`m{Xlw{Vä`mo AàmH¥$V{ZpIbY‘©ê$n‘² B{V ~«ô‘dm{XZ:.

EVpÝZU© ñ`, {H$ÝVw, "gJwU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmW©{dMmaZmÝVar`H$ËdoZ nwañVmV²"gJwU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmW©{dMma: g‘rú`Vo. "gJwU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmW© mo… àH$maÛ §emñÌofw g‘wnbä`Vo : EH$… VmdX² AÛ¡{V‘VarË`m AÝ`… e¡dd¡îUd‘VarË`m.AÛ¡{VàH$mao ‘m{`H$JwU wŠVËd§ "gJwU'eãXñ` AW©: gd©Wm JwUY‘m©{XeyÝ`Ëd§"{ZJw©U'eãXñ` M AW©:. d¡îUde¡dàH$maoVw AàmH¥$V-{Xì`-JwUY‘©`wŠVËd§"gJwU'eãXñ` AW©: àmH¥$VJwUam{hË § M "{ZJw©U'eãXñ` AW©:. EVËàH$maÛ oH$ñ` lw{Vgå‘VËd§ H$ñ` lw{V{gÕËd‘² EVmdXod {d‘¥í`‘².

V¡{Îmar`Zmam`Umon{Zf{X ""Aå^ñ` nmao...'' BË`maä` ""VXod ~«ô‘ na‘§H$drZm‘²'' (‘hmZm.Cn. & & ) BË`ÝV ¡ : l w {VdmŠ` ¡ :gH$bOJXwËnmXH$Ëdm@@{XË`m{XàH$meH$Ëdm@ÝV:à{dîQ>Ëd-g‘wÐmÝV: em{`Ëd-naËdmÚZ oH ¡ $ … Y‘m © … ~ «ô‘{U gpÝV B{V àXí` © EVX ²J wU` wŠVñ` ¡dkm{Zgå‘Vna~ «ô‘Ëd‘ ² BË` oVX ² {dÛÐ ÿT ² >çm gm{YV‘ ². AÌAàmH ¥ $V{ZpIbY‘ ©ê $nñ` ¡d km{Zgå‘Vna~ «ô‘ËdgmYZ oZ Vñ`JwUeyÝ`Ëdmä wnJ‘ñVw {dn`m©gEd B{V gwñnîQ>§ lwË ¡d {gÜ`{V B{V d¡îUd‘Vñ ¡dlw{Vgå‘VËd‘². Zmam`Una~«ô‘Ëd{gÕmÝVm o@{n lwË`¡d {gÜ`{V B{Vg‘wÐmÝV:em{`ËdY‘}U A § g‘wÐmÝV:em`r Zmam`UEd na§ ~«ô‘ B{V gmY{`ËdmVXod km{ZZm§ na~«ô‘ B{V gmYZ§ d¡îUd‘Vñ ¡d lw{Vgå‘VËdo à~b§ à‘mU‘²B{V Ñí`V o. Zmam`Una~ «ô‘ËddmXm o@ {n d ¡ îUdgå‘V"gJ wU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmWm©ZwHy$bEd ZVw AÛ¡{Vgå‘V"gJwU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmWm©ZwHy$b:.

F$½doXñW{dîUwgyŠVo ""{dîUmoZw© H§$ dr`m©{U àdmoM `: nm{W©dm{Z {d‘‘oaOm§{g'' (F$Šg§{h. & & ) BË`Z`m lwË`m AZÝVJwU{d{eîQ>‘od ~«ô‘ñdê$n§{gÜ`{V. Añ ¡d AZwdmXmo lr‘X² mJdVo ""`mo dm AZÝVñ` JwUmZ² AZÝVmZ²''(^mJ.nwam.11&4&2), ""{dîUmoZw © dr`©JUZm§ H$V‘mo Ah©{V Bh''(^mJ.nwam.2&7&40) BË`Ì M H¥$V:. àX{e©Và‘mU¡: AàmH¥$V{Xì`JwUY‘© wŠVV¡d~«ô‘U: gm{YVm ZVw JwUY‘©eyÝ`Vm.

""nam Añ` epŠV… {d{dY¡d ly Vo ñdm^m{dH$s kmZ~b{H«$`m M''BË`Ì "Añ`' B{V n w § pëb§Jà`m oJ: "ñdm^m{dH$s' B{V nXà`m oJíMAm ¡nm {YH$J wUdmXm o Ý‘ ybZmW ª n`m © ßV:. ~ «ô‘g yÌÑîQ ² >çm {dMma oV w‘m{`H$JwUmä`wnJÝV¥‘Vo B©jË`{YH$aUo gm§»`‘V{Zamgñ` d¡`Ï`©‘od. H$W‘²?B{V MoV² ""g{deofUo {h àgŠVm¡ {d{Y{ZfoYm¡ {deofU‘od Cng§H«$m‘Vmo{deoî`o ~mYHo$ g{V'' B{V Ý`m`oZ AÛ¡{V‘Vo@{n B©jUmË‘H$JwUñ`àH¥${Vn`©dgm{`Ëd‘od Aä`wnJÝVì`‘².

*gm§»`‘Vo ~«ô‘mZ{YpîR>Vm`m: àH¥$Vo… B©jU‘², AÛ¡{V‘VoVw ~«ô‘m{YpîR>Vm`m:àH¥$Vo… B©jU‘²* B{V EVXwÎma‘{n AZwÎma‘od, ì`mg{gÕmÝVà{H«$`m{damo{YËdmV².B©jUñ` ~«ô‘oVaàH¥${Vn`©dgm{`Ëdo ì`mg{gÕmÝV{damoYmaå^:. B©jUñ`

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àH¥${Vn ©dgm{`Ëdo Jm¡UVm A{Zdm`m© ^dVr{V ""Jm¡U… MoX² Z, "AmË‘'eãXmX²''(~«.gy.1&1&15) B{V gyÌmoŠVì`mgme`{damo{YËd§ gwì`ŠV‘od AÛ¡{V‘Vo. AÝ`ÀM""A{nM Šd{MX² Jm¡U: eãXmo ÑîQ>: ZM EVmdVm eãXà‘mUHo$ AW} Jm¡UrH$ënZm Ý`mæ`m, gd©Ì AZmídmgàg§JmX²'' (~«.gy.em§.^m. & & )BË`mÚZoH$ñddMZ{dam oYm o@{n AÌ g‘m`m{V. ""Xya o JwUm… VdVwgÎdaOñV‘m§{g VoZ Ì`r àW`{V Ëd{` {ZJw ©UËd‘². {ZË`§, ha o,{ZpIbgX²JwUgmJa§ Ëdm‘² Am‘ZpÝV na‘² B©ída‘² B©ídamUm‘²'' ( . . & &) BË`Ì `m "gJwU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmW©ì`m»`m d¡îUdgå‘Vm g¡d lw{Vgå‘Vm B{V{ZîàË yh§ {gÕ‘².

""AÑí`ËdmÚwŠVo… JwUeyÝ`mo Y‘©am{hË`moŠVo… M'' Ed§ gyÌ‘² AZwnÝ`ñ`""AÑí`Ëdm{XJwUH$mo Y‘m}ŠVo:'' (~«.gy.1&2&21) BË`od§ gyÌmonÝ`mgEdì`mggå‘V"gJwU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmWm} {ZU© o n`m©ßV:. AZoZ¡d gyÌoU ""`V² VX²AÐoí`‘²...'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.1&1&6) BË`m{XlwË`me`mo@{n gm¡H$ }U Ad~wÕ`Vo.EVofm § dMZmZm § Abm¡{H$H$JwU{gÕmdod VmËn`ª ZVw JwUeyÝ`Ëd{gÕm¡.lw{VJrVmgyÌ^mJdVam‘m`U‘hm^maVm{X{^: gd£a{n à‘mU yVJ«ÝW¡: ~«ô‘JwUmoX²Kmof:{H«$`Vo. {H$‘W©‘² EVmdmZ² AÛ¡{VZm‘od ~«ô‘JwU{dÛof: B{V H¥$Vo@{n à`mgo Z~w{ÕnW‘² Amamoh{V

""AñWyb‘² AZUw Aöñd‘²'' BË`m{XlwVoa{n Z gd©JwU{ZfoYo VmËn ©‘².AÝ`Wm ""EVñ` dm Ajañ` àemgZo'' (`WmoŠVo) B{V lwVm¡ "àemgZmo'pŠVaodOaX ²JddmŠ`V wë`m ^d oV ² . AVEd gd ©bm ¡ {H $H$J wU{Zf oYn yd ©H § $àemgZmÚbm¡{H$H$JwU{dYmZEd öX § lwVo: ì`ŠV‘² AZw y Vo.

""`Xm ní`: ní`Vo 銑dU©‘²'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.3&1&3) B{V lwVmd{n"銑dU©'BË`m{X{deofUnÄMH§$ M‘ËH¥${VOZH$‘² AZoH$mW©J{ ©V§ {d{eîQ>mW©dX²ApñV. "銑dU©‘²' B{V {deofUoZ ""{X{d gy ©ghòñ` ^doX² wJnXwpËWVm''(^J.JrVm.11&12) ""Am{XË`dUª V‘g: nañVmV²'' (^J.JrVm.8&9)BË`m{XdmŠ`mZm § àË`{^kmZ § ^d{V. Ed‘ ² Añ` {de ofUñ`Zmam`UnaVÎd{ZUm©`H$Ëd§ d¡îUd‘VnmofH$Ëd§ e¡d‘VmbmoMH$Ëd§ M Cnbä`Vo.

""H$Vm©a§ `mo{Z‘²'' B{V {deofUÛ`ñ` A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZ{gÕmÝVg‘W©H$Ëd‘²ApñV. "nwéf§ 銑dU©‘²' B{V {de ofUÛ`ñ` AÛ ¡Vmbm oMH$Ëd §d ¡ îUd{gÕmÝVg‘W ©H$Ëd § M Cnbä`V o. "B ©e‘ ² 'B{V {de ofU‘{nAÛ¡{VñdrH¥$VamÕmÝVmbmoMH§$ d¡îUdmä wnoVgJwUdmXmonmo×bH$‘² AdbmoŠ`Vo. AÌ{deofUmW©H«$‘ñVw BËW‘² : "B©e…'B{V àW‘§ {deofU‘², EVoZ ~«ô‘UE oíd` ©J wUd ¡ {eîQ ² >ç § {gÕ‘ ². VXZÝVa § Z ¡`m {`H$d ¡e o {fH$ mZ ² à{VEVX¡íd`©ì`ŠVàXe©Zna‘² A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXZVmg‘W©H§$ "H$Vm©a§ `mo{Z‘²' B{V{deofUÛ`‘² ApñV. VXZw X¡d‘r‘m§gmàË`{^kmnH§$ "nwéf§ 銑dU©‘²' B{V{deofUÛ § dard{V©.

EVoZ EVX² AÜ`d{gV§ `V² na~«ô‘ ‘hm{dîUw… Zmam`U: H¥$îUEd.EVÀN ® > {V{d‘e }Z gdm © {YH$bm^ñV w A` § g §d ¥ Î m m o `X ²EVmÑe{deofU{d{eîQ>~«ô‘Xe©Zñ`¡d ‘mojgmYH$Ëd§ àX{e©V‘². EVX²Xe©Z‘{n"ní`' B{V nXo Z km{ZZmo Zm{n «mÝVñ o{V VÎdkmZgm‘{`H$‘² EVV² Z «‘gm‘{`H$‘².A{dÚmamo{nVgH$bmZW©‘ybgm§gm[aH$^«mpÝVàË``{ZdmaH$ÝVw VÎdkmZ‘od ^d{VZVw AVÎdkmZ‘². AÝ`Wm AÛ¡V{gÕm¡ Ñí`ËdhoVmo: n[aîH¥$Vê$nH$WZmdgao""eãXmOÝ`d¥{Îm{df`Ëd§ Ñí`Ëd‘²'' (AÛ¡.{g.1&Ñí`ËdhoVw.) BË od CŠVhoVmo:n[aîH¥$Vñdê$n§ {ddaUmZw`m{`Zmo Z à{VnmX`o`w: {H$ÝVw ^m‘Vr‘VmZwgmaoUd¥{Îmì`mß`ñ` {‘Ï`mËd‘od V¡… A§Jr{H«$ oV. {H$ÝVw ""VÎdkmZ‘od ‘mojgmYZ‘²''B{V {gÕmÝV§ ÐT>{`Vw§ {ddaUmZwgm[a{dÛ{Ø: ^m‘Ë`Zw m{`gmOmË § n[aË`ŠV‘².AVmo `{X EVX²JwU{d{eîQ>§ ~«ô‘Xe©Z§ ewÕXe©Z‘² B{V A§Jr{H«$`oV VX¡d Vñ`‘mojgmYZËd§ ZVw e~bXe©ZV`m. e~bñ`Vw ‘m`mH$m‘KoZwdËgê$nËdoZ ñd`§«‘ê$nV`m VÔe©Zñ` ‘mojgmYZËd§ H$W§ eŠ`‘²?

EV oZ gdm } Î m‘ñVm oÌ‘ §JbmMaUê$nm ""àmH¥$VY‘m ©Zml`‘²AàmH¥$V{ZpIbY‘©ê$n § {ZJ‘à{VnmÚ§... ñVm ¡{‘'' BË` ofmlr‘V²à^wMaUà{Vkm gwpñWa¡d. Ed§ d¡îUdgå‘VgJwU{ZJw ©Uì`m»`m`m…doXmZwHy$b`wpŠVgm§JË`§ àmX{e©. AVEd lr‘XwgyXZgañdË`: lrJrVmì`m»`m`m§EVXod g‘W© pÝV ""namH¥$VZ‘X²~ÝY§ na~«ô‘ ZamH¥${V gm¡ÝX ©gmagd©ñd§ dÝXoZÝXmË‘O§ ‘h:''. (^J.JrVm.‘Ywgy. & ) B{V. AÌ "na~«ô‘-ZamH¥${V' B{V

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nXÛ`‘² AàmH¥$V{ZpIbY‘©ê$n§ ewÕ§ VWm gmH¥${V B{V lrà^wMaUmoŠVeãX¡:gh gd©Wm g‘mZmW©H${‘{V A{^ÝZ‘od VmËn`©‘² C^`moa{n ‘hmZw^md`mo:.lr‘YwgyXZgañdVrZm§ öX`§ gd©Wm d¡îUd^mdn[anyU©‘². EVËgm{jV`m{^ÝZ{^ÝZñWbr`m VXwpŠVaod Añ‘m{^… CnÝ`ñ`Vo. VÌ VmdX² JrVmì`m»`m`m§""à‘mUVmo@{n {ZUuV§ H¥$îU‘mhmËå`‘² AX² wV§ Z eŠZwdpÝV o gmoTw>§ Vo ‘yT>m…{Za`§JVm…'' (^J.JrVm.‘Ywgy. & ) B{V CpŠV: gd©Wm d¡îUd^mdn[anyU©VmV ofm § Xe ©`{V. AÛ ¡V{gÕmd{n {ZJ w ©UdmXmZÝVa‘ ² Aì`d{hVV`m""d§er{d^y{fVH$amX² ZdZraXm^mV² nrVmå~amX² AéU{~å~’$bmYamoð>mV²nyU}ÝXwgwÝXa‘wImX² Aa{dÝXZoÌmV² H¥$îUmV² na§ {H$‘{n VÎd‘² Ah§ Z OmZo''(AÛ¡.{g. & ) B{V nÚo àm¡{T>ny{d©H$m ñnîQ>mopŠVa{n Vofm§ öX § na‘d¡îUd^mdn[anyU©‘²B{V n[aMm``{V. VWm "gJwU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmW© mo… ì`m»`m d¡îUdgå‘V¡d Vofm§öX o ApñV B{V à‘mU`{V.

gJ wU{ZJ w ©Ul w {V-dmŠ`ì`dñWm-{dMma o AnÀN> oXÝ`m`ñ`A{Z`V{damoYnm¡dm©n ©{df`V`m AàgaB{V JwUà{VnmXH$dMZmZm‘² A~mÜ`Ëd‘².AVmo Añ‘Xä wnoVmdod "gJwU'-"{ZJw©U'eãXmWm£ ì`dñWmn`{V B{V gd©‘² Añ‘XwŠV§{ZadÚ‘². B{V e‘².

nwéfmoÎm‘ñ` àgmX^pŠVbä`Ëd‘²: ""Z A`‘² AmË‘m àdMZoZ bä`mo, Z ‘oY`m Z ~hþZm lwVoZ, `‘od Ef

d¥UwVo VoZ bä`:, Vñ` Ef AmË‘m {dd¥UwVo VZy§ ñdm‘²'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.3&2&3)BË`Ì "àdMZ'nX § d oXdmMH § $ , dmÀ`Vmgå~ÝY oZdoXmoŠV`mdËH$‘©kmZ^ŠË`m{XgmYZmZm§ J«hU‘² CnbjU{dY`m ^d{V. VoZ A`‘²AmË‘m Z doXmoŠVgmYZ¡… bä`mo, Zdm nwéf{ZîR>mÝ`ñdm^m{dH$gmYZ¡… bä`mo,Zm{n AmJÝVwH$gmYZ¡… bä`: BË`oVñ` {gÕmÝVñ` lwË`m {g{Õ:. Vñ`¡Vñ`¡dna‘mË‘Z… H$R>mon{Zf{X ""gd} doXm `ËnX‘² Am‘ZpÝV'' (H$R>mon.2&15) B{Và{VnmXZ‘². lwVrZmÄM EVmgm§ ^JdX²JrV`m gh EH$dmŠ`VmgånmXZo VwnwpîQ>bä`V¡d na‘mË‘Zmo {ZpíMVm ^d{V. nwpîQ>^ŠVo: AZwJ«hbä`Ëd‘²AZwJ«hmnan`m©`^yVm`m: H¥$nm`m… daUbä`Ëd§, daUñ` BÀN>mYrZËd‘², EVoZ‘w»`gmYZVmVw BÀN>m`m§ n`©d{gVm, AdmÝVaì`mnmaê$ngmYZVmVw nwpîQ>^ŠVm¡.

AV: ""gd} doXm `ËnX‘² Am‘ZpÝV'' (H$R>mon.2&15) B{V lw{Và{VnmÚ‘odñdê$n§ ""doX¡… M gd£… Ah‘od doÚ:'' (^J.JrVm.15&15) B{V dmŠ oZ à{VnmÚ‘²B{V CŠV§ ^d{V. ñdê$nñ`mñ` àmpßVñVw H$W‘²? B{V AmH$m§jmnyV© o ""Z Ah§doX¡… Z Vngm'' (^J.JrVm.11&53) B{V CŠËdm ""^ŠË`mVw AZÝ``meŠ`:'' (^J.JrVm. 11&54), ""nwéf: g na:, nmW©, ^ŠË`m bä`ñVwAZÝ``m'' (^J.JrVm.8&22) B{V CŠV‘². AÌ à{Vnm{XV: na: nwéfmo ZmÝ`…H$íMZ {H$ÝV w ""AVmo Apñ‘ bmoH o $ doX o M à{WV: nwéfm oÎm‘:''(^J.JrVm.15&18), ""na § ~ «ô‘ na § Ym‘ n{ḑ na‘§ ^dmZ²''(^J.JrVm.10&12) BË`m{XdmŠ ¡… à{VnmÚ: H¥$îUEd. B`‘² AZÝ`^pŠVa{n ZnwpîQ>^ŠË`{V[aŠVm {H$ÝVw AZ{V[aŠV¡d. ""‘{` Amdoí` ‘Zmo `o ‘m‘²''(^J.JrVm.12&2), ""‘Ý‘Zm ^d ‘X² ŠV:'' (^J.JrVm.9&34-18&65)BË`m{XdMZm{Z gyÌrH¥$Ë` VX²^mî`ê$nËdoZ `{X ""VÝ‘ZñH$m… VXmbmnm:''(^mJ.nwam.10&30&44) B{V dMZ§ J¥ô oV MoX² AZÝ`^ŠË`Z{V[aŠV¡d nwpîQ> pŠV:B{V {ZíMr`Vo. lr‘X²^mJdVo@{n Añ` ñdê$nñ` AZwJ«h^ŠË`m{Xbä`Ëd‘odàX{e©V§ ZVw gmYZbä`Ëd§, ""`X² Z `moJoZ gm§» oZ'' (^mJ.nwam.11&12&9),""gdª ‘X² pŠV`moJoZ ‘X² ŠVmo b^Vo'' (^mJ.nwam.11&20&33), ""gmo@h§Vd A§¿ ®nJVmo Apñ‘, AgVm§ Xwamn§ VÀMm{n Ah§ ^dXZwJ«h… B©e ‘Ý o''(^mJ.nwam.10&40&28), ""Vñ‘mX² ‘X² pŠV wŠVñ` `mo{JZmo d¡ ‘XmË‘Zmo ZkmZ§ ZM d¡am½ § àm`: lo mo ^doX² Bh'' (^mJ.nwam.11&20&31), ""Z A §gwImnmo ^JdmZ² Xo{hZm§... `Wm ^pŠV‘Vm‘² Bh'' (^mJ.nwam.10&9&21),""àr`Vo A‘b`m ^ŠË`m h[a:'' (^mJ.nwam.7&7&52) BË`m{XdMZm{ZAñ‘XwŠVgmYH$mÝ`od Cnbä`ÝVo.

BX‘² AÌ AdYo § : ""VX²{dñVmamo ^mJdV‘²'' (V.Xr.{Z.2&221) B{Vlr‘XmMm`m}ŠË`m ^JdX²JrVm{dñVmaËd‘od ^mJdVñ`. `{X JrVmoŠVmoŠV§gyÌmon‘dmŠ § ^mî`ê$n^mJdVdmŠ ¡… ì`m»`mV`m AdbmoŠ`Vo, V{h© {deofmZÝXmoAZw^y`Vo B{V gd©gwkOZ{d{XV‘². CXmhaUê$noU `{X ""Z A`‘² AmË‘m...`‘od Ef d¥UwVo VoZ bä`…...'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.3&2&3) B{V lw{VdMZ§ gyÌËdoZn[aH$ëß` VX²d¥{ÎmV`m ""Z Ah§ doX¡… Z Vngm...'' (^J.JrVm.11&53) B{VdmŠ § ì`dñWmß` nydm}ŠVgyÌd¥Î`mo… ^mî`ËdoZ `{X ""Z amoY`{V ‘m§ `moJmo Z

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gm§» § Y‘©Ed M Z ñdmÜ`m`VnñË`mJmo Z Bï>mnyVª Z X{jUm d«Vm{Z `k…N>ÝXm§{g VrWm©{Z {Z`‘m… `‘m… ... Vo Z AYrVlw{VJUm:... ‘m‘² B©`w…AÄOgm... `X² Z `m oJ oZ gm §»`oZ XmZd«VVnm o@Üda ¡…ì`m»`mñdmÜ`m`g§Ý`mg¡… àmßZw mX² ËZdmZ{n'' (^mJ.nwam.11&12&1-9),BË`m{XdmŠ`m{Z Cn`wÁ`oaZ², V{h© CÎmamoÎmamUm§ lw{Vñ‘¥{VgyÌ^mJdVmZm§nyd©nyd©gÝXohdmaH$Vm‘² AdbmoŠ` {Za{Ve`m§ M‘ËH¥${V‘² AZw do‘.

{H$ÄM ""^ŠË`m bä`ñVw AZÝ``m'' (^J.JrVm.8&22) B{VgyÌ^mî`ËdoZm{n nyd©{Z{X©îQ>dMZgÝX^m}n`moJmo ^d{V. ""‘{` Amdoí` ‘Zmo o‘m‘²'' (^J.JrVm.12&2) BË`m{Xg yÌ^mî`ê$n oUm{n ""VÝ‘ZñH$m…VXmbmnm:...'' (^mJ.n w a m.10&30&44) ""Vm… Z A{dXZ²''(^mJ.nwam.11&12&12) BË`mXr{Z dMZm{Z `moÁ`m{Z. EVXwXmhaUmZwamoYoZA{YH$mbmoMZo H¥$Vo g{V {deofàH$memonbpãYa{n ^d{V. AVEd lr‘XmMm £:""CÎma§ nyd©gÝXohdmaH$‘²'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&8) B{V amÕmÝVmo A§JrH¥$V:.

Ú{n nyd©nyd©gÝXohdmaH$Vm à‘mUMVwîQ> o@{n ApñV VWm{n lrJrVm^mî`ËdoZlr^mJdVñ` ì`dñWmnZ § {H$ pÄMX ² {de ofÑï ² >çm AÝ` ofmÝV wHo$dbnyd©g§e`{ZamgH$Ëd‘od. ^mJdVñ`Vw ^mî`Ëd‘{n ^mî`bjUmH«$mÝVËdmV².EVmdVm AZwJ«h^ŠË`m{Xbä`Ëd§ na‘mË‘Z: àgm{YV‘².

BXmZr‘² AÝ`mMm ©‘VmbmoMZ‘{n H$m ©‘², Amdí`H$ËdmV² : VÌ VmdV² àW‘‘²EVËgå~pÝY lr‘ÀN>§H$a^JdËnyÁ`nmX‘V‘od AmbmoÀ`Vo. ~¥hXmaÊ`H$^mî`olr^JdËnmXm… {Zê$n`pÝV :

""Vñ‘mV² Vm{H©$H$MmQ>^Q>amOmàdoí`‘² A^`§ XwJ©‘² BX‘²Aën~wÕçJå § emñÌJwéàgmXa{hV¡… M. "H$ñV§ ‘Xm‘X§ Xod§ ‘XÝ`mokmVw‘² Ah©{V'. "Xod¡aÌm{n {d{M{H$pËgV§ nwam'."Z¡fm VH}$U ‘{V…AmnZo`m' B{V daàgmXbä`Ëdlw{Vñ‘¥{VdmXoä`… M. "VX² EO{VVX² Z EO{V' BË`m{X{déÕY‘©g‘dm{`ËdàH$meH$‘ÝÌdU}ä`…M''.

(~¥h.Cn.em§.^m. & & ) ZZw EVX²dMZVmËn ©{df`r yVmo AW©… qH$ ~«ô‘ê$n… CV Ord~«ô‘mËå ¡Š`ê$n…?

`X² XwJª VÎmw A^`‘² Aën~wÕçJå § Vm{H©$H$Xñ wamOmàdoí § emñÌJwéàgmXa{hV¡a{nAJå`‘² B{V {Zê$ß` EVËñdê$nñ` gmYZmbä`Ëd§ VH$m©ÚJå`Ëd§ M àXí`©H o $dbdaàgmXbä`ËdñWmnZ § VWm CŠV{gÕmÝVg‘W ©H$Ëd oZ{déÕY‘m©l`ËdÑT>rH$aU§ ewÕmÛ¡V~«ô‘dmXàdoeê$n§ nwpîQ>‘mJ©àdoeê$n‘² B{VA{Vamo{hV‘² EVV².

""AnamYghò^mOZ§... AJqV eaUmJV§ H¥$n`m Ho$db‘² AmË‘gmV²Hw$é''(Ami.ñVmo.48) B{V lr`m‘wZo`mopŠV:, ""^dVw ‘‘ napñ‘Z² eo‘wfr^pŠVê$nm'' (lr^mî`‘§J.) B{V lr`{VamOmopŠVa{n lr`{Vn{Vg‘`ñ`Añ‘Ëg‘`mZwHy$ë`gmYZo n`m©ßVm B{V ñnîQ>‘². ñdënEd ‘V oXmo Añ‘mH$‘².

{X CÀ oV ~«ô‘Umo daUbä`Ëd§ H¥$nmbä`Ëd§ dm B{V Z lre§H$amMm`m©{^àoV§{H$ÝVw ~«ô‘mË‘mÛ¡VkmZñ ¡d daàgmXbä`Ëd§ VX{^àoV‘². EVX{n AmbmoMZr § :{H$‘² AÌ ~«ô‘mË‘mÛ¡VkmZ§ namoj‘² Anamoj§ dm? `{X VV² namoj§ VXm Vñ`‘r‘m§{gVmJ‘OÝ`Ëd§ ñdrH$m ©‘². AÌVw "emñÌJwéàgmXa{hV¡:' B{V {deofUoZZ namoj§ kmZ§ gy{MV‘². ""daàgmXbä`Ëdlw{Vñ‘¥{VdmXoä`… M'' B{V dMZoZAnamojkmZgyMZñ`m{n lre§H$amMm`m©e`JmoMaËd§ {dÚVEd. `{X Anamoj§ kmZ‘²AÌ {dd{jV§ MoV² VXm{n VV² ~«ô‘{^ÝZ§ dm ~«ô‘m{^ÝZ§ dm? {^ÝZËdoVw Û¡Vmn{Îm:.A{^ÝZËdoVw àgmXbä`Ëdñ` ñdê$nn`©dgmZ‘od gÄOmV{‘{V {ZîàË`yhmAñ‘Ý‘V{g{Õ:. EVmdVm nwéfmoÎm‘ñ` àgmX^pŠVbä`Ëd§ {gÕ‘².

lrH$ZH$Xmgm{X^ŠË ¡d n[aVwîQ>m H¥$îU‘y{V©:, n[ad{V©Vm {^{Îma{n ^½Zm EVV²H¥$nmbä`Ëd‘od, ZmÝ`V² {H$‘{n; Ed§ ‘Üd‘Vñ`m{n AmZwHy$ë`‘². gd}fm‘{nAÌ ‘VmZwHy$ë §, àm{VHy$ë`ÝVw Z H$ñ`m{n.

^JdX²JrVmVw {S>pÊS>‘Kmofnyd©‘² BX‘od Cn{Xe{V Ma‘ahñ`^mJo ""‘Ý‘Zm^d...'' (^J.JrVm.18& ) B{V ^pŠVXmZ‘{n VX¡d, gd©Jwô`V‘ldU‘{n

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VX¡d Xm Jd{V A^rï>Ëdmnan`m© {à`Ëd^mdmonbpãY… doV². VX² mdmonbpãYaoddaU§ H¥$nm dm.

AV: ""gd©Wm MoX² h[aH¥$nm Z ^{dî`{V `ñ`{h Vñ` gd©‘² AeŠ §ñ`mV² ‘mJ} Apñ‘Z² gwVam‘{n'' (V.Xr.{Z.2&226), ""ào‘godmVEd ñ`mX²{d{eîQ>ì`pŠV… CÎm‘m'' (V.Xr.{Z.2&92), ""àoåUmo AÝ`V² gmYZ§ bmoHo$ZmpñV ‘w»`§ na§ ‘hV²'' (V.Xr.{Z.2&326) BË`m{Xlr‘X²dëb^mMm`m}ŠVoaodàm‘mÊ`ñ` CËH$fm©{VaoH$…

""Ah§ ^ŠVnamYrZ:'' (^mJ.nwam.9&4&63) B{V {gÕmÝVñ`m{n ñW¡ ©‘².Ed§ àgmX^pŠVbä`Ëd§ nwéfmoÎm‘ñ` B{V {gÕ‘².

H$‘©`moJñ`m{n AndJ©gmYH$Vm : lr‘X² mJdVñW¡H$mXeñH$ÝYmÝVJ©Vo CÕdmonXoeàg§Jo nÚ‘² EH§$ g‘wnbä`Vo

""`moJm… Ì`mo ‘`m àmoŠVm Z¥Um§ lo mo{d{YËg`m kmZ§ H$‘© M ^pŠV… M ZCnm`m o AÝ`m o ApñV H${h ©{MX²'' (^mJ.n w a m.11&20&6) B{V.CnñWm{nV^JdX²dMZoZ H$‘©kmZ^pŠVê$n‘mJ©Ì`ñ`m{n AndJm©»`lo :gmYH$VmàgmÜ`Vo. VÌ VmdV² kmZ^ŠË`moñVw AndJ©gmYH$Vm {ddmXn[a{Y‘² Aà{dîQ>mgd©OZ{d{XVm Mo{V àm`: gd}fm‘² EoH$‘Ë`‘². H$‘©UñVw ‘mojàmnH$Ëd§ {ddmXJ«ñV‘od.H$‘©U: Ho$db{MÎmew{ÕgmYH$Ëd‘² A§JrH¥$Ë` {d{d{Xfm`m‘od Vñ` gmYZËdogmjmXwn`moJ: àñWm{nVmo ZVw ‘wŠVm¡. kmZ^ŠË`mË‘H$gmYZÛ`ÝVw gmjmX²AndJ©gmYH$‘² B{V ~hþ{^… Aä wno Vo. nydm}XmöVoZ ^mJdVñWoZ ^JdX²dMZoZVW¡d ^JdX²JrVmÝVJ©VoZm{n ""gm§»``moJm¡ n¥W½~mbm: àdXpÝV Z npÊS>Vm:.EH$‘{n AmpñWV: gå`J² C^`mo… {dÝXVo ’$b‘². `V² gm§» ¡: àmß`Vo ñWmZ§VX² `moJ¡a{n Jå`Vo. EH§$ gm§»`§ M `moJ§ M `: ní`{V g ní`{V''(^J.JrVm.5&4-5) EVËnÚ`w½‘oZ H$‘©Umo ‘mojàmnH$Ëd§ ÑT>V`m {gÕ‘² B{Vì`ŠV‘². EVXnbmnñ` AeŠ`dMZËd‘². naånna`m ‘wpŠVgmYH§$ `{X H$‘©^doV², ^doV² VXm Cn[aîQ>mX² {Z{X©îQ>^JdX²JrVmíbmoH$Û`ñ` ñdê$nm{Zdm©h:.^mJdVr`ñ` ""`moJm… Ì`mo ‘`m...'' B{V nÚñ` AmJ«hoU H$WpÄMX²

AÝ`WmW©H$aUo@{n VWm{dYñ` AÝ`WmW©H$ënZñ` ^JdX²JrVmoŠVmä`m§""gm§»``moJm¡...'' B{V íbmoH$mä`m‘² Ag‘Ýd`: ñWybÑem{n AdJå`Vo.

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AÌ H$‘©Umo@{n gmjmÝ‘mojàmnH$Ëd‘² B{V JdX²JrVmoŠV{gÕmÝVmä wnJ‘Edlo`mZ². VÎdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝYo gd©{ZU©`àH$aUo {ZîH$m‘H$‘©U… AmË‘gwIgmYZVm,kmZghH ¥ $VH$‘ ©Um o ‘m ojgmYZVm `m {gÕmpÝVVm gm{nnyd©ñWm{nV{gÕmÝVm{damo{YÝ od. AVEd ""km{ZZ… VX{^ì`ŠVm¡ H$Vw©… ‘moj…H«$‘mX² ^doX²'' (V.Xr.{Z.2&4) B{V nÚo "kmVw…' B{V nX‘² AZwnÝ`ñ` "H$Vw©…'B{V nXmonÝ`mg…. VXÌ kmZñ` A§JËdoZ¡d g‘mdoemo Z A§{JËdoZ B{V à‘mU`{V.A§{JËdÝVw H$‘©Umo Aà{VhV‘². gmYZVmVw àmYmÝ oZ A§{Jn`m©ßV¡d A§JrH$aUr`m,Jm¡UV`m A§Jn`m©ßVm. g‘wpÀMË` gmYZVmñdrH$mao@{n ""{Z:lo gH$am¡ C^m¡''B{V dmŠ`~boZ g‘àmYmÝ`oZ C^`n`m©ßV¡d gmYZVm Aä`wß`o`m. gmYZVm`m…

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g‘àmYmÝ oZ C^`n`m©ßVËd{g{Õaod H$‘©Umo@{n gmjmX² ‘mojàmnH$Ëd§ gmY`{VB{V Z ~mYH$boe‘{n ní`m‘:.

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`moJñ`Vw ñdVÝÌV`m ‘mJ©Ëd‘od ZmpñV B{V A§JËdoZ¡d Vñ` Cn`moJ:H$‘©kmZ^ŠË`mË‘H$‘mJ©Ì`o@{n {dÚVo. AVEd ^JdX²JrVm`m§ "H$‘©`moJ…'-"kmZ`moJ…'-"^pŠV`moJ…' B{V nXm{Z Cnbä`ÝVo. ‘mJm©ñVw Ì`Ed. VoZ¡d^JdX²JrVm`m§ H$‘©fQ² >H$-kmZfQ² >H$-^pŠVfQ²>H$-B{V fQ² >H$Ì`mË‘H$EdAîQ>mXemÜ`m`mZm§ {d^mJ:. `{X `moJñ`m{n ñdVÝÌV`m ‘mJ©Ëd§ ñ`mV² V{h©{d^mJMVwîQ>`monbpãY: ^JdX²JrVm`m§ ^doV². Vñ‘mV² ""‘mJm©… Ì`mo... '' B{V{gÕmÝV§ gwì`ŠVV`m g‘W©`{V BË`ñ‘Ý‘Vñ`¡d {ZXw©îQ>Vm.

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AW lr‘X²{J[adaYaMaUn[aMaU‘mJ©‘wHw$b‘mV©ÊS>m`‘mZh[aXmgd`©-lr‘X²JmodY©Z{Jard VmXmËå § àmßZwdÝVmo Jmoñdm{‘Z… lr‘X²-h[aam`MaUm… ñdr`mZm§namZ{^^dnyd©H§$ "ewÕmÛ¡V'nXdmÀ`ñd{gÕmÝVmWm©d~moYZmWª gmonn{ÎmH$‘² EVXoddŠVw§ {dMma‘² Ama^ÝVo AW BË`m{XZm. AW eãXmo

AW BX§ {dMm ©Vo : ZZw ^pŠV‘mJ} ‘mhmËå`kmZOZZhoVwV`m

‘§JbmW©…. BX§ ~w{ÕñW‘² AJ«o dú`‘mU§ M ~hþdmŠ`gÝX ©ê$n§ emņ̃ {dMm ©Vo{dMma{df`r{H«$`Vo B{V AW©…. VWmM {eî`{ejm`¡ J«ÝWmaå^o AWeãXoZ‘§JbmMaUnyd©H§$ {ZéŠV‘² BXÝËdmdpÀN>ÝZ§ {dMma{df`r{H«$`Vo B{V dmŠ`mW©…."""›'H$maíM "AW'eãXíM Ûm¡ EVm¡ ~«ô‘U… nwam H$ÊR>§ {^Îdm {d{Z`m©Vm¡VoZ ‘m§J{bH$m¡ C^m¡…'' B{V CŠVo… {dà{Vn{Îm‘wIoZ ñd‘V‘² CX²^md`Z² nydªVm‘od Amhþ… ZZw BË`m{X, ZZw B{V {dà{Vn{Îm~moYH$…. ""‘¥½`Vo nwéfmoÎm‘mo AZoZldUm{XZdHo$Z B{V ldUm{XgmYZmZwð>mZmË‘H$mo ‘mJ©…, Z{h "gmYZ'nXoZnw{ï>‘mJm ©Z wnn{Îm…, AÌ ’$bgmYZ`m o… E oŠ`mV², àoåU… gd©Ì ¡dAZwñ`yVËdmV². VX² AJ«o dú`Vo. ^pŠVaod ‘mJm} ^pŠV‘mJ©… Vpñ‘Z²^pŠVag‘mJ} B{V AW©…. {d^mdmZw^mdì`{^Mm[agmpÎdH$m{X{^…AZwZr`‘mZñ` ‘mhmËå`kmZnyd©H$ñ` ñZohñ` agËdmX² ^ŠVo… agËd‘².AÝ`ñZohì`dÀN>oXmWª "‘mhmËå`kmZ'nX‘². ""‘mhmËå`kmZnyd©ñVw gwÑT>…gd©Vmo A{YH$… ñZohmo "^pŠVa²' B{V àmoŠV… V`m ‘wpŠV… ZM AÝ`Wm'' B{VZmaXnÄMamÌmoŠVo…, ""gm nam AZwapŠV… B©ídao'' (empÊS>.gy.1&1&2) B{VempÊS>ë`gyÌmV² M. ’$bm{^gpÝYa{hVm nam. Añ` {d^mdmX`ñVw J«ÝWmÝVao Ðï>ì`m…J«ÝW{dñVa{^`m Z {b»`ÝVo. AÌ ^pŠVagmo AÝ`agmZm‘² CnbjH$…, VÌm{ne¥§Jmaagñ` Aä`{h©VËdoZ Vñ ¡d ñdm^rï>Ëd§ ÜdZ`{V. VoZ AÝ oVw VXÝV©JVmEdagm…, Vofm§ VXÝV©JËdoZ¡d agËdmX² AÝ`Wm ""ag§ h² od A § bãÜdm AmZÝXr^d{V'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&7) BË`m{XlwVm¡ agàmßVo… AmZÝX’$bH$ËdmoŠË`m `mZH$mXm¡VX^mdmX² agËd‘od Z ñ`mV². VWm g{V ""agmo d¡ g…'' B{V lwË`m ""gd©ag…...'' B{V lwË`m M e¥§Jmaagê$nnwéfmoÎm‘{df`H$kmZnyd©H$ñZoh{df`H$mo A § ‘mJ©…B{V ^md…. VÌm{n ‘mJm} Z ga{U…. amO‘mJ} `Wm J‘Zgm¡H$ ª Mm¡am{X^`m^md…VX²dX² AË`ÝVm`mggmÜ`mZm§ e‘X‘m{XgmYZmZm‘² AÌ Aà`moJH$ËdoZ AZm`mgoZVV² gy{MV‘². nVZ^`m^mdmo@{n gy{MV…. ""VWm Z Vo, ‘mYd, VmdH$m… Šd{MX²^«í`pÝV ‘mJm©V² Ëd{` ~Õgm¡öXm… Ëd`m A{^JwßVm… {dMapÝV {Z^©`m…{dZm`H$mZrH$n‘yY©gw à^mo…'' (^mJ.nwam.10&2&33)

B{V Xe‘ñH$ÝYo J ©ñVwVm¡, ""`mZ² AmñWm` Zamo amOZ² Z à‘mÚoV H${h©{MV²YmdZ² {Z‘rë` dm ZoÌo Z ñIboX² Z nVoX² Bh'' (^mJ.nwam.11&2&35) B{V

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EH$mXeñH$ÝY{ÛVr`mÜ`m`o M CŠVo…. AVEd AmMm`©MaUm… ""AÌm{ndoX{ZÝXm`m‘² AY‘©H$aUmV² VWm ZaHo$ Z ^doV² nmV… {H$ÝVw hrZofw Om`Vo''(V.Xr.{Z.2&216) B{V Amhþ…. Xw…Imgpå^ÝZgwIê$nËd§ àW‘Vmo Ad{Yn ©ÝV‘²B{V amÕmÝV…. "^pŠV'eãXñ` `m ¡ {JH$mW ©ñV w """^O'=godm`m‘²''(Ym.nm.ädm.1083) B{V YmVmo… ^mdo "pŠVZ²'àË` o H¥$Vo "^pŠV…' B{V ^d{V.^md… M {H«$`mgm‘mÝ § ""àH¥${VàË``m¡ ghmWª ~«yV… V`moñVw àË``… àmYmÝ oZ''(nmV.‘.^m.1&2&64) B{V d¡ mH$aU{Z`‘mX² YmËdW©ì`L²>½`m m àYmZ yVm {H«$`mVÌ n ©dñ`{V. àYmZ yVmM {H«$`m ‘mZñ ¡d ""AÝ`Ì‘Zm A yd§ Z Ae¥Ud‘²AÝ`Ì‘Zm A yd§ Z Aní`‘²'' (~¥h.Cn.1&5&3) B{V dmOgZo lwVm¡ ‘Zg…àmYmÝ`ldUoZ VpËH«$`m`mEd àmYmÝ`ñ` Am¡{MË`mV². VWmM godm{n ì`L²>½`mào‘ê$n‘mZgr godm ^pŠV[a{V VÌ `moJê$T>… {gÜ`{V. VWm ldUm{XZdHo$@{nnm[a^m{fH$… ""ldU§ H$sV©Z§ {dîUmo… ñ‘aU§ nmXgodZ‘² AM©Z§ dÝXZ§ Xmñ §g»`‘² AmË‘{ZdoXZ‘², B{V nw§gm A{n©Vm ^pŠV… MoX² ZdbjUm''(^mJ.nwam.7&5&23) B{V gßV‘ñH$ÝYo àôbmXdmŠ`mV². AÝ oVw CnmgZm`m‘{n"^pŠV'eãX§ à`wÄOVo. Z ¡`m{`H$mñVw ""AmamÜ`ËdoZ kmZ§ ^pŠV…''({H$aUmdbr‘§JbmMaU‘²) B{V Amhþ…. lr‘ËH${nbXod¡ñVw ldUm{XZdH$ñ`gmpÎdH$m{X oXoZ Ì¡{dÜ`‘² CŠV‘². nwZíM {‘{lV oXoZ EH¡$H$ñ` {Ì{dYñ` Ì¡{dÜ §Zd ^dpÝV. VWmM ZdH$ñ`¡d Zd-Zd ^oX¡… EH$mer{VàH$mam gJwUm ^pŠV…CŠVm.

amÕmpÝVVmVw ""A{Z{‘Îmm mJdVr pŠV… {gÕo… Jar`gr Oa`{V Amew`m H$m oe § {ZJrU©‘² AZbmo `Wm'' (^mJ.n w a m.3&25&33) B{VA{Z{‘ÎmËdH$moeOmaUËdmä`m§ ñdê$nH$m ©bjUmä`m§ Jar`gr {ZJw©Um CŠVm gmM‘mZgr godmê$nm ZmaXnÄMamÌmoŠVm empÊS>ë`gyÌmoŠVm `moJê$T>oZ "^pŠV'eãXoZàmßVm AÌ {dd{jVm B{V {ZîH$f©….

AmZwHy$ë oZ CŠV… H$mo Agm¡ ~«ô‘dmX…?

AVEd ""MoVñVËàdU§ godm... ‘mZgr gm nam ‘Vm'' ({g.‘w.2) B{Vlr‘XmMm ©MaUm…. ""^pŠV… Añ` OZ§ VX² Bhm‘wÌ’$b^moJZ¡amí oZ Vpñ‘Z²‘Z…H$ënZ‘²''(Jmonm.Vmn.Cn.1&3), ""namo {h `moJmo ‘Zg… g‘m{Y…''

(^mJ.nwam.11&23&46) B{V lw{VnwamUmoŠV¡…. VWmM VmÑe¡… Apñ‘Z² ‘mJ}‘mhmËå`kmZOZZhoVwV`m AmZwHy$ë oZ CŠV…. ""‘hmZ² AmË‘m eara‘² Añ`''B{V ‘hmË‘m=~«ô‘. ""~¥hÎdmX² ~«ô‘ CÀ`Vo'' (Ð.:{dîUwnwam.1&12&55) B{VdmŠ`mX². ‘hmË‘Zmo mdmo "‘mhmËå §', ‘mhmËå`ñ` kmZ§ "‘mhmËå`kmZ§', ‘hmË‘Zmo~«ô‘Umo ‘{h‘kmZ‘² B{V `mdV². Vñ` OZZ§=g‘wX² d… Vpñ‘Z² hoVw…, Vñ` ^mdmohoVwVm, V`m H$maUr yV… B{V AW©…. ‘mhmËå`kmZê$nñ ¡d=~«ô‘kmZñ ¡d ^ŠVo…nyd©d{V©ËdmV²={Z`Vnyd©d{V©ËdmX² hoVmo…. ""H$maUm^mdoZ H$m`m© md…'' B{V Ý`m oZ^pŠV{df`mË‘H$ñ` JdËñdê$nñ ¡d kmZm^mdoZ ŠVoaod AZwnnÎmo…. AmZwHy$ë oZ, AZwHy$bñ` ^md… AmZwHy$ë § OZH$Ëd§, VoZ ^pŠVOZH$ËdoZ B{V AW©…. `VmohoVwËd‘² AVEd AZwHy$bËd‘². `Ûm AZwHy$bËd§ ghH$m[a^md…. VWmM hoVwV`mAmZwHy$ë oZ M CŠV… B{V AW©…. AZwŠVmo@{n M… g‘wÀM § dpŠV, ""{dZm{n M§g‘wÀM`mo ^d{V'' (nmV.‘.^m. & & ) B{V ‘hm^mî`àm‘mÊ`mV². EdÄM ^ŠVm¡^JdVmo kmZñ` Amdí`H$Vm ‘mhmËå`kmZm`, ‘mhmËå`kmZñ`M ào‘XmT>²©çm`.kmZÄM ""OÝ‘mÚñ` `V…'' (~«.gy.1&1&2) ""`Vmo dm B‘m{Z...'', ""gË §kmZ‘² AZÝV§ ~«ô‘'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1,2&1) B{V H$m ©ñdê$nbjUmä`m‘² CŠV§^d{V.

VÌ ‘mhmËå`§-‘Zgm{n AmH$b{`Vw‘² AeŠ`aMZñ` OJVmo AZm`mgoZCËn{ÎmpñW{V^§JH$aU§ {bßVËdm{bßVËd§ ^moŠV¥Ëdm^moŠV¥Ëd§ H$V©¥ËdmH$V¥©Ëd‘²""Anm{UnmXmo OdZmo J¥hrVm'' (ídoVm.Cn.3&19) BË`m{X{déÕY‘m©l`Ëd§dm, VoZ ^ŠVo… kmZñ` CnOrì`monOrdH$^md…, H$m`©H$maUê$nmo dm gå~ÝY…{gÜ`{V. AV… VX²hoVwËd§ VËghH$m[aËd‘² B{V ^md…. EVmÑemo A § ^pŠV‘mJ}~«ô‘dmX… {gÜ`{V. gM H$mo

CÀ`Vo : ""EH$‘od A{ÛVr § ~«ô‘'', ""nwéfEd BX§ gd©‘²'',

Agm¡ ~«ô‘dmX… VmÑemo AlwVnydm} A § H$…? B{V AW©…. {H$ÄM VÌ H$m dm `wpŠV…, qH$ à‘mU§, H$sÑe§ M VËñdê$n‘²? BË`V…

Amhþ… CÀ`Vo B{V, EVV² gdª g§H$brH¥$Ë ¡d Añ‘m{^… H$Ï`Vo B{V AW©…. VXodXe©`pÝV EH$‘od BË`maä` VmËn`©ê$n… BË`ÝVoZ. EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘ ² B{V,gOmVr`{dOmVr`ñdJV oXd{O©V‘² B{V AW©…. VoZ "EH$‘od'-"A{ÛVr`‘²' B{VZ nm¡ZéŠË`‘². gOmVr`m… Ordm…, {dOmVr`m… OS>m…, ñdJVm… AÝV`m©{‘U…

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"EH$'nXoZ gOmVr` oX{Zamg…, "Ed'nXoZ {dOmVr`ñ`, "AÛ`'nXoZ ñdJVmZm§OrdmZm‘². gOmVr`ËdÝVw ""EH$Ëdo g{V AZoH$mZwJVËd§ Om{V…'' B{V Om{VbjUmX²AZoH$Ordm… VXZwJVm… {MÎdê$nm Om{V… VÐÿnV`m gmOmË`§ ~«ô‘U…. VoZ{MËgmOmË oZ ~«ô‘Umo Ord¡… gmOmË § ""`Wm gwXrßVmV² nmdH$mX² {dñ’w$qbJm…ghòe… à^dpÝV gê$nm…'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.2&1&1) B{V ‘wÊS>H$lwVm¡ "gê$n'nXmV²MoVZËd{ZË`Ëdm{XZm gmê$ß`mV² VmÑegOmVr` oXd{O©V‘² EH$‘² B{V AW©…. OS>mZm§{dOmVr`Ëd § OS >Ëdm{ZË`Ëdm{XZm. AÝV`m © {‘U… ñdJVËd § MàH$Q>gpÀMXmZÝXê$nËdo@{n n[apÀN>ÝZËdà{V{Z`VH$m`©H$V¥©Ëdm{XZm ko`‘².gOmVr`Û¡VÄM IÊS>‘wÊS>Jmoì`ŠË`mo[ad {dOmVr`Û¡V§ M KQ>nQ> mo[ad ko ‘². Hw$gw‘ofwVam o … AZ wgrdZ o@{n H w $g w‘ê$nËdm^mdmV ² gpÀMXmZÝXê$n o ^Jd{V{ÌV`{Zê${nVÛ¡Vam{hË oZ {MÐÿnoU Ordo, gÐÿnoU OSo>, àH$Q>mZÝXê$noU AÝV`m©{‘{UBË od§ {Ìîd{n AZwñ yVËdmV². AVEd ""gOmVr`{dOmVr`ñdJVÛ¡Vd{O©V‘²''(V.Xr.{Z.1&66) B{V lr‘XmMm ©MaUm…. Ed§ H$maUXem`m§ pñWVñ` ~«ô‘UmoA^oXà{Vnm{XH$m§ lw{V‘² CŠËdm H$m`©Xem`m§ pñWVñ` VËà{Vnm{XH$m‘² Amhþ…""nwéfEd BX§ gd©‘²'' (nwé.gy.2)B{V. Efm V¡{Îmar`mon{Zf{X ghòerfm©ZwdmHo$.AJ«o ""`X² yV§ V² M mì`‘²'' (VÌ¡d) B{V V`mo… A`‘² AW©… : nwéf…=nwéfmoÎm‘…""CÎm‘… nwéfñVw AÝ`…'' (^J.JrVm.15&17) B{V dmŠ`mV². ""BX§ gdª `X²^yV§ `V² M ^mì`§'' ^yVËdoZ ^m{dËdoZ M ì`d{õ`‘mU‘² "BX§'=KQ>nQ>mË‘H§$Zm‘ê$noU {^ÝZV`m n[aÑí`‘mZ‘{n "gdª'=OJV² "nwéfEd'. EVpñ‘Z²

CnmXmZH$aUËdoZ¡d nwéfmoÎm‘ñ ¡d AZwñ yVËdmV² nwéfmoÎm‘Ed Z AÝ`… B{VAW©…. "Ed'H$mañ` AÌ AÝ`ì`dÀN>oXH$mW©ËdmV². `Vmo ""OÝ‘mÚñ` `Vmo''(~«.gy.1&1&2), ""`Vmo dm B‘m{Z'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1), ""VÎmw g‘Ýd`mX²''(~«.gy.1&1&3) BË`m{Xlw{VgyÌofw nÄM‘r g‘dm{`H$maU‘od dpŠV, ""O{ZH$Vw©…àH¥${V…'' (nm{U.gy.1&4&30) B{V nm{UZr`gyÌmV². VXoVV² ""VÎmw g‘Ýd`mX²''(~«.gy.1&1&3) BË`m{XgyÌ^mî o ñ’w$Q>§ {Zê${nV§ lr‘XmMm ©MaU¡[a{V Z AÌ {dVÝ`Vo.{ÛVr`m‘{n Vm‘² Amh ""EoVXmËå`‘² BX§ gd©‘²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&8&7) B{V, B §ídoVHo$Vynm»`mZo dV©Vo. VÌ CnH«$‘o ""A{ndm V‘² AmXoe‘² Aàmjmo oZ AlwV§lwV§ d{V'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&1&2-3) BË`m{XZm EH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZ§ à{VkmV‘².VX² EH$‘od gdª ^doV² VXm(Ed) CnnÚVo. `Wm gwdU©IÊS>m… gwdU©H$m ª M gdª

g wdU©{‘{V gwdU©kmZ o VÁkmZ § ^d{V. VXWª ""gXod, gm¡å`... ''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) BË`maä` {Zê${nV‘². VXZÝVa§ OS>ñ` gd©ñ`m{nVXmË‘H$ËdH$WZm` ""EoVXmËå`‘² BX§ gd©‘²'' (VÌ¡d) B{V CŠV‘². EVñ` A`‘²AW©… : EVñ` AmË‘m EVXmË‘m ~«ô‘, Vñ` ^md… EoVXmËå`‘². "EVXmË‘Z…'BË`Ìm{n nÄM‘r g‘dm{`H$maU§ dpŠV. VWmM EVXmË‘Z… gH$memX² ‘¥Xmo KQ>m{XdV²VV² gdª gÐÿnoU BX§ gdª OmV‘² B{V AW©…. ""gXod, gm¡å`...'' B{V Ñï>mÝVdmŠ oOS>ñ` VXmË‘H$ËdmoŠVo@{n nwZ… XmT²>çm©Wª Xmï>m©pÝVH$dmŠ`o@{n CŠV‘². AJ«o{dZm{eËdm{XOS>JVXmofn[ahaUm`. ""VV² gË`‘²...'' (VÌ¡d) B{V "VV²'=nydm}ŠV§"gË §'=gd©H$mb§ gX² B{V AW©…. VoZ d¡Zm{eH$mY©d¡Zm{eH$à{VnÝZo AgÎd{dZm{eËdo‘m`mdm{Xà{VnÝZ§ ‘m{`H$Ëd§ M {ZañV‘². VXJ«o M nydm}Îma`mo… OS>Ord`mo…gXmË‘H$Ëdo ‘Ü`o hoVw‘² Amh ""g AmË‘m...'' (VÌ¡d) B{V, g na‘oída…AmË‘m gd©ñ` ñdê$n yVmo AZmJÝVwH$mZmamo{nVê$n… g… B{V AW©…. `Wm gwdUªH$Q>H$Hw$ÊS>bmXrZm‘². VWmM gd©ñ` VXmË‘H$ËdmV² gdª gË`‘² B{V kmnZm` BX§‘Ü o CŠV‘². nwZíM OS>ñ` gd©ñ` VXmË‘H$Ëd‘² CŠËdm Ordñ`m{n Amh ""VÎd‘²A{g'' (VÌ¡d) B{V. VWmM `Wm EoVXmËå`‘² EVXmË‘Zmo ^md… VWm Ëd‘²A{g. VX² EVXmË‘Zmo ^md… Ëd§ ^d{g B{V AW©….

""EoVXmËå`‘² BX§ gd©‘²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&8&7) ""gd¡ gd©‘² BX§ OJV²''(‘hmZm.Cn.23&9) BË`m{Xlw{V{^… ànÄMê$noUm{n nydª gÝZod ñdñ`AÛ`ËdoZ VX{V[aŠVñ` A^mdmV² ñdH«$sS>mW©‘² AmYmaËdoZ ànÄMê$n§gånmX{`Vw§ VÐÿnoU Am{d y©Vmo ^JdmZod B{V lw{VVmËn ©ê$n….

gpÀMÐÿnoU g‘dm{`H$maU§ JdmZ² OSo> gÐÿnoU¡d B{V oX…. "A{g'B{V ‘Ü`‘nwéfoU¡d"Ëd§'nXbm^mV². Vñ` ^md…="VÎd‘²' B{V EH$nXoZm{n VWm AWm} ^d{V B{V{bpIV‘² AmdaU^§Jo(V.Xr.{Z.à.1&61) lr‘ËnwéfmoÎm‘MaU¡…. VWmM gdªVmÑemW©‘² A{^gÝYm ¡d lr‘X²h[aam`MaU¡… ‘hmdmŠ`ê$nñ` gånyU©- ànmR>H$ñ`Cnb{jH$m B § lw{V… CŠVm. V… EVV² gdª {Zê${nV‘² ApñV {Z~ÝY{dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zm{XfwB{V {XH²$.

gd¡ gd©‘² BX§ OJX² B{V, nydm}ŠVarË`m ñnï>‘². Am{XnXmV² ""gÝ‘ybm…,gm¡å`, B‘m… àOm… gXm`VZm… gËà{Vð>m…'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&8&6), ""AmË‘m

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dm BX‘² AJ«o AmgrX²'' (~¥h.Cn.1&4&1), ""gXod, gm¡å`, BX‘² AJ«oAmgrX²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1), ""g AmË‘mZ§ ñd`‘² AHw$éV'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&7)BË`m{XlwV`mo AÌ AZwgÝYo`m…. ànÄMê$noUm{n nydª gÝZod BË`ÝV§ ""gXod,gm¡å`, BX‘² AJ«o AmgrX²'' (VÌ¡d) B{V lw{VVmËn ©‘². VÌ hoVw… VX{V[aŠVñ`A^mdmX² B{V gÐÿnñ` ~«ô‘Umo A{V[aŠVñ` A^mdmX² B{V AW©…. VÌ Cnï>på^H$m§` w pŠV‘ ² Amh þ … ñd...BË`m{X Am{d^ y ©X ² BË`ÝV § , ñdñ` AmË‘Z…AmZÝX‘mÌH$anmX‘wImoXam{X{d{eï>ñ` nwéfmoÎm‘ñdê$nñ` H«$sS>m agmÚZwê$n§ a‘U‘²B{V AW©…. gmM VXZwHy$bnXmW£… {^ÝZ¡… gå^d{V B{V fð>rVmËn`©‘². ""VX²EojV ~hþ ñ`m§ àOm o '' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&3) BË`m{XlwVo…. oXmo AÌ hoåZ…VËH$Q>H$Hw$ÊS>bm{XdX² ko …. Ûm ñd¡… AmZÝXmË‘H¡$… ŠV¡… VXZwHy$bVmÑenXmW£…AmË‘r ¡… H$aU yV¡… H«$sS>{V B{V {dJ«h…. Vñ ¡ B{V VXWª Vm§ H$Vw©‘² B{V AW©….EVofm§ VmÑeê$nËdm^mdo g‘mZerbì`gZm^mdo g{V a‘UmZZw dàg§JmV². Vñ‘mX²CŠV‘² AmZÝXê$nñ` H«$sS>mon`mo{JZm‘² AmZÝXê$nËd‘². gmM AmYmaoU {dZm Z^d{V `V… VÌ AmYmamnojm VX² Amhþ… AmYmaËdoZ B{V, ñdmYmaËdoZ

*ZZw ^JdV… Ed§ {dbjUmä`m§ ñdê$nmä`m§ Û¡Vmn{Îm…* B{V MoX² Z, ""ZBh ZmZm ApñV {H$ÄMZ'' BË`mÚ{J«‘lwË`m VX²d¡bjÊ`{ZfoYmV².

B{V AW©…. AmYmaíM OS>OrdmË‘H$… gpÀMÐÿnmo ^dVrË`V… gpÀMX§eoZgÐÿnñ` ànÄMñ` gånmXZ§, VXW©‘od ànÄMê$noU Am{d y©V… gH$bOZn[aÑí`‘mZmoOmV…. VÐÿnËdmXod Am{d^m©dm o, ZVw OZZ§, {ZË`mn[apÀN>ÝZê$nËdmX²,""{ZË`mn[apÀN>ÝZVZm¡ àmH$Q²>瑲'' (gw~mo.2&6&1) B{V CŠVo…. *ZZwgH$bOZn[aÑí`‘mZmo AÝ`Ed ^{dî`{V* B{V Ame§Š` Amhþ… ^JdmZod B{V,^JdmZ² nwéfmoÎm‘Ed Am{d y©Vmo Z AÝ`… B{V AW©…. ""nwéfEd BX§ gd©‘²''(nwé.gy.2) BË`m{X{ZéŠVlw{Vàm‘mÊ`mV² gX§eo OSo> AÌ {MXmZÝXm§em¡ {Vamo{hVm¡,gpÀMX§eo Ordo AÌ AmZÝXm§e… {Vamo{hV… BÀN>mV…. EV`mo… H«$sS>mW©‘²Am{d^m©{dVËdmV². VWmM H$mð>dpôZÝ`m oZ Am{d y©VmZm{d y©Vo ñdê$nEd M ""gË §kmZ‘² AZÝV§ ~«ô‘'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&1) BË`m{XbjUb{jV§ gpÀMXmZÝXñdê$nËd§^JdÎd§ OJV… {gÜ`{V. hoåZ… H$Q>H$Hw$ÊS>bm{XdV² H$m`©H$maU`mo… EoŠ`mX²AIÊS>mÛ¡V§ ~«ô‘ B{V lwVrZm§ VmËn ©‘². VWmM EVmÑeVmËn ©ê$nmo AIÊS>mÛ¡Vê$nmoAgm¡ ~«ô‘dmX… B{V nyd}U gå~ÝY…. AVEd ""AIÊS§> H¥$îUdV² gd©‘² B{V

{ZJ©{bV§ dM…'' ( . & & ) B{V lr‘XmMm ©MaUmopŠV…, ""gdª Ibw BX§ ~«ô‘''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&1) BË`m{XlwVo… M.

ZZw B{V Ame§H$ÝVo, H$m ©H$maUñdê$n`mo… d¡bjÊ`mX² EH$ñ ¡d {Ûê$nËdmX²Û¡Vmn{Îm… B{V AW©…. Z B{V {Z{fÜ` AJ«o g‘mXYVo Z B{V. ""Zoh ZmZm ApñV''(H$R>mon.2&1&11) B{V B`§ lw{V… H$mR>H$mon{Zf{X {ÛVr`mÜ`m`o àW‘dëë`m‘²ApñV. VÌ àW‘mÜ`m o àW‘dëë`m§ nydª `‘oZ gdª Zída§ {Zê${nV§ lwËdm gd©ñ`Anma‘m{W©H$Ëd§ kmËdm nma‘m{W©H§$ da§ `m{MVdmZ² {eî`…. VVíM {ÛVr`dëë`m§{daŠVËd oZ nar{jV § {eî` § {Z…l o`gh oV wH o $db{dÚm{W ©Ëd oZ ñVm oV w‘ ²Aä` wX`{Z…l o`gh oËdm o … {dÚ`m{dÚ`m o … {d^mJ‘ ² Amh `‘…. VV…nydm}ŠV{dÚm{dÚmXrZm§ ’$bm{XH§$ dŠVw§ V¥Vr`dëë`maå^…. Ed§ àW‘mÜ`m`g§jon….VXZÝVa§ {ÛVr`mÜ`m o nydm}ŠV{dÚm{XànÄMm{^YmZm` àW‘dëë`maå^…, ""nampÄMIm{Z'' BË`maä` ""V§ Xodm… gd} A{n©Vm… VXw Z AË o{V H$íMZ. EVÛ¡ VX²,`Xod Bh VX² A‘wÌ `X² A‘wÌ VX² ApÝdh'' (H$R>mon.2&1-10) BË`ÝV‘².EVXW©ñVw : "Xodm…'=A{YX¡d‘² A½Ý`mX`m o "AÜ`mË‘§'=dmJmX`… M"A{n ©Vm…'=pñW{VH$mb o àd o {eVm…. V § {haÊ`J^ ©ê $n § ^JdÝV §"ZmË o{V'=VXmË‘H$Vm‘² AVrË` VXÝ`Ëd§ Z JÀN>{V. VmÑeXodVmê$n‘² A{YX¡d‘²AÜ`mË‘‘² B{V EH$dMZoZ gå~ÝY…. `… EVV² ní`{V g… "d¡' B{V {ZíM oZ VV²àmH$a{UH§$ ~«ô‘¡d ní`{V B{V AW©…. CnH«$‘mong§hmao Ordoe`mo… EoŠ`‘² CŠV§VÝ‘Ü`o OS>ñ`m{n VX² CŠV‘², EdÄM VÝZmZmËdXe©Z{damoYmX² A`wŠV‘² B{VAme§Š` ZmZmËdXe©Z§ «mpÝV… B{V gyM{`Vw§ dX{V ""`Xod Bh VX² A‘wÌ `X²A‘wÌ VX² ApÝdh'' (H$R>mon.2&10), "Bh'=OrdmonmYm¡ "A‘wÌ' B©emonmYm¡"AZw'=Cnm{Y‘² AZwà{dï>§ VXod B{V AW©…. Cnm{YH¥$Vñ` ^oXñ` {‘Ï`mËdoZVÔe©Zñ` {ZÝXm§ dX{V ""‘¥Ë`mo… g ‘¥Ë w‘² AmßZmo{V `… Bh ZmZod ní`{V''(VÌ¡d) B{V. "Bd'eãXmo AÌ {MÐÿn¡Š`m{damoY§ gyM`{V, VmÑeñ` oXñ` VWmËdmV².ì`{VhmamopŠV… EoŠ`XmT²>çm©` {dÚm{ZdË`©ËdmX² A{dÚmH$m`©ËdmV² M ^oXñ`{‘Ï`mËd‘² B{V Amh ""‘Zg¡d BX‘² AmßVì § Z Bh ZmZm ApñV {H$ÄMZ''(H$R>m on.4&11), "‘Zgm'=AmMm`m ©J‘g§ñH¥$V oZ EoH$m½a ²ç oU. "Edo'ZoXJ«m{hMjwam{X{Zamg…. "AmßVì`‘²'=do{XVì`‘². CÎmamY© oXXe©Z{ZÝXmonhmgna‘²

B{V Ho${MV². EVV² gdª H$R>dëbr^mî o#B(?)#A {dñV¥V{‘{V AÌ {Xem AdJÝVì`m.

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A{J«‘lwË`m B{V, nydm}ŠVmZm‘² A oX~mo{YH$mZm§ lwVrZm‘² A{J«‘`m d¡bjÊ o@{nÛ¡V{ZfoYmX² Z Û¡Vmn{Îm… B{V AW©…. hoåZ… H$Q>H$Hw$ÊS>bm{Xd¡bjÊ o@{n dñVwVmoÛ¡Vm^mdmV². AVEd lw{V… VmÑem A oX‘² Amh ""`… nydª Vngmo OmV‘² AX²ä`…nyd©‘² AOm`V, Jwhm§ à{dí` {Vð>ÝV§ `mo ^yV¡{^… ì`ní`V. EVX²d¡ VX²''(H$R>mon.4&6), ""H$- píMX² Yra… àË`JmË‘Z‘² EojX² Amd¥ÎmMjw‘² A‘¥VËd‘²BÀN>Z²'' (H$R>mon.2&1) B{V M, ""Z{h gË`ñ` ZmZmËd‘², A{dÛmZ² {X ‘Ý`go,ZmZmËd§

VXW©ñVw : Bh gd©ê$nV`m AÛ`o ~«ô‘{U ànÄMê$no@{ngpÀMXmZÝXV`m EH$ê$no dñVw Z ZmZm {H$ÝVw A~«ô‘Ñem‘² A{dÚ`m^mgVEd AVm o d ¡bjÊ`‘². AVEd ""dmMmaå^U...''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&1&14) lw{V… {dH$mamUm§ ñdXmofoU àVrVmZm§ {‘Ï`mËd§dñVwËdoZ

{N>Ð`mo… `X²dX² Á`mo{Vfmo… dm V`mo[ad. `Wm {haÊ § ~hþYm g‘r`Vo Z¥{^…{H«$`m{^… ì`dhmadË‘©gw Ed§ dMmo{^… ^JdmZ² AYmojOmo ì`m»`m`Vobm¡{H$H$d¡{XH¡$… OZ¡…'' (^mJ.nwam.12&4&30-31) BË`mÚwŠVo… M.gpÀMXmZÝXV`m B{V, OS>OrdmÝV`m©{‘ê$nV`m B{V AW©…. {H$ÝVw A~«ô‘Ñem‘²A{dÚ`m B{V, Z ~«ô‘{U Ñ{ï>… `ofm§ Vo A~«ô‘Ñe… Vofm‘². A{dÚ`m B{V‘m`mepŠV… B{V AW©…, ""`mdV² ñ`mX² JwUd¡få § VmdX² ZmZmËd‘² AmË‘Z…''(^mJ.nwam.11&10&32) ""à{V~wÕBd ñdßZmX² ZmZmËdmX² {d{ZdV©Vo''(^mJ.nwam.11&11&13), AVEd ""nampÄM Im{Z ì`V¥UV² ñd`å y… Vñ‘mV²namL²> ní`{V Z AÝVamË‘Z²'' (H$R>mon.2&1) lwË`m ~mô`kmZdVm‘² BpÝÐ`mUm§ñd`å wdm qhgZ‘² CŠV‘². Ed B{V, {ZpíMV‘². AV… B{V, A{dÚ`m mg‘mZñ`m{noXñ` {‘Ï`mËdmX² Z {dbjUËd§ {H$ÝVw EH$ê$nËd‘² B{V AW©…. EVXod Cnï>å^`pÝV

AVEd B{V, EH$ê$nËdmXod B{V AW©…. dmMmaå^Ulw{V… B{V, ""CV V‘² AmXoe‘²Aàmjmo oZ AlwV§ lwV§ d{V'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&1&2-3) BË`m{X. ""`Wm, gm¡å`,EHo$Z'' (VÌ¡d) BË`m{Xà{VkmÑï>mÝVlw{V~boZ ànÄMg‘dm{`Ëd§ ~«ô‘U…à{Vnm{XV‘². VÌ Ñï>mÝVdmŠ`eofo ""dmMmaå^U‘²'' BË`m{X ly Vo. Añ` A`‘²AWm} : `mo {dH$ma… VX² dmMmaå^U§ `X² Amaä`Vo VX² Amaå^U§ ""H¥$Ë`ë wQ>mo~hþb‘²'' (nm{U.gy.3&3&113) B{V H$‘©{U "ë wQ²>', dmJmaãYH$maUñ ¡d Zm‘Yo §,

H$maU‘od {h VÎmXW©{H«$`m{gÕçWª VoZ-VoZ ZmåZm ì`d{õ`VB{V H$maUmX²A{^ÝZ‘od H$m`ª ZVw ñdoZ ê$noU H$maUmX² {^ÝZËd‘². VX² Amh """‘¥{ÎmH$m'BË od gË`‘²'' (VÌ¡d) B{V H$maUê$noU¡d gË § ZVw {‘Ï`m. ZM *dmMmaå^U‘²AZyÚ Vñ` {dH$maËd§ {dYm` VV… Vñ ¡d Zm‘Yo Ëd{ZJ‘ZmX² {dH$mamo dmL²>‘mÌoU¡dAmaä`Vo, ZVw dñVwV… InwîndX²* B{V dmÀ §, ~«ô‘H$maUËdmZwnnÎ`m

gÎd§ M Amh. *ZZw dñVwVmo AVWmËdo H$W§ VWmàVr{V…* B{V MoX² Z, {gVm‘yVm©{dd

ZmZmËdàVrVmd{n EH$ËdoZ dñVwZ… VWmËdm^mdmV². AVEd

""`Vmo dm B‘m{Z'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&2)BË`m{Xlw{Vì`mH$monmnÎmo…. `{XM{dH$ma…(?ñ`) dmL²>‘mÌVm‘² A{^ào`mV² VXm ""dmMmaå^U§ {dH$mamo ‘¥{ÎmH¡$dgË`m'' BË`od dXoV², VmdV¡d {‘Ï`mËd{g{Õ…, dX{VVw Ed§ """‘¥{ÎmH$m'BË`odgË`‘²'' B{V. VoZ CŠVmW©Ed {gÜ`{V. AVEd H$m`©~moYH$lwVm¡ `wpŠV{damoY§n[aöË` H$m`©~moYH$dmŠ`mÝVao lw{V{damoY§ n[ahm` gyÌ‘² Amhþ… ì`mgMaUm…""VXZÝ`Ëd‘² "Amaå^U'eãXm{Xä`…'' (~«.gy.2&1&14) B{V gyÌo "Am{X'nXoZ"B{V'eãXmo, "Zm‘Yo 'nX§, ""gXod, gm¡å`...'' BË`mXr{Z dmŠ`m{Z M g§J¥h² ÝVo.AW©ñVw {ZéŠVàH$maEd. `Îmw am‘mZwOmMm`m©… ^mñH$amMm`m©… M BX§ gy̧ ‘w»`V`mA oXdmX{ZamH$aUmWª ‘m`mdmX{ZamH¥${VñVw AmZwf§{JH$s B{V Amhþ…, VX² AUw mî olr‘XmMm`©MaU¡…, nwéfmoÎm‘MaU¡… M ^mî`àH$meo@{n {deXV`m {ZamH¥$V‘².oXdmXñ` ""VH$m©à{Vð>mZmX²'' (~«.gy.2&1&11) B{V gyÌo nyd©‘od {ZamH¥$VËdmV²,

àH¥${VdmX… M ""à{VkmÑï>mÝVmZwnamoYmX²'' (~«.gy.1&4&23) B{V gyÌo nwam{ZamH¥$VEd B{V {XH²$. {dñVa{^`m Z AÌ {dVÝ`Vo. AÌVw na‘VarË ¡d lwË`W©‘²AmXm` ZmZmËd§ {ZamHw$d©Z² Amhþ… {dH$mamUm§ ñdXmofoU àVrVmZm§ {‘Ï`mËd§dñVwËdoZ gÎd§ M Amh ""dmMmaå^U...'' B{V lw{V…, B{V ^dmZ{n AmhB{V AW©…. VWmM ËdÝ‘VarË`m{n {dH$mamUm§ {‘Ï`mËdo ZmZmËdm^mdEd B{V^md….

*ZZw KQ>… eamdm{X… nQ>… {eamodoï>ZemQ>H$mX`mo ~hd… gpÝV Vofm§ H$W‘²EH$Ëd‘²?* B{V Ame§Š` Vñ` Ñï>mÝVoZ {ZamH$aUnyd©H§$ {gÕmÝVÑT>rH$aUmW©‘²Ame§H$ÝVo ZZw B{V. AVWmËdo AZmZmËdo. VWmàVr{V… ZmZmËdàVr{V… B{V AW©….g‘mXYVo Z B{V, {gVm`m… ~mbmZm§ H«$sS>mWª H§$H$UmÚm^aUm{Z ‘pÝXam{U

16 17

hñË`ídm{X‘y{V©… M Hw$d©pÝV, Vmgm§ ZmZmËdàVr{V… d{V. VWm{n Vmgm§ {gVmËdoZEH$ê$nËdoZ {gVmê$ndñVwZmo ZmZmËdm^mdmX² B{V AW©…. VWmM ~«ô‘U… gd©ê$nËdo@{n~«ô‘ËdoZ ZmZmËdm^mdmX² B{V

Z ~«ô‘{dXm§ VWmàVr{V…, ñdê$n‘mÌÑ{ï>ËdmV². o nwZ… ~{hX©¥ï>`… Vofm‘odVWmËd^mZmX² Z dñVw{Z VWmËd§ VmËn`m©ÝVam^mdoZ VX²Ñï>o… Agå‘VËdmV².AVEd {dMma{gÕçW©H$ËdoZ emñÌgmW©Š`‘². AVEd ""AIÊS§> H¥$îUdV²gd©‘²'' (V.Xr.{Z.2&182) B{V AmMm ©d`m©….

^md…. Ñï>mÝVXmï>m©pÝVHo$ wŠË ¡d Cnï>å^pÝV AVEd B{V, EH$ê$nËdmXod Vofm§Z {‘Ï`mËdàVr{V… B{V AW©…. VÌ hoVw‘² Amhþ… ñdê$n‘mÌÑ{ï>ËdmX ² B{V,~«ô‘ñdê$n‘mÌÑ{ï>Ëd§ Vofm§ Vñ‘mX² B{V AW©…. H$m`}@{n Ñ{ï>… Vofm§ VWm{nH$maUmZÝ`ËdoZ, ZVw VËn¥WŠV`m B{V ^md…. `Wm ~mbmZm§ {gVmdñVwkmZm^mdoZVËH«$sS>ZHo$fw ZmZmËd~w{Õ… d{V, ZVw {gVmkmZdVm§ à~wÕmZm‘². AV… à~wÕÑ{ï>aodgå‘Vm, ZVw ~mbÑ{ï>…. VXod CnnmX`pÝV `o nwZ… B{V. ~{hX©¥ï>`… B{V,AÝV…pñWVñ` ~«ô‘Umo Xe©Z§ `ofm§ Z ^d{V Vo ~{hÑ©ï>`…. Vofm‘od B{V,A~«ô‘Ñem‘od B{V AW©…. VWmËd^mZmX² Z dñVw{Z VWmËd‘² B{V, dñVwÑï²>ç^mdoZEH$ñdê$nËdm^mdmX², Z dñVw{Z EH$ê$nËdm^mddÎd§ ZmZmËd‘² B{V AW©…. VÌhoVw‘² Amhþ… VmËn`m©ÝV... BË`m{X, VmËn`m©ÝV{dMmam^mddVm§ ~mbmZm§ Ñï>o…Agå‘VËdmX² B{V AW©…. VmËn ©ÄM EHo$Z¡d ‘¥Xm{Xg‘dm{`H$maUoZ gd} KQ>nQ>mX`mo^dpÝV. VËg‘dm{`H$maUÄM ~«ô‘U… gX§eê$n§, VÀM gd©pñ‘Z² AZwñ yV‘² AV…VÐÿnËdoZ gd©ñ` EH$ê$nËdmX² Z Šdm{n ZmZmËd‘². ""Z Bh ZmZm ApñV {H$ÄMZ''(VÌ¡d), ""dmMmaå^U§ "{dH$mamo' Zm‘Yo § "‘¥{ÎmH$m' BË od gË`‘²'' (VÌ¡d),""VV² Ho$Z H§$ ní oX²'' (~¥h.Cn.4&6&15) BË`m{XlwVrZm§ VmËn ª, VXod AÝV…{gÕmÝVmo dm{Xà{Vdm{Xä`m§ {ZUuVmo AW©…. VÌ {dMmaEd ZmñVr{V Vofm§ Hw$V…VpÝZU© kmZ‘²? {dMmaíM -qH$ H$maU§, qH$ H$m ª, H$sÑe§ M V`mo… ñdê$n‘²?BË`m{X…. AV… Vofm § Ñï> o… Agå‘VËd§, Vñ‘mX² B{V AW©…. VXW©‘odCÎma‘r‘m§gmemñÌ‘² B{V Amhþ… AVEd B{V, ~{hX©¥{ï>~moYgmnojËdmXod B{V AW©….{dMmam o {Okmgm, Vñ`m… {g{Õ… ’$b§ kmZ‘² B{V `mdV², VXod AWª à`moOZ§

`ñ` VX ² {dMma{gÕçW©H § $ Vñ` ^mdm o, ~h þd « rhm ¡ "H$…'. emñÌñ`CÎma‘r‘m§gmemñÌñ` B{V AW©…. gmW©Š`§ à`moOZdÎd§, doXñ` {dMmam^mdoZVñ‘mV² gd©ê$n‘² AÛ § ~«ô‘ B{V {gÕ‘².

*ZZw Ed§ ànÄMñ` ^JdÐÿnËdo ‘w‘wjwgmYZmonXoeofw Vñ` ho ËdmonXoe…H$W§ emñÌo wÁ`Vo?* B{V MoV² gË`‘². ñdH«$sS>mW©‘od VËg¥ï>o… VÌ {d{MÌoê$no OrdmZm§ ñdr`ËdoZ AmgpŠV^«‘{ZdmaUm`.

{Z{d©{M{H$ËgV`m ~moYm^mdmX² B{V AW©…. ""H$‘m©H$‘©{dH$‘}{V doXdmXmoZ bm ¡{H$H$m o d oXñ` M B©ídamË‘ËdmV² VÌ ‘wh ²`pÝV gya`…''(^mJ.nwam.11&3&43) B{V CŠVo…. Z{h ~{hX©¥{ï>gmnoj‘² BX§ emņ̃ {H$ÝVwkm{Zgmnoj‘od. VX² CŠV‘² AmMm ©d £… ""AgpÝX½Yo@{n doXmW} ñWyUmIZZdX²‘V…, ‘r‘m§gm{ZU© … àmko Xw~w©ÕoñVw VVmo Û`‘²'' (AUw m.1&1&1) B{V. `Ûmkm{ZZm§ {ZéŠVVmÑe{dMma{gÕçW©H$ËdoZ emñÌñ` ""empñV B{V emņ̃ doX…,Vñ` ""Z Bh ZmZm ApñV {H$ÄMZ''(H$R>mon.4&11), ""gdª Ibw BX§ ~«ô‘''(~¥h.Cn.4&5&19) BË`m{Xê$nñ` gmW©Š`‘². AÝ`Wm EVÀN>mñÌñ` d¡ Ï ª ñ`mX²B{V AW©…. AÌ AW} Cnï>å^H§$ à‘mU‘² Amhþ… AVEd B{V, VmËn`m©ÝV{dMmadVm‘²EVÀN>mñÌo AIÊS>mÛ¡V~«ô‘U… {gÕmpÝVVËdmX² B{V AW©…. Cng§hapÝV Vñ‘mX²B{V, ñdñ` H«$sS>mW©‘² AmYmaËdoZ ànÄMê$n§ gånmX{`Vw§ VÐÿnoU ^JdVEdàmX w^ y ©VËdmX ² B{V AW©…. gd©ê$n‘ ² AÛ`§ ~ «ô‘ B{V {gÕ‘² B{V,{ZéŠVlw{VVmËn ©à‘mU~boZ gd©ê$nV`m AIÊS>mÛ¡V§ ~«ô‘ B{V {ZînÝZ‘² B{VAW©….

Ed§ ànÄMñ` ^JdÐÿnËdo {gÕo Vñ` ho ËdmonXoemo {déÕçVB{V VpÝZamgm`nyd©‘² Ame§H$ÝVo ZZw B{V. ‘w‘wjwgmYZmonXoeofw B{V, ""B‘m… am‘m… gaWm… gVy m©…Z{h B©Ñem… bå^Zr`m… ‘Zwî`¡…'' (H$R>mon.1&1&25), ""ñdmamÁ`Vwï>CnemÝV‘² BX§ {dOh² mX²'' (^mJ.nwam.7&15&45) BË`m{Xfw B{V AW©…. Vñ`B{V, ànÄMñ` B{V AW©…. emñÌo B{V, doXmXm¡. g‘mXYVo gË`‘ ² B{V,AYmªJrH$ma…. ApñV `Ú{n ho ËdmonXoe… Vñ` VWm{n ‘Zr{fV§ ^JdX{V[aŠVËd§{‘Ï`mËdÝVw Z g‘m`m{V {H$ÝVw AÝ`V² à`moOZ‘² ApñV B{V Amhþ… H«$sS>mW©‘odB{V,

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AÝ`Wm ‘wŠVm{YH$^ŠVmZm‘² AÝ`ofm§ dm ^OZmon`mo{JV`m VËn[aJ«hmo

H«$sS>mW©à`moOZ‘od ànÄMg¥ï>o…. VWmM ànÄMg¥ï>o… H«$sS>mà`moOH$ËdoZ ànÄMñ`Z ^JdX{V[aŠVËd§ {‘Ï`mËd§ {H$ÝVw ^JdÐÿnËd‘od B{V AW©…. AÝ`Wm^JdËH«$sS>m`mEd {‘Ï`mËdmnÎmo… ""EH$mo Ah§ ~hþ ñ`m‘²'' B{V BÀN>m`m… {‘Ï`mËdon ©dgmZmV² gË`g§H$ënËdmZwnnÎmo… M. Vñ‘mX² Z {‘Ï`mËdm` emñÌo ho ËdmonXoe…{H$ÝVw AÝ`à`moOZm` B{V. VX² Amhþ… VÌ BË`m{XZm, VÌ g¥ï>m¡ {d{MÌo ê$noñÌrËdn w §ñËd` wd~mbd¥ÕËdm{XàH$maH o $ ~ÝY wg wöXm{Xê$n o. OrdmZm‘²A{dÚmnademZm‘². ñdr`ËdoZ AmgpŠV… àr{V… ""Ah‘² EVofm§-‘Xr`m… MB‘o'' BË`mÚmË‘r`Ëdê$nm gå~ÝYê$nm dm. EVñ`míM {‘Ï`mËdmX² «‘ê$nËd‘².EVmÑemÜ`mgñ ¡d VWmËdmV² ""H$ñ` Ho$ n{VnwÌmÚm… ‘mohEd {h H$maU‘²''(^mJ.nwam.8&16&19) B{V dmŠ`mV². AZW©hoVwËdoZ Xmofê$nËd§ M. VmÑe «‘ñ`"""Ah§-‘‘' B{V ñdrH¥$Ë` H$amo{V Hw$‘{V… ‘{V‘²'' (^mJ.nwam.4&28&17)BË`mXm¡ {ZÝXmldUmV² VmÑemgpŠV^«‘ê$nXmof{ZdmaUm` emñÌo ànÄMñ`ho ËdmonXoemo wÁ`Vo B{V nyd}U gå~ÝY…. Ed§ ZmoMoX² ~mYH$ wpŠV‘² Amhþ… AÝ`WmBË`m{X, AmgpŠV «‘{ZdmaUmW©Ëdm^mdo. ‘wŠVm{YH$^ŠVmZm‘² B{V, ‘wŠV¡… A{YH$m…M Vo. ""^JdmZ² ^OVm§ ‘wHw$ÝXmo ‘wpŠV§ XXm{V H${h©{MV² ñ‘ Z ^pŠV`moJ‘²''(^mJ.nwam.5&6&18) BË`m{XdMZmX² ofm§ ^pŠV§ XXm{V ^JdmZ² Vo ‘wŠVm{YH$m…nyU©nwéfm oÎm‘MaUn[aMaUnam`UmÝV…H$aUm…, ^pŠVñVw na~«ô‘àm{nH$màdMZm{XgmYZmgmYZr`m, ""Z A`‘² AmË‘m àdMZoZ bä`mo Z ‘oY`m Z ~hþZmlwVoZ `‘od Ef d¥UwVo VoZ bä`…'' (H$R>mon.2&23) B{V lwVo… ‘wpŠVñVwVnAm{XgmYZgmÜ`m, ""Vngm ~«ô‘ {d{Okmgñd'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&2) B{V lwVo….VWmM nyd©gmYZm{X{^… ‘wpŠV§ àmßZwdÝV… VXÝVa§ Vrd«{dah^mdgånÎmm¡ JdËH¥$n`mdaUm{YH$ma§ àmßZwdÝVmo ŠVm…. km{Z^ŠVmZm‘² B § ì`dñWm nw{ï>^ŠVmñVw nyd©VEd{Z…gmYZm… nwéfmoÎm‘godmnam`UmÝV…H$aUm…. daUm{YH$magån{ÎmñVw Vofm§ nyd‘odOmVm `Xm ^JdVm g¥ï>m…, H$m{`H$g¥{ï>ËdmV² Vofm§, ""nwqï> H$m oZ {ZíM`…''(nw.à.‘.9) B{V lr‘XmMm ©MaUdmŠnr yfmV². ""gd¡ Z¡d ao‘o. Vñ‘mX²Z ñ`mX², ~«ô‘{dXm§ dm ~«ô‘ËdàVrVm¡ Aho Ëd~w{Õ… Z ñ`mV². AVmo «‘mX²AmgpŠV…, VpÝZdmaUmW©‘od emñÌo VWm CpŠV… B{V OmZr‘….

EH$mH$s Z a‘Vo. g {ÛVr`‘² EoÀN>V²'' (~¥h.Cn.1&4&3), ""{^ÝZ¡d H$m{MV²gm g¥{ï>… {dYmVw… ì`{Vao{H$Ur'' (?) B{V dmamhnwamUmV² M. km{ZZmÝVwAÝVVEd ‘wŠVm{YH$^ŠVËd‘² EVofmÝVw nyd©VEdo{V {ZVam§ VWm. Ho$dbkm{ZZñVw‘ wŠVmEd Z ^ŠVm…, ""Z Ah§ àH$me… gd©ñ``moJ‘m`mg‘md¥V…''(^J.JrVm.7&25), ""Vo àmßZwdpÝV ‘m‘od gd© yV{hVoaVm…'' (^J.JrVm.12&4) BË`m{XdmŠ`¡… km{Z^ŠV`mo… {ddoH$… CŠV…lr‘Ëà wMaU¡…. ""kmZr MoX² ^OVo H¥$îU§ Vñ‘mX² Z ApñV A{YH$… na…''(V.Xr.{Z.1&14) B{V àe§gmdmŠ`‘{n. AVEd lr‘XmMm ©MaUm… {Z~ÝYo VÎdXrno""VXwnmgZ`m kmZmV² na‘mË‘Ëd‘² Añ` {h, kmZ‘mJ}Vw EVXod goì`…''(V.Xr.{Z.2&103), ^mî`o@{n AmZÝX‘`m{YH$aUo ànpÄMV‘² ApñV ""JVo…AW©dÎd‘² C^`Wm {h {damoY…'' (~«.gy.3&3&29) B{V V¥Vr`mÜ`m o@{n. AV…VmÑem… ‘wŠVm{YH$^ŠVm… km{Z^ŠVm… nw{ï>^ŠVm… B{V AW©…. AÝ ofm§ dm B{V,Ho$dbkm{ZZm‘² AjakmZdVm§ ‘wŠVmZm‘² AIÊS>mÛ¡VkmZdVm‘² B{V `mdV².^OZmon`mo{JV`m B{V, ""BX§ {h {díd§ Jdm{Zd BVa…'' (^mJ.nwam.1&5&20),""H«$sS>mW©‘² AmË‘Z… BX§ {ÌOJV² H¥$V§ Vo'' (^mJ.nwam.8&22&20),""H«$sS>m^mÊS§> {díd‘² BX§'' (^mJ.nwam.4&7&43), ""nmVmb‘² EVñ`nmX‘yb‘²'' (^mJ.nwam.2&1&26), ""`mdX² Z Om oV namdao Apñ‘Z² {dídoídaoÑï>[a ^pŠV`moJ… VmdV² ñWdr`… nwéfñ` ê$n§ {H«$`mdgmZo à`V… ñ‘aoV''(^mJ.nwam.2&2&14) BË`m{XdmŠ`ofw ànÄMñ` ^JdÐÿnËdoZ ^OZmon`mo{JËd§ì`mgMaU¡… ewH$MaU¡… M CŠV‘². {‘Ï`mê$nËdoVw Añ` brbmê$nËd‘² Cnmñ`ê$nËd§M Vo H$W§ dXo w…? `V… Vofm§ VÐÿnV`m Vñ` ànÄMñ` n[aJ«h… n[akmZ‘od Zñ`mX² B{V AW©…, Vofm§ ~«ô‘Ñ{ï>ËdmV². AÝ`X{n Amhþ… ~«ô‘{dXm§ dm B{V, `ñ`~«ô‘ê$nËdoZ Vofm‘² Aho Ëd~w{Õ… AVEd ""nmVmb‘² Añ`'' BË`m{X Amhþ…lr‘ÀNw>H$mX`…. AV… B{V, ànÄMñ` ~«ô‘ê$nËdmX² B{V AW©…. VWm CpŠV…B{V B{V, ho ËdmopŠV… B{V AW©….

*ZZw VXm Cnmñ`ËdoZ doXmÝVofw ànÄMê$n‘od Cn{Xí oV, ‘ybê$nËdmV². ZMAñVw VW¡d B{V dŠVw§ eŠ § ""gd©Ì à{gÕmonXoemX²'' (~«.gy.1&2&1) B{VA{YH$aU{damoYmX²* B{V MoX² Z, doXmÝVofw kmZmW©‘² CnmgZm{Zê$nU§ {MÎmew{ÕhoVwËdoZZVw {gÕo kmZo VWmM AkmZ² àË od ànÄMê$no gdm©{YH$ËdkmZm^mdoZ CnmgZm{gÕo…VX²{^- ÝZñ` VWmËd‘² CÀ`Vo. {gÕoVw kmZo gd©Ì ~«ô‘ñ’y${V©… daUo dm ^-

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Ed§ gd©ñ` ~«ô‘ê$nËdo {gÕo… VÌ ho ËdmopŠV{damoYo n[aöVo@{n Cnmñ`ê$nñ`VX{^ÝZV`m {Zê$nUldUmV² à{VdmXr àË`d{Vð>Vo ZZw B{V, Xm gd©ñ ¡d ànÄMñ`~«ô‘Ëd§ VXm ""AmË‘m dmao Ðï>ì`… lmoVì`mo ‘ÝVì`mo {Z{XÜ`m{gVì`mo''(~¥h.Cn.4&5&6) BË`mÚwnmgZm{df ofw doXmÝVdmŠ ofw ànÄMê$n‘od Cnmñ`ËdoZCn{Xí`oV, ^dÝ‘Vo Vñ`¡d ‘ybê$nËdmX² B{V AW©…. ZZw ~«ô‘U… gd©ê$nËdoZgd©ê$nñ`¡d CnXoemo AñVw CnmgZmdmŠ`ofw B{V Ame§H$m`m‘² Amhþ… ZM B{V.VW¡d B{V, gd©ê$nñ ¡d CnXoemo ApñV B{V ZM dŠVw§ eŠ`‘². VÌ hoVw‘² Amhþ…gd©Ì B{V. Añ` AW©ñVw : gd©Ì doXmÝVdmŠ ofw à{gÕñ` ""{ZîH$b§ {ZpîH«$`‘²''(ídoVm.Cn.6&19) BË`m{XdmŠ`~mo{YVñ` ~«ô‘UEd CnpñWVËdoZ CnXoemo ZVwànÄMê$nñ` VWmËdoZ CnXoemo ApñV. A{YH$aU{damoYmX² B{V, àW‘mÜ`m`ñ`{ÛVr`MaUñ` àW‘m{YH$aU{damoYmX² B{V AW©…. Z B{V {ZamH¥$Ë` g‘mXYVodoXmÝVofw B{V. VX²{^ÝZñ` VWmËd‘² B{V, AkmZ² àË`od ànÄM{^ÝZñ`Cnmñ`ê$nËd‘² CÀ`Vo ZVw km{ZZmo, dñVwV… ànÄMê$nñ` VX²{^ÝZËdm^mdmX².Vofm§ ànÄMê$nËdo gdm©{YH$ËdkmZm^mdoZ CnmgZm`m… A{gÕo…. AVmo Z dñVwV…ànÄMmonmñ`ê$n`mo… {^ÝZËd§ {H$ÝVw ~mbmZwemgZmW©‘od VWm CpŠV… B{V ^md….""namojdmXmo doXmo A § ~mbmZm‘² AZwemgZ‘²'' (^mJ.nwam.11&3&44) B{VCŠVo…. VoZ ""Ðï>ì`… lmoVì`…'' (~¥h.Cn.4&5&6) BË`m{XdmŠ`mZm§ {Zdm©h….""nmVmb‘² EVñ`...'' BË`mXm¡Vw ànÄMê$nñ`m{n JdV… Cnmñ`ê$nËd§ {Zê${nV‘².AVEd ""`mdX² Z Om oV namdao Apñ‘Z²'' (^mJ.nwam.2&2&14) B{V Amhþ….{gÕoVw B{V, Ho$db~«ô‘km{ZZm§ gd©Ì ~«ô‘ñ’y${V©… AJ«oVw `Wm{YH$magåàmpßV…,{gÕm{YH$m[aUmÝVw ^ŠË`m

pŠV[a{V Z CnmgZmdga… B{V oXoZ nyd©‘² Cnmñ`{Zê$nU‘² B{V AW©….AVEd ""dmgwXod… gd©‘²'' (^J.JrVm.7&19) BË`m{XdmŠ`m{Z.

*ZZw Ed§ ewÕ~«ô‘dmXo OrdmZm‘{n VÐÿnËdoZ ^OZmZwnn{Îm…* B{V MoX²Z, A§eËdoZ¡d VÐÿnVm Vofm§, Z A§{eZmo, ~«ô‘dmXo gd©ñ`¡d ~«ô‘U…gdm©Ë‘ËdmV². na § VÐÿn oU ""BÝÐm o ‘m`m{^… nwéê$n B ©`Vo''(~¥h.Cn.2&5&15) B{V lwVo…. VWmM ghOm§emZm§ nwZ… nyd© mdgånÎ`W©‘²A{dÚmXmof{Zd¥Î`Wª M ^OZmonn{Îm… B{V ^md….

Z CnmgZmdga…. B{V oXoZ B{V, {ZéŠVàH$maoU oXoZ B{V AW©…. VXwnï>å^H§$^JdX²dmŠ`mZm§ {ZXe©Z‘² Amhþ… AVEd BË`m{X, ""dmgwXod… gd©‘² B{V g ‘hmË‘mgwXwb© …'' (^J.JrVm.7&19), ""gdª dmgwXod…'' B{V EVmÑekmZdmZ² mo ‘hmË‘mgmo A{VXw©b^… B{V AW©…. "Am{X'nXmV² ""g gd©{dX² ^O{V ‘m§ gd© mdoZ''(^J.JrVm.15&19) BË`mXrZm§ g§J«h….

Ed§ OS>mË‘H$ñ` ànÄMñ` ~«ô‘U… gÐÿnV`m A oXmo {Zê${nV…. Ordm oXñVw""VÎd‘² A{g'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&8&7) BË`m{XdmŠ ¡… {MV² gOmVr`mo {Z{d©dmXEdBË`Vmo Z CŠV…. VWm{n Ord~«ô‘Umo… EoŠ o ^OZmZwnn{Îm… B{V Ame§H$m§ {Za{gVw§Vm‘od Amhþ… ZZw Ed‘² B{V. ^OZmZwnn{Îm… B{V VaV‘^mdm^mdmV² VXZwnn{Îm…B{V AW©…, ""g EH$mH$s Z a‘Vo'' (‘hmon.1&1) B{V lwVo…. `Ûm ^JdÐÿnËdo{gÕo ^OZñ` Aà`moOH$ËdmX² AZwnn{Îm… B{V g‘mXYVo A§eËdoZ¡d B{V.ghOm§emZm‘² B{V, ""A§emo ZmZmì`nXoemV²''(~«.gy.2&3&43), ""‘‘¡d A§emoOrdbmoHo$ Ord^yV… gZmVZ…'' (^J.JrVm.15&7), ""`Wm A½Zo… jwÐm…{dñ’w$qbJm… ì`wÀMapÝV, Ed‘od Añ‘mX² AmË‘Z… gd} àmUm…''(~¥h.Cn.2&1&20) BË`mÚwŠVo…. A§eËdÄM amí oH$XoeËd‘². nyd© mdgånÎ`W©‘²B{V, gmåàVÝVw ""nam{^Ü`mZmÎmw {Vamo{hV§ VVmo{h Añ` ~ÝY{dn`©`m¡''(~«.gy.3&2&5) B{V gyÌmX² Añ` Ordñ` Eoíd`m©{X {Vamo{hV§, VoZ ^OZm{XH§$ Z^d{V,

*ZZw VWm{n ^OZ‘mÌn`©dgm{`{Z nw{ï>‘mJ} {ZdË`©Xmofm^mdmV²

""Z A`‘² AmË‘m ~bhrZoZ bä`…'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.3&2&4) B{V lwVo…. AV…nwZ… Eoíd`m©{X^mdgånÎ`W©‘² B{V AW©…. A{dÚmXmof{Zd¥Î`W©ÄM B{V,amí ¡H$Xoeñ` A§eñ` {d^m{OH$m A{dÚm, Vñ`m… M ^JdX²{dÀN>oXmnmXH$ËdoZXmofê$nËd§ VpÝZd¥Î`W©‘² B{V AW©…. ZM *Eoíd`m©{XgånÎmm¡ A{dÚmXmof{Zd¥Îmm¡ M^JdÐÿnËdEd {gÕo… ^OZmZwnn{Îm… VXdñW¡d* B{V dmÀ §, VÌ ^JdËH¥$Vñ ¡dVaV‘^mdñ ¡d pñWVËdmV². ""ñdê$noU AdVmaoU qbJoZ M JwUoZ M VmaVå §Z ñdê$no Xoho dm VpËH«$`mgw dm'' (nw.à.‘.13) B{V lr‘XmMm`m}ŠVm¡‘w»`^ŠVmZm§ ^JdÔohoZ JwUoZ M gmå`‘² ApñV, ^JdXdVmadV² VX²dXod Vofm§àmXw m©dmV². ^JdVm gh Z¥Ë`m{Xgm‘Ï ©ñ` {dÚ‘mZËdmV² {MôZgmå`‘². JwUm…gm¡ÝX`m©X`… VËgmå`ÝVw ñnï>‘od ""~«ô‘¡d gZ² ~«ô‘ Aß o{V'' (~¥h.Cn.4&4&6)

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B{V lwVo…. Ed§ ^JdËgmå o@{n ^JdËH¥$V§ VÌ VmaVå`‘² ApñV B{V ‘ÝVì`‘²,CËH$fm©nH$f©d¡{MÍ oU {dZm gå`J²a‘Um{gÕo…. AVEd AJ«o Amhþ… lr‘XmMm ©MaUm…""VWm{n `mdVm H$m ª VmdV² Vñ` H$amo{V {h'' (nw.à.‘.14) B{V. AVEd~mbbrbmX`mo wŠVê$nm… ^dpÝV B{V {XH²$.

Ed§ g{V gwIoZ OZmonn{Îm…, VoZ nw{ï>-nw{ï>nw{ï>-‘`m©Xm M B{V A{YH$maÌ o`Wm`mo½`m{YH$mao {gÕo Abm¡{H$H$gm‘Ï`ª nwéfmoÎm‘gm`wÁ`§ godmon`mo{JXohmod¡Hw$ÊR>m{Xfw B{V godm’$bmoŠV§ `Wm`mo½ § ’$b§ ^{dî`{V B{V ^md…. ^md… B{V,lwVo… ^md… B{V AW©…. nwZ… Ame§H$ÝVo ZZw B{V. ^OZ‘mÌn ©dgm{`Zr B{V,""Vñ‘mX² ‘X² pŠV wŠVñ` `mo{JZmo d¡ ‘XmË‘Zmo Z kmZ§ ZM d¡am½ § àm`…lo mo ^doX² Bh'' (^mJ.nwam.11&20&31) BË`m{XdmŠ ¡… H$‘©kmZmonmgZmXrZm‘²Aà`moOH$ËdmX² ^OZ‘mÌn`©dgm`r B{V AW©…, Vpñ‘Z². nw{ï>‘mJ} B{V, nw{ï>…nmofU‘² AZwJ«h… B{V `mdV², ""nmofU§ VXZwJ«h…'' (^mJ.nwam.2&10&4) B{VCŠVo…. "‘mJ©'nX{ZépŠVñVw nyd©dX² ko m. {ZdË ©Xmofm^mdmX² B{V, {ZdË`m©Zm‘²A{dÚm{XJwUmZm§

VXZwnn{Îm…* B{V MoX² Z, VÌm{n nwéfmoÎm‘m§emZm§ Vofm§ brbmWª VVmo{d wŠVmZm§ nwZ… gå~ÝYoZ ’$bmZw mdmWª ^OZñ` Amdí`H$ËdmV².

H$m‘mXrZm§ Xmofê$nmUm§ {ZdË ©ËdoZ A^mdmX² B{V AW©…. ""A{n MoV² gwXwamMmamo^OVo ‘m‘² AZÝ`^mH²$ gmYwaod g ‘ÝVì`… gå`J² ì`d{gVmo {h g…''(^J.JrVm.9&30) B{V lr‘X²^JdXwŠVo…; AOm{‘bmXm¡ (VWm)Xe©ZmV² M.VXZwnn{Îm… B{V VWmM AmH$pñ‘Ho$ lo {g {gÕo OZà`moOZm^mdmX² OZmZwnn{Îm…B{V AW©…. Z B{V {Z{fÜ` g‘mXYVo VÌm{n B{V, {ZdË`©Xmofm^mdo@{n Vofm§OrdmZm§ VV… nwéfmoÎm‘mX² {d`wŠVmZm§ nwZ… ^JdËgå~ÝYoZ VXZw^mdmW©H$ËdoZ’$bmZw d… à`moOZ§, `Vmo brbmW©‘od ^JdVm {d wŠVm… H¥$Vm…, VXWª ^OZñ`Amdí`H$ËdoZ gà`moOZH$ËdmZwnn{Îm… B{V AW©…. ZM *V{h© A{dÚm{Zd¥Î`Wª MB{V AZwnnÝZ‘²* B{V dmÀ`§, VpÝZd¥Îmmdod ’$bmZw^dmV². ZM *amgbrbm`m§H$m‘mXrZm‘² Ano{jVËdmX² Z VpÝZd¥{Îm…* B{V dmÀ §, Vñ`m… VX²JwUmZm§ M VÌAbm¡{H$H$ËdoZ bm¡{H$H$m`m… Vñ`m… {Zd¥Îmo…. ""{l`m nwï>çm {Jam H$mÝË`m H$sË`m©

Vwï>çm Bb`m D$O©`m {dÚ`m A{dÚ`m eŠË`m ‘m``m M {Zfo{dV‘²''(^mJ.nwam.10&39&55) B{V CŠVo…. ZM *Vñ`m… ~ÝYZ¡H$ñd^mdËdoZ VÌ pñWVm`m…~ÝY… gå^d{V* B{V dmÀ`§, bm¡{H$H$ñd^md§ Ë`ŠËdm Abm¡{H$H$V`m Vñ`m…pñWVo…, ""{dbÁO‘mZ`m ñ` ñWmVw‘² B©jmnWo A‘w m'' (^mJ.nwam.2&5&13)B{V CŠVo… VX{Yð>mÍ`m… ‘m`m`m… VÌ {dbÁO‘mZËd§ VXm qH$ dmÀ`‘² A{dÚm`m…VWmM g^`V`m gbÁOV`m M ñdñd^md§ Ë`ŠËdm `mdX²amgbrbmH$m`ªVXZwHy$b‘od H$amo{V ""^JdmZ{n Vm… amÌr… eaXmoË’w$ëb‘pëbH$m… drú`aÝVw§ ‘Z… MH«o$ `moJ‘m`m‘² Cnm{lV…'' (^mJ.nwam.10&26&1) B{V Z H$mo@{ne§H$mboe…. VWmM bm¡{H$H$ñd^mdm`m… Vñ`mñVw {Zd¥{Îmaod C{MVm, VpÝZd¥Î`^mdo’$bmZw dm{gÕo…. AV… VpÝZd¥Îmo… Amdí`H$ËdoZ VXWª ^OZñ` Amdí`H$ËdmV²VXwnn{Îm… wŠVo{V VX² AZdÚ‘².

Ed§ g{V ^OZñ` A{dÚm{Zd¥Î`W©ËdoZ ’$bmZw dmW©ËdoZ M

*ZZw Ed§ ^OZñ` gmYZËdo nw{ï>‘mJ©ËdmZwnn{Îm…* B{V MoX² Z, ^OZñ`^mdê$nËdoZ ’$bê$nËdmV² Vñ` gmYZËdo@{n Z j{V…,

gmYZËdmnÎmm¡ Ame§H$ÝVo ZZw B{V. VWmM Vñ` gmYZËdoZ ’$bñ` VËgmÜ`ËdoZnwï²>çoH$gmÜ`Ëdm^mV² nwï>o… ‘mJ©ñ` AZwnn{Îm…. VoZ ‘mJ}U ^Jd{V J‘Zm^mdmX²B{V AW©…. Z{h nw{ï>… ñdH¥${VgmÜ`m ^d{V {H$ÝVw ^Jd{XÀN>¡H$gmÜ`mamOg odH$`m o [ ad. AVm o `m {Z…gmYZ’$bm g ¡d n w {ï > …. AV…H$‘©kmZmonmgZm{X‘X² OZñ`m{n gmYZËdoZ nw{ï>‘mJ©ñ` VXgmÜ`ËdmV² VXZwnn{Îm…B{V ^md…. Z B{V {Z{fÜ` g‘mXYVo ^OZñ` VÌ ^mdê$nËdoZ B{V, ^OZÄM"^pŠV'eãXdmÀ`m {H«$`m ""àH¥${VàË``m¡ gh AWª ~«yV… V`moñVw àË``…àmYmÝ oZ'' (`WmoŠV‘²) B{V {Z`‘mX² AÌ YmVwgm‘mÝ`mW} eŠVmo@{n "pŠVZ²'àË``mo"^{O'g‘{^ì`mhmamV² àmÜ`mÝ oZ OZ{H«$`m§ dpŠV. gmM godmpË‘H$m "godm'nXÄMgmVË`m^rjÊ`mÝ`Va-nyd©H$-H$m{`H$ì`mnma-{deofê$n-n[aM`m©ê$no ê$T>‘²."ñÌrgodm'-"Am¡fYgodm' BË`m{Xà`moJXe©ZmV². ""‘Ëgod`m àVrVÄM...''(^mJ.nwam.9&4&67) BË`m{XñdVÝÌgodm~moYH$dmŠ ¡… VXdJ‘mV². Ho$db{H«$`m`m…ObVmS>Zm{XdX² {Zî’$bËdoZ VÌ ào‘nyd©H$Ëd‘² A{^ì`ZpŠV "^pŠV'eãX….

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""‘Ëgod`m àVrVÄM...'' BË`m{XdmŠ`of w gd©Xm n yU ©Ëdm{XH$WZmV²ào‘nyd©H$Ëdñ`m{n bm^mV². ""derHw$d©pÝV ‘m§ ŠVm… gpËñÌ`… gËnqV Wm''(^mJ.nwam.9&4&66) BË`mXmd{n Xån{VÑï>mÝVoZ Vëbm^mV². AÝ`WmH$m`ŠboeOZH$ËdoZ ñdV… nwéfmW©ËdmopŠV^§Jàg§JmV². Ed§ g{V àoåUEdà`moOH$ËdoZ àË``mW©ËdoZ M àmYmÝ`mX² ^OZñ` VX²ê$nËdoZ ^mdê$nËd§, Vñ`‘ZmoY‘©ËdmX² B{V ì`mH$aUemñÌga{U…. ""gm nam AZwapŠV… B©ídao''(empÊS>.^.gy.1&2) B{V empÊS>ë`gyÌmX² AZwapŠVê$nm`m… Vñ`m… ^mdê$nËdoZVX²dmÀ`mW} A{^ì`L²>½`V`m ^OZñ`m{n VWm `Vmo ^mdê$nËd‘² AVEdgmYZê$nËd§ ’$bê$nËd‘² C^`‘{n gå^d{V, mdo {gÕo AJ«o ’$bñ` VX{V[aŠVñ`A^mdmV ², ""A{Z{‘Îmm ^mJdVr ^pŠV… {gÕo… Jar`gr''(^mJ.nwam.3&25&33) B{V VËñdê$nbjUmV². VÀM ào‘ pŠVagñ` e¥§Jmaagñ`ñWm{`^mdê$n‘². ^mdbjUÄM agmZwHy$bmo {dH$mamo ^md…, ñWm{`Ëd§ M Vñ`Ma‘g‘`n`©ÝVñWm{`ËdmV². AVEd

""nw{ï>‘mJ©… gEd `Ì ’$bËdoZ ñd`‘od gmYZ‘²'' B{V AgH¥$X² CŠV‘²AmMm £…. AVEd nydª àmXw y© g§ moJmZw d§ H$ma{`Ëdm

nwï>mnwï>mÝ`VaËdoZ Vñ ¡d ’$bgmYZmÝ`Vaê$nËd‘². Anwï>mo mdê$n… nwï>mo agê$n…B{V agemñÌ‘`m©Xm, ""ñWm`r mdmo ag… ñ‘¥V…'' (Ð.:^a.Zm.7&8) B{V CŠVo….VWmM nwï>mnwï>mo^`Xem`m‘{n Z agËdj{V[a{V `Wm nyd©‘² A§Hw$[aVñ` d¥jñ`àm¡T>Xemd¥Îmmd{Y… d¥jpñW{V… B{V VX² Amhþ… Vñ` gmYZËdo@{n Z j{V… B{V,Vñ` ’$bê$nñ` gmYZËdo@{n Z ’$bê$nVmj{V… B{V AW©…. VWmM agê$n§ ’$b§VÀM VXod nyd© mdê$n§ yËdm ñdH$m ª gmY`{V BË`V… Vñ ¡d AdñWmÛ`‘² B{V~moÜ`‘². dñVwVmo àoåUmo AdñWmÌ`§ ^d{V : ào‘ AmgpŠV… ì`gZ§ M B{V.AVEd lr‘XmMm ©MaUm… ""VV… ào‘ VWm AmgpŠV… ì`gZ§ M `Xm ^doX²''(^.d.3) B{V Amhþ…. nw{ï>‘mJ©… gEd B{V. `Ì ’$b§ ñd`‘od gmYZ‘² B{V B{V.A`‘² AW©… : `Xm{h ^JdmZ² AZwJ¥ôUm{V Z{h VÌ gmYZmnojm {H$ÝVw ‘hVmgmYZoZm{n Abä`‘{n {Z…gmYZV ¡d Ho$db§ JdËàgmXoZ¡d bä § d{V, ""{H$‘²Abä § Jd{V àgÝZo lr{ZHo$VZo'' (^mJ.nwam.10&36&2) B{V CŠVo…. VWmMAZwJ¥h² ^JdmZ² ’$b‘od XXm{V. VÀM Xmof~mhþë`mV² nyd©‘² An[anyUm} yËdm

VpÝZd¥{Îmê$n§ gmYZH$m ª H¥$Ëdm nwZ… nyU©V`m agê$nmo ^d{V B{V ^md…. VÀM^mdê$n§ agê$n§ M ’$b§ JdmZod B{V amÕmÝVmo, ""agmo d¡ g…'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&7)B{VlwVo…, ""ñWm`r ^mdmo ag… ñ‘¥V…'' (VÌ¡d) B{V CŠVo… M. ^mdê$nËdoZ’$bê$nËdoZ M gmYZ’$bmo `ê$nËd‘{n ^Jd{V {gÕ‘². AVEd{h ""^JdmZod{h ’$b‘²'' (nw.à.‘.17) B{V lr‘XmMm`©MaUm…. AV… gwð w > CŠV§lr‘X²h[aam`MaU¡a{n ’$b§ ñd`‘od B{V, ñd`§ ^JdmZod B{V AW©….""ñdñdê$n~boZ ñdànmU§ nw{ï>… B{V CÀ`Vo'' (AUw m.3&3&29) B{V ""JVo…AW©dÎd‘²'' (~«.gy.3&3&29) B{V gyÌ^mî o@{n. VWmM ""gmYZmZnojËdo@{ngmYZmZÝ`’$bm nw{ï>…'' B{V bjU§ ~moÜ`‘². e‘X‘m{XgmYZì`md¥Î`Wª"gË`'ÝV§ nX‘². ZM *AÌ ldUmXrZm§ gmYZËd‘²* B{V dmÀ`§, Vofm‘{n AÌàoåUm A{dZm^m{dËdoZ ’$bê$nËdmV² nm¡dmn }Um{n

{dahoU AmÝVa^OZ§ gånmX{`Vw§ ^JdVEd ‘WwamJ‘Zê$nË`mJ… CÀ`Vo. *ZZw A§eËdo@{n OrdmZm§ VXmË‘H$ËdoZ AÝ`yZËdmX² ^OZmZwnn{Îm…

VXdñW¡d* B{V MoX² Z, ""~hþ ñ`m§... '' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&3) B{V lwVo…H«$sS>mWª VWm Am{d^m©dmX² Z AZwnn{Îm… H$m{MV². ZZw Ed§ VWm{n AZwnn{Îm…B{V MoX² Z, Ý yZËd{d{eï>ñ ¡d Vñ` Am{d^m©dmV².

*ZZw VXm BÀN>m`m… H$aUËdmZwnn{Îm…* B{V MoX² Z, BÀN>m`m… {h

gå^dmV² M. VÌ à‘mU‘² AmMm`m}pŠV… B{V Amhþ… AgH¥$X² CŠV‘² AmMm £…B{V, gw~mo{YÝ`mXm¡ CŠV‘² B{V AW©…. EVXod brbm{ZXe©ZoZ Cnï>å^`ÝV… Amhþ…AVEd B{V. CÀ`Vo lr^mJdVmXm¡ CÀ`Vo B{V AW©….

nwZ… Ame§H$m‘² Amhþ… ZZw A§eËdo@{n B{V, gmå`mV² goì`godH$^mdm^mdoZVXZwnn{Îm… B{V AW©…. Z B{V {Z{fÜ` g‘mXYVo ~hþ ñ`m‘² B{V, Ý`yZgÎdogoì`godH$^md{gÕm¡ Z AZwnn{Îm… VXdñWm B{V AW©…. *ZZw g¥ï>m¡ CÀMZrM^mdoZàmXw^m©doÀN>m ZVw ‘wpŠVXem`m‘² AVmo Ý`yZËdñ` AdmñVdËdmX² ‘wpŠVXem`m§OrdÝ‘wŠVm¡ gmå`‘² AÝ`Wm b`B{V goì`goì`H$^mdmZdgaoU ^OZmZwnn{Îm…VXdñW¡d* B{V Ame§H$ÝVo ZZw Ed‘² B{V. Z B{V {Z{fÜ` g‘mXYVoÝ yZËd{d{eï>ñ ¡d B{V. Vñ` B{V, Ordñ` B{V AW©…. àW‘Vmo Ad{Yn ©ÝV§nw{ï>g¥{ï>ËdoZ¡d JdVm {dMm[aVËdmX² B{V md…. ""Ef C h² od gmYw H$‘© H$ma`{V

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gmH$ma ~«÷dmXV§ `‘² Eä`mo bmoHo$ä`… CpÝZZrf{V, Ef C h² od AgmYw H$‘© H$ma`{V V§ `‘²AYmo {ZZrf{V'' (H$m¡{f.Cn.3&8) BË`m{XlwVo…. AÝ`Wm pŠV‘mJm}ÀN>oXàg§JoZ""‘Ëgod`m àVrV§ M'' (^mJ.nwam.9&4&67) BË`m{XdMZì`mH$monmnmVmV².

ZZw Ed§ g{V Ý yZËdñ` dmñVdËdo VÌ dñVwñd^mdEd H$maU§ ZVw BÀN>m B{VAme oZ Ame§H$m‘² Amhþ… ZZw B{V. Z B{V {Z{fÜ` g‘mYmZ‘² Amhþ… BÀN>m`m…B{V, dñVwñd^mdmo@{n BÀN>mH¥$VEd dñVwZmo@{n

Am{d^m©do H$maUËd§ Z ñdê$nmÝ`WmH¥$Vm¡. Vñ‘mX² ‘wŠVmd{n H$m¡ñVw ê$noUpñW{V[a{V ^yfUê$nËdoZ Ý`yZVm`m‘² AÝ`ñ` VWmËdo qH$ dmÀ`‘² B{VH¡$‘w{VH$Ý`m oZ VXmË‘H$Ëdo@{n VX§eËdoZ Ý yZËd§ dmñVdËd‘od B{V md….AVEd A§emZm‘² An[a{‘VmZm§ g¥ï>m¡ dpôZ{dñ’w$qbJdV² {ZJ©‘o@{n ZÝ`yZVm. hñVmX² hñVmÝVapñWVm{dd gÐÿnànÄMo pñWVËdmX² ZÝ`yZVme§H$m{n B{V AW©….

*ZZw Ed§ OrdmZm§ ghOh ªeËdoZ X¡dmgwa{d^mJ… Vofw H$W‘²?* B{V MoV²H«$sS>mWª V{XÀN>`m B{V J¥hmU. AVEd ’$bXem`m‘{n Ý`yZËdgÎdoZ^OZñ` ’$bVm. AÝ`Wm ñdVÝÌ^pŠV‘mJm}ÀN>oXEd ñ`mV². AVmo OrdofwghOÝ`yZËddX² ~«ô‘{U gdm©{YH$Ëd‘².

*ZZw VWm{n Ý yZm{YH$^md… H$W‘²? A§eËdoZ gÎdmX²* B{V

H$V©¥naVÝÌËdmX² mÑe§ dñVwñdê$n§ mÑe… M ñd^md… VmÑem{d^m©dEd BÀN>m`m…H$maUËd§, ZVw VËñdê$nmÝ`WmH¥$Vm¡…, à`moOZm^mdoZ VmÑeoÀN>m`mEd AgÎdmX²B{V AW©…. Vñ‘mX² B{V, ñdê$nmÝ`WmH¥$Vm¡ BÀN>m`mEd H$maUËdm^mdmX² hoVmo….H$m ¡ñV w^ê$n oU B{V, ""M¡Ë`ñ` VÎd‘² A‘b§ ‘{U‘² Añ` H$ÊR> o''(^mJ.nwam.3&28&28) B{V BË`mÚwŠVo…. H¡$‘w{VH$Ý`m`ñVw ñnï>Ed. ^md… B{V,""~hþ ñ`m§ àOm`o`'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&6&1) B{V lwVo… ^md… B{V AW©…. AWdmñVdËd§ `wŠË`¡d Cnï>å^`pÝV AVEd B{V, dmñVdËdmXod B{V AW©….An[a{‘VmZm‘² Ag§»`mVmZm‘². dpôZ{dñ’w$qbJdX² {ZJ©‘o@{n B{V,AgH¥$pÝZJ©‘o@{n B{V AW©…. Z Ý yZVm B{V, ^Jd{V B{V eof…. VXod Ñï>mÝVoZÐT>`pÝV hñVmX² hñVmÝVapñWVm{dd B{V. Ý`yZVme§H$m{n B{V ñnï>mo AW©….

nwZ… Ame§H$ÝVo ZZw B{V, A§eËdm{deofmX² Xodmgwa{d^mJ… H$W‘² B{V AW©….H«$sS>mW©‘². V{XÀN>`m B{V ñnï>‘².

VÌm{n nyd©nj‘² Amhþ… ZZw VWm{n B{V, Z{h Ho$db§ {d^mJEd {H$ÝVw VÌÝ`yZm{YH$^md…. gM g‘ËdmV² H$W§ gå^d{V B{V AW©….

MoX² AÌ dXm{‘ : ^JdmZ² A^oXoZ H«$sS>mWª ànÄMê$n‘² AmË‘mZ‘²Am{d^m©d`{V. AÌ A`§ àH$ma… : gpÀMXmZÝX§ ~«ô‘, Vñ`M Y‘©ê$n§VpËÌV`mË‘H$‘² Aja‘². Vñ`M {MX§em… Ordm… H«$sS>mW©‘² BÀN>`m H¥$Vm….AÝ`Wm d¡{MÍ`m^mdo H«$sS>m Z ñ`mV². AVEd OS>OrdmÝV`m©{‘fwEH¡$H$m§e{Vamo md… VWoÀN>`m M. AV… g‘w{XVê$nñ` n¥WŠH$aU§ H«$sS>mW©‘².VÌ ‘ybê$noU H«$sS>m ~ÝY‘mojmä`m‘od. VVmo brbm{ZË`Ëd{gÕ`o~ÝY‘mojmd{n {ZË`m¡ dmÀ`m{d{V X¡dmgwa{d^mJ….

VWmM AÌ g‘mYmZ§ dŠVw‘² Amhþ… AÌ dXm{‘ B{V, g‘mYmZ§ H$W`m{‘ B{VAW©…. A oXoZ B{V, H$maUê$n… H$m ©ñdê$n… M ñd`‘odo{V A oXoZ B{V AW©….AÝ`Wm B{V, An¥WŠH$aUo ...d¡{MÍ`m^mdoZ B{V, n¥WŠH$aU§ d¡{MÍ`mW©‘².d¡{MÍ`ÄM AÌ Ý`yZm{YH$^mdê$n‘². VWmM Ý`yZm{YH$^mdê$noU d¡{MÍ`m^mdoZB{V AW©…. AVEd B{V, d¡{MÍ`mXod B{V AW©…. EH¡$H$m§e{Vamo^md… B{V,EH¡$H$m§em{YŠ oZ {Vamo md… B{V AW©…. gpÀMXmZÝXê$nmo AÝV`m©‘r, VXnoj`mOrdo EH$ñ` AmZÝXm§eñ` {Vamo md…. OSo> {MXmZÝX`mo… {Vamo mdB{V EH$m{YŠ`‘²B{V ^md…. VWm BÀN>m M B{V, EH$m{YŠ`m§e{Vamo^mdoÀN>m B{V AW©….VmÑe{Vamo mdñ` ñdVÝÌVm{ZamH$aUmWª MH$ma…. AV… B{V, BÀN>mV… B{V AW©….g‘w{XVê$nñ` B{V, ñdñ` g‘w{XVê$nñ` B{V AW©…. ZZw ñdê$nñ` n¥WŠH¥${V…H$W§ ^doX²? B{V Ame§H$m`m‘² Amhþ… VÌ B{V, ñdê$nñ` nmW©Š o g{V. ZZw VWmg{V ñdñ` ^moŠV¥ËdmZwnn{Îm… B{V MoV² VÌ Amhþ… ‘ybê$noU B{V. H«$sS>m~ÝY‘mojmä`m‘² B{V, H«$sS>m a‘U‘² A{dÚ`m {dÚ`m M B{V AW©…. ZM *V{h©‘ ybê$nñ`m{n ~Õ‘ wŠVËdmä`m § OrdV wë`Vmn{Îm…* B{V dmÀ` §,~Õ‘wŠVì`{V[aŠVñdê$noU¡d Vñ` pñWVËdmX² A§{eËdoZ VX² oXmV² M, ""~Õmo‘wŠV… B{V ì`m»`m JwUVmo ‘o Z dñVwVmo JwUñ` ‘m`m‘ybËdmX² Z ‘o ‘mojmo Z

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~ÝYZ‘²'' B{V ^JdXwŠVo…. VV… B{V, `Vmo ~ÝY‘mojmä`m§ H«$sS>m Vñ‘mX² B{VAW©…. brbm{ZË`Ëd{gÕ o B{V, brbmonH$aUñ` ànÄMñ` brbm`m… M {ZË`ËdmV²VpËgÕ o B{V AW©…. ànÄMñ` JdÐÿnËd{Zê$nUoZ Apñ‘Z² J«ÝWEd nydª {Zê${nV§""VXoVX² Aj § {ZË §

*ZZw VWm{n qH$ X¡dËd‘² AgwaËd§ M?* B{V MoX² CÀ`Vo : g¥ï>m¡ eŠVo…n¥WŠH$aUoZ VËn[aJ¥hrVËd‘² AgwaËd§, ñdn[aJ¥hrVËd§ X¡dËd‘²

OJX², ‘w{Zda, ApIb‘² Am{d^m©d{Vamo^mdOÝ‘Zme{dH$ëndX²''({dîU wn w a m.1&22&60) BË`m{XdmŠ`m{Z ~h ÿ {Z gpÝV B{V {XH ² $ .^mî`{Z~ÝY{dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zm{Xfw {dñVaoU {Zê${nV§ lr‘XmMm`©MaU¡…. AV… BVmoA{YH$àoßgmdX²{^… VÌ Ðï>ì`‘². CnH$aUñ` {ZË`ËdmX² brbm`m… {ZË`Ëd§H¡$‘w{VH$Ý`m`{gÕ‘². AÝ`Wm CnH$aU{ZË`Ëdd¡`Ï`m©nmVmX² ^JdX²^moŠV¥Ëdñ`A{ZË`VmnÎmo… M. brbm`m… {ZË`ËdÝVw ""O`{V OZ{Zdmgmo XodH$sOÝ‘dmXmo`Xwdan[afËgw Xm¡{^©… Añ`Z² AY‘ª pñWaMad¥{OZ¿Z… gwpñ‘V… lr‘wIoZd«Onwad{ZVmZm§ dY©`Z² H$m‘Xod‘²'' (^mJ.nwam.10&87&48) B{V dmŠ`o"O`{V'B{V dV©‘mZà`moJoU "Añ`Z²'-"dY© Z²' B{V M eÌÝVnXmä`m§ dV©‘mZËd§lrewH¡$… CŠV‘² BË`m{X {dd¥V§ {dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zo lr‘X²{dÆ>bmMm ©MaU¡… J«ÝW{dñVa{^`mAÌ Z ànÄÀ`Vo B{V {XH²$. Ed§ g{V brbm`m… {ZË`ËdoZ VpËgÕ o ~ÝY‘mojmd{n{ZË`m¡ dmÀ`m¡, ""EH$ñ ¡d ‘‘ A§eñ` Ordñ ¡d, ‘hm‘Vo, ~ÝYmo Añ` {dÚ`mAZm{X… {dÚ`m M VWm BVa…'' (^mJ.nwam.11&11&4) B{V JdXwŠVo…. VXZÝVa§~Õ‘wŠVd¡bjÊ`{Zê$nUo ""`mo A{dÚ`m wH²$ gVw {ZË`~Õ… {dÚm‘`mo `…gVw {ZË`‘wŠV…'' (^mJ.nwam.11&11&7) B{V CŠVo… M. B{V B{V, ~Õ‘wŠVàH$maoUB{V AW©…. B{V X¡dmgwa{d^mJ… B{V. Ú{n A§eËdoZ g‘Ëd§ VWm{n ~ÝY‘mojmä`m§ZrMmoÀMËdñ` gÎdmX² BÀN>`m H«$sS>mWª X¡dmgwa{d^mJ… B{V ^md….

X¡dËdñ` AmgwaËdñ` M bjU§ dŠVw‘² Ame§H$ÝVo ZZw B{V, CÀ`V o B{VVëbjU§ H$Ï`Vo B{V AW©…. g¥ï>m¡ B{V. eŠVo… n¥WŠH$aUoZ B{V, H$m`m©WªeŠVo… ‘m`m`m… n¥WŠH$aU‘². nmW©Š`ÄM "Ah§'-"‘‘' BË`m{XH$m } AZw‘r`Vo.VËn[aJ¥hrVËd‘ ² B{V, epŠVn[aJ¥hrVËd‘² B{V AW©…. VWmM Z Vo H$Xm{n‘moj‘mJm©Zw`m{`Zmo ^dpÝV-VËà{V~ÝYH$mEdo{V AgwaËd‘² B{V AW©….

ñdn[aJ¥hrVËd‘² B{V, ñdoZ ^JdVm n[aJ¥hrVËd‘² B{V AW©…. n[aJ«hmo {ddmhmo,""deo Hw$d©pÝV ‘m§ ^ŠË`m gpËñÌ`… gËnqV

B{V {ddoH$…. ^JdX§eËdo@{n ‘mohmWª g¥ï>m¡ n¥W½ yVV`m n[aJ¥hrVËdmX²AmgwamUm§ gånwQ>{Z…gm[aVñ` MmoahñVn{VVñ` Cnm`ghò¡… Aàmß`ñ`Ðì`ñ` gånwQ>àdoem^mdBd nwZ… ^Jd{V àdoem^md…. X¡dmZmÝVwH$aH${bVñ` aËZñ` g‘mH¥$Vñ` nwZ… gånwQ>àdoeBd ^Jd{V àdoe….AVEd g¥{ï>‘mÌ‘² AgwamUm§ ^JdVmo, AÝ`X² ‘m``¡d. VËH¥$VoZ ‘mohoZkmZ^pŠVê$nepŠVÛ`H$m`m©^mdoZ gm`wÁ`mgå^dmX² ^JdVm ""‘m‘²Aàmß ¡d...'' (^J.JrVm.16&20) B{V CŠV‘². V`moaod

`Wm'' (^mJ.nwam.9&4&66), ""`‘od Ef… d¥UwVo'' (H$R>mon.1&23) BË`mÚwŠVo….VWmM ^JdVm {ddm{hVm… X¡dm…, ‘m``m {ddm{hVm… Amgwam…, B{V {ddoH$….{ddmhíM Û`moa{n An[aË`mJo à`moOH$…. VWmM ^JdVm n[aJ¥hrVm… Vo H$Xm{n^JdÝV§ Z Ë`OpÝV, JdmZ{n VmZ² H$Xm{n Z Ë`O{V. AÝ`Wm EH$Ì nm{Vd«Ë`hm{Z…AÝ`Ì nwéfËdhm{Z[a{V Z H$Xm{n n[aË`mJ… B{V. X¡dËd§ Xodgå~pÝYËd‘² B{VAW©…. ""gpËñÌ`… gËnqV `Wm'' BË`Ì Û`moa{n "gV²'nXXe©ZmV². Agwa‘m``mo…An[aË`mJñVw ^Jd{XÀN>mH¥$VEd ""‘m‘² Aàmß`¡d, H$m¡ÝVo`, VVmo `mpÝVAY‘m§ J{V‘²'' (^J.JrVm.16&20) B{V CŠVo… B{V {XH²$. EdÄM AmgwamUm§Z H$Xm{n ^JdËàmpßV… ""Z ‘m§ XwîH¥${VZmo ‘yT>m… ànÚÝVo ZamY‘m… ‘m``mAnöVkmZm… Amgwa§ ^md‘² Am{lVm…'' (^J.JrVm.7&15) B{V ^JdXwŠVo….X¡dmZmÝVw gmh{OH$s B{V Ñï>mÝVmä`m‘² CnnmX`ÝV… Amhþ… ^JdX§eËdo@{n B{V^Jd{V àdoe… BË`ÝV§ ñnï>‘². AVEd B{V, MmoahñVn{VVËdmXod B{V AW©….AÝ`X² B{V, AÝ`b`‘{n ‘m``m ‘m`m`m‘od B{V AW©…. VËH¥$V‘mohoZ B{V,‘m`mH ¥ $V‘m oh oZ B{V AW©…. kmZ^pŠVê$nepŠVÛ`H$m`m ©^md oZ B{V,kmZ^pŠVê$nÛ`mo… ^JdÀN>ŠË`mo… H$m`ª gm`wÁ`m{X… VX^mdoZ B{V AW©….gm`wÁ`mgå^dmX² B{V, ^JdËgm` wÁ`mgå^dmX ² B{V AW©…. AV…gm`wÁ`mgå^dmXod B{V, ""‘m‘² Aàmß`¡d, H$m¡ÝVo`, VVmo `mpÝV AY‘m§J{V‘²'' (^J.JrVm.16&20) B{V, AY‘J{VíM ‘m`m`m‘² AÝYÝV‘…àdoeEd,""Agy m©… Zm‘ Vo bmoH$m… AÝYoZ V‘gm d¥Vm VmZ² Vo àoË` A{^JÀN>pÝV oHo$ M AmË‘hZmo… OZm…'' (B©em.Cn.3)

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VËàmpßVhoVwËdoZ Vofw VX^mdmV². VWmM nwéfm§e~rOñ` pñÌ`m§ àdoeoVX²J¥hrVñ` nwZ… nwéfmàdoeBd Vofm§ ^Jd{V Aàdoe…. VWm{n nwÌBdì`dhmamo bmoHo$ doXo M ^JdX§eËd‘² AmXm`¡d. EVoZ àH¥${Vgå~ÝYmX²A§eËd‘{n ì`mdhm[aH${‘d A yX² B{V {Zê${nV‘².

*ZZw VWm{n àH¥$Vo… VÀN>pŠVËdoZ VX{^ÝZm`m… AmZÝXê$nËdoZ VÌà{dï>mZm‘² AmZÝXEdo{V Z H$W§ VËàmpßV…?* B{V MoX² Z, JdVEd AmgwaofwñdmZÝXê$nñ` Vñ`m‘² AàH$Q>ZmV². AV… AmZÝXê$nàmH$Q²>çm^mdmX² ZVofm‘² AmZÝXJÝYmo@{n B{V ~wÕçñd. AÝ`Wm ŠVmZm{‘d AmZÝXê$nXe©ZoX¡doVamUm‘{n AmZÝXmZw^d… ñ`mV². AV… VÐÿnmàmH$Q²>ç‘od VÌ B{V‘ÝVì`‘². AVEd ""‘‘ ‘m`m... '' (^J.JrVm.7&14&) B{V ""amjgr‘²Amgwat M¡d'' B{V

B{V B©emon{ZfÀN®>Vo…. {ZéŠV‘od ì`m»`mVdÝV… Amhþ… V`moaod B{V, V`mo…kmZ^ŠË`moaod. Ed B{V {ZpíMV‘². VËàmpßVhoVwËdo JdËàmpßVhoVwËdo. Vofw Agwaofw.VX^mdmV² kmZ^ŠË`mo… A^mdmX² B{V AW©…. VWmM {Zê${nV‘² BË`ÝV§ ñnï>‘².

nwZ… Ame§H$ÝVo ZZw VWm{n B{V, VWm{n àH¥${Vgå~ÝYo@{n àH¥$Vo… ‘m`m`m…VÀN>pŠVËdoZ VX{^ÝZm`m… JdÀN>pŠVËdoZ JdX{^ÝZm`m… B{V AW©…. VËàmpßV…^JdËàmpßV… B{V AW©…. Z B{V {Z{fÜ` g‘mXYVo ^JdVEd B{V. Vñ`m‘²B{V, ‘m`m`m‘² B{V AW©…. AàH$Q>ZmX² B{V, AàH$Q>Zo BÀN>¡d H$maU‘². AV…AàH$Q>ZmV² Vofm‘² AmgwamUm‘². VÌ ~mYH$`wpŠV‘² Amhþ… AÝ`Wm BË`m{X,AÝ`Wm AmZÝXê$nàmH$Q²>ço g{V X¡dmgwa`mo… oXEd Z ñ`mX² B{V ^md…. AV…{ZéŠV wŠVo…. VÐÿnmàmH$Q²>瑲 AmZÝXê$nñ` AàmH$Q²>瑲 Ed B{V {ZpíMV‘².VÌ ‘m`m`m‘² B{V ‘ÝVì`‘². AÌ Cnï>å^H$‘² Amhþ… AVEd BË`m{X, AVEd{ZéŠV wŠVo… gå‘VËdmXod B{V AW©…. ""X¡dr {h Efm JwU‘`r ‘‘ ‘m`m XwaË``m''(^J.JrVm.7&14) B{V gßV‘mÜ`m o, ""amjgr‘² Amgwat M¡d àH¥$qV

dmŠ`Û`~mo{YVgå~ÝYVX^mdmä`m‘od ^JdVm X¡dmgwa‘m``mo… ^oX…CŠV…. ‘mohmo@{n C^`Ì H$m`©^oXoZ {^ÝZEd, EH$Ì ‘mojmW©‘² AnaÌ~ÝYmW©‘² B{V ~moÕ瑲. AVEd AgÐÿnËd§ Vñ`mB{V ~moYZm` H«y$aËdmWª

"amjgr'Ëd‘{n CŠV‘². Vofm§ ghOH«y$aËdmX² B{V Cnm»`mZo Vofw M bjUËdoZX`m^mdà{VnmXZmV². AVEd ""{dZm new¿ZmX²'' (^mJ.nwam.10&1&4)B{V lr^mJdVo@{n bjU§ Vofm § VXod CŠV‘². H$m`m ©ÝVam^mdm`"‘mo{hZr'Ëd‘{n CŠV‘².

*ZZw àH¥$Vo… àb`o, ^Jd{V b`o, VX²Ûmam Vofm‘{n b`mV² naåna`m^JdËgå~ÝYo H$W§ Z VXmZÝXmZw d…?* B{V MoX² Z, àb o VËgå~ÝYo@{nì`dYmZoZ VXmZÝXmZZw^dmV². AÝ`Wm àb`‘wŠË`mo… ^oXEd Z ñ`mV².àb`ñ ¡d ‘wpŠVËdo ‘wŠË`W©gmYZmZwð>mZà`ËZd¡ Ï`m©-

‘mohZt {lVm…'' (^J.JrVm.9&12) B{V Zd‘mÜ`m o. gå~ÝYVX^mdmä`m‘ ²B{V. ‘‘ ‘m`m B{V, fð²>çm gå~ÝY… CŠV…. àH¥$qV ‘mohZt {lVm… B{V,àH¥${Vgå~ÝYH$WZoZ ñdgå~ÝYm^md… CŠVmo, ‘m``mo… ^oX… CŠV…. ~moÜ`‘²BË`ÝV§ ñnï>‘². AVEd B{V, ‘mohñ` {^ÝZËdmXod B{V AW©…. Vñ`m… B{V,Amgw m©… B{V AW©…. Vofm§ H«y$aËdo ñd^mdEd hoVw… B{V Amhþ… ghOH«y$aËdmX² B{V.B{V Cnm»`mZo B{V V¥Vr`ñH$ÝYo Apñ‘Z² ñWbo gw~mo{YÝ`m… {ddaUoZ VWmà{VnmXZmX² B{V AW©…. AVEd H«y$aËdmXod. Xe‘ñH$ÝYo àW‘mÜ`m`o ""H$…CÎm‘íbmoH$JwUmZwdmXmV² n w‘mZ² {daÁ`oV {dZm new¿ZmX²''(^mJ.nwam.10&1&4) B{V JdX²JwUmZwdmXo d¡am½`‘² Amgwamo md…. VÌ "new¿Z'nXoZH« y$aËdÄM AmgwamUm§ bjU‘² B{V ^md…. AÝ`X{n Cnï>å^H$‘² Amhþ…H$m`m©ÝVam^mdm` B{V, ‘mohm{V[aŠVH$m`m©ÝVam^mdm` B{V AW©…. ‘mo{hZrËd‘ ²B{V, àH¥$qV ‘mo{hZt {lVm… B{V. Efm Amgwar àH¥${V… ‘mo{hÝ od Z AÝ`H$m ©H$Ìu{VX¡ì`m àH¥$Ë`m Añ`m… oXmo@{n CŠV….

AgwamUm§ naåna`m{n AmZÝXmZw dmo Z B{V dŠVw‘² Ame§H$ÝVo ZZw B{V. ZB{V {Z{fÜ` AZZw^dmX² BË`ÝV§ g‘mXYw…. AZZw^do nÎmo…. Z{h H$mo@{nA~m{be… ŠboeoZ ñdb`m` `VVo. AVm o ‘ wpŠV… {^ÝZ¡dñdê$nmZÝXmZw^dê$nm. àb`ñVw H¥$‘rUm{‘d CXad{V©Ëd‘mÌ‘².ñd{df`mZw d… M Z VmdVm AmZÝXmZw d…, Vñ` ^pŠVgmÜ`ËdmV². gmM^pŠV… ñZohê$no{V VXmZt ^JdX²öX`pñW{Vaod. AVEd

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~mYH$ wpŠV‘² Amhþ… AÝ`Wm BË`m{X. àb o AmZÝXmZw do àb`Ed ‘wpŠV… B{VdXo`w… àmÄMmo ZVw àb`‘wŠË`mo… ^oX‘² B{V ^md…. AÝ`X{n ~mYH$‘² Amhþ…àb`ñ ¡d B{V. A~m{beñVw ‘wŠË`Wª `VVo ZVw àb`m` B{V AW©…. àb`ñ`ñdVEd m{dËdmV² à`ËZd¡ Ï`m©n{Îm… B{V AW©…. VËgmYZ{df`H$emñÌd¡ Ï`m©n{Îm…BË`{n AZwgÝYo`‘². Z{h B{V. A~m{be… B{V, ~m{beñVw H$m o@{nñdmê$T>emImoÀN>oXZdX² `VVB{V gå^mdZm VoZ nyd©njJhmª gyM`{V A`‘²"A{n'eãX…. AVmo `ËZ`mo½`m`mo½`^oXmX² ‘wpŠV… gmbmoŠ`m{Xê$nm {^ÝZ¡d.ñdê$nmZÝXmZw dê$nm nw{ï>‘wpŠV…. g¡d Añ‘mH$‘² A{^àoVm B{V Ame oZ Amhþ…ñdê$nmZÝXmZw dê$nm B{V. ZZw àb`ñdê$n§ {H$‘² B{V AmH$m§jm`m‘² Amhþ… àb`ñVwB{V. Vñ` B{V, AmZÝXmZw^dñ` B{V AW©…. ñZohê$nm B{V, ñZohmo ^pŠV…,""gm nam AZwapŠV…...'' (empÊS>.^.gy.1&1&2) BË`m{X{ZéŠVàm‘mÊ`mV².VXmZr‘² B{V, ñZohê$n^pŠVbä`ñdê$nmZÝXmZw d`mo½`m`m§ ‘mojXem`m‘² B{V AW©….^JdX²öX`pñW{V[ad AÌË` Cnï>å^H$‘² Amhþ… AVEd BË`m{X, ""djmo {Zdmg‘²AH$amoV² na‘§ {d^yVo…'' (^mJ.nwam.8&8&25) B{V CŠVo…. AVEd BË`m{X,""gmYdmo öX § ‘h² § gmYyZm§ öX`ÝVw Ah‘². ‘XÝ`V² Vo Z OmZpÝV Z Ah§Voä`mo ‘ZmJ{n''(^mJ.nwam.9&4&68), ""`Wm AYZmo bãYYZo {dZï>oV{MÝV`m AÝ`X² {Z ¥Vmo Z doX'' (^mJ.nwam.10&29&20) BË`mXr{Z B{V AW©….BX‘od ñZohbjU§, ñZohñ` ‘ZmoY‘©ËdmV² VmÑem{YH$mao gånÝZmZm§ ^ŠVmZm‘{nVÐÿnËdmV² Vofm§ öX`pñW{V… gå^m{dV¡d.

A`‘² AW©… : ñZ ohm o {Û{dY… e ¥ §Jmaê$nm o ^pŠVê$n… M. VÌBï >g‘rhmO{ZV‘Zm o {dH ¥ $ {V… An[an yU © a {V… àW‘…. {ÛVr`…‘mhmËå`kmZnyd©H$nX{d{eï>bjU‘{V^oX…. VWmM `Wm agê$nmo ^JdmZ² VWm^ŠVmA{nbúå`mXrZm § VÌ¡d pñW{V…; AVEd ""gmYdm o öX`§ ‘h²`‘²''(^mJ.nwam.9&4&68) BË`m{XdmŠ`m{Z. O`Xodmo@{n ""amYm‘² AmYm`öX`o'' (Jr.Jm o.3&1) B{V CŠVdmZ². AV… àb`o {ZÐm`m{‘dAZoH$OÝ‘Šboemnm`Ed B{V gdª gwñW‘².

{Û{dYagê$nm… d«O^ŠVm… búå`mX`… M e¥§Jmaagê$nm…, H$m¡pÊS>Ý`mX`mo^pŠVagê$nm… ZmaXmX`… M. V ofm § öX` o VÎmËñZ ohê$nm o ^JdmZ ²{d^mdgÄMm[a^mdgmpÎdH¡$… n[anyU©… VÎmÐgbrbm§ H$amoVr{V öX`pñW{V…. Vofm§öX`ñ` ^JdÕm‘ê$nmja~«ô‘ê$nËdmV². n ©dgmZÝVw e¥§JmaEd B{V gyú‘ÑJ²{^…ko ‘². ""gË § kmZ‘² AZÝV§ ~«ô‘, `mo doX {Z{hV§ Jwhm`m§ na‘o ì`mo‘Z², gmoAíZwVo gdm©Z² H$m‘mZ² gh ~«ô‘Um {dnpíMVm'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&1) B{V lwVo….Añ` AW©ñVw : "na…'=nwéfmoÎm‘…, ""CÎm‘… nwéfñVw AÝ`… "na‘mË‘m' B{VCXmöV…'' B{V CŠVo…. namo ‘r`Vo Ñí`Vo AZoZ B{V="na‘…' Vpñ‘Z² "na‘o,"ì`mo‘Z²'=ì`mo‘{Z {d^pŠVbmon… N>mÝXg…. "Jwhm`m§'=ì`m{nd¡Hw$ÊR>mË‘Ho$öX`mH$ me o , gË` § kmZ‘ ² AZÝV § Y‘ © {d{eï > § ~ «ô‘ `m o d oX, gm o"{dnpíMVm'=agbrbm{ZnwUoZ ~«ô‘Um nyU©nwéfmoÎm‘oZ agê$noU gh "gdm©Z²H$m‘mZ²'=ag‘ZmoaWmZ² "AíZwVo'=^w§ŠVo B{V AW©…. EVX² AmZÝX‘`m{YH$aUo{deXrH¥$V§ lr‘XmMm ©MaU¡… B{V {XH²$. EdÄM JdVmo ŠVm{^bmf`m ŠVmA{n^JdX²öX`o pñWVm… B{V ~moÜ`‘². ZM *nyU©ñ` ^JdVmo A{^bmfm^md…* B{VdmÀ`‘², C^`m{^bmfm^mdo ag‘`m©Xm^§Jàg§JmV². ZM A{^bmfm`m§ gË`m§nyU©Ëdj{V… B{V dmÀ`§, ""agmo d¡ g…'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&7) B{V lwË`m ñdñ`agê$nËdoZ agbrbmH$aUñ` Bï>ËdoZ A{^bmfm`mA{n Bï>ËdmV². ^ŠVmZm‘{nñdñdê$nËdoZ A{V{à`ËdoZ M A oXmX² AjVo…. ‘hVmo Adao AÝ`pñ‘Z² A{^bmfm`m§j{VXe©ZmV² nañnam{^bmfm`mÝVw AÝ`moÝ`‘ZmoaWnyaUmW©‘od A{^bmfm, ZVwdñVwgmnojV`o{V agnyaUmW£d gm. AVmo Z nyU©Ëdj{Ve§H$m{n, ""`o `Wm ‘m§ànÚÝVo VmZ² VW¡d ^Om{‘ Ah‘²'' (^J.JrVm.4&11) B{V CŠVo… gd©‘²AZdÚ‘². öX`pñWVm¡ O`XodmoŠV‘{n à‘mU‘² Amhþ… amYm‘² AmYm` B{V,JrVJmo{dÝXe¥§JmaagdU©Zà~ÝYo ""amYm‘² AmYm` öX o VË`mO d«OgwÝXar‘²''

{ZOmMm`m©ZwH$ånmV… g§e`mo@`§ {ZamH¥$V…&h[aXmgoZ Vwî`ÝVw VoZ Vo ñdm{‘Zmo ‘‘&&

B{V lr‘X²dëb^mMm`m©Ýd`Jmoñdm{‘lr‘X²h[aam`{da{MVmo~«ô‘dmX… g‘mpßV‘² AgoYV²

(Jr.Jmo.3&1) B{V CŠVdmZ² O`Xod…. Cng§haÝV Amhþ… AV… B{V, AV…nydm}ŠV wŠË`m Šboemonm`Ed ZVw ‘wpŠVdX² AmZÝXmZw d… B{V ^md….

34 35

g‘mpßV§ Xe©{`Vw‘² Amhþ… {ZOmMm`m©ZwH$ånmV… B{V, {ZOm… M Vo AmMm`m©…M Vofm‘² AZwH$ånm H¥$nm "X`m'nan`m© ê$nm. {Zén{YnaXw…IàhmUoÀN>m M X`m.VWm g§e`{ZamH$aUo ~wÕçm{Xn[al‘ê$nmo `mo Xw…I… VËàhmUoÀN>mê$nm B{VàH¥$Vmon`moJr AW©…. dñVwVñVw H¥$nm`m… gm‘Ï ª ‘hV² ""‘yH§$ H$amo{V dmMmb‘²''(^J.JrVm.‘mhm.) BË`m{X. VWmM g§e`{ZamH$aU‘² AZm`mgoZ gy{MV‘². h[aXmgoZB{V, hao… Xmg… gd©Xw…IhaUhoVmo… JdVmo XmgoZm{n g§e`{ZamH$aUê$n§ Xw…IhaU‘²C{MV‘² B{V ^md…. ""g§e`mË‘m {dZí`{V'' (^J.JrVm.4&40) B{V CŠVo…Vñ` Xw…Iê$nËdoZ VpÝZamH$aUo AZoZ ‘mojmo@nr{V h[aXmgm… na‘H¥$nmbdmo dpÝVB{V gy{MV‘². `Vmo h[añd^mdmEd h[aXmgm…, ""ñd § g‘wÎmr © gwXwñVa§, Úw‘Z²,^dmU©d§ ^r‘‘² AX «gm¡öXm… ^dËnmXmå^moéhZmd‘² AÌ Vo {ZYm` `mVm…gXZwJ«hmo ^dmZ²'' (^mJ.nwam.10&2&31) B{V CŠVo…. `Ûm h[aaod Xmgmo ""ZCÕdmo AÊd{n ‘ÝÝ yZmo X²JwU¡… Z A{X©V… à w…'' (^mJ.nwam.3&4&31), ""ZAh‘² AmË‘mZ‘² Amemgo'' (^mJ.nwam.9&4&64) BË`mÚwŠVo…. hao… {dZmg§e`{ZamH$aUgm‘Ï`m©gå^dmX² h[aaod Xmg… BË`{n gwdM‘². h[adX² Xmg… B{Vdm. ñdm{‘Zmo ‘‘ B{V, AÌ ñdñdm{‘^mdgå~ÝYoZ goì`godH$^md… CŠV….""AmMm`m} ‘m§ {dOmZr`mX²'' (^mJ.nwam.11&17&27) B{V CŠVo… h`m©Mm © mo…A oXmV². AÝ`Wm "h[aXmg…' B{V {déÕ§ ñ`mV², n{VÛ`mnÎmm¡ ì`{^MmamnmVmV².VoZ g§e`{ZamH$aUoZ Vo AmMm`©ê$nm… à^wMaUm… Vwî`ÝVw àgÝZm… ^dÝVw.àgmXH$maUr yVËdmV² Vwï>o… Z H$m{n AÝ`’$bmnojm B{V ^md… B{V.

AZoZ nw{ï>… gy{MVm.

B{V lw{VeVme`mV² à^wda¡… gw{gÕmpÝVVmX²{‘VmX² ApIb~moYZm` {h {‘V… g‘wX²J«pÝWV…&

‘`m gw{deXrH¥$Vmo a{gH$am`JyT>me`…g‘mpßV‘² AJ‘V² ew mo ` Bh V¡… gw{gÕmpÝVV…&&7&&

eídV² àgmXgw‘wI… gH$b… H$boemoZÝXJ¥hm^aU ya² A^dX² {d yË ¡&

g lr‘ZmoO{ZV‘mohZg§k`m@@grZ²‘Ý‘ypÜZ© JmondaÑŠH$‘bà^mdmV²&&8&&

Vofw àgmXgw‘wIofw {H$‘ß`bä §ZmñË`Ì gËgw ^JdËgw `Vmo {h `ñ`m‘²&

gm¡JÝÜ`hrZ‘{n wŠV‘² A yV² gwnwîn§{dÛX²{dh§J{da{VñVw H$Xm{n Z ñ`mV²&&9&&

B{V lr‘pÝZañVna‘V{V{‘a{ZH$a{dH$m{gV‘wam[aMaUa{Vga{géhlrnwéfmoÎm‘mË‘à{V‘y{V©lrdëb^{dÆ>bmMm`m©Ýd`lr‘X²JmonoídamMm`©-

MaUnÙn[aMaUàmßV‘H$aÝX{‘{bÝXm`‘mZoZ AZwMaoUJmoð>rembmonZm‘Ho$Z JmonmbH¥$îUoZ {da{MV§

lr‘X²h[aam`H¥$V~«ô‘dmX{ddaU§g‘mpßV‘² A’$m{UV²

36 37

dmXmdë`m§&&dmXH$Wm&&

(‘§JbmMaUoZ {df`monH«$‘…) {de¡fo… àmH¥$V¡… eyÝ`‘² AàmH¥$V{deofdV²&&Aeofmon{ZfX²doÚ§ na§ ~«ô‘ d § ñVw‘…&&1&&{Zañ` ‘V‘mgwa§ lw{VeV¡… gwVH£$a{n

ñdH$s`h[adË‘©{Z {ZOOZmoÕ¥VmdwÝ‘Zm&&H¥$nmOb{Yamk`m d«OnVo[ahm@dmVaV² g H$mo@{n

h[admŠn{V… ñ’w$aVw ‘o gXm {gÕ o&&2&& Bh Ibw {ZpIb-{ZJ‘ñ‘¥{VnwamUm{X-à‘mUJUà{Vnm{XVna‘nwéfm- W©Ëd-

nwéfmoÎm‘^pŠVVËd-àË`ZrH$-gdm©brH$dm{XàUrV-‘m`mdmX-‘hmV{‘ò-{dò§gZ-ghò{H$aUm{`V-H$éUmem{b-lrdëb^mMm`m©{d^m©{dV-amÕmÝVahñ`ê$n-~«÷ñdê$n{Zê$nH$-à{V^Q>{dKQ>ZnQw>Va-lr‘Xñ‘Ëà^wMaU-a{MVmZdÚ-nÚ‘² Ambåã` {déÕdm{Xì wXñV o dmXH$Wm àñVy Vo :

(~«ô‘U… àmH¥$VY‘m©Zml`Ëdo g{V AàmH¥$VY‘©ê$nËd‘² B{VdmXà{VkmàñVmd…)

àmH¥$VY‘m©Zml`‘àmH¥$V{ZpIbY‘©ê$n{‘{V&&{ZJ‘à{VnmÚ§ `ÎmÀNw>Õ§ gmH¥${V ñVm¡{‘&&1&&

VX² ~«÷ ñVm¡{‘ ñVw{VJmoMa§ H$am o{‘ B{V AÝd`…. {H$å^yV§ VV²?àmH¥$VY‘m©Um‘ ² A{dÚmH$pënVmZm‘² AZml`^yV‘², AàmH¥$Vo ~«÷{UàmH¥$VY‘m©Um‘² A^mdmV². mdo Xmof… H$…? B{V MoX² Z, OrdVwë`Ëdñ ¡d VËdmV².""Z VËg‘… M Aä`{YH$… M Ñí`Vo'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&8) BË`m{Xlw{V{^…VpÝZfoYldUmV².

(~«ô‘{U àmH¥$VY‘m©Um§ H$ënZm Am{dÚH$s{V A{dÚmñdê$n{d‘e©…)

{H$ÄM Vo{h A{dÚmH$pënVm… dmÀ`m…; EdÄM g{V A{dÚm, Ordm{lVmVËH$pënH$m ~«÷m{lVm dm? Z AmÚmo, Ag‘mZml`Y‘©H$ënZo Vñ`m… eŠË`^mdmV²,eŠVm¡ A{Vàg§JmV² M. Z {ÛVr`…, na~«÷{U VX^mdmX² ""EH$ñ ¡d ‘‘ A§eñ`Ordñ ¡d ‘hm‘Vo ~ÝYmo Añ` A{dÚ`m AZm{X… {dÚ`m M VWm BVa…''(^mJ.nwam.11&11&4) B{V dmŠ`mV² M.

{H$ÄM Vñ`m… gËd‘² CV AgÎd§ gXgËd§ dm? Z àW‘mo, {dH$ënmghËdmV².VWm{h gm qH$ {ZË`m Zdm? Z BVamo, An{gÕmÝVmnmVmV². Z àW‘…, VWmËdo@{n~ «÷U… gH$memX ² ^ oX o ""EH$‘od...'' (N > m ÝXm o .Cn.6&2&1)BË`m{Xlw{V{damoYmdVmamV². VVmo A oXo, Vñ` oXnyd©H$Ëd{Z`‘oZ VXä wnJ‘mnÎmo….A^mdñ` à{V`mo{Jà{VnË`m`Îmà{Vn{ÎmH$ËdmV². *ZZw Aàm‘m{UH$mo oXmo Aä wnJVmo~mÜ`V`m Z Xmof‘² Amdh{V* B{V MoX² Z, Vñ`m{n Aàm‘m{UH$ËdoZ d¡narË`‘odqH$ Z ñ`mV²? lw{Vaod V`mo… A oXo ‘mZ‘² B{V MoX² Z, VWm yVlwVo… AZwnbå^mV².

A^oXmo@{n {H$‘² EH$Ëd‘² CV ^oXm^md…? àW‘o@{n g§»`m dm Y‘m©ÝVamodm? Z C^m¡, VÌm{n ^oXm^oX{dH$ënoZ AmË‘ml`mZdñWmÚmnmVmV². AVEd ZBVamo{n. Z {ÛVr`mo, AgV… H$maUËd{ZamH$aUoZ VVmo ~«÷Y‘m©ZwËn{Îmàg§JmV².*ZZw AñVw V{h© gXg{ÛbjUËdnj… V¥Vr`… nyd© mo… XmofmX²* B{V MoX² Z, Vñ`m…VWm^mdo ‘mZm^mdmV². gËdmgËdì`{V[aŠVñ` Añ` ì`mhVo… M. ""nañna{damoYo{h Z àH$mamÝVapñW{V…'' (bm¡{H$.Ý`m.gm.3) B{V Ý`m`mV².

A{nM gm AZm{X… CV gm{X… A{^Yr`Vo? Z AmÚm, AZm{XËdH$ënZo‘mZm^mdmV². Z Anam, gm{XËdñ` ËdÝ‘Vo AZ§JrH$mamV². *ZZw Ed§ A{dÚm`m…H$maUËdm^mdo ànÄMmZwX`àg§JmnÎ`m ~«÷UEd VXwËnÎ`wnnÎmo…* B{V MoX² Z,H$m` ©H$maU`m o … E oH$OmË`^ §Jàg§JmV ², ànÄMê$nH$m` ©ñ` V wÀN>Ëd oZVWm{dYH$maUmdí`å^mdmV². ZM *Vñ‘mXod H$maUmX² A{dÚm ñdrH$Vì`m©* B{VdmÀ §, OJVmo ^JdËH$m ©Ëdmä wnJ‘mV². ZM *gY‘©H$~«ô‘dmXo@{n H$m ©H$maU`mo…EoH$OmË`m^md…* e§Š`…, H$m ©ñ` AjamË‘H$ËdoZ EH$OmVr`Ëdm{damoYmV². Ajañ`H$m ©H$maUmË‘Vm M ""gdª Ibw BX§ ~«÷'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&1), ""g hEVmdmZ² Amg'' (~¥h.Cn.1&4&3), ""EoVXmËå`‘² BX§ gdª... VV² gË`‘²...''(N>mÝXm o.Cn.6&2&7), ""nwéfEd BX§ gdª `X² ^yV§ `V² M ^ì`§''(F$Šg§{h.8&4&17)), ""`X² BX§ {H$ÄM VV² gË`‘² B{V AmMjVo''

38 39

(V¡{Îm.Cn.2&6), ""g AmË‘mZ§ ñd`‘² AHw$éV'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&7), ""g d¡gd©‘² BX§ OJX²'' (‘hm.Zmam.Cn.23&1) BË`m{Xlw{Vghò{gÕm B{V AÝ`Ì{dñVa…. d{U©VÄM EVV² lr‘XmMm`©MaU¡… ""VXod EVËàH$maoU ^d{V B{VlwVo… ‘V‘²'' ({gÕm.‘wŠVm.4) B{V. {H$ÄM ~«ô‘ànÄM`mo… A oX§ ‘Z{g H¥$Ëd¡d""VXZÝ`Ëd‘² "Amaå^U'eãXm{Xä`…'' (~«.gy.2&1&55) B{V ì`mgMaUm…gyÌ`mÄMH«w$…. AVEd ""g amîQ´>‘² A^dX²'' ( . . & & ) BË`m{Xd¡{XH$à`moJ…gÝÑí`Vo.

EV oZ l w {V-VËdg yÌm {X-à‘mUghò‘{n AZmH$b`‘mZm…OJXÝVJ©V^JdÝ‘y{V©^OZ‘² Agh‘mZm… ""OJX² AgË`‘²'' B{V H$W`‘mZm…g‘ñVm… {ZañVm… do{XVì`m….

({gÕmÝVo gXgX²{dbjUm`m… A{dÚm`m… {Zamgm o ZVw^JdÀN>pŠVê$nm`m… Vñ`m…)

ZZw Ed§ g{V A{dÚ¡d qH$ Z A§Jr{H«$`Vo? Z AZmÚ{Zd©MZr`VXZ§JrH$aUo@{n^JdÀN>ŠË`mË‘H$VXwaarH$aUmV². ZM Vñ`m… VWmËdo ‘mZm^md… ""{l`mnwîQ²>`m'' (^mJ.nwam.10&39&55) B{V dmŠ`ñ`¡d à‘mUËdmV². ZM VÌm{n^oXm^oX-gËdmgËdm{X-{dH$ënmdVma…, epŠVepŠV‘Vmo… {^ÝZm{^ÝZËd`mo…à‘mU{gÕËdmV². AV… {gÕ§ àmH¥$VY‘m©Zml`Ëd§ ~«÷U…. VWmM CŠV§ nÙnwamUo""AkËd§ nmadí § M {d{Y oXm{XH§$ VWm, VWm àmH¥$VXohËd§ XohË`mJm{XH§$VWm, AgwamUm§ {d‘mohm` Xmofm… {dîUmo… Z{h Šd{MX²'' (nÙnwam. & & )B{V.

(~«ô‘Umo AàmH¥$VY‘©ê$nËdoZ Z ^OZmeŠ`Vm) *ZZw Ed§ àmH¥$VmàmH¥$VY‘m© mdoZ ~«ô‘Umo {ZY©‘©H$Ëdo ^OZm^md…* BË od‘²

Ame§Š` g‘mYmZ‘² Amhþ… AàmH¥$V{ZpIbY‘©ê$n‘² B{V AàmH¥$Vm…àH¥${Vgå~ÝYeyÝ`m… AmZÝXê$nm… Y‘m©… H$aMaUmX`mo ê$n^yVm… `ñ` B{V.

(~«ô‘Umo AàmH¥$VY‘©ê$nËd§ Z gå^d{V B{V nyd©nj…)

*ZZw Y‘m©Um§ ñdê$nmË‘H$Ëd‘² Agå^{d* B{V MoX² Z, {dH$ënmghËdmV².VWm{h ~«÷Y‘m©… VVmo H${^ÝZm… IZdm? Z AmÚmo, {ZË`ËdoZ AÛ¡Vlw{Vì`mH$monmV².

{H$ÄM ~«÷Um g‘§ Y‘m©Um§ `mo oX… g qH$ H$-1VËñdê$n‘², AmhmopñdX² H$-

2AÝ`moÝ`m^md…, CV H$-3d¡Yå`©‘², H$-4BVaX² dm?

H$-1AmÚo@{n qH$ àË`jJå`… à‘mUmÝVaJå`mo dm? Z AmÚ…, àË`joUY‘©^oXJ«ho Y{‘©U… à{V`mo{JËdoZ Y‘m©ÝV{Z©doeZo A^oXmdJmhZoZ d¡narË`mnÎmo….AZw`mo{J{Z à{V`mo½`{ZdoeZo M ñdê$n^oXËdñ` nm[a^m{fH$ËdàgŠVo…. {ZË`§à{V`mo½`wnpíbîQ>ñ`¡d Vñ` à‘mU{gÕËdoZ {Zîà{V`mo{JHo$ à‘mUmZm{d^m©dmV².AW *à{V`mo{J yV§ ~«÷ {Zê$nUr § Y‘m©Um§ ñdê$n§ oX… B{V CŠVm¡ Z CŠVXmof…*

B{V MoX² Z, {dH$ënmghËdmV². VWm{h Y‘m©Z² à{V à{V`mo{JËd§ ~«÷U… H$píMX²Y‘m} dm ñdê$n§ dm? Z AÝË`…, VmdVmo AW©ñ` ~«÷ñdê$nV`m Y‘m©Um§ ~«÷U…M A^oXn`©dgmZàg§JmV². Zm{n àW‘mo, Y‘m©Z² à{V à{V`mo{JËd§ `V² Vñ`~«÷Y‘©ËdoZ Vpñ‘Z² VËàdoemX² EoŠ`mnÎmo…. {H$ÄM Y‘©ñ` Y{‘©gå~ÝYmdí`H$ËdoZVËgÎd o naånam`m‘ ² AZdpñWV o … VXgÎdmnÎm o a {n AÝVV…ñd^mdgå~ÝYñdrH$m`©V`m Y‘©Y{‘©Umo… nañnañd^mdàdoeoZ A^oXñ`A{Zañ`ËdmV².

Z H$-2{ÛVr`mo AÝ`moÝ`m^md…, gmo{h `ñ‘mX² dmÀ`… Vñ` CŠVarË`mVËñdê$nmÝV…nmVmV². {H$ÄM ~«÷Y‘m©Ý`moÝ`m^mdñ` gÎmmXmËå`à{V`mo{JH$ËdoZVXà{gÕm¡ AË`ÝVmgËà{V`mo{JH$ËdXmofmV², VpËgÕm¡ M ^oXmeŠ`Ëdàg§JmV².ZM *AË`ÝVmgËà{V`mo{JH$Vm Z Xmof…* B{V dmÀ`§, ee{dfmUmÚ^mdñ`m{ngwJ«hËdmnÎmo….

Zm{n H$-3V¥Vr`mo, d¡Yå ©njo Šd{MV² VÀN¥>§Ibm{dlmÝË`ZdpñWË`ZZw yË`mXrZm‘²AZwÎmaUr`ËdmV². Vpñ‘Z² VXZ§JrH$mao oXñ` AmË‘ml`ËdmnÎmo… M.

Zm{n H$-4MVwW©…, Vñ` AXe©ZmV². Z I{ÛVr`mo, Y‘©Ëdì`mKmVmV². A oXmo Zm‘ qH$ oXm^md… CV EH$Ëd‘²?

BË`mÚwŠV{dH$ënXmofì`mHw$bËdmV² M. A oXo AmYmamYo ^mdmZwnn{Îm… B{VVw {MÝË §,

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KQ>m^mdo KQ>m^md… BË`Ìod VXwnnÎmo…. EdÄM g{V Y‘m©Um‘² EH${dkmZoZgd©{dkmZmonnÎm o ànÄMVwë``moJjo‘V`m {ZY©‘©H$‘od ~«÷ à{VnÎmì`‘² B{V MoX²

(~«ô‘Umo AàmH¥$VY‘©ê$nËd§ gå^dË od B{V {gÕmÝVmonnmXZ‘²) CÀ`Vo : g{dÌmbmoH$ñ` VXm{lVY‘©Ëdo@{n VÐÿnËddX² Y‘m©Um§ VXm{lVËdo@{n

VXmË‘H$ËdmonnÎmo…. ZM oXnjr`me§H$mdVmamo, AÛ¡VmJ‘¡aod oXñ` jmarH¥$VËdmV².ZM A oXH$ënmoŠV{dŠënm{XXmof…, VmXmËå`ñ` à‘mU{gÕËdmV². *ZZw Vñ`m{nY‘m©ÝVamH$m§jm`m‘² AZdñWmJm¡ad§ M ñ`mX²* B{V MoX² Z, Y‘m©ÝVañ` à‘mUoZ{gÕm¡ AZdpñWVo… AXyfUËdmX², A{gÕm¡ Aml`m{gÕo… AmnmXZmgå^dmV²Jm¡adm^mdmV² M. *ZZw Ed‘² Aml`ml{`^mdmZwnn{Îm…* B{V MoX² Z, XÎmmoÎmaËdmV².ZM *gy ©OÝ`‘² AmbmoH$mÝVa‘od VÝZ VÐÿn‘²* B{V dmÀ §, oXH$ënZo ‘mZm^mdmX²Jm¡admV² M; Va{UVoOgmo ^mJdVËdoZ {ZË`ËdmV² M, ""`X² Am{XË`JV§ VoO…''(^J.JrVm.15&12) B{V dmŠ`mV². AVEd EVXÝV{Z©Ym` ""àH$meml`dÛmVoOñËdmX²'' (~«.gy.3&2&28) B{V gy{ÌV§ gyÌH$ma¡…. Vñ‘mX² ~«÷Y‘m©… VX²{^ÝZm…A{^ÝZm… M Aä wno m…, ""nam Añ` epŠV…'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&8) BË`m{X oXlwVo…,""EH$‘od...'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) BË`mÚ oXlwVo… M. VWmM C^`{dYlw{V~boZVmÑe‘od VX² dñVw CËn{Îm{gÕ‘² CaarH$aUr`‘² B{V Z nydm}ŠVXyfUJUmdH$me….AVEd lrdëb^mMm`©MaUo ""` AmË‘Zmo Ñí`JwUofw gZ² B{V ì`dñ`Voñdì`{VaoH$Vmo A~wYmo {dZm AZwdmX§ ZM VX² ‘Zr{fV§ gå`J² `V… Ë`ŠV‘²CnmXXV² nw‘mZ²'' (^mJ.nwam.10&3&18) BË`Ì-

AmË‘Zmo ^JdVmo Ñí ofw JwUofw Ho$ebmo‘ZIê$nñnem©{Xfw EH$mo@{nJwU… ñdñ‘mV² gpÀMXmZÝXmË‘H$^JdËñdê$nmX² ì`{VaoH$V…, "ë`~²'bmononÄM‘r, VWmM ì`{VaoH§$ àmß`¡d gZ²; AÝ`Wm EH$ago ~«÷{U{d{dYê$nËd^mZ§ Z ñ`mX² B{V `mo ì`dñ`Vo gmo A~wYmo, Y{‘©J«mhH$‘mZoZewÕñ ¡d ~«÷U… VW¡d {gÕo…. EVXod Amh {dZm B{V dñVwZEd VWmËdmX²AmH$maXe©ZmZÝVa§ `mo ^ŠVH¥$V… ""H$amå~wO‘²...'' BË`m{Xê$nmo dmX…gmo AZwdmX… V§ {dZm VËH$amå~wOm{XH§$ ñdê$nì`{V[aŠVËdoZ ‘Zr{fV§‘Zgm gËdoZ AmH${bV§ Z ^d{V B{V. ZZw àmH¥$Voîd{n ^JdËgå~ÝYmV²gËdmoËnË`m VWmàVrVm¡ Z Xmof… BË`V Amh gå`J² B{V, ""g `Wmg¡ÝYdKZmo AZÝVamo A~mh²`… H¥$ËñZmo agKZ…, Ed§ dm Aao A`‘²

AmË‘m AZÝVamo A~mh² … H¥$ËñZ… àkmZKZ…'' (~¥h.Cn.4&5&13),""Ag§Jmo {h A § nwéf…'' (~¥h.Cn.4&3&15&16), ""AWmV… AmXoemo"Z' B{V "Z' B{V'' (~¥h.Cn.2&3&6) BË`m{Xlw{V{dMmaXem`m§ Ë`ŠV§àmH¥$VY‘©‘² CnmXXX² ^d{V B{V AW©…. V¡… gh gå~ÝYo g{V {h VofwgËdm oËn{Îmgå^mdZmßVñ`¡d Agå^dmV² VXgå^d… B{V ^md…(gw~mo.10&3&18). BË od§ ì`mMjmU¡… A`‘od AW©… g‘{W©V…. AV… {gÕ‘² AàmH¥$VY‘©ê$nËd§

~«÷U….

(EVmÑeñ`¡d ~«ô‘Umo {ZJ‘à{VnmÚËdoZ VWm{dY{gÕmÝVmonnmXZ‘²) *ZZw VWm{n Alm¡V‘² EVX² ^{dî`{V* B{V Ame§Š` n[ahma‘² Amhþ… B{V

{ZJ‘à{VnmÚ‘² B{V. B{V AZoZ CŠVoZ àH$maoU, {ZJ‘¡… doX¡… à{VnmÚ§ {Zê$nUr`‘²B{V AW©…. {ZJ‘ñVw ""nampÄM Im{Z ì`V¥UV² ñd`å^y…'' (H$R>mon.4&1),""AÐoí`‘² AJ«mh²`‘²'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.1&1&6), ""Z VÌ gy`m} ^m{V''(H$R>mon.5&15), ""Anm{UnmXmo OdZmo J«hrVm ní`{V AMjw… g e¥Umo{VAH$U©…'' (ídoVm.Cn.3&19), ""g h CdmM EVÛ¡ VXja§, Jm{J©, ~«m÷Um…A{^dXpÝV AñWyb‘² AZUw Aõñd‘²'' (~¥h.Cn.3&8&8) BË`m{X. ""{Xì`mo{h A‘yV©… nwéf… g ~mh²`mä`ÝVamo {h AOmo AàmUmo {h A‘Zm… ew^«…''(‘wÊS>.Cn.2&1&2), ""Ag§Jmo {h A`§ nwéf…'' (~¥h.Cn.4&3&15&16),""{ZîH$b§ {ZpîH«$ § emÝV§ {ZadÚ§ {ZaÄOZ‘²'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&19), ""`VmodmMmo {ZdV©ÝVo Aàmß` ‘Zgm gh'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&4&5), ""H$píMX² Yra…àË`JmË‘mZ‘² EojV²'' (H$R>mon.4&1), ""g jmÄMH«o$'' (àíZmon.6&3) ""`Vmodm B‘m{Z yVm{Z Om`ÝVo oZ OmVm{Z OrdpÝV V² à`pÝV A{^g§{depÝV''(V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1), ""{dídV… Mjw… CV {dídVmo ‘wImo {dídVmo ~mhþ… CV{dídV… nmV² gå~mhþä`m§ Y‘{V g§nVÌ¡… Úmdm^y‘r OZ`Z² Xod EH$…''(ídoVm.Cn.3&3), ""gd©H$m‘… gd©ag…'' (N>m§Xmo.Cn.3&14&4), ""`… gd©k…gd©epŠV…''( . . & ) ""nam Añ` epŠV… {d{dY¡d ly Vo ñdm^m{dH$skmZ~b{H«$`m M'' (íd oVm.Cn.6&8), ""‘Zg¡d AZwÐîQ>ì`‘²''(~¥h.Cn.4&4&19) BË`m{X… AmH$bZr`…. VWmM g{V Z CŠVXmof… B{V ^md….*ZZw Ed§ Y‘©à{VnmXH$VËàVr{V{ZfoYH$lwVrZm§ nañna{damoYmo Xwîn[aha…* B{V MoX²

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‘m Ed§, ~«÷{U {deofmUm§ {d{Y{ZfoY`mo… à‘mU{gÕËdñ` gm{YVËdoZ {damoYm^mdmV².ZM *AZoH$mJ‘¡H$dmŠ`V`m g{deoflwVo… Aà‘mUËd‘²* B{V dmÀ`‘² AdoX~mh² oZdoXàm‘mÊ`ñ` Šdm{n Ë`ŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdmV², {damoYn[ahmañ` AÝ`Wm{gÕo… M.A{nM lw{VËdm{deofmX² AÝ`Ìm{n VWmËdñ` AdO©Zr`ËdmV².

{H$ÄM {deofm… qH$ H$pënVm… Z dm? Z AmÚ…, H$pënVËdmgå^dñ`àX{e©VËdmV², VËdo VXmnmXH$doX{dàbå^H$Ëdàg§JmV² M. Z BVa…, eY‘m©Um‘²AOÝ`Ëdñ` eaUrH$aUr`ËdmV². AÝ`ÀM H$íMZ {damoYmo A{^Yr`Vo,Y‘©{d{Y{ZfoY`mo… ghmZdñWmZ‘² B{V MoX² Z, AmYma^oXoZ {déÕ`moa{nghmdñWmZXe©ZmV ². AmYma^oXm o@{n dŠVì`… B{V MoX ² dmV ©‘ ² EVX²Aì`mß`d¥{ÎmVmdm{X‘Vo g§`moJmXm¡ VWm{n AZwnnÎmo…, Xoem^oXo@{n àH$ma^oXoZ{damoYñdrH$mamV². *ZZw Aì`mß`d¥{ÎmVmZä`wnJÝV¥‘Vo Xoem^oXoZ ghmZdñWmZ§,VXä` wnJÝV ¥‘V o àH$ ma m^ oX oZ V{Ûam oY… * B{V M oX ² Z, VV ² qH$VX²Û`mdñWmZgm{hË`à{Vjonmo dm VX²Û`mdñWmZà{Vjongm{hË § dm? Z àW‘…,VXw^`mdpñW{Vgm{hË`ñ` à{‘Ë`{df`V`m Aà{gÕà{V`m¡{JH$ËdmnmVmV². ZMBîQ > mn{Îm…, eee¥ §J o à{Vf oY o@{n ee o e ¥ §J“à{Vf oYmË‘Vm onJ‘ oZà{gÕà{V`mo{JH$ËdH«$moS>rH$aUmV². Z AÝË`…, VX²Û`mdñWmZgm{hË`gX² mdñ ¡dCnnÎmo…. VX²Û`m^md`mo… VX²Û`mË‘H$ËdY«m ¡ì`mV². AÝ`Wm AZdñWm`m…X w {Z ©dmaËdmV ². AñV w dm `… H$píMX ² {dam oY… VWm{n Z Bh Agm ¡àmH ¥ $Và{Vf oYmàmH ¥ $V{dYmZmä`m § VX`m oJmV ² . VËgÎd o@{n ~ «÷{U{déÕgd©Y‘m©l`Ëdñ` Aml`Ur`V`m Vñ` AXmofËdmV². ZM AÌ ‘mZm^md…,lw{Vñ‘¥Ë`mÚZoH$VËgÎdmV². VWm{h ""AmË‘m dm Aao ÐîQ>ì`… lmoVì`mo‘ÝVì`…'' (~ ¥h.Cn.2&4&5), ""`Vm o dmMm o {ZdV©ÝV o''(V¡{Îm.Cn.2&4&5),""VX² EO{V VX² Z EO{V'' (em.Cn.5), ""Anm{UnmXmoOdZmo J«hrVm ní`{V AMjw… g e¥Umo{V AH$U©…'' (ídoVm.Cn.3&19),""gd©V… nm{UnmXmÝV§'' (ídoVm.Cn.3&16), ""AUmo… AUr`mZ² ‘hVmo‘hr`mZ²'' (H$R>mon.2&20), ""g‘mo ZmJoZ g‘mo ‘eHo$Z'' (1&3&22),""AñWyb‘² AZUw Aõñd‘²'' (~¥h.Cn.3&8&8) BË`m{X. AV… gwðy>ŠV‘² B{V{ZJ‘à{VnmÚ‘² B{V.

(VXoVX² {ZJ‘à{VnmÚ§ ~«ô‘ ewÕ§ gdm}nm{Y{d{Z‘w©ŠV‘² B{V {gÕmÝVmonnmXZ‘²) *ZZw Ed§ g{V AÝ`Ì {dH$m[aËdXe©ZoZ AÌm{n VWmËd§ ñ`mX²* B{V Ame§H$m`m‘²

Amhþ… ewÕ‘² B{V, A{dH¥$V‘² B{V AW©…. gpÀMXmZÝXê$no ~«÷{U {dH$mamUm‘²A^mdmV², ""gË § {dkmZ‘² AmZÝX§ ~«ô‘'' ( . . & ) B{V lwVo….

(VXoVX² {ZJ‘à{VnmÚ§ ewÕ‘od ~«ô‘ gmH$ma § gdm ©H$ma § dm^ŠV^m{dVmH$ma§ dm B{V {gÕmÝVmonnmXZ‘²)

VXoVV² gH$b‘² ö{X AÝV{Z©Ym` {ZîH${bV‘² Amhþ… gmH¥${V B{V, gmH$ma‘²B{V AW©…. *ZZw AmH$mamUm§ àmH¥$VËdmX² AVWm^yVo Vpñ‘Z² AZdH$memV²,VXbm¡{H$H$ËdmoŠVm¡ ‘mZm^mdmV², Jm¡admV² M, {ZamH$malw{Vì`mH$monmX², CnmgZmWm© m…gmH$malwVo… Am¡nm{YH$VËnaËdmV², VXmZÝË`oZ AÛ¡V^§JmV² g{deofñ`gm{dÌmÚmbmoH$^mñ`Ëd-ì`dhm ©Ëd-MmjwfËd-{H«$`m{X‘Îdm{XZm A~«÷VmnmVmV²,Vñ`M AmJ‘gyÌmÚgå‘VËdmX² BX‘² AZwnnÝZ‘²* B{V MoX² Z, AmH$mamUm‘²Abm¡{H$H$ËdmV². ZM à‘mUm^md… e§Š`…, ""{dídV… Mjw… CV {dídVmo ‘wImo{dídVmo ~mhþ… CV {dídV… nmV²'' (ídoVm.Cn.3&3), ""gË § {dkmZ‘² AmZÝX§~«÷'' ( . . & ), ""gd©V… nm{UnmXmÝV§ gd©Vmo A{j{eamo‘wI§''(ídoVm.Cn.3&16), ""AmZÝX‘mÌH$anmX‘wImoXam{X…'' (?), ""AmZÝX‘`moAä`mgmX²'' (~«.gy.1&1&11) BË`m{Xghòà‘mUgX²^mdmV². Zm{n Jm¡ad‘od~mYH§$, Vofm§ nma‘mËå oH$mËå oZ VX^mdmV², à‘mU~bm`mVñ` Vñ` AVWmËdmV²M. {ZamH$malwVo… bm¡{H$H$VX^mddÎmmà{VnmXZnaËdoZm{n CnnÎmo… A{damoYmV².AÝ`Wm gmH$malwVo… H$m J{V… Am wî‘Vm AÜ`d{gVm? `V… V{ÛamoYmo Z ñ`mV².Zm{n AÝ`Va~mYmo wŠVmo, {d{ZJ‘Zm{dahoU VÌ Vñ` Xwd©MËdmV². ZM *AÛ¡VmZwamoYoZg{deoflw{V~mY… gmYw…* B{V dmÀ`‘², A~mYoZ JVm¡ gË`m§ ~mYñ` AÝ`mæ`ËdmV².AÝ`Wm gdmªeoZ doXàm‘mÊ`‘² Ano mV².

AW *AmH$maà{Vnm{XH$ m… l wV`… V w a r`{Z{d ©e ofËdmdJV`m oA{dÚmH$pënVmH$madm{XÝ`… CnmgZmWª M B{V JVm¡ Z CŠVXmofmdVma… B{V MoX²AÌ ~«y‘mo : {Z{d©eof§ ñdVmo XwadJ‘{‘{V g{deofñ` ^mdZmgwH$aËdoZ Vpñ‘Z²{MÎm{ZíMbËdo VV… VËà{Vn{Îm… B{V {h Vd A{^àm`…. gM A`wŠVmoAÝ`m o Ý`ml`mV ² . VWm{h {Z{d ©e ofVpËgÕm ¡ g{de ofl wV o … VXW ©‘ ²

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AdmñVdVËnaËd{g{Õ… Vñ`m§ M gË`m§ gm B{V. ZM *lw{V~bmV² V{g{Õ…* B{VdmÀ §, Vñ` AÝ`Ìm{n g‘mZËdmV². *ZZw Ed§ {ZamH$maì`dhmañ` CÀN>oX… ñ`mX²*B{V MoX² Z, H${Vn`{deofà{VfoYoZ VXZwÀN>oXgå^dmV². *ZZw {ZfoYmWª {deofmZwdmXmodoX of w, {ZfoYñ` {ZfoÜ`à{VnË`YrZà{Vn{ÎmH$ËdmX² B{V AË`àË`yh‘²A{deofVpËg{Õ…* B{V MoX² ‘m Ed§, {dH$ënmghËdmV². VWm{h AZwdmX… qH$lw{V{gÕmZm‘² CV bmoH${gÕmZm‘²? Z àW‘…, Vofm§ {ZfoYmZh©ËdoZ Añ`Z¡aW©Š`àg§JmV². AÝ`Wm gË`ËdmX`mo@{n ~«÷{U Z g§{gÜ o w…. Vofm§ VmXmËå`mX²Z H$mo@{n Xmof… B{V MoX², BVaofm‘{n VWmËdmXod Z Xmofboemo@{n B{V n[a^md`.Zm{n {ÛVr`m o , {dH$ënmZ wnnÎm o …. VWm{h bm oH${gÕ`mdÕ‘m ©Z wdmXm o`pËH$pÄMÎmÕ‘m©Z wdmXm o dm? Z AmÚ…, BîQ>mnmXZmV². bmoH$à{gÕmZm §X w …pIËdmZreËdmXrZm‘ ² AZwdmXn yd ©H${Zf oYgå^do@{n AVWm^yVmZm §gd}ídaËdmZÝX‘`ËdmXrZm § VX`m oJmV ². AVEd M Z {ÛVr`…. `X{n*AmË‘monmgZmåZmZmV² VXWª lw{Vfw VXmH$maH$WZ‘² AÝ`Wm VXZwnnÎmo[a{V Zna‘mW©V… VWmËd‘²* B{V ‘V§ VX{n Z, AmH$mamUm§ nma‘m{W©H$ËdmX². AÝ`WmVXwnmgZm`m… ’$bmOZH$ËdmnÎmo… AÝ`Wmà{VnÎmo… {ZpÝXVËdmV² M ""`mo AÝ`WmgÝV‘² AmË‘mZ‘² AÝ`Wm à{VnÚVo qH$ VoZ Z H¥$V § nmn§ Mm ¡a oUAmË‘mnhm[aUm'' (‘hm^m.1&68&26) BË`m{XdmŠ`mV². Cnmñ`mdmñVdËdog‘ñVmonmpñVdMgm‘² Aàm‘mÊ`àgŠVo… M. ñVw H$píMX² *AdmñVd~«÷VÎdmonmñVo…’$bmpñVËd§ ‘Ê`m{Xà^m‘ÊS>bVX²~w{Õê$ng§dm{X «‘ÑîQ>mÝVoZ* AmMîQ>o VX² AgX²,ÑîQ>mÝVXmîQ>m©pÝVH$`mo… d¡få`ñ` ñnîQ>ËdmV². ÑîQ>mÝVo «‘mX² AW©{H«$`mgå^do@{nXmîQ>m©pÝVHo$ lw{VnwamUdmŠ`gÝX^£… Cnmñ`Ëdà{‘VV`m VXgå^dmV². EVoZ""Xmé{ebm{Xfw XodVm «‘oU OZmV² ’$b§ Z doX²'' BË`{n {ZamH¥$V‘². VÌm{ngË`^JdËñdê$nm onmgH$mZm‘ od ’$bXe ©ZmV ² , {ZO{df` o à‘m`m…{dnarV{df`~w{Õ~mYH$ËdoZ Xmé{ebm{Xà{‘{VXem`m§ XodVmËd^«‘ñ` ^m{fVw‘²AeŠ`ËdmV² M. *ZZw Ed‘² CnmgZmZm § ZmZm{dY’$bldUoZ ~«÷Um oAZÝVê$nVmä wnJVm¡ AÛ¡V §Jmo Jm¡ad§ M àgÁ oV* B{V MoX² Z, EH$ñ ¡d ^JdVmo`ÑÀN>`m H$m`m©W©‘² Am{d^m©{dVm{d{^ÝZmZoH$‘y{Îm©Ëdñ` à‘mUà{VnÝZËdoZVXZdH$meËdmV². ""AV… na§ Z AÝ`X² AUr`g§ {h namËna§ `X² ‘hVmo ‘hmÝV§`X² EH$‘² Aì`ŠV‘² AZÝVê$n§ {díd§ n wamU§ V‘g… nañVmX²''(‘hmZm.Cn.1&5) B{V lwVo…. VXoVX² A^m{U lrdëb^mMm ©MaU¡… VÎdXrn{Z~ÝYo

""AZÝV‘y{Îm© VX² ~«ô‘ {h A{d^ŠV§ {d^pŠV‘X²'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&26) B{V.EVoZ VXmZÝË oZ AÛ¡V §J… BË`{n {ZamH¥$V‘².

`X{n *gm{dÌmÚmbmoH$^mñ`Ëdm{XZm g{deofËdo A~«ô‘ËdmnmV…* B{VAme§{H$V§ VX² ‘ÝX§, gm{dÌmÚmbmoH$ñ` ^mJdVËdoZ ñdoZ Aä`wnJVËdoZñdmd^mgm{damoYmX² ""`X² Am{XË`JV§ VoOmo OJX² ^mg`Vo ApIb§ `V²MÝБ{g `V² M A½Zm¡ VV² VoOmo {d{Õ ‘m‘H$‘²'' (^J.JrVm.15&12) B{VJrVmdmŠ`mV², gd©ì`dhma{df`Ëdñ`m{n ^JdËH¥$Vñ` Aä wnoVì`ËdmV². ""V§ VwAm¡n{ZfX§ nwéf§ n¥ÀN>m{‘'' (~¥h.Cn.3&92&6) B{V lwVo…, ""àH$medÀMAd¡ Ï`m©V²'' (~«.gy.3&2&15) B{V gyÌmV² M, ì`dhmam{df`VmlwVo… Ordgm‘Ï }ZVWmËdo VmËn ©ñ` dU©Zr`ËdmV² M. MmjwfËdñ` M lw{Vñ‘¥{VgyÌnwamU{gÕñ`à{VfoÕþ‘² AeŠ`ËdmV². VWm{h ""H$píMX² Yra… àË`JmË‘mZ‘² EojX²Amd¥ÎmMjw… A‘¥VËd‘² BÀN>Z²'' (H$R>mon.4&1), ""kmZàgmXoZ {dewÕgËd…VVñVw V§ ní`Vo {ZîH$b§ Ü`m`‘mZ…'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.3&1&8), ""^ŠË`mVwAZÝ``m eŠ`mo Ah‘² Ed§{dYmo, AOw©Z, kmVw§ ÐîQw>§ M VËdoZ àdoîQw>§ MnaÝVn'' (^J.JrVm.11&54), ""A{n g§amYZo àË`jmZw‘mZmä`m‘²''(~«.gy.3&2&24), ""e¥ÊdpÝV Jm`pÝV J¥UpÝV A^rúUe… ñ‘apÝV ZÝXpÝVVd B©{hV§ OZm… VEd ní`pÝV A{MaoU VmdH§$ ^dàdmhmona‘§ nXmå~wO‘²''(^mJ.nwam.1&8&36) BË`m{X. *ZZw EVofm§ Ñí`Ëdm{X{dYm`H$dmŠ`mZm§ ""nampÄMIm{Z'' (H$R>mon.4&1), ""AÐoí`‘² AJ«mh² ‘²'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.1&1&6), ""ZMjwfm J¥h²`Vo Zm{n dmMm'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.1&3&8), ""Z VÌ gy`m} ^m{V''(H$R>mon.5&15) BË`m{XVpÝZfoYdmŠ`¡… g‘§ {damoYmX² EH$mÝVV… H$W‘² BËW§{ZU© …?* B{V MoX² ‘m Ed§, JdËgm‘Ï ©OrdopÝÐ`gm‘Ï`m©ä`m§ VX²Ñí`ËdmÑí`Ëd`mo…gå^doZ dmŠ`mZm§ {‘Wmo{damoYm^mdmV². AVEd JrVm`m§ ""‘`m àgÝZoZ Vd,AOw©Z, BX§ ê$n§ na§ X{e©V‘² AmË‘`moJmV²'' (^J.JrVm.11&47), ""{Xì`§XXm{‘ Vo Mjw… ní` ‘o `moJ‘² Eoída‘²'' (^J.JrVm.11&8) BË`m{XZmñdgm‘Ï`m©{XZ¡d ñdÑí`Ëd‘² AOw©Z§ à{V ^JdmZ² A{^XYo. Ed§ {H«$`m{X‘Ëd‘{n""nam Añ` epŠV… {d{dY¡d ly`Vo ñdm^m{dH$s kmZ~b{H«$`m M''(ídoVm.Cn.6&8) BË`m{XlwË`ZwamoYmX² AdYmaUr`‘².

46 47

EV oZ AmJ‘g yÌmÚgå‘VËd § ì` wXñV § d o {XVì`‘ ². AVEdgH$b‘h{f©‘ÊS>br{eamo‘ÊS>Zm`‘mZ¡… ì`mgMaU¡… ""àH¥$V¡VmdËd§ {h à{VfoY{VVVmo ~«dr{V M ^y`…'' (~«.gy.3&2&13) ""AmZÝX‘`mo Aä`mgmX²''(~«.gy.1&1&11), ""Amh M VÝ‘mÌ‘²'' (~«.gy.3&2&16) BË`m{XgyÌ¡…AmZÝXmH$maËd‘od ~«÷Umo {ZaUm{`. AV… {gÕ§ gmH¥${VËd§ ~«÷U…. EVoZCXr[aVl w {Vñ‘ ¥ {Vg yÌn w a mU‘‘m ©Z{^km… {ZY ©‘ ©H $~ «÷dm{XZm o^ J d X m { X î Q > I Ê S > n a e w à ‘ w I m o n { X î Q > n m f Ê S > n Õ { V lÕ m b d m o^JdX^rîQ>^pŠVdË‘©ÛoîQ>ma… {eîQ>¡… àË`mXoîQ>ì`m…. Vñ‘mV² àmH¥$VY‘m©Z{YH$aU‘²AZÝVmàmH¥$VgH$bY‘m©{YH$aU§ gd© dZg‘Wª Ý`m`mon~¥§{hV{ZpIbdoXdoXmÝVdoÚ§`V² gpÀMXmZÝXmH$ma§ VV² na§ ~«÷ nwéfmoÎm‘m»`§ na‘H$mîR>mnÝZ§ ñVm¡{‘ B{Vn ©d{gV… íbmoH$mWm} öX`mbw{^… Am ©J¥h² ¡… AË`Wª n[a^mdZr`… B{V Ab‘²A{Vnëb{dVoZ.

VmVñ` ZËdm MaUmå~wO§ lrH$ë`mUam`ñ` H¥$nmå~wameo…&&~«÷ñdê$no ñd‘VmZwê$nm§ Jmonoídamo dmXH$Wm‘² AH$mfuV²&&3&&

EVm§ g‘oVm§ gÎmH£$… ñd{gÕmÝVmZwgm[aUr‘²&&H¥$îUmÝV…H$aUm… g§Vmo ‘r‘mgÝVm§ ‘whþ©‘whþ©…&&4&&

B{V lr‘X²dëb^mMm ©MaUmãO‘Ywd«V-lrH$ë`mUam`mË‘O-lrJmonoídaoUH¥$Vm dmXH$Wm gånyUm©

dmXmdë`m§ &&{dJ«hdmX…&&*

(‘§JbmMaUoZ {df`monH«$‘…)

Z‘m{‘ ^JdX²ê$n§ gpÀMXmZÝXny[aV‘²&&H$m`dmL²>‘Zgm eídX² Xodd¥ÝX¡… {Zfo{dV‘²&&1&&

(XodmZm§ ‘ÝÌ‘`ËdoZ {dJ«ham{hË`‘² B{V nyd©nj…) *ZZw AmXm ¡ BX‘ od Ag§JV § `X ² X odmZm § {dJ «hdÎd‘². H w $V:?

‘ÝÌ‘`ËdñdrH$mamV². VWm{h : Vñ` ‘Ü`‘n[a‘mUdÎd{Z`‘oZ EH$H$mbmdÀN>oXoZgdm©dmhZo VW¡d Amhþ{VXmZo Vofm§ J«hUmgm‘Ï ©dÎdoZ VWmËdmV². AÝ`ÀM d¥ÌdYm`AmaãY‘IoZ eV‘IoZ ""BÝÐm` ñdmhm'' (V¡{Îm.g§{h.1&4&28&2) B{V CŠVoVX²{^ÝZoÝÐñdrH$mamV². *ZZw BîQ>mnÎ`m AZdñWmnÎmo…, Z CŠV§ ^{dî`{V* B{VMoX² {d{YÝ`yZV`m ’$bmZdmpßV:, Vñ` ’$bmdmßË`W©‘od VËH$aUmV². Vñ‘mX²CŠVXyfUnamhË ¡ ‘ÝÌ‘`ËdñdrH$mañVw Amdí`H$…* B{V MoX²,

(XodmZm§ Ho$db§ ‘ÝÌ‘`Ëd‘² B{V njñ` {ZagZm` AZwnnÎm`…{dJ«hdÎdmonnÎm`… M)

Z, ""g Z… BÝÐ: H$m‘da§ XXmVw''(V¡{Îm.Ama.3&11&8), ""gEd EZ§ yqVJ‘`{V'' (V¡{Îm.g§{h.2&1&5&5), ""V¥ßVEd EZ‘² BÝÐ: àO`m new{^… MVn© {V'' (V¡{Îm.g§{h.2&5&4&3) ""BÝÐmo ‘m`m{^:

*CnbãYmgw gdm©gw ‘mV¥H$mgw J«ÝWH$Ìm© dm {bpIVofw AZw{b{nH$Ìm© dmH$pënVofw dmŠ`ofw AZmH$m§{jVmZm§ nXdmŠ`mZm§ à`moJm{VaoHo$U {dd{jVmW©~moYoAVrdH$m{R>Ý`‘² AZw^y` J«ÝWH$Vw©íM gwd¡Xwî`nyU©{df`monÝ`mg§ M g‘dYm`©Šd{MV²-Šd{MX² AZno{jVnXdmŠ`mZm§ g§emoYZn[adV©Zo H¥$Vo B{V {dkmn`Z² jå`mo{h A § gånmXH$….nwéê$n B© V'' (~¥h.Cn.2&5&19) BË`m{Xlw{Vì`mH$monmV². VWm{h ‘ÝÌmUm§ OS>ËdoVÝ‘`mZm‘{n VÎdoZ H$m‘daXmZo V¥ßVm¡ M Ag‘W©ËdmX². Ahë`m§ H$m‘`‘mZñ`

48 49

ghòÑemo Jm¡V‘mJ‘Zo {ZîH«$‘Um` AmßVê$nmÝVañ` VVmo {ZîH«$‘Umgm‘Ï`m©V²,Z{h KQ>: nQ>mo ^d{V OS>ËdmX², AV… V¥ßË`mÚWª {dJ«hdÎdm{XñdrH$mañ`Amdí`H$ËdmV². ZM nydm}ŠVXyfUmn{Îm… B{V dmÀ §, dú`‘mUarË`m VËg‘yhñ`{ZañVËdmV². VWm{h ""EH$‘od AÛ § ~«ô‘'' (Jmonm.Cn.2&15), ""gdª IbwBX§ ~«ô‘'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&1), ""nwéfEd BX§ gdª'' (F$Šg§{h.10&90&2),""Z Bh ZmZm ApñV {H$ÄMZ'' (~¥h.Cn.4&4&19) BË`m{XlwË`m gd©ñ`{MXmË‘H$Ëd‘² AdYm ©Vo B{VVw {Z{d©dmX§, ñdZm‘ì wËnË`m M, Ed§ g{V "gd©'nXñ`Ag§Hw${MVd¥{ÎmV`m AÌ VËd§ ZmÌ VËd‘² B{V dŠVw‘² AeŠ`‘² ""AmZÝX§ ~«ô‘Umoê$n‘²'' (?), ""gpÀMXmZÝX§ ...~«ô‘'' (Z¥.C.Vm.Cn.4&2), ""AmZÝXmo~«ô‘ B{V ì`OmZmV²'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&6) B{V lwË`m Vñ`M ñdê$n §gpÀMXmZÝXmË‘H$‘².

VÌM A§eÌ`§ gËd§ {MËd‘² AmZÝXËd‘² M B{V ^oXoZ. VÌ gX§e‘mÌoUOS>m:, CX²^yVgpÀMX§eoZ Ordm: VÝ‘Ü`nm{VZmo XodmAnr{V {dJ«hdÎd‘²,nyU©{ÌV`m§e: ñd`‘od B{V.

(~«ô‘m§eH$ënZ‘² AZmdí`H$‘² B{V à{V{~å~dmXg‘ml`UoZ e§H$m) *ZZw Ordñ` A§eÛ`dÎd§ VXm Xm {H$b A§eËd§, VXod Agå^{d. Ho$fmpÄMX²

‘Vo A{dÚm`m§ Vñ` ~«ô‘à{V{~å~ËdñdrH$mamX² Xn©UmXm¡ ‘wIà{V{~å~dV²; g§JVíMA`§ nj:. VWm{h Vñ` A§eËdÝVw ""`Wm A½Zo: jwÐm {dñ’w$qbJm:''(~¥h.Cn.2&1&20), ""‘‘¡d A§emo OrdbmoHo$'' (^J.JrVm.15&7), ""A§emoZmZmì`nXoemV²'' (~«.gy.2&3&43) BË`m{Xlw{Vñ‘¥{VgyÌ¡:. VÎmw A`m¡pŠVH§$,{dnarVY‘©dÎdmV². Z{h A½Ý §eo {dñ’w$qbJo goH$dËd§ ÑîQ>§ lwV§ dm Ho$Z{MV². *ZZw{dñ’w$qbJo `pËH$pÄMX² Am¡îÊ`{‘d Añ`m{n `pËH$pÄMÁkËd§ dV©Vo B{V H$W‘²AVËd‘²?* B{V MoX² Z, {dnarVY‘©dËdmX² B{V AdmoMm‘¡d. VWm{h ‘é‘ar{MH$mXm¡Ob «‘o, ewŠVm¡ M aOV «‘o BË`m{X «‘ofw AVÎd§ {dnarVY‘©ÎdoZ ñnîQ>‘od ÑîQ>‘².AVmo Z A§emo ^{dVw‘² Ah©{V. *ZZw Ed§ V{h© ""`Wm A½Zo…...'' BË`m{XZm§ H$mJ{V…?* B{V MoX² ‘m Ed‘², Am¡nMm[aH$ËdoZ g‘mYo ËdmV². AVEd dñVwVmo Z{H$pÄMX²* B{V MoX²-

(à{V{~å~dmXà{VdmX…) Z, `X² A{dÚm`m§ VËà{V{~å~nVZ§ VXodVw ‘hX² XyaVa{‘{V. VWm{h

ËdXwŠV~«ô‘Umo Zrê$nËdoZ Vñ`m… M A{V‘{bZËdoZ Vñ`m§ H$W§ à{V{~å~:? ZZwVWm{n Ed‘od MoX² ‘éVmo@{n H$mîR>o à{V{~å~mo dVw {H$ÄM H$Xm{MV² ñd wŠË`mJ«hoUVñ` gê$nËd‘² B{V ‘Zwfo na‘² A{dÚm`m‘² A{V‘{bZm`m‘² A‘bËdÝVwgd©dmÚgå‘V‘od. Vñ‘mV² nydm}ŠVlw{Vñ‘¥{VVÎdgyÌà{VnmÚ… VX§eEd Ordmo ZVwA{dÚml`H$~«ô‘{~å~H$à{V{~å~:.

*ZZw d¡narË`ñ` H$m J{V…?* B{V MoX² Jd{XÀN>¡d. VWmM Xe© {V gyÌH$ma:,""nam{^Ü`mZmÎmw {Vamo{hV§ VVmo {h Añ` ~ÝY{dn © m¡'' (~«.gy.3&2&5) B{V.

(Am^mgdmXoZ Ame§H$mg‘mYmZo) ñ`mX ² EVX ² *‘mñV w à{V{~å~: {H$ÝV w Am^mgEd. VWm{h

A§Jw{bgånH©$O{ZVMÝÐmZoH$ËddX² A{dÚmV… VWm ^mgVo ~«ô‘ B{V VXod"Ord'nXdmÀ`‘²* B{V MoX² Z, AÝ`mæ`ËdmV². H$ñ` Am^mg…? B{V {dMmao-Z~«ô‘Umo «‘m`moJmX², Z Ordñ` VmÑem^mg{df`ËdmX². VWm{h Z{h MÝÐñ` «‘…MÝÐmUm‘². {dñVaoUVw AmH$aJ«ÝWo {dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zo à{Vnm{XV‘² AVmo Z AÌ VX²{dñVa….

(nma‘m{W©H$m§eËdo OrdËdKQ>H$mZÝXm§e{Vamo^mdo e§H$mg‘mYmZo) *ZZw Ed§ V{h© Ordo Hw$Vmo Z AmZÝXm§e:? ""Cf{g pŠbîQ>… BXmZt gwIr''

BË`mÚdñWm oXmX²* B{V MoX² Z, AdñWm oXñ` A{dH¥$Vo ~«ô‘{U ì`{^Mm[aËdmV².{H$ÄM nydm}ŠVo ""nam{^Ü`mZmX²...'' (VÌ¡d) B{V gyÌo@{n VW¡d à{Vnm{XV‘².""VVEd {Vamo mdmX²...'' BË`maä` ""...gyÌH$ma…'' ({dÛ.‘ÊS>.n¥. : 155)BË`ÝV§ lr‘Ëà wMaU¡:. *ZZw {MX§eñ`m{n ^JdÕ‘©ËdoZ Vñ` M AÌm{n gËdoZVÎmwë`V`m AmZÝXm§eñ`m{n Anoj`m VX§e‘{n ñdrHw$é B{V H$W‘² A§eÛ`H$WZ§wŠV‘²?* B{V MoX² Z, VÎmwë`Vm`m… AZdYmZ{dO¥på^VËdmV². Z{h AZwH$ån`m

H$Xm{MX² JOm{XXmZV: godH$mo amOm ^d{V. VËgÎdo@{n Z A`‘² B©e… B{VbmoH$Ed {gÕËdmV². {H$ÄM ~«ô‘Umo ì`mnH$ËdmX² Añ` M ""ñd § {döË`''(~¥h.Cn.4&3&9) BË`m{XlwË wŠVn[adV©Z{dhmamÝ`WmZwnnË`m AUwËdmV² VÔmgËd‘²

50 51

B{V H$W§ Vm¡ë`‘² AVEd {dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zo OrdmUwËddmXo ""g `Xm Añ‘mX²...''BË`maä` ""...{ZJd©…'' ({dÛ.‘ÊS>.n¥. : 191-193) BË`ÝV§ lr‘Ëà wMaUm:.

*ZZw AmZÝXm§eñ` ^JdX²Y‘©ËdmXod AÌ AgÎd‘² B{V `{X CÀ`oV V{h©{MX§eñ`m{n VËg‘mZ`moJjo‘ËdmV² VX²dXod AÌ AgËd‘² B{V dŠVì`‘²* B{VMoX² Z, ñdê$nhmÝ`Ý`Wmonn{Îm{^`m VËñdrH$mañ` Adí`dŠVì`ËdmV². VVEdgmo@{n ñdê$nmË‘H$mo ZVw Y‘©ê$nkmZmË‘H$:. AVEd ""gpÀMXmZÝX‘²...''BË`maä` ""...gd©‘² AZdÚ‘²'' (VÌ¡d n¥. : 198) BË`ÝV§ à^d:. Vñ‘mX²{Vamo{hVmZÝXm§em… Ordm: gpÀMX§eoZ CX²^yVm… B{V ’${bV‘².

(gpÀMXmZÝX~«ô‘U… gpÀMXmZÝXm§egå^doZ XodmZm§ {dJ«hdÎdmonn{Îm) VÌ gX§e‘mÌd¥{ÎmOSo>îd{n gÎmm na~«ô‘UEd, C^`m§e‘mÌd¥Ë`UwOrdoîd{n

Vñ ¡d, VXm qH$ nwZ… Xodofw VËgÎmm`m: àíZmo@{n VWm g{V ~«ô‘UEd {dJ«hdÎdoZVX§ed¥{ÎmXodoîd{n {dJ«hdÎd‘² AZwŠV‘² AmJV‘². *ZZw ~«ô‘Umo@{n {dJ«hdÎdo{dJ«hñ` ‘Ü`‘n[a‘mUdÎd{Z`‘oZ Aì`mnH$Ëdm{XXmofm: g§JÀN>o w… B{V MoX² Z,dú`‘mUXmofmV². VWm{h KQ>m{XnjH$-H$m`©ËdgmÜ`H$-gmd`ËdqbJH$-nQ>ÑîQ>mÝVoZ `Wm Hw$bmbm{X{g{Õ…; VWm gd©Ì gmd`ËdoZ H$m`©Ëd{Okmgm`m§{jË`mXm¡ H$m`©ËdXe©ZoZ kmZmonnÎmm¡ H$m`©ñ` H$V¥©OÝ`Ëd{Z`‘oZ VX²J^©JVËdoZgH$V¥©H$Ëd{g{Õ:. VWm g{V ""H$… H$Vm©?'' B{V AmH$m§jm`m§ Hw$bmbVÝVwdm`m{XfwVËH$V¥©Ëdmgm‘Ï ©J«hUoZ AZwŠVm B©ída{g{Õ:. VWmM ÑîQ>mÝVr``pËH$pÄMÕ‘©ñ`m{nXmîQ>m©ÝVo Adí`dŠVì`ËdmV² earaËdkmZm{X‘Ëd{g{Õ:, OÝ`ËdmÚ{g{Õ… M"`pËH$pÄMV²'nXmV². ‘wIMÝÐgmÑí`‘² AmôbmXOZH$ËdY‘©‘² AmXm ¡d B{VdV².*ZZw ear[aËdo nwZ: nydm}ŠVXyfUmn{Îm…* B{V MoX² Z, AÝd`ì`{VaoH${gÕñ` Vñ``mdVm XyfUn[ahma… VmdëbjUH$ñ`¡d gmYZr`ËdmV². VWmM ear[aËdgÎdoH$V¥©ËdgÎd§ VX^mdo VX^md… B{V AmJV‘². *ZZw kmZm{XH$‘od Hw$Vmo Z VËgmYH$‘²?*

B{V MoX² Z, ‘wŠVmË‘gw kmZdËñd{n earamXe©ZmV². EdÄM gmd`dËdm-@{ZË`Ëd-kmZmno{jVH$V¥©Ëdê$n-gd©H$V¥©ËdmÝ`WmZwnn{Îm-~bmV² {gÜ`Z² H$Vm© ñd`‘odgH$bXoeJVH$m`m}ËnÎ`ZwnnË`m{XXyfUJUmVrVEd earakmZm{X‘mZod {gÕ:. gMB©ídaEd. *ZZw gd©H$V¥©Ëd‘² B©ídañ ¡d B{V H$mo dm {Z`‘:? KQ>mXm¡ Hw$bmbmXrZm§VWmXe©ZmX²* B{V MoX² Ad¡{h : VÎmËH$m } {h VÎm{Ûf`H$kmZñ` H$maUËd‘² B{VVw

Vdm{n gå‘V‘². VWmM gd©H$m } gd©{df`H$kmZñ` H$maUËd‘² BË`{n AmXaUr`‘².EdÄM ""`: gd©k: gd©{dX²'' (‘ wÊS > .Cn.1&1&9)BË`m{Xlw{Và{VnmÚVÎd{d{eîQ>ñ` B©{eVw: gd©H$m ©H$aUo H$mo dm gÝXoh:? *ZZwàË`j~mYmo KQ>m{Xfw* B{V MoV² Vd¡d, Z ~«ô‘{dXm§, `V… B©ídaoÀN> ¡d VX§emZm§VËVËH$m ©H$aUo àdV©‘mZËdmV². AÝ`Wm KQ>m{XH$m ©YmamoËnÎ`mn{Îm:. {H$ÄM `mo{h`{XÀN> m XYrZËdo g{V ËH$m } àdV©Vo Vñ` V{XÀN> m VXYrZËdoZ àd{V©VËdmX²AdmÝVaì`mnmaËd‘od. VWmM ^Jd{XÀN>`m VXYrZËdo g{V gd©ñ` gd©H$m`}àd{V©VËdmV² VÎd‘od B{V ‘V§ Wm AdmÝVaHw$bmbmXrÀN>`m XÊS>m{XÛmam «å`mXo….*ZZw VmÑemZm§ OS>ËdmV² AdmÝVaì`mnmadÎd§ H$ëß §, {MX§e yVmZm§ OS>{^ÝZËdmX²Z AdmÝVaì`mnmadÎd§ H$ënZr §, VWmM ñdoÀN> ¡d Hw$Vmo Z àd¥{Îm[a{V Hw$bmbm{XZm§ñdV:H$V¥©Ëd§ {gÕ‘odo{V nwZ: nyd©dX²* B{V MoV², Hw$Vmo «mpÝV§ Z Ë`O{g? `{X Ed§ñ`mV² VXm Hw$bmbmXrZm§ VXoH$naËdoZ KQ>m{XH$m`©YmamoËnÎ`mn{Îm: B{V nyd©‘odg‘m{hV‘².

(VËH$m`©OZH$VÎmÁOZH$gÎdo@{n gd©H$m`©{Zê${nVgH$bOZZà`moOZ{ZYm©aH$mo ^JdmZod B{V ñWmnZ‘²)

`Ûm à`moÁ`à`moOH$^mdoZ {h ÛoYm ì`dhmaàd¥{Îm:. VWmM VÝ‘mÌo VXYrZ:g… B{V Vw `wŠV‘². VVíM ""gd©ñ` der'' (~¥h.Cn.4&4&22) ""gd©ñ`B©emZ…'' (~¥h.Cn.5&6&1) B{V lwË`m à`moOH$mo {h ^JdmZ² à`moÁ`m… M Ordm…B{V ‘ÝVì`‘². VWm g{V Vofm§ MoVZËdoZ H$V¥©Ëdo gË`{n Z ñdV:H$V¥©Ëd§ {H$ÝVwJm¡U‘od. VWmM ‘w»`o gå^d{V Vpñ‘Z² VËH$ënZm`m… AÝ`mæ`ËdmV². Vofw‘w»`ËdkmZ‘² AkmZVEd. *ZZw ""ñdVÝÌ: H$Vm©'' (nm{U.gy.1&4&54) B{VAZwemgZmX² Z Ed‘²* B{V MoX² Z, B©ídaoVamUm‘² ñdmVÝÍ`m^mdmV². Vñ‘mV²nydm}ŠVXyfUJUmZdg[aV{jË`m{XnjH$mÚZw‘mZ{dY`m OJËH$V¥©ËdoZ ñdVÝÌH$Vw©…B©ídañ` {g{Õ:.

EVX{n ñd wpŠV{ZJ¥hrVmZ² Vm±ñVmZ² Vm{H©$H$mZ² à{V gmYZ‘². ^JdXr`mZmÝVw""ghòerfm©...'' (nw.gy.1), ""gd©V: nm{UnmXmÝV§'' (^J.JrVm.13&13),""Z‘m o AñVw AZÝVm` ghò‘yV ©` o'' (‘hm^m.13&635&5),""AZoH$~mhÿXadŠÌZoÌ‘²'' (^J.JrVm.11&16), Xe‘ñH$ÝYr`e§H$añVwVm¡""Zm{^… Z^m o Ap½Z… ‘wI‘²'' (^mJ.n w a m.10&60&35),

52 53

""AmZÝX‘mÌH$anmX‘wImoXam{X:'' (?), ""emaraíM C^`o@{n {h''(~«.gy.1&2&20) BË`m{X ghòlw{Vñ‘¥{VnwamUVÎdgyÌmoëboImXod VW¡d B©ídaoída:{gÕ… B{V {H$‘² Aëngm‘Ï }Z AZw‘mZoZ.

(Vñ‘mX² ^JdVEd Xodm{X{dJ«hYmaUoZ gd© moŠV¥Ëd‘²) VWmM gd©Y‘©{d{eîQ>mo ^JdmZod gd©Ì gd©ê$nV`m ~qb w§ŠVo Am`mË`{n

M. AVEd ""`jo {d^y{V… ^dV… VV² gånmX` Z: à^m o:''(^mJ.nwam.10&69&3) BË`m{X w{YpîR>amopŠV:. AVmo Z ~mYH$mdH$me:.

*ZZw dmXr nwZ… Ame§H$Vo ""BÝÐm` ñdmhm'' (`Wmnydm}ŠV‘²) BË`mXm¡ H$mJ{V…? B{V MoX² EVX{n AdYma` : gmo@{n ñdoîQ>’$bmdmá² W©‘² ""B{X na‘¡íd }''(nm.Ym. ädm.63)B{V YmVwà{VnmÚ-‘hoÝÐm` B©ídam`¡d {dVa{V B{V {H$‘²AZwnnÝZ‘²? Vñ`Vw nam epŠV:, ""nam Añ` epŠV…'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&8)BË`m{XlwË wŠVËdmV² . AVEd "" o YmVweãXm… `Ì AW} CnXoeo àH$s{V©Vm:VW¡d AWm} doXameo: H$V©ì`mo Z AÝ`Wm Šd{MX²'' (nÌmd.4) B{VdmJreMaUm:.

VWmM CŠVarË`m Xodofw {dJ«hdÎd‘odo{V J«{hbV`m H$Xm{MV² VX^mddÎd‘²B{V dXÝV: H${‘©Umo AH${‘©UEd. AVEd CŠV§ ""ly`Vo@{n {h BÝÐmXrZm§XodmZm‘² AàË`jËd§ {dJ«hdVm‘²'' ({dÛ.‘ÊS>.?& ) B{V {dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zo à wMaU¡:.

(^JdV… gd©h{d^m}ŠV¥Ëdo@{n Z VÎmX²h{d…gåàXmZr^yVXodmZm‘²AV¥pßV… B{V CnnmXZ‘²)

*ZZw Xodm{X~{b^moŠV¥Ëd§ ^JdV… V{h© Vofm§ H$W§ V¥pßV…?* B{V MoX² Z,H$mo{Q>~«ô‘mÊS>{dJ«hñ` Vñ` V¥ßVm¡ EVX²J ©JVËdoZ Vofm§ gwVam§ V¥ßVËdmV². JmogwIoJmoJ^©gwIdV². AVEd ""gd©Xod‘`mo h[a:'' (^mJ.nwam.11&23&28),""gd©XodZ‘ñH$ma:...'' ( . . & ), ""`Wm Vamo… ‘yb{ZfoMZoZ''(^mJ.nwam.4&31&14) BË`mXr{Z dMm§ñ`{n g§JVm{Z ñ`w:. {ÛVr`ñH$ÝYo@{n""~«ô‘dM©ñH$m‘ñVw '' (^mJ.nwam.2&3&2) BË`maä` ""`OoV² nwéf§ na‘²''(^mJ.nwam.2&3&10) BË`ÝV‘² ApIbmkmZmÝYH$ma{ZdmaHo$U OJpÝ‘ÌoU lrewHo$Z.

AVEd lw{Va{n ""VXod ~«ô‘ Ëd§ {d{Õ ZoX§ X² BX‘² CnmgVo'' (Ho$Zmon.1&5)B{V Amh. AW©ñVw : ídoVHo$Vmo `X² BX‘² CnmgVo, Zm‘, `X² BXÝËdoZ déUËdoZ/BÝÐËdoZ CnmgVo VX² Z {H$ÝVw VV² ~«ô‘¡d B{V {d{Õ. AVEd ""`kê$nmo h[a:nyd©H$mÊSo>'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&11) B{V VËdXrno lr‘XmMm ©MaUm:.

(gd©Zm‘ê$nH$‘©YmaH$ñ` ^JdVEd Am{Y^m¡{VH$m{Xê$nÌ`‘² B{V{ZîH$f©…)

{H$ÄM ^JdVmo ê$nÌ`§ Am{YX¡{dH$‘² AmÜ`mpË‘H$‘² Am{Y^m¡{VH$‘² B{VoXmV². Am{Y^m¡{VH$mo {dJ«hdmZ² BÝÐm{X:. AmÜ`mpË‘H$mo, ‘ÝÌm{YîR>mV¥ËdoZ VXm{X:.

Am{YX¡{dH$: ñd`‘od. Ed§ MoV² nydm}ŠVm Z AZdñWm{n. *ZZw V{h© bmKdmV²""{dîUdo ñdmhm'' BË`m{XH$‘od AñVw. BîQ>mnÎmm¡ lw{V{damoY…* B{V MoX² ‘mEd§, ""`mo-`mo `m§-`m§ VZw§ ^ŠV: lÕ`m A{M©Vw‘² BÀN>{V Vñ`-Vñ`AMbm§ lÕm§ Vm‘od {dXYm{‘ Ah§, g V`m lÕ`m wŠV: Vñ` AmamYZ‘²B©hVo b^Vo M VV: H$m‘mZ² ‘ ¡d {d{hVmZ² {h VmZ²'' (^J.JrVm 7&21) BË`m{X^JdX²dmŠ`¡: ""VÎmËH$m‘Z`m VÎmËH$‘©{U àd¥Îmñ` VÎmÐÿnoU¡d VÎmË’$b§Xmñ`m{‘'' BË`m{X V{XÀN> ¡d VWm B{V g‘mYo ËdmV² B{V gd©‘² AZdÚ‘²&&

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B{V lr{J[aYa{da{MVmo {dJ«hdmX… g‘mßV…

54 55

dmXmdë`m§ &&ànÄMdmX…&&*

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*ZZw {H$‘² BX‘² CÝ‘ÎmdV² àbn{g X² ""BX§ {ZË § ~«÷ê$n‘²'' B{V, ànÄMñ`{‘Ï`mËdoZ Vñ` AgÎdm§JrH$mamV².

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(VÌ g‘mYmZo {dH$ënmghËdhoVwZm AgÎdIÊS>Z‘²) àîQ>ì`mo A{g : àW‘§ VmdX² AgËd§ qH$ Ì¡H$m{bH$m^mdê$n§ ñdr{H«$`Vo CV

^«‘H$pënV‘²?

Z Ì¡H$m{bH$m^mdê$n‘² AÑí`ËdmnÎmo…. {H$ÄM A^mdñ` MmVw{d©Ü`oZàmJ^mdm{XÌ`mUm‘² AÌ AH$ënZr`ËdoZ n[aeofoU AË`ÝVm^mdñ` D$d©[aVËdoZVñ`m{n gà{V`mo{JH$ËdoZ Añ`m{n AgËdoZ VX^mdm^mdmV². ""^yVboKQ>mË`ÝVm^md…'' BË`mXm¡Vw g§`moJoZ àË`jÑï>§ à{V`mo{JZ§ KQ>‘² Amamoß` Vñ`{ZfoY…. ZZw eee¥§JmXm¡ H$m J{V…? eeo e¥§JmË`ÝVm^md… BË od. Jmo‘{hfm{XfwÑîQ>§ à{V`mo{J e¥§J§ g§`moJoZ Amamoß` {ZfoY…. KQ>mË`ÝVm^md… B{VdV². Zdme¥§JËdgm‘mÝ oZ VÕ‘m©dpÀN>ÝZà{V`mo{JVmH$mo AË`ÝVm^mdmo dŠVw§ eŠ`mo, Jdm{XfwàË`jËdmV². VoZ Vpñ‘Z² VXr`Ëdm^md… BË`{n gmYw.

Z «‘H$pënV§, Vñ` nyd©à‘mÑîQ>nXmW©JVY‘©gÑe`pËH$pÄMÕ‘©J«hUOÝ`ËdmV².VWm{h ""ewŠVm¡ BX§ aOV‘²'' BË`mXm¡ nyd©H$mbrZà‘mÑï>hÅ>ñWaOVËddX²aOVY‘©gÑe`pËH$pÄMÀMmH$MŠ`m{XY‘©gmê$ß`oU {h ^«‘… gå^d{V. àH¥$Vonyd©H$mbrZà‘mÑîQ>`pËH$pÄMX{YH$aUñW¡VXgå^doZ ŠdJVY‘©gmê$ß oU {h Hw$ÌH$ñ` ^«‘… gå^d{V? *ZZw EVpñ‘ÝZod ànÄMo nydª gË`Ëd‘² AdYm`© nwZ…{‘Ï`mËd‘² B{V wŠV‘od* B{V MoX² Z, Hw$Ì JV§ VX² AdYm © {ZfoYB{V BË`mH$maH§${ÛVr`‘² BË`{n Yr… MoV² n[aXe© .

(AÛ¡Vdm{X‘Vo A{dÚm ‘m`m{n dm {dH$ënmghV`m Z {gÜ`{V B{VVpÝZagZ‘²)

A{dÚm‘mÌoU àVr`‘mZËdmX² {‘Ï`m B{V à{VnmXZo BX§ {dMm ©Vo : H$m gmH$A{dÚm? I{H$‘{YH$a{UH$m M? B{V.

àW‘njo {H$‘ ² H$/1{‘Ï`mkmZê$nm CV H$/2V{X ²^ÝZm Od{ZH$mdX ²`WmW©kmZà{V~ÝYê$nm? AmhmopñdX² H$/3AÑîQ>{deofOÝ`m dm?

Z H$/1AmÚm, kmZH$maU{Okmgm`m§ ~«÷U… Vd {ZJw©UËdoZ BÀN>mdËdm^mdoZV{XÀN>`m {‘Ï`mkmZ‘² B{V dŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdoZ A{dÚ¡d VX² B{V AmhË` CÎmaV…A{dÚm`m… {‘Ï`mkmZH$maUËdoZ AkmZê$nËdm^mdmV². Z{h XÊS>mo KQ>mo ^d{V.ZZw AZmÚod VX² B{V MoV² "VËH¥$V'B{V nX§ ^dVm‘od AZW©H§$ ñ`mV². *ZZw

56 57

g‘dm{`H$maUËd‘² A{dÚm`m… B{V VËH$maUËd§ VÐÿnËd§ Mm{n, VÝZmeo VÝZmemo@{n‘¥X²dX²KQ>mo A‘¥X² BË`{n àVrVo…* B{V MoV² gåà{V Ý`m`arË`¡d CÀ`Vo. Ed‘²AmñVm§ dm, `{X A{dÚm`m… Ðì`Ëd§ ñdr{H«$`Vo H¡$a{n. AÝ`Wm ê$nmÝVaH$aUonyd©dX² ZmeoZ nXmW©ZmemV² ê$nZmeo@{n nQ>Zme…. Vñ‘mV² g‘dm{`H$maUËd§ Ðì`ñ ¡dB{V {Z`‘…. ZM *Ag‘dm{`H$maUËd‘{n* B{V dŠVw§ eŠ §, Vd AmJ«hì`mKmVmV².VWm{h AkmZê$nm gm B{V dXV… Vd AkmZ‘od gm B{V à{V’${bV‘². VWmMZ {‘Ï`mkmZmoËnÎmm¡ Vñ`¡d H$maUËd§, KQ>o KQ>H$maUËdmZ§JrH$aUmX². AÝ`Wmê$nmoËnÎmmd{n Vñ` H$maUËdñ` Xwdm©aËd‘od. {H$ÄM Vñ` g‘dm{`H$maUgmnojËdmV²EVX{V[aŠVñ` H$maUËdm^mdoZ A{dÚm`m… H$maUËdñ` dŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdmV².ZM *H$ñ`{MX² Ðì`{deofñ` Ðì`mÝVa§ H$maU§ `Wm VWm AÌm{n* B{V dmÀ §,nydm}ŠVoZ {ZamH¥$VËdmV². ZM {Z{‘ÎmËd§, {Z{‘ÎmËdoVw AmJV‘² AVÐÿnËd‘². Z{hXÊS>mo KQ>mo ^d{V.

Z H$/2{ÛVr`m, kmZñ` g{df`H$ËdoZ ñdrH$mamV². VofmÄM AgËdoZËdX{^‘VËdmV² qH${df`H§$ `WmW©kmZà{V~ÝY§ H$amo{V B{V {dMm © dŠVì`ËdmV².{Z{d©f`VËñdrH$mao ‘mZm^mdmV².

Z H$/3V¥Vr`m, VËdoZ Ord… BË`m{X Vd AmJ«hì`mKmVmV². {H$ÄM Xn©UmXm¡{~å~à{V{~å~dX² OrdmZm‘² A{dÚm`m§ Vd ~«÷à{V{~å~Ëd‘² B{V ñdrH$mamV²à{V{~å~ñ` Xn©UmYrZËdoZ VX²JV{deofmUm§ M VXYrZËddV² Vofm‘² A{dÚmYrZËdoZVX²JVmÑîQ>{deofñ` gwVam§ VXYrZËdmV² VÁOZH$Ëdm^mdmV². Z{h KQ>mo XÊS>OZH$moXÊS>mYrZËdmV².

*ZZw EVËÌ`ì`{V[aŠV¡d gm* B{V MoX² Z, qH$bj{UH$m B{V dXñd? ZMbjUeyÝ ¡d B{V dmÀ § bjUeyÝ o à‘mUmàgŠË`m {gÕç^mdmnÎmo…. *ZZw ^dVm§OrdmkmZo qH$ H$maU‘²?* B{V MoX² ^Jd{XÀN>¡d ""‘Îm… ñ‘¥{V… kmZ‘² AnmohZ§M'' (^J.JrVm.15&15) BË`m{XZm VpÝZê$nUmV². AVEd ""~w{Õ… kmZ‘²Agå‘moh…'' (^J.JrVm.10&4) BË`maä` ""‘ÎmEd n¥WJ²{dYm…''(^J.JrVm.10&5) BË`ÝV‘{n CŠV § lr‘X ²`X wn w an waÝXa oU. AVEd""~w{ÕàoaH$H¥$îUñ` nmXnÙ§ àgrXVw'' (V.Xr.{Z.3&5&1) B{V dmŠnnVo… dmH²$.

{H$ÄM gm gVr dm AgVr dm? Z AmÚm, Û¡VmnÎmo…. Z {ÛVr`m, Z BË odà{V’${bVËdmV². ZZw AñVw gXg{ÛbjU¡d gm B{V MoX² Z, ‘mZm^mdmV²""nañna{damoYo {h'' B{V Ý`m`mV² M. ZM *AZm{XgmÝVm ^mdê$nm* B{V dmÀ §,~ «÷`mWmÏ` ©kmZZmí`Ëdê$nh oVm o … h o Ëdm^mgËd oZ AZ w‘mZmgå^dmX ²AÝd`ì`{VaoH$ì`{^MmamV² gmÜ`m^mddX²d¥{ÎmËdmV² M.

I{H$‘{YH$a{UH$m B{V {ÛVr`àíZnjo ""Vwî`Vw XwO©ZÝ`m oZ'' AñVw A{dÚm.gm nwZ… ~«÷JVm dm OrdJVm dm?

Z AmÚm, ~«ô‘U… ewÕËdì`mhVo…. {H$ÄM ËdX{^‘Vo ~«ô‘{U OrdVwë`VmnÎmm¡""Jm ¡U… MoX ² Z "AmË‘'eãXmV²'' (~ «.g y.1&1&5), ""VpÝZîR>ñ`‘mojmonXoemV²'' (~«.gy.1&1&6), ""ho ËdmdMZmV² M'' (~«.gy.1&1&7) B{VgyÌ{damoY….

Z {ÛVr`m, Ordñ` ËdÝ‘Vo à{V{~å~Ëdm §JrH$mamX ² AmYo`ñ` MAmYmamYrZËdmV². à{V{~å~ñ` Xn©UmYmaH$ËdoZ VXYrZËddV² Vñ`m{nA{dÚmê$nmYmamYrZËdoZ Xn©UJV… à{V{~å~mo ZVw à{V{~å~JVmo Xn©U… B{VdX²A{dÚmJVmo Ordmo ZVw VX²JVm gm B{V dŠVì`ËdmV². {H$ÄM OrdJVËdoZ~«÷JVY‘©H$ënZo gm‘Ï`m© mdmV². VWm{h ~«÷JVm AmñVo A{dÚm H$pënVm B{VVwVd ‘V‘². VWmM Ag‘mZm{YH$aUËdmV² VWm. ZM *A{dÚm`m… CÀN>oXñ`¡dA{^‘VËdoZ BîQ>mn{Îm…* B{V dmÀ`§, ^JdÀN>pŠVËdoZ CÀN>oXm§JrH$mañ`A`wŠVËdmV². Xe‘ñH$ÝYo ‘WwamJ‘Zàg§Jo AH«y$aXe©Zo ""{l`m nwîQ²>`m {JamH$mÝË`m H$sË`m© VwîQ²>`m Bb`m D$O© m {dÚ`m A{dÚ`m eŠË`m ‘m``m M{Zfo{dV‘²'' (^mJ.nwam.10&39&55) B{V dmŠ`mV². Vñ‘mV² àVr`‘mZËdmV²ànÄMñ` AgËd‘² B{V dXVñVw Am{dÚH$Ëd‘od.

*ZZw dmgZ ¡d àVr`‘mZËdoZ VV² VWm AñVw* B{V MoX² Z, nydm}ŠVXyfUoZ¡dn[aöVËdmV². ZM *ñdßZdV² gÎdo@{n AgËd‘²* B{V dmÀ`§, ñdßZñ`

58 59

nydm©Zw^y{V{df`{deofOÝ`ËdoZ àmnpÄMH$nXmWm©Zm§ dmgZ`m Ad^mgV… nyd©‘²AgËdoZ àVrË`gå^dmX² ""d¡Yå`m©ÀM Z ñdßZ{XdX²'' (~«.gy.2&2&29) B{VVËdgyÌ{damoYmV² M. VWm gË`{n ""OJX² AgX²'' B{V dXÝVmo ~mh² mEd.

(OJVmo A{Zd©MZr`ËdIÊS>Z§ VX{ZË`ËdIÊS>Z§ M) *ZZw gXgVmo… nañna§ {déÕËdmX² A{Zd©MZr § OJX². BX‘od {‘Ï`mËd‘².

{H$ÄM lw{Va{n VWmËd§ ~«yVo ""Z Bh ZmZm ApñV {H$ÄMZ'' (H$R>mon.4&11-~¥h.Cn. 4&4&19) B{V. Vñ‘mX² {‘Ï`mËdIÊS>Z‘² A`wŠV‘²* B{V MoX² Z,A{Zd©MZr`ñ` {‘Ï`mËdo à‘mUm^mdmV². Car{H«$`Vo MoX² ~«÷Umo@{n A{Zd©MZr`ËdoZ{‘Ï`mËd‘² AmnÚoV. `Vmo A{Zd©MZr`ËdÄM {Zd©MZr`Vmam{hË`‘². VWm{h""Anm{UnmXmo OdZmo J«hrVm ní`{V AMjw… g e¥Umo{V AH$U©…''(ídoVm.Cn.3&19) B{V dMZo Zdm nm{UnmXg{hVËd§ Zdm AOdZËdm-@J«mhH$Ëd{‘{V A{Zd©MZr`Ëd‘od. AVEd ‘hm^maVo d¡eånm`ZghòZm‘ñVmoÌo""AUw…-~¥hV², H ¥ $e…-ñWybm o, J wU^¥X ²-{ZJw ©Um o ‘hmZ²''(‘hm^m.13&135&103) B{V.

{H$ÄM ""Z Bh ZmZm ApñV'' B{V lw{V… Z{h {‘Ï`mËd§ dX{V {H$ÝVwÛ¡Và{VfoY‘². `V… ""nwéfEd BX§ gd©‘²'' (nwé.gy.2), ""g AmË‘mZ§ ñd`‘²AHw$éV'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&7), ""g d¡ gd©‘² BX§ OJV²'' (‘hmZm.Cn.23&1),""gdª Ibw BX§ ~«÷'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&1), ""VV² gË`‘² B{V AmMjVo''(V¡{Îm.Cn.2&6), {dîUwnwamUo àW‘o A§eo ""VX² EVX² Aj § {ZË § OJX² ‘w{ZdaApIb‘² Am{d^m©d{Vamo mdOÝ‘Zme{dH$ëndV²'' ({dîUwnwam.1&22&60),JrVm`m§ M ""Z AgVmo {dÚVo mdmo Z A^mdmo {dÚVo gV…'' (^J.JrVm.2&16)BË`maä` ""Z H$píMX² dŠVw‘² Ah©{V'' (^J.JrVm.2&17) BË`ÝV‘². gyÌH$mamo@{n""AgX² B{V MoX² Z, à{VfoY‘mÌËdmX²'' (~«.gy.2&1&7), ""AgX²ì`nXoemX²Z B{V MoX² Z, Y‘m©ÝVaoU dmŠ`eofmV²''(~«.gy.2&1&17), ""gÎdmV² MAdañ`'' (~«.gy.2&1&76) BË`m{XZm VW¡d Amh.

*ZZw A{Zd©MZr`ñ` {‘Ï`mËdo à‘mUm^mdmX² B{V MoX² Z, AZw‘mZñ`à‘mUËdmV². VWm{h ""OJX² A{Zd©MZr § gXgX²ä`m§ dŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdmV²

ewpŠVaOVdX²''* B{V MoX² Z, AÌ{h hoVmo… gmÜ`m{d{eîQ>ËdoZ AZw‘mZñ`Aà`moOH$ËdmV². AñVwdm ""Vwî`Vw XwO©ZÝ`m oZ'' VWm{n AZoZ AZw‘mZoZ OJVmoA{Zd©MZr`Ëd§ {gÜ`oX² ZVw A{Zd©MZr`ñ` {‘Ï`mËd‘². ZM *`X² CŠV§""~«÷Umo@{n A{Zd©MZr`ËdoZ {‘Ï`mËd‘²'' B{V VX² AgX², A{Zd©MZr`Ëd§Zm‘ gXgX²ä`m§ dŠVw‘² AeŠ`Ëd§, ~«÷UñVw gËdoZ dŠVw§ eŠ`ËdmX²* B{V dmÀ §,""Z gX² Z AgX² CÀ`Vo'' (^J.JrVm.13&12), ""Z A § JwU… H$‘© Z gZ² ZM AgZ²'' (^mJ.nwam.8&3&24) B{V JrVmnwamUdmŠ ¡… Z ~«÷U… gÝ‘mÌV`màVr`‘mZËd‘² AV… BX‘od Vñ` A{Zd©MZr`Ëd‘². AVEd ""`Vmo dmMmo...''B{V lw{V….

`Îmw *{dîUwnwamUdMZ§ àdmh{ZË`Ëd§ Ibw ~«yVo, ZVw OJV… ñdê$n{ZË`Ëd§,Z{h {dH$mañ` {ZË`Ëd§ gå^d{V, {dH$mamo {‘Ï`m B{V à{VnmXZmX², AgÎdoZA§JrH$mam^mdmV² M Z gyÌ{damoY…* B{V CŠV§ VX² Z, ànÄMñ` AbrH$ËdoZàdmh{ZË`Ëdmgå^dmV². VWm g{V ewpŠVaOVmX{n H$Q>H$Hw$ÊS>bmÚwËnÎ`mn{Îm…M.

{H$ÄM ànÄMmo Z {dH$mamo, {dMmamj‘ËdmV². VWm{h H$ñ` {dH$ma…? Z~«÷U… Vñ` A{dH¥$VËdmV². Z BVañ` ËdÝ‘Vo ~«÷{^ÝZñ` gd©ñ` {dH$maê$nËdmV².*ZZw ""~«÷{^ÝZ§ gdª {‘Ï`m ~«÷{^ÝZËdmV² ewpŠVaOdX²'' B{V {g{Õ…. VoZ~«÷{^ÝZ{ZpIbànÄM{‘Ï`mËd{g{Õ…* B{V MoX² Z, njVmdÀN>oXH$hoVmo… EoŠ oZA§eV… {gÕgmYZmX² ÑîQ>mÝVm{gÕo… M B{V.

(àË`jñ` eãXmonOrdH$Ëd‘² AZw‘mZñ` M àË`jmonOrdH$Ëd‘².lwVoíM eãXmË‘H$ËdmV² gdm}nOrì`ËdoZ ~bdËd‘². VËà‘mUoZm{n OJVmoZ A{ZË`Ëd‘²)

ñ`mX² EVX² : *ZZw ‘m AñVw AgËd‘² A{ZË`Ëd‘od AñVw. VWm{h A{ZË`Ëd§{h ""Üd§gà{V`mo{JËdo g{V àmJ^mdà{V`mo{JËd‘²'' BË`mH$maH$Ëd§ MOJÝ‘Ü`nm{VKQ>nQ>m{XnXmW} ÑîQ>§, ""KQ>mo {dî`{V yVbo'' BË`m{XàVr{V~bmX²*B{V MoX² Z, {H$ÝZm‘ ^m{dËd§ yVËd§ dm? Y‘©{deofEd B{V MoX² Y‘©ñ` Y{‘©{Ug‘dm`gå~ÝYoZ d¥{Îm‘ÎdoZ A{^ÝZËdmV², Vñ` ^m{d^yVg‘dm`mgËdmV²,

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{Zaml`ËdoZ pñWË`ZwnnË`m VËg‘`o VËñdrH$mañ` Adí`dŠVì`ËdmV². *ZZwAÝ`WmZwnn{Îm{^ ¡d VWmËd§ MoV² H$mbEd gm AñVw* B{V MoX² ‘m Ed§, H$mb…VWm B{V àVrVo… Xwdm©aËdmV². EdÄM g{V VÎmËg‘ o@{n Y{‘©ñdrH$ma… Amdí`H$….*ZZw KQ>mXo… gXm gËdoZ ^m{dËdm{X dŠVw‘² AeŠ`{‘{V VÌm{n VWmËd§ MoX²{dbjUH$mbo@{n VWmàVr{V… Xwdm©am B{V Vd¡d CpŠV… XyfUJ«ñVm* B{V MoX² Z,VWm{h ""nwéfEd BX§ gdª `X² yV§ `ÀM ^ì`‘²'' (F$Šg§{h.10&90&2) B{VlwË`m V`moa{n gËd§ VXmË‘H$ËdoZ AdJå`Vo B{V lw{V{gÕ‘². Vñ`mñVwñdV…àm‘mÊ`‘². VWmM ñdV…àm‘mÊ o VËg§H$moMoZ Y‘©Y{‘©Umoa{n gËd§ Wm ‘ÝVì §,VWm EVËg§H$moMoZ¡d Vpñ‘Z² H$mbo AdV©V AZm{d y©V… g BË`{n ‘ÝVì`‘². VWmg{V nXmW©gËdEd "^mdr-^yV…' BË`m{XàVr{V… ZVw AgËdo. A{ZË`Ëd‘{nVÎmËH$mbo AgËd§ ZVw ñdê$nVmo AdV©‘mZËd‘². Vñ‘mX² Añ‘mH§$ ‘Vo VÎmËH$mboAXe©Z‘m̧ ZVw A{ZË`Ëd‘².

*ZZw lwVrZm§ Z ñdV…àm‘mÊ § {H$ÝVw B©ídamoŠVËdmV² Vñ` M AZw‘o ËdmV².VWmM lw{Vàm‘mÊ § B©ídamoŠVËdmXod Z ñdV…* B{V MoX² Z, Ed§ e§H$H$ñ` AdoXmpÝVZmo‘Vo ‘ÝdmXrZm§ gd©kËdo ‘mZm^mdoZ nyd©nyd©gJ©ì`dhmamZwnnË`m VXÝ`ËdH$ënZoJm¡adoU M Vd {gÕ… MoX² B©ída… g à`moÁ`à`moOH$ê$noU ì`dha{V ""KQ>‘²AmZ` Jm§ Z`'' BË`m{Xê$noU. gd©Vmo ~bdVr {h AÝ`WmZwnn{Îm…. VVíM VÌË`mo~mb… VÀN>ãXldUmZÝVa§ VX²ì`dhmamV² g§Ho$VJ«hU§ H$amo{V Z`ZmZ`Zmä`m§H¥${V{df`mË‘H$‘². VVmo "KQ>m'{XnX§ KQ>ËdmÚdpÀN>ÝZo eŠV‘² BË`{n. VXZÝVa§y moXe©ZoZ VÎmËH¥${V{df`gmÑí § dñVwfw ní`Vr{V eãXmonOrdH$Ëd‘² AÜ`jñ`

B{V {gÕ‘². AVEd AmYw{ZH$ñ`m{n ~mbñ` ""A`§ {nVm''-""A`§ ^«mVm''BË`m{XdmŠ`ldUmZÝVa§ {nV[a «mV[a {nV¥ËdoZ «mV¥ËdoZ dm Xe©Z§ F$Vo OZÝ`m…Z CnnÚVo. AÝ`Wm VXgå^dmV². EdÄM VWm{dYdpôZYy‘kmZo Šd{MX² ‘hmZgmXm¡AmÐoÝYZg§ moJm{XZm ’y$ËH$maÛmam VÁOÝ`Ëd§ Vpñ‘Z² ní`{V. VXZÝVa§ ""`mo ÁOÝ`…g Z VX²ì`{^Mmar `Wm H$nmbOmo KQ>…'' B{V OmZZ² VÌm{n VÁOÝ`ËdoZAì`{^Mm[aËd§ OmZm{V. VVíM H$Xm{MV² nd©VmXm¡ AZdpÀN>ÝZ‘yb§ V§ ní`Z²VÁOÝ`ËdoZ Aì`{^Mm[aËdkmZoZ dpôZ§ ñ‘a{V. nyd©ÑîQ>g§ñH$mañ`m{n {dÚ‘mZËdmV².g¡d AZw{‘{V… B{V CÀ`Vo Vm{H©$H¡$…. VoZM Xe©ZmoÎmaH$mbrZËdoZ àË`jmonOrdH$Ëd‘²

AZw‘mZñ` B{V {gÕ‘². Vñ‘mX² CnOrì`monOrì`ËdmV² eãXñ` ñdV…àm‘mÊ`§,H$maUmÝVamZnojUmV². VWmM eãXmË‘H$ËdmV² Vmgm§ VWmËd§ {Zì y©T>‘² B{V Ado{h.

*ZZw "^mdr'-"ZîQ>…' BË`m{XàVrVo… H$m J{V…?* B{V MoX² `WmYmËdWªñdrH$m`m© BË`od. EdÄM nXmWm©Zm‘² AXe©ZXem`m‘² AZm{d^©yVËd§ VX{^ÝZoVX{^ÝZËd‘² B{V AmJV‘², ""A § ^mdr''-""A § yV…'' BË`m{XàVrË`ZwamoYmV².EVoZ A{ZË`VmZwMamUm§ dV©‘mZàmJ^mdoË`m{XbjU§ {ZañV‘². gd}fm§ {ZË`ËdmV²nydm}ŠVbjU§ M. *ZZw gd©ñ` {ZË`ËdmX² ^m{d^yVdV©‘mZmZm‘{n VWmËdmX²wJnXwnbå^ñ` Xw{Z©dmaËd‘²* B{V MoX² ‘m Ed§, ^Jd{XÀN>mYrZËdmV². VWm{h

n¥{WdrOb`mo… VXmË‘H$ËdoZ EH$Ëdo@{n n¥{Wì`m§ JÝYmo ZVw Obo BË`Ì qH${Z`m‘H$‘²? BÀN>¡d. VWm AÌmnr{V VWmËdoZ EH$ê$nËdo@{n Z VWm. {dîUwnwamUoMCnnm{XV‘² Am{dpñVamo mddËd§ OJV… ""VX² EVX²...'' ({dîUwnwam.1&22&60)BË`ZoZ. {dñVañVw Am{d^m©d{Vamo^mddmXo à{Vnm{XV… à^wMaU¡….

{H$ÄM ^JdV¡d CŠV § ""Z AgVmo {dÚVo ^md…'' (^J.JrVm.2&16)BË`maä`, ""Z H$píMV² H$Vw©‘² Ah©{V'' (^J.JrVm.2&17) BË`ÝV‘² CŠV‘².Vñ‘mX² Z A{ZË`Ëd‘².

ñ`mX² EVX² *~«÷U… EH${dYËdoZ OJV… M AZoH${dYËdoZ Z VÐÿnËd‘²*B{V, VX² `Wm VWm AdYo{h ""`Vmo dm B‘m{Z yVm{Z Om`ÝVo, oZ OmVm{ZOrdpÝV, V² à`pÝV, A{^g§{depÝV'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1) B{V ""AmZÝXmÕçodIbw B‘m{Z ^yVm{Z Om`ÝVo, AmZÝXoZ OmVm{Z OrdpÝV, AmZÝX§ à`pÝVA{^g§{depÝV'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&2), ""àOmn{V… AH$m‘`V "àOm… g¥Oo 'B{V g Vnmo AVß`V. g gdm©Z² Ag¥OV'' (V¡{Îm.g§{h.3&1&1&1), ""Ah§gd©ñ` à^d…'' (^J.JrVm.10&8), ""`ñ` AÝV…ñWm{Z ^yVm{Z''(^J.JrVm.8&22), ""`Wm AmH$mepñWV…'' (^J.JrVm.9&6), ""{nVm Ah‘²Añ` OJV…... J{V… ^Vm© à^w… gmjr'' (^J.JrVm.9&17-18), ""‘‘`mo{Z… ‘hX² ~«÷'' (^J.JrVm.14&3), ""OÝ‘mÚñ` `V…'' (~«.gy.1&1&2)BË`m{X lw{Vñ‘¥{VgyÌ¡… ~«÷U… gd©H$V¥©Ëd§ g‘dm{`H$maUËd§ VX{YH$aUËd§ MAmJV‘². VWm g{V Z{h H$m ª g‘dm{`H$maUmX² {^ÝZ§ ‘¥X²KQ>dV². VWmM KQ>mZm‘²

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AZoH${dYËdo@{n ‘¥X… EH${dYËdo@{n Z VX²{^ÝZËd§ {H$ÝVw n[aUm‘o VÐÿnËd‘od,‘¥Úod n ©dgmZmV². VWm OJVmo A{ZË`Ëdo ~«ô‘U… M {ZË`Ëdo@{n Z {^ÝZËd§,~«ô‘Ê od n ©dgmZmV². AVEd g‘dm{`H$maUZmeo H$m ©Zme… Vñ‘mV² VX{^ÝZ‘²B{V Vm{H©$H$m…. BhVw VÛ¡narË oZ¡d ì`mpßV… B{V J¥hmU. ZZw AÌ H$modm n[aUm‘…?^Jd{XÀN>mYrZmkmZ{Zd¥{Îmaod. AVEd {Zd¥ÎmmkmZmZm§ ~«÷{dXm§ gdª VXmË‘H$‘²B{V ‘{V…. *ZZw V{h© {dH$m`©Ëd§ ‘¥X²dX²* B{V MoV² ñ`mXod, ñ`mX² `{Xg‘dm{`H$maUËd‘² A{YH$aUËd‘mÌ‘² B{V, ZVw Ed§ H$V¥©Ëdñ`m{n gËdmV². Z{h‘¥{X H$V¥ ©Ëd§, OS>ËdmV². V{h© ÑîQ>mÝVd¡få`‘² B{V MoX ² Z, XmîQ>m ©ÝVoÑîQ>mÝVr``pËH$pÄMÕ‘©J«mh² ËdmV². AÝ`Wm ‘wIo@{n MÝÐJVH$b§{H$Ëdmn{Îm… B{V.

Ûm ""gd¡ gd©‘² BX§ OJX²'' (‘hmZm.Cn.23&1), ""nwéfEd BX§ gd©‘²''(nwé.gy.1), ""gdª Ibw BX§ ~«÷'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&1), ""EoVXmËå`‘² BX§gdª'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&8&7), ""dmgwXod… gd©‘²'' (^J.JrVm.7&19)BË`m{Xlw{Vñ‘¥{V{^aod B{V gwJ‘… nÝWm…. AVEd ""AIÊS§> H¥$îUdV² gd©‘²''(V.Xr.{Z.2&182) B{V ""OJËH$Vm© OJÝ‘`…'' (nwé.gh.Zm.1&10) B{VdmJYreMaU¡….

ñ`mX² EVX² *~«÷Umo {ZJw©UËdo A‘wî` gJwUËdo H$W§ VÐÿnËd‘²? B{V, VWm{h""AWmV AmXoemo "Z'B{V-"Z'B{V'' (~¥h.Cn.2&3&6), ""AñWyb‘² AZUw''(~¥h.Cn.3&8&8), ""AàmUmo {h A‘Zm…'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.2&1&2), ""`Vmo dmMmo{ZdV©ÝVo'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&4&5), ""gd}pÝÐ`{dd{O©V§'' (^J.JrVm.13&14),""Z gV² VX² Z AgX² CÀ`Vo'' (^J.JrVm.13&12), ""Aì`ŠVmo A`‘²A{MÝË`mo A`‘²'' (^J.JrVm.2&25), ""gd¡ Z Xodmgwa‘Ë`©{V`©H²$''(^mJ.nwam.8&3&24), ""Aê$ndXod {h...'' (~«.gy.3&2&113), ""àH¥$V¡VmdËd§{h...'' (~«.gy.3&2&4) BË`m{Xlw{Vñ‘¥{VnwamUVËdgyÌ¡… VWmËdà{VnmXZmV².`wŠVÄM EVX² `{X Ed§ Z ñ`mV² VXm Añ‘mV² gJwUñ` n[apÀN>ÝZËdmX²Aì`mnH$Ëd‘od. Vñ‘mX² BX‘od gmYw* B{V MoX² d`§ Z ghm‘ho, {déÕËdmV².VWm{h ~«÷Umo Abm¡{H$H$ËdoZ lwË`oH$g‘{YJå`ËdmV² VmgmÄM ""AñWyb‘²AZUw'' (~¥h.Cn.3&8&8), ""ghòerfm© nwéf…'' (nwé.gy.2) BË`m{XZmC^`{dYà{VnmXH$ËdmV² nañnam{damoYm` {H$‘² AmÑV‘²? CnOrì`monOrdH$^mdoZ

EH$Va~mYñVw dŠVw‘² AeŠ`…, VËdoZ¡d Vm¡ë`mV². gÝXohmX² AbjU‘² BË`{nVWm, Vd eyÝ`dmXàdoemnÎmo…. VWm g{V Voîdod AÝV^m©doZ Mm[aVmÏ } {H$‘W©‘²EVmdX² Jm¡ad‘² A{YH$‘² AV… VWm BË`{n AdYma`.

Vñ‘mX² ì`m»`mZVmo {deofà{Vn{Îm… B{V ‘ÝVì`‘². VWmM e¥Uwîd Am{hV…gÝXohdmaUmWª emñÌmUm§ àd¥{Îm…. gM VÎdkmZmXod. VÁkmZÄM emñÌmXod. VÌ¡dgÝXoho CÎmamoÎmaemñÌV… VX²JV`wpŠV{^… M ì`dñWm H$V©ì`m. VWm{h lw{VfwC^`{dYà{VnmXZmV² ""qH$ bjU§ VX²?'' B{V ~«÷{Okmgm`m‘² ""AWmVmo~«÷{Okmgm'' BË`ZÝVa§ ""OÝ‘mÚñ`...'' (~«.gy.1&1&1-2) B{V AdXV²gyÌH$maEd. AÝ`Wm OJËH$V¥©Ëd§ Z ñ`mV² ñdmVÝË`m^mdmV². *ZZw Am¡nm{YH$na‘odVX²* B{V MoX² Z, ""Jm¡U… MoX² Z, "AmË‘'eãXmV², VpÝZîR>ñ` ‘mojmonXoemX²,ho ËdmdMZmV² M'' (~«.gy.1&1&5-7) B{VgyÌ{damoY…. Z{h Am¡nm{YH${ZîR>ñ`‘moj…. {H$ÄM Am¡nm{YH$Ëdo OrdVwë`V`m àË`wV ho`Ëd{‘{V A{J«‘{damoY….ì`mgñ` Agd©kËd§ M VÁOkmg o{V Vñ`m{n VWmËd§ ‘ÝdmZmo ~mh² Ed, Vofm§^JdXdVmaËdmV ². AVEd ""Aê$ndXod {h... àH¥$V¡VmdËd§ {h''(~«.gy.3&2&14-22) B{V. A`‘² AW©… : ê$ß`Vo B{V ê$n§ ì`dhma{df`… VÛV²gd©‘². BXÝVw BVmo {dbjU§, ì`dhma{df`dX² Z d{V B{V mdV². B{V ì wËnË`mH$am{X {^ÝZ§ VÛmZ² {^ÝZ… B{V bmoHo$ `Wm, VWm Z AÌ {H$ÝVw H$am{XVmo A{^ÝZ‘²BË`{n. Vofm‘od VÐÿnËdmX² ê$nñ`m{n ê$n‘². AÝ`Wm ""Aê$n‘od {h'' B{VCŠV§ ñ`mV². *ZZw JwUmZm§ H$W§ VÐÿnËd‘²?* B{V MoV² H$b`, ""VËàYmZËdmX²''(VÌ¡d) B{V A{J«‘oU AdJå`ËdmV². EVoZ ""naåna`m ~«÷à{VnmXH$ËdmV²gJwU{Zê$nH$mUm‘² CnOrdH$Ëd‘²'' BË`{n {ZañV§, ê$nê$nà{VnmXH$ËdmV².Vñ` A oXoZ ~«÷ËdmV² àË wV Vmgm§ VWmËd{ZfoY‘² AJ«oH¥$Ë` à{VnmXH$ËdmV².gd©WmVw gdm©gm§ VËà{VnmXH$ËdoZ¡d gd©V… CnOrdH$Ëd‘od. AVEd ""àH¥$V¡VmdËd§{h' B{V "àH¥$Vo'=bmoHo$ X² "EVmdËd§'=ñWybËdm{X; AWdm bm¡{H$H$‘² "EVmdËd§'VXm{X Vñ` {ZfoY…. AÝ`Wm "àH¥$V'nXñ` "EVmdV²'nXñ` M "gd©‘²'BË`W©H$ËdmV²"àH¥$V'-"EVmdËd‘²' BË`Z`mo… EH$‘od CŠV§ ñ`mV² à`moOZm^mdmX² Jm¡admV² M.Ed§ g{V {ZJw ©UËd§ bm¡{H$H$JwUmZ{YH$aUËd‘² B{V AmJV‘². AVEd""AmZÝX‘mÌH$anmX‘wImoXam{X…'' (?) B{V AmZÝX‘mÌËdoZ bmoH${^ÝZËd§H$am{X‘ÎdoZ gJwUËd‘². *ZZw VWmËdo n[apÀN>ÝZËdmX² Aì`mnH$Ëd‘²* B{V MoX² Z,

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VX²{d{eîQ>ñ`¡d VWmËdoZ lw{Và{Vnm{XVËdmV². VWm{h ""`… n¥{Wì`m§ {VîR>Z²n¥{Wdr‘² AÝVamo, § n¥{Wdr Z doX, `ñ` n¥{Wdr eara§, `… n¥{Wdr‘² AÝVamo`‘`{V, g V AmË‘m AÝV`m©‘r A‘¥V…'' (~¥h.Cn.3&7&3) B{V ""ghòerfm©nwéf… ghòmj… ghònmV² g yq‘ {dídVmo d¥Ëdm AË`{VîR>X²'' (nwé.gy.1)BË`m{XZm. AVEd ""àmH¥$VY‘m©Zml`‘² AàmH¥$V{ZpIbY‘©ê$n‘² B{V {ZJ‘à{VnmÚ§`V² VV² ewÕ‘²'' B{V Ap½ZHw$‘ma¡….

*ZZw lwË wŠVËdoZ¡d VWmËd‘² B{V ~«yfo V{h© VXwŠVm… Vo@{n bm¡{H$H$mEd* B{VMoX² Z, Ahmo lw{Vàm‘mÊ`dm{XVm nydm}ŠVlw{VàUrVmZoH$bjUb{jVmo bmoHo$ì`mnH$ËdoZ H$píMX² ÑîQ>… MoX² ‘‘m{n CnXe©`

*ZZw Aà{gÕmZ{n ~moYZmWª {ZfoY{V gm* B{V MoX² Z, OJXàVrVo…. VWm{hY‘©à{VnmXH$lwË`ZwamoYoZ Y‘m©Z² Amamoß` {ZfoY{V B{V Vd A{^‘V§, Z{hVÀN®>{V{gÕ§ `X² Amamoß` {ZfoY{V. ZM *bmoH${gÕ‘od VX² AZyÚ {ZfoY{V* B{VdmÀ §, Vd Ed§ dXVmoì`mKmVmX² ~m{YV{df`ËdmnVo… M. ""àjm{bVmX² {h''B{V Ý`m`mV² M, AÝ`moÝ`ml`mV² M. EVoZ {ZY©‘©H$Ëd§ bm¡{H$H$Y‘©am{hË`‘² BË`{nko ‘². Vñ‘mX² AZoZ nWm {ZJw©UËd§ gJwUËd§ ì`mnH$Ëd§ M ~«÷U….

`Ûm ""VX² EO{V VX² Z EO{V VX² Xyao VXw ApÝVHo$'' (em.Cn.5),""Anm{UnmXmo OdZmo J«hrVm'' (ídoVm.Cn.3&19), ""AUmo… AUr`mZ²‘hVmo ‘hr`mZ²'' (H$R>mon.1&2&20), ""AgŠV§ gd© ¥V² M¡d {ZJw©U§ JwU^moŠV¥M ~{h… AÝV… M ^yVmZm‘² AMa§ Ma‘od M'' (^J.JrVm.13&14),""AmH$me{‘d Ho$db§'' (^mJ.nwam.10&63&34), ""Zm{^… Z^mo Ap½Z…''(^mJ.nwam.10&63&35) BË`m{X-lw{Vñ‘¥{VnwamU-dmŠ`moŠV-{déÕgd©-Y‘m©-YmaËdoZm{n. AVEd ""AZÝV‘y{V© VX² ~«÷ {h A{d^ŠV§ {d^pŠV‘X²''(V.Xr.{Z.1&26) B{V lr‘XmMm £…. EVoZ bm¡{H$H$mbm¡{H$H$ËdoZm{n EVÀN>L²H$m{ZañVm, gd©ñ` VÐÿnËdmV². VWmM Apñ‘Z² ^JdX²~w{Õ{dnarV~w{Õ‘Ëd‘odbm¡{H$H$Ëd‘² B{V OmZr{h. EVX{n ËdËg‘mYmZm` dñVwVñVw gd©gm‘Ï`©g{hVogd©ê$n~«÷{U Z H$m o@{n {dam oYm o, ""Z{h {damoY… C^`§ ^Jd{V''

(^mJ.nwam.6&9&36) B{V gyÌH$mamoŠVËdmV². {dñVañVw {dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zo AZwgÝYo …B{V {XH²$.

~«÷ê$no ànÄMo@pñ‘Z² dm{XZm n[aH$pënVm&&ñd «‘mV² {H$`Vr e§H$m `Wm‘{V {Zdm[aVm&&3&&{d^mì` XyfUr § MoV² gÝVmof§ àmßñ`go ~wY…&&AÝ`Wm ‘‘ H$m hm{Z… na§ gm `mñ`{V Ëd{`&&4&&lr{dÆ>bnXga{gOZ{VV{V‘wŠVmpIbmkmZ…&&{dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zga{U… AMrŠb¥nX² {J[aYa… {H$pÄMV²&&5&&EVoZmñ‘Ën{V… `mo@pñV à w… lrÛmaHo$ída…&&gEd {h àgÝZmo@ñVw qH$ d¥Wm ~hþ mfU¡…&&6&&

B{V lr‘X²Jmoñdm‘r lr{J[aYa{da{MV… ànÄMdmX…gånyU©…

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dmXmdë`m§ &&~«ô‘dmX…&&*

(‘§JbmMaUoZ {df`monH«$‘…) {deof¡… àmH¥$V¡… eyÝ`‘² AàmH¥$V{deofdV²&&Aeofmon{ZfX²doÚ§ na§ ~«ô‘ d § ñVw‘…&&1&&

(~«ô‘U… àmH¥$V{deofa{hVËdo g{V AàmH¥$V{deofdÎdo e§H$monjon…) *ZZw H$m o@`‘² Anyd©… àñVmd…? ZM *H$W‘² Añ` Anyd©Ëd‘²?

{ZpIbà‘mU{gÕËdmX²* B{V dmÀ`§, gdm©J‘{déÕËdmV². VWm{h ""gdª IbwBX§ ~«ô‘. VÁObmZ² B{V'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&1), ""EH$mo Ah§ ~hþ ñ`m‘''(?), ""g h EVmdmZ² Amg'' (~¥h.Cn.1&4&3), ""Ah§ gd©ñ` OJV…à^d… àb`… VWm'' (^J.JrVm.10&8), ""OÝ‘mÚñ` V… emñÌ`mo{ZËdmV²''(~«.gy.1&1&2) BË`m{Xlw{Vñ‘¥{VgyÌ¡… gd©ñ`m{n OJVmo ~«ô‘mË‘H$Ëdo AdYm[aVoVXÝV…nm{VZm‘{n Vofm§ VÎd‘odo{V H$W§ {deofmUm§ àmH¥$VËd‘²? H$W§dm VpÝZfoY…*B{V MoV²

(lw{VgyÌnwamUm{XdMZmZm§ ñdma{gH$ì`m»`mZoZ VpÝZamg…) gË`‘² ""gd¡ Z¡d ao‘o Vñ‘mX² EH$mH$s Z a‘Vo. g {ÛVr`‘² EoÀN>V²''

(~¥h.Cn.1&3&3), ""Ah§ ~hþ ñ`m‘'' (?) B{V lwË oH$dmŠ`Vm`m§

*CnbãYmgw gdm©gw ‘mV¥H$mgw, J«ÝWH$Ìm© dm {bpIVofw AZw{b{nH$Ìm© dmH$pënVofw, dmŠ`mZmH$m§{jVnXdmŠ`mZm§ dmŠ`ofw à`moJm{VaoHo$U A{^àm`~moYoAVrdH$m{R>Ý`‘² AZw^y` J«ÝWH$Vw©íM gwd¡Xwî`nyU©{df`monÝ`mg§ M g‘dYm`©Šd{MV²-Šd{MX² AZno{jVnXdmŠ`mZm§ g§jonUg§emoYZn[adV©Zm{Z H¥$Vm{Z B{V{dkmn`Z² jå`mo {h A § gånmXH$….

a‘UmW©‘od Zm‘ê$nd¡{MÍ`oU ñdm{d^m©doÀN>m§ H¥$VdmZ² B{V AWm} bä`Vo.d¡{MÍ`ÄM CÀMmdMËdH¥$V§, VÀM Ý`yZm{YH$m§e‘² AÝVam Z gå^dVr{VAZÝVepŠVËdmV² gpÀMXmZÝXm§emZod WmZwê$ß oU {Vamo mì` OS>OrdmÝV`m©{‘ê$noUñd § àmXw y©V… ""`Wm gwXrßVmV² nmdH$mV²'' (‘wÊS>.Cn.2&11) B{V ‘wÊS>H$lwVo….

Am{d^m©dñVw {dÚ‘mZñ` dñVwZmo AZw d{df`Vm`mo½`Ëd§ VX`mo½`Ëd§ M {Vamo md….AÌ AZw dñVw O¡dmo J«mh² mo OrdmÝV`m©{‘gmYmaUmo dm.

VÌ {Vam o {hV{MXmZÝXËd o OS >Ëd § {Vam o {hVmZÝXËd o OrdËd‘ ².à{V{~å~Ëdm{Xê$n‘{n BX‘od ko ‘². Am{d ©yVmZÝXËdo ~«ô‘Ëd‘². VXoVX² CŠV§""Am^mgà{V{~å~Ëd‘² Ed§ Vñ`'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&57) BË`m{XZm AmMm ©MaU¡…{Z~ÝYo. A{Vamo{hVgpÀMXmZÝXm§eÌ`Ëd‘² AÝV`m©{‘Ëd‘² B{V. Ed‘od"^J'eãXdmÀ`mZm‘² Eoíd`m©{XfÊUm‘{n Y‘m©Um§ {Vamo md‘² A{dÚmgå~ÝYoZ OrdoH¥$VdmZ². VW¡d ~ÝYmo OÝ‘‘aUXohm{XamJê$n§ {dnarVkmZ§ M A{dÚ ¡d ""~ÝYmoAñ` A{dÚ`m'' (^mJ.nwam.11&11&4) B{V dmŠ`mX² Ordñ ¡d Z AÝ``mo…à`moOZm^mdmV². ""nam{^Ü`mZmÎmw {Vamo{hV§ VVmo {h Añ` ~ÝY{dn`©`m¡''(~«.gy.3&2&5) B{V d¡ mggyÌmX{n VWm. OSo>Vw {M{Îmamo mdmXod Eoíd`m©XrZm‘{nVWm, MoVZY‘©ËdmV² Vofm‘². VWmM EVmÑeñ` Ordñ` ~«ô‘ñdê$no VX²Y‘}fw M{dnarVkmZ‘² Am{dÚH§$ {h d{V. VÀM OS>Ordê$no ~«ô‘{U A~«ô‘ËdoZ kmZ‘².BX‘ od ñdê$nmkmZ‘ ² . gË`ËdmÚZ oH $ mbm ¡ {H $H$Y‘ }f w MAgË`Ëd{dH$m[aËdmÚZoH$bm¡{H$H$Y‘©ËdoZ kmZ‘². EdÄM g{V A{dÚmgå~ÝYoZ{df`rH¥$Vm… bm¡{H$H$m… o OS>OrdY‘m©… VEd àmH¥$V{deofm… Vofm‘² AZml`ËdmV²V¡… eyÝ`‘² B{V AW©…. àH¥${Vgå~ÝYghH¥$VopÝÐ`kmZ{df`Ëd§ àmH¥$VËd‘² B{VbjU§ {gÕ‘².

à‘mUÄM AÌ {Zfo{YH$m… lwV`Ed. A`ÄM ~mYmo AàmßV~mY… VmVu`mo1Z AÌ Xme{‘H$mo Ý`m`…2. {deof¡… àmH¥$V¡… eyÝ`‘² BË oVoZ nXoZ {ZfoYlwV`mo@{n,{ZfoY{df`m… àmH¥$Vm… {deofm… B{V {df`àXe©Z‘wIoZ,

1VmVu`mo ~mY… AàmßV~mY… B{V AW©…. gM Xw~©bà‘mU~mo{YVñ` à~bà‘mUoZ~mYê$n… nyd©‘r‘m§gmgyÌofw V¥Vr`mÜ`m`moŠV…. 2Xme{‘H$mo Ý`m`… nyd©‘r‘m§gmgyÌofwXe‘mÜ`m`o àW‘nmXo Cnnm{XV…. B{V AmÚgånmXH$s`‘².ì`m»`mVm… ko`m…. `Ú{n EVmÑeoZ {ZfoYoZ¡d dú`‘mUmW©{g{Õ… VWm{n{deofmËdmdpÀN>ÝZñ` àmH¥$VËdmV² V{XVaY‘m©Um§ M Aà{gÕo… {dYm`H$lwVo… MAÝ`naËdmX² {Z{d©eof‘od ~«ô‘ {gÜ`{V B{V ‘VmÝVaì`wXñV`o {deofUmÝVa‘²Amh "AàmH¥$V...' B{V, Z àmH¥$Vm… AàmH¥$Vm… àH¥${Vgå~ÝYghH¥$VopÝÐ`m{df`m….BÑJ²{deofdX² B{V AW©…. à‘mUÄM AÌ nydm}XmöVlwË`m{X AmH$bZr`‘².

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(~«ô‘Umo JwUY‘m©Um§ ‘m{`H$ËdoZm{n emñÌdMZì`m»`mZñ` eŠ`ËdoZCŠVmWm©Zwnn{Îmn[ahmam¡)

*ZZw nydm}XmöVlwË`m{Xà{Vnm{XVY‘m©Um‘{n ‘m{`H$ËdmV² H$W§ VWmËd‘²* B{VMoX² ‘m Ed§, Vofm§ ‘m{`H$Ëdo à‘mUm^mdmV². *ZZw {ZfoYlwË`ZwamoYmX² ‘m{`H$Ëd§H$ëß`Vo* B{V MoX² Z, {ZfoYlwVo… àmH¥$V{df`ËdmX². AÝ`Wm nm{UnmXm{X‘Îd§{Z{fÜ` ""OdZmo...'' BË`m{XZm ""nam Añ` epŠV…'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&8)BË`m{XZm M H¥$Vñ` {H«$`mkmZ{dYmZñ` d¡ Ï`m©nÎmo….

(~«ô‘Umo {h CnmgZmWª JwUY‘©H$ënZm B{V Am§eH$m`m… {ZagZ‘²) *ZZw AÝV…H$aUew{ÕhoVynmgZmW©ËdmV² Vofm§ Z d¡ Ï ©‘², ""Anm{U...''

BË`mÚwŠV{Z{d©eof ñ` Ü`mVw‘² AeŠ`ËdmV². ZM *CnmgZmW©‘² Abm¡{H$H$mZm‘odVofm§ {dYmZ‘²* B{V dmÀ §, bmoH$à{gÕËdoZ Vofm§ bm¡{H$H$ËdmV²* B{V MoX² Z¡d§,nmXm{XgmYZa{hVOdZm{X{H « $`m`m… Abm¡{H$H$ËdmV ². ñdê$nkmnZmWª{ZY ©‘ ©H $Ëd{dYmZ‘ ²-CnmñË`W ©ÝV w Y‘ © {dYmZ{‘{V dmŠ`^ oXmnÎm o …,^«mpÝVà{VnÝZ{df`d¡{eï>çoZ CnmgZ`m VÀNw>Õoaod AOZZmV² M. ""AÝ`WmgÝV‘²...'' (VÌ¡d) BË`m{X{ZÝXmlmdUmV² M.

ZM *AgVmo@{n d¡{eï²>çkmZ§ emImMÝÐÝ`m oZ ñdê$nmdJ{VgmYZ{‘{V ZEVÔmofmdga…* B{V dmÀ §, Ñï>mÝVd¡få`mV². Z{h emImdX² ~«ô‘ àË`j§ `pñ‘Z²MÝÐBd Y‘m©… Amamoß`ÝVo. Zm{n nm{UnmXm{Xam{hË o@{n OdZJ¥hrV¥ËdmX`mo Y‘m©…Šd{MV² àË`jm…. VWmM A{Yð>mZm{Yð>o `mo… C^`moa{n AàË`jËdmX² Z Ñï>mÝV~boZVpËg{Õ…. EVoZ¡d AmH$meÑï>mÝVmo@{n {ZañV…. {H$ÄM Amamonmo {h AÝ`Y‘©ñ`AÝ`Ì ñWmnZ‘ ², BËWÄM g{V ñd{Zê$ß`Y‘m ©Um § bm oH$mà{gÕV`mAÝ`Xr`Ëdm^mdmX² AmamonbjUmg§JVo… Z Amamonmo@{n dŠVw§ eŠ`…. AVEd Z{ZfoY{df`Ëd‘{n Vofm§ àVrVñ`¡d {ZfoYmV². ZM *bmoHo$ Añ‘Ô¥J{df`Ëdo@{nlw{VÑ{ï >Jm oMaËd oZ Amam on{ZfYm ¡ Z AZwnnÝZm ¡ * B{V dmÀ`§, bm oH o $‘yVm©‘yV©{dbjUê$ngÎdo ""Ûo dmd... '' (~¥h.Cn.2&3&1) B{V lw{V{damoYmV².ZM *BX‘² Añ‘ÁkmZmZwdmX…* B{V dmÀ §, VWm{n V`mo… AZwnnÎmo…. VWm{h qH$lw{V… XmofÑï>Ñï²>çm ewpŠVaOVdX² BËW§ VmZ² {df`rH$amo{V AWdm JwUÑï>çm aOVo

aOVËddV²? Z AmÚ…, ñdY{‘©ì`{V[aŠVo aOVËddX² AÝ`Ì AXe©ZmX²VX² «‘mZwnnÎmo…. ZM A{dÚmdemX² Añ‘Xm{XOrdopîdd {dnarVkmZ§ lw{Vfw dŠVw§eŠ § VÌ A{dÚmgå~ÝYmZwŠVo…. {ÛVr o VpÝZfoYmZwnnÎmo…. ~«ô‘U… gXoH$agËdmX²Z AdñWm oX….

{H$ÄM CnmgZmW©‘² AgXwnXoeo àVmaH$ËdmnÎmo…. CnmgZmW©ËdoVw Vofm§ gd©V…nm{UnmXËdm{XY‘m©Um§ ~«ô‘dX² Abm¡{H$H$ËdoZ ‘Zgm{n AmH$b{`Vw‘² AeŠ`ËdoZVX²dÎdoZ VXwnmgZm`mEd A{gÕo… VpÝZê$nUmZW©Š`mnÎmo… M {ZamH$mamonmgZmdV²gmH$mamonmgZñ`m{n AeŠ`V`m ^{jVo@{n bewZo Z emÝVmo ì`m{Y… B{VXmofVmXdñÏ`mV² M.

(CnmgZmñdê$n{dMma…) *ZZw CnmgZm`m§ {h d¡{eï²>çkmZ‘² Ano{jV§ VÀM ""ZÚm… H$ÀN>o Jm… MapÝV''

B{VdV² ""gm¡ÝX ©ñ` Va§{JUr'' BË`m{XdX² dm VX²{df`H§$ lm¡V§ emãX‘² AñË odVoZ¡d M {ZamH$m§jm gm Z VËgmjmËH$ma‘² AnojVo B{V Z AZW©H§$ dmŠ`‘²* B{VMoX² Z EVX² wŠV§, VWm{h CnmgZm {h {H$‘² BÀN>m {H«$`m kmZ{deofmo dm? VÌZ AmÚ…, gm qH$ VmdX² Y‘©{d{eï>ñ` Xe©ZoÀN>m, VËàmßVrÀN>m dm, VÁOkmgmdm? {Vg¥Um‘{n dñVwVmo {ZJw©Uo ~«ô‘{U ËdÝ‘Vo Agå^dmV². Z {ÛVr`…, gm{nqH$ VXwÔopí`H$m hmo‘XmZm{Xê$nm {H«$`m qH$dm Ðì`mÚwnMma¡… VXM©Zm{Xê$nm? AmÚoVmÑe{dYoaod Agå^dmX² Z gm. {ÛVr o A{Z{X©í o VXgå^dmX² Z VÐÿnm{n gm.V¥Vr`oVw ‘ZZê$n§ VX² dŠVì`§ VWm g{V {ZJw©U~«ô‘‘ZZñ`m{n eŠ`ËdoZVX²d¡{eï²>çkmZ‘² A{H$pÄMËH$a‘od, {Z`‘oZ VËH$aUËdm^mdmV².

*ZZw Z A{H$pÄMËH$aËd§, ~w{ÕñW¡ ©Ûmam {ZJw©U‘ZZmW©‘od VÝ‘ZZm§JrH$mamX²*B{V M oX ² Z, g{de of‘ZZdX ² {Z{d ©e of‘ZZ o@{nVËà{VnmXH$dmŠ`mW ©~m oYm {V[aŠVgmYZmÝVamZn ojUmV ² . Ñí`V o@{nBXmZrÝVZn[ad«mOHo$fw {dZ¡d CnmgZm§ VVEd ‘ZZ‘².

(~«ô‘Umo {h CnmgZmWª ‘m{`H$JwUY‘©Ëdgå^mdZmàgŠVm¡ ‘m{`H$Ëd-ñdê$n{dMma…)

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AW *‘m`mOÝ`Ëd‘od ‘m{`H$Ëd‘²* B{V MoV², VÌ ~«y‘… : ‘m`m`m… g‘dm{`Ëd‘²Ag‘dm{`Ëd§ {Z{‘ÎmËd§ dm? Z AmÚ…, ‘m`mY‘©ËdmnÎmo…, g‘doVmZm§g‘dm{`Y‘©ËdmV². Z {ÛVr`…, g‘dm{`H$maUo ~«ô‘{U H$m £H$mW©-H$maU¡H$mW©-àË`mgÎ`mo… A^mdmV². V¥Vr`oVw XÊS>MH«$m{XdV² ‘m`m{Z{‘ÎmH$Y‘©d{V ~«ô‘{UdñVwV… VmÑeY‘©{gÕçm {Z{d©eofm{gÕo…. {H$ÄM XÊS>m{XdX² ‘m`m`mA{nH$V¥©à`moÁ`Ëd{Z`‘oZ H$Vw©… à`moOH$Ëdñ` Adí §dmÀ`ËdoZ Vñ` M ‘m`mgå~ÝYmV²nyd©‘{n gÎdmdí`H$ËdmX² Y‘m©Um§ ‘m{`H$Ëdm{gÕo… M.

(~«ô‘JwUY‘m©Um§ ‘m{`H$ËdmoŠË`m ‘m`mñdê$n{dMma…) AW CnamJñZmZdX² OÝ`Vm AñVw VÌm{n CÀ`Vo : VXm gm ‘m`m {ZË`m CV

H$mXm{MËH$s? {ZË`Ëdo AÛ¡Vhm{Z… VpÝZË`ËdoZ Y‘m©Um§ Mm{n {ZË`ËdmnÎ`m{ZfoYmZwnn{Îm… M. ‘m`m`m… H$mXm{MËH$ËdoVw Y‘m©Um§ g{Z{‘ÎmH$ËdoZ ~«ô‘{UY‘©gX² mdmo@{n H$mXm{MËH$Ed ñ`mV², VoZ {ZY©‘©H$~«ô‘kmZñ` ‘wŠË`Wª Anojm`m…Z¡aW©Š`mn{Îma{n.

(‘m`m`m… AZm{XgmÝVVm{ZagZmZwf§{JH§$ àmJ^md{ZagZ‘²) *ZZw AñVw àmJ^mddX² AZm{XgmÝVËdnj… V¥Vr`…* B{V MoX² Z, AZm{XËdo

à‘mUm^mdmV². *ZZw gm{XËdñ` AÑï>ËdmXod AZm{XËd‘² AZwŠV{gÕ‘od ""~ÝYmoAñ` A{dÚ`m'' (^mJ.nwam.11&11&4) B{V dmŠ`mV² M VWm* B{V MoV²,gË`‘², Ú{n Añ‘Xm{XÑï>§ Z gm{XËd§ VWm{n Z AZm{XËd§ VÎdo ~«ô‘Vwë`VmnÎmo….VWm{n ""Z VËg‘…...'' (ídoVm.Cn. 6&8) B{V lw{V{damoY… ""gXod...EH$‘odm{ÛVr`‘²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) BË`m{Xlw{V{damoY… M. ZM *gmÝËdmX²Z VÎmm¡ë`‘²* B{V dmÀ §, gd©Wm AZm{X{gÕñ` gmÝVËdm^mdmX² ~«ô‘dX² OÝ`ñ ¡d^mdñ` gmÝVËd{Z`‘mV². ZM *àmJ^mdÑï>mÝVm o AÌ CŠVm o * ` wŠV…,EVpÝZ`‘mZ§JrH$maoVw EVÔ¥ï>mÝV~boZ AmË‘Zmo@{n gmÝVËdmnÎ`m Ñï>mÝVñ`m{nA{gÕo…. *ZZw ""Bh H$nmbo KQ>mo ^{dî`{V'' B{V àVrË`Ý`WmZwnn{Îm{gÕ…g…* B{V MoX² Z Ed§, ^{dî`ËH$mbmdpÀN>ÝZKQ>gÎmm{df`ËdmV² àVrVo…. ñ`mX²EVV² : ""Bh H$nmbo ZoXmZt KQ>…'' B{V àVr{V~bmV² VpËg{Õ…, Z{h A`‘²AË`ÝVm^md§ Üd§g§ dm AdJmhVo, nyd©ñ` {ZË`{gÕËdmX² {ÛVr`ñ`Vw Ho$Zm{nAH$aUmV². AV… n[aeofmV² àmJ^md{g{Õ…* B{V, `{X {Vamo^mdmdJm{hËd§EVËàË``ñ` Z ñ`mV². Z{h {Vamo md… àmJ^mdmo Üd§go@{n {Vamo mdàVrVo….

(àgŠVmZwàgŠVV`m A^mddmX{ZagZoZ Am{d^m©d{Vamo^mddmX-ñWmnZ‘²)

ZZw H$… V{h© A § {Vamo md…? AÌ ~«y‘… : {dÚ‘mZñ` dñVwZmo Xe©Zm`mo½`Ëd§VV². VÀM ^JdX¡pÀN>H$‘².

*ZZw B©ídaoÀN>m`m… {ZË`ËdoZ {gg¥jmgpÄOhrf©`moa{n {ZË`ËdoZ V`moa{n{ZË`ËdmnÎ`m C^`moa{n {ZË`mZwd¥{Îm[a{V V`mo… EH$dñVw{df`ËdoZ VËgJ©àb``mo…{ZË`ËdmnÎ`m V`mo… AÝ`Vañ`m{n AeŠ`{Zê$nUmn{Îm…. AWdm ""Z BXmZtKQ>…'' B{V àË``mo AË`ÝVm^md{df`mo AñVw. ZM "BXmZr‘²' BË`ñ` AZwnn{Îm…,Vñ` {ZË`ËdmX²* B{V MoX² Z, ËdÝ‘Vr`àmJ^mdñ`m{n VXmZr‘² CËnÎ`^mdoZVXZwnnÎmo… Vm¡ë`mX² AZm{XËd §Jàg§JmV² M; Üd§go AngaUo M VWm àVrVo… M.*ZZw V{h© KQ>moËnÎmmd{n VmÑJ^mdàË``mn{Îm…* B{V MoX² Z, KQ>dÎmm~wÕo…à{V~ÝYH$ËdmV ² . {H$ÄM KQ > mË`ÝVm^mdñ`KQ>ËdmdÀN>oXH$mdpÀN>ÝZà{V`mo{JVmH$ËdmX² EVX²KQ>mË`ÝVm^mdñ`m{n VÌm{ngÎdmV² VX²{df`H$ËdoZ¡d VmÑeàVrË wnnÎmo… Z VXZwamoYoZ A{V[aŠVm^mdH$ënZmwŠVm Jm¡admV².

*ZZ w V{h © VmÑem^mdñ` {ZË`ËdmX ² KQ > mZ w Ën{Îmàg §JB{VKQ>mÝVar`mË`ÝVm^mdEd, ZVw EVX²KQ>mË`ÝVm^md… VÌ B{V Vñ`¡d n[aeofmV²{g{Õ…, ’$b‘wIJm¡adñ` AXwï>ËdmV². VX²dÎmm~wÕo… VX^mddÎmm~w{Õà{V~ÝYH$ËdmV²KQ>moËn{Îm{Zdm©h… M* B{V MoX², ZmÌ àVr{V‘mÌñ` {dMma… {H$ÝVw CËnÎmoa{n. Ed§g{V à{V~ÝYH$s yVñ` àmJ^mdñ` CËnÎmo… àmH²$ AZm{X{gÕV`m gÎdoZ KQ>moËnÎmoaoddŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdoZ VX²dÎmm~wÕoaod AZwX`mV². AÝ`Wm dm`m¡ ê$nmÚwËn{Îmàg§JmX².KQ>Ëdgm‘mZm{YH$aÊ`oZ VÌ VX^mdJ«hUo KQ>ËdmdÀN>oXH$mdpÀN>ÝZmZm§ gd}fm§H$m ©ËdoZ¡d CËn{Îm‘Îm`m VX^mdñ` Ì¡H$m{bH$Ëdm{gÕo… VXË`ÝVm^mdm{g{Õàg§JmV².

ñ`mX² EVV² : *nyd§© ""KQ>m^mddX² yVb‘²'' B{V ~w{Õ…. VÌM KQ>o AmZrVo""KQ>dX² yVb‘²'' B{V ~w{Õ…. VÌ Z VX^md~w{Õ…, VX²~w{Õà{V~ÕËdmV². VWmMà{V~Ü`~wÕçÝ`WmZwnnÎ ¡d VpËg{Õ… ÜdñVB{V ~wÕç^mdmX² Z Üd§gmo {df`…*B{V, {H$ÝVw VÌ KQ>~w{Õgm‘mZm{YH$aÊ`oZ KQ>m^mdJ«h… qH$dm VXdÀN>oXoZ?

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AmÚo `pËH$pÄMX²KQ>dÎmm~w{Õàg§J…. {ÛVr`… MoV² gd©Ìm{n gEd AñVw H¥$V§VËgm‘mZm{YH$aÊ`oZ VX^mdà`mgoZ. ZM Vñ` VËà{V~ÝYH$Ëd§ KQ>ê$noUAm{d^m©doÀN>`m‘² A^mdJ«hUê$nñ` {VamoYmZmV² gd©ñ`¡d ì`d{õ`‘mUËdmV²gd©ì`dhmamW©‘od VËàmH$Q²>çmV². ZM *Ed§ {dÛÝ‘ÊS>ZmoŠVo A{ZË`ËdbjUo Xmof…*

ñ`mV², VÌ C^`mo… V`mo… ËdÐrË`¡d {Zê$nUoZ XmofàXe©ZmW©ËdmV². dñVwVmoA^mdà{V`mo{JËd§ VÎd‘², BË`Ì¡d VmËn`m©V². ZM Ed§ ~«ô‘Umo A{ZË`Ëdàg§J…V`mo… H$m`©Y‘©ËdmV².

(àH¥$V{df`ñ` àmH¥$V{deofa{hËdo g{V AàmH¥$V{deofdÎdñ`AZwgÝYmZ‘²)

àH¥$V‘² AZwgam‘… : VWmM Y‘m©Um§ ‘m{`H$Ëdm^mdmV² {gÕ‘² AàmH¥$VY‘©Ëd§~«ô‘U…. AÌ¡d hoVwJ^©{deofU‘² Amh "Aeofmon{ZfX²doÚ‘²' B{V, Z {dÚVo{deofmo `mgw Vm… (Aeofm…), VV… H$‘©Yma`… (Aeofm… Vm… M Cn{ZfX…) VV…VËnwéf… (Vm{^… doÚ‘² Aeofmon{ZfX²doÚ‘². gdm}n{ZfËà{VnmÚ‘² B{V AW©….Añ` VÎdÝVw BËW§ ~moÜ § : `{X Y‘m©… àmH¥$Vm… ñ w… V{h© V{Û{eï>§ ~«ô‘ Z ^doV².VWm g{V àmH¥$VY‘©à{VnmXH$doXmÝVmZm‘² A~«ô‘naËdo ""gd} doXm… `ËnX‘²''(H$R>m on. 2&1&15) BË`m{XdmŠ`m{Z ì`mHw $ß` oaZ ², Am ¡n{ZfXËd‘{nàmH¥$VVÎdgmYmaU§ ñ`mV². AV… B©ÑedmŠ`mÝ`WmZwnn{Îmaod {deofmUm‘² AàmH¥$VËd§gmY`{V B{V gw{Y{^… Adgo`‘².

AW *B § Z XyfUg§J{V… AVmpÎdH$ oXmoaarH$aUmV²* B{V MoX², Z Ed§ dŠVw§wŠV§, VWm{h AVmpÎdH$Ëd§ {h Am¡nm{YH$Ëd‘² Am wî‘Vm dmÀ`‘². VÌ Cnm{Y…

‘m`¡d VÌ gm qH$ gdª ~«ô‘ ì`mßZmo{V CV EH$Xoe‘²? AmÚo A{^ì`mßVoaodAgå^d…, n[apÀN>ÝZEd VËgå^dmV². CÎmao gm§eËdmn{Îm…, ""Ag§Jmo {h A`‘²''(~¥h.Cn.4&3&15) BË`m{X{damoY… M.

*ZZw "KQ>mdpÀN>ÝZ… AmH$me…' B{V AmH$medX² ‘m`mdpÀN>ÝZËdo@{n Zgm§eËdmn{Îm…* B{V MoX² ‘m Ed§, d¡bjÊ oZ Vñ` Ñï>mÝVËdm{gÕo…, Vñ` H$m ©ËdoZgm§eËdmV². ZM gm§eËdo J«mh² Vmn{Îm…, dm wdX² AJ«mh² ËdmV². *ZZw Šd{MX² dm`moa{nJ«mh² Ëd§ {Zê$ß`Vo* B{V MoX² Z, ÛçUwH$ñ` J«mh² VmnÎmo…. *ZZw A`mo½`ËdmX² Z

VX²J«h…* B{V MoX², AÌm{n VWm. ‘hÎdm^md{Z~ÝYZ§ {h VÌ A`mo½`Ëd‘². AÌm{nñnem©^md{Z~ÝYZ§ V{X{V g‘…g‘m{Y….

ZM *gm§eËdo VÝZmemn{Îm…* B{V dmÀ`‘², Bï>mnÎmo…. AÝ`ÀM AdÀN>oXH§${h ì`dÀN>oXH§$, `Wm KQ>Ëd§ nQ>mX² ì`dÀN>oXH§$ VWm AÌm{n KQ>mÚwnm{Yê$n‘²AdÀN>oXH§$ ‘hmH$memX² A§{eZ… ñdmZwê$n§ ñdënmH$meê$n‘² A§e§ n[apÀN>ZÎmr{V"KQ>mdpÀN>ÝZ… AmH$me…' B{V àË``ñVw CnnÝZ…. ~«ô‘{UVw VWm dŠVw‘²AeŠ`ËdmV² H$W§ ‘m`mdpÀN>ÝZVm B{V AdYm ©‘².

(VÌ ‘m`m~«ô‘U… àgŠVmZwàgŠV… gå~ÝY{dMma…) {H$ÄM ~«ô‘‘m``mo… H$… gå~ÝY…? Z VmdV² g§`moJmo AOg§`moJ{ZfoYmV²

g§ moJbjUm^mdmV² M. V`mo… AÝ`VapñWVo… AZm{lVËdmX² C^`mo… Z g‘dm`….Zm{n ñdê$nbjUmo {deofU{deoî`m{X^mdm^mdoZ Vñ` dŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdmV². *ZZwAñË od {deofU{deoî`^mdmo Xmofm^mdmX²* B{V MoX², Z Ed§ eŠ § dŠVw§, VWm^mdo~«ô‘U… gY‘©H$ËdmnÎmoaod XmofËdmV².

AW *H$V©¥Ëdm{XdX² {deoî`Ëd‘{n ‘m{`H$‘² B{V Z VXmn{Îm… dmñVdËdm^mdmX²*B{V MoX² Z {dH$ënmghËdmV². VWm{h VÌ ‘m{`H$Ëd§ ‘m`mOÝ`Ëd§, ‘m`mgå~ÝYoZàVr`‘mZËd§ dm? AmÚo ~«ô‘U… gY‘©H$Ëdmn{Îm… gX¡H$agËdì`mKmV… M. {ÛVr o""Ag§J...''(~¥h.Cn.4&3&15)lw{V{damoY….

*ZZw Z ~«ô‘{U ‘m`mgå~ÝY§ ~«y‘mo A{nVw Ordo. VWmM Ord{Zð>`m V`mXmofê$n`m {d{MÌm… Y‘m©… àË`mæ`ÝVo, AmaŠVmÚwnZoÌdX²* B{V MoX² Z, Ordñ`~«ô‘m{^ÝZËdoZ VWm dŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdmV², VmgÑemonZoÌdX² ‘m`m`m… VX²Y‘©ËdmnÎmo…M. VWmM ‘m`mgå~ÝYñ` dŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdoZ Am¡nm{YH$^oXmgå^dmX²AàmH¥$VmZoH$Y‘©dÎm`m gdm}n{ZfX²doÚËd§ {gÕ§ ~«ô‘U… B{V {XH²$.

(‘§JbmMaUmoŠVñ` "na‘²' B{V {deofUñ` CnnmXZmong§hmam¡)

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CŠV{deofU{d{eï>§ dñVw {deoî`ËdoZ {Z{X©e{V "na‘²' B{V. gm‘mÝ oZ naËdñ`BpÝÐ`m{Xîd{n ""BpÝÐ`m{U nam{U Amhþ…'' (^J.JrVm.3&42) B{V dmŠ`o.AV… "~«ô‘' B{V gd}ä`mo `V² na§ VX² ~«ô‘ B{V AW©…. ZM *~«ô‘ËdoZ¡d naËdoàmßVo "na'nXmZW©Š`‘²* B{V dmÀ`‘², BpÝÐ`m{XnaËdñ` ko o ~«ô‘Ê`{n gÎdmV²VVmo@{n naËdoZ gmW©Š`mV². *ZZw ""‘hV… na‘² Aì`ŠV‘², Aì`ŠVmV² nwéf…na…, nwéfmX² Z na§ {H$pÄMV², gm H$mð>m gm nam J{V…'' (H$R>mon.1&3&11)B{V lwË`m ""BpÝÐ`m{U nam{U Amhþ…'' (^J.JrVm.3&42) B{V ñ‘¥Ë`m M~«ô‘{^ÝZñ` naËdm^mdmV² H$W§ VËnaËd‘²* B{V MoX², AÌ CÀ`Vo : CŠVlw{VdmŠ o"nwéf'nX§ Z na~«ô‘dmMH§$ {H$ÝVw Aja~«ô‘na‘². ñ‘¥VoíM VXZw m{`ËdmV² VÌm{n"~w{Õ'nXoZ Aja§ ~«ô‘¡d ko ‘². ZM AÌ à‘mUm^md… ""Ûm¡ B‘m¡ nwéfm¡ bmoHo$ja… M AjaEd M'' (^J.JrVm.15&16) B{V à‘mUgX² mdmV². VWmM ""Ûm¡B‘m¡...'' B{V dmŠ`mZwamoYmV² jañ` naËdmgå^dmX² Ajana‘od VÌ "nwéf'nX‘².""CÎm‘… nwéfñVw AÝ`…'' (^J.JrVm.15&16) B{V "na‘mË‘'nXoZVËn¥WH²$na~«ô‘{ZX}emV² M. AÝ`ÀM ""~«ô‘{dX² AmßZmo{V na‘²''(V¡{Îm.Cn.2&1) BË`Ì ko mja~«ô‘U… nañ ¡d nwéfmoÎm‘ñ` A{^YmZmV² M. AÌ""~«ô‘...'' BË`m{XnXmW©MVwï>`{ddaU yVm`m§ ""gË § kmZ‘² AZÝV§ ~«ô‘''(V¡{Îm.Cn.2&1) B{V F${M "~«ô‘'-"{dnpíMV²'eãXmä`m§ {dd¥VËdmV² M g§jon….VWmM EVmÑe§ ~«ô‘ dmpÄN>VàXmZoZ Vo "‘wXo'=àrV o AñVw B{V Amerd©MZ‘².

B{V Jmoñdm{‘lraKwZmWmË‘Od«OZmW{da{MV…~«ô‘dmX… gånyU©…

dmXmdë`m§

&&ànÄMg§gma oXdmX…&&

(VÌ ànÄMg§gma oX{Zamgm` nyd©nj…) *ZZw ànÄMg§gma`mo… gË`ËdmgË`Ëdmä`m§ oXmo Z A§JrH$V©ì`mo ‘mZm ^mdmV².

ZmemoËn{Îm wŠVànÄMdX² Am{d^m©d{Vamo mdmdod. VWmM lw{V… ""gË § M AZ¥V§M gË`‘² A^dX²'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&6) B{V. EVXW©ñVw : gË § KQ>nQ>m{Xê$n§ OJX²AZ¥V§ g§gmaê$n§, gË § ~«÷¡d A^dX²* BË od§ àmßVo

(VÌ CÎmanjo ànÄMg§gma^oXmonnmXZ‘²) CÀ`Vo : g§gmañ` gË`Ëdm^mdEd, ^JdËH$m`©Ëdm^mdmV². ""ànÄMmo

^JdËH$m ©… VÐÿnmo ‘m``m A^dV². VÀN>ŠË`m A{dÚ`mVw Añ` Ordg§gma…CÀ`Vo'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&23) B{V {Z~ÝYo CŠV‘². ""~ÝYmo Añ` A{dÚ`mAZm{X…'' (^mJ.nwam.11&11&4) B{V dMZmV² M ‘m`meŠË`{dÚmH$m ©Ëd‘odVñ`. VÌm{n CÀ`V o ZV w OÝ`V o, H$WZ‘mÌ oU ¡d gËd § Z dñV wVm o ,Ordm{^‘mZmË‘H$ËdmX², ""Ah§H$ma{d‘yT>mË‘m H$Vm© Ah‘² B{V ‘Ý`Vo''(^J.JrVm.3&27) B{V lrJrVmdmŠ`mV². Ed§ g{V Am{d^m©d{Vamo mdm¡ Ag§JVmdod,gË`ËdEd V`mo… A§JrH$mamV². Z{h AbrH$Ëdo Vm¡ gå^dV….

(VÌ Ordoîd{n Xoh… àmnpÄMH$… VÌ M Ahå‘‘m{^‘mZm¡ gm§gm[aH$m¡) {H$ÄM Ahå‘‘m{^‘mZñ` OrdEd "g§gma'nXdmÀ`Ëd‘², A{dÚmH$m ©ËdmV².

Z{h Xohmo Ordmo ""dmgm§{g OrUm©{Z `Wm'' (^J.JrVm.2&22) B{V ""Xohr{ZË`‘² AdÜ`mo A`‘²'' (^J.JrVm.2&30), ""Z Om`Vo {‘« Vo dm H$Xm{MX²''(^J.JrVm.2&20), B{V dmŠ ¡… oX{Zê$nUmV². VÌ MoX² Ahå~w{Õ… gm AbrH¡$d.nXmW}îd{n `m ‘‘Vm~w{Õ… gm{n VW¡d. Z{h gd} nXmWm©… EVXr`m…,^JdËH«$sS>mW©H$ËdmV². ""H«$sS>mW©‘² AmË‘Z… BX§ {ÌOJV² H¥$V§ Vo ñdmå`ÝVw VÌHw${Y`mo na e Hw$ w©…'' (^mJ.nwam.8&22&20), ""H«$sS>m^mÊS§> {díd‘² BX§ ñ`

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yåZ…'' (^mJ.nwam.4&7&43) B{V lr^mJdVmoŠVo…, nadñVw{Z ñdmå`‘² AbrH$‘od.""g§ga{V kmZo g{V JÀN>{V'' B{V "g§gma…'. g Ordm{YH$aUH$Ed.

(VÌ ^Jd{V ^JdX²{df`H$m¡ M Ahå‘‘m{^‘mZm¡ Z Am{dÚH$m¡) AÝ`Wm ""Ah§ gd©ñ` à^d…'' (^J.JrVm.10&8), ""Ah‘² AmË‘m

JwS>mHo$e'' (^J.JrVm.10&20) ""Ah§ ŠVnamYrZ…'' (^mJ.nwam.9&4&63),""Z ‘o ^ŠV… àUí`{V'' (^J. JrVm.9&31), ""‘‘ `mo{Z… ‘hX² ~«÷''(^J.JrVm.14&3), ""‘‘¡d A§emo OrdbmoHo$'' (^J.JrVm.15&7) BË`m{X dmŠ ¡…Ah§Vm‘‘V`mo… ldUmX² ^Jd{V A{dÚmgå~ÝY… ñ`mV². ZVw Ed‘² ""VX²AmË‘mZ‘od AdoX² Ah§ ~«ô‘ Apñ‘'' (~¥h.Cn.1&4&10) B{V "AhÝVm'eãXmo^JdÕ‘©kmZê$nEd. gdª ^JdVEdo{V ‘‘Vm{n VW¡d. Z VÌ g§gmaà`moJmo,dmñVdËdmV².

Ordñ`m{n ""^JdmZ² ‘‘ à w… Ah§ Xmg…'' B{V ‘‘VmhÝVo ewÕkmZê$noEd,^JdËgå~pÝYËdmV². VWmM ""gË § M AZ¥V§ M'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&6) B{V. lwË`W©ñVw: gË § KQ>nQ>m{Xê$n§, AZ¥V§ Vpñ‘ÝZod {df`VmJ«mh² ZmemoËn{ÎmàVr{V{df § ‘m{`H§$OJX² "AZ¥V'eãXoZ CÀ`Vo. ZQ>dX² AÝ`Wmê$nàXe©ZmX² B{V AW©…. ñdpñ‘Z²‘m``m AÝ`Wm^md§ X{e©VdmZ². AVEd CŠV§ {Z~ÝYo ""VÐÿnmo ‘m``m A^dX²''(V.Xr.{Z.1&23) B{V. VWmM lw{V… ""gd©ñ` der gd©ñ` B©emZ…''(~ ¥h.Cn.4&4&22) B{V. Ordm… ""~«÷ Xmem… ~«÷ {H$Vdm…''(AWd©.n¡n.g§{h.8&9&10) B{V. ""A§emo ZmZmì`nXoemX² AÝ`Wm Mm{nXme{H$Vdm{XËd‘² AYr`V EHo$'' (~«.gy.2&3&43) B{V ì`mggyÌ‘². ""Y‘©…àmoÁPVH¡$Vdmo AÌ na‘…'' (^mJ.nwam.1&1&2) B{V ^mJdV§ M. VoZ^JdX²^OZ‘od ‘w»`mo Y‘m} Z BVamo, XohmÝVao Y‘} dm VË`mJmV². Z{h {ZË`…H$Xm{n Ë`mJ‘² Ah©{V. ""Xodmo Agwamo ‘Zwî`mo dm'' (^mJ.nwam.7&7&50) B{VdmŠ`mV².

(^pŠVkmZm¡n{`H$`mo… Ahå‘‘m{^‘mZ`mo… AZm{dÚH$Ëdo gd}fm§ M^OZm{YH$mao g{V ‘Zwî oVaofw H$… {gÕmÝV…?)

*ZZw nídm{XXoh o H$W§ ^OZ‘²* B{V MoV² VÌ Amh ""YÝ`mñVw''(^mJ.nwam.10&18&11) BË`Ì ""nyOm§ XYw… {da{MVm§ àU`mdbmoH¡$…''(^mJ.nwam.10&18&11) B{V. ""JmdñVw H¥$îU‘wI{ZJ©V...'' (^mJ.nwam.10&18&13) BË`Ì ""Jmo{dÝX‘² AmË‘{Z ÑemlwH$bm… ñn¥eÝË`…''(^mJ.n w a m.10&18&13) B{V. ""àm`m o ~Vmå~ {dhJm…''(^mJ.nwam.10&18&14) B{V. ""VÌ e¥ÊdpÝV A‘r{bVÑemo {dJVmÝ`dmM…''(^mJ.nwam.10&18&14) B{V. ""àUV^ma{dQ>nm… ‘YwYmam… ào‘öîQ>VZd…gg¥Ow… ñ‘'' (^mJ.nwam.10&32&6) BË`mÚZoH$à‘mU¡… ^JdX² OZ‘od {ZË`moY‘©… gd© mo{Zfw.

(ànÄMg§gmam¡ {^ÝZmdod B{V {gÕmÝV{ZîH$f©…) Vñ‘mV² ànÄMg§gma`mo… oXEd ~«÷dmXm{^‘V… B{V {gÕ‘².

B{V lr{dÆ>bam`mË‘Olrdëb^H¥$VmoànÄMg§gma^oXdmX… gånyU©…

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~mbH¥$îU§ Z‘ñH¥$Ë` {dÆ>boe§ M gX²Jw鑲&&Û¡VmÛ¡V{ddoH$mo@ § {dÆ>boZ {dMm ©Vo&&1&&AmË‘m dmao Vw ÐîQ>ì`… lmoVì`… B{V ê$n`m&&lwË`mW©VmË‘{gÕçWª gmYZËdo pËdX§ ñ’w$Q>‘²&&2&&AmË‘ZmonmgZ§ {ZË`‘² AmË‘Z: n[aH$s{V©V‘²&&ldU§ ‘ZZ§ M¡d {Z{XÜ`mgZ‘² AmË‘Z:&&3&&lwË ¡dmàmß`Vm MmoŠVm gd©Wm ‘Zgm{n dm&&`Vmo dmMmo {ZdV©ÝVo Aàmß` ‘Zgm gh&&4&&Ed§ {‘Wmo {damoYoVw VX²ÐîQ>mÝ`Ì ~mYVm&&Caar{H«$`Vo H¡$píMV² gm Z gmÜdrVw d¡{XHo$&&5&&VH}$ M¡dmonMma§ o ‘Ý`‘mZm Z d¡{XH$m:&&doXñ`mja‘mÌñ` dmÀ`VmW©{demaXm:&&6&&eŠ`ñ`m^mdVñVñ` {‘Ï`mËdm{^{ZdoeV:&&bjUmJÝY‘m̧ d¡ Z doXo ~«ô‘{U Šd{MV²&&7&&`: n¥{Wì`m§ Vw gpÝVîR>Z² § M n¥Ïdr Z do{Îm {h&&Ed§ d¡{eï>ç^mdoZ Û¡V§ ~«ô‘JwUmË‘H$‘²&&8&&`|@JrHw$d©ÝË`wnmgmWª {d{eîQ>mÛ¡Vdm{XZ:&&AÛ¡VlwË`ZW©km CnMma§ dXpÝV {h&&9&&EH$‘odm{ÛVr § Vw Zoh ZmZmpñV {H$ÄMZ&&‘¥Ë`mo: g ‘¥Ë w‘² AmßZmo{V `mo d¡ ZmZod ní`{V&&10&&B{V lw{V{damoYmÀM d¡{eï>ç§ Ho$Z gmÜ`Vo&&Ed§ àíZ§ gw{dñVr © ñd{gÕmÝV{Zê$nU‘²&&11&&

` EH$mo brb`m epŠV‘² AmË‘ yVm§ g‘m{lV:&&ZmZod Ñí`Vo MmÝ ¡… hç^ŠV¡aZwnm{lV:&&12&&gEd ^ŠV¡amË‘r ¡: gXm gX²{^énmñ`Vo&&`Ì Jmdmo y[al¥§Jm ZJmíM¡d ew mdhm:&&13&&‘wZ`: gya`mo ^ŠVm: gXm ní`pÝV VËnX‘²&&{ÌH$mbm~m{YV§ ê$n§ gd©eŠË wn~¥§{hV‘²&&14&&gm{h ñdm^m{dH$s àmoŠVm {H«$`m kmZ~bm Y«wdm&&Vm‘od ñd`‘² Am{lË` ^JdmZ² ag{dJ«h:&&15&&daàX{e©Vm amÌr… drú` aÝVw§ ‘Zmo ì`YmV²&&16&&

B{V lrJmoHw$bZmWmË‘O{dÆ>bam`{da{MV§~«ô‘ñdê$n{Zê$nU§ g‘mßV‘²

&&Ordñdê$n{ZU© …&&lrH¥$îU: na‘mZÝXmo agmË‘H$V`m ‘V:&&gEd nwÀN>^mJoZ Mmja: n[aH$s{V©V:&&1&&VX§em… Aß`ZÝVm: ñ`w… VÌ ~«ô‘mÊS>H$moQ>`:&&VX¡pÀN>H$mo {h oXmo@ § OS>OrdmÝVamË‘Z:&&2&&AmZÝXm§e{VamoYmZmV² n[apÀN>ÝZËdV: ñ’w$Q>‘²&&ì`dhmam: àdV©ÝVo {d{YfoYnwa:gam:&&3&&gpÀMXmZÝXeŠVrZm§ {VamoYmZoZ gpÀMVmo:&&OS>mZreËd`mo m©Z‘² EopÀN>H§$ ZVw dmñVd‘²&&4&&dmñVd§ MoX² AÀN>oÚmo ‘² B{V JrVm dXoX² Z{h&&OS>ñ`m{n VWmËd§ {h VXm{d^m©dV: ñ’w$Q>‘²&&5&&nwéfmoÎm‘m§e yVmZm§ OS>OrdmÝVamË‘Zm‘²&&H$m ©epŠVàYmZËdmX² AZw y{VpñÌYm ‘Vm&&6&&

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bmoHo$ Mm§Jm§{JZmoñËdod‘² AÜ`mgmX² Cnbä`Vo&&A§Jì`WmñËd§{JZ¡d VWm Z ~«ô‘{U Šd{MV²&&7&&gd©kËdmV² VVñVñ` gd©ê$nËdVñVWm&&ñdoÀN>`monm{O©VËdmÀM VÚWm Z¡d Ñí`Vo&&8&&

B{V lrJmoHw$bZmWmË‘O{dÆ>bam`{da{MVmoOrdñdê$n{ZU©`: g‘mßV:

&&Ord~«ô‘Umo… EoŠ`{Zê$nU‘²&&

lr‘X²d¥ÝXmdZo aå o nwpînVo d{ZVmoËgd¡:&&doUw§ gådmX`Z² ~më o pñWV: H¥$îU: àgrXVw&&1&&~mbH¥$îU§ ^Oo {ZË § Jmo{nH$ma{VgåàX‘²&&Z¥Ë`ÝV§ JrVg§gŠV§ h¡ §Jdgwbmo{^Z‘²&&2&&~mbH¥$îUnXmå^moO§ {MpÝVVm{YH$gwàX‘²&&ZËdm lrdëb^mMm`m©Z² Hw$d}@Û¡V{Zê$nU‘²&&3&&EH$‘odm{ÛVr § `X² ~«ô‘ Á`mo{V: gZmVZ‘²&&AñWyb§ {ZJw©U§ emÝV§ ì`mnH§$ ö{X g§pñWV‘²&&4&&VÛ¡ epŠV‘² AmË‘ yVm§ Y‘©ê$nm§ g‘m{lV‘²&&EH$mo ZmZmËd‘² ApÝdÀN>Z² ~hþ ñ`m‘² B{V VV² VWm&&5&&`WmoUw©Zm{^Zm VÝVw… VÝ`Vo a‘UoÀN>`m&&ñWr`Vo a‘U§ `mdV² J«ñ`Vo VV² VWm {d{Y:&&6&&nam{^Ü`mZVmo ZyZ‘² AmZÝXm§epñVamo{hV:&&VVEdmñ` OÝ‘m{X gpÀMVmo: n[aÑí`Vo&&7&&EopÀN>H§$ gd©‘od¡VX² ‘m`mdmX{ZamgV:&&‘m`m ËdmË‘r`epŠVËdo doXoZ n[aH$s{V©Vm&&8&&

namñ` epŠV… {d{dYm {H«$`m kmZ~bm gVr&&ñdm^m{dH$s ``m gdª OJX² EVV² MamMa‘²&&9&&‘mo{hV§ ‘ZwVo@ZWm©Z² ñdr`nmaŠ`gå^dmZ²&&H$mbH$‘©ñd^mdñWmZ² H$m ©epŠVJwUmË‘H$mZ²&&10&&`X²JwUofw g§gŠV… VmdV² ní`{V d¡ {^Xm‘²&&`mdX²JwUoä` Cna‘oX² `ÑÀN>mVmo h² § nw‘mZ²&&11&&gË § kmZ‘² AZÝV§ `X² ö{X `mo do{Îm g§pñWV‘²&&gd©H$m‘mZ² nao ì`mopåZ ’$b‘² AíZm{V ~«ô‘Um&&12&&Aja§ na‘§ do{Îm ñdmË‘ËdoZ {ZaÝVa§&&~«ô‘mh‘² B{V gånÝZ: gdª ní`{V gd©Xm&&13&&Ord§ñVw {dMaoV² n¥Ïdt `mdX² moJ: g‘mß`Vo&&àmaãYmÝVo ñd § ~«ô‘ gÚmo ‘wŠË`{YH$m ©gm¡&&14&&H«$‘‘wŠË`{YH$marVw ô`{M©am{XH$‘² Aß`wV&&JËdm VÎmX²JVmZ² wŠËdm gË`bmoH$‘² B`mX² Za:&&15&&`mdX²~«ô‘m wf§ pñWËdm ~«ô‘Um gh wÁ`Vo&&Vo ~«ô‘bmoH$ B{V lwË`m ‘wÀ`ÝVo gd©Ed {h&&16&&

B{V lrJmoHw$bZmWmË‘OJmoñdm{‘{dÆ>bam`{da{MV§Ord~«ô‘Umo… EoŠ`{Zê$nU§ g‘mßV‘²

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dmXmdë`m§&&{déÕY‘m©l`Ëd{ddoMZ‘²&&

(‘§JbmMaU‘²)

gnwÌmZ² lr‘XmMm`m©Z² JwéZ² lrnwéfmoÎm‘mZ²&ZËdm Vofm§ àgmXoZ {H$pÄMX² dpÀ‘ `Wm‘{V&&

(dmX{df`monH«$‘…) *ZZw ñd‘Vo {déÕY‘m©l`Ëd§ Zm‘ {H$‘²?* B{V àíZo CÀ`Vo-

(~«ô‘Umo {déÕY‘m©l`Ëdo à‘mU yVlwË wnÝ`mg…) ""AUmo: AUr`mZ²'' (H$R>mon.2&20) BË`mXm¡ AUmoa{n AUr`ñËd§ ‘hVmo

‘hr`ñËd‘² B{V. ""g‘: ßbw{fUm g‘mo ‘eHo$Z'' (~¥h.Cn.1&3&22) B{VlwË`m gd©g‘ñ`m{n ""Z VËg‘… M Aä`{YH$… M Ñí`Vo'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&8)B{V lwË`m Z gd©g‘Ëd‘² B{V. AmßVH$m‘ñ`m{n ""gd©H$m‘: gd©JÝY: gd©ag:''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&4) B{V lwË`m gd©H$m‘JÝYm{X‘Îd‘² B{V. ""{ZîH$b§ {ZpîH«$ §emÝV‘²'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&19) B{V lwË`m {ZîH$bñ`m{n ""nmXmo Añ` {dídm

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""gd©V:nm{UnmXmÝV''(ídoVm.Cn.3&16)Ëd‘² B{V. Ed§ lr‘ÝZÝXmË‘OËdo@{nAOËd‘² B{V. Ed‘² AÝ`X{n ñd`‘² D$h² ‘².

(~«ô‘{U bm¡{H$H$Y‘m© mdmX² Z {déÕY‘m©l`Vm B{V nyd©nj…) *ZZw AÌ ""AñWyb‘² AZUw...'' (~¥h.Cn.3&8&8) BË`mXm¡ bm¡{H$H$mZm§

nydm}ŠVmZm§ gd}fm§ {ZfoYmX² ""AUmo… AUr`mZ²'' (`Wmnydm}ŠV‘²) BË`mXm¡Abm¡{H$H$mZm§ {dYmZmV². (H$)^Jd{V Ho$dbmbm¡{H$H$-VËgÎdoZ {déÕËdm^mdmV²H$W§ {déÕY‘m©l`Ëd‘²? B{V; AWdm, (I)nyd©Ý`m oZ AñWybm{X{Zfo{YH$mgw lw{Vfwbm¡{H$H$mbm¡{H$H$Y‘©-gm‘mÝ`{ZfoYo A§JrH¥$Vo ~«ô‘Umo {Z{d©eofËdoZ H$W§{déÕY‘m©l`Ëd‘²* B{V B{V MoX², AÌ CÀ`Vo-

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EVoZ Y‘©gm‘mÝ`{ZfoYoZ ~«ô‘Umo {Z{d©eofËdmV² H$W§ {déÕY‘m©l`Ëd‘² B{V{ZañV‘².

AWdm ""AñWyb‘² AZUw...'' BË`m{XlwVm¡ ZÄm: CÎmanXoZ AÝd`oZn`w©XmgmW©H$ËdmV². n`w©Xmgñ`M gÑJ²-J«m{hËdmV² ñWyb{^ÝZ§ ñWybgÑe‘²,

84 85

AUw{^ÝZ‘² AUwgÑe‘² BË od {gÜ`{V. EH$ñ ¡d ñWybgmÑí`‘² AUwgmÑí § M{déÕ§ VX² ~«ô‘{U AñVr{V {déÕY‘m©l`Ëd‘². AÝ`Wm lwË`W©‘`m©Xm{damoY….

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ZM *""bm¡{H$H§$ {h ApñV-Abm¡{H$H$‘² ZmpñV'' BË od§ {déÕËd‘²* B{VdmÀ`§, bm¡{H$H$ñ` ~«÷{U AZ§JrH$maoU {déÕËdm^mdmV². ZM *bmoH$arË`m{déÕËdmX² Z BX§ gmåàV‘²* B{V dmÀ §, bm¡{H$Š`m§ {H«$`m`m§ {ZîH«$‘UËdàdoeZËd`mo…Xe©ZmV². ZM *~«ô‘Umo AZÝVê$nËdmX² Z VoZ-VoZ ê$noU VmÑemVmÑe-JwUdV²-{H«$`mdV² M ~«ô‘o{V Z {déÕY‘m©l`Ëd§ ~«ô‘U:* B{V dmÀ`‘², B‘m‘od Ame§H$m§ì`mgnmX¡: ""Z ñWmZVmo@{n nañ` C^`qbJ§...'' (~«.gy.3&2&4) B{V gyÌm§eoZAZyÚ ""...gd©Ì {h'' (~«.gy.3&2&4) B{V A§emÝVaoU {ZamH¥$Vm B{V. AÌ"gd©Ì' B{V gd}fw ê$nofw gd©Y‘©dÎd‘² B{V AW©…. AÝ`Wm Vofm‘² Am¡nm{YH$ËdoVËñd^mdËd§ ~«ô‘Umo Z gå^dVr{V VÀN®>VrZm‘² A~«ô‘{Zê$nH$Ëdmn{Îm: ñ`mV².dmñVdVÎmÐÿnnaËdoVw Vofm§ ê$nmUm§ ~«ô‘{^ÝZËdo ""gd} doXm… `V² nX‘²Am‘ZpÝV''(H$R>mon.2&15) B{V lw{V{damoYmn{Îm… ñ`m{X{V, Vofm§ ~«ô‘m{^ÝZËdoZVw~«ô‘U… EH$ËdmV² Vofm‘² AZoH$ËdmV² {gÕ§ {déÕY‘m©l`Ëd‘² B{V.

BX§ njÛ`‘{n ""Z ñWmZVmo@{n...''(~«.gy.VÌ¡d) BË`m{XgyÌ^mî`o{dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zo M ñ’w$Q>{V.

(~«ô‘Umo {déÕY‘m©l`Vmà{VnmXZñ` … {dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zmo{XVàH$ma…) VÌ {dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zo VmdV² : nañ` ~«ô‘U… C^`qbJY‘©dÎd§ VX^md… M,

{H«$`mdÎd§ VX^md… M, ñWmZVmo@{n=gmonm{Y{Zénm{Y oXoZ ñWmZÛ`moa{n gå^dVr{V{H$‘W©‘² EH$ñ` {déÕY‘m©l`Ëd‘² A§JrH$V©ì`‘² B{V MoV² Z, ""gd©Ì {h''gd©Ì doXmÝVofw ~«ô‘¡d à{VnmÚVo ""gd} doXm…...'' B{V lwVo:. AÝ`Wm Vofm‘²Cnm{YnaËd oZ VËg‘^mdËd § ~ «ô‘Um o Z gå^dVr{V VÀN ® >VrZm‘ ²A~«ô‘{Zê$nH$Ëdmn{Îm[a{V. VWmM ~«ô‘UEd VWmËdmV² {gÕ§ {déÕY‘m©l`Ëd‘².

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g‘dm{`H$maUËdmV². *gd©Ì Ed§ ñWmZV: nañ` C^`qbJËdo CnnmÚ‘mZo {H$‘W©‘²EH$ñ ¡d VWmËd‘² A§JrH$V©ì`‘²?* B{V MoX² Z, Hw$V:? ""gd©Ì {h'' BË`ZoZgd©Ì EVmÑe§ ê$n§ ^JdV: Cn{Xí`Vo. gd©doXmÝVofw EVmÑe§ gd©Y‘©{d{eîQ>§ ZVwVmdÝ‘m̧, ""gd} doXm…...'' (VÌ¡d) B{V lwVo:. ZM *ê$n oXmX² oXmo A§JrH$V©ì`…,""A{ÛVr`...''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) B{V lw{V{damoYmX².

ZM *BX§ gy̧ {damoYñWmnZmWª mî o A§JrH¥$V{‘{V {gÕmÝVo H$W§ ì`m»`mV‘²*B{V dmÀ`§, {dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zo {gÕmÝVo@{n A§JrH$mamV². ZM *V¡a{n VÌ VWm Hw$VmoA§JrH¥$V‘²?* B{V dmÀ`§, ^mî`o ‘VmÝVamZwgmaoU {damoY{ZamH$aU§ Z H$W‘{n{gÜ`{V B{V ~moYZmWª gyÌÌ oU {damoY§ ñWmn{`Ëdm ‘VmÝVaoU {damoYn[ahmamWª MgyÌm{U CŠËdm EHo$Z VËn[ahmanj§ Xyf{`Ëdm ""d¥{Õõmg...'' (~«.gy.3&2&20)B{V gyÌoU {déÕY‘m©l`Ëd§ {gÕmÝVËdoZ A§JrH¥$V{‘{V VWm ì`m»`mV{‘{V{gÕmÝVmX² Z {déÜ`Vo B{V.

(AZoH$ê$nYmaUny{d©H$m`m§ ^Jdëbrbm`m§ {déÕY‘m©l`Vm`m…ñdê$n{Zê$nU‘²)

86 87

dñVwVñVw ""Z ñWmZVmo@{n...'' BË`mXr{Z gdm©Ê od {gÕmÝVgyÌm{U B{Vk o`‘ ² . g àH$ma m o {dÛÝ‘ÊS >Z o ñnîQ >B {V VVm o AdY o`:. ZM*{déÕY‘m©l`Ëdm§JrH$maoU¡d gdm}nnÎmm¡ AZÝVê$nËdm§JrH$mamo AZW©H$…* B{V dmÀ §,`ñ` ^ŠVñ` EH$Y‘©àmH$Q²>ç‘mÌoU Z ‘ZmoaWny{V©: {H$ÝVw Y{‘©àmH$Q²>çoZ¡d V§à{V VmÑeê$nmÝVaàmH$Q²>çñ` Amdí`H$ËdmV². `Wm lw{Vê$nmUm§ ‘ÊS>boY‘©àmH$Q²>çoZ¡d H$m`©gå^do Z ê$nmÝVaàmH$Q²>瑲. VX{n Û`moaod ^ŠV`mo….V¥Vr`MVwW©`m oñVw ê$nmÝVaàmH$Q² >çoZ¡d. Ed§ Hw$‘marH$m‘ÊS>bo à{V^ŠV§ê$nmÝVaàmH$Q²>çoZ Vw `pËH$pÄMX²Y‘©àmH$Q²>çoZ VÌ H$m`©gån{Îm[a{V VÌ VW¡dàmH$Q²>瑲.

(^Jdëbrbm`m§ {h AZoH${dYê$nàVr{VOZZoZ AÝ`WmonnÎ`mê$nmÝVaYmaU‘² AZmdí`H$‘² B{V e§H$m{Zamg…)

ZM *VWm àVr{V… gånmÚm gmM Y‘©àmH$Q² >çoZm{n gå^dVr{V qH$ê$nmÝVaoU?* B{V dmÀ §, àVmaH$ËdmnÎmo…, ^ŠVmZm§ Vwë`ËdmV² M Z àH$mamÝVaoUì`dñWmnZ‘² C{MV‘². Vñ‘mX² ê$nmÝVam§JrH$mamo Z AZW©H$… B{V {gÕ‘².

AVEd ""`X² EH$‘² Aì`ŠV‘² AZÝVê$n§'' (‘hmZm.Cn.1&5) B{V{ZJyT>me`dVr lw{V… EH$ñ`¡d AZoH$ê$nê$nËd‘² Amh. AVEd {dÛÝ‘ÊS>Zobrbm{ZË`VmdmXo ""VX² EO{V VX² Z EO{V'' (B©em.Cn.5) B{V lw{Vì`m»`mZoAZÝVê$nËd‘² A§JrH¥$V‘². VoZ EHo$Z ê$noU EOZ§, ê$nmÝVaoU AZoOZ‘² B{VCŠV‘ ². {déÕY‘m ©l`Ëd o EVX w^`‘ ² EH$pñ‘Z ² ê$n o ApñV VWm{nVmÑe^ŠV‘ZmoaÄOZmWª ê$nmÝVaoU {Z`V§ VÎmV² àH$Q>r{H«$`Vo ñdñ` AàVmaH$Ëdm`.Z{h Y‘©àmH$Q²>ç‘mÌoU brbm§ H$amo{V ^JdmZ² B{V {Z`‘… {H$ÝVw Y{‘©àmH$Q²>ç§^ŠVmWª H$amo{V. BXÄM Hw$Ì{MV² Y‘©àmH$Q²>ç‘mÌoU brbm Hw$Ì{MV² Y{‘©àmH$Q²>çoZB{V Vw ^ŠV^mdmW©‘od; na§ dmñVd§ ê$n§, ZVw Vofm§ àVr{VOZZ‘m̧, ^JdV…gË`g§H$ënËdmV². AVEd OZH$lwVXodJ¥hJ‘Zo ê$nmÝVaàmH$Q²>ç§ ñdñ` B{Vg§JÀN>Vo, V`mo… VW¡d ^mdmV². `Ì nwZ: Y‘©àmH$Q²>çoZ¡d ^ŠV‘ZmoaÄOZ§ VÌñdñ` ŠVmZm§ M Y‘©àmH$Q²>ç‘mÌ‘od H$amo{V. AVEd mî o V¥Vr`mÜ`m o V¥Vr`nmXo""ì`mßVoíM g‘ÄOg§, gd©Ì A oXmX² AÝ`Ì B‘o'' (~«.gy.3&3&9-10) B{Vg yÌ`m o … ì`m»`mZ o ^JdVm o ^ŠVm`m… lr`em oXm`m… M

ì`mnH$Ëdê$nY‘ ©àmH$Q ² >ç‘mÌ oU ¡d {déÕ{XŠH$`m o a {n ^ŠV`m o …VWmVWmXe©Zê$n‘ZmoaWny{V©… H¥$Vm B{V CŠV§, VX{n g§JÀN>Vo. V`mo… ^ŠV`mo…ñdê$ngodm § {dZm VWm ^md`Vm o… nyd ª ì`mnH$Ëd§ ^m{d, Z VXZÝVa§`emoXmoËg§Jbm{bVËd‘² B{V VW¡d Xe©Z§ H$m[aV‘² B{V ko ‘².

(Z Ho$db§ ^JdV… {H$ÝVw ^ŠVmZm‘{n AZoH¡$… ê$n¡… àmH$Q² >ç§^Jdëbrbm`m‘²)

^ŠVmZm‘{n ê$nmÝVam{XH§$ VWm Y‘m©{XH§$ M ^y‘{dÚm`m§ ""Vñ` h dmEVñ` Ed§ ní`V…'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.7&26&1) BË`maä` ""ghòm{U Mqde{V…''(N > mÝXm o .Cn.7&26&2) BË`ÝV oZ CŠV‘ ². BXÄM ^mî` oMVwWm©Ü`m`MVwW©nmXo@{n A§JrH¥$V{‘{V Z AÌ ‘ËH$ënZmboemo@{n. EdÄM^ŠVmZm‘{n `Ì Ed§ ^JdX²XÎmgm‘Ï ª VÌ gmjmX² ^Jd{V VWm gm‘Ï ©‘² ApñVB{V qH$ dmÀ`‘² na§ ñdñ` `mÑebrbm{g{Õ… `Wm ^d{V VW¡d VÎmËàmH$Q²>çoZVWm brbm§ H$amo{V.

(AZoH${dYê$nàmH$Q²>ço@{n H$íMZ àH$ma{deofmo {dÚVEd B{Và{VnmXZ‘²)

gdm}@{n gd}fw ê$nofw dV©Vo, gdm©{U M ê$nm{U VWm{dYm{Z. VÌ `XmEH$pñ‘ÝZod ê$no Ano{jV{dÚ‘mZgd©àXe©ZoZ brbm{g{Õ…, VÌ VW¡d H$amo{V.`Wm ""‘ëbmZm‘² Ae{Z…...'' (^mJ.n wa m.10&43&17) BË`Ì,‘¥ËñZm^jUàg§Jo M. `Ì nwZ… à{V{Z`V-`mdXno{jV-Y‘©{d{eîQ>-ê$noUbrbm{g{Õ… à{Vê$n§ VmÑe‘od Z {déÕ§ {H$pÄMV² àXe©`{V `Wm amg‘ÊS>bo""H¥$Ëdm VmdÝV‘² AmË‘mZ‘²'' (^mJ.nwam.10&30&20) B{V. Ì nwZ… àH$mamÝVa§VÌ VW¡d ""Vmgm§ ‘Ü o Û`mo Û`mo…'' (^mJ.nwam.10&30&3) B{V, ÛmaH$mbrbm`m§ZmaX§ à{V M, à{Vê$n§ {Z`V§ {Z`VJwU{H«$`m{X wŠV§ M. ^m¡‘möVm{^… {ddmho MVmgm§ ‘ZmoaWm{^àm`oU B{V gd©Ì kmVì`§, ""nam Añ` epŠV…...''(ídoVm.Cn.6&8) B{V lwVo….

88 89

(gd©Ì ^JdV… gd©ê$nËdo ‘ybm§emdoemdVma{d yË`m{Xê$n oXm§JrH$mamoAZW©H$… B{V e§H$m{Zamg…)

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(J«ÝWmong§hma…) BX§ gdª V¥Vr`mÜ`m`V¥Vr`nmXo ""ñdmÜ`m`ñ`...'' (~«.gy.3&3&3) B{V

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(VÌ B©ídampñVËdgmYH$mZw‘mZm{Z) AZw‘mZm{ZVw : ""{jË §Hw$am{XH§$ H$V¥©OÝ § H$m ©ËdmX² KQ>dV²''. AÝ oVw OÝ`ËdmX²

BË`{n à`wÄOÝVo. ""gJm©ÚH$mbrZÛçUwH$à`moOH§$ H$‘© à`ËZOÝ`§, H$‘©ËdmX²Añ‘Xm{XearaOÝ`{H«$`mdV²''. ""JwéËddVm§ ~«÷mÊS>mXrZm § nVZm^md…nVZà{V~ÝYH$à`ËZà wŠV…, Y¥{VËdmX² {d`{V {dh§J‘Y¥{VdV²''. ""~«÷mÊS>m{Xà`ËZdX²{dZmí` §, Zm{eËdmV ² nmQ ² >`‘mZnQ>dV ²''. ""KQ>m{Xì`dhma…ñdVÝÌnwéfà`moÁ`mo, ì`dhmaËdmX² AmYw{ZH$H$pënV{bß`m{Xì`dhmadV²''.""doXOÝ`à‘m dŠV¥`WmW©dmŠ`mW©kmZOÝ`m emãXà‘mËdmV² Y‘m©{Xà‘mdV²''.""nydm }ŠV§ kmZ§ H$aUJwUOÝ`§, à‘mËdmV² àË`jm{Xà‘mdV²''. ""doXm oAg §gm[an wéfàUrVm o d oXËdmX ² '', ""d oX… nm ¡éf o`m o dmŠ`ËdmV ² ''.

90 91

""ÛçUwH$n[a‘mUO{ZH$m g§»`m Anojm~w{ÕOÝ`m. EH$ËdmÝ`g§»`mËdmV²''.""ÛçUwH$n[a‘mU§ g§»`mOÝ`§ n[a‘mUàM`mOÝ`Ëdo g{V OÝ`n[a‘mUËdmV²Vwë`n[a‘mUH$nmbÛ`maãYKQ>n[a‘mUdX²'' B{V ~moÜ`m{Z. Vñ‘mX² AZw‘mZ‘odà‘mU‘²* B{V àmßVo

(OJËH$V¥©V`m B©ídañ` AZw‘mZJå`Ëdo earadÎdñ`m{n A§JrH$V©ì`V`mlwË oH$Jå`Ëd‘od B{V CÎmanj…)

CÀ`Vo :

lw{Vd¥ÝX¡… gXm OwîQ>§ lw{Vd¥ÝX¡… gXmX² wV‘²&&lw{Vd¥ÝXo gXm gÝV§ lm¡V§ lrH¥$îU‘² Aml o&&2&&

Z{h VÌ AZw‘mZñ` à‘mUVm dŠVw§ eŠ`m, ËdX{^‘Vñ`m{n A{gÕo….H$m` ©ËdqbJH$mZ w‘mZ oZ ída{gÕm ¡ kmZm{X‘Ëdñ` od earadÎdñ`m{nAÝd`ì`{VaoH${gÕËdmV². VWm{h `Ì Hw$bmbm{Xfw H$V¥©Ëd§ VÌ ear[aËd§ `ÌM‘wŠVmË‘gw Aear[aËd§ Z VÌ H$V¥©Ëd‘². AV… ""ída… earar H$V¥©ËdmX² Añ‘Xm{XdV².`X² Z Ed§ VX² Z Ed§ ‘wŠVmË‘dX²'' B{V AZw‘mZoZ B©ídañ`m{n H$V¥©ËdmV² ear[aËd‘²Adí`‘² A§JrH$V©ì`‘². AÝ`Wm BÀN>m{XH$‘{n Z {gÜ`oX² A{deofmV². *ZZwMoîQ>m§ {dZm{n à`ËZ‘mÌoU H$m ©H$aUg‘W©ËdmX² B©ídañ` Z MoîQ>m{YH$aUVXnojm*B{V MoX² Z, kmZ‘mÌoU¡d gd©H$aUg‘W©ñ` BÀN>m{X‘Ëdñ`m{n A{gÕo…. *ZZw""eara§ n[apÀN>ÝZ§ earaËdmX² Añ‘Xm{XearadV². eara‘² A{ZË § H$m ©ËdmV² nQ>dX²''B{V AZ w‘mZmä`m § earañ` n[apÀN >ÝZËd oZ A{ZË`Ëd oZ M`wJnËgH$bXoeJVH$m`m©ZwËn{Îmàg§J… ~«÷Y‘©VmZwnn{Îm… M* B{V MoX² Z,AÝ`WmZwnn{Îm~bmV² {gÜ`ÀN>arañ` `mdVm AZwnn{Îmn[ahma… VmdVEd {gÕo….VWm ""ídaeara§ {ZË § gJm©ÚH$mbrZÛçUwH$maå^nyd©H$mbrZÐì`ËdmV² na‘mÊdm{XdX²`X² Z Ed§ VX² Z Ed‘² Añ‘Xm{XearadX²'' B{V àË`Zw‘mZoZ nydm}ŠVmZw‘mZñ`gËà{VnjËdmV².

(earam{X‘XrídagmYH$mZw‘mZo VH$m©ZwHy$ë`àXe©Z‘²)

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*ZZw earañ` ‘hËdoZ CX² yVê$nËdoZ M, ""ídaeara§ Mmjwf§, ‘hÎdo g{VCX² yVê$nËdmX²'' B{V AZw‘mZoZ àË`j§ ñ`mX²* B{V MoX² Z, ""ídaeara‘² AMmjwf§bm¡{H$H$àË`jm{df`ËdmX² BÝÐm{XearadX²'' B{V àË`Zw‘mZmV² nydm}ŠVmZw‘mZñ`bm¡{H$H$àË`j{df`Ëdê$nmonm{YJ«ñVËdmV².

(B©ídaearañ` B©ídaoU gh oXm oX{d‘e©…) ñ`mX² EVX² : ídañ` `V² eara§ gmÜ`Vo VV² eara§ {H$‘² B©ídamX² {^ÝZ‘²

A{^ÝZ§ dm? Z AÝË`…, AmË‘m{^ÝZñ`m{n Vñ` A{gÕËdmV². AVmo {^ÝZ§ {ZË §{ZË`gå~Õ§ M A§JrH$m ©‘². VWm g{V `Wm H$m ©ËdoZ H$V¥©nyd©H$ËdgmYZ§ Hw$d©V…MoVZH$m ©Ëd-ear[aOÝ`Ëd-gmhM ©ñ` y moXe©ZoZ earaOÝ`Ëd{d{eîQ>H$m ©Ëdñ`ì`mß`ËdmV² gmÜ`VmdÀN>oXH$eara{Z{dîQ>H$V©[a ídao VmÑeearam{g{Õ…, VX{gÕm¡M H$V¥©Ëdm{g{Õ…. Ed§ ""dm`w… A{ZË`… H$m`©ËdmX² KQ>dX²'' B{V AZw‘mZo@{nê$ngmhM ª qbJñ` ÑîQ>{‘{V ê$n{d{eîQ>ñ` Vñ` ì`mß`ËdoZ ê$nm^mdd{V dm`m¡H$m`©Ëdm{g{Õ…, VpËgÕm¡ M ê$nñ`m{n {g{Õ… ñ`mV². ZVw Ed§ àË`j~mYmV².Vñ‘mV ² gmhM` ©‘mÌ‘ ² Aà`m oOH$‘ ² . ì`mpßVa od à`m o {OH$m. gmMH$m ©Ëdm{ZË`Ëd`moaodo{V dm`m¡ VpËg{Õ… ê$nm{g{Õ… M. Ed§ àH¥$Vo@{n H$V¥©Ëdà`moOH§$kmZoÀN>mà`ËZdËd‘odo{V ear[aËdñ` VËgmhM }@{n Z VËà`moOH$Ëd‘². AVmo ZB©ídao VpËg{Õ…. AÝ`Wm ÑîQ>mÝVr`meofY‘m©n{Îm… njo ñ`mV².

VWmM KQ>ÑîQ>mÝVoZ Obo A{ZË`ËdgmYZo n¥{WdrËdm{XH$‘{n {gÜ o{X{V ZEd‘². {H$‘² BX§ "gmhM ©‘mÌ‘²' BË`Ì "‘mÌ'nX§ mdV²-VËna‘² CV y moÑîQ>VËna‘²?AÝË oVw "Amo‘²' B{V ~«y‘…, ""bmohbo»`m n¥{WdrËdmX²'' BË`mXm¡ y …gmhM ©ñ`m{nAà`moOH$ËdXe©ZmV² nydm}ŠVXmofmnÎmo… M. AmÚoVw ì`mßVoa{n Aà`moOH$ËdmnË`mAZw‘mZñ ¡d CÀN>oXmX² BÀN>mXoa{n A{gÕo… VÝ‘Vñ`m{n A{gÕo…. Vñ‘mV² e§H$mZm‘²AÝ`WmZwnn{Îm~bmV² {gÕ²`Ëgdm©Zwnn{Îmn[ahmanyd©H§$ gpÀMXmZÝXmË‘H$‘²B©ídam{^ÝZ‘od {gÕ{‘{V {g{Õì`mhVËdmX² Z CX`….

92 93

(A§Hw$amXm¡ earam{X‘ËH$V©¥H$ËdmXe©ZoZ `Ì H$m ©Ëd§ VÌ ear[aOÝ`Ëd‘²B{V ì`mßVm¡ ‘r‘m§gH$m{jßVXmof{Zamg…)

EVoZ¡d ""H$m ©ñ` earam{X‘ËH$V¥©nyd©H$Ëd{Z`‘… àË`J«Om`‘mZm§Hw$am- Xmdodear[aU… H$Vw©… AZwnbå^mX² {ZañV…'' B{V ‘r‘m§gH$‘V‘{n {ZañV‘².

(B©ídampñVËdgmYH$mZw‘mZñ` OJX²ì`mnH$àmUm{X‘ËH$V¥©H$mpñVËdgmYZnaËdoZ AÝ`Wmonn{Îm…)

{H$ÄM OrdgmYZ o àmUYmaUà`ËZdÎd oZ àmU{g{ÕdX ² AÌm{nVmÑeàmUgmYH$ËdoZm{n Aà`moOH$Ëd‘² Añ`. H$W§ Ordñ` àmUdÎd‘²? B{VMoX² BËW§ : VWm{h {ZamË‘dm{XZm§ ~mh² mZm§ ‘Vo MoVZm`m… {H$Êdm{Xä`mo ‘XepŠVdV²nwÄOY‘©Ëd§, `Wm Ho$db¡… I{XaMyU©Vmå~ybnU©nyJ¡… Z ‘X… g‘w{XV¡ñVw ‘X… VWmMHo$dbna‘mUyZm§ Z MoVZËd§ {d{dYna‘mUwnwÄOoVw MoVZËd‘² B{V. VÌ AÝ o dXpÝV*Ho$Z nwÄOoZ MoVZmY‘m}, ~mh²`oZ CV AmÝVaoU? VÌ AÝd`ì`{VaoH$mä`m§àmUYmaUà`ËZdËd‘od OrdbjUËdoZ {gÕ…. VÌ ""~mh²`nwÄO… AmË‘màmUYmaH$ËdmX ² `X ² Z Ed § VX ² Z Ed § KQ >dX ² '' B{V AZ w‘mZ oZearamdpÀN>ÝZ~mh² nwÄOñ` àmUYmaUà`ËZdÎdgmYZo ""Z VX²YmaH$mo ~mh² ËdmX²,‘¥VearadX²'' B{V àË`Zw‘mZoZ hoVmo… gËà{VnjËdmV². Zdm AmÝVa… nwÄO… VWm""AmÝVanwÄOmo Z VX²YmaH$… AmÝVaËdmX² ‘¥VnídmÝVa{nÊS>dX²'' B{V AZw‘mZoZhoVmo… gmYmaUËdmV².

Zm{n ""Mjw… AmË‘m, àmUYmaH$ËdmX², kmZà`ËZmYmaH$ËdmX² dm `X² Ed§VX² Ed§ lmoÌm{XdX²'' BË od§ àË oH$‘² BpÝÐ ofw AmË‘ËdgmYZ§ wŠV§, {d{ZJ‘Zm{dahmX²AÝYm{Xîd{n àmUYmaUà`ËZXe©ZoZ EH¡$H$pñ‘Z² ì`{VaoH$ì`{^MmamV² M hoVmo…ñdê$nm{gÕËdmV².

VV… g‘wXm`ñ` AmË‘ËdgmYZo@{n `Ì gH$bJmobH$hrZËd§ VmÑeo {nÊSo>jwV²-V¥Q²>-H$m`©Xe©ZmV² VX²YmaH$Ëd‘² AÝV…H$aUo n`©dñ`{V, ZVw g‘wXm`o,JmobH$Zmeo VÝZmeàg§JmV².

Zm{n Ëd{JpÝÐ o A§eV… Vñ`m{n Zmem{X{V, AÝV…H$aUo nwZ… VoZ AZw‘mZoZVWmËdgmYZo@{n ""nw[aV{V ZmS>r‘Z…g§`moJ… H$‘©OÝ`mo, `mdËà{V`mo{JgËdo@{nH$mXm{MËH$ËdmV². ñWmUwnwéfg§ moJdX² X² Z Ed§ VX² Z Ed§ ñWmÊdmH$meg§ moJdV²'',""‘Zmo ‘yVª {H«$`mdËdmX² dm wdX²'' B{V AZw‘mZoZ AJwUËdo ""Z gwIgmjmËH$mamoAH$aUH$mo OÝ`gmjmH$maËdmV² MmjwfgmjmËH$madX²'' BË`m{XZm H$aUËdoZ M{gÕñ` ‘Zgmo ""kmZm{XH§$ Z AUwJwU…, àË`jËdmX². KQ>ê$nm{XdX² `X² Z Ed§VX² Z Ed§ na‘mUwê$nm{XdX²'' B{V AZw‘mZoZ kmZmXo… VWmËd{ZíM`oZ,kmZmÚZmYmaËdo {gÕo VoZ AZmË‘Ëd{g{Õ….

VV… àmUmo Ad{eî`Vo. Vñ` AmË‘{^ÝZËdgmYZ§ XwK©Q>§ àmUgËdo OrdgÎdñ`,VXgËdo VX^mdñ` M Xe©ZmV². kmZà`ËZmYmaËdñ` VÌ¡d n`©dgmZmV². ZM*gwfwßVm¡ kmZm^mdo Vpñ‘Z² kmZmÚZmYmaËdo {ZpíMVo ""àmU… AmË‘{^ÝZmokmZmÚZmYmaËdmX² Xohm{XdX²'' B{V AZw‘mZoZ AmË‘^oX{g{Õ…* B{V e§Š`§,ídmgmoÀN²>dmg{H«$`mXe©ZoZ VXmZr‘{n Vñ` à`ËZdÎmm{ZíM`mV². kmZm^mdñ`‘Z…g§ moJm^mdOÝ`ËdoZ kmZmYmaËd`mo½`Vm{dKQ>Zm^mdmV². AVmo kmZmÚmYmaËdoZAmË‘ËdgmYZo VX^mdñ` AXe©ZmV² àmUñ`¡d AmË‘ËdoZ {g{Õ…, ZVw VVmoì`{V[aŠVñ` AmË‘Z…. XohàmU{d`moJñ ¡d ‘¥Ë wËdoZ OrdX²Xoho Vñ` Amdí`H$ËdmX²,A{V[aŠVmË‘mZä`wnJ‘oZ nXmW©bmKdmV² M. `{XM `mo{JZm§ ídmg{ZamoYo@{nOrdZkmZXe©ZmV² VX{V[aŠVEd AmË‘m B{V {d^mì`Vo, VXm{n {ZéÕd¥{ÎmàmUñ`VX²Xoho gËdmX² Z VX{V[aŠVm AmË‘{g{Õ…. `{XM {ZamoYOZH$ñ` àmUm{V[aŠVËd§{d^mì`Vo VXm{n MoVZmY‘©H$ñ` Vñ`¡d bmKdmV² {g{Õ… B{V, Z H$W‘{nàmU{^ÝZm AmË‘{g{Õ… B{V.

Ed§ {jË`m{XH$V¥ ©ËdmÚml`ËdoZ ì`mnH$àmU{gÕo… Z AZw‘mZñ`B©ídagmYH$Ëd‘². EVoZ Ah§{dÎmoa{n Aà`moOH$Ëd‘² CŠVàm`‘² B{V lw{V…AZwgaUr ¡d.

(Bh gm§»`‘VoZ B©ídagÎmmgmYH$mZw‘mZñ` àH¥${Vê$nmWm©ÝVagmYH$V`mAÝ`Wmonn{Îm…)

94 95

AÌ gm§»`mñVw *àH¥$Vo… H$V¥©Ëd‘² A§JrH¥$Ë` B©ída§ Z ‘Ý`ÝVo. VWm{h àË`joUAZdJå`‘mZñ` B©ídañ` H$m`©Ëdm{XqbJH$mZ w‘mZ oZ H$V¥ ©V`m gmYZoVmÑeàH¥${V{gÕçm AWm©ÝVaËdoZ VX{g{Õ…. Vñ` H$V¥©Vm{Zdm©hH$‘² AmXm`¡d{gÕç§JrH$maoVw Vwë``moJjo‘ËdmV² earañ`m{n {g{Õ…. gearaoídam§JrH$maoVw earadX²amJñ`m{n AÝd`ì`{VaoH${gÕËdmX² am{JU… ídañ` {gÕçm Vñ` OrdVwë`Vmn{Îm…{ZË`‘wŠVËdhm{Z… M.

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ZmÚ…, MoîQ>m§ {dZm kmZm{X‘mÌoU VWm A§JrH$mao OrdmZm‘{n VWmËdmnÎmo….VWm g{V AZoHo$ídamnÎmo… M. Z {ÛVr`… VXm{n CŠVXmofmnÎmo… VËgpÝZYmZñ`gd}fw Vm¡ë`mV². Z V¥Vr`… à{V{~på~Vo earao ‘Um¡ M Mb{V eara‘{UMbZàVr{VdV²àH¥${VH$V¥©ËdoZ¡d Vñ` Vpñ‘Z² H$V¥©Ëdm{^‘mZmV² ñdmVÝË`m{gÕçm n[a^m{fH$ËdmnÎmm¡{dd{jVê$noídam{gÕo….

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{H$ÄM Vñ` ñdmVÝË oU H$V¥©Ëdo AH¥$Vmä`mJ‘m{XàgpŠV…, H$‘©ghH$m[aËdoAZrídaËdmn{Îm…; VWm ñdmWª OJËH$aUo AZmßVH$m‘Ëdmn{Îm…, namWª H$aUod¡få`Z¡K¥©Ê`m{XàgpŠV…. AV… àH¥${Vaod H$Ìu. ""àYmZmX² OJX² Om`Vo'' (?)B{V lwVo…. ZM ""g {h gd©{dV² gd©H$Vm©'' (?) B{V lwVo… B©ídañ` H$V¥©Ëd§e§Š`‘², EVñ` ‘wŠVmË‘monmgm-{gÕmË‘m-@Ý`Vaàe§gm-naËdmX²* B{V Amhþ….

(B©ídagÎmm`m… AZw‘mZ‘ybH$Ëdo lram‘mZwOmMm`m}ŠVXyfUm{Z)

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96 97

AMoVZmaãYËdmX² ZramoJñdearadX²'' B{V AZw‘mZmV² {g{Õ…. VWm{h {H$‘² BX‘²EH$MoVZmYrZËd‘²? EH$MoVZm`ÎmmoËn{ÎmpñW{VH$Ëd‘² B{V MoX² Z, ZramoJñ`m{nearañ` {nV¥nwÌmÚZoH$MoVZmÑîQ>OÝ`ËdoZ VXwËn{ÎmpñWË`mo… VXYrZËdoZEH$MoVZmYrZËdm^mdmV². ÑîQ>mÝVo gmÜ`d¡H$ë oZ hoVmo… AgmYmaUËdmnÎmo…. {H$ÄMearapñW{Va{n qH$ ñdmd`dg‘doVVm CV àmUZ‘²? AmÚo Ad`dmYrZËdmX² ZMoVZmYrZËd§ KQ>m{XdV². {ÛVr o {jË`mXrZm§ earaËdm^mdoZ njo Agå^d… B{VnjgnjmZwJVpñWË`Zwnbå^…. Zm{n EH$MoVZmYrZàd¥{ÎmH$Ëd§, njmÝV ©yVofw JwéVa-aW{ebm‘hr‘hréhm{Xfw AZoH$MoVZmYrZàd¥{ÎmH$ËdXe©ZoZ ì`{^MmamV². Zm{nMoVZ‘mÌmYrZËd‘². {gÕgmYZËdmX² AWm©ÝVamnÎmo… M.

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(AÌ ZdrZ‘V‘²) `X{n lwVrZm§ M AZwHy$bVH©${dY`m ñdVÝÌV`m M ~«÷{U àm‘mÊ`‘² B{V

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A{ZË`m§e{dam‘o@{n {ZË`m§e‘² AmXm` {ZË`‘od. AmH$memË‘H$ÄM {ZË`‘od

98 99

am‘H¥$îUm{XZm‘H$ÝVw Am{d^m©d{Vamo^mdem{b ^ŠVmZwJ«hoU H$Xm{MV² Šd{MX²Am{d^©d{V {Vamo^d{V M.

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Ed§ Y¥{VnjH$mZw‘mZo@{n Y¥Vo… ~«÷mÊS>m{XnVZmË`ÝVm^mdê$nËd§ dmVËàm½^mdê$nËd§ dm dŠVì §, V`mo… C^`mo… AZm{XËdoZ MoVZà`ËZnyd©H$Ëdm^mX²~m{YVËd‘². AV… "Y¥{V'eãXmWm} {dîQ>å^mË‘H$g§`moJ{deofmo dŠVì`…. VXm{nMoVZà`ËZnyd©H$Ëdo gmÜ`o VmÑemZoH$Ordà`ËZoZ {gÕgmYZ‘² AWm©ÝVa§ dm,EH$MoVZà`ËZnyd©H$ËdgmÜ`oVw JwéVaaW{ebm{XÑîQ>mÝVoZ hoVmo… gmYmaUËd‘²X w anm oh‘ ² . Ed § ~ «÷mÊS > m {XnjH$mZ w‘mZ o@{n {gÕgmYZm{XH$‘ ² .EH$à`ËZdX²{dZmí`ËdgmYZoVw IÝ`‘mZ‘hm^dZÑîQ>mÝVoZ hoVmo… gmYmaUËd§ÐîQ>ì`‘². Ed§ ì`dhmanjHo$ AZw‘mZo@{n {bß`m{Xì`dhmagm§Ho${VH$à`moJÑîQ>mÝVoZCŠVXmofm{XH§$ ÐîQ>ì`‘². VWm Y‘m©{XkmZnjmZw‘mZo@{n doXmnm¡éfo`dm{XZ§ à{V{gÕgmYZm{XXmofXwîQ>Ëd‘². Ed§ doXËdqbJH$mZw‘mZo hoVmo… gmYmaUËd§, VWmdmŠ`qbJH$mZw‘mZo@{n AmH$medmUrÑîQ>mÝVoZ hoVmo… AgmYmaUËd‘². Ed§ÛçUwH$njH$mZw‘mZo@{n VmÑeg§»`mkmZñ` `mo{JZm‘{n gå^dmV² V¡… AWm©ÝVa‘²B{V gdm©Ê od Am^mgê$nm{U.

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100 101

ì`wXwô` àË`wh²` AmH«$m‘rV². V§ Vw Am¡n{ZfX‘² nwéf‘² n¥ÀN>m{‘''(~¥h.Cn.3&9&26) B{V dmŠ o ‘yVm©‘yV©~«mô‘UdXod {ZfoYnyd©H$‘² H$Um©ÚJ«mô`mo{ZË`mo Ag§Jmo {ZXw©:I… emaramXrZ² AîQ>nwéfmZ² n¥{Wì`mÚm`VZofw VÎmëbmoHo$fw M{deofoU CÀM¡… ñWmn{`Ëdm VV… Cng§öË` mo A{VH«$mÝVdmZ² EVmÑe… Cn{ZfX²doÚ…nwéf… n¥îQ>…, VÌ `{X AZw‘mZdoÚËd§ ^doV² VXm "AJ«mh²`'nXoZ Z gm‘mÝ`Vmo{Z{fÜ oV, Am¡n{ZfX‘² BVrd AmZw‘m{ZH$‘{n à{Vàgy oV.

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B{V MoX², ~m¡Õñ ¡d ì`mhVmW© m{fËdmX² B{V ~«y‘…. *ZZw ~m¡Õñ` ì`mhVmW© m{fËdo‘m`mdm{XZmo ì`mhVmW©^m{fËd§ H$W§ {gÜ`{V?* B{V MoV², nwamUdmŠ`ÛmamgmÑí`à{VnmXZoZ¡d B{V {Z^mb`. `ñ` `oZ gh gmÑí`m{XH$‘² CÀ`Vo, VÝZgdmªeo, A{nVw {dd{jVm§eEd B{V gd©àojmdXZw dJå`‘². `Wm "MÝÐdÝ‘wI‘²'BË`Ìm{n AmôbmXH$ËdmÚ§eEd gmÑí`m{XH§$ J¥hrËdm "MÝÐdX²' B{V à`moJ… {H«$`Vo,VX²dX² AÌm{n ì`mhVmW© m{fËdmÚ§eEd gmÑí § J¥hrËdm "àÀN>ÝZ~m¡Õ'nXà`moJ…lrì`mgmMm £… H¥$V…. *ZZw AÌ ì`mhVmW© m{fËdm{XY‘m©Um‘od gmÑí`{Z`m‘H$V`mJ«hUo qH$ {d{ZJ‘H$‘²?* B{V MoX², "AgÀN>mñÌ‘²' B{V CpŠVaod. {Õ gå~ÕdMZ¡…gå~Õê$noU M nXmW©à{VnmXH§$, VXod àojmd{Ø… "gÀN>mñÌ‘²' CÀ`Vo. `ÌVwAgå~ÕdmMm Ag§~ÕV`m M nXmWm©Zm§ {Zê$nU§ ^d{V, VXod "AgÀN>mñÌ‘²'BË oVÎmw AZwŠV{gÕ‘od. AÌ "AgÀN>mñÌ‘²' B{V CŠË`m ~m¡Õñ` ‘m`mdm{XZ…M C^`moa{n Agå~ÕdmMm Agå~Õê$noU M nXmW©à{VnmXH$Ëd‘² ApñV B{VÜdÝ`Vo.

104 105

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106 107

"AZ¥V§' "{‘Ï`m' "‘¥fm' BË`m{XeãXmZm§ n`m©`Ëd‘od H$mofm{Xfw à{gÕ‘² B{Vnydm}ŠVXmofmUm§ pñWaËd‘od. AgVEd àH$maÛ`mä wnJ‘oZ InwîndÝÜ`mnwÌmXrZm‘²AàVr{V: ‘é‘ar{MH$mXrZm§ àVr{V[a{V gd©‘² AZdÚ‘².

Vñ‘mX² ""`Xm Z bä`Vo ^mdmo `mo ZmpñV B{V àH$ëß`Vo VXm {Zaml`moA^md: H$W§ {VîR>oX² ‘Vo: nwa:. `Xm Z ^mdmo Zm^mdmo ‘Vo… gpÝVîR>Vo nwa:,VXm AÝ`JË`^mdoZ {Zambå~m àemå`{V'' (~mo.M.9&34-35) BË`mXr{ZdMZm{Z Agå~ÕdmX~hþbm{Z B{V {gÕ‘². *ZZw gd©‘² EVX² AgmYr`: ""ZMeyÝ`Vm ^mdmX² ì`{V[aŠVm, ^mdñ ¡d VËñd^mdËdmX². AÝ`Wm eyÝ`Vm`m:^mdmX² ì`{VaoHo$ Y‘m©Um§ {Z:ñd^mdVm Z ñ`mX²'' (~mo.M.n§.9&34) B{VJ « ÝW^mJ oZ e y Ý`Vm`m… ^mdñdê$nËdñ` ¡d Aä` wnJ‘mV ² , H$W §dmAË`ÝVm^mdmì`{V[aŠVËd§ eyÝ`Vm`m…* B{V MoV ², VÝ‘VoV w nXmWm ©Zm §g§d¥{ÎmgËdm§JrH$maoU g§d¥Ë`m ^mdê$nVm`m… A^mdEd n`©d{gVËdoZ VÝ‘Vo@{nna‘mW©Vmo A^mdñ ¡d A§JrH$maoU ì`mdhm[aH$nXmW} "^md…' B{V eãXà`moJmo@{nAgå~ÕdmXnm ofH$: qH$dm ""dÄMZmW©‘ ² CnÝ`mgm obmbmdŠÌmgdm{XdX²''(íbmo.dm.{Zam.dm.8) B{V lrHw$‘m[abmoŠË`ZwgmaoUdÄMZmW©Ed.

(29g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)""AÝ`moÝ`Y‘m©Z² M'' (~«.gy.em§.^m.1&1&) B{V ~m{YV‘od, {gÕmÝVo

{df{`Umo {ZY©‘©H$ËdmV². (C.)""Ord B©emo {dewÕm {MV² VWm Ordoe`mo… {^XmA{dÚm VpÀMVmo… `moJ… fS²> Añ‘mH$‘² AZmX`…'' (?) B{V {gÕmÝVo M¡VÝ oewÕo@{n AZmXrZm§ Y‘m©Um‘² AÜ`ñVmZm§ ñdrH$magå^dmX² ""AÝ`moÝ`Y‘m©Z² M''B{V Z {déÕ‘². VX² CŠV‘² ""Aj‘m ^dV… H$m B § gmYH$ËdàH$ënZo qH$Z ní`{g g§gma§ VÌ¡d AkmZH$pënV‘²'' (~¥h.em§.^m.dm.1&4&1219)""AmZÝXmo {df`mZw^dmo {ZË`Ëd§ M B{V Y‘m©… An¥WŠËdo@{n M¡VÝ`mV²n¥W{Jd Ad^mgÝVo'' (~«.gy.em§.^m.n§.nm.1&1& 1) B{V {ddaU‘VmZwgmaoUg‘mYmZ‘². ^m‘VràñWmZoV w Cn{hVH$maUVm`mEd ñdrH$mamV ² Vñ`M{ZY©‘©H$Ëdm^mdmX² Z CŠVm`m… e§H$m`m… CpËW{Va{n.

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²) ewÕo `{X AÜ`ñVY‘©ñdrH$ma… V{h© e~bo qH$ gË`Y‘©ñdrH$ma…? `{X ewÕo

e~bo M AÜ`ñVY‘©ñdrH$ma… V{h© H$mo dm {deof… ewÕñ` e~bñ` M? `{Xe~bo AÜ`ñVY‘©gÎm`m ewÕËdhm{Z… V{h© H$W§ ewÕo AÜ`ñVY‘©gÎm`m ZewÕËdhm{Z…? AÜ`ñVY‘©gËdo@{n {X ewÕËd§ gwa{jV‘² Ad{VîR>Vo V{h© e~boZ¡d{H$‘² AnamÕ‘²? Z{h AÛ¡{V‘Vo Y‘©ñ` gË`Ëd§ Hw$Ìm{n à{gÕ§, `oZ EH$ÌgË`Y‘©gÎmm AnaÌ {‘Ï`mY‘©gÎmm B{V {ddoH$à{VnmXZ§ g§JV§ ñ`mV². {X CÀ oVCnmÜ`dpÀN>ÝZËd‘ od e~bËdà`m oOH § $ ZV w AÜ`ñVY‘©dËd §, V oZAÜ`ñVY‘©gÎdo@{n CnmÜ`dpÀN>ÝZËdm^mdmV² ewÕñ` Z e~bËdàgpŠV…. EVX²Z jmoXj‘‘², CnmÜ`dpÀN>ÝZËdñ`m{n AÜ`ñVY‘©Ëdê$nËdoZ gm‘mÝ`Vmo,AÜ`ñVY‘©Hy$Q>o {deofê$noU EVñ`m{n AÝV^m©dmX², Añ ¡d e~bËdà`moOH$Ëd§Z AÜ`ñVY‘©dËdñ` B{V H$WZo {deof{d{ZJ‘H$m^mdmV². {H$ÄM nañna§ì`mß`ì`mnH$^mdgËdoZ `Ì CnmÜ`dpÀN>ÝZËd§ VÌ AÜ`ñVY‘©dËd§ `ÌAÜ`ñVY‘ ©dËd § VÌ CnmÜ`dpÀN>ÝZËd{Z`‘ oZ gmYZì`mnH$V`mCnm{YbjUmb{jVËdmX² Añ` Cnm{YËdm^mdmV². dñVwJË`m emñÌÑîQ²>çm dm"ewÕËd'ì`nXoemo mdËgd©‘wpŠVn ©ÝV§, ewÕËdñ ¡d Agå^d… B{V njoVw ‘wŠVoaodCÀN>oXàg§J…. ‘wpŠVàmŠH$mbo ewÕkmZñ` AeŠ`ËdoZ, ewÕñ`¡d gË`ËdoZewÕkmZoZ¡d «‘{Zd¥{Îm… Z «‘mË‘H$e~bkmZoZ B{V AgH¥$Xmdo{XV‘².

(148 g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)`{X ~«÷Ê`{n lwË`mX`Ed Z à‘mU§, V{h© H$W§ Vñ` Am¡n{ZfXËdmåZmZ‘²?

(C.)~«÷U… Am¡n{ZfXËd§ {h àmW{‘H§$ kmZ§ Vñ` Cn{ZfÝ‘ybH$‘² BË`{^àm`H$‘².VWmM AZw‘mZm{Xà‘mUñ`m{n lw{V‘ybñ`m{n VÌ àm‘mÊ o@{n Z Am¡n{ZfXËdñ`ì`mKmV….

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²) AZoZ àíZmoÎmaoU ""Z Y‘©{Okmgm`m{‘d ~«÷{U lwË`mX`Ed à‘mU§

{H$ÝV w lwË`mX`m o AZw^dmX`… M `Wmgå^d‘² Bh à‘mU‘²''(~«.gy.em.^m.1&1&2) BË`ñ`m… n§ŠVo… gå~ÕmW©à{VnmXH$Ëd§ {ZXw©îQ>Ëd§ M à{VnmÚVo{H$ÝVw Añ`m… n§ŠVo… Agå~ÕmW©à{VnmXH$ËdmÚZoH${dYXmofXwîQ>ËdmX² Z¡Ho$Z

108 109

Agå~ÕdmXn[ahmaoU gå~ÕmW©à{VnmXH$Ëd§ {ZXw©îQ>Ëd§ dm g‘r{hV§ doV². VWm{h{ÛVr`mÜ`m`àW‘nmXñ` ""Ñí`Vo Vw'' (~«.gy.2&1&6) B{V gyÌ^mî`o""AmJ‘‘mÌg‘{YJå`EdVw A`‘² AWm} Y‘©dX²'' (em§.^m.VÌ¡d) B{V n§ŠË`m~«÷U… AmJ‘‘mÌg‘{YJå`Ëd§, Y‘©ñ`m{n AmJ‘‘mÌg‘{YJå`Ëd§ g‘mZê$noUApñV B{V {gÕmpÝVV§ lre§H$amMm £…. ""Z Y‘©{Okmgm`m‘²'' BË`ÌVw Y‘©ñ`AmJ‘‘mÌg‘{YJå`Ëd§ ~«÷UñVw BVaà‘mUJå`Ëd‘{n ñWmß`VBË` § {damoYñVwXwîn[ahaEd. ""~«÷U… Am¡n{ZfXËdmåZmZ§ Cn{ZfÁOÝ`kmZñ` àmW{‘H$Ëdm{^àm oUVXZwlwË`ZwHy$bmZw‘mZmXrZm‘{n àd¥{Îm… ~«÷{U gwIoZ ^{dVw‘² Ah©{V, Z VoZH$W‘{n Am¡n{ZfXËdì`mKmV…'' BË`m{X g‘mYmZ‘{n VX¡d g§JV§ ñ`mX² `{X Z""Y‘©{Okmgm`m{‘d Y‘©dX²'' B{V M gwñnîQ>{déÕnXÛ`mpñVËd‘² AÛ¡{V^mî oZ ñ`mV². `Wm EVËnXÛ`§ {déÕ§ VW¡d ""AmJ‘‘mÌg‘{YJå`Ed'' B{V^mJñ` ""lwË`mX`Ed Z à‘mU‘²'' B{V mJñ`m{n {damoY… ñnîQ>Ed AdJå`Vo.

`{XVw Ed‘² CÀ`Vo : ""lwË`mX`mo AZw dmX`… M'' BË`Ì "AZw dmX`íM'B{V nX oZ Cn{ZfXZ wH y $bmZ w‘mZmXrZm‘{n àd ¥ {Îm… {dd{jVo {V H$W §""AmJ‘‘mÌg‘{YJå`...'' B{V ^mJñ` ""lwË`mX`Ed Z à‘mU‘²'' B{V^mJñ` M {‘Wmo {damoY…? VX² Z Mmé, lwË`ZwHy$bmZw‘mZmXrZm§ àd¥{ÎmñVw Y‘}@{nAñVr{V ""Z Y‘©{Okmgm`m{‘d'' BË`Z oZà{Vnm{XVY‘©~«÷JVko`Ëdm §ed¡bjÊ`ñ` Z¡aW©Š`‘od ñ`mV². Y‘}@{ndoXmZwHy$bVH$m©{Xàd¥Ë`ñdrH$maoVw nyd©‘r‘m§gm`m… Z¡aW©Š`‘od Am`m{V. ‘r‘m§gm`m…VH©$ñ` M oXmo AZw y Vo?* B{V MoX², Z ""‘r‘m§gmg§kH$… VH©$… gdm} doXg‘wØd…''B{V A{^`wŠVmoŠË`m ^oXñ` ~m{YVËdmX² A^oXEd dard{V©. C^`‘r‘m§gm`m§nmX{deof`mo… "VH©$nmX…' B{V A{^YmZ‘{n lwË`ZwHy$bVH©$ñ` ‘r‘m§gm`m… MVmXmËå`§ à‘mU`{V. {H$ÄM CnH«$‘Ý`m`mnÀN>oXÝ`m`m{Xîd{n ñnîQ>V`mlwË`ZwHy$bVH©$ñ` CnOrdZ§ Ñí`Vo. VWm{h : AZwng§OmV{damo{YËdmX² CnH«$‘ñ ¡dàm~ë`‘², ""nydª na‘² AOmVËdmX² A~mYoZ¡d Om`Vo. nañ` AÝ`Wm CËnmXmX²Z AmÚm~mYoZ gå^d…'' (‘r‘m§.H$mo.AnÀN>o.Ý`m.). AnÀN>oXñWboVw nañ ¡dàm~ë`§, AÝ`moÝ`{ZanojÛ`o nañ`¡d àm~ë`‘² B{V {Z`‘mX², dMZ‘{n Ñí`Vo`Wm ""nydm©V² na~br`ñËd§ VÌ Zm‘ àVr`Vm‘² AÝ`moÝ`{ZanojmUm§ Ì OÝ‘{Y`m§ ^doV². nydm©~mYoZ ZmoËn{Îm… CÎmañ` {h {gÜ`{V'' (?) B{V

{d{^ÝZñWbofw {dbjUê$noU {Z`m‘H$mZm‘² AZwngÄOmV{damo{YËdmÝ`moÝ`{ZanojÛ onydm©~mYoZ nañ` AZwËn{Îm‘ËdmXrZm§ qH$ lwË`ZwHy$bVH©$ê$nËd§ ‘r‘m§gH¡$… Zñdr{H«$`Vo? VH©$ê$nËdÝVw EVofm§ àË`jV`m AdbmoH$ZnW‘² Am`m{V. Z{hñdmZw dmnbmn… gw{Y{^… H$Vwª eŠ`…. `Îmw ‘ yI‘m{bH$m`m§ gmo‘ZmWoZ CŠV‘²"""D$hmo {dVH}$' B{V YmVw{ZînÝZ-"D$h'eãXñ` VH©$kmZmW©H$ËdoZ Vñ`MAMmoXZmbjUËdoZ Y‘m©^mdmV² emñÌo ì`wËnmÚËd‘² A`wŠV‘²''(em.Xr.‘.‘m.9&1&1) B{V VX{n lw{Và{VHy$bVH$m©Úàm‘mÊ`m{^àm`H$‘od.""H¥$ËñZemñÌñ`m{n D$ô`‘mZËdoZ Zd‘mgmYmaUËdmZwnnÎmo…'' (VÌ¡d) B{VA{J«‘n§ŠË`m Añ‘XwŠVm{^àm`ñ ¡d ÑT>rH$aUmV².

(200g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)AÛ¡V‘Vo àYmZñWmZr`àH¥$Voa{n H$maUËdñdrH$mamV² VËH$maUËdoZ¡d

~«÷Umo@{n H$maUËdì`dhma‘m̧ B{V {gÕmÝVñ`m{n H$m¡‘wXrH$mam{Xgå‘VËdmV²M {H$‘Wª àYmZH$maUdmX{Zamg… gyÌH$mamUm§ ^mî`H$mamUm§ dm? (C.)‘m`m{Z{‘ÎmH$maU‘od Z CnmXmZH$maU‘² B{V ^m‘Vr{gÕmÝVo àH¥${VH$maUËdoZ Z~ «ô‘H$maUËd §, {ddaU‘V oV w àH ¥ $V o … n[aUm{‘H$maUËd § ~ «ô‘UñV w{ddVm}nmXmZH$maUËd§, g§jonemaraH$‘Vo@{n m‘Vr‘V{‘d Z ‘m`m`m… CnmXmZËd§.""~«ô‘mkmZmX² OJV² gdª ~«ô‘Umo AH$maUËdV…'' B{V dm{V©H$H$mZwgm[a‘VoVw‘m`m‘mÌH$maUËdo@{n ànÄMñ` ~«ô‘m{lVmkmZH$m`©Ëdñ`¡d A§JrH$mamV²ñdVÝÌVËH$maUËdñ` AñdrH$mamV² VÎmQ>ñWbjUËdñ ¡d ñdrH$mamX² Z gm§»`‘VoZgm‘mÝ`‘² B{V gyÌH$mamUm§ ^mî`H$mamUm§ M ñdVÝÌàYmZH$maUVmdmX{Zamg…ewÕ~«ô‘à{VnÎ wnm`mo Z {ZaW©H$….

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²) gm§»`‘Vo OS>m`m… àH¥$Voaod H$V¥©Ëd§, "gV²'eãXmW©‘{n àYmZ‘od, ""VX²

EojV'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&3) BË`m{XZm CŠV§ B©jË`m{XH$ÝVw ""Hy$b§ {nn{Vf{V''BË`m{XdX² Jm¡U‘od, ""‘‘ AmË‘m ÐgoZ…'' B{VdX² "AmË‘'eãXmo@{n mŠVEd.VW¡d AÛ¡V‘Vo@{n H$maUËdH$V¥©Ëdm{XY‘m©Um§ ewÕo pñWË`gå^dmo AÝ`WmewÕËd^§Jàg§J…. ‘m`mà{V{~på~VM¡VÝ`ñ` VXdpÀN>ÝZM¡VÝ`ñ` dme~bËdñdrH$mao@{n M¡VÝ`m§eoVw H$V¥©Ëdñ` ~m{YVËdmV² ""g{deofUo {h

110 111

{d{Y{ZfoYm¡...''(bm¡.Ý`m.2/g) B{V Ý`m oZ H$V¥©Ëdo{jV¥Ëdm{XY‘m©Um§ ‘m`m`m‘odn ©dgmZ§ dmÀ §, àH¥$Vo… OS>Ëdñ` C^`Ìm{n Vwë`ËdmV². ‘w» o{jV¥Ëdñ` àH¥$Vm¡~m{YVËdmX² B©jË`mXoa{n Jm¡UËd§ Vwë`‘².

AV… EVpñ‘Z² A§eo AÛ¡V‘Vñ` gm§»`‘Vñ`m{n `{X Vm¡ë § V{h© {H$‘WªgyÌH$ma¡… ^mî`H$ma¡… M B©jË`{YH$aUo gm§»`‘V{Zamg… {H«$`Vo B{V Efm e§H$màX{e©Vm? Ûm Añ` àíZñ` ~«÷m{YpîR>Vm àH¥${V… OJËH$maU§ CV AZ{YpîR>Vm?H$maUËd‘{n {Z{‘Îmê$n‘² CnmXmZê$n§ dm? CnmXmZËd‘{n {ddV©ê$n‘² n[aUm‘ê$n§dm BË`mÚ§eo@{n qH$ gm§»`‘VoZ gh gmå`‘² ApñV? àH¥${VH$maUËdm§eoVw H¡$píMV²H$m¡‘wXrH$mam{X{^… gmå § ñdrH¥$V‘od. ~«÷UñVw H$maUËd§ ì`dhma‘m̧ ^dVr{VAÛ¡Vñ` gm§»`‘Vg‘mZ`moJjo‘ËdmV² {H$‘Wª gyÌH$ma ¡… ^mî`H$ma ¡… Mgm§»`‘V{Zamg… {H«$`Vo B{V dm e§H$me`….

`{X {ÛVr § àíZme`‘² A§JrH¥$Ë` EVXwÎma§ XÎm‘² B{V CÀ`Vo MoV² H$WpÄMX²Añ` gmYwËd§ m{V. mdVm AÛ¡{V‘Vo ~«÷m{lVmkmZH$m ©ñ` A§JrH$mamX² ~«÷m{lV¡dàH¥${V… OJËH$maU§ Z ñdVÝÌm àH¥${V…. VËH$maUËd‘{n {ddVm}nmXmZê$n‘odAV… gm§»`‘VmX² d¡bjÊ`ñ` {dÚ‘mZËdoZ Z gm§»`‘VVwë`Ëd‘².

{H$ÄM ^m‘VrH$ma{ddaUH$mag§jonemaraH$H$ma¡… {ddVm}nmXmZê$nH$maUËdñ`~«÷Ê`{n Aä`wnJVËdmX² Z gd}@{n AÛ¡{VZm o ""~«÷UñVw H$maUËd§ì`dhma‘mÌ‘²'' B{V {gÕmÝV‘² A§JrHw$d©pÝV B{V {H$ÝVw {ÛVr`me`ñdrH$maoAñ` àíZñ` EVXwÎmañ` M B©jË`{YH$aUoZ gh gå~ÝYmo ApñV Z dm? EVmdXodAmbmoMZr`‘². Z{h B©jË`{YH$aU§ ~«÷m{YpîR>VàH¥$Vo… OJËH$maU§ Z ñdV§Ìm`m…VËH$maUËd‘{n àñWmZmÝVa^oXoZ {Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZmÝ`Vaê$n‘² BË`m{X {Zê$nUmWªàd ¥Î m‘ ² A{nV w ""VÎm w g‘Ýd`mX²'' (~ « .g y .1&1&3) BË`m{XZmH$maUdñVw{Zê$nH$mon{ZfX²dmŠ`mZm§ ~«÷{U g‘pÝdVËdàXe©ZoZ g‘Ýd o à{VkmVo,VmÑeg‘Ýd`{dKQ>Zm` gX²{dÚm`m… àYmZnaËdà{VnmXZmWª gX²{dÚm`m… MàYmZnaËdàXe©ZoZ CnbjU{dY`m gd}fm§ doXdmŠ`mZm§ àYmZEd n`©dgmZ§Ý`mæ`{‘{V àYmZEd H$maUdñVw{Zê$nH$m{U dmŠ`m{Z g‘pÝdVm{Z ZVw ~«÷{UBË`od§arË`m H${nbmZw`m{`dJ} nwaV… CnpñWVo ñdm{^‘Vg‘Ýd`gmYZm`""B©jVo…...AmË‘eãXmV²...‘mojmonXoemV²...ñdmß``mV²'' (~«.gy.1&1&4-

8) BË`m{XhoVwH$Xå~¡… gpÀMXmZÝXê$nñ ¡d ~«÷Umo OJËH$maUËd§ doXo à{VnmÚVoB{V {Zê$nUmW©‘² B©jË`{YH$aU§ ^JdVm doXì`mgoZ àmaãY§, ZVw OS>m`m… àH¥$Vo…OJËH$maUËd§ doXoZ {gÕç{V. VÌ B©jUmË‘m{Xà`moJñ` ‘w»`ñ` ~m{YVËdoZJm¡Uñ ¡d H$ënZr`V`m eãXà‘mUHo$ AW} Jm¡UrH$ënZm`m… AÝ`mæ`V`m gd©ÌCnMmaH$aUo eãXàm‘mÊ`ñ`¡d CÀN>oXàg§JmV². Z AÌ Jm¡Ur H$ënZm Ý`mæ`m,A{nVw ‘w»`mW©n[aJ«hEd `wŠVm o, A`‘od amÕmÝV… B ©jË`{YH$aUñ`em§H$amÚZoH$doXmpÝVg§‘V…. *ZZw A`‘od Ame`… B©jË`{YH$aUñ` Z nyd©à{Vnm{XVBË`Ì qH$ {d{ZJ‘H$‘²?* B{V MoX², ""B©jVo… Z AeãX‘²'' (~«.gy.1&1&4)BË`m{XgyÌñdmañ`‘od. VWm{h {X àH¥$Vo… naVÝÌËdà{VnmXZ§ gyÌH$mag§‘V§ ñ`mV²,V{h© ""B©jVo… Z AeãX‘²'' BË`m{XgyÌñWmZo ""AOm naVÝÌm'' ""Aì`ŠVmV²nwéf… na…'' (H$R>mon.1&3&11) B{V lwVo… ""g§ wŠV‘² EVX²'' BË`m{XlwVo… M,""ñ‘¥VoíM'' BË`m{XgyÌmUm‘² CnÝ`mg… ñ`mV². A{nVw OS>H$maUËdà{VjonmW©‘odM ¡VÝ`Ed ‘ w»` o {jV ¥Ëdm{XY‘m ©Um § pñW{V… BË`m{X g yMZmW ª MB©jË`m{XhoVwH$Xå~monÝ`mgmo ^JdVm kmZeŠË`dVmaoU H¥$V….

AV… àíZ{ÛVr`me`n[aJ«ho H¥$VoVw Añ` CÎmañ` àíZñ` M gmYwËd‘² AmnmVVmoAdbmoH$Zo H¥$Vo ^m{V. VWm{n Ed‘² Ame oZ Añ` àíZñ` Añ` CÎmañ` MgyÌmjamgå~ÕËdmV² gyÌñdmañ`gyÌKQ>H$hoVypŠVñdmañ`mXrZm§ {dKmVH$ËdmV² Mgd©Wm ho`Ëd‘od à{V^m{V. {H$ÄM àíZo ""H$m¡‘wXrH$mam{Xg§‘VËdmV² M'' B{V`X² CŠV§ Vñ` A`‘² Ame`… à{V^m{V : V² Ho$MZ¡d AÛ¡{VZ… àH¥${VH$maUdm{XZmoZVw gd} B{V, Z EVX² C{MV{‘d ^m{V. gd}@{n AÛ¡{VZ… àH¥${VH$maUdm{XZEd,Am ¡nm{YH$Y‘©dm{XZm § ‘V o Y‘m ©Um‘ ² CnmYmd od n` ©dgmZmV ². EVÎm wàW‘àíZme`{dMmamdgaEd {ddo{MV‘².

{X àW‘àíZme`mo Aä wno Vo MoV², VXm Z AZwJwU‘² EVXwÎma§ {H$ÝVw ""Am‘«mZ²n¥îQ>… H$mo{dXmamZ² ì`mMîQ>o'' B{V Ý`m`mZwgaU‘² EVV². Z{h ^m‘VrH$maoU{ddaUH$maoU {ddVm}nmXmZËd§ ñdrH¥$V‘² B{V CŠË`m OS>H$maUËd{ZagZ§gå^dXwpŠVH$‘². AÛ¡{V{^… oarKmofoU CÓmo{fVñ` M¡VÝ`ñ` gH$bY‘©{dYwaËd‘²B{V {gÕmÝVñ` ""g{deofUo {h'' B{V Ý`m`ñ` M OmJê$H$ËdoZ Apñ‘Z² A§eogm§»`‘VVm¡ë`ñ` dO«bonm{`VËdmX², AÛ¡{V‘Vo B©jË`{YH$aUd¡ Ï ©ê$nXmofàgpŠV…Xwdm©a¡d. ewÕo AdpÀN>ÝZo@{n M¡VÝ`o `Wm B©{jV¥Ëdm{XY‘©pñWË`gå^d… VWmAñ‘m{^… ""AÝ`moÝ`Y‘m©Z² M...'' B{V ~m{YV‘od B{V àíZmoÎmag‘mbmoMZmdgao

112 113

àH¥$VàíZàW‘me`{d‘e©H$mbo M {Zdo{XV‘² B{V {deof{Okmgm`m§ VVmo AdYo ‘².AV… B©jUm{XY‘m©Um§ àH¥${Vn ©dgm{`Ëdñ` C^`Ìm{n Vwë`ËdmV² gmÜdod A{^{hV§lr{ZJ‘mÝVX o {eH ¡ $ … ""gm §»`gm¡JVMmdm ©H$g§H$amV ² e§H$am oX`…''(Ý`m.{g.3&68&) B{V.

`Îmw ""~«÷mkmZmX² OJV² gdª ~«÷Umo AH$maUËdV…''(?) B{Vdm{Îm©H$mZwgm[a‘Vo ‘m`m‘mÌH$maUËdo@{n ànÄMñ` ~«÷m{lVmkmZH$m`©Ëdñ`¡dA§JrH$mamV² ñdVÝÌñ` VËH$maUËdñ` AñdrH$mamX² Z gm§»`‘VoZ gm‘mÝ`‘²''B{V CŠV§, VX² Z {dMmaj‘‘². Z{h AÌ AZm{lVàH¥$Vo… OJËH$maUËd§,~«÷m{lVàH¥$Vo… OJËH$maUËd§ dm, BË`ñ` {dMmañ` àgpŠV…; A{nVw, ""ZOS>H$maUH§$ OJV², MoVZH$m`©‘od, H$maUo B©jUm{XY‘m©Um§ H$WZmX²'' BË`ñ`¡d{dMmañ` Apñ‘Z² A{YH$aUo CØd… B{V AYñVmXod Amdo{XV‘². AÝ`WmgyÌñdmañ`m{X §JXmofmo XwéÕaEd. AV… B©jË`{YH$aUñ` Z H$W‘{n AÛ¡{V‘Vo{Zdm©h….

(266g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)Z{h H$maU{Zð>ñ` ‘mojmonXoe…, gJwUàmYmÝ`mnmVm{X{V ""VpÝZîR>ñ`

‘mojmonXoemX²'' (~«.gy.1&4&6) B{V AÛ¡V‘Vñ` dO«m §Hw$eEd ñ`mV².AIÊS>{Zð>ñ` ‘mojmonXoemo Zm‘, Z H$maU{Zð>ñ`. (C.)"VpÝZð>Ëd§' Zm‘ VX² md….gM AZoH$OrddmXo Ordñ` ‘wŠË`dñWm`m‘² B©ída^mdEdo{V H$maU{Zð>¡d ‘wpŠV[a{VZ AÛ¡V‘V{déÕ‘².

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²) `X{n B©jË`{YH$aUo ""Z{h H$maU{ZîR>ñ` AÛ¡V‘Vo@{n ‘mojmonXoe…...''

B{V àíZoZ, ""VpÝZîR>Ëd§ Zm‘ VX²^md…'' B{V CÎmaoU M Ambmo{MV§ VX{nAZmbmo{MVàm`‘od. VWm{h AÛ¡{V‘Vo e~bñ`¡d H$maUê$nËdmV² VÌ¡dB©{jV¥ËdmXrZm§ n`©d{gVËdmV², Vñ`¡d B©jË`{YH$aUà{VnmÚËd‘² AÛ¡{VZmo@{nA§JrHw$d©pÝV. {H$ÝVw B©jË`{YH$aUo "VpÝZîR>ñ`...' B{V gyÌo "VV²'nXoZ Vñ`J«hU§ Z gå^d{V Vñ` AVmpËdH$ËdmV². VmÑedñVwkmZñ` ‘wŠË`gmYH$V`mVËdkmZ§ ‘wŠË`W©‘² Amdí`H$‘². VËdkmZÝVw AÛ¡{V‘Vo AIÊS>kmZ‘od Ze~bkmZ‘². `{X CÀ oV AIÊS§> ~«÷¡d "VV²'nXmW©V`m Añ‘m{^… ñdr{H«$`Vo,

Z EVX² `wŠV‘², CnH«$mÝVË`mJmZwnH«$mÝVJ«hUmÚZoH$XmofXwîQ>ËdmV². AV…""VpÝZîR>ñ`...'' B{V gy̧ em§H$a‘Vo Z H$W‘{n {Zd©h{V B{V àíZme`….

`Ûm e~bkmZñ` VmpËdH$mÚ§eo Am¡XmgrÝ`‘² Adbåã` VpÝZîR>ñ`VX² mdmn{Îm…-gJwUoída^mdmn{Îm… B{V mdX²-B{V AW©‘² Aä wnJå` {X ‘wŠVñ`na‘‘wpŠVXem`m‘{n gJwU^mdàmpßV…, V{h© gJwUñ`¡d àmYmÝ`{gÕçmAÛ¡VamÕmÝV{damo{YËd§ ñnîQ>‘od Añ` gyÌñ`. Z{h AÛ¡{V‘Vo AIÊS>M¡VÝ`ê$noUAdñWmZ{‘d gJwUoídaê$noU pñW{V… ‘wpŠVV`m Aä`wno`Vo. AV… em§H$a‘Vo""VpÝZîR>ñ`...'' B{V gyÌñ` Z H$W‘{n {Zdm©h… B{V Ame`….

`{X {ÛVr`me oZ Añ` àíZmoÎmañ` CpËW{V… B{V CÀ`Vo, VXm H$WpÄMX²Añ` CÎmañ` gmYwËd^«mpÝV… ^d{V {H$ÝVw ""...‘mojmonXoemX²'' B{VgyÌmoÎmamY© mJmZwnnË`m Z H$W§{MX{n Añ` gXwÎmaËd§ {gÜ`{V. VWm{h AÛ¡{V‘VogJwUñ` {‘Ï`mËdm§JrH$maoU, {‘Ï`mËdñ` M ~ÝYZmÝVar`H$ËdoZ, ~ÕmdñWm`m§"‘wpŠV'nXà`moJñ` emñÌo bmoHo$ M AÑîQ>MaËdoZ, Ho$dbñdJmoîR>rg‘`‘mÌoUdm{XöX`gÝVmofmZmYm`H$ËdmV². *ZZw {gÕmÝVboeo B©ídañ`m{n {ZaÄOZËdmoŠË`mgJwUñ` nma‘m{W©H$Ëd‘od B{V Z nydm }ŠVñ` gmYwËd‘²* B{V MoX² Z,AÛ¡V{g{ÕJVÑí`ËdmZw‘mZ{dMmao Cn{hV{‘Ï`mËdñ` ñnîQ>V`m à{Vnm{XVËdoZCn{hVgË`Ëdmem`mA{n XyamnoVËdoZ Añ‘XwŠVmW©ñ`

gd©Wm gwpñWaËd‘od. AÝ`Wm Ñí`ËdmZw‘mZñ` AZ¡H$mpÝVH$Ëd§ m‘VràñWmZoXwîn[aha‘od ñ`mV². `{X "VpÝZîR>ñ`'B{V nXñ` dm{Îm©H$‘VmZwgm ©W©‘² Adbåã`àíZàW‘me § n[aJ¥h² CÎm[aV‘² B{V CÀ`Vo, VXmVw Añ` CÎmañ` AZwÎmaËd‘od.VWm{h g‘yb^«‘{Zd¥qÎm {dZm ‘wŠVo… Aàmß`V`m ‘wpŠVXem`m§ ^«‘{Zd¥Îmo…na‘mdí`H$Ëd‘od, «‘{Zd¥{ÎmñVw VËdkmZoZ¡d B{V Vw AÛ¡{VZm‘{n AZw‘VnÝWm….A{^`wŠVmopŠV{ZHw$aå~mo@{n `Wm-

""VËdmdYmaUmä`mgñ` {h ñd^mdEd EVmÑem o `X²AZm{X‘{n {Zê$T>{Z{~S>dmgZ‘{n {‘Ï`màË``‘² AnZ`{V'' ( ).

114 115

""Amamo{nV§{h ê$n§ VËdkmZoZ AnmoÚVo'' ( ). ""{‘Ï`mkmZàgpÄOV§ ñdê$n§ eŠ § VËdkmZoZ And{XVw‘²''

( ). ""VËd{d{ZíM`… VXä`mgmo dm gdmgZ§ {dn`m©g‘² CÝ‘yb oX²

Z g§e`mä`mg… gm‘mÝ`‘mÌXe©Zmä`mgmo dm. Z{h ñWmUw… dm nwéfmodm B{V Amamohn[aUm‘dX² Ðì`‘² B{V dm eVemo@{n kmZ‘²Aä`ñ`‘mZ§ "nwéfEd' B{V {ZíM`m` n`m©ßV§, F$Vo {deofXe©ZmV²''( ).

""g‘mamo{nV§ M VËdgmjmËH$ma… g‘ybKmV‘² Cn- hpÝV''( ). ""ZZw "Va{V emoH$‘² AmË‘{dX²' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.7&1&3) BË`mXm¡

emoH$ê$nmkmZñ` VaUê$n{Zd¥qÎm à{V gmYZËdoZ CŠVm`m…AmË‘{dÚm`m… Z VmdX² AmË‘{df`H$^«‘Ëd§ `wŠV§, ^«‘ñ`AkmZm{ZdV©H$ËdmV² {H$ÝV w gm à‘¡d. à‘mËdÄM Vñ`m…ewÕ{df`H$ËdoZ ¡d o{V doXmÝVmZm § ewÕ~«÷kmZOZH$Ëd‘²Amdí`H$‘od o{V AñdagmX² Amh "dñVwVñVw'B{V.(AÛ¡.{g.{g{Õì`m.1&Ñí`ËdhoVw).

""bmoHo$@{n VW¡d AZw dmo aÁOwkmZoZ¡d gn©kmZ{Zd¥{Îm… Ñí`VoZmÝ oZ kmZoZ. AVEd m‘Vr‘V§ Xy{fV{‘{V ‘Ëdm {ddaUmZw m{`Zm§"eãXmOÝ`d¥{Îm{df`Ëd§ Ñí`Ëd‘²' B{V Ñí`ËdhoVmo… n[aîH$ma…''( )..

Vñ‘mV² gJwUkmZñ` AndJm©gmYH$V`m "VV²'nXoZ AIÊS>~«÷UEd J«hU‘²B{V dŠVì`§ {H$ÝV w EVËH$WZñ` CnH«$mÝVË`mJmÚZoH$Xm ofñn¥îQ >Ëd oZàojmdXZwnmXo`Ëd‘od. *ZZw gJwUñ`¡d CnH«$mÝVËd‘² B{V H$W§ {ZU©`…?* B{VMoX², ^m‘Ë`mÚZoH$ì`m»`mV¥‘V{d‘e}Z¡d B{V ~«y‘…. VWm{h B©jË`{YH$aUo^m‘VrH$ma…-

""~«÷¡d B©{jV¥ AZmÚ{Zdm©À`m{dÚmg{Md§ OJXwnmXmZ§,ewpŠV[ad g‘mamo{nVñ` aOVñ`, ‘arM`Bd Obñ`, EH$…MÝБmBd {ÛVr`ñ` MÝБgmo ZVw AMoVZ§ àYmZna‘mÊdm{X….''

(^m‘.1&1&5) B{V Apñ‘ÝZod A{YH$aUo ""lwVËdmV² M'' (~«.gy.1&1&10) B{V gyÌo

Cng§hma‘wIoZm{n B‘‘od AWª ÑT>`pÝV ^m‘VrH$mam…- """VX² EojV' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&3) BË`Ì B©jU‘m̧

OJËH$maUñ` lwV§ Z gd©{df`‘². OJËH$maUgå~pÝYV`mVwVXWm©V² gd©{df`‘² AdJV§, ídoVmídVamUmÝVw Cn{Zf{X gd©k…B©ídamo OJËH$maU‘² B{V gmjmX² CŠV‘² B{V {deof….''

(^m‘.1&1&11). AmZÝX‘`m{YH$aUQ>rH$m`m‘{n-

"""~«÷ {Okm{gVì`‘²' B{V à{VkmV‘². VÀMemñÌ¡H$g‘{YJå`§, emņ̃ M gd©ko gd©eŠVm ¡OJXwËn{ÎmpñW{Vàb`H$maUo ~«÷Ê`od à‘mU§ Z àYmZmXm¡ B{VÝ`m`Vmo ì`wËnm{XV‘². ZM ApñV H$píMX² doXmÝV^mJmo `…VX²{dnarV‘{n ~moY oX² B{V M. "J{Vgm‘mÝ`mX²' B{V CŠV‘².''

(^m‘.1&1&12).

BË oVX² m‘Vr^mJmdbmoH$Zo gJwUñ ¡d Apñ‘Z² A{YH$aUo CnH«$mÝVËd‘² B{VAÜ`dgr`V o. ì`ŠVV`m AZmÚ{dÚmg{Mdñ` ¡d B © {jV ¥Ëdm oŠV o …AmZÝX‘`m{YH$aUQ>rH$mJ«ÝWoZm{n nydm}ŠVEd AW©… CnmoX²~{bV….

aËZà^m`m‘{n ""ZZw ‘m`monm{YH${~å~{MÝ‘mÌñ` B©ídañ` H$W‘² B©jU§à{V ‘w» § H$V¥©Ëd§? H¥$Ë`^mdmX² B{V MoX² Z, H$m`m©ZwHy$bkmZdVEd H$V¥©ËdmX²B©ídañ`m{n B©jUmZwHy$bkmZdËdmX²'' (a.à.VÌ¡d) B{V nydm}ÎmanjJ«ÝWoZ‘m`m onm {YH${~å~{MÝ‘mÌñ` ¡d B © {jV ¥ËdñWmnZmV ² gJ wUñ` ¡dB©jË`{YH$aUmonH«$mÝVËd‘² BË`pñ‘Z² A§eo aËZà^mZwHy$ë`‘{n {dÚVo.

`{XVw dm{V©H$‘VoZ Apñ‘Z² A{YH$aUo {ZJw©Uñ ¡d CnH«$mÝVËd‘² B{V njmoAä wno Vo VXm à~bVaàm‘mÊ`monoVlw{VdmŠ`monÝ`mgoZ ewÕEd B©{jV¥Ëdm{XñWmnZ§{H«$`Vo V{h© AZoH$lw{Vñdê$najUmWª àmH¥$VY‘m©Zml`màmH¥$VY‘©ê$nmX² wVm{MÝË`-

116 117

{Xì`-{déÕY‘m ©l`-{ZJ‘à{VnmÚ-gmH ¥ $ {V~ «ô‘-ñdr- H$ma oUewÕmÛ¡{VJmoîR>ràdoeEd {H$‘Wª Z {H«$`Vo B{V {dñ‘`mdh‘² EVV². {XVw gJwUñ ¡dCnH«$mÝVËd‘² B{V njm§JrH$ma… V{h© nydm}ŠVXyfUê$nUm©nmH$aU§ dm{Îm©H$‘VmZwgm[aUm‘²Amdí`H$‘².

lr wVempñÌMaUmA{n àXrnJ«ÝWo lr^mî`moŠVXyfUn[ahmana^mJo gJwUñ ¡dH$maUËd‘² B©{jV¥Ëdm{XH§$ M ñdrHw$d©ÝVr{V Z empñÌMaU‘V{damoYmo@{n Añ‘Ý‘VoZgmH$‘².

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{H$ÄM "{dkmZ'nXñ` ""VX²ì`{VaoHo$U A^md…'' B{V AW©ñVw bmj{UH$Ed^m{V {H$ÝVw bjUm`m: ‘ybÝVw Z ní`m‘:. m¡pŠVH$~mYmo àË`j~mYmo dm lw{V~mYmodm ‘yb‘²? àmÀ`njñdrH$maoVw Ñí`ËdmZw‘mZm{X`wŠVoaod ~mYH$Ëd‘² AÛ¡{V{^:dŠVw§ eŠ`oV. Ñí`ËdmZw‘mZmXo:, {H$ÝVw, AZoH$XmofXwîQ>ËdÝVw eVXyfUr-ghò{H$aUrà ¥{Vfw Ñí`ËdmZw‘mZ{ZamgHo$fw J«ÝWofw nyU©V`m à{Vnm{XV{‘{V VVmoAdYo ‘². Añ‘m{^a{n Ñí`ËdmZw‘mZñ` "AÛ¡VmbmoMZm'»`J«ÝWo Apñ‘ÝZ{n J«ÝWoM AJ«o {ZagZr`ËdoZ ZmÌ {Zamg: {H«$`Vo. `{X àË`j~mYñ` ‘ybËd‘² B{VCÀ`oV VXm{n àË`jñ` AÛ¡{V‘Vo gd©Wm àm{VHy$ë`oZ Jbo nmXwH$mÝ`m`ñ`¡dàga: ñ`mV². EV{Ûeof{Okmgm`mÝVw lr^mî`-lwVàH$m{eH$m-VÎdQ>rH$m-VÎd‘wŠVmH$bmnmX`mo J«ÝWm… AZwgÝYo m:. lw{V~mYñVw ZmñË od B{VVw KÊQ>mKmofoUH$W`m‘:. ""AVmo AÝ`X² AmV©‘²'' (~¥h.Cn.3&4&2) BË`m{Xlw{V{dMmamo@{nlrnwéfmoÎm‘MaU¡: àH$meo g¥pîQ> oXdmXo AmdaU §Jo M H¥$VB{V VVmo AdYo :.

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gyÌm§e{damoY…. (C.)""...VÕ‘©ì`nXoemX²'' (~«.gy.1&2&18) B{V nXÝVw{Z{d©eofmonXoeñ` gX²{dÚm@ja{dÚ`mo… AÜ`mamonmndmX{dY`m VQ>ñWbjU{dY`mH$pënVY‘©nwañH$maoU àd¥ÎmËdmX² {Z{d©eofnaËdo@{n Z AZwnnÝZ‘². B`mZ² {deof…: EV`mo… H$m`©H$maU{dY`m Y‘m©X² dm {Z{d©eofmonXoemo AÌVw earaÛmam B{V.earaÛmam{n {Z{d ©e ofm onX oeñVw AmZÝX‘`{dÚm`m § Ñï>MaEd. VWmMAmZÝX‘`m{YH$aU{gÕmÝVÝ`m oZ AÌm{n {Z{d©eofnaËd§ VX² Y‘m}nXoeo@{n Z Xmofm`.VoZM H$m`©H$maU^md… earaear[a^md… M AZWm©ÝVa‘² B{V gyÀ`Vo.

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²) `X{n EVXì`d{hVàíZmoÎmao """VÕ‘m}nXoemX²' B{VVw {Z{d©eofmonXoeñ`...

VÕ‘m}nXoeo@{n Z Xmofm`'' B{V CŠV§ VX{n {MÝË`‘od. VWm{h ""{dÚm`m…{Z{d©eofnaËd‘²'' BË`ñ` H$mo AW©:? qH$ gH$bY‘©eyÝ`à{VnmXH$Ëd‘² CVH$pënVY‘©nwañH$maoU ~«ô‘à{VnmXH$Ëd‘²? `Ûm `ñ`m§ {dÚm`m§ H${Vn`dmŠ`¡:AÜ`mamonÝ`m oZ Y‘© wŠV~«ô‘à{VnmXH$Ëd§ Vñ`m‘od AnadmŠ ¡: AndmXÝ`m oZY‘©a{hV~«ô‘à{VnmXH$Ëd‘²? gmjmV² gY‘©H$~«ô‘à{VnmXH$Ëdo@{n naåna`m{Z{d©eof~«ô‘à{VnmXH$Ëd§ dm? Z V¥Vr`:, EVmÑe{Z{d©eofna{dÚm`mEdAZwnbãYo:. *ZZw AmZÝX‘`{dÚm`mEd EVmÑe{Z{deofnaËd‘² ApñV* B{V MoX²Z, AmZÝX‘`{dÚm`m§ Hw$Ìm{n {Z{d©eofnaËdgmYH$lw{VqbJmÚZwnbãYo:{Z{d©eofnaVm`mEd AeŠ`dMZËdmV². *ZZw ""`Vmo dmMmo {ZdV©ÝVo''(V¡{Îm.Cn.2&4) B{V lw{Vaod AmZÝX‘`{dÚm`m… {Z{d©eofnaËdgmYZo à‘mU‘²*B{V MoX² Z, Añ`m: lwVo: {Z{d©eofgmYH$ËdH$ënZm`mA{n Xya{ZañVËdmV²,lrnwéfmoÎm‘MaU¡: mî`àH$meV¥Vr`mÜ`m`{ÛVr`nmXo Añ`m: lwVo: g{deofnaËdñ`~hþYm ànpÄMVËdmV² M. {ZJ‘mÝV‘hmXo{eH¡$a{n VÎd‘wŠVmH$bmno-

""dmÀ`Ëd§ doÚVm § M ñd`‘² A{^XY{V ~«ô‘UmoAZwldmÝVm dmH²${MÎmmJmoMaËdlw{Va{n n[apÀN>Î`^mdà wŠVm.

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Zmo MoV² nydm©namopŠVñddMZH$bh… gd©doXmÝV~mY:. VpËg{Õ…hoVw{^… MoV² àgO{V {dh{V… Y{‘©gmÜ`m{XeãX¡:.''

(V.‘w.H$.3&3).

B{V íbmoHo$Z Añ`m: g{deofnaËdñ ¡d ñWm{nVËdmV². Ý`m`{gÕmÄOZo@{nAdoÚËd{ZamH$aUoZ doÚËdàXe©ZoZ M ""`Vmo dmMmo...'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&4) B{VdmŠ`ñ` {Z{d©eofnaVm`m… AZoH$Ym IpÊS>VËdmV². VÌ {Z{X©îQ>o nÚo `Wm-

""AdmÀ § dmÀ`‘² B{V dm dñVw{Z à{Vnm{XVo, dmÀ`‘od^doX² dñVw, dmÀ`mdmÀ`dMmo@Ýd`mV².''

"""AZw y{V: AdoÚm' B{V dMZ§ ~moYH§$ Zdm? AmÚo VoZ¡ddoÚËd§ Zmo MoV² qH$ Šd {dYr`Vo.''

(Ý`m.{g.3&46,57) B{V.

MÊS>‘méV{Z{X©îQ>m{Z nÚmÝ`{n AÌ Cn wŠVm{Z B{VH¥$Ëdm CXm{õ`ÝVo-

""~«ô‘{U AeãXdmÀ`o ñ`mX² "dMgm§ dmÀ`‘² CÎm‘‘²'BË`m{X‘mZ{dÛofmo, dmÀ`Vmon{hVñ` MoV², ñdê$nñ`m{n dmÀ`Ëd§VXÝV^m©dVmo doV². CnYmZoZ eyÝ`ñ` AdmÀ`Ëdo ì`mh{V… doV².dmÀ`Ëd§ ~«ô‘Umo dmÀ`o AZwnYmZoZ bjUm.g‘mZgÎddmÀ`Ëdm^mdo Vm ¡ë`§ KQ>m{XZm. {Z{‘Îmm on{hVoeãXñdê$n§ MoX² Z JmoMa:, "`Vmo dmMmo {ZdV©ÝVo' lw{VñVwJwUJmoMam. ñdê$nJmoMaËdo@{n H$W§ epŠV… {Zdm`©Vo. Aàmß`B{V {ZfoYoV w H$W§ ‘¥î`oV bjUm‘². {ZX}í`d¥{Îm‘mÌñ`{ZfoYì`mh{V… VV:. eŠVo… {ZfoY… MoV² V{h© bjUm dm{Z{fÜ`Vm§, bjUm`m… {ZfoYo {h dmÀ`ËdlwË`ZwJ«h… VmËn`©‘²An[aÀN>oXo, lwVo: àH$aUmV² VV:. ‘Zgm g‘‘² AmåZmZmX² {Zd¥{Îm…Xwd©Mm {Ja:. B©î`Vo{h ‘Zmod¥{Îm: na¡a{n namË‘{Z.''

(e.Xy.M.‘m.45) B{V.

A`‘² AWm} : ~«ô‘U: eãXdmÀ`Ëdm^mdo ""dMgm§ dmÀ`‘² CÎm‘‘²''BË`m{X {damoY:. Cn{hVñ` dmÀ`Ëdo Z {damoY… B{V MoV²? qH$ V{h© AdmÀ`‘²?AZwn{hV‘² B{V MoV²? {H$‘² VX² AZwn{hV‘²? qH$ ñdê$n‘od CV Cnm{YeyÝ`§ñdê$n‘²? qH$dm CnYmZm^md:? AmÚo Cn{hVñ` dmÀ`Ëdo ñdê$nñ`m{n VËàdoeoZdmÀ`Ëd‘² A{Zdm ©‘od. {ÛVr o@{n {H$‘² Cn{hVñdê$n‘od CnYmZeyÝ § {dd{jV‘²?qH$ dm VVmo AÝ`X²? AmÚo ì`mKmV:. `{XM Cn{hVñ` CnYmZñ`m{nAnma‘m{W©H$V`m nm‘m{W©H$monYmZeyÝ`ËdmX² Z ì`mKmV:, Ed‘{n VmÑe§ ~«ô‘dmÀ`‘odo{V H$W‘² AdmÀ`Vm? {ÛVr`‘² A{gÕ‘² AZ§JrH¥$V§ M. EVoZ V¥Vr`‘{n{ZañV§; ~«ô‘Umo dmÀ`Ëdm{damoYmV² M. {XM Cn{hVmÝV^m©doZ ñdê$nñ` dmÀ`Ëdo@{nKQ>m{XdX² Y{‘©g‘mZgÎmmH$dmÀ`Ëdm^md‘mÌoU AdmÀ`Ëd{gqÕ ‘Ý`go, V{h©AdmÀ`{‘d ~ «ô‘ Abú`‘{n ñ`mX ² bjUmd ¡`Ï` ª M. `{XM*àd¥{Îm{Z{‘Îmmon{hVàVrVo: eŠË`YrZËdo@{n ñdê$n‘mÌàVrVo: eŠË`YrZËdm^mdmV²ñdê$n‘ ² AdmÀ` §, àd ¥ {Î m {Z{‘Îmñ` {‘Ï`mËd oZ V{Ûf`H$àVrV o :A{dÚm{ZdV©H$Ëdm^mdmV² eãXOÝ`ñdê$n‘mÌ{df`H$mnamojd¥Îm o ñdê$nbjUm*B{V ~«yfo, V{h© KQ>mÚ{deof:. Z{h KQ>ËdmÚwn{hVm epŠV… VXZwn{hV§ ~moY`{V.ZM dmÀ`Ëdo ~«ô‘Umo ""`Vmo dmMmo {ZdV©ÝVo'' B{V lw{V{damoY: Vñ`m:JwUmn[aÀN>oXVmËn ©H$ËdmV². ñdê$nmZÝX{df`Ëdo@{n dmL²>‘mÌ{Zd¥{ÎmàVrË`m H$W§epŠV{Zd¥{Îm:? *ZZw "Aàmß` {ZdV©ÝVo' B{V epŠVê$ngå~ÝYm^mdmX²dmL²>{Zd¥{Îm: àVr`Vo* B{V MoX² Z, d¥{Îm‘mÌñ` eãXmW©gå~ÝYV`m bjUm`mA{n{ZfoYàg§JmV². "`V…' B{V {Z{X©í` d¥{Îm‘mÌ{ZfoYo ì`mKmVmV² epŠV… {Z{fÜ`VoB{V MoX² Z, {dnarVñ` gwdMËdmV². VWm g{V {h ""dMgm§ dmÀ`‘² CÎm‘‘² ''BË`mÚZZwJ«h… M.

{H$ÄM Ed§ g§H$moMo àH$aUmZwgmamX² ‘mZwfmXrZm§ àmOmnË`n ©ÝVmZm{‘d AmZÝXmZm§~«ô‘mZÝXñ` n[aÀN>oXm^mdmV² eãXmo Z ‘mZwfmÚmZÝXm{Zd àmßZmo{V-àH$f}Ugå~Ü`Vo, Z VWm ~moYZg‘Wm}, AVmo {ZdV©Vo BË od lwË`W©… EîQ>ì`:. {H$ÄM‘Zmod¥{Îm{ZfoYmgå^doZ VpÝZfoYñ` CŠVmW©naËdo dmÀ o dmL²>{ZfoYñ`m{n VËnaËd‘od`wŠV‘² B{V. Z Vwar`:, B©Ñe{Z{d©eofnaËdñ` gJwUà{VnmXH$dmŠ`o@{n gÎdoZgJwUnaËd{ZJw©UnaËd`mo… {ddoH${db`àg§J… VXdñWEd. gd}fm‘{n dmŠ`mZm‘²

124 125

AÜ`mamonmndmXnaåna`m {Z{d©eofn`©dgm{`Ëdñ` AÛ¡{Vgå‘VËdmV². EVoZ{ÛVr`njmo@{n AnmñV:, H$pënVY‘©nwañH$maoU ~«ô‘à{VnmXH$Ëdñ` C^`Ìm{ng‘mZËdmV². Z AmÚ:, gX²{dÚm`m… Aja{dÚm`m… AÝV`m©{‘~«mô‘Uñ` MgH$bY‘©eyÝ`à{VnmXH$Ëd‘² B{V CŠVo: gd©Wm dŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdoZ ""AÌm{n{Z{d©eofnaËd‘²'' BË`ñ` dMZñ` A{Zd©MZr`V¡d n`©d{gVm. Vñ‘mV²""VÕ‘©ì`nXoemX²'' B{V gyÌm§e{damoYñVw AÛ¡{V^mî`o ñWo‘mZ‘² AmßVEd.{ddaUm{X‘VoZ d¥{Îmì`mß`Ëdê$ndmÀ`Ëdñ` ñdrH$maoU, ~«ô‘{U bjUmd¥Îmo:àgam§JrH$maoU dm, lrXo{eH$moŠVXyfUmZm§ n[ahmaà`mgñVw à~be¥§I{bVm§K«o…CËßbdZàmJëä`Vwë`Ed. VWm{h ewÕñ ¡d AdmÀ`Ëdg‘W©Z§ VmdX² AÛ¡{VZm‘²Amdí`H§$ {H$ÝVw d¥Ë`dpÀN>ÝZËdo Vñ` ewÕËd§ H$W‘² BË`oVÎmw ‘m`mdm{X{^aod{Zê$nUr`‘². {X AkmZñ` VËn[aUm‘ê$nmÝV:H$aUmXoa{n Cnm{YËd‘² A§Jr{H«$`VoV{h© AkmZn[aUm‘ñ` d¥Îmo: H$W§ Z Cnm{YËd‘² B{VVw {ddaUmÚZw m{`{^aod dmÀ`‘².Z{h ñdnjgmYZmZwHy$ë § à{Vdm{XZmo ^`mdh§ {H$ÝVw gd©‘mÝ`VH$m©ÚmZwHy$ë`‘odB{V ì`ŠV‘² EVV². m‘VrH$ma¡ñVw ""ZM AÝV:H$aUd¥Îmmd{n Añ` gmjmËH$maogdm}nm{Y{d{Z‘m}H$:, Vñ`¡d VXwnmYo: {dZí`dXñWñ` {dÚ‘mZËdmX²''(^m‘.1&2&18) BË`Z`m n§ŠË`m gwñnîQ>§ d¥Îmo… Cnm{YËdñdrH$mamV². {H$ÄMbú`Ëd‘{n g{deofñ`¡d {Z{d©eofo bú`Ëdñ`m{n A^mdmV². AVmo bjU`m{Z{d©eofñ` dmÀ`Ëd‘² B{V njmo@{n {ZañVEd.

(585-6g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.) y‘nXmW©… M `{X {Z{d©eof§ ~«ô‘ V{h© H$W§ ""... Y‘m}nnÎmoíM''

(~«.gy.1&3&9) B{V gY‘©ËdmonnmXZ‘²? `{X Y‘©dÎd§ H$pënV§ ‘Ý`Vo V{h©"VmËn ©J«mhH$monn{Îm'nX‘² AÌ H$W‘² CnnÚVo? (C.)""Y‘m}nnÎmo…...'' B{VVwgË`Ëdm‘¥VËdm{X~«ô‘ñdê$nY‘m©{^àm`‘od. ñdê$nñ`m{n bjUËd‘² A§JrHw$d©Vm‘²AÛ¡{VZm§ ‘Vo "Y‘©'eãXmo@{n ñdê$no ^mŠVmo dV©VB{V ñdê$nmË‘H$Y‘©dÎd‘² AÌ~moÜ`‘mZ§ Z {Z{d©eofdmX{damo{Y, ì`mdVH©$‘mÌY‘©naËdmX² "Y‘©'eãXñ`. gMY‘m} AgË`Ëdm^mdm{Xê$n~«ô‘ñdê$nËdmX² ‘w»`VmËn`©{df`Edo{V Z"Cnn{Îm'nXm`moJ….

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²)

`X{n "" y‘m{YH$aUo y‘nXmW©íM {Z{d©eof§ ~«ô‘, V{h© H$W§ Y‘m}nnÎmo… M''B{V gY‘©ËdmonnmXZ‘²? VX² `{X Y‘©dÎd§ H$pënV‘² B{V ‘Ý`Vo, V{h© H$W§"VmËn ©J«mhH$monn{Îm'nX‘² AÌ CnnÚVo? B{V àíZÛ o """Y‘m}nnÎmo:' B{V VwgË`Ëdm‘¥VËdm{X~«ô‘ñdê$nm{^àm`‘od... Edo{V Z "Cnn{Îm'nXm`moJ…''B{V CÎm[aV§ VX{n A{dMm[aVa‘Ur`‘od,lrZmam`UgañdVrH¥$Vdm{Îm ©H$ñWoZ ""qbJÝVw Y‘m}nnÎm o… BË`ZoZdú`‘mU‘²'' (~«.gy.em§.^m.dm.1&3&8) B{V dmŠ oZ CŠVY‘m©Um§ Y‘©ê$nVm`mEdpñWarH$aUmV². CÎma‘r‘m§gm`mÝVw {deofUnX~moÜ`ñ` AgmYmaUY‘©ñ`¡dqbJËdmä`wnJ‘mV². empñÌMaU¡a{n AmH$mem{YH$aUmbmoMZo àíZmoÎmagmhña²`m§nydm}ŠVñ ¡d "qbJ'nX{Zd©MZñ` ñdrH$mamV². ñdê$nñ ¡d ì`mdV©H$ËdñdrH$maoVwg{deofH$ËdàgpŠV: Xwdm©a¡d.

{H$ÄM ñdê$nñ ¡d ì`mdV©H$gm‘Ï }Vw H$mo dm {deofbm^mo {deofUñdrH$maoUàË`wV Jm¡ad‘od. AÌ {dMmañVw lr^mî`o ""ZM Vo dñVw‘mÌ‘² B{V eŠ`mCnnmXZm, dñVw‘mÌmä`wnJ‘o gË`{n {dYm^oX{ddmXXe©ZmV².ñdm{^‘V{dYm^oX¡: ñd‘VmonnmXZmX²'' (~«.gy.am.^m. & & ) BË`Ì VwgwMméê$noU H¥$VB{V Z {deofVmo {dñVa: {H«$`Vo. AÌË`m lwVàH$m{eH$m{nAdbmoH$Z`mo½ ¡d. VÌË`mo Amdí`H$^mJñVw CXm{õ`Vo-

""VWm{h j{UH$Ëddm{XZ§ à{V dñVw{ZË`Ëd§ gmY`Vm Ëd`mñdê$n‘mÌm{VaoHo$U {H$pÄMV² gm{YV‘² ApñV Z dm? ApñV MoV²gY‘©Ëd§, Zmo MoV² {gÕgmYZVm, ñdê$n‘mÌñ` A{^‘VËdmV²g§{dX² {ZË`m B{V.''

( ). à{VkmdmŠ`JVm¡ "Y‘©'-"Y{‘©'eãXm¡ n`m© m¡ Z dm? AmÚo VËgmYZm`mgmo

{Zî’$b…. {ÛVr`o ñdê$nm{V[aŠVY‘mªJrH$ma… B{V ^md…. "Y‘©'eãXñ`ñdê$nm{^àm oVw EH$dMZoZ¡d Y‘©OmV‘² CnXoï>ì`‘², EH$dMZñ ¡d AÛ¡V~moYH$ËdmV².EVoZ Ajam{YH$aUmÝVJ©V-""...àemgZmX²'' B{V gyÌñWmM Aå~amÝVY¥{V…na‘oídañ`¡d H$‘}{V Vofm§ n§pŠVa{n Ambmo{MVàm`¡d. Z{h Aå~amÝVY¥Vo…àemgZmË‘H$H$‘©Um o@{n ñdê$nmË‘H$Ëd§ gå^d{V. àemgZmXrZm‘{nñdê$nmË‘H$ËdñdrH$maoVw nyd©gyÌoU¡d Mm[aVmÏ`m©V² ""...àemgZmX²'' B{V

126 127

CËVagyÌàU`Zd¡`Ï`©‘od. VWm{h Aå~amÝVY¥Vo: àemgZñ`m{n A{^-ÝZñdê$nËdoVw nyd©hoVwZ¡d gmÜ`{g{Õgå^doZ "àemgZmX²' B{V CËVahoVmo:nwZépŠVXmofê$nËd‘od. Z{h ""Yy‘mX²'-"Yy‘mX²' B{V dmaÛ § hoVmo: à`moJ: Hw$Ìm{ngmÜ`gmYH$dmŠ o ÑîQ>:. AV… àemgZm{XH$‘©U: ñdê$nmË‘H$ËdH$WZÝVw gd©WmAeŠ`‘od. VWm gmYmaUo@{n OJXmYmaqbJo "àemgZmX²' B{V {deofqbJoZ~«ô‘naËd‘² CÝZrV‘², B{V emar[aH$Ý`m`g§J«hn§ŠË`m C^`moa{n

hoËdmo: gm‘mÝ`{deofê$nËdñWmnZoZ {Z:gm‘mÝ`{deofê$nñdê$nmË‘H$Vm`m:gwì`ŠV‘² AnmH¥$VËdmV². AÛ¡Ë`{^‘V~«ô‘ñdê$no gm‘mÝ`{deofm{XH$WZñ`Agå^dXwpŠVH$Ëd‘² BË`oVÎmw A{^`wŠV¡: ~hþYm ànpÄV‘². {deof{Okmgm`m§Ý`m`{gÕmÄOZñWoídan[aÀN> oX: eVX yfUrJV{Vam oYmZmZ wnnpËVdmXm o{ZdV©H$mZwnnpËVdmXmo@{n AdbmoH$Zr`:. `{XVw AmJ«{hbV`m ^y‘m{YH$aUoAjam{YH$aUo M gJwUñ`¡d à{VnmXZ‘² B{V A§Jr{H«$`Vo, V{h© Z {Z{d©eofo{deofñdrH$maê$nmo Xmof… Am`m{V B{V MoX² Z, V¥Vr`nmXñ`Vw ko ~«ô‘{Zê$nH$V`mApñ‘Z ² nmX o gJ wU{Zê$nUñ` AàH ¥ $VËdmV ² . VËn[aJ «h oV wàH¥$VhmZmàH¥$V{Zê$nH$Ëdm{XXmofàg§JmV².

dmMñn{V{‘lmA{n ""Bh ko`ËdoZ ~«ô‘ Cn{jß`Vo''(~«.gy.em§.^m.^m‘.1&3&1) B{V dMZoZ {ZY©‘©H$ñ`¡d àH¥$VËd§ ‘Ý`ÝVo. ZM*Ý`m`{ZU©`o ""gåà{V {Z{d©eofàMwamUm§ Vofm§ VËnaVm§ dŠVw§ nXmÝVa‘²Ama^ÝVo'' (~«.gy.em§.^m.Ý`m.{Z.1&3&1) B{V n§ŠË`m "àMwa'eãXgÎdoZgJwUñ`m{n J«hU§ Z Xmofmdh‘²* dmÀ`§, àH¥$Vm{YH$aUÛ`oVw Z "àMwa'nXoZm{n{Zdm©h: B{V Vw H$Wm`m§ dŠVw§ nma`m‘:. VWm{h Ajam{YH$aUñ`Vw {Z{d©eofnaËd‘²AH$m‘oZm{n AÛ¡{VZm CaarH$m ©‘od, AÛ¡{V‘Vo "Aja'nXñ` AjanaVm`m "" oVw Aja‘² A{ZX}í`‘²'' (^J.JrVm.12&3) BË`m{XñWbo ÑîQ>ËdmX² A{dÚmnañ`Vw""AjamX{n M CËV‘:''(^J.JrVm.15&18) ""Ûm¡ B‘m¡ nwéfm¡ bmoHo$''(^J.JrVm.15&16) BË`m{Xfw à{gÕËdmX² A{dÚmnaËd§ {Z{d©eofnaËd§ Z dŠVw§eŠ`Vo. ZVw e~bnaËd§ VXW©H$V`m "Aja'eãXñ` AÛ¡{VZm§ ‘Vo gd©WmAà{gÕËdmV².

(776g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)à{VkmÑï>mÝVmZwnamoY… àYmZH$maUVm`m‘{n H$W§ {déÕ… H$m ©H$maU`mo…

A^oXñ` VÝ‘Vo@{n ñdrH$mamV²? (C.)Z{h H$m`©H$maU`mo… A^oX‘mÌoUà{VkmÝVmonamoY… {H$ÝVw H$maUñdê$nì`{V[aŠVH$m`m© mdoZ¡do{V àYmZì`{V[aŠV-nXmWm©^mdmZ§JrH$mamX² Z VÝ‘Vo à{VkmonamoY… gå^d{V.

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²) `Îmw àH¥$Ë`{YH$aUmbmoMZo fQ²>gßVË`wËVagßVeVV‘o àíZmoÎmao ""Z{h

H$ m` ©H $ maU`m o : A^ oX‘mÌ oU...H$ m`m ©^md oZ ¡d'' B{V dMZ § VX{nZdË wËVa{ÛeVV‘àíZg‘mbmoMZoZ¡d Ambmo{MVàm`{‘{V Z nwZ… {Zamg: {H«$`Vo.

(777g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)`Ú{n ""A{dÚ¡d H$maU§, ~«ô‘Vw Z H$maU‘od'' B{V {gÕmÝVñ`m{n

{gÕmÝVboeg§J«ho Xe©ZmV² {H${‘{V ~«ô‘Umo@{n CnmXmZËd§ g‘Ï ©Vo? (C.)""A{dÚ¡dH$maU§ ~«ô‘Vw Z H$maU‘od'' B{V ‘Vñ` A`‘od Ame`mo : V² emImMÝБgÝ`m oZVQ >ñWbjU{dY` ¡d H$ maUËdñ` ~ «ô‘bjUVm`m‘ ² B © ída{Zð > {‘dA{dÚm‘mÌ{Zð>‘{n bjU§ {Zdm}Tw>§ eŠ`VB{V B©ídañ`m{n ì`Wª H$maUËdH$ënZ‘²B{V. AÌM A{dÚm{Zð>§ H$maUËd‘od VX{Yð>mZo ~«ô‘Ê`{n ewÕo H$ën{`Ëdm"~«ô‘monmXmZËd'ì`nXoe… BË od ‘Ý`Vo. VWmM H$maUËd§ ~«ô‘{df‘gÎmmH§$ ~«ô‘UmoAÌ ‘Vo bjU‘². {ddaUm{X‘VoVw B ©ídaH$maUËdñdrH$mamX² H$maUËd§H$maUoídag‘gÎmmH$‘od ñdr{H«$`Vo B{V {deof…. àH¥${VËdm{XH$ÝVw ñdr{H«$`VEdo{VZ Xmof….

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²) ""A{dÚ¡d H$maU§ ~«ô‘Vw Z H$maU‘od'' B{V ‘Vñ` A`‘od Ame`…''

BË`m{X `X² CËVa§ VX{n CnbãÜ`{VaoH${d^«‘‘od Am{dîH$am o{V. qH$déUm{XgÑemnamojkmÝ wŠV~«ô‘kmnH$‘w»`Y‘©ñ` H$ÝXwH$àm`Ëd§ dVm Aä wnJV§oZ ""B©ída{ZîR>{‘d A{dÚm{ZîR>‘{n bjU§ {Zdm}Tw>§ eŠ`Vo'' B{V; ""A{dÚm{ZîR>§

H$maUËd‘od VX{YîR>mZo ~«ô‘Ê`{n ewÕo H$ën{`Ëdm ~«ô‘monmXmZËdì`nXoe BË od

128 129

‘Ý`V'' B{V M n§pŠVÛ oZ H$Xm{MV² H$maUËdñ` A{dÚm`m§ H$Xm{MX² ~«ô‘Ê`{nH$ënZo ñdmÀN>ÝÚ§ àXí`©Vo. *ZZw Z d`§ H$ën`m‘: lw{Vaod H$ënZo gmhmæ`‘²Amdh{V* B{V MoX² EVËH$WZñ` nañnaml`XmofJ«ñVËdmV². Y‘©{ZfoYH$dMZmZm§gd©Wm {Z{d©eofnaËdo {gÕo gJwUà{VnmXH$dmŠ`mZm§ H$pënVY‘©à{VnmXH$Ëd{g{Õ:,JwUm{^Ym`H$dMZmZm§ H$pënVJwUà{VnmXH$Ëdo {gÕo {deof{ZfoYH$dmŠ`mZm§{ZJ©wUnaËd{g{Õ: B{V.

VWm{h ""`Vmo dm B‘m{Z yVm{Z Om`ÝVo'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1), ""H$Vm©a‘²B©e§ nwéf§ ~«ô‘`mo{Z‘²'' (‘wÊS>H$mon.3&1&3), ""g {dídH¥$X² {díd{dX²AmË‘`mo{Z:'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&16), ""AÝV: à{dîQ>§ H$Vm©a‘² EV‘²''({MË wn.11&3), ""Ah§ gd©ñ` OJV: à^d: àb`… VWm'' (^J.JrVm.10&8)BË`m{XdoXmÝVofw ~«ô‘mgmYmaUY‘©V`m lwVñ` OJËH$maUËdñ` ì`{^M[aVËdàXe©ZoZgmYynH¥$V§ doXmÝVXe©Zñ`

{H$ÄM Añ` àíZmoËVañ` AÛ¡V‘Vo àYmZñWmZr`àH¥$Voa{n H$maUËdñdrH$mamV²VËH$maUËdoZ¡d ~«ô‘Umo@{n H$maUËdì`dhma‘mÌ‘² B{V {gÕmÝVñ`m{nH$m¡‘wXrH$mam{Xg‘ËdmV² M B{V àíZmoÎmag‘mbmoMZoZ¡d Ambmo{MVËd‘² B{V{deof{dñVmaoU Z nwZ… {Zamg: {H«$`Vo.

(779g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.){ddVm}nmXmZVmnaËdÝVw {ddVm}nmXmZñ ¡d Aà{gÕËdmX², AÌ¡d A{YH$aUo

""...n[aUm‘mX²'' (~«.gy.1&4&26) B{V "n[aUm‘'nXñ`¡d à`moJmV² M ZCnnÚVo. (C.){ddVm}nmXmZËdÝVw ""ewpŠVH$m aOVdX² Ad^mgVo''(~«.gy.em§.^m.1&1&1) B{V mî o ewŠË`mXm¡ à{gÕ{‘{V {Zê${nV‘². Aà{gÕmd{nbmoHo$ lw{Vàm‘mÊ`ajUmWª ""lwVoñVw eãX‘ybËdmX²'' (~«.gy.2&1&27) B{V Ý`m oZàgmY{`Vw§ eŠ`Vo. àH¥$Ë`{YH$aUo AÌ "n[aUm‘'nXÝVw {ddV©na‘² B{VemaraH$‘r‘m§gm^mî`dm{V©H$mXm¡ ì`ŠV‘odo{V Z AZwnn{Îmboemo@{n.

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²)

`Îmw àH¥$Ë`{YH$aUo ""{ddVm}nmXmZVmnaËdÝVw... à`moJmV² M Z CnnÚVo''B{V n ©Zw moÁ` ""{ddVm}nmXmZËdÝVw "ewpŠVH$m aOVdXd^mgV' B{V... Ý`m oZàgmY{`Vw§ eŠ`Vo'' B{V g‘m{hV§ VX² Z {dMmanXdr‘² A{YamoTw>‘² Ah©{V, ""lwVoñVweãX‘ybËdmX²'' B{V Ý`m`ñ` AÛ¡{V‘Vo gd©Wm AZdH$memV². ì`ŠVV`m{ddVm}nmXmZVm~moYH$lm¡VdMZñ` AZwnbä`‘mZËdoZ H$W§ dm {ddVm}nmXmZVm~moYZoAñ` Ý`m`ñ` àga: ñ`mV²? ""g¡fm A{dÚm OJV² gd©‘²'' (Z¥qg.C.Vm.Cn.9)BË`m{XdMZmZm‘² AÝ`Wm `moOZñ` Z¥qghmoËVaVmnZr`Q>rH$m`m§ g¥pîQ>^oXdmXo MlrnwéfmoËV‘MaU¡: àX{e©VËdoZ VmÑedMZ¡a{n ^dÝ‘Zmo{^b{fV{gÕç^mdmV².""gXod, gmoå`, BX‘² AJ«o AmgrX² EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1)BË`m{XdmŠ`mZm‘{n ànÄMgË`ËdmZwHy$ë`ñ` A{^`wŠV¡: ~hþYm ànpÄMVËdoZ{ddVm}nmXmZËd~moYH$lw{Vboeñ`m{n AZwnbãYËdmV². àm`: gd©Ì `oZbmoH${gÕÑí`Ëdm{XVH$m}nOrdZ§ H¥$Ëdm ""`{XX§ {H$ÄM VV² "gË`‘²' B{VAmMjVo VXoVV² gË`‘²'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&6) BË`m{X lw{VdmŠ`mZm§ ‘w»`mWm©V²àÀ`mdZ§ {H«$`Vo H$mo dm A{YH$ma: Vñ` EVÝÝ`m`monOrdZñ`m{n? ^dÝ‘VoVwàm`mo ~m¡ÕmopÀN>îQ>`wŠVoaod àm~ë`Xe©ZoZ, ""lwVoñVw...'' B{V Ý`m`ñWmZo"~m¡ÕmopÀN>îQ>VH©$‘ybËdmX²' B{V Ý`m`ñ ¡d àgamo ^{dVw‘² Ah©{V.

{H$ÄM ""lwVoñVw...'' B{V gyÌ^mî`àH$meo lrnwéfmoËV‘MaU¡: Añ` Ý`m`ñ`gd©Wm AÛ¡{V‘V{damo{YËd‘² Cnnm{XV‘odo{V Z Bh àVÝ`Vo. {H$ÄM Apñ‘Z²A{YH$aUo `V² "n[aUm‘'nX§ à`wŠV§ VoZ {ddV©n[aUm‘ñ`¡d J«hU‘² BË`Ì{d{ZJ‘Zm{dahEd, "n[aUm‘'nXñdmañ`‘{n ‘¥X²KQ>m{Xn[aUm‘ñWbEd.{ddV©n[aUm‘ñ` AÛ¡{VJ¥hEd à{gÕËdmV². A{nM ""....n[aUm‘mX²'' BË`ñ`{ddV©n[aUm‘mX² B{V AWm©ä wnJ‘oVw "AmË‘H¥$Vo:' B{V A§eñ` d¡ Ï`m©V². Z{h{ddV©dmXo AmË‘H¥$Vo: H$íMZ Cn`moJ:. g§jonemaraH${ddaU‘VoVw A{YîR>mZñ`{Z{d©eofËdoZ VÌ H¥${Vboeñ`m{n dŠVw‘² AeŠ`ËdmV². AVmo {dd©VdmXmä wnJ‘oVw""Cnm{Yê$nXmofH¥$Vo: n[aUm‘mX²'' Ed‘od gyÌaMZm wÁ oV. Ed§{h AZwnÝ`ñ`""AmË‘H¥$Vo: n[aUm‘mX²'' B{V gyÌmonÝ`mgEd {ddV©nj§ g‘yb‘² CpÀN>Z{Îm.{ddV©nXmÜ`mhmaàg§JmV² M A`§ njmo XwîQ>:. n[aUm‘dmXo Z EVofm§ XmofmUm‘²AdH$me:. {Z{d©eofU"n[aUm‘'nXñ` VmpÎdH$n[aUm‘~moYH$Ëd‘od ~hþb‘²Cnbä`Vo. em§H$aJ«ÝWoîd{n "n[aUmå wnmXmZ§'-"{ddVm}nmXmZ‘²' B{V à`moJÛ`‘²

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C^`monmXmZ~moYH$‘² Cnbä`Vo. VÌ "VmpÎdH$m'{X{deofU§ {dZ¡d "n[aUm‘'nXñ`VmpÎdH$n[aUm‘~moYH$Vm àVr`VB{V Añ‘XwŠV‘od gmYr`:.

(916g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)""AWmVm o ~«ô‘{Okmgm'' (~ «.g y.1&1&1) B{V àH « $å`

"gd©Y‘m}nnÎ`mong§hma:' H$W§ Z {Z{d©eof~«ô‘dmX{damoYr? (C.)àH«$mÝV§ ko § ~«ô‘¡dOJËH$maUËdm{XVQ >ñWbjU{dY`m bú`V o B{V A§JrH$ ma mX ²{Z{d©eofËdg{deofËdm{Xgd©Y‘m}nnpËV: AÕ¡‘VEd. gJwU~«ô‘dmXoVw "gd©'nX§{dVW‘². AWdm OrdY‘m©Um§ ‘w»`àmUmH$mem{XY‘m©Um§ {Z{d©eofËdg{deofËd-gÎdmgÎdmË‘Ëd-gearaËdmearaËdm{X{déÕY‘m©Um§ M Cnn{Îm… AÛ¡VdmXEdgå^d{V, H$m`m©Ë‘Zm ñdmË‘Zm Am¡nm{YH$ê$noU AZm¡nm{YH$ê$noU dm gd©Y‘m}nnÎmo….‘VmÝVaofwVw {Z{d©eofdmŠ`mZm‘{n g{deofnaV`m moOZoZ gd©Y‘m}nn{Îm… ~moÜ`VB{VVÌ¡d gd©Y‘m}nnÎ`mong§hmamo {damoYr ^d{V.

(VËn`m©bmoMZ‘²) `X{n gd©Y‘m}nnËË`{YH$aUnarjm`m‘² """AWmVmo ~«ô‘{Okmgm'

(~ «.g y .1&1&1) B{V àH « $å` gd ©Y‘m }nnËË`m ong §hma: H$W § Z{Z{d©eof~«ô‘dmX{damoYr?'' B{V àíZñ` CËVao ""àH«$mÝV§ ko`§ ~ô‘¡dOJËH$maUËdm{XVQ >ñWbjU{dY`m bú`V o B{V A§JrH$ ma mX ²{Z{d©eofËdg{deofËdm{Xgd©Y‘m}nnpËV: AÛ¡V‘VEd'' B{V `X² CŠV§ VÌm{nì`mhVmW©dm{XV¡d ì`ŠVV`m Ñí`Vo. VWm{h {Z{d©eofËd‘{n `{X Y‘©H$mo{Q>{Z{dîQ>§V{h© ~«ô‘Umo {Z{d©eofËd§ ZîQ>àm`‘od. ñdê$nH$mo{Q>{Z{dîQ>ËdñdrH$maoVw "Y‘m}nnËVo:'BË`Ì "Y‘©'nXoZ {Z{d©eofËdê$nY‘©~moYZñ` AeŠ`ËdoZ {Z{d©eofËdg{deofËdê$n-gd©Y‘m}nnpËV: AÛ¡V‘VEd B{V H$WZñ` ñdVmo ½ZËd‘od. {H$ÄM {Z{d©eofËd‘{n`{X Y‘©{deof: V{h©Vw ""~«ô‘Umo {Z{d©eofËd‘² B{V Y‘m} ApñV dm Z dm?{ÛYm{n g{deofËd‘² AVÚmoJVX`moJO‘².'' (Ý`m.{g.3&43) B{VÝ`m`{gÕmÄOZmopŠVaod O`lrem{bZr ñ`mV².

{X CÀ oV : ñdê$nñ`m{n bjUËd‘² A§JrHw$d©Vm‘² AÛ¡{VZm§ ‘Vo "Y‘©'eãX:ñdê$no@{n ^mŠV: àdV©Vo, ì`mdV©H$‘mÌnaËdmX² "Y‘©'eãXñ`o{V H$W§dmÝ`m`{gÕmÄOZmoŠVXyfUñ` AÛ¡V‘Vo àga:? EVmÑeY‘©ñdrH$maoU AÛ¡V‘Vo

gd©Y‘m}nnpËV: B{V H$WZ‘{n {Zì ©brH$‘od {VîR>{V B{V V{h© ì`mdV©H$Ëd§ qH$ñdê$no@{n ^dVm A§JrH¥$V§ `oZ ì`mdV©H$ËdJwU`moJmä`wnJ‘:? VWmg{V H$`m{dY`m {ZJ©wUËd{Zdm©h: B{VVw ‘m`mdm{X{^aod {Zê$nUr`‘².

{H$ÄM Y‘©a{hVHo$dbñdê$n‘mÌoU BVaì`md¥{Îm: Hw$Ìm{n Aà{gÕm, H$W‘²AÛ¡{V‘VEd ^d{V B{V AmíM`m ©dh‘² EVV². AÌ {deof{dñVañVwy‘m{YH$aUmbmoMZo H¥$VB{V {deofkmZoÀN>m`m§ gmo@{n ^mJ: AdbmoH$Zr`:. `X{n

""gJwU~«ô‘dmXoVw "gd©'nX§ {dVW‘²'' B{V H$WZ§ VX{n ~mb{d^r{fH$m‘mÌ‘od,"gd©'nXoZ {Z{d©eofËdg{deofËdê$nY‘m©Um‘od J«hU‘² B{V EVmÑed¡{XH$dMZñ`dm amOmkm`m… dm A^mdmV². "gd©Y‘©'nXoZ àH¥${VËdm-@{^ÝZ{Z{‘ËVmonmXmZËd-gd©H$m‘Ëd-gd©kËdm-@{MÝË`mX² yVmZÝVe-pŠV‘Îdm{X-Y‘m©Um‘od J«hU‘² B{V`wŠV‘² CËní`m‘:. Vofm‘od CnnpËV: Apñ‘Z² gyÌo à{VnmÚm B{V H$WZ‘odCnnÚVB{V AZ wnnpËVb oeñ`m{n A^mdmV ² .{Z{d©eofËdg{deofËdê$nY‘m}nnpËVnjñVw gd©Wm AZwnnpËVJ«ñVEd B{VVwAYñVmXod gynnm{XV‘². {X Cn{hVEd gd©Y‘m}nnpËV: AZoZ gyÌoU n ©dñWmß`Vo,V{h©Vw KQ²>Q>Hw$Q>rà^mVÝ`m oZ àH¥${VH$maUËdm§JrH$maEd {^ÝZ‘wIoZ {gY² oV². EdÄMàH¥$Vmdod gd©Y‘m}npËV: AZoZ gyÌoU àX{e©Vm ^doX² Z ~«ô‘{U.

Îmw Añ ¡d àíZmoÎmañ` ""AWdm OrdY‘m©Um‘²'' BË`maä` ""Am¡nm{YH$ê$noUAZm ¡nm{YH$ê$n oU gd©Y‘m }nnËV o:'' BË`ÝV § {ÛVr` § g‘mYmZ § VX{nñd‘Zr{fH$m‘mÌg‘wËào{jV‘od, Am¡nm{YH$ê$noU Y‘m}nnpËVñVw AZwnnpËVàm ¡do{V,Am¡nm{YH$Y‘m©Um‘² CnmYmdod n ©dgmZñ` àmH²$ àX{e©VËdoZ ~«ô‘{U gd©Y‘m}nnËVo:Agå^dmopŠVH$ËdmV².

{H$ÄM ""OrdY‘m©Um§ ‘w»`àmUY‘m©Um§ gÎdmgÎdmË‘Ëdm{X{déÕYmZm‘²CnnpËV: AÛ¡VdmXEd'' B{V CpŠVñVw ñd^mî`{déÕ¡d, ""gd©Y‘m}nnËVo: M''(~«.gy.2&1&37) B{V gyÌo H$maUY‘m©Um‘od CnnpËV{Zê$nU‘² B{VVwEVËgyÌ^mî`ñW`m ""`ñ‘mX² Apñ‘Z² ~«ô‘{U H$maUo n[aJ¥ô`‘mUo àX{e©VoZàH$maoU gd} H$maUY‘m© CnnÚÝVo, gd©k§, gd©epŠV, ‘hm‘m § M ~«ô‘''(~«.gy.em§.^m.2&1&37) B{V n§ŠË`m gwñnîQ>§ Ñî`Vo. "gd©k§', "gd©epŠV' B{V{deofUÛ`oZ ""gd©Y‘m©Um‘² CnnpËV: CŠVm'' (em§.^m.dm.Bh¡d) BË`Z`m

132 133

dm{V©H$moŠË`m{n gd©kËdgd©epŠV‘Ëdê$nH$maUËdm¡n{`H$Y‘©Ûmam Y‘m}nnpËVàXe©ZoZCnbjU{dY`m H$maUY‘m©Um‘² CnnËVoaod EVËgyÌà{VnmÚËdñ` {gÕmpÝVVËdmV².

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""AñVw dm AZwnnpËVaod H$m ©H$maU`mo: ‘m`mË‘H$ËdmV².AZwnnpËV: {h ‘m`m‘² CnmoX²~b`{V, AZwnnÚ‘mZmW©ËdmX²‘m`m`m:. na‘mW©ñVw Z {d «‘mo Zm‘ H$píMV². Z g§gmamo Zm‘ A{nVwgd©‘² EVV² gdm©ZwnnpËV^mOZËdoZ A{Zd©MZr`‘² B{V `wŠV‘²CËní`m‘:. A{Zdm©À`mV² M A{Zdm©À`moËnËVm¡ Z AZwnnpËV:,"`mÑemo `j… VmÑemo ~{b:' B{V gd©‘² AdXmV‘².''

(~«.gy.em§.^m.^m‘.2&4&22).CXmöV¡: EV¡: dMZ¡: ‘m{`H$nXmW} AZwnnËVoaod ^yfUËdmV² gyÌJV-

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B{V lr‘X²JmoHw$bZmWmMm`m©Ë‘OoZ AZwH$ånmñdê$nlrHw$gw‘à^mJ ©gå^doZ^JdXr`XmgXmgoZ Jmoñdm{‘Xr{jVoZ {da{MV§

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à y mñËd§ VoZ ñd{nVw[ad emñÌmW©Hw$eb…&&1&&g‘mídñVmo@ß`od§ J{XVw‘{YH§$ Zmh‘eH$‘²

VWmß wŠV… H$píMV² ñd‘{V~b~moYmoËW{df`…&&VV… gÝVwîQ>m` à{WV{ZOdmËgë`Jwado

g‘ß`m©h§ dÝXo VXw{XVg‘mbmoMZ{‘X‘²&&2&&~«÷ àH¥${Va{dH¥$Vm@@{dîH$amo{V Zm‘ê$nH$‘m©{U&&{ZpIbm{Z ñdmË‘H$m{Z OS>Ordoe^oX{^ÝZm{Z&&3&&{gÕmÝVmo@`§ gm¡Ì… eãXñdma{gH$mW©bãYíM&&ñd‘{VH$pënVmo ô`Ý`mo ì`mgm{^àm`{df`mo Zmo&&4&&

(776g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmZwnamoY… àYmZH$maUVm`m‘{n H$W§ {déÕ… H$m ©H$maU`mo…

A^oXñ` VÝ‘Vo@{n ñdrH$mamV²? (C.)Z{h H$m`©H$maU`mo… A^oX‘mÌoUà{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmonamoY… {H$ÝVw H$maUñdê$nì`{V[aŠVH$m`m©^mdoZ¡d, B{V,àYmZì`{V[aŠVH$m`m©^mdmZ§JrH$mamX² Z VÝ‘Vo à{VkmonamoY… gå^d{V.

134 135

H$maUñdê$nì`{V[aŠVH$m`m© mdEd lw{VVmËn`mªJrH$mao Z H$mpÄMX{n emãXtb¢{JH$s¨ dm {d{ZJ‘Zm§ ní`m‘….

*ZZw {dH$ma‘mÌñ` dmMmaå^UVm{Zê$nUoZ H$maUñ` Vw """‘¥{ÎmH$m' BË odgË`‘²'' (N > mÝXm o .Cn.6&1&4) B{V gË`Ëd oZ {Zê$nUmV ²H$maUñdê$nì`{V[aŠVH$m`m© mdEd ÚmoË`Vo* B{V MoX² Z, lwVo… VmËn`m©ZdYmaUmX²,A wŠVmW©H$ënZmX², AlwVnXmÜ`mhmamV² lwVnXmnmohZmV² M.

Z{h Apñ‘Z² dMZo ‘¥{ÎmH$m`m… gË`Ëd§ à{V{nnmX{`{fV‘². {H$ÝV{h©?"‘¥{ÎmH$m'B{V Zm‘Yo ñ ¡d gË`Ëdà{VnmXZo lwVo… VmËn ©‘² Cnb^m‘ho. ‘¥Xmo OmVñ`‘¥Ê‘`mË‘H$ËdmX² EH$ñ`m… ‘¥{ÎmH$m`m… kmZoZ VÁOmVmZm§ gd}fm‘{n ‘¥Ê‘`mË‘H$ËdmX²‘¥X oXmX² "‘¥{ÎmH$m'BË od Zm‘Yo § Vofm§ gË § Z nwZ… "{dH$ma…'B{V. EVmdXod IbwlwVo… {dd{jV‘². AÝ`Îmw lwV-"B{V'-nXmnmohZmX² AlwV-"dñVw'-nXmÜ`mhmamV²M hR>mV² H$pënV§ VmËn`©‘² B{V AdJå`Vo. `WmM em§H$a^mî`o CŠVdMZñ`ñdH$pënVVmËn`m©amonU‘² Cnbä`Vo ""dmJmbå~Z‘m̧ Zm‘¡d Ho$db§ Z {dH$mamoZm‘ dñVw ApñV na‘mW©V…. ‘¥{ÎmH$m BË odVw ‘¥{ÎmH¡$d gË § dñVw ApñV''(N>mÝXmo.em§.^m.6&1&4) B{V. g§Ñí`Vo Bh "B{V'nXmnmohZ§ {dZm "dñVw'nXmÜ`mhma§M {dZm Ho$dbmÛ¡Vdm{XZm§ Z ñdm{^b{fVmW©{g{Õ…. {H$ÄM Ho$dbmÛ¡Vg‘ o `WmZ {dH$maZm‘m dñVw na‘mW©Vmo ApñV, VW¡d Z{h ‘¥{ÎmH$m dm VËgy{MV§ H$maU§ dm{H$‘{n na‘mW©Vmo ApñV, ewÕoM ~«÷{U H$maUËdY‘m©Zä`wnJ‘mV². e~bñ`Vw~«÷U… H$maUËdmä wnJ‘o@{n nma‘m{W©H$ËdmZ§JrH$mamV² M {jVo{n bewZo Z emÝVmoì`m{Y….

`{XM ‘¥{ÎmH$m`m… gË`Ëd§ lwË`{^b{fV‘² Bh ñ`mV², ñ`mV² M VXm dMZ§""‘¥{ÎmH¡$d gË`m'' B{V. àH¥$VeãXñdê$nÚmoVZnamo {h "B{V'eãXmo Z OmVw{ZaW©H$Edo{V Z `wŠV§ lwVñ` Vñ` {dñ‘aU§ dmŠ`mW©YQ>Zm`m‘². Vñ‘mV²H$m ©H$maU oX»`mnHo$Z H$m ©H$maU`mo… {^ÝZZm‘{ZamgoZ V`mo… VmXmËå`Ed, `ÌZmË`ÝVmo oXmo Zm{n A oXmo dm, BË`Ì¡d lwVo… VmËn ©‘² AdJÀN>m‘…. AWm©nÎ`m"‘¥X²{dH$ma…' B{V A{^YmZ‘{n ‘¥{ÎmH$m`m… Zm‘mÝVam{^Ym`H$ËdoZ A§Jr{H«$`VoMoV² VÌ ~mYH$m^mdoZ Vñ`m{n gË`Ëd‘² AÝ`Wm dmMmaå^UV¡d B{V ’${bV‘².

Vñ‘mV² emãX{d{ZJ‘Zm`m… A^md…. b¢{JŠ`{n gm Z gå^dVr{V àmßVmdgao{VVX²{d‘em©` à`Vm‘ho.

VWm{h ""B©jVo… Z AeãX§...Jm¡U… MoX² Z "AmË‘'eãXmX²''(~«.gy.1&1&4-5) BË`m{XgyÌ¡… àYmZm{XH$maUVmdmX{ZagZmX² ~«÷Ê od gdm©gm§l wVrZm § VmËn` ª ZmZ w‘m {ZH o $ àYmZmXm ¡ B{V. àYmZm{Xdm{X{^íMVÎmËH$maUñdê$nì`{V[aŠVH$m`©gËdmä`wnJ‘mX² AÛ¡Vlw{V~mYmX² ""EH$‘odA{ÛVr`‘²'' (N > m ÝXm o .Cn.6&2&1) B{V l w {V~m o {YVmX ² ~ «÷U…ñdê$nì`{V[aŠV{ZpIbÛ¡VànÄMñ` A^mdmo AZ`m ""‘¥{ÎmH$m BË od gË`‘²''B{V lwË`m ~moÜ`Vo.

~moÜ`VEd VXm AZ`¡d lwË`m ‘m`m-‘m{`Ho$ída-e~b~«÷m{Xê$nmUm§H$pënVmZm§ nXmWm©Zm‘{n ì`md¥{Îm… AZoZ¡d Ibw "Ed'H$ma oUm{n. Z{hàYmZm{XH$maUVmdm{Xfw H${nbm{Xfw ^JdVmo ~mXam`Uñ` ‘hmZ² {dÛof…, F$VoAlm¡Và{H$`mH$ënZ‘², oZ {Z~©ÝYoZ VX{^‘VËdmXod Ho$db§ àYmZmXo… H$maUËd§IÊS>Zr`Ëd§ ‘Ý`oV. ~«÷ì`{VaoH$ñVw C^`mo… àYmZm{dÚ`mo… g‘mZ….ewÕ~«÷{Okmgm`m§ àd¥Îmm`m‘od ""OÝ‘mÚñ`'' (~«.gy.1&1&2) B{V gyÌmonÝ`mgmV²ewÕñ ¡d ~«÷U… VëbjU§ Z e~bñ` ‘m`m{dÚ`mo… dm B{V Adgr`Vo.

*ZZw àYmZñ` nma‘m{W©H$Ëd§ gm§»`mZm‘² A{^‘V§ ~«÷mÛ¡V{dKmVH§$ lw{V{déÕ§M. Añ‘mH§$ Vw nwZ… ‘m`m`m… gXg{ÛbjU‘² A{Zd©MZr`Ëd‘od A{^àoV§, ZMVÀN´>moVoZ AÛ¡VoZ {déÕ{‘{V H$W§ V`mo… Vm¡ë`‘²?* B{V MoX²

‘m`m`m… Anma‘m{W©H$Ëdo {h ~«÷U… VX²ì`{VaoH$mo@{n Anma‘m{W©H$mo ^doX².ZM EVmdVm V`mo… oXEd ZmpñV B{V wŠV§ dŠVw‘². EHo$Z¡d nXmW}Z ànÄMñ`OÝ‘m{Xì`m»`mZgå^dmX² A oXmV² M VÌ AnanXmW©H$ënZm`m… AZm¡{MË`mV².~«÷UíM {‘Ï`mdñVwZmo oXm^mdo {‘Ï`mËdmn{Îm… M gd©ZmeH$ar ñ`mV².

ñ`mX² EVV² *gVEd oXñ` AÛ¡V~mYH$Ëd§ Z nwZ… A{ZdM©Zr`ñ`m{n Vñ`*

B{V. VXm gVEd dñVwZ… H$maUËd§ Z nwZ… A{Zd©MZr`ñ`m{n Vñ` B{V Vwë`‘².

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*ZZw ^d{V Ibw A{Zd©MZr`ñ`m{n A{Zd©MZr ¡d H$maUVm, nma‘m{W©H$sVw gm Zgå^d{V. {‘Ï`m yVñ`m{n ñdßZÑîQ>ñ` ñdU©ñ` ñdßZÑîQ>mZm‘od Hw$ÊS>bmXrZm§à{V H$maUVm {‘Ï`m^yV¡d* B{V MoV² VXoVX² A`wŠV§, `ñ‘mV² Vwë`Ý`m`mV²gXgX²{dbjUñ` A{Zd©MZr`ñ` nXmW©ñ` A{Zd©MZr`‘od ~«÷mÛ¡V~mYH$Ëd§^dVw VXm. ì`{^Ma{V M Šd{MX² {‘Ï`mdñVwZ… {‘Ï`mH$maUËd{Z`‘…ñdßZÑîQ>ñ`m{n {‘Ï`m^yVñ` H$m{‘ZrgwaVñ` nma‘m{W©H§$ aoVñIbZ§ à{Vnma‘m{W©H$‘od H$maUËd‘² B{V.

Vñ‘mX² A{Zd©MZr`ñ`m{n ‘m`m`m… H$maUËdñ` ~«÷mÛ¡V~mYH$Vm ^dË odB{V `wŠV‘² CËní`m‘…. ZM BîQ>mn{Îm… ""‘¥Ë`mo… g ‘¥Ë`w‘² AmßZmo{V ` BhZmZod ní`{V'' (H$R>mon.4&10) B{V lw{VVmËn ©{df`r yVñ` Û¡V{ZfoYñ` ~«÷{UÛ¡VmË`ÝVm^mdà{VnmXZnaËdmä wnJ‘mV². AW *Û¡VmË`ÝVm^mdñ` Z A{Zd©MZr oZ{‘Ï`mÛ ¡V oZ gh AdñWmZ § {déÕ‘ ² * B{V M oV ² , VXmàH¥$Ë`{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXZH$maUËdoZ gmH§$ ~«÷H$maUVm`mA{n Z {damoY… H$píMX²B{V g‘mZm o`m oJjo‘…. àH¥${VVmXmËå`gå~ÝYmdpÀN>ÝZà{V`m o{JVmH$-~«÷mZw`m o{JH$m^mdñ` ~«÷àH¥$Ë`mo… VmXmËå`ñ` M {‘Wmo A{damoYo@{n~mYm^mdàg§JmV².

ñ`mX² EVV² *nma‘m{W©H$`mo… ^mdm^md`mo… {h {damoY… nma‘m{W©H$mo ^d{V,{‘Ï`mdñVwà{V`mo{JH$ oXmoXmhaUoVw {déÕ`mo… EH$Vañ` {‘Ï`mËdoZ {damoYñ`m{n{‘Ï`mËd‘od, VVíM V`mo… gm‘mZm{YH$aÊ`‘{n {ZXw©îQ>‘² B{V Z H$m{n j{V…,`WmM CÀ`Vo ""ñdà{VnÝZmonmYm¡ Ì¡H$m{bH${ZfoYà{V`mo{JËd§ {‘Ï`mËd‘²''(AÛ¡.{g.àn§.{‘Ï`m.) B{V, gm§»`ñdrH¥$Vm`m… OJËH$maU^yVm`m… àH¥$VoñVwnma‘m{W©H$H$maËdoZ ‘hX² d¡få`‘²* B{V.

EVX² Bh dVm dŠVì § V² ewÕñ` ~«÷Umo ‘m`monm{Ya{hVñ` {ddVm}nmXmZËd§Ordm{dÚmH$pënVñ` B©ídañ` M n[aUmå`wnmXmZËd§ dm qH$ nma‘m{W©H$‘² CVAnma‘m{W©H$‘²?

VÚ{X àW‘… nj… VXm ewÕñ` gY‘©H$Ëdmn{Îm…, {ÛVr`o Vw ~«÷{UOrdm{dÚmH$ pënV oída o dm {ddVm }nmXmZËdn[aUmå` wnmXmZËd`m o …nma‘m{W©H$ËdmñdrH$mamX² Z V`mo… H$maUËdbjUenWoZ AÝ`ofm§ àYmZmXrZm§H$maUËddmaU§ eŠ`‘². Z{h gnm©ÚmË‘Zm {ddV©ÝVo aÁÁdmX`… B{V AÝ`Ì AÊS>mXm¡gnm©XrZm‘² AÊS>OmZm‘² AZwnmXmZVm ^d{V. {gÕ§ {h Vñ‘mX² Z {damoY…àYmZH$maUV`m gmH§$ lm¡Vñ` à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmZwnamoY~mo{YVñ` H$m`©H$maU`mo…A^oXñ`. ZM *l w {V‘ ybH § $ {h e wÕñ` {ddVm }nmXmZËd §, e~bñ`A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZH$maUËd§ do{V EVXw `moa{n ì`dhmaEd ñdr{H«$`Vo Z nwZ…na‘mW©V… VWm Aä wno Vo, ""Z Vñ` H$m ª H$aU§ M'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&8) B{V""EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) B{V M lwË`ZwamoYmXod Adí`‘²A§JrH$aUr`‘². gm§»`m{^‘Vm`m… àH¥$VoñVw V¡… nma‘m{W©H§$ H$maUËd§ ñdrH¥$V§ VÎmw~«ô‘U… lwVoZ H$m ©H$maUVma{hVoZ AÛ¡VoZ {déÕçVB{V ì`dhmao@{n AñdrH$m ©‘od*

B{V dmÀ §, ""Z Vñ` H$m ª... nam Añ` epŠV… {d{dY¡d ly Vo ñdm^m{dH$skmZ~b{H«$`m M... ñVw CU©Zm^Bd VÝVw{^… àYmZO¡… ñd^mdVmo Xod… ñd‘²Amd¥UmoV²... VËH$maU§ gm§»``moJm{YJå`§ kmËdm Xod§ ‘wÀ`Vo gd©nme¡…''(ídoVm.Cn.6&8-13) B{V Vñ` ~«ô‘U… H$m`©H$aU{Zfo{YH$m`m§ lwVmdodOJËH$V©¥Ëdm¡n{`H$ñ` ñdm^m{dH$ñ` kmZ~b{H«$`mdÎdñ` CU©Zm^Bd ñdmÝVJ©V¡…gm§»`‘Vm{^‘V¡… M àYmZOÝ ¡… gÎdaOmoV‘moJwUê$nVÝVw{^… H$m ©Ëd-H$V¥©Ëd-H$maUËdmZm § ñd^mdVEdM à{VnmXZm onbå^mV ² Vñ` M l wVmd{ngm §»``m oJJå`Ëdm onnmXmZmV ² M ì`dhma o@ {n~«ô‘ñd^mdmÝV^y©VàH¥${VÛmaH$OJËH$maUËdmä`wnJ‘ñ` doXmpÝV{^… {ZamH$Vw©‘²AeŠ`Ëd‘od. ZM EVdVm AÛ¡Vlw{V{damoY… e§Š`mo ñ‘mV² VX²dMZo@{n ""H$W‘²AgV… gX² Om oV? gÎdod... BX‘² AJ«o AmgrX² EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘². VX²E ojV ~hþ ñ`m § àOm`o`'' (N > mÝXm o .Cn.6&2&2-3) B{V~«ô‘¡H$Ëdm{ÛVr`Ëdà{Vnm{XH$m`m‘od lwVm¡ OZZmV² àmJ² Añ` OJVmo ~«ô‘mË‘Z¡d{ZOH$maUo gX² md…, VÝVyZm‘² CU©Zm^Bd, Vñ‘mX² OJVmo OZZmX{n àmJ² ~«ô‘{UgX² mdmo `Xm Z ~«ô‘mÛ¡V{damoYr VXm H$maUñ ¡d H$m`m©Ë‘Zm Am{d^m©do H$WÝZwOJVmo dm ‘Ü o Ûma yVVXwnmXmZê$nm`m… àH¥$Vo… dm{n gX² mdo ~«ô‘mÛ¡Vo H$ñ`míMZjVo… gå^mdZm

138 139

Vñ‘mX ² `Ú{n àH ¥ $V o … {h ‘ ybH$maUËd § ~ «÷{^ÝZËd § dmgm §»`g‘`gÝX{e ©VgaÊ`m e wÕmÛ ¡VdmX o Z ñdr{H « $`V o , VWm{nH$mbH$‘©ñd^mdàH¥${VnwéfmË‘H$V`m Aja~«÷U… nÄM{dYËd{dYmZmX²{MXmZÝXm§e{VamoYmZoZ M OS>g¥ï>o… {h gm gyú‘m Aì`ŠVm gXmpË‘H$m AdñWm~«÷{U "àH¥${V'nXdmÀ`m ^d{V. Vñ`míM CnmXmZH$maUËd§ ~«÷UEd gX§eon`©dgVr{V ~«÷àH¥$Ë`moa{n VmXmËå`m§JrH$maoU gdª g‘ÄOg‘od ñ`mX², ZAì`mßË`{Vì`mßË`m{XXmofgå^mdZmJÝYmo@{n ""OÝ‘mÚñ` V…'' (~«.gy.1&1&2)B{V lw{VgyÌ~mo{YVo ~«÷U… OJËH$maUËdm{XbjUo.

(777g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)A{dÚ¡d H$maU§ ~«÷Vw Z H$maU‘od B{V {gÕmÝVñ`m{n {gÕmÝVboeg§J«ho

Xe©ZmV². {H${‘{V ~«÷Umo@{n CnmXmZËd§ g‘Ï ©Vo? (C.)A{dÚ¡d H$maU§ ~«÷VwZ H$maU‘od B{V ‘Vñ` A`‘od Ame`m o `V ² emImMÝБgÝ`m` oZVQ >ñWbjUm{dY` ¡d H$maUËdñ` ~ «÷bjUVm`m‘ ² B ©ída{ZîR > {‘dA{dÚm‘mÌ{ZîR>‘{n bjU§ {Zdm}Tw>§ eŠ`Vo B{V B©ídañ`m{n ì`Wª H$maUËdH$ënZ‘²B{V. AÌM A{dÚm{ZîR>§ H$maUËd‘od VX{YîR>mZo ~«÷Ê`{n ewÕo H$ën{`Ëdm~«÷monmXmZËdì`nXoe… BË od ‘Ý`Vo. VWmM H$maUËd§ ~«÷{df‘gÎmmH§$ ~«÷UmoAÌ ‘Vo bjU‘². {ddaUm{X‘VoVw B©ídaH$maUËdñdrH$mamV² H$maUËd§H$maUoídag‘gÎmmH$‘od ñdr{H«$`Vo B{V {deof…. àH¥${VËdm{XH$ÝVw ñdr{H«$`VEdB{V Vw gd©gå‘V‘od B{V Z Xmof….

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) AÌ ~«y‘mo : `{Õ emImMÝБgÝ`m oZ VQ>ñWbjU{dY`m {bbj{`{fV§,

VÌ bú`bjU`mo… Aì`mßË`{Vì`mpßVa{hV… gå~ÝYmo Z gå^d{V. `m{h emImAÚ VmQ>ñÏ`oZ MÝБg… bjUVm§ ^OVo g¡d ídmo AéÝYË`m… A{n bjU§^{dVw‘² Ah©{V. ZM A{Vì`mpßVXmofe§H$mboemo@{n VÌ AàgŠVËdmXod. Vñ‘mX²""OÝ‘mÚñ` `V…'' B{V M gyÌoU `{X A{Vì`mßË`m{XXmofa{hV§ bjU§ Zà{V{nnmX{`{fV§, VXm àYmZm{XH$maUVm`m‘{n Z ~mY…. AW VmÑe§ bjU§à{V{nnmX{`{fV§ MoV² VXm ‘m`mH$maUVm`m‘{n ~mY… àgÁ`VEd.

nañnaì`mhVàñWmZ oXoZ `pñ‘Z² àñWmZo A{dÚ¡d OJV… H$maU§, Z Ibw~«÷, Vpñ‘Z² àñWmZo emImMÝБgÝ`m`oZ VQ>ñWbjU{dY`m H$maUËdñ`~«÷bjUVm{n H$WpÄMX² {Zdm}Tw>§ eŠ`m BË oVmdVm Z A{Vì`mpßVXmofn[ahmamo@{neŠ`mo {Zdm}Tw>‘², A{dÚmH$maUVmdm{XZm§ ‘Vo. ZM A{Vì`mßVm¡ ^oX… H$píMV²àYmZm{dÚ`mo….

AW `X² EVX² CŠV‘² ""A{dÚm{ZîR>§ H$maUËd‘od VX{YîR>mZo ~«÷Ê`{newÕo H$ën{`Ëdm ~«÷monmXmZH$Ëdì`nXoemo ^{dVw‘² Ah©{V. VWmM~«÷{df‘gÎmmH§$ H$maUËd§ ~«÷Umo, A{dÚm`mñVw H$maUËd§ g‘gÎmmH$‘odB{V bjU{ZdoemX² Z Xmof…. {ddaUm{X‘VoVw B©ídaH$maUËdñdrH$mamV²H$maUoídag‘gÎmmH$‘od H$maUËd§ {dd{jV‘²'' B{V. VÌ A{dÚm`m…{Okmñ`Ëdmn{Îm… EH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZà{Vkm~mY… M AÌ XyfU‘². {H$ÄMBX‘² AÌ AdYo`§ `V² àñWmZ^oXoZ VÎmXZw`m{`{^… ñdñdàñWmZmZwamoYoZñdñd‘VmonnmXZo `Ú{n Z H$íMZ Xmof…, VWm{n nañnaì`mhVmZm§ àñWmZmZm‘²EHo$Z Ho$Z{MV² g‘W©Zo Vofm§ {dH$ën… g‘wÀM`mo dm ‘w‘wjwUm§ VËd{Okmgm`m§ñdrH$V©ì`… ñ`mV²? Z VmdX² AmÚ… `ñ‘mV² lre§H$amMm`£a od dñVw{Z{dH$ënH$ënZm`m… {ZÝXZmV².

VWm{h : ""A{n M gå`J² kmZmX² ‘moj… B{V gd}fm§ ‘mojdm{XZm‘²

Aä wnJ‘…. VÀM gå`J² kmZ‘² EH$ê$n§ dñVwVÝÌËdmV². EH$ê$noU{h AdpñWVmo `mo AW©… g na‘mW©…. bmoHo$ V{Ûf`§ kmZ§gå`ÁkmZ‘² B{V CÀ`Vo Wm ""Ap½Z… CîU…'' B{V. VÌ Ed§ g{Vgå`ÁkmZo nwéfmUm§ {dà{Vn{Îm… AZwnnÝZm….''

(~«.gy.em§.^m.2&1&11). ""A{nM ~mô`mW©{dkmZeyÝ`dmXÌ`‘² BVaoVa{déÕ‘²

Cn{XeVm gwJVoZ ñnîQ>rH¥$V‘² AmË‘Zmo Ag§~Õàbm{nËd§ àÛofmodm àOmgw {d‘wô o w… B‘m… àOm… B{V.''

(~«.gy.em.^m.2&2&32).

140 141

""ZVw dñVw "Ed§'-"Z¡d‘²' "ApñV'-"ZmpñV' B{V dm{dH$ëß`Vo. {dH$ënZmñVw nwéf~wÕçnojm. Z dñVw mWmËå`kmZ§nwéf~wÕçnoj‘². {H$ÝV{h©? dñVwVÝÌ‘od. Z{h ñWmUm¡ EH$pñ‘Z²""ñWmUw… dm nwéfmo dm'' B{V VËdkmZ§ d{V. VÌ ""nwéfmo AÝ`modm'' B{V {‘Ï`mkmZ§, ""ñWmUwa od...'' B{V VËdkmZ§dñVwVÝÌËdmV². Ed§ yVdñVw{df`mUm§ àm‘mÊ § dñVwVÝÌ‘².''

(~«.gy.em§.^m.1&1&2).

`{XVw ""A{YJV{^Xm nydm©Mm`©dMmopŠVgwYm g[a{Xd ‘hr^oXmZ²gåàmß` em¡[anXmoÒVm, O`{V ^JdËnmXlr‘Ý‘wImå~wO{ZJ©Vm OZZhaUrgypŠV… ~«÷mÛ ¡H$nam`Um... àmMrZ¡… ì`dhma{gÕ{df ofw AmËå ¡H${gÕm¡nam § g§Zô`X²{^… AZmXamV² gaU`mo ZmZm{dYm… X{e©Vm…...''({gÕm.bo.g§.‘§J.) BË od‘m{X{^… hoVw{^… nañnaì`mhVmZm‘{n àñWmZmZm§ g‘wÀM`moZ Xmofm` B{V {ÛVr`…. VXmVw ~m¡Õ¡a{n ""A{YJV{^Xm VWmJVdMmopŠVgwYmg[a{Xd ‘hr^oXmZ ² gåàmß` {h‘{J`w ©X ²JVm O`{V^JdX²~wÕlr‘Ý‘wImå~wO{ZJ©Vm OZZhaUr gypŠV…{Zdm©UV¡H$nam`Um...àmMrZ¡… ì`dhma{gÕ{df`o {Zdm©U/eyÝ`Ëd{gÕm¡nam§ gZô`X²{^… AZmXamV² gaU`mo… ZmZm{dYm… X{e©Vm…'' BË`od‘²BVaoVa{déÕàñWmZmZm§ {damoYmone‘gånmXZñ` H$Vwª eŠ`ËdmXod g‘mZmo moJjo‘….

(778g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)~«÷UEd CnmXmZËd‘² B{V {gÕmÝVoVw ""M‘gdX² A{deofmX²''

(~«.gy.1&4&2) BË`Ì ‘m`m`mA{n H$maUËd§ ì`dñWm{nV‘² AZwnnÝZ§ ñ`mV².(C.)~«÷UEd CnmXmZËd§ Z ‘m`m`m… B{V ^m‘Vr‘Vo Vw ""‘m`mÝVw àH¥$qV{dÚmX²'' (ídoVm.Cn.4&10) BË`m{XdmŠ`o ""`ñ‘mX² ‘m`r àH¥${V… Vñ‘mX²‘m`m{n àH¥${V… B{V ì`n{Xí`Vo Ho$db‘² BË`od {ddú`Vo. AÌM ‘Vo"M‘gdX² A{deofmX²' (~«.gy.1&4&2) B{V gy̧ Jm¡U§, àH¥${VËd‘od àYmZñ`‘m`mñWmZmnÝZñ` ‘w»`‘² B{V gm§»`m{^‘VàH¥${V… Z "AOm‘²' (‘hmZm.Cn.9&2)B{V dmŠ`o H$W‘{n {dd{jVw§ eŠ`Vo B{V gyMZmW©‘od'' B{V VÝ‘Vo

‘m`mH$maUËdñ` ì`dñWmnZo@{n Z H$m o{n {damoY…. AÌM ‘Vo ~«÷{U{ddVm}nmXmZËd‘mÌoU¡d {Zdm©hmo AÌm{n A{YH$aUo B{V ‘ÝVì`‘².

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) ""O{ZH$Vw©… àH¥${V…'' (nm.gy.1&4&30) B{V gyÌ‘² AZwg¥Ë` mî`H$maoUm{n

~«÷UEd CnmXmZËd§ g‘{W©V‘². VWm{h """`V…' B{V B § nÄM‘r "`Vmo dm B‘m{Z yVm{Z Om`ÝVo'

(V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1) BË`Ì "O{ZH$Vw©… àH¥${V…' B{V {deofñ‘aUmV²àH¥${VbjUEd CnmXmZo ÐîQ>ì`m. {Z{‘ÎmËdÝVwA{YîR>mZmÝVam^mdmX² A{YJÝVì`‘². `Wm{h bm oH o $‘¥ËgwdUm©{XH$‘² CnmXmZH$maU§ Hw$bmbgwdU©H$mamXrZ² A{YîR>mV¥Z²Anoú` àdV©Vo, Z¡d§ ~«÷U… gVmo AÝ`mo A{YîR>mVm Anoú`mo ApñV.àmJwËnÎm o… "EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘²' B{V AdYmaUmV².A{YîR>mÌÝVam^mdmo@{n à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmZwnamoYmXod C{XVmodo{XVì`…. A{YîR>mV[a {h CnmXmZmX² AÝ`pñ‘Z² Aä wnJå`‘mZon wZa{n EH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZñ` Agå^dmV²à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmonamoYEd ñ`mV². Vñ‘mX² A{YîR>ÌÝVam^mdmX²AmË‘Z… H$V¥©Ëd‘² CnmXmZmÝVam^mdmV² M àH¥${VËd‘².''

(~«.gy.em§.^m.1&4&23). ""`{Õ ñ‘mV² à^d{V pñ‘Z² M àbr`Vo VV² Vñ` CnmXmZ§

à{gÕ‘². `Wm d«r{h`dmXrZm§ n¥{Wdr. "gmjmX²' B{V MCnmXmZmÝVamZwnmXmZ§ Xe©`{V.''

(~«.gy.em§.^m.1&4&25). """VX² AmË‘mZ§ ñd`‘² AHw$éV' (V¡{Îm.Cn.2&7) B{V

AmË‘Z… H$‘©Ëd§ H$V¥©Ëd§ M Xe© {V... AmË‘mZ‘² B{V H$‘©Ëd§ ñd`‘²AHw$éV B{V H$V¥©Ëd‘². H$W§ nwZ… nyd©{gÕñ` gV… H$V¥©ËdoZì`dpñWVñ` {H«$`‘mUËd§ eŠ § gånmX{`Vw‘²? n[aUm‘mX² B{V~«y‘…. nyd©{gÕmo@{n {h gZ² AmË‘m {deofoU {dH$mamË‘Zm

142 143

n[aU‘`m‘mg AmË‘mZ‘² B{V. {dH$mamË‘ZmM n[aUm‘mo‘¥XmÚmgw àH¥${Vfw CnbãY….''

(~«.gy.em§.^m.1&4&26).

BË od‘m{Xfw AZoHo$fw dMZofw ñnîQ>§{h ~«÷U… n[aUmå wnmXmZËd§ {Zê${nV‘²ApñV. VXoVV² ñdmê$T>emImg‘wÀN>oXZnamÊ`{n ^mî`H$mamUm§ dMZm{Z EVm{Z Znma‘m{W©H$Ëdm{^àm oU A{nVw ì`mdhm[aH$Ëdm{^àm oU¡d MoV² VXm Z ~ôdW©dpÝVñ`w… B{V AÝ`X² EVX². ~«÷Umo {h OJXwnmXmZVm`¡ Z A{YîR>mÌÝVamnojm ZdmCnmXmZmÝVamnojm B{VVw dMZ~bmXod Am`mV‘². ñdrH¥$VoVw ~«÷U… CnmXmZËdo‘m{`Zmo B©ídañ` ‘m`m`m… dm{n CnmXmZËdH$ënZm àmJwËnÎmo… ànÄMñ` ~«÷U…EH$Ëdm{ÛVr`Ëd~m{YH¡$d ñ`mV². {ddVm}nmXmZH$maU^mdm`m{n {X ewÕñ` ~«÷U…‘m`m`m… ‘m{`Ho$ídañ` dm Anojm VXm{n A{YîR>mÌÝVamnojmVw hR>mX² Am`m{V.EH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZñ` à{Vkm`mA{n CnamoYmo ^doXod.

ñ`mX² EVX² *‘m{`Z… B©ídañ` ewÕ~«÷mZ{VaoH$mX² Z Vñ` AnojmA{YîR>mÌÝVamnojo{V Z Xmof…* B{V, VXm ‘m`m`mA{n àH¥$Voa{n ewÕ~«÷mZ{VaoH$mV²Vñ`mA{n CnmXmZËdo ‘m yX² Xmof… H$íMZ…. ZM BîQ>mn{Îm…, ‘m`m~«÷Umo… EoŠ`mnÎmo….CnmXmZmÝVa-{Z{‘ÎmmÝVa{ZfoYnyd©H§$ ~«÷Ê`od A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZËdgmYZolw{VgyÌ`mo… ^a…. VÌ ‘m`m`m… CnmXmZËdo Vñ`mA{n {Okmñ`ËdmnÎmo…. Vñ`mEdEH$ñ`m… kmZoZ gd©{dkmZmonnÎmo…. ~«÷{Okmgm AOmJbñVZàm ¡d ñ`mV².

`Îmw CŠV§ ""`ñ‘mX² ‘m`r àH¥${V…. Vñ‘mX² ‘m`m{n "àH¥${V…' B{Vì`n{Xí`Vo Ho$db‘² BË`od {ddú`Vo'' B{V. VÌ ‘m`m`mA{n A{^‘Vo@{nàH¥${VËdo Hw$V… Ho$db§ ì`n{Xí`VEd Hw$Vmo Z VWm ñdr{H«$`Vo A{n? Vñ‘mX²`{X ì`n{Xí`Vo VXm ‘m`m`m§ àH¥${VËd§ dV©Vm‘². AW ‘m`m`m§ àH¥${VËd§ Zmo dV©VoMoV² VXm VX²ì`nXoemo ‘wYm Hw$V…? ~«÷‘m`mo^`mo… àH¥${VËdo@{n EH$ñ`{ddVm}nmXmZËd‘² Anañ`m… M n[aUmå`wnmXmZËd‘² B{V à{VnmXZo@{n ~«÷Umo{ddVm }nmXZVm `{X ñdVEd Z gå^d{V, F$V o ‘m`m § , VXmA{YîR>mÌÝVamnojmgX² mdmV² ñddMZì`mh{V…. ‘m``m {h Ae~{bVñ` ewÕñ`{ddVm}nmXmZVm{n Z gå^d{V B{V ñdrH¥$VËdmV².

ly{VgyÌmä`m§ ^mî`oUm{n g‘gÎmmH$‘¥X²KQ>moXmhaUmonmXmZmX² ~«÷OJVmo…g‘gÎmmH$H$maU{dH$ma^mdmo `wÁ`Vo Z nwZ… {df‘gÎmmH$mo A{YîR>mZmamon^md….`{XM """‘¥{ÎmH$m' BË od gË`‘²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&1&4) B{V dMZmV² VÌm{n{df‘gÎmmH$H$m`©H$maU^mdm§JrH$ma… VXm n[aUmå`wnmXmZ{ddVm©{YîR>mZ`mo…ñd^mdgm§H$`m©X² n[aUmå`wnmXmZmoXmhaUbmonmn{Îm…. VVíM ‘m`m`mA{nn[aUmå`wnmXmZËdmgå^doZ ‘m`mVËH$m`©OJVmoa{n {df‘gÎmmH$Ëdmn{Îm…H$maUÛ¡{dÜ`m^mdmX² C^`mo… ‘m`m~«÷Umo… M CnmXmZËdmä`wnJ‘oZ bjUoA{Vì`mpßVXmofmo@{n XwéÕa….

(779g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.){ddVm}nmXmZnaËd§ {ddVm}nmXmZñ ¡d Aà{gÕËdmX² AÌ¡d A{YH$aUo

""n[aUm‘mX²...'' B{V "n[aUm‘'nXñ`¡d à`m oJmV ² M Z CnnÚVo.(C.){ddVm }nmXmZËdÝV w ""ewpŠVH$m{h aOVdX² A^mgVo''(~«.gy.em§.^m.1&1&1) B{V mî o ewŠË`mXm¡ à{gÕ‘² B{V {Zê${nV‘². Aà{gÕmd{nbmoHo$ lw{Vàm‘mÊ`ajUmWª ""lwVoñVw eãX‘ybH$ËdmX²'' (~«.gy.2&1&27) B{VÝ`m oZ àgmY{`Vw§ eŠ`Vo. àH¥$Ë`{YH$aUo AÌ "n[aUm‘'nXÝVw {ddV©na‘² B{VemaraH$‘r‘m§gm^mî`dm{V©H$mXm¡ ì`ŠV‘odo{V Z AZwnn{Îmboemo@{n.

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) `{X ewpŠVH$m`m§ aOV «‘moXmhaU~boZ {ddVm}nmXmZVmà{g{Õ… ñ`mV² ñ`mÀM

VXm lwË`wŠV‘¥X²KQ>moXmhaUoZ Ibw Ag‘pÝdVmo {h ~«÷{ddVm}nmXmZVmdmX….l w {Vg yÌ`m o … CnmXmZn[aUm‘`m o … CXmhaUmX ² , EVñ`m § l wVm ¡{ddVm }nmXmZm oXmhaUmZ wnbå^m^mdmV ² M lw{Vf w gd©W ¡d Aà{gÕñ`{ddVm}nmXmZVmdmXñ` ""dmMmaå^U§ {dH$mamo...'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&1&4) B{Vlw{V‘ybH$ËdàgmYZo@{n ñnîQ>m ì`mh{V… à{VkmoXmhaU`mo…. ^mî`o@{nàH ¥ $ Ë ` {YH $ aU-^ m o Š Ì m n Î m o a { YH $ aU-Cng § h m a Xe © Z m { YH $ aU-H¥$ËñZàgŠË`{YH$aUoîd{n n[aUm‘dmXà{H«$`m-n[a^mfmg‘ml`UmV² M ì`mh{V….`WmM H$ÊR>V… CÀ`Vo ""gyÌH$mamo@{n na‘mWm©{^àm oU ""VXZÝ`Ëd‘²...''B{V Amh ì`dhmam{^àm oUVw ""ñ`mX² bmoH$dX²'' B{V ‘hmg‘wÐñWmZr`Vm§ ~«÷U…

144 145

H$W`{V. AàË`m»`m`¡d H$m`©ànÄM§ n[aUm‘à{H«$`m§ M Aml`{V''(~«.gy.em§.^m.2&1&14).

Vñ‘mX² ^mî`H$maoUm{n gyÌofw EVofw n[aUm‘à{H«$`¡d Am{lVm gyÌmjamUm§ñnîQ>ËdmV². VÌ mî o@{n hR>mX² {ddV©dmXmamonU§ ñd^mî`‘² A{VH«$m‘{V. {Zê${nVm{n{h Efm n[aUm‘à{H«$`m Z nma‘m{W©H$Ëdm{^àm oU {H$ÝVw CÎmaÌ CnmgZmgw Cn`moú`VoB{V AÜ`mam onmndmXÝ`m`oZ {Zê${nVm B{V ñd`§ ^mî`H$mam o@{n Amh""AàË`m»`m`¡d H$m`©ànÄM§ n[aUm‘à{H«$`m M Aml`{V gJwUofwCnmgZof w Cn`m oú`VB{V'' (~ « .g y .em § .^m.2&1&14). gm o@` § {hdXVm oì`mKmV{ZagZàH$mam o ^mî`H$mamUm §, V‘{n A{dJUæ` hR>mV ²n[aUm‘à{H«$`mIÊS>Z§ Vñ`m… M nwZ… {ddV©à{H«$`m`m§ `moOZ§ Z Ho$db…lw{VgyÌ{damoYm` A{nVw ñd^mî`{damoYm`m{n.

g{V M¡d§ {Okmñ`~«÷bjUmdgao H$maUËdmopŠV…, H$maUËdñ` MA{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZËdoZ {ddaU§, lm¡Và{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmZwnamoYñ` Amdí`H$ËdmopŠV…M {ddV©dmXñ` Alm¡VËd§ ñnîQ>§ J‘`{V. {Okmñ`monmñ` oXo ~«÷{Okmgm§ àH¥$Ë`Cnmñ`bjUXmZñ` Aàmg§{JH$ËdmnÎmo…. Vñ‘mX² A oXmo {Okmñ`monmñ``mo… {gÜ`{V.~«÷^oXH$ënZm`m§ nwZ… EH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZmgå^díM.

""lwVoñVw eãX‘ybËdmX²'' (~«.gy.2&1&27) B{V gyÌ^mî o@{n `Ì gyÌmWm}d{U©V… VÌVw n[aUmå wnmXmZËd‘od àgm{YV§ gyÌmWm©ZwgaUoZ. Cng§öVÄM ""Vñ‘mV²eãX‘ybEd AVrpÝÐ`mW©`mWmËå`m{YJ‘…'' (VÌ¡d ^mî`o) BË`m{XZm.`ÌVw gyÌme`m{VH«$‘UoZ ñdm{^àm`mo d{U©V… VÌVw ""lwVoñVw eãX‘ybËdmX²''(~«.gy.em§.^m.2&1&27) BË`ñ` gyÌñ` IÊS>Z‘od ^mî`H$maoU AmaãY§ ""ZZweãXoZm{n Z eŠ`Vo {déÕmW©… àË`m`{`Vw‘²'' BË`m{XZm. VÌ¡d {ddV©dmXg‘ml oUA{damoYgånmXZà`mgmo {d{hV…. gmo@ § gyÌmZmê$T>Ed ^mî`^mJ… n[aÑí`Vo. ZEVmdXod {H$ÝVw dñVw{Z {dH$ënH$ënZm`m… ñd{d{ZpÝXVm`m… Ibw ñd`‘odg‘ml`U§-na‘mWm©{^àm`oU {ddVm} ì`dhmam{^àm`oU n[aUm‘…-B{V ñd`‘odH$amo{V. dñVwVñVw {ddVm}nmXmZËd‘{n Z{h nma‘m{W©H$V`m A§Jr{H«$`Vo B{VVw‘hV² {MÌ‘²

""Z{h BX‘² A{VJå^ra§ ^md`mWmËå`‘² AmJ‘‘mÌoU CËào{jVw‘{n ZeŠ`‘²'' (~«.gy.em§.^m.2&1&11) B{V CŠËdm{n bm¡{H$H$moËàojm‘ybH§$AmJ‘{Zê$nUo {damoY§ H$ën{`Ëdm VËg‘mYmZmWª à`VVo ^mî`H$ma… gmo@`{‘{Vgd©‘² EVX² Agå~Õ{‘d à{V^m{V.

WmM àH¥$Ë`{YH$aUo AÌ "n[aUm‘'nX§ {ddV©na§ Z gå^d{V VWm Cnnm{XV‘²Añ‘m{^… nyd©Ì….

(780g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)""dmMmaå^U§ "{dH$mamo' Zm‘Yo`§ "‘¥{ÎmH$m' BË`od gË`‘²''

(N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&1&4) B{V ‘¥{ÎmH$mÑîQ>mÝV… H$W§ {ddVm}nmXmZVmnj§ g‘W© {V?(C.)""dmMmaå^U§ "{dH$mamo' Zm‘Yo`§ "‘¥{ÎmH$m' BË`od gË`‘²'' B{V"‘¥{ÎmH$m'nXÝVw {ddVm}nmXmZñ`m{n "àH¥${V'nXì`dhm ©Ëd‘² CŠVm{YH$aU{gÕ‘²A{^àoË`¡d. AVEd à{VkmZwnamoYmX² BË`od {Zdm©ho ÑîQ>mÝVmZwnamoYñ`m{n AÌCnmXmZ‘².

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) ewpŠVH$m`m§ {h aOV§ àVr`Vo B{V gd©OZ‘Z…àË``…, Z{h ewpŠVH$mVmo aOV§

Om oV B{V H$mo@{n àË o{V. gßV‘r «‘m{YîR>mZo {h à wÁ`Vo n[aUmå wnmXmZoVwàH¥${VbjUo AnmXmZo "`V…' B{V nÄM‘rà`moJEd gyÌ{gÕmo ^mî`H$maoUm{nAZw‘V…. Vñ‘mX² aOVñ` àH¥${V… ewpŠVH$m B{V Ho$dbmÛ¡{VZm§ ñdJmoîR>çm‘odà{gÕ‘². ZmoMoX² mî`H$maoUm{n ""AàË`m»`m ¡d H$m ©ànÄM§... n[aUm‘dmX…CÎmaÌ gJwUofw CnmgZofw Cn`moú`Vo'' (`Wmnydm}ŠV‘²) B{V Z CŠV§ ñ`mV².«‘m{YîR>mZo@{n "àH¥${V'nXà`moJgå^do VoZ¡d H¥$VH¥$Ë`V`m gd©‘² AÝ`X² {ddoMZ§

{Zîà`moOZ‘od doX². "n[aUm‘'nX‘{n {X {ddV©na§ ñ`mV² VXm kmZEd Cn`moJmX²CÎmamoÎmaÌ CnmgZmgw Cn`moJmo AZmdí`H$Ed ^doX².

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Vñ‘mX² `Wm ^mî § lw{VgyÌ{déÕ§ VWm Q>rH$mJ«ÝWmñVw nwZ… ñd^mî`Vmo@{n{déÕmB{V qH$ Ho$Z gå~ÕçVo? B{V Ab‘².

(781g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)(H$)nmX‘Ü o d¥ÎmmZwH$sV©Z§ {H$‘W©‘²? (I)Ho$db{Z{‘ÎmH$maUËdnjo ""`Vmo

dm...'' BË`m{X nÄM‘r H$W‘² CnnÚVo? (J){Z{‘ÎmH$maUËd‘mÌnyd©njmdgao""H$m ª MoX² OJV² gmd`d‘² AMoVZ‘² AewÕ§ M Ñí`Vo H$maUoZm{n Vñ`gÑeoZ ^{dVì`§... nm[aeoî`mX² ~«÷Umo AÝ`X² CnmXmZH$maU‘²AewÕçm{XJwUH§$ ñ‘¥{Và{gÕ‘² Aä wnJÝVì`‘²'' B{V àYmZH$maUdmXñ`m{nCng§hma… {H$‘W©…? (K)àYmZH$maUdmXñ`m{n {ZamgmW©‘² B{V Vw Z wŠV§ {gÕmÝVo@{nVËH$maUVm`mA{n ñdrH$mamV². (C.)(H$)J{Vgm‘mÝ`ñ` H$maUo ~«÷Ê od n ©dgmZ‘²B{V gyM{`Vw§ nmX‘Ü`o d¥ÎmmZwH$sV©Z‘². (I)""`Vmo dm...'' B{V nÄM‘rlw{VñVwhoVw‘mÌnam Z àH¥${VËd‘mÌnam VWmM A{^ÝZ{Z{‘ÎmmonmXmZËdo@{n Z hm{Z….(J){Z{‘ÎmËd§ MoX² CnmXmZËdg{hV§ ~«÷{U OJX²{dbjUo Z gå^{dVw‘² Ah©{V B{VAmjon{Zamgm` Vw nwZ… àYmZH$maUdmXe§H$m (K){gÕmÝVm{^‘Vm àYmZH$maUVmVw^m‘Ë`{^‘Vm, Ho$db{Z{‘ÎmH$maUVm {ddaUm{^‘Vm, àYmZH$maUVm VwA{^ÝZ{Z{‘Îmm on mXZVm{n. gmV w n[aUm‘dmX‘mÌmZ{^àm`ËdmV ²à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmZwnamoYmÀM Z gyÌH$magå‘Vo{V VpÝZamgB{V gdª gwñW‘².

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) (H$)""J{Vgm‘mÝ`mX²'' (~«.gy.1&1&9) B{V gyÌ^mî o gm§»`‘VmbmoMZmdgao

nydm}Îmanj{dY`m ‘m`mdm{X{^… `o Amjong‘mYmZo àX{e©Vo VoEd V¡aodOJËH$maU{ddoMZmdgao ñd‘Và{VnmXZo Z¡d ñ‘ }Vo. VWm{h-

""`{X Vm{H©$H$g‘`Bd doXmÝVoîd{n {^ÝZm H$maUmdJ{V…A^{dî`V² Šd{MV² MoVZ§ ~«÷ OJV… H$maU§, Šd{MX² AMoVZ§àYmZ§, Šd{MX² AÝ`Xod B{V, VV… àYmZH$maUdmXmZwamoYoZm{nB©jË`m{XldU‘² AH$ën{`î`V. ZVw EVXpñV g‘mZ¡d {h gd}fwdoXmÝVofw MoVZH$maUmdJ{V…... B{V M AmË‘Z… H$maUËd§

Xe©`pÝV gd} doXmÝVm…. "AmË‘'eãXíM MoVZdMZ… B{VAdmoMm‘. ‘hÀM àm‘mÊ`H$maU‘² EVX² `X² doXmÝVdmŠ`mZm§MoVZH$maUËdo g‘mZJ{VËd§ MjwamXrZm{‘d ê$nm{Xfw.''

(~«.gy.em§.^m.1&1&10).

Bh VmdX² JOñ` Md©UàXe©Zmä`m§ H¥$Vo XÝVÛ`{‘d ‘m{`Zm‘{n nyd©nj{ZagZ-ñdnjà{H«$`m{daMZmä`m§ H¥$Vo àH$maÛ`mdbå~Z§ Hw$V… ~m¡ÕmZm‘{n `Wm ""ÛogË o g‘wnm{lË` Y‘©XoeZm'' d{V, d{V M ‘m`mdm{XZm‘{n nanj{ZamH$aUoñdnjñWmnZo M Ûo gË o g‘wnm{lË` doXmÝVemñÌdMZ{ddoMZm

àYmZ§{h `Wm Vm{H©$H$g‘ o Z MoVZ§ VW¡d ‘m`m{n ‘m`mdm{XZm‘² AMoVZm^d{V. Z ^d{V M àYmZ‘² AMoVZËdmV² H$maU§ OJVmo, ‘m`mVw nwZ… AMoVZm{nOJËH$maUËdoZ A§Jr{H«$`Vo. eãXàm‘mÊ`enWoZ Jm¡Ê`m d¥Î`m B©jË`m{XMoVZJwU§nwéfg§ moJ{d{eîQ>o àYmZoVw {Zdm ©Vo, Z dm ©Vo M A{dÚm`m‘² AK{Q>VKQ>ZmnQ>r`ñ`m§``m H$`m{n d¥Ë`m MoVZmË‘JwU‘² B©jË`m{XH$‘². ~mÜ`Vo {h VÌ gm§»`g‘`oEH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZà{Vkm lm¡Vr, àH¥${Vnwéfê$nH$maUÛ`mä wnJ‘mX², Z ~mÜ`VoM nwZ… ~«÷m{dÚ`mo… C^`mo… H$maUËdmä`wnJ‘o@{n gm à{Vkm Bh. {^ÝZm {hH$maUmdJ{V… Vm{H©$H$g‘ o Vñ` àm‘mÊ § {^Z{Îm, ‘hÀM àm‘mÊ`H$maU‘² EVX²`V² Šd{MX² ~«÷¡d OJV… àH¥${V… Z ‘m`m, Šd{MÀM àñWmZo ‘m`¡d OJV…àH¥${V… Z ~«÷. Šd{MX² CnmXmZH$maU§ {h ~«÷ A{dÚmVw {Z{‘ÎmH$maUËdoZì`n{Xí`VEd Ho$dbm, Šd{MÎmw ~«÷ Z n[aUmå`wnmXmZ§ Zm{n {Z{‘Îm§ Ho$db§{ddVm}nmXmZ‘od. Šd{MV² nwZ… {ddVm}nmXmZ‘{n Z ^d{V, {ZJw©U-{ZY‘©H$-{ZamH$ma-{Z{d©eof-{ZaÄOZËdmX². Šd{MV² nwZ… ~«÷m{dÚmä`m‘² AÝ`EdA{dÚmH$pënV… B©ída… e~b~«÷ê$nmo OJV… H$maU§, VWm{n Vm{H©$H$g‘`ñVwH$maUmdJ{V oXmnamYmX² XwîQ>Ed ‘m`mdmXñVw {^ÝZ‘{n H$maUmdJ{V‘² Aä wnoË`Z X w î`V o {gÕm {h Vñ‘mX ² Û o gË` § g‘ wnm {lË` ‘m`mdm{XZm §doXmÝVemñÌdMZ{ddoMZm B{V.

Z {M̧ Vñ‘mV² VÌ ^dVm§ àíZmoÎmagmhòrH$mamUm‘{n ñdmoŠVñ`""J{Vgm‘mÝ`ñ` H$maUo ~«÷Ê`od n`©dgmZ‘² B{V gyM{`Vw§ nmX‘Ü`o

148 149

d¥ÎmmZ wH$sV ©Z‘²'' B{V dMZ‘Ü`nm{VZm o {h "Ed'H$ mañ`m{n~«÷oVagH$bì`mdV©H$ñ` {dñ‘aU§, VVíM ‘m`m`mA{n H$maUËdm{ZdmaU‘² B{V.

(I)`V² nwZ… BX‘² CÀ`Vo ""`Vmo dm...'' B{V nÄM‘rlw{VñVw hoVw‘mÌnamZ àH¥${VËd‘mÌnam'' B{V VX{n ñdmMm ©dMZd¡narË oZ¡d VWm{h ""`V… B{VB`§ nÄM‘r... O{ZH$Vw©… àH¥${V[a{V {deofñ‘aUmV² àH¥${VbjUEdAnmXmZo ÐîQ>ì`m'' (~«.gy.em§.^m.1&4&23). AÌ "Ed'H$mamo ì`mdË`m© mdmX²{ZaW©H$Ed ñ`mV².

(J)`ÀMm{n CŠV§ ""{Z{‘ÎmËd§ M BX‘² CnmXmZËdg{hV§ ~«÷{UOJX²{dbjUo Z gå^{dVw‘² Ah©{V B{V Amjon{Zamgm` Vw nwZ…àYmZH$maUdmXme§H$m'' B{V. V{XX‘² AÌ AdJÝVì § ^d{V `V² ""H$m ©ñ`ànÄMñ` gmd`dËd‘² AMoVZËd‘² AewÕËdm{XH§$ M gdª Vñ` gÑeoZ H$maUoZA{dÚmê$noU gm§»`m{^‘VàYmZñWmZmnÝZoZ ^{dVì`‘² BË`Ì hoVw…'' B{VAÛ¡{V{^a{n ñdr{H«$`Vo. VÚ{X na‘mW©V… OJX²{dbjU§ ~«÷ OJV… H$maU§ Z^d{V MoV² VXm àYmZ§ dm ^dVw ‘m`m dm ^dVw ""OÝ‘mÚñ`'' (~«.gy.1&1&2)BË`m{XH$ñ` ~«÷bjUËd§ IpÊS>V‘od IpÊS>Vm M à{Vkm-""EH${dkmZoZgd©{dkmZñ`''.

{H$ÄM `Wm{h ""{ZîH$b§ {ZpîH«$`‘²'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&19) BË`m{XdMZ¡…~«÷U… n[aUmå`wnmXmZËd‘² AÛ¡{V{^… {Z{fÜ`Vo, `WmM ""EH$‘od

A{ÛVr`‘²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) BË`m{X dMZ¡… ~«÷Umo OJËH$maUËdgX² mdm`àYmZH$maUdmXmo {Zam{H«$`Vo, VW¡d ""{ZadÚ§ {ZaÄOZ‘²'' (ídoVm.Cn.6&19)BË`m{XdMZ¡… A{ÛVr`~«ô‘Umo OJËH$maUËdg§ajUm` ‘m`mH$maUdmXmo@{n{ZfoÕì`Ed.

ZM *gm§»`‘Vo àYmZñ` nma‘m{W©H$ËdoZ ~«÷mÛ¡V{dKmVH$Ëd‘² A{dÚm`mñVw~«÷kmZ~m{YVËdoZ {‘Ï`mËd§, {‘Ï`mËd§ M gXgX²{dbjU‘² A{Zd©MZr`Ëd‘odo{VZ ~«÷mÛ¡V{dKmVH§$ àË wV {Z{d©eofo ~«÷{U Cnm{Y^mdoZ H$maUËdgånmXH$‘od*

B{V dmÀ §, H$maUËd‘od {X ~«÷{U nma‘m{W©H§$ Z d{V, VXm VQ>ñWbjU{dY`m~«÷U… H$maUËdñdrH¥$Vm¡ emImMÝБgÝ`m`oZ emIm`m… H$Xm{MV² MÝБg…H$Xm{MX² AéÝYË`mA{n bjUËdgå^doZ àYmZñ`m{n H$Xm{MX² OJËH$maUËdoXmofmnmXZñ` Agå^dmV².

ZZw *CŠV‘² AÛ¡Vì`mh{Vaod Xmof… VÌ* B{V MoX² Z, Û¡Vñ` VwÀN>ËdmZ§JrH$mamX²‘m{`H$Û¡VoZ `Wm Z AÛ¡Vì`mh{V… VWm nma‘m{W©H$Û¡VoZm{n Z ^doX². *ZZwnma‘m{W©H$mÛ¡Vñ` ‘m{`Ho$Z Û¡VoZ gh {damoYmo@{n ‘m{`H$Ed Z nma‘m{W©H$…;naÝVw nma‘m{W©H$mÛ¡Vñ` nma‘m{W©Ho$Z Û¡VoZ gh {damoYmoñVw nma‘m{W©H$Ed ñ`m{X{VVpÝZfoY… {H«$`Vo* BË`{n AgmåàV‘². Anma‘m{W©Ho$Z Û¡VoZ gmH$‘² AÛ¡Vñ`{damoYmo {X nma‘m{W©H$mo Z d{V, d{V VXm A{déÕËdmXod AÛ¡VkmZoZ Û¡V «‘ñ`A{ZdË ©Ëd‘². AW {ZdV©Zr`ËdmXod H$WpÄMX² Anma‘m{W©H$mo {damoYmo@{n A§Jr{H«$`VoVXm {damoYm{damoY`mo… EH$Ì gh^mdo AZoH$mÝVdmXg‘ml`UoZ ^oXm^oX`moa{nghmdñWmZ‘² A{déÕ‘od A{YJÝVì`‘².

*ZZw nma‘m{W©H$`mo… {h Û¡VmÛ¡V`mo… {damoY… ghmZdñWmZê$nmo, Anma‘m{W©Ho$ZÛ¡VoZ nma‘m{W©H$ñ` AÛ¡Vñ` {damoYmo Z ghmZdñWmZê$n… {H$ÝVw ~mÜ`~mYH$ê$n….~mÜ`Vo {h na‘mW©kmZoZ Anma‘mWª ^«‘^mV§ dñVw*. VXoVX² Z jmoXj‘§,VmXmËå`gå~ÝYmdpÀN>ÝZà{V`mo{JVmH$`mo… nañnam^mdê$n`mo… nma‘m{W©H$`moa{nKQ>nQ >`m o… EH$Ì ^y‘m ¡ ghmdñWmZñ` A{déÕËdmV ². *ZZ w H$W § VÌnma‘m{W©H$Û¡VmÛ¡V`mo… ghmdñWmZ§ dŠVì`‘²* B{V MoX², Ed§ {h VX² kmVì`§VmXmËå`gå~ÝYoZ KQ>… ñdñ‘mX² Z {^ÚVo B{V A oXmË‘H$mo KQ>… nQ>mX² {^ÝZmo@{nnQ>oZ gh EH$Ì y‘m¡ ghmdñWmZ§ àmßZmo{V. Vñ‘mV² nma‘m{W©H$`moa{n Û¡VmÛ¡V`mo…Z ghmdñWmZê$nmo {damoY… H$píMV².

(K)`ËnwZ… Amh ""{gÕmÝVm{^‘Vm àYmZH$maUVmVw ^m‘Ë`{^‘VmHo$db{Z{‘ÎmH$maUVm'' B{V, VX{n ^mî`JVñdì`mhVdMZXmofn[a{Ohrf©`mnwZa{n ^mî`{déÕ‘od A{^YmZ‘².

VWm{h ""{Z{‘ÎmËdÝVw A{YîR>mÌÝVam^mdmX² A{YJÝVì §, `Wm{h bmoHo$‘¥ËgwdUm©{XH$‘² CnmXmZ§ H$maU§ Hw$bmbgwdU©H$mamXrZ² A{YîR>mV¦Z² Anoú`àdV©Vo. Z¡d§ ~«÷U… CnmXmZñ` gVmo AÝ`mo A{YîR>mVm Anoú`mo ApñV, àmJ²CËnÎmo… "EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘²' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) B{V AdYmaUmV².A{YîR>mÌÝVam^mdmo@{n à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmZwnamoYmXod C{XVmo do{XVì`….

150 151

A{YîR>mV[a {h CnmXmZmX² AÝ`pñ‘Z² Aä wnJå`‘mZo nwZa{n EH${dkmZoZgd©{dkmZñ` Agå^dmV² à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmonam oYEd ñ`mV². Vñ‘mX²A{YîR>mÌÝVam^mdmX² AmË‘Z… H$V¥©Ëd‘² CnmXmZmÝVam^mdmV² M àH¥${VËd‘²''(~«.gy.em§.^m.1&4&23).

Bh {Z{‘ÎmmÝVañ` Ho$dbñ` CnmXmZVm{d{eîQ>ñ`m{n dm {ZfoYmonbå^mV².`{X Bh CnmXmZVm{d{eîQ>{Z{‘ÎmËdñ ¡d {ZfoYmo {dd{jV… MoV² VXm gm§»`m{Xg‘ onwéfñ` àYmZñ` AÝ ofm§ Ho$fmpÄMX{n CnmXmZVm{d{eîQ>{Z{‘ÎmËdñ` AZä wnJ‘mX²{ZaZw moÁ`mZw moJEd ñ`mV². nwéfmUm§ gm§{ZÜ`ñ` àYmZmno{jVËdmV² M {Z{‘ÎmH$maUñ`n wéfñ` CnmXmZH$maUñ` àYmZñ` OJËH$maUËd o ~mYm^mdmV ² M.CnmXmZVm{d{eîQ>{Z{‘ÎmËdñ` Aä`wnJ‘mV².

{ddaU‘VoVw ^mî oZ {damoY… H$aVbm‘bH$m`Vo. `Ën wZ… CŠV § ""gmVw n[aUm‘dmX‘mÌmZ{^àm `ËdmV²

à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmZwnamoYmV² M Z gyÌH$magå‘Vo{V VpÝZamg… B{V gdª gwñW‘²''B{V. VÌ Cnnm{XV‘od Añ‘m{^… X² mî o@{n A§eÛ § àVr`Vo gyÌmê$T>mo VXZmê$T>…M B{V. gd}îd{n EVofw EVX{YH$aUñWofw dMZofw `mo{h gyÌmê$T>mo A§e… VÌn[aUm‘dmXà{H«$`mg‘ml`U§ Ñí`Vo. Vñ‘mV² Vñ` nwZ… gyÌH$mamg§‘VËdñ` Xe©{`Vw‘²AeŠ`ËdmV². ñVw CËgyÌmo mî`m§e… VÌ gyÌmZmê$T>ËdmXod à{Vdm{XZm‘² AZmXa….

VXoVX² Cnbä`Vo ""lwVoñVw eãX‘ybËdmX²'' (~«.gy.2&1&27) B{V gyÌ^mî o.VWm{h ""eãXíM C^`‘{n ~«÷U… à{VnmX`{V AH¥$ËñZàgpŠV§ {Zad`dËd§M'' (em§.^m.VÌ¡d) gmo@`‘² A§e… gyÌmê$T>… n[aUm‘dmXg‘W©H$…. CËgyÌñVwnwZ… ""ZZw eãXoZm{n Z eŠ`Vo {déÕmWm©… àË`m`{`Vw§... {Zad`d§ M ~«÷n[aU‘Vo, ZM H¥$ËñZ‘² B{V'' (em§.^m.VÌ¡d) BË`m{XZm {ddV©dmXnmofH$…. ZMA § Ho$db… gyÌmZmê$T>Ed A{nVw ñdd{U©VgyÌmW©{déÕmo@{n, ñ‘mX² {X {déÕmWm©…eãXoZm{n àË`m`{`Vw§ Z eŠ`oV VXm àË`j{déÕËdmX² AÛ¡V‘{n ""EH$‘odA{ÛVr`‘²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&3) BË od‘m{Xê$noU eãXoZ Z eŠ oV àË`m`{`Vw‘²."KQ>… gZ²' "nQ>… gZ²' BË`m{X AZw doZ g{X{V J¥hrV§ Û¡VmË‘H§$ OJV² Ho$dboZeãXoZ ""Z Bh ZmZm ApñV'' (~¥h.Cn.4&4&19) BË od‘m{Xê$noU Z eŠ oV{‘Ï`mËdoZ àË`m`{`Vw‘². `{X AÌ eŠ`oV VXmVw {Zad`dñ`m{n ~«÷U…AH¥$ËñZàgpŠV§ n[aUm‘‘{n àË`m`{`Vw§ eŠ`oV eãXoZ. `Wm{h ñd`‘od

^mî`H$mamo@{n Amh-""Z bmoH$dX² Bh ^{dVì`§ Z{h AZw‘mZJå`mo AW©…eãXJå`ËdmÎmw Añ` AW©ñ`, `WmeãX‘² Bh ^{dVì`‘², eãXíM B©{jVw…B©ídañ` àH¥${VËd§ à{VnmX`{V B{V AdmoMm‘…'' (~«.gy.em§.^m.1&4&27).`Wm CŠV§ ""Z{h BX‘² A{VJå^ra§ ^md`mWmËå`‘² AmJ‘‘² AÝVaoUCËào{jVw‘{n eŠ`‘²''(~«.gy.em§.^m.2&1&11) B{V.

ZM *gÝ‘mÌàË`jdmXg‘ml`mUmV² àË`joUm{n Û¡V§ Z à‘r`Vo Vñ`{dH$ën~wÕçoH$Jm oMaËdmV², IÊS>ZIÊS>ImÚ{MËgw»`m{XJ«ÝWofw Û¡Vñ`{Zd©MZmeŠ`ËdmonnmXmZmV² M. Vñ‘mV² Z lw{VàË`j`mo… {damoYmo oZ lwË wŠVmÛ¡Vñ`~mY… Ame§Š`oV* dmÀ`§, `ñ‘mX ² C^`m o… A{dam oY oV w ^mî`H$mamUm §""ê$nmÚ^mdmÀM Z A`‘² AW©… àË`jñ` JmoMa…'',""Z¡d dmMm Z ‘ZgmZ Mjwfm Z AÝ`¡a{n BpÝÐ`¡… àmßVw § eŠ`Vo''(~«.gy.em§.^m.2&1&6,H$R>mon.6&12) B{V ñdmä`wnJ{V{damoYmV², lwVrZmÄMAZ{YJVmW©kmnH$Ëdm^mdoZ Aàm‘mÊ`mnÎmo…, gÝ‘mÌJ«mhHo$U J«mh² ñ` gVmo ~«ô‘Ëdo""`V² Mjwfm Z ní`{V... VXod ~«ô‘ Z BX‘²'' (Ho$Zmon.1&6) B{V lwVo…~mYmo AW A~«ô‘Ëdo MjwJ«mh² ©ñ` gÝ‘mÌñ` VXJ«mh² ñ` ~«mpô‘H$gÎdñ` {‘Wmo^oXo nma‘m{W©Ho$ ^oXo ^oXmn{Îm…. Anma‘m{W©Ho$Vw ^oXo ~«ô‘{^ÝZV`m H$pënVñ`àË`j{df`r yVñ` gÝ‘mÌñ` {‘Ï`mËdmn{Îm… Xwîn[aha¡d.

AVmo Z{h Añ‘m{^… CËào{jVw§ eŠ`Vo ~«÷ gm§e§ {Za§e§ dm AmJ‘‘² AÝVaoU,VX² ~«ô‘ Ibw OJXmH$maoU n[aU‘Vo {ddV©Vo dm, VÀMm{n H¥$ËñZV`m AH¥$ËñZV`mdm B{V. Vñ‘mV² lw{Vaod AÌ à‘mU§, Vñ`mñVw n[aUm‘dmXEd gyÌ^mî`mä`m§VmËn ©{ZU© mX² Agm¡Ìmo {ddV©dmX… B{V gw{Y{^… AmH$bZr`‘².

(785g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)àmJwËnÎmo… `{X EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘² V{h© H$W§ {Z{‘ÎmH$maU‘{n

B©jUmÚgå^dmV²? (C.)B©ídaH$maUVmnjo àmJwËnÎmo… {d{dŠV Zm‘ê$neyÝ`Ëd‘od.""AgXod BX‘² AJ« AmgrX²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) BË`m{XdmŠ`Bd {dd{jV‘².B{V VXmZt ‘m`md¥{Îm‘² AmXm` gd©kËdnjo@{n {Z{‘ÎmH$maUËd§ ‘m`md¥{Îm‘² B©jU‘²AmXm` {Zd©hË od. {MÐÿnËdñ ¡d gd©kËdoVw e§H¡$d Z C{ÎmîR>Vo.

152 153

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) BX‘m {Z{X©í`‘mZñ` OJV… ñdmoËnÎmo… nydª gËd‘² AmgrX² CV AgËd‘² B{V

^d{V {d{M{H$Ëgm. VÌ ""VÕ¡H$ Amhþ… AgXod BX‘² AJ« AmgrX² EH$‘odA{ÛVr § Vñ‘mX² AgV… gX² Om`Vo'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) B{V BX‘m {Z{X©ï>ñ`gËdoZ AZw y ‘mZñ` OJV… ñdmoËnÎmo… nyd©‘² AgËd‘² AmgrX² B{V nam{^‘V…àmJ^mdmo ~mo{YV…. àmJ^mdmÀM H$maUmXod H$m ©ñ` gV… CËn{Îm… B{V dmX…,""Hw$VñVw Ibw, gm¡å`, Ed§ ñ`mX²? B{V h CdmM "H$W‘² AgV… gX² Om oV?'B{V'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&2) B{V dMZoZ {ZamH¥$V…. Amä`m§ nanj-VpÝZamH$aUmä`m§OJV… BXmZt gËd§ C^`mo… nydm}Îmanj`mo… {Z{d©{M{H$ËgV`m A{^‘V‘² B{V {gÕ‘².VÌ CËnÎmo… nyd©‘{n g¥îQ>o… gËd‘² AÛ¡V§ M {gÕmpÝVV‘² AZoZ dMZoZ. Vñ` gVmoAÛ¡Vñ` A{^Ü`mZnyd ©H § $ ~hþ^dZ§ ""VX² EojV ~hþ ñ`m§ àOm`o`''(N>mÝXm o.Cn.6&2&3) BË`m{XZm d{U©V‘². VoZM gVmo{^Ü`mZnyd©H$ñ`~hþ^dZoÀN>mg‘wpËWVñ` Û¡VànÄMñ` g¥pîQ>H$mbBd àmJ{n gËd§ lwË`{^àoV‘²B{V àVr`Vo. VÀM gËd‘² EH$‘² A{ÛVr`‘² M. VÌ "EH$‘od' "A{ÛVr`‘²' MB{V {deofUÛ oZ gOmVr`-{dOmVr`-ñdJV-Û¡Vd{O©V§ ~«÷Umo ê$n‘² AdJ‘`{VB{V {gÕmÝV…. `Wm nma‘m{W©H§$ gOmVr § {H$pÄMX² ZmpñV VWm ì`mdhm[aH$‘{n{dOmVr § {H$pÄMX² ZmgrX² B{V bä`Vo. Vñ‘mX² ~«÷{U {‘Ï`mÛ¡Vê$n B©ídamo@{nì`ŠVZm‘ê$nmo Aì`ŠVZm‘ê$nmo dm ZmgrX² BË`{n AdJå`Vo. g¥îQ>o… nyd©‘² ""EH$‘odA{ÛVr`‘²...AmgrX²'' (N>mÝXm o.Cn.6&2&1) B{V dMZoZ EH$ñ`¡dA{ZVaghm`ñ` ~«÷U… ""VX² EojV ~hþ ñ`m§ àOm o '' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&3)B{V dMZoZ ~hþ dZ-gm‘Ï ©-g§H$ënmä`m§ ZmZmËd‘{n {gÕçË od nma‘m{W©H$‘².

V{Xh g¥pîQ>à{H«$`m`m§ ‘m`m`m… AOmJbñVZê$nm`m… AZmdí`H$Ëdo {gÕo‘m`md¥{Îmê$n‘² B©jU‘² AmXm` {MÐÿnËdñ ¡d dm gd©kËd‘² AmXm` B©jUhoVw{Zê$nU‘²Ag§JV‘od. gm§»`g‘`{ZamH$aUo@{n nwZ… VÌ¡d n ©dgmZmX² KÅ>Hw$Q>çm§ à^mVíM.

(786g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)A{YîR>mZmÝVam^mdmo@{n `{X à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmZwnamoYmXod do{XVì`… V{h©

VoZ¡d Ý`m`oZ ‘m`m{Xn[aUm{‘H$maUmÝVamÚ^mdmo@{n H$W§ Z AdJå`Vo?(C.)H$m ©H$maU^md‘² AmXm ¡d {dH$ma‘mÌñ` EH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZà{VkmZmX²‘m`m`mñVw ~«÷{dkmZXem`m§ ñdê$nVmo ~mYoZ AdñWmZñ ¡d A`moJoZ {Zdm©hmV²

M dñVwVmo ‘m`m`m A^mdmo AW©{gÕEdo{V H$m ©H$maU^mdXem`m§ VX^mdmnmXZ§Z gå^dXwpŠVH$‘². A{YîR>mZmÝVaÝVw ~«÷kmZZmí § Z dm VËH$m ©{‘{V VXä wnJ‘oà{Vkm{damoYmo An[ahaUr`….

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) `{Xh CŠV§ ""H$m ©H$maU^md‘² AmXm ¡d {dH$ma‘mÌñ` EH${dkmZoZ

gd©{dkmZà{VkmZmX²'' B{V VÌ Z VmdX² A{YîR>mZkmZoZ VXwn[a Om`‘mZmZm§gd}fm§ AmamonmUm§ kmZ§ {gÜ`{V {H$‘wV {ZdV©VEd? Vñ‘mV² n[a{eî`Vo EH${dkmZoZgd©{dkmZà{VkmZwamoYmX² ‘¥ÁkmZoZ¡d n[aUmå wnmXmZ yVkmZoZ gd}fm§ ‘¥Ê‘`mZm{‘dV{ÛH$mamUm§ kmZ‘². VWm g{V ~«÷U… n[aUmå wnmXmZVm AZ§JrH$mao "EH${dkmZoZ'BË`ñ` ‘m`m{dkmZoZ BË od AWm} bä oV VVíM ‘m ¡d {Okmñ`m ^doX², Z nwZ…~«÷m{n. VÀM AZ^rîQ>‘². A{^b{fVÝVw ~«÷{dkmZ§ ZM VoZ gd©{dkmZ§ gå^dVr{VAdmoMm‘…. Z{h n[aUm‘dmX‘² AZwg¥Ë` ~«÷OJVmo… H$m ©H$maU^mdmo ‘m`mdm{X{^…ñdr{H«$`Vo.

`V² n wZ… CŠV§ ""‘m`m`mñVw ~«÷kmZXem`m§ ñdê$nVmo ~mYoZAdñWmZñ ¡d A`moJoZ {Zdm©hmV² M dñVwVmo ‘m`m`m… A^mdmo AW©{gÕEdo{VH$m`©H$maU^mdXem`m§ VX^mdmnmXmZ§ Z gå^dXwpŠVH$‘²'' B{V. VÌ‘m`m`m… ñdê$nVmo ~mYoZ AdñWmZñ ¡d A`moJoZ Vñ`m A^mdñ` AW©{gÕËdo@{ngmo ^md… H$sÑe… B{V {d‘e©… H$V©ì`….

~«÷kmZoZ ~m{YVm`m… ‘m`m`m… A^mdmo {h Z OJV… CnmXmZH$maUËdoZA^md… {H$ÝVw gXgXä`m§ {Zd©MZr`ËdoZ¡d. VWm {Zd©MZr`ËdoZ `mo A^md… gmo`{X CnmXmZËdoZm{n ñ`mV², ñ`mV² M VXm ‘m`mdmX §J…. Vñ‘mX² ~«÷¡d nm[aeoî`mX²CnmXmZ§ ñ`mV².

AW *{Z{d©eofñ` ~«÷Umo ‘m`monmqY {dZm ñdV… CnmXmZËd§ Z gå^d{V*B{V MoV² VVñVw {gÕ§ ~mYkmZmoÎmaEd Vñ`m… A^md…. ZZw *~mY`moJñ`Ì¡H$m{bH${ZfoYà{V`m o{JËd§ ñdr{H«$`Vo* B{V MoV² V`m VoZ ¡d hoV wZmCnmXmZËd{ZfoYmo@{n doXod. {XVw CnmXmZVm Z {Z{fÜ`Vo {H$ÝZm‘ gËdmgËdmä`m§

154 155

{Zd©MZr`V¡d {Z{fÜ`Vo VXm CnmXmZËdoZ¡d ñdrH$aUmX² A^mdmo@{n Z {gÜ oV².empñÌMaUmA{n AVEd ""H$m`©H$maU^mdXem`m§ VX^mdmnmXZ§ Zgå^dXwpŠVH$‘²'' B{V Amhþ…. H$m ©H$maU^mdXem`m‘od ~«÷Umo {ddVm}nmXZVm,n[aUmå wnmXmZVm AmhmopñdX² {Z{‘ÎmH$maUVm{n ñdr{H«$`Vo Z ~«÷kmZmoÎmaXem`m‘{n.^mî`H¥$Vm{n H$m`©H$maU^mdXem`m‘od CnmXmZmÝVañ` A^mdmnmXZ§ {H«$`Vo ZnwZ… ~«÷kmZXem`m‘{n AàgŠVËdmXod-""gmjm{X{V M CnmXmZmÝVamZwnmXmZ§Xe©`{V'' (em§.^m.1&4&25). Amnm{XVoVw CnmXmZmÝVam^mdo VXwnmXmZ§~«÷kmZZmí`‘² AZmí § dm ^dVw C^`‘{n ì`mdV©VEd. Vñ‘mV² g‘…g‘m{Y…C^`Wm. {X ~«÷Umo AÝ`X² CnmXmZ§ ‘m`mê$n§ d{V, d{V VXm dXVmoì`mKmV…,àXÎmíM AdH$memo àYmZm`m{n ~«÷ì`{VaoH$ñ` Vwë`ËdmV². AÝ`Wm gd©ñ`mA{nH$m`©H$maU^mdà{H«$`m`m… ~«÷kmZZmí`ËdoZ ñdê$nVm o A^mdê$nm`m…~«÷mÛ¡Vm~mYH$ËdoZ¡d Cnn{Îm… àXí ©Vo MoX² ‘m yX² {ZpIbñ` n[aUmå wnmXmZ§‘m`m, KQ > m o @ {n {h {ZpIbñ` ànÄMñ` H$maU § H w $Vm o Z ^d{V~«÷kmZZmí`Ëdgm‘mÝ`mV². `Vmo KQ>mo@{n na‘mW©Vmo A^mdê$n… VmÑeñ` Mg‘J«OJXwnmXmZê$nËdo ~mYm^mdmV².

ZZw *ì`dhmao VWm AXe©ZmX² Z gå^d{V*. VXm ‘m`mnjo@{n VWm AXe©ZmX²‘m`m{n OJXwnmXmZ§ Z ^{dVw‘² Ah©{V. ZZw *ì`dhmao ‘m`mH$m ©Ëdñ` AXe©Zo@{n""Añ‘mZ² ‘m`r g¥OVo'' (ídoVm.Cn.4&9) ""dmMma§^U§ {dH$mamo''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&1&4) ""EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘²'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&1) BË`m{Xlw{Vä`…‘m`m`m… H$maUËd{g{Õ…* B{V MoX² Z, EH${dkmZo gd©{dkmZà{VkmZwamoYmV² VÌCnmXmZmÝVam^mdñ` {gÕËdoZ ‘m`m‘mæ`m{Xgd}fm‘{n ~«÷VmXmËå § dm A^mdmodm A§JrH$aUr`mo {déÕlw{Vg‘Ýd`mW©‘². AÝ`Wm Vwë`Ý`m`oZ àYmZmXoa{nH$maUËddmaU§ Z gå^doV.

(787g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)BîQ>mnÎmm¡Vw ~«÷Umo@{n H$W§ {ddVm}nmXmZH$Ëd‘²? (C.)VWmM

H$m ©H$maU^mdXem`m§ ‘m`m`m A{n ñdrH$mamX² Z ~«÷Umo {ddVm}nmXZVm {déÕçVo.

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) {ddVm}nmXmZËd§ n[aUmå wnmXmZËd§ dm {Z{‘ÎmH$maUËd§ dm H$V¥©Ëd§ dm ^dVw

^d{VVw gd©‘² EVV² H$m ©H$maU^mdXem`m‘od. EVñ`m‘od {h Xem`m§ H$ñ` H$V¥©Ëd§H$ñ` {Z{‘ÎmËd§ H$ñ` M nwZ… CnmXmZËd§ dm ^d{V? B{V ^d{V {d{M{H$Ëgm.H$m ©H$maU^mdXem`m‘od {h ~«÷Umo ì`{V[aŠVñ` CnmXmZmÝVañ` {Z{‘ÎmmÝVañ`m{ndm ì`mdV©Zmh©Ëd‘² ^d{V. AÝ`Wm EdH$maà`moJd¡ Ï ©‘² AmnÚoV. ~«÷¡d OJV…CnmXmZ§ {Z{‘ÎmH$maUÄM Vñ‘mX² ^d{V B{V AÜ`dgr`Vo.

~«÷kmZXem`mÝVw ‘m`m~«÷Umo… Z¡H$Vañ`m{n H$maUËd§ gå^d{V~«÷kmZ{damoYmV². ZM AV… à{VfoYmo@{n VÌ wÁ oV. Vñ‘mX² dXVmoì`mKmVmo dmEdH$mad¡ Ï`m©n{Îm… dm B{V XyfU§ dO«bonm{`V‘².

(788g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)A{YîR>mVard Xmof{dY`m n[aUm{‘H$maU{dY`m dm ~«÷Umo AÝ`pñ‘Z²

Aä` wnJå`‘mZ o@{n H$W § à{VkmÑîQ > mÝVmZ wnam oY…? (C.)Xm of{dY`mn[aUm{‘H$maU{dY`m dm A{dÚm`m… Aä wnJ‘o@{n ~«÷gmjmËH$maXem`m§ Vñ`mA{nnydm}ŠV{dY`m ~mYmX² Z à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmonamoY….

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) XÎmmoÎmaàm`ËdmX² Bh Z ~hþ {dVÝ`Vo. VWm{n BX§ VmdX² dŠVì § ^d{V `X²

Z{h ~«÷kmZXem`m§ ~mYmV² H$m ©H$maU^mdXem`m‘² A{dÚm`m… A^mdmo ^d{V.^mdoVw EH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZo O{ZVì o VXoH${dkmZ§ ~«÷Umo dm ‘m`m`m… dm?B{V {ZYm©aUr`‘². `{X ~«÷U… VXm ‘m`m`m… H$maUËdmZwnn{Îm… à{Vkm~mY… M.`{X ‘m`m`m… VXm à{VkmZwnamoYo@{n àH«$mÝV~«÷{Okmgm`m… {Zîà`moOZËd-{Zî’$bËdmnÎmo… d¡ Ï`m©n{Îm….

(789g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)‘m`m» o CnmXmZo {dÚ‘mZo H$W‘² CnmXmZmÝVam^mdmV² M àH¥${VËd‘²

B{V ^mî`‘²? (C.)‘m`mVw Z CnmXmZ‘² B{V ^m‘Vr‘V§, {ddaU‘VoVw

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{ddVm }nmXmZmÝVamä`wnJ‘Ed à{Vkm onam oY… AmnmÚVo, B{V ‘m`m`m…n[aUmå wnmXmZmÝVaËdñ` ñdrH$mao@{n Z {damoY….

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) ""^m‘Vr‘Vo Z CnmXmZËd‘²'' B{V {Z{‘ÎmËd‘² ApñV Z dm? `{X AmÚ…

VXm-""A{YîR>mÌÝVam^mdmo@{n à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmZwnam oYmXod C{XVmodo{XVì`…. A{Yð>mV[a {h CnmXmZmX² AÝ`pñ‘Z² Aä`wnJå`‘mZo nwZa{nEH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZñ` Agå^dmV² à{VkmÑîQ>mÝVmonamoYEd ñ`mV².''(em§.^m.1&4&23) B{V dMZ{damoY…. {X {ÛVr`… VXm CnmXmZËd{Z{‘ÎmËdmä`m‘²AÝ`ñ` H$ñ`MZ AZä`wnJ‘mX² A‘m{`H§$ OJX² AmnÚoV². ‘m`m {h OJVmoZmonmXmZ§ ZM {Z{‘Îm§ VWm{n ‘m{`H§$ OJX² B{V Vw Z gå^d{V.

ZZw *CnmXmZËd{d{eîQ>-{Z{‘ÎmËdñ` A{YîR>mÌÝVamonmYm¡ {ZfoY… {H«$`Vo.‘m`mÝVw Ho$dbm§ {Z{‘ÎmH$maUê$nm‘od AdJÀN>m‘…. AVmo Z Xmof… H$píMX²* B{VMoX² Z, EH${dkmZoZ gd©{dkmZà{Vkm~mYñ` Bhm{n Vwë`ËdmV². gm§» ¡a{n àYmZñ`nwéfñ` dm H$ñ`{MX{n CnmXmZËd{d{eîQ>{Z{‘ÎmËdmZä wnJ‘mV² VX{^‘VmZm‘{nA{Z{fÕËdmn{Îm… {ZaZw moÁ`mZw moJ… M.

""{ddaU‘VoVw {ddVm}nmXmZmÝVamä wnJ‘Ed à{VkmonamoY…'' B{V `X²CŠV§ VÌ gm§»`‘Vo àYmZñ` {ddVm}nmXmZËdmZä wnJ‘mV² VÌm{n AXwîQ>Ëdmn{Îm….^mî`H$maoU M """`V…'B{V B`§ nÄM‘r... àH¥${VËdbjUEd AnmXmZoÑîQ>ì`m'' (em§.^m.1&4&23). ""nyd©{gÕmo@{n {h gZ² AmË‘m {deofoU{dH$mamË‘Zm n[aU‘`m‘mg… AmË‘mZ‘² B{V. {dH$mamË‘Zm M n[aUm‘…‘¥XmÚmgw àH¥${Vfw CnbãY…'' (em§.^m.1&4&26) B{V Ed§OmVr`H¡$… dMZ¡…~«÷U… n[aUmå wnmXmZËdñ ¡d g‘W©ZmX² {ddaU‘{n mî`me o d«U{‘d Am^m{V.^mî`ñ` dm dXVmoì`mKmVXmofXwîQ>Ëd‘² Adí`‘² Aä wnoVì`‘².

Vñ‘mX² ‘m`m`m n[aUmå wnmXmZmÝVaËdñ` ñdrH$mamo Z¡d wŠV….

(790g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)VoZ gmjm{X{V M CnmXmZmÝVamZwnmXmZ§ Xe©`{V B{V ^mî`‘{n

ì`m»`mV‘². ‘m`monmXmZñ`m{n ñdrH$maoU CŠV^mî`mZwnnÎmo…. (C.)VWmM gmjm{X{VM CnmXmZmÝVamZwnmXmZ§ Xe© Vr{V ^mî § {ddVm}nmXmZmÝVamZwnmXmZ‘od JmoMa`{VB{V Z CŠV^mî`‘² AZwnnÝZ‘². ""AmË‘H¥$Vo n[aUm‘mX²'' (~«.gy.1&4&26)BË`Ì n[aUm‘eãXñ`m{n {ddV©naËdmV².

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) VXoVV² nyd©g‘mYmZoZ XÎmmoÎma‘² ""AmË‘H¥$Vo n[aUm‘mX²'' (~«.gy.1&4&26)

BË`Ì `{X n[aUm‘eãXñ` {ddV©naËd§ {dH$maeãXñ`m{n «‘naËd§ ""‘¥XmÚmgwàH¥${Vfw'' B{V eãX`moa{n aOVmamonm{YîR>mZewpŠVH$mnaËd§, ""{dH$mamË‘Zm Mn[aUm‘…'' BË`ñ` aOVgnm©{XnaËd‘{n ñ`mV² ñ`mV² M VXm AmË‘eãXñ`m{nàYmZnaËdo {ZXm}fËd‘² ^mŠVà`moJñ` àYmZH$maUdmXEd XmofmdhËd§ Z‘m`mH$maUdmXo Z EVmÑet amOmkm§ H$mpíMX² {dX²‘ho.

(791g§»`mHo$ àíZmoÎmao) (à.)"n[aUm‘'eãXñ ¡d {ddV©… B{V AW©ñVw ""{dH$mamË‘Zm M n[aUm‘mo

‘¥XmÚmgw àH¥${Vfw CnbãY…'' (~«.gy.em §.^m.1&4&26) B{V ^mî`o‘¥Xm{XÑîQ>mÝVmonmXmZmX² dm`©Vo. (C.)`Îmw ""{dH$mamË‘Zm...CnbãY…'' B{V^mî § V{XX§ ñdm{^ÝZH$m ©OZH$Ëd§ {ddV©n[aUmå wnmXmZgmYmaU§ bjU‘² A{^àoË ¡dZVw {dH$mamW©‘² A{^àoË`. AVEd AÌ "{dH$mamË‘Zm'B{V "AmË‘'nX‘².

(VËg‘mbmoMZ‘²) Z{h mÑemo A oXmo {dH$man[aUm{‘Zmo ÑîQ>… VmÑeEd A oXmo {ddVm©{YîR>mZ`mo…

Bî`Vo. EH$Ì oXg{hîÊd oXê$n… VmXmËå`ê$nmo AnaÌ {ÛVr`mË`ÝVm^mdê$n… MB{V Aä`wnJ‘mV². AÝ`Wm ^mñH$a‘VIÊS>Zñ` AH$mÊS>VmÊS>dVmn{Îm…. ZMAWm©dJmhZ§ {dZm "A oX'eãX‘mÌgmå oZ C^`Ì {ddV©n[aUm‘`mo… bjUgmYmaÊ §dŠVw‘² C{MV‘². "AmË‘'nX§ {h ñdê$ndmMH$‘² B{V `Ed AWm} {dH$mañ` ^d{V

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gEd AWm} "AmË‘'nXñ`m{n ko`…. AÝ`Wm ""ewpŠVH$m {h aOVmË‘ZmAd^mgVo'' BË`Ì "aOVmË‘Zm' BË`ñ`m{n "JOmË‘Zm' BË`Wm}@{n ñ`mV².

Vñ‘mV ² g‘{W ©V § ^d{V `X ² OJX ²~ «÷Um o … VmXmËå` § {dZm Zlw{VgyÌñdmañ`g§ajUgå^mdZm B{V. àH¥ $Ë`{YH$aUJVmZm § g yÌmUm §nyd©njH$jm`m‘ñWmnZmV², n[aUm‘dmXn[a^mf ¡d hR>mX² ^mî`aMZmZ¡ Ë`Xe©ZmV²M {ddV ©dmXñ` Aàm‘m{UH$Ëd § ~ «÷ñdê$nn[aUm‘dmXñ`lw{VgyÌm{XemñÌg‘{W©ËdÄM B{V gdª gwñW‘².

àH¥$Ë`m{XgyÌo@ZwnmXmZVmopŠV…g‘mê$T>emIm§ ñd`§ ô`wpÀN>Z{Îm&

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B{V Jmoñdm{‘lrXr{jVmË‘OoZ í`m‘‘ZmohaoU {da{MV§lr‘XZÝVH¥$îUempñÌ{da{MVàíZmoÎmagmhña²çm§àH¥$Ë`{YH$aUJVmZm§ H${Vn`mZm§ àíZmoÎmamUm§

g‘mbmoMZ‘²gånyU©‘²

dmXmdbrn[a{eï>‘²(3)

&&Ho$dbmÛ¡VdmXm{^‘Vm{dÚmñdê$n{d‘e©…&&

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BX‘² AÌ {dMm ©Vo : {Z{d©e}f~«ô‘dm{XZm§ ‘Vo ~«ô‘mZÝX… g§gmaXem`m§ `X²Z Ad^mgVo, AÝ`Wm ~«ô‘mZÝXmZw doVw ~«ô‘mkmZo@{n g§gmamoÀN>oXàg§Jmn{Îm…,gmo@`‘² AmZÝXmZd^mg… {H$‘² AkmZmd¥VËdoZ hoVwZm BVaoU dm? B{V.

VÌ gpÀMXmZÝXê$n~«ô‘U… gÎmmM¡VÝ`mZÝXmZm§ JwUY‘©ËdH$ënZm^mdo@{nM¡VÝ`mH$mam`m… A{dÚmd¥Îmo… A§JrH$mamX² gXmZÝX`mo… M AmdaUà`moOZm^mdmV²M¡VÝ`mdaUoZ¡d VX^mZmonnÎ`m AmZÝXmH$mam`m… M A{dÚmd¥Îmo… dŠVw‘² AeŠ`V`m{nAmZÝXmZd^mg… H$W‘² CnnmXZr`…? g{VM Ed‘² AmZÝXñ` ~«ô‘ñdê$nËdoZ¡d"{MXd^mg…'-"AmZÝXmd^mg…' M AZÝ`mWm©H$mdodo{V {MXmdaH$d¥{ÎmgX²^mdoAmZÝXmH$mam{dÚmd¥Î`^mdo M {d{ZJ‘Zmam{hË`§ àVr`Vo.

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CŠVXmofmZZwf§J… B{V gmåàV‘², AZm{XËd§{h VmdX² VÕoVwH$mdaUmZwËnÎmm¡ Ibwà`moOH$‘². Z{h AÌ AmdaUmoËnÎmm¡ VÁkßVm¡ dm {ddmX… {H$ÝVw AmdaUà`moOH$Ed.ñdrH¥$VÝVw A§emdaUñ` A{dÚmà wŠVËd‘² AÝ`Wm A{dÚm{Zd¥Îmmd{n VËà wŠV‘²AmdaU§ Z {ZdV}V.

VVmo{h VX² AmdaU§ H$pënVm§eo CV Amd¥Vo{h Vpñ‘Z² A§eH$ënZ‘²? BË odAmH$mamo {Okmgm`m….

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ZM *A§emdaU‘od A§eH$ënZm* B{V gmåàV§, VX² `{X AIÊS>M¡VÝ`m§eñ`AmdaU§ MoX² Z {ZñVma…. AW A{dÚm§eoZ {MXmdaU§ VXm A{dÚm`m… H$sÑeoZA§eoZ B{V ì wËnmXZr §. Z VmdX² ‘ybVybm{Xà oXH$pënVmo A{dÚm§e…, Vñ` BhAZwn`moJmV². AW *A{dÚ¡d Ibw {MËà{V{~å~J«m{hUr V{XVamJ«m{hUr* B{V MoX²Z, AZmd¥Vm`m… {MVmo {h AmZÝXmX² A{^ÝZËdm§JrH$maoU {MVmo J«hUoZ AmZÝXm{XH$‘{nJ¥hrV‘od. VVmo Z A{dÚm`m… A§eoZ AmdaU‘² BË od {M{V A§eH$ënZm dŠVw§wŠVm. ZM *Ef Ibw AmdaUñ ¡d ñd^mdmo `X² AmZÝXñ` AmdaUoVw VXàH$me§

KQ>`ÝZ{n {MVñVw AmdaUo {ZOmd¥VËdoZ VËàH$meZ‘{n KQ>`{V B{V. `WmM

CÀ`Vo ""Aml`Ëd{df`Ëd^m{JZr {Z{d© mJ{M{Vaod Ho$dbm '' (g§jo.em[a.1&319)*

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ZM *{MX²{df`H$Ëd‘² AkmZñ` Z VËñdàH$meËdmdaUm` Ab‘²,AkmZñ`m{n VoZ¡d àH$mí`ËdoZ ^mg‘mZËdmV². AVmo{h {MXn[apÀN>ÝZËdñ`¡dAmdaUm o{V VÌ {M{V XoeH$mbñdê$nV… n[aÀN>oXàVr{V… AmdaUñd^mdà wŠVm`wŠV¡d* B{V dmÀ`‘², Añ`m{n {ddmXJ«ñVËdmXod. VWm{h Z{h {MVo…ñdàH$meËdmn[apÀN>ÝZËdê$nm¡ Ûm¡ Y‘m£ Zm‘ H$m¡MZ, ``mo… AÝ`Va`mo…AmdaUmZmdaUo gå^doVm‘².

{H$ÄM g{deofËdoZ¡d ewpŠVeH$bñ` ewpŠVËd‘² AkmZoZ Am{d« Vo Z IbwMmH$MŠ`m{XH${‘{V VÌ àË`j{gÕËdoZ gwVam‘² A§JrH$Vwª eŠ`‘². {Z{d©eofÝVwnwZ… ~«ô‘o{V VÌ AmdaUñd^mdmo@{n Z A{H$pÄMËH$aVm‘² A{VH«$m‘oV². *ZZw{Z{d©eofo@{n {deofH$ënZmnwa…ga¡d AmdaUH$ënZm* B{V MoX² Z, {deofH$ënZm`m‘²AmdaUH$ënZm AmdaUH$ënZm`m § M {de ofH$ënZm B{V AÌm{nnydm}ŠVXmofmZ{Vb§KZmV². VWm{h ~«ô‘mZÝXñVw {ZpIbÛ¡Và wŠVXw…I{ZdmaH$B{VVñ` AZmd¥VËdoVw, AmdaUmZ^r^yVËdoZ¡d hoVwZm, AkmZmdaU{djonà`wŠVmZm§{ZpIbmZm§ Xw…ImZm§ {ZdmaU§ ^{dVì`‘od. AW Amd¥VËdoVw {MX^oXê$nhoVwZ¡dVX²dXod AmZÝXñ`m{n Amd¥VV ¡d à{V^mgmo dm ^{dVì`….

ZM *{ZË`ewÕ‘wŠVm{Yð>mZ-gd©gm{jê$n-M¡VÝ`ñ` gdm©d^mgH$ñ` à‘mV¥Ëd§Z ñdr{H«$`Vo, oZ AmdaUmË‘H$‘² AkmZ§ VoZ gm{jUm {ZdV}V. à‘m@kmZd¥ÎmrVwà‘mÌwn{hVM¡VÝ`JmoMaoEdo{V à‘mV¥JVà‘mUd¥Î ¡d A{dÚmd¥{Îm… {Zd{V©Vw§ `mo½`m*B{V dmÀ §, VXm Ab§ à‘m@kmZ «‘m{Xgdm©d^mgHo$Z {Z{d©eof~«ô‘Um, `ñ‘mV²g§gmaXw…I{ZdmaH$V`m à‘mVwaod Aml`U§ VXm lo ñH$a§ ñ`mV². ZM *à‘mVwa{nñd{df{`Ur à‘mVw Z ‘wpŠVgm{YH$m {H$‘wV {Z{d©eof~«ô‘{df{`Ê odo{V Z à‘mÌml`…lo ñH$a… {H$ÝVw {Z{d©H$ënH$mË‘M¡VÝ o gåà{V{ð>V¡d ~w{Õ… lo ñH$ar* B{V dmÀ §,{Z{d©H$ënH$mË‘M¡VÝ`ñ` {ZË`‘wŠVËdoZ ‘wŠË`nojm^mdmV². à‘mVwñVw nwZ… ~ÕËdoZ‘wŠË`h©Vm, V`m M ‘wŠVo… {‘Ï`mËdo@{n, jmZwê$nmo ~{bÝ`m oZ, AnojUr`Ëdñ`

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eŠ`ËdmV². *ZZw {‘Ï`m{n AZw y ‘mZ§ ñdmpßZH§$ Xw…I§ OmJaUmZÝVaÝVw A{‘Ï`m yVoÐï>[a Z {ZdmaUr`‘² B{V H$mo dm ‘ÝdrV?* B{V MoX² Z, Xmï>m©pÝVHo$ {h OmJaUñWmZr §VmdX² {ZpIbÛ¡V~mYoZ Xw…ImË`ÝVm^mdmonb{jV§ {Z{d©H$ënH$mË‘M¡VÝ`oAdñWmZ‘od. VÌ à‘mVwa{n ~mYmX² Z Vñ` AmË`pÝVH$Xw…ImoÀN>oXkmZ§ Zm{nnma‘m{W©H$mZÝXkmZ§ do{V VÌ à‘mVw… àd¥Î`ZwnnÎmo…. ñdßZOmJaUmo `mdñWmZwJVñ`ñdßZÐïw>ñVw OmJaUo@{n {ZO¡Š`àË`{^k`m ñdmpßZH${‘Ï`mXw…I{Zd¥Îmm¡ àd¥{Îm…gwIoZ¡d CnnÚoV. à‘mVwñVw nwZ… ewÕ{M{V Amamo{nVËdoZ AmË‘{‘Ï`mËdà{VnÎ`mñd m {Yð > mZ^ yV-X w …ImË`ÝV m^md m {YH $ aUVm o nb{jV-e wÕ{MVñV wnma‘m{W©H$Ëd{dídmgoZm{n Z AmË‘r`Xw…I{ZdmaUo àd¥Î wnnÎmm¡ {H$pÄMV² à`moOZ§H$ën{`Vw§ eŠ`Vo. Zm{n Ho$dbmÛ¡Vo à‘mV¥-ewÕM¡VÝ``mo… VmXmËå`‘² A§JrH¥$V§{H$‘wV ewÕM¡VÝ`o VX²ì`{V[aŠVgÎdñ` Ì¡H$m{bH$mË`ÝVm^mdEd. Z IbwH$pñ‘§píMX² ^dZo XodXÎmmo ""Ah§ Zmg‘² Zmpñ‘ Z ^{dî`m{‘'' B{V {dkm`m{nVX² dZmb§H$aUm` g‘wËgwH$mo ^{dVw§ à^doV²

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VÌ Z AmÚmo, {^ÝZËdo Û¡VmnÎmo…. Z {ÛVr`…, VWmËdo EH$ñ` {‘Ï`mËd‘²Anañ` nma‘m{W©H$Ëd{‘{V Anma‘m{W©Ho$Z {h VoZ gånm{XVmo Anma‘m{W©H$mZm§Xw…ImZm‘² Xw…ImoÀN>oXmo@{n Anma‘m{W©H$Ed do{X{V KÅ>Hw$Q²>çm§ à^mV…. Z V¥Vr`…,VmXmËå`gå~ÝYoZ V`mo… A oXoVw ""Ah§ ~«ô‘ Apñ‘'' B{V d¥Î wn{hV~«ô‘mZÝXñ`{ZpIbÛ¡Vê$nXw…I{ZdmaH$ñ` Xw…I{ZdmaUmoÎma§ H$VH$aoUwdV² ñdVmo{Zd¥{Îmñd^mdoZVX²d¥Î`Zwn{hV~«ô‘mZÝXñ`m{n {Zd¥Î`mn{Îm… Xwdm©am VmXmËå`mV². Z MVwWm},^ oXm^ oXmä`m‘ ² A{Zd ©MZr`Ëd oV w EH$ñ` CnbãY` o Anaml`U o M{Z…e§H$àd¥{Îm{dKmVmnÎmo…. AW AÝ`Va`mo… nma‘m{W©H$Ëdmnma‘m{W©H$ËdoVwoXH$ënHw${j{Z{dï>V`m nyd©H$ënr`Û¡Vmn{Îmaod nwZ… Amn{VVm

ZM *""AmZÝXmo Z àH$meVo'' BË`od VmdX² Z A§Jr{H«$`Vo ‘m^yV² Mg§gmamoÀN>oXàg§J…, AmZÝXmd^mgo@{n An[apÀN>ÝZV`m Vñ` AZd^mgZmX²* B{VdmÀ`§, `V… g n[aÀN>oXmo@{n An[apÀN>ÝZñd^mdo ~«÷{U A{dÚmdaUnyd©H$moAÝ`Wm dm? Z{h AZmd¥Vo ~«÷{U n[aÀN>oXH$ënZm, AmdaU§ M Vpñ‘Z² n[apÀN>ÝZodm ñ`mX² An[apÀN>ÝZo dm? Z VmdX² AmÚ… AÝ`moÝ`ml`XmofmV². An[apÀN>ÝZoVw~«÷{U AmdaU§ {H$‘² AkmZn[aÀN>oXoZ AÝ oZ¡d hoVwZm dm? AkmZ‘{n Z VmdX²‘ybmkmZê$noU n[apÀN>ÝZ§ Vñ` kmZ`mdX²d¥{ÎmËdmdJ‘mV² VybmkmZê$noU Vpñ‘Z²n[aÀN>oXH$ënZmgå^do@{n VXwn{hVmX² AÝ`Ì An[apÀN>ÝZmZÝXàVr{V… An[ahm £d.V ybmkmZm on{hV o@{n AmZÝXmd^mgZj‘` ¡d AÝV…H$aUd ¥Ë`m Ord on[apÀN>ÝZmZÝXàVr{V… AÝ`Ì M AÝV…H$aUd¥Ë`^mdmXod AàVr{V… B{VAä wnJ‘mV². Z¡f Xmof… B{V MoX² Z, AÝV…H$aUEd AmZÝXmZw y{Vj‘Vm {H$‘²

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AÝV…H$aUñ` VXmH$ maJ «hUgm‘Ï` ©h oV wZm AÝ` oZ dm? àW‘ oV wAmZÝXmH$maJ«hUgm‘Ï`©dË`m Am{dÚH$d¥Ë`m{n AmZÝXmo Ad^mgoV. ZM*VXZd^mgo VXgm‘Ï`©Ed hoVw…, AkmZmZÝX`mo… nañna{damoYmX²* B{V dmÀ`§,{MXkmZ`moa{n nañna{damoYmV² M¡VÝ`‘{n Z Ad^mg oV. ZM ’$b~bH$ënZ ¡dg‘mYmZ§ wŠV§, naofm§ ‘Vo ’$bñ`m{n AÝ`WmonnmXZgå^dmV².

*ZZw gd©‘{n {d{MÌH$m`m}ËnmXhoVwê$noU A{dÚm‘mhmËå oZ {Zdm}Tw>§ eŠ`‘²*B{V MoX² Z, ewÕo ~«÷{U A{dÚmg§gJm©Zä wnJ‘mV². ZM *AZmÚm{dÚH$… Ibw"Aml`ml{`^md'-"{df`{df{`^mdm'»`Ed gå~ÝY…* B{V dmÀ`§, gAml`ml{`^mdm»`… gå~ÝYmo A{dÚmOÝ`mo dm VËà wŠVmo dm? ZmÚ… ì`mKmVmV².Z {ÛVr`mo, AÝ`moÝ`ml`XmofmZ{Vb§KZmV² VWm{h Aml`ml{`^mdà wŠVm ~«÷{UA{dÚm`m… {g{Õ…, ñdê$nmZm{X^ yVm`m… AZm{lVm`m… Vñ`m…VwÀN>d¡bjÊ`{Zê$nUmZh©ËdmV², gå~ÝYñ` M Añ`{h A{dÚmà wŠVËdmV² M.à`wŠVËdÄM VpËg{Õgmnoj{g{ÕH$Ëd‘od.

*ZZw CŠV§ gd©Ì AZm{XËdmX² Z CËnÎmm¡ AÝ`moÝ`ml`mo Zm{n kßVm¡{ZË`kmZ~«÷àH$mí`ËdmX²* B{V MoX², hÝV… H$mo{h Ed§ ~«dr{V kßVm¡ CËnÎmm¡ dmAÝ`moÝ`ml`… B{V. An[apÀN>ÝZkmZmZÝXmZd^mgmo {h {Z{d©eofo ~«÷{UAmdaUà` wŠV… CŠV…. VÀM AmdaU § ~ «÷{U "Aml`ml{`^md-{df`{df{`^mdm'»`oZ AZmÚ{dÚH$gå~ÝYoZ ñdrH¥$V‘². VÌ gå~ÝYñ`{Û{ZîR>ËdmV² gå~pÝYÝ`m… A{dÚm`m… M nwZ… VoZ¡d gå~ÝYoZ ~«÷{UJ¥hrVñdê$nËdmX², AÝ`Wm VwÀN>Ëd§ Vñ`m… Ho$Z {Zdm`}V, AVmo AÌ {hAÝ`moÝ`ml`m{^YmZo kßË wËnÎ`mo… AÝ`moÝ`mlXmof{ZdmaU‘² AàgŠVmZw{MÝVZ‘od.VW¡d {df`{df{`^mdm»`… gå~ÝYmo@{n Xw{Z©ê$nEd Aml`m{Zê$nUmV²,nydm}ŠVXmofmZ{Vb§KZmV² M.

{H$ÄM {MVmo AkmZ{df`Ëd§ Zm‘ qH$ (`)""~«÷ Z àH$meVo'' B{Vgd©OZmZw dgm{jH§$ ~«ô‘Umo AkmZ{df`Ëd‘²? B{V, `Ûm (a)A{dÚmH$pënV-{ZpIbKQ>nQ>m{X-{df`m{Yð>mZ^yVo M¡VÝ`o ""KQ>‘² Ah§ Z OmZm{‘'' B{VàË`j{gÕ‘² AkmZ{df`Ëd‘²? B{V, CV (b)""gwI‘² Añdmßg§ Z {H$pÄMX²AXdo{Xf‘²'' B{V gm¡fwpßVH$ñ‘¥{V{gÕmkmZ{df`Ëd§ dm? B{V, AWdm (d)""Ah‘²Akmo ‘m‘² AÝ § M Z OmZm{‘'' B{V OmJ«ËH$m{bH$mZw d{gÕmkmZ{df`Ëd§ dmñ`mX²? B{V.

Z (`)AmÚ… H$ënmo `mo½`mo, doXmÝVmÜ``ZmV² àmJ² ~mbmXrZm§ dm gwIm{XdX²""~«÷ Z àH$meVo'' B{V AnamojàË``m^mdmV² àË`jm{Xà‘mUmZm§ M~«÷mZZw^mdH$ËdoZ gwVam§ ~«÷{df`H$mkmZg‘n©Uo@{n Ag‘W©V¡d ‘ÝVì`m.BVaà‘mUkmVo ~«÷{U AkmZgmYZoVw kmVËdmXod Z VmdX² ~«ô‘mkmZ{g{Õ….à‘mUoZ à{‘Vmo@{n AWm} AkmV… B{VVw ""‘‘ ‘mVm dÝÜ`m''dX² {déÕ‘od.Ho$Z{MV² à‘mUoZ à{‘VËdo@{n BVaà‘mUmà{‘VËdoZ AkmVËdoVw ‘mojXem`m‘{nñdàH$meZê$ngmjmËH$magËdo@{n, {gÕgmYZËdoZ AZw{‘Vo… CX`m^mdmX²,AZ w {‘{Và‘mUmà{‘VËd oZ AkmZ{df`Ëd{gÕm ¡ A{Z‘m }jàg§J… M.‘hmdmŠ`m{Xà{‘VÝVw gd©Wm ^oXa{hV‘² Ag§H$sU©‘² ñdê$nM¡VÝ`‘odo{V Z VÌAkmZ‘{n à‘mVw§ eŠ oV. VÌ ""BXmZt kmV‘²'' BË`{n Z nyd©H$m{bH$‘² AkmZ§J‘ oX², `V… VWmËdoVw ""VV² Ëd‘² A{g'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&8&7) ""Ah§ ~«ô‘Apñ‘'' (~ ¥h.Cn.1&4&10) BË`m{X‘hmdmŠ`mZm‘{n Z{ZpIbÛ¡V~mYH$emãXà‘mê$nËd§ ñ`mV² {H$ÝVw lwVmWm©nÎmmdod n`©dgmZ§ ñ`mV².ZM Bï>mn{Îm… dmÀ`m, AWm©n{Îmê$nà‘md¥Îmo… {Z{d©H$ënH$ñdàH$meZo AZwd¥Îmo…Adí`‘ä` wn o`Ëd oZ VÌ à‘mÌ~mYmnÎm o … X w în[ahËdmV ² ,nydm©Z{YJVmoÎmam~m{YVmkmZ{Zd¥Îmo… à‘mnH$ËdmXod. AVmo ‘hmdmŠ`mW©ê$n§emãXà‘mU‘{n Z AkmZgmYZm` Ab‘². "" y íM AÝVo {díd‘m`m{Zd¥{Îm…''(ídoVm.Cn.1&10) BË`m{Xê$nm{U doXmÝVdmŠ`mÝ`{n AZ{YJV{df`H$ËdmXodAkmZkmnZm` Z g‘Wm©{Z.

Zm{n (a)-A{dÚmH$pënV-{ZpIbKQ>nQ>m{X-{df`m{Yð>mZ yVo M¡VÝ o ""KQ>‘²Ah§ Z OmZm{‘'' àmË`{jH$‘² AkmZ{df`Ëd‘²-B{V {ÛVr`… njmo@{n C{MV…,Vñ` ewÕM¡VÝ`{df`H$Ëdo nydm}ŠVmÝ od XyfUm{Z.

ZMm{n (b)""gwI‘² Añdmßg§ Z {H$pÄMX² Ado{Xf‘²'' B{V V¥Vr`… nj…,Vñ` àmk{df`H$ËdoVw AÝ`moÝ`ml`…. VWm{h gwfwßVm¡ AkmZ{df`ËdoZ àmk{g{Õ…,VV²{gÕo… M VX²{df`H$‘² AkmZ‘² B{V. gwfwßVm¡M AÝV…H$aUê$nmonmYo… A^mdmXodVXwn{hVËdoZ gm{jUmo@{n A^mdmX² Z VÌ AkmZñ` Z gm{jàË``doÚËd‘{n,AÝV…H$aU{d{eï>ñ` à‘mVwa{n A^mdmX² Z à‘mUdoÚËd‘{n. *ZZw àmkEd gmjr

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B{Vdm{XZm§ ‘Vo Hw$Vmo Z AkmZ{g{Õ…? B{V MoX² Z, Vñ`m{n ewÕËdo nydm}ŠVEdXmof…, gm¡fwpßVH$ñ` AmË‘Zmo AkmZñ‘aUdV² gdm©^oXñ‘aUmnÎmo… M ewÕñ`gdm©{^ÝZËdmV². ZM * oXH$mkmZmonmYo… gËdmX² Z gdm© oXñ‘aU‘²* B{V gmåàV§,oXH$monm{YgËdo ewÕËdm^mdmV². *ZZw BîQ>mn{Îm…* B{V MoX² Z, VX² AkmZ§ nwZ…

ewÕM¡VÝ`{df`H§$ dm, àmkmnan`m© gm{j{df`H§$ dm ñ`mX²? ZmÚ… ""JmT>§ ‘yT>moAh‘² Amg§, gwI‘² Ah‘² Añdmßg§, Z {H$pÄMX² Ado{Xf‘²'' B{V kmZo"" {ZË`mZÝXkmZ § Z à{V^mV‘ ²'' B{V àVrË`^mdmV ² . Z AÝË`…Cn{hVM¡VÝ`{df`H$Ëdo AkmZñ` ewÕM¡VÝ`{df`H§$ kmZ§ dm AkmZ‘² AmñWo ‘²?Z C^`Wm{n gå^d{V, gwf wßË` wÀN> oXmnÎm o… ì`mKmVàg§JmV ² M. ZMAkmZÛ`H$ënZ`m{n {Zdm©h…, VWm ñ‘aUm^mdmV² àVrË`^mdmV² M. EVoZewÕM¡VÝ`{df`H$ÝVw AkmZ§ ñ‘¥Vm¡ AVWm Ad^mV‘² BË`{n {ZañV‘².

*ZZw ‘mñVw gwfwßË`moÀN>oXmo AkmZÝVw ewÕñ`¡d ^dVw, `Vmo d¥Ë`mê$T>ñ`¡dVñ` {ZpIbXmof{ZdV©H$Ëdmä wnJ‘mX²* B{V MoX² Z, gm¡fwpßVH$mkmZg{hV§ kmZ§ewÕM¡VÝ`ê$n§ MoV² H¥$V§ VXm ‘mojoU, ewÕ{MVmo An[apÀN>ÝZkmZmZÝXñdê$nËdmV².*ZZw AkmZmon{hVñ` Ag§JmoXmgrZñdê$nñ` ñdàH$meñ` gm{jU… n[aÀN>oXmX²Z¡f Xmof…* B{V MoX² Z, AkmZmon{hVËd‘od AewÕËd‘² AÝ`ñ` A{Zê$nUr`ËdmV².

{H$ÄM ewÕM¡VÝ`§ VmdX² Ag§JmoXmgrZ§ ñdàH$meñdê$n‘² AkmZ§ M{MËg§gJ©àH$mí`‘² B{V gwfwßVm¡ OmJaUo M kmZmkmZ`mo… C^`moa{n gËdmV² {H${‘{V""kmZ‘od Z km`Vo'' B{V gm‘mÝ`oZ kmZmkmZo ^mgoVo? Hw$Vmo{h ""kmZ{damo{YVËàH$mí § mdê$n‘² AkmZ‘²'' B{V dXVm§ dm{XZm§ ‘Vo kmZmkmZo C oA{n gm{jJmoMaoZ dV…? {XVw *VÌ ‘V oXoZ àmkmdñWmonJ‘mX² Z gm{jM¡VÝ`JmoMao Vo kmZmkmZo,`Ûm C^`mo… EoŠ`mä`wnJ‘oVw VV² gå^dË`od* B{V CÀ`oV, VXm gwfwßVmd{nAkmVV`od kmVV`m{n gd©{df`mUm‘² Ad^mgZàgŠVo… gwfwpßV^§Jàg§J….

EV oZ AÝ` o@{n njm… : e wÕ‘ odAÝV…H$aUJV{MËà{V{~å~mË‘H$gd©Ordm{YîR>mZËdoZ àmßV oX§, XohÛ`mdpÀN>ÝZ§{MXm^mg{d{eîQ>mh§H$maê$nOrd§ Ord «‘m{YîR>mZm{Xê$n§ gm{jñdê$n§ à{VnmX`ÝV…,

gwfwßVm¡ CnmÜ`^mdmXod gm{jàË``doÚËd‘² AkmZñ` {ggmY{`fd… VÌAkmZàVr{V‘² AgmY`ÝV… njm… ì`m»`mVm… do{XVì`m….

AW (d)OmJ«ËH$mbrZo{h ""Ah‘² Akmo ‘m‘² AÝ § Z OmZm{‘''-""KQ>‘² Ah§Z OmZm{‘'' B{V MVwW©njmoŠVmZw^do {df`mdaH$mkmZ§ à{V{nnmX{`fV‘². VÌ{df`Û¡V§ ~«÷{U AkmZmdaUhoVwH§$, AZmd¥Vo {M{V Û¡VàVrË`^mdmX² B{VVX{^‘VàH$ma…. AÌ AmdaUm{^^dmW©dm{XZñVw {MXÜ`ñV{df`ñ` gd©XmàVr{VàgÄOZn[ahmam` {df`mdpÀN>ÝZm`m§ {M{V AkmZmdaU§ H$ën`pÝV. Vñ`VwZ gm{jdoÚËd§ gå^d{V, {dpÀN>ÝZXoeñWËdmX². AÝ`Wm AeofmUm§ à‘mV¦Um‘²AeofkËdàg§J….

Vñ‘mX ² {df`mdpÀN >ÝZ{MpÝZîR > mdaUVX{^^mdH o $ {h{df`mdpÀN>ÝZ{MX²J«m{hUm à‘mUoZ¡d J«hrVì o MoV², V{h© An{gÕmÝV…. Z B{VMoV² qH$ Zm‘ BX‘² AmdaU§? qH$ à‘mUH$‘²? B{V {Zê$nUr`‘².

VWm{h AÛ¡{VZm§ ‘Vo AkmZmd¥Vo ~«÷{U OJXÜ`mgmX² `X² ‘ybmdaU§ VXod{df`mdpÀN>ÝZ{MpÝZîR>mdaU‘² AmhmopñdX² AÝ`Xod? àW‘oVw à‘mUkmZoZAmdaU{Zd¥Îmm¡ gÚmo‘wpŠVàg§J…. AÝ`Xod VX§e yV‘² AkmZmdaU§ MoV², VpÝZd¥Îmmd{n‘ybmkmZH¥$Vñ` AmdaUñ` gX² mdmX² {df`ñ` {MËg§gJ©Ed Z ñ`mV².

{H$ÄM ‘ybmkmZñ` g‘pîQ>ê$nËdmV² VoZ AmdaUm§JrH$mao A§{eZ¡dAmdaUH$ënZm `wŠVm ZM A§eoZ. AñVw H$WpÄMÁkmZH$mb§ `mdX²{Zd¥ÎmmkmZmÝ`mkmZmZm§ ^rV^Q>dX² AngaU‘² B{V nj‘² Am{lË` Cnn{Îm….dñVwVñVw ‘ybmkmZñ` Z H$W‘{n AngaU§ gå^d{V, Zm{n ~«÷monm{Yê$n‘ybmkmZñ`{df`mdpÀN>ÝZ{MV… AmdaH$Ëd‘². Z Ibw AkmZmdaU§ Zm‘ VXwnYmZmX² AÝ`V²{H$pÄMX².

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g‘pîQ>ê$nËdm{X{V {df`mdpÀN>ÝZM¡VÝ`ñ` AmdaU‘od `Xm Z gå^d{V {H$‘wdmÀ`§ VXm VXngaUo VWm{n H¥$Ëdm{MÝV` {H$pÄMX² CÀ`Vo.

VWm{h ""XodXÎmmo Ah‘² Akmo ñdmË‘Zm A{^ÝZ§ ~«ô‘ dm, {^ÝZ§ dm ~«ô‘XÎm§,Jd § dm ~«ô‘ËdoZ ~«ô‘XÎmËdoZ Jd`ËdoZ dm Z OmZm{‘'' BË od§ {h AZw d{VAZZw^d{V dm XodXÎmo g{V VXr`ì`dhmaqbJoZ ""~«ô‘m{X{df`H$mkmZdmZ²XodXÎm…'' B{V kXÎmoZVw AZw‘mVw§ eŠ`‘od. AVmo{h Edå yVo CXmhaUo@{n XodXÎmd{V©AkmZÝVw Adí`‘od ñdrH$m`ª, `V… ñdV… H$Xm{MV² VmÑemZw^dm^mdo@{n~«ô‘m{X{df`H$kmZdVm kXÎmoZVw AZw‘mVw§ eŠ`ËdmX², kmZñ` A^mdñVw AÛ¡{V{^…AZ§JrH¥$VËdmV² M. ZM *boeVmo kmVo {deofV… M AkmVoVw mdê$nmkmZñdrH$mao@{ngd©W¡d AàH$m{eVoVw kmZm^mdEd AñVw* B{V gmåàV§, `Vmo{h kmZm^mdñ`gËdo Û¡Vmn{Îm…, AgÎdo AkmZñ` A^mdê$nVmn{Îm…, {‘Ï`mËdoVw A{dÚmH$m ©ËdoZn[aUmå wnmXmZmX² A oXhoVwZ¡d ^mdê$nmkmZmX² Z oXoZ kmZm^md{g{Õ…. g{VMEd§ àVrË`^mdo H$m dm Cnn{Îm… AÛ¡Vdm{X{^… Xr oV? AgÄOmVn[aM`mXod ZkmZ§ dŠVw§ eŠ`‘², AkmZÝVw {df`{ZîR>§ MoX², {dpÀN>ÝZXoeñWËdoZ {df`dXodAkmVgÎmmH§$ ñ`mV². VWmËdoVw ""{d‘V‘² AkmZ§ à‘mUJ«mh² ‘² AkmVgÎmmH$Ëdog{V mdËdmX² KQ>dX²'' B{V à‘mU{ZdË ©ñ` AkmZñ` {df‘m à‘mUdoÚËdmn{Îma{n.

VÀM AkmZ§ Ibw AmË‘{ZîR> § MoV², gm{j^mñ`§ gV² àVr`mXod.à‘mUm^mñ`ËdoVw VËgmYH$à‘mUì`mh{V… gwpñWa¡d.

ZM *{df`mdpÀN >ÝZ{MX ² {df{`Ê`m à‘mUd ¥Î`m ^mñ`ÝV wVXdpÀN>ÝZ{MX{Yð>mZH§$ {df`‘od, Z nwZ… VX²{df`mdaH$‘² AkmZ‘{n,VpÝZdË`©ËdmX od. Vñ‘mX² X odXÎmmdpÀN>ÝZ{MX²{df{`Ê`m à‘mUd¥Î`mXodXÎmmdpÀN>ÝZ{MX{Yð>mZH$ñ` XodXÎmñ ¡d mZ§ ZVw XodXÎm{Zð>ñdna{df`H$mZm‘²AkmZmZm‘{n. Vofm§ `kXÎm{Zð>à‘mUd¥Î`m ^mñ`Ëdo@{n Z ñd`§ XodXÎmoVWm^yVmkmZmZm § ^mZ{Z`{V…* B{V gmYw, `Xm `kXÎm oZ XodXÎm § à{VnamWm©Zw‘mZà`moJ… {H«$`Vo VXm g XodXÎmmo@{n ñdpñ‘Z² ~«ô‘m{X{df`H$‘² AkmZ‘²AZw d{V, AZw d{V M ""EVmdËH$mbn ©ÝV§ {h ‘‘ ~«ô‘m{Xê$n§ {df`‘² AkmV§~«ô‘m{X{df`H§$ ‘Xr`‘² AkmZ‘{n ‘‘ A^mV‘od AmgrX²'' B{V ñnï>‘² AkmZñ`m{n

gmú`^mñ`Ëd§ à‘mU^mñ`Ëd§ Mo{V ì`mKmV…. AkmZgmYH$mZw‘mZm{XH$‘²AmH$aoîd{n ~hþYm CnbãY‘odo{V Hw$Vmo Z AkmZñ` à‘mU^mñ`Ëd‘²?

namojà‘mUoZ AkmZgmYZo {h AkmZ{df`H$‘² AgÎdmnmXH$mdaU§ {ZdV©VoCV A^mZmnmXmH$mdaU‘²? C^`Wm{n ko`mkmZmdaH$mkmZ`mo…{h EoŠ`oVw{df`mZd^mgmo AZ¡Š o AÝ`moÝ`ml`mZdñWm{XXmofm….

VÀM AmdaUmË‘H§$ {h AkmZ§ nwZ… AkmVgÎmmH$ËdoZ Aä`wnJå`Vo MoV²VÌm{n AmdaUmÝVaoU ^{dVì`§ VÀMm{n kmV§ dm AkmV§ dm? kmV§ MoX²,AkmVËdY‘©{d{eîQ>§ àW‘mkmZ‘{n ""EVmdËH$mbn ©ÝV§ ‘`m ‘XkmZ§ Z kmV‘od''B{V àVr`mXod. AkmV§ MoV² VÌm{n AmdaUmÝVa‘² B{V AZdñWmXm¡ñÏ`‘{n gwñW‘od.

gd©WmM B‘m ¡ ñ‘¥Ë`Zw^dm ¡ gd©Ì (a)kmVgÎmmH$m ¡ gm{jàË``doÚm ¡(Am)AkmVgÎmmH$m¡ à‘mUdoÚm¡ dm ñ`mVm‘²? à‘mU‘{n (Am/1)AmË‘{df`H$‘² (Am-

2)AZmË‘{df`H§$ dm? AmË‘{df`H$‘{n à‘mU§ ewÕM¡VÝ`{df`H§$ (Am/1/

H$)‘hmdmŠ`m{Xê$n§ emãX‘² AWdm (Am/1/I)"" y íM AÝVo {díd‘m`m{Zd¥{Îm…''(`Wmnydm}ŠV‘²) BË`m{XdmŠ`ê$n§ dm? (Am/2)AZmË‘{df`H$Ëdo@{n (Am/2/H$)"AZmË‘'nXoZKQ>nXmXo… J«hU‘² AWdm (Am/2/I)KQ>m{X{df`mdpÀN>ÝZM¡VÝ`ñ` dm A{^àoV‘²?

àH$mamÝVaoUm{n {H$pÄMX² CÀ`Vo : VWm{h ‘ybmkmZoZ AmdaU‘² B{V {H$‘²A§{eê$noU dm A§eê$noU dm? VXÝ`Vañ`m{n M AeofmdaU{Zd¥{Îm… CV A{^ yVV`m^rV^Q>dX² AngaU‘od dm?

VÌ A§{eZmo{h AmdaUñ` Aeof{Zd¥{Îm… B{V AmÚmÚnjo gÚmo‘wpŠVàgpŠV….AW A§{eZ… AmdaUñ` A{^^doZ ^rV^Q>dX² AngaUê$no AmÚ{ÛVr`njo{df`{djonñ` AmdaUà wŠVËdo {df`ñ`m{n Vñ‘mV² ñWmZmX² AngaU§ Xwdm©a‘².{djonm§e§ VÌ¡d n[aË`Á` AÝ`Ì Xoeo AngaUoVw AZdYmZà wŠVmZdJV{df`mUm‘{n^mZ§ àgÁ oV. A§e yVñ` AmdaUñ` Aeof{Zd¥{Îmê$no {ÛVr`mÚnjoVw qH$ {df`XoeoAeofmdaU{Zd¥Îmm¡ gd}fm‘{n H¥$Vo {df`mnmamoú`mn{Îm…. Aml`Xoeo AeofmdaU{Zd¥Îmm¡Vw {df`Xoemg§{ZYmZmX² {dñ‘aUmX² dm Om`‘mZñ` nwZ… AkmZñ` AZwnn{Îm….A§eê$nmdaUñ` AngaUê$no {ÛVr`{ÛVr`njo@{n {df`XoemX² AngaUo nydm}ŠV¡d

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AZd{hV‘Zgm‘{n VXmnmamoú`mn{Îm…. Aml`XoemX² AngaUo@{n nydm}ŠVo{df`Xoemg§{Z{Yà wŠV§ dm {dñ‘aUà wŠV§ dm Om`‘mZ§ nwZ… AkmZ‘² AZwnnÚoV.

{H$ÄM C^`mo… nj`mo… AkmZñ` AmdaU‘mÌm§e‘² AmXm` Ed§ {d‘e©… H¥$V….AW {djonm§eñ`m{n AmdaUà`wŠVËdoZ AmdaU{Zd¥Î`ngaU`mo… H$`mopíMX{nH$ën`mo… g‘mZÝ`m`oZ A{dÚm{Zd¥Îmmd{n Û¡Vm{Zd¥{Îm… AmnÚoV. ZM*àmaãYH$‘©Ý`m oZ Vñ` ñdVEd {Zd¥{Îm… A§JrH$m`m©* B{V dmÀ §, Om`m‘mZm{nAkmZ{Zd¥{Îm… {Zd¥{Îmà{V`mo{JZmo {‘Ï`mËdoZ AkmZH$pënVV`m nwZ… {H$pÄMX²AkmZ‘² AnojVB{V KÅ>Hw$Q²>çm§ à^mV…

{H$ÄM {djonà`wŠV‘² AmdaU‘² CV AmdaUà`wŠVmo {djon…? AmÚo{djonm{Zd¥Îmm¡ AmdaUm{Zd¥Î`mn{Îm…. AÝË`o AmdaUà`wŠVËdoZ {djonñ`AmdaU{Zd ¥Î m m ¡ H o $Zm {n h oV wZm AZ wd ¥ { Î m… AeŠ` ¡d. eŠ`Ëd oV wAmdaUà`wŠVËdmZwnn{Îm…. AW C^`mo… BVaoVaà`wŠVËdoVw C^`m§e{Zd¥Î`^mdoA{dÚm{Zd¥Î`Zwnn{Îm…. AW *Ibo H$nmoVÝ`m oZ BVaoVaà wŠVm¡ EVm¡ A{dÚm§em¡AZm{X{gÕm¡* B{V MoV², VXm{n ‘mOm©arXe©ZoZ IbmV² H$nmoVmoËßbdZÝ`m oZ C^`moa{nA{dÚm§e`mo… gh¡d ghgm AnJ‘mo dmÀ`mo ZVw A{Yð>mZkmZoZ AmdaU{Zd¥Î`ÝVa§{djon{Zd¥{Îm… B{V.

{H$ÄM gm{j^mñ`ñ` AkmZñ` gÎd o àñVm{dV § à‘mU §AZ{YJVm~m{YVmW©{df`H$V`m àm‘mÊ`‘² AíZwVo MoV² nwZ… AkmZmnojm. VVíMAkmZmdaUm` Ano{jV§ VX² AkmZê$nmdaU§ nwZ… ñdoZ¡d dm AkmZmÝVaoU dm?VX{n "VÎmX²XoeH$mb{d{eîQ>KQ>m{Xê$n-VÎmX²{df`‘mÌ{df`H$‘²' B{V {deofUoZ{d{eï>‘² AZoH$‘²? AmhmopñdV² gm‘mÝ oZ gd©dñVwOmV{df`H$‘² EH$‘od? VÌZmÚ…, ñ‘mX² {df`Xoe§ n[aË`Á` AÝ`Ì AnJV§ {Zd¥Îm§ dm VÌñW{df`‘² Amd¥Um{VZ dm? VÌ Amd¥Um{V MoV² VXm KQ>kmZg‘`o gm{jUm kmZd¥Ë`m gH$bKQ>-KQ>oVagH$bdñVwZmoa{n Ad^mg… qH$ Z ñ`mV²? AWm{n ñ`mX² *`Wm ì`mnH$‘{nJmoËd§ Jmoì`pŠV§ n[aË`Á` Aído Z àVr`Vo VWm VX²KQ>mX² AÝ`Ì pñWV‘{ngH$bKQ>mkmZmdaU§ gH$bKQ>-KQ>oVagH$bdñËdg§g¥îQ>ËdmX² Z ñdr`d¥Ë`m gm{jUoVX²KQ>oVa§ {ZdoX oV², VX²KQ>oVa{df{`H$m… ñdH$s`m… d¥Îmr… {dZm* B{V, VX² AgmYw,

KQ>mkmZñ` ñd{df`mdaU§ VmdV² ñd^md…. VÌ AkmZ{df`r^yVo KQ> oVÎmÔoeH$mbñdê$n^oXñ` AZd^mgZmX² VXkmZo@{n VWm{dY^oXñ` ^mZ§ ZAä wnJÝVw§ eŠ`‘². AW AkmZ{deofñ` ^mZ§ `{X AkmZmdaU§ {dZm{n gå^doV²VXm KQ>ñ`m{n ^mZo AkmZmdaH$m§eH$ënZm d¥W¡d. VÌm{n *ñdmd¥V{df`XoeñW‘odgX² VX² Amd¥Um{V ZM AVÔoeñW§ gX²* B{V MoV², VXgå^{d AmË‘ml`mX²AÝ`moÝ`ml`mV² M. VWm{h ""{df`XoeñW§ gX² Amd¥Um{V ZM AÝ`Wm'' B{V `X²CŠV§ VÌ {df`XoeopñW{Va{n VmdX² Z {df`mdaU‘² AÝVaoU gå^d{V, AÝ`WmkmZmngaUH$ënZmd ¡`Ï` ª H o $Z {Zdm` }V. Z {ÛVr`…, KQ >kmZ oZgd©dñVw{df`H$mkmZ{Zd¥Îmm¡ BpÝÐ`m{XgpÝZH$fm©^mdoZ AnamojàË``mZwËnÎmmd{nnamojàË``mn{ÎmñVw An[ahm }d. dú`Vo M Cn[aîQ>mX² Aml`XoeñWmkmZ{Zd¥Îmmd{n{df`XoeñWmkmZH¥$VmdaUgX² mdmX² AnamojàË``mZwËn{Îm…. A§eê$noU AmdaU‘²BË oVñ`Vw níMmX² AmdaUm§eoZ {djonm§eoZ dm B{V {dH$ënZmH$ënofw AH$ënZr`ËdoZ{da‘m‘Ed {dñVamV².

*ZZw ""ËdXwŠV‘² AWª Z OmZm{‘'' B{V AZw^d{gÕ‘od AmdaUmË‘H$‘²AkmZ‘² B{V {gÕñ` H$W§ Zw Anbmn…? VWm{h ""Z OmZm{‘'' BË`ñ`AW©kmZm^mdoVw ""Z OmZm{‘'' BË`{n Z ñ`mX² AmdaUnjm§JrH$maoVw AW©… Amd¥VBË`od ^d{V. VÀM AmdaU§ gm{j^mñ`‘². AVEd AW©ñ` gd©Wm Amd¥VËdo""AWª Z OmZm{‘'' BË`{n Z ñ`mX² B{V Z e§H$Zr`‘²; AkmVËdY‘©{d{eîQ>ñ`Vñ` gm{jUm ^mñ`Ëd‘² B{V A§JrH$mamX²* B{V MoX²-

Z, ""ËdXwŠV‘² AWª Z OmZm{‘'' BË`mXm¡ AkmZñ` `X² AmdaU§ VV² {H$‘²AWm ©dpÀN >ÝZ{MpÝZð >‘ ² CV AÝV…H$aUm on{hV{MpÝZð > § dm? ZmÚ…{df`mdpÀN>ÝZ{MpÝZîR>mdaUñ` gm{jUm ^mgmgå^dmX², Z{h gm{jM¡VÝ`ñ`An[apÀN>ÝZËd‘² A§Jr{H«$`Vo, oZ {df`mdpÀN>ÝZ{MVmo Añ`m… A oX… ñdm^m{dH$…ñ`mV², n[apÀN>ÝZmÝV…H$aUmon{hVËdmV². ZM *M¡VÝ`m§eoZ A oXñ`m{n gËdmX² ZAZ wnn{Îm…* B{V g‘rMrZ § , VWm g{V {df`mdpÀN >ÝZ{MXmdaU‘ ²AZmd¥Vgm{jUmo@{n A§JrH¥$V§ ñ`mV². ZM BîQ>mn{Îm…, gm{jU… AmdaUm§JrH$maoVñ` ""kmVgÎmmH$gwIXw…Imh§H$mamX¡… {ZË`md^mg‘² AZmd¥V§ M¡VÝ § gm{j'' B{Vñdê$n§ hr`oV. Z{h AZmd¥VoZm{n VoZ AmdaUmd^mg… gå^dXwpŠVH$…,

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à‘mV¥à‘o m{XM¡VÝ`ñ`m{n M¡VÝ`ñdê$nV`m A{deofoU AZmd¥VËdgå^dmV². *ZZwVÎmXwnmÜ`wn{hV‘od Vofm‘² Amd¥VËdo J‘H$‘²* B{V MoV², gmYw ~«dr{f,VÎmXwnmÜ`d^mgH$Ëd‘od M¡VÝ`ñ` Cn{hVËd§ Zm‘ BË`oVñ` AgH¥$X ²AmdoXZr`ËdmV². VWmM AÝV…H$aUmon{hVñ`¡d

gm{jËd‘² B{V njoVw {dpÀN>ÝZXoeñWËdmXod Z Ad^mg oV. AÝ`Ìm{n MgwIXw…Im{Xgm§H$ ©n[ahmam` Adí`‘od Cnm{YH¥$Vn[aÀN>oXmo Aä wno B{V A`‘od~mYH$….

AWm{n ñ`mX² *{df`mdaH§$ {h AkmZ‘² AÝV…H$aUmon{hVo gm{jÊ`odAZm{XdmgZmdemX² kmVgÎmmH$mZ² AÝV…H$aUY‘m©Z² {dhm`¡d {eîQ>mZ² {df`mZ²Amd¥Um{V B{V Z Xmof… H$mo@{n* B{V VXoVX² Ag‘r{jVm{^YmZ‘². VWm{hAÝV…H$aUmon{hVM¡VÝ`{ZîR>‘² AkmZ§ qH$ g‘pîQ>ê$n§ ì`mnH$‘² CV ì`pîQ> yV‘²?AmÚo@{n qH$ {df`mdpÀN>ÝZ{MpÝZîR>mkmZmX² {^ÝZ§ Z dm? A^oXo{n Vo C^o{ZpIbànÄMmonmXmZ yV‘ybmkmZmX² {^ÚoVo Z dm?

Z VmdX² AÝV…H$aUmon{hVM¡VÝ`{ZîR> § g‘{ï>ê$n§ ì`mnH$‘² AkmZ§{df`mdpÀN>ÝZM¡VÝ`{ZîR>mkmZmX² {^ÝZ‘² B{V àW‘mÚnj…, AÝV…H$aUmon{hVon[apÀN>ÝZo gm{j{U g‘pîQ>^yVmkmZñ` Am{lVËdmgå^dmX², AÝ`Wmg‘pîQ> yVmkmZmd¥Vñ` Aeofñ` dñVwZmo Ad^mgH§$ n[apÀN>ÝZ§ gm{j ñ`mX² B©ídadV².Z{h H$ñ`{MX² dñVwZmo {df o namojmnamojmÝ`VakmZ§ {dZm ""VXkmZdmZ² Ah‘²''B{V àË``mo AZw y Vo. Vñ‘mX² AkmVo@{n dñVw{Z, gm‘mÝ`Vmo kmVEd {deofV…M nwZ… AkmVo VX²dñVw{df{`Ur AkmZd¥{Îm… CXo{V. Z Vñ‘mV² VÎmËgm{jM¡VÝ`ñ`AkmZd¥Î`m{n B©ídadV² gdm©d^mgH$Vm dŠVw§ `wŠVm. {H$ÄM VV² g‘pîQ>ê$n‘²AkmZ§ gd©H$mbrZ§ gd©dñVw{df`H$‘² EH$‘²? VÎmH$mbrZ-VÎmX²dñVw{df`H$‘²AZoH$‘²? ZmÚ‘² EVmÑemkmZmX² Akr yVñ` {MV… gmd©k² mnmXZoZ XÎmmoÎmaËdmV².Z {ÛVr § gm‘mÝ`KQ>mkmZñ` VX²KQ>{df`H$ËdmZZwgÝYmZmgå^dmX² Z VX²KQ>kmZoZgm‘mÝ`KQ>mkmZ{Zd¥{Îm… gå^d{V. AÝ`Wm VXkmZ{Zd¥Îmm¡ wJnËgd©‘² Ad^mgo{X{VZ àW‘{dH$ënmoŠVXmofmX² A{V[aÀ`Vo. Z V¥Vr`§ n[apÀN>ÝZo KQ>ê$no dñVw{Zg‘pîQ>^yVì`mnH$mkmZ{df`Ëdñ` à`moOZm^mdmV² n[apÀN>ÝZ{df`Ho$Z kmZoZ

{Zd¥Ë`gå^dmV² M. {H$ÄM Añ` AÝV…H$aUm on{hV{MpÝZîR>mkmZñ`{df`mdpÀN>ÝZ{MpÝZîR>mkmZVmo oXo à‘mUd¥Ë`m {H$‘² EH$Vañ` H$ñ`{MX² {Zd¥{Îm…CV C^`mo…? ZmÚ‘² EH$VamkmZ{Zd¥Îmmd{n AÝ`VaoU AkmZoZ H¥$Vñ` AmdaUñ`gX² mdgå^dmX² KQ>m{XH§$, hÝV, àVr oV Z¡d dm àVr oV ZM AÝË § à‘mUd¥{Îm…{h BpÝÐ`m{XÛmam ~{h{Z©J©Ë` {df`Xoe§ ì`mßZwdVr {df`XoeñW‘od AkmZ§ {ZdV© oVZ nwZ… AÝV…H$aUmon{hVgm{j{MpÝZð>‘². AWm{n ñ`mX² d¥Ë`dÀN>oXoZ gm{j{MVmoa{nAnH$f©ÝVr VËñW‘{n AkmZ§ hÝ oV B{V. ZZw ^mo H$WÝZw hÝ oV? `mdVm VV…nyd©‘od VÁOKm§{gVmkmZH$ënZm‘m̧ {dH$ënÌ oU gm{j{U Z hV§ MoV²?

VÌ A{^à oV… IÊS >ZàH$mañV w `{XAÝV…H$aUmon{hVgm{j{MpÝZîR>g‘pîQ>^yVmkmZ§ OJXwnmXmZ^yV§ MoX² {ZdË`}V;KQ>kmZoZ¡d {dídZmeàg§J…. AW A§eH$ënZ`m ì`pîQ>^yV‘{n AÝV…H$aUñ`CnmXmZ§ MoV² à‘mV¥Zmeàg§J…. AW {df`monmXmZ§ MoX² {df`Ed Zí`oV, AWAÝV…H$aUm onmXmZ^ yVñ`m{n {df`mdaH$ m §e‘ od B{V M oX ² ,{df`m onmXmZ^ yVmkmZH ¥ $VmdaUmZmemX ² {df`m o Z ¡d àH$me oV, EV oZ{df`monmXmZm yVmÝV…H$aUoZ Cn{hV{MXmdaH$m§emkmZ{Zd¥{Îma{n AnmñVo{V AÝVVmoJËdm {df`mÝV…H$aU`mo… {djonm §eoZ `X² CnmXmZ^yV‘² AkmZ§ Vñ`¡dAmdaUmË‘H$m§eoZ {df`mÝV…H$aUmdpÀN>ÝZM¡VÝ`{df`H$m¡ `XmdaUm§em¡ V`moaod{Zd¥{Îm[a{V dŠVì`‘². VÎmw AÝV…H$aUmon{hVmg§JmoXmgrZñdàH$meM¡VÝ`gm{jU…Amd¥VËdm^mdoZ AÝV…H$aUmon{hVËdmZwnnÎ`m CŠV§; dú`Vo M {df`mdpÀN>ÝZñ`M ¡VÝ`ñ` AmdaUmgå^dm o AJ « o . EV oZAÝV…H$aU{df`mon{hV{MpÝZîR>mkmZm^oXnjmo@{n ì`m»`mV….

`Îmw A{^ÝZ`mo… AZ`mo… {ZpIbÛ¡VmonmXmZ yV‘ybmkmZoZ oXm oXo {dH$ën…,VÌ oXo An{gÕmÝVmn{Îm… g‘pîQ> yVñ` EH$Ëdmä wnJ‘mX², A oXoVw g‘pîQ> yVñ`KQ>m{XOJXwnmXmZ yVñ ¡d AkmZñ` KQ>mÚmdaH$Ëdo ~«÷kmZmV² nydª {Zd¥Ë`gå^dmV²H$Xm{n KQ>mXo… àH$memo Z ñ`mV². *ZZw Vñ`m{n A§eoZ {dJ‘o KQ>m{XH§$ Hw$Vmo ZàVr`oV?* B{V MoX² Z B{V ~«y‘mo, `Vmo{h g‘pîQ>^yVmkmZoZ Amd¥Vñ` A§eoZ{dJ‘… B{V {H$‘²? A§eoZ Amd¥Îm… MoX² A§emo {ZdË ©Vm‘². g‘pîQ>ZmVw Amd¥Vog‘pîQ>aod {ZdV©Zr`m, AÝ`Wm àH$memgå^dmV².

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*ZZw g{dÌmdaH$ñ` g‘ñVñ`m{n ‘oKñ` A§eoZ {Zd¥Îmm¡ VËàH$meñ`¡dÑîQ>MaËdmV² H$W‘² Ed‘²?* B{V MoX², Ed‘od A§JrH$V©ì`‘². VWm{h g‘pîQ> yVmkmZoZqH$ gm‘mÝ oZ g‘ñVñ` AmdaU‘² AmhmopñdV² àË oH§$ ì`ñVñ`? Z AmÚ… gm‘mÝ oZg‘ñVñ` Vñ` EH$ñ` AmdaH$Ëdo ì`ñVñ` àË`oH§$ KQ>m{Xê$nñ` VX§e^yVoZì`îQ>çkmZê$noU¡d AmdaU§ ñ`mX², ‘ybmkmZñ` {Za§eËdm^mdmV². VWmM ì`mKmV….{ÛVr oVw A§ekmZmZm‘² B § g‘pîQ>… {H$‘² AZoH¡$… g§hVm EH$m AZoH$m dm? `{XEH$m B{V MoV² VXm nQ>{df`H$mkmZo AkmVV`m KQ>mo@{n Ad^mgoV. AWAZoH$ËdnjoVw H$W§ Vñ` g‘pîQ>Ëd§? qH$ 1KQ>m{XàË`oH${df`gå~Õ-g‘ñVH$mbm{Xgå~Õ-VÎmXkmZ-g‘ yhEd g‘pîQ > … 2CVdñVw‘mÌ{df`H$mkmZg‘yhmo? Z AmÚmo `ñ‘mV² à‘mUd¥Ë`m {h g‘pîQ>… {ZdË }VCV VX§e yVm ì`pîQ>…? Z AmÚmo {dî`ËH$mb{d{eîQ>ñ`m{n KQ>ñ` Anamojmd^mg…ñ`mX², dV©‘mZ{df`H$à‘mUd¥Ë ¡d Vñ` {Zdm[aVËdmV².

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192 193

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VËd¡Š o@{n CnMmaV… àH$meà^`mo… oXmo Wm EoŠ o@{n g‘wÀ`Vo, gy m©Vnà oXmo@{n`ÛX² ~«÷{U V{ÛY…'' (VÎdà^m.571-73). 4.dMZm.da.à.18, {e.n.108-109. 5.amYmH¥$îUZr wJb CnmgZm AmnUZo dëb^mMm © {Zå~mH$m©Mm © M¡VÝ`‘hmà w gyaXmg Zaqgh ‘ram dJoaoE erIdr N>o. wJb CnmgZmZo VoZm loîR> AZoewÕ ñdê$no ^JdmZ² ñdm{‘Zmam`Uo g‘Omdr N>o. Vo‘Uo H$ô w§ N>o Ajaê$n WB©ZonwéfmoÎm‘Zr ^pŠV H$adr. nwéfmoÎm‘ ^JdmZ² ñdm{‘Zmam`UZr Vo‘Zm CÎm‘^ŠVAjaJwUmVrVmZÝXñdm‘r gmWoZr CnmgZmZo ^JVOr ‘hmamO emñÌrOr ‘hmamOAZo dV©‘mZ H$mio à‘wI ñdm{‘OrÛmam nmofU ‘ë`w§ N>o ("ñdm{‘Zmam`UZJa'85V‘o dfu`‘hmoËgdñ‘m[aH$mn¥.14). 6.dMZm.J.‘.50. 7.(-). 8.""g B‘‘odAmË‘mZ§ ÛoYm AnmV`V²'' (~¥h.Cn.1&4&3), ""VXoVV² Ì`§ gX² EH$‘² A`‘²AmË‘m A`‘² EH$… gZ² EVV² Ì`‘²'' (~¥h.Cn.1&6&3). 9.""EH${dkmZoZ gd©‘²BX§ {dkmV§ ^d{V'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.3-6&2&3) B{V lw{VdMZH$Xå~H§$ EH${dkmZoZgd©{dkmZgmYH$Ëd{df`o à‘mU‘². 10.b`{Zê$nH$m{U Vw dMZm{Z"""VÁObmZ²'B{V emÝV CnmgrV'' (N>mÝXmo.Cn.3&14&1), ""`V² à`pÝVA{^g§ {depÝV (V ¡ {Îm.Cn.3&1) ""àOm`ÝV o VÌ M ¡d A{n`pÝV''(‘ wÊS > .Cn.2&1&1). 11.~ «ô‘OJVm o … A^ oXgmYH$mZm §OJÁOÝ‘mÚml`ËdmonmXmZËdH$V¥©Ëdm{XY‘m©Um§ {Zê$nH$m{U dMZm{Z : ""VÕ¡H$Amhþ… AgXod BX‘² AJ«o AmgrV². H$W‘² AgV… gX² Om oV gËdod Ibw, gm¡å`,BX‘² AJ«o AmgrX² EH$‘od A{ÛVr`‘². VX² EojV "~hþ ñ`m§ àOm`o`' B{V''(N>mÝXmo.Cn.6&2&2), ""`Vmo dm B‘m{Z yVm{Z Om`ÝVo... V² à`pÝV A{^g§{depÝVVX² {d{Okmñd VX² ~«ô‘'' (V¡{Îm.Cn.3&1), ""VX² AmË‘mZ§ ñd`‘² AHw$éV''(V¡{Îm.Cn.2&7) ""`Wm CU©Zm^r... VWm AjamV² gå^d{V Bh {díd‘²''(‘wÊS>.Cn.1&1&7) BË od‘mX`…. 12.""~«ô‘ dZ§ ~«ô‘ g d¥j AmgrX² `VmoÚmdmn ¥ {Wdr {Zï >Vj w …... ~ «ô‘ AÜ`{Vð >X ² ^ wdZm{Z Yma`Z ² ''(V¡{Îm.~«mô‘.2&8&9&7). 13.""VX² Amhþ… Aja§ ~«÷ gd©H$maUH$maU§ {dîUmo…Ym‘'' (^mJ.nwam.3&41&1), ""`X² JËdm Z {ZdV©ÝVo VX² Ym‘ na‘§ ‘‘''(^J.JrVm.15&6) 14.^moŠVm ^mo½ § ào[aVma§ M ‘Ëdm gdª àmoŠV§ {Ì{dY§ ~«ô‘EVV² (ídoVm.Cn.1&12). 15.VÕ BX§ V{h© Aì`mH¥$V‘² AmgrV² VX² Zm‘ê$nmä`m‘odì`m{H«$`V "Agm¡Zm‘m A §' "BX§ê$n' B{V... gEf Bh à{dï>… (~¥h.Cn.1&3&7),`X² d¡ {H$ÄMZ AZyŠV§ Vñ` gd©ñ` "~«ô‘' B{V EH$Vm (~¥h.Cn.1&5&17).16.dMZm.J.à.45. 17. lra.‘.Xdo{bpIV "X ^ŠV-^JdmZ² [aboeZ{en'

194 195

n ¥ .124-5. 18.dMZm.J.à.41. 19.dMZm.J.à.51,J.à.41.20."""EoVXmËå`‘² BX§ gd©‘²' B{V OS>ñ` gd©ñ`m{n VXmË‘H$Ëd‘² CŠV‘²...Ordñ`m{n Amh "VV ² Ëd‘ ² A{g' B{V'' (VÎdm.Xr.{Z~.1&61).21.VÎdà^m.4&557-560. 22.~ ¥h.Cn.3&7&3-23.23.{ÛeVmpãX‘hmoËgMMm©Jmoð>r‘| ‘m¡pIH$ ì`m»`mZ. 24.~¥h.Cn.3&8&7-8.B©em.Cn.8. 25.gw~m.Cn.2. 26.gw~m.Cn.1.

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A

"›'H$maíM "AW'eãXíM... 7(?)A§emo ZmZmì`nXoemV² ... 22,51,81(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&3&43)Aj‘m ^dV… H$m... 116(~¥hXmaÊ`H$em§H$a^mî`dm{V©H$‘² : 1&4&1219)Aja§ ~«÷ na‘§... 204(^JdX²JrVm : 8&3)AjamX{n M CÎm‘ : ... 138(^JdX²JrVm : 15&18)AIÊS§> H¥$îUdV² gd©‘² ... 13,17,66(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 2&182)AOm‘² EH$m‘²... 154(‘hmZmam`Umon{ZfX² : 9&2)AOm`‘mZmo ~hþYm... 200(V¡{Îmar`maÊ`H$‘² : 3&13&3)AOmo@{ngZ² Aì``mË‘m... 200(^JdX²JrVm : 4&6)AkËd§ nmadí § M... 41(nX²‘nwamU‘² : & & )AUw…-~¥hV², H¥$e…-ñWybmo... 62(‘hm^maV‘² : 13&135&103)

196 197

AUmo… AUr`mZ² ‘hVmo... 45,68,88,89(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 1&2&20)AV… na§ Z AÝ`X² ... 48(‘hmZmam`Umon{ZfX² : 1&5)AVmo AÝ`X² AmV©‘² ... 129(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&4&2)AVmo Apñ‘ bmoHo$ doXo M... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 15&18)AÌm{n doX{ZÝXm`m‘² ... 8(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 2&216)AWmV AmXoemo "Z'B{V-"Z'B{V ... 43,66(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 2&3&6)AWmVmo ~«ô‘{Okmgm... 67,99,142,199(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&1)AÑí`Ëdm{XJwUH$mo... CnmoX²(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&2&21)AÐoí`‘² AJ«mø‘² ... 44,48(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 1&1&6)A{ÛVr`... 91(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&1)A{YJV{^Xm... 153({gÕmÝVboeg§J«h‘§JbmMaU‘²)A{Yð>mÌÝVam^mdmo@{n... 171(em§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&4&23)AÜ`mgmo Zm‘ AVpñ‘Z² ... CnmoX²(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&1)

AZÝV‘y{V© VX² ~«÷ {h... 48,68(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&26)AZmJV‘² AVrV§ M... 108,109(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&58&21)A{Z{‘Îmm ^mJdVr ^pŠV … ... 8,25(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 3&25&33)AZw y{V… AdoÚm... 133(Ý`m`{gÕmÄOZ‘² : 3&57)AZoH$~mhÿXadŠÌZoÌ‘² ... 55(^JdX²JrVm : 11&16)AÝV: à{dï>§ H$Vm©a‘² ... 140({MÎ wn{ZfX² : 11&3)AÝVñVX²Y‘m©... 89(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&19)AÝ`Ì‘Zm A yd§ Z... 8(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 1&5&3)AÝ`moÝ`Y‘m©Z² M... 116(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&1)AnamYghò^mOZ§ AJqV.. CnmoX²(AmidÝXmañVmoÌ‘² : 48)Anm{UnmXmo OdZmo J«hrVm... 9,44,45,62,68,73,89(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 3&19)A{n MoV² gwXwamMmamo... 24(^JdX²JrVm : 9&30)A{n g§amYZo àË`jmZw‘mZmä`m‘² ... 48(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&24)

198 199

A{nM Šd{MX² Jm¡U : ... CnmoX²(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&7)A{nM ~mô`mW©... 153(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&2&32)A{nM `Wm gm¡å`...àg§JmV²M 129(ì`mg{gÕmÝV‘mVm©ÊS>… : 2&n¥.198)A{nM gå`J² ... 152(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&11)A{ndm V‘² AmXoe‘² ... 11(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&1&2-3)AàË`jo@{n {h AmH$meo... CnmoX²(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&1)AàË`m»`m`¡d... 158,159(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&14)AàmUmo {h A‘Zm … ... 66(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 2&1&2)Aê$ndXod {h... 66(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&14)Aê$ndXod {h...àH¥$V¡VmdÎd§ {h... 67(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&14-22)AdmÀ § dmÀ`‘² B{V... 133(Ý`m`{gÕmÄOZ‘² : 3&46&57)A{dÚm{ZîR>§ H$maUËd‘od... 151(?)Aì`ŠVmV² nwéf… na…... 121(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 1&3&11)

Aì`ŠVmo A`‘² A{MÝË`mo... 66(^JdX²JrVm : 2&25)Ag§Jmo {h A § nwéf … ... 43,44,77,78(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 4&3&15-16)AgŠV§ gd© ¥V² M¡d... 68(^JdX²JrVm : 13&14)AgV…gX² o VVjw … ... 106(V¡{Îmar`maÊ`H$‘² : 1&11&1)AgXod BX‘² AJ« AmgrX² ... 166(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&1)AgX² B{V MoX² Z, ... 62(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&1&7)AgX² ì`nXoemX² ... 62(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&1&17)AgpÝX½Yo@{n doXmW}... 18(AUw mî`‘² : 1&1&1)Agy m©… Zm‘ Vo... 31(B©emdmñ`mon{ZfX² : 3)AñVw dm AZwnn{Îmaod... 144(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`^m‘Vr : 2&4&22)AñWyb‘² AZUw Aõñd‘² ... CnmoX², 45,66,89,90(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&8&8)Añ‘mZ² ‘m`r g¥OVo... 169(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 4&9)Ah§ ~hþ ñ`m‘² ... 70(?)

200 201

Ah§ ~«÷ Apñ‘... 182(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 1&4&10)Ah§ ^ŠVnamYrZ : ... CnmoX²,81(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 9&4&63)"Ah§-‘‘' B{V... 19(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 4&28&17)Ah§ gd©ñ`... 65,70,81,140(^JdX²JrVm : 10&8)Ah§H$ma{d‘yT>mË‘m H$Vm©... 80(^JdX²JrVm : 3&27)Ah‘² AmË‘m JwS>mHo$e... 81(^JdX²JrVm : 10&20)

AmAmH$me{‘d Ho$db§... 69(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&60&34)AmH$meeara§ ~«÷... 105(V¡{Var`mon{ZfX² : 1&6)AmJ‘‘mÌg‘{YJå`EdVw... 117,118(em§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&6)AmMmaXe©ZmX² ... 108(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&4&3)AmMm`m} ‘m§ {dOmZr`mX² ... 36(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&17&27)AmË‘H¥$Vo n[aUm‘mX² ... 140,141,172(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&4&26)

AmË‘Zmo ^JdVmo...B{V ^md… 43(gw~mo{YZr : 10&3&18)AmË‘m AJ¥ô`mo Z{h ... 108(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&9&26)AmË‘m dm Aao Ðï>ì` … ... 21,45(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 2&4&5,4&5&6)AmË‘m dm BX‘² AJ«o... 12(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 1&4&1)Am{XË`dUª V‘g: nañVmV² ... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 8&9)AmZÝX§ ~«ô‘Umo ê$n‘² ... 51(?)AmZÝX‘`mo Aä`mgmX² ... 46,49(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&11)AmZÝX‘mÌH$anmX‘wImoXamX² : ... 46,55,67(?)AmZÝXmÕ²`od Ibw B‘m{Z... 65(V¡{Var`mon{ZfX² : 3&6)AmZÝXmo ~«÷ B{V ì`OmZmV² ... 51(V¡{Var`mon{ZfX² : 3&6)AmZÝXmo {df`mZw^dmo... 116(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`nÄMnm{XH$m : 1&1&1)Am^mgà{V{~å~Ëd‘² ... 71(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&57)AmamÜ`ËdoZ kmZ§ ^pŠV … ... 8({H$aUmdbr‘§JbmMaU‘²)

202 203

Amamo{nV§ {h ê$n‘²... 124( )Aml`Ëd{df`Ëd^m{JZr... 177(g§jonem[aaH$‘² : 1&319)Amh M VÝ‘mÌ‘² ... 49(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&16)

BBVa‘V‘² AZyÚ... 109(AUw mî`‘² : 1&1&2)BX§ gdª `X² yV§... 10(nwéfgyŠV‘² : 1)BX§ {h {díd§ ^Jdm{Zd... 20(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 1&5&20)B{X na‘¡íd }... 56(nm{U{ZYmVwnmR>ädm{XJU‘² : 63)BÝÐm` ñdmhm ... 50,55(V¡{Îmar`g§{hVm : 1&4&28&2)BpÝÐ`m{U nam{U... 78(^JdX²JrVm : 3&42)BÝÐmo ‘m`m{^… nwéê$n : ... 22,50(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 2&5&19)B‘m… am‘m … ... 18(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 1&1&25)Bh ko ËdoZ ~«÷... 138(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`^m‘Vr : 1&3&1)

B©B©jVo… Z AeãX‘² ... 121,148(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&4)B©jVo…...AmË‘eãXmV² ... 121(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&4-8)B©ída: H$maU§... CnmoX²(Jm¡V‘Ý`m`gyÌ‘² : 4&1&19)

CCV V‘² AmXoe‘² Aàmjmo... 15(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&1&2-3)CÎm‘… nwéfñVw AÝ` … ... 10,35,79(^JdX²JrVm : 15&16)CÎma§ nyd©gÝXohdmaH$‘² ... CnmoX²(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&8)CnnÎmo… M... 108,109(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&35)Cnm`^yV§ ì`dhmagË`‘² ... 113(~mo{YM`m©dVmanpÄOH$m : 9&4)

D$"D$hmo {dVH}$'B{V YmVw{ZînÝZ... 118(emñÌXr{nH$m‘ yI‘m{bH$m : 9&1&1)

E

204 205

EH$‘od AÛ § ~«÷... 51,58(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&1)EH$‘od A{ÛVr`§... 10,39,43,106,148(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&1) 150,164,165,167,169EH$ñ ¡d ‘‘ A§eñ`... 30,39(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&11&4)EH$mo Ah§ ~hþ ñ`m‘² ... 19(?)EVñ ¡d Ajañ` àemgZo... CnmoX², 89(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&8&9)EVoZ àH¥$VoZ àYmZH$maUËdmX²... CnmoX²(em§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&12)EVoZ {eï>mn[aJ«hm{n... CnmoX²(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&1&12)Ef C øod gmYw... 27(H$m¡frV{H$~«m÷Umon{ZfX² : 3&8)

EoEoVXmËå`‘² BX§ gdª... 11,12,40,66(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&8&7)EVm{Z AîQ>m¡ Am`VZm{Z... 108(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&9&26)

Am¡Am¡Ëg{J©H§$ {Y`m§... 106(?)

H$H$píMX² Yra … ... 14,44,48(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&1)H$… CÎm‘íbmoH$JwUmZwdmXmV² ... 33(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&1&4)H$Vm©a‘² B©e§ nwéf§ ~«÷... CnmoX²,140(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 3&1&3)H$W‘² AgV… gX² Om oV²... 151(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&2-3)H$‘m©H$‘©{dH$‘}{V doXdmXmo... 17(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&3&43)H$ñ` Ho$ n{VnwÌmÚm… … ... 19(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 8&16&19)H$ñ`mpíMV² nyVZm`ÝË`m … ... 4(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&27&15)H$m`©H$maU^mdXem`m§... 169(?)H$m`©H$maU^md‘² ... 168(?)H$m`m©`moOZY¥Ë`mXo… nXmV² ... 96(Ý`m`Hw$gw‘mÄO{b… : 5&1){H$‘² Abä § ^Jd{V... 26(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&36&2)Hw$VñVw Ibw gm¡å ¡d§ ñ`mX² ... 167(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&2)H¥$Ë`ë wQ>mo ~hþb‘² ... 15

206 207

(nm{U{ZgyÌ‘² : 3&3&113)H¥$Ëdm VmdÝV‘² AmË‘mZ‘² ... 94(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&30&20)H¥$ËñZemñÌñ`m{n D$ø‘mZËdoZ... 119(emñÌXr{nH$m‘ yI‘m{bH$m : 9&1&1){H$ÝVw AmßVH$ëníM A`§... CnmoX ²(Ý`m`^mî`‘² : 4&1&21)H«$sS>m^mÊS§> {díd‘² BX§... 20,81(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 4&7&43)H«$sS>mW©‘² AmË‘Z… BX§... 20,81(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 8&22&20)ŠboeH$‘©{dnmH$me`¡… Anam‘¥ï> : ... CnmoX²(nmVÄOb`moJgyÌ‘² : 1&24)

jj{UH$ËdmV² M... 114(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&2&31)

JJ{Vgm‘mÝ`mX² ... 126,160(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&9)JVo… AW©dÎd‘² C^`Wm... CnmoX²,20,26(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&3&29)JmdñVw H¥$îU‘wI{ZJ©V... 82(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&18&13)Jmo{dÝX‘² AmË‘{Z... 82

(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&18&13)Jm¡U… MoX² Z "AmË‘'eãXmV²... CnmoX²,61(~«÷gyÌ‘² : 1&1&5)Jm¡U… MoX² Z "AmË‘'...dMZmV²M 61,67(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&5-7)

MM‘gdX² A{deofmX²... 154(~«÷gyÌ‘² : 1&4&2)MoVñVËàdU§ godm... 9({gÕmÝV‘wŠVmdbr : 2)M¡Ë`ñ` VÎd‘² A‘b§... 28(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 3&28&28)

OOJËH$Vm© OJÝ‘` … ... 66(nwéfmoÎm‘ghñÌZm‘ñVmoÌ‘² : 1&10)O{ZH$Vw©… àH¥${V... 11,154(nm{U{ZgyÌ‘² : 1&4&30)OÝ‘mÚñ` `V … ... 9,11,65,70,148,151,162(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&2)O`{V OZ{Zdmgmo... 30(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&87&48)Ord B©emo ... CnmoX², 116(Ð. : {gÕmÝVboeg§J«hH¥$îUmb§H$mam»`ì`m»`m : 1&17)

208 209

kkmZàgmXoZ {dewÕgËd... 48(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 3&1&8)km{ZZ… VX{^ì`ŠVm¡... CnmoX²(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 2&4)kmZr MoX² ^OVo H¥$îU§... 20(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&14)

VV§ Vw Am¡n{ZfX§ nwéf... 48,108(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&9&26)V§ Xodm… gd} A{n©Vm … ... 14(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&1-10)VÁObmZ² ... CnmoX ²(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 3&14&1)VV Ed {Vamo mdmX² ... 53({dÛÝ‘ÊS>Z‘² : n¥.155)VV… ào‘ VWm AmgpŠV … ... 26(^pŠVd{Y©Zr : 3)VËH$m[aVËdmX² AhoVw … ... CnmoX²(Jm¡V‘Ý`m`gyÌ‘² : 4&1&21)VËY‘©ì`nXoemV² ... 132,135(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&2&18)VÎmw g‘Ýd`mX² ... 11,120(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&3)VÎd‘² A{g... 11,22,182

(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&8&7)VÎdmdYmaUmä`mgñ` {h ... 124( )VËàYmZËdmX² ... 67(~«÷gyÌ‘² : 3&2&14)VÌ e¥ÊdpÝV A‘r{bVÑemo... 82(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&18&14)VV² Ho$Z H§$ ní oX² ... 17(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 4&6&15)VV² gË`‘² B{V AmMjVo... 11,62(V¡{Var`mon{ZfX² : 2&6)VWm Z Vo, ‘mYd ... 7(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&2&33)VWm{n `mdVm H$m ª VmdV² ... 23(nwpîQ>àdmh‘`m©Xm : 14)VWm{h j{UH$Ëddm{XZ§... 137( )VXZÝ`Ëd‘² "Amaå^U'... 16,40(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&1&14)VXwnmgZ`m kmZmV² ... 20(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 2&103)VXoVX² Aj § {ZË §... 30,62,65({dîUwnwamU‘² : 1&22&60)VXod EVËàH$maoU ^d{V... 40({gÕmÝV‘wŠVmdbr : 5)VXod ~«÷ Ëd§ {d{Õ... 56

210 211

(Ho$Zmon{ZfX² : 1&4)VXod ~«÷ na‘§ H$drZm‘² ... CnmoX²(‘hmZmam`Umon{ZfX² : 1&1-6)VXod§ AgmaVaVH©$... CnmoX²(em§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&2&17)VÕ¡H$ Amhþ… AgXod BX‘² ... 167(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&1)VÐÿnmo ‘m``m A^dX² ... 81(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&23)VX² AmË‘mZ‘od AdoX² ... 81(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 1&4&10)VX² AmË‘mZ§ ñd`‘² ... 155,200(V¡{Var`mon{ZfX² : 2&7)VX² AmË‘mZ§...àH¥${Vfw ... 155(~«÷gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&4&26)VX² Amhþ… Aja§ ~«÷... 202(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 3&11&41)VX² EO{V VX² Z EO{V... 45,68,93(B©emdmñ`mon{ZfX² : 5)VX² EojV ~hþ ñ`m§... CnmoX², 12,119,125,167,200(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&3)VX² ‘m`m’$bê$noU Ho$db§... 106(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&24&3)VX² da‘² Añ‘mX² ... CnmoX²(emñÌXr{nH$m : 1&1&5)VX²^yV`moqZ n[aní`pÝV... CnmoX²

(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 1&1&6)V{ÛñVmamo ^mJdV‘² ... CnmoX²(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 2&221)VpÝZð>ñ` ‘mojmonXoemX² ... 61,122,123(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&6)VÝ‘ZñH$m… VXmbmnm:... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&30&44)Vngm ~«÷ {d{Okmgñd... 19(V¡{Var`mon{ZfX² : 3&2)V‘od {d{XËdm A{V‘¥Ë w‘² ... CnmoX²(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 3&8)V‘² Ed§ {dÛmZ² A‘¥V... CnmoX²(nwéfgyŠV‘² : 8)Va{V emoH$‘² ... 124(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 7&1&3)VH$m©à{Vð>mZmX² ... 16(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&1&11)Vñ‘mV² Vm{H©$H$MmQ>^Q>... CnmoX²(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfXem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&20)Vñ‘mX² ‘X²^pŠV`wŠVñ`... CnmoX²,23(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&20&31)Vñ‘mX² eãX‘ybEd... 158(~«÷gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&27)Vñ` H$Vm©a‘{n ‘m‘² ... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 4&13)Vñ` h dm EVñ`... 93

212 213

(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 7&26&1)Vm… Z A{dXZ² ... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&12&12)Vmgm§ ‘Ü o Û`mo... 94(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&30&3)V¥ßVEd EZ‘² BÝÐ : ... 50(V¡{Îmar`g§{hVm : 2&5&4&3)Vo B‘o na‘mUd… MoVZ‘² ... CnmoX ²(Ý`m`‘ÄOar : 8&B©íd.gm)Vo àmßZwdpÝV ‘m‘od... 20(^JdX²JrVm : 12&4)Ëd{`, CÕd, Aml`{V... 2(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&19&7)

X{X{d gy ©ghñÌñ` ^doX² ... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 11&12){Xì § XXm{‘ Vo Mjw … ... 49(^JdX²JrVm : 11&8){Xì`mo {h A‘yV©… nwéf … ... 44(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 2&1&2)XwK©Q>Ëd‘² A{dÚm`m yfU§... 144(Bï>{g{Õ… : 1&140)Xyao JwUm… VdVw... CnmoX²(?)Ñí`Vo Vw... 117

(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&1&6)Xodmo Agwamo ‘Zwî`mo dm... 82(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 7&7&50)Xohm{X AnmW©‘² AgX² ... 3(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 12&8&44)Xohr {ZË`‘² AdÜ`mo A`‘²... 80(^JdX²JrVm : 2&30)X¡dr {h Efm JwU‘`r... 32(^JdX²JrVm : 7&14)Ûo dmd... 73(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 2&3&1)Ûm¡ B‘m¡ nwéfm¡ bmoHo$... 79,138(^JdX²JrVm : 15&16)Ûm¡ B‘m¡ nwéfm¡...nwéfmoÎm‘ 203(^JdX²JrVm : 15&16-18)

YYÝ`mñVw... 82(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&18&11)Y‘©{Okmgm`m{‘d... 118(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&2)Y‘©… àmo{O²PVH¡$Vdmo AÌ... 81(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 1&1&2)...Y‘m}nnÎmoíM... 136(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&3&9)YmVw… àgmXmX²... 109

214 215

(‘hmZmam`Umon{ZfX² : 10&1)

ZZ AÝ`: nÝWm... CnmoX²(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 3&6&15)Z A^md CnbãYo:... 128(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&2&28)Z A § JwU… H$‘©... 63(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 8&3&24)Z A § gwImnmo ^JdmZ² ... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&9&21)Z A`‘² AmË‘m àdMZoZ... CnmoX²,19(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&23)Z A`‘² AmË‘m ~bhrZoZ... 23(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 3&2&4)Z AgVmo {dÚVo ^mdmo... 62,65(^JdX²JrVm : 2&16)Z Ah§ àH$me… gd©ñ`... 20(^JdX²JrVm : 7&25)Z Ah§ doX¡: Z Vngm... CnmoX²,89(^JdX²JrVm : 11&53)Z Ah‘² AmË‘mZ‘² Amemgo... 36(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 9&4&64)Z Bh ZmZm ApñV... 13,17,18,51,58,62,165(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&1&11,~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 4&4&19)Z CÕdmo AÊd{n ‘Ý yZmo... 36

(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 3&4&31)Z H$‘©Um Z àO`m YZoZ... CnmoX²(‘hmZmam`Umon{ZfX² : 10&5)Z H$píMV² H$Vw©‘² Ah©{V... 62,65(^JdX²JrVm : 2&17)Z Mjwfm J¥øVo Zm{n dmMm... 48(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 3&1&8)Z Om`Vo {‘« Vo dm H$Xm{MX² ... 81(^JdX²JrVm : 2&20)Z VÌ gy m} ^m{V... 49(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&1&15)Z VËg‘… M Aä`{YH$ … ... 39,75,88(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 6&8)Z Vñ` H$m ª H$aU§... 150(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 6&8)Z Y‘©{Okmgm`m{‘d ~«÷{U... 117,118(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&2)Z nma o Ah§... 88(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&29&22)Z ‘m§ XwîH¥${VZmo ‘yT>m … ... 31(^JdX²JrVm : 7&15)Z ‘o ^ŠV… àUí`{V... 81(^JdX²JrVm : 9&31)Z amoY`{V ‘m§ `moJmo... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&12&1-9)Z bmoH$dX² Bh ^{dVì §... 165

216 217

(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&4&27)Z gX² Z AgX² CÀ`Vo... 63,66(^JdX²JrVm : 13&12)Z gX² Z AgX² Z gXgX² ... 115(AÛ`dO«g§J«h… : 19)Z ñWmZVmo@{n nañ` ... 90,922(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&11)ZM AÝV:H$aUd¥Îmmd{n... 136-7(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`^m‘Vr : 1&2&18)ZM Vo dñVw‘mÌ‘² B{V... 137(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : & & )ZM doXmX² F$Vo... 110(Hy$‘©nwamU‘² : 1&11&271)ZM eyÝ`Vm ^mdmX² ... 115(~mo{YM`m©dVmanpÄOH$m : 9&34)ZVw dñVw "Ed§'-"Z¡d‘²'... 153(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&2)ZZw "Va{V emoH$‘² AmË‘{dX²'... 124(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 7&1&3)ZZw ‘m`monm{YH${~å~{MÝ‘mÌñ`... 126(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`aËZà^m : 1&1&12)ZZw eãXoZm{n Z eŠ`Vo... 158,165(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&27)Z‘mo AñVw AZÝVm`... 55(‘hm^maV‘² : 13&635&5)Z{h BX‘² A{VJå^ra§... 159,165

(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&11)Z{h {damoY… C^ § ^Jd{V... 68,90(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 6&9&36)Z{h gË`ñ` ZmZmËd‘² ... 14(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&1&14)Zm{^… Z^mo Ap½Z … ... 55,68(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&63&35){ZË`mn[apÀN>ÝZVZm¡ àmH$Q>瑲... 13(gw~mo{YZr : 2&6&1){ZadÚ§ {ZaÄOZ‘² ... 163(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 6&19){ZîH$b§ {ZpîH«$`§... 21,44,88,162(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 6&19){Z{d©eofH$maUVm`m‘{n... 126(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`àXrn… : 1&1&6)

nna§ ~«ô‘ na§ Ym‘... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 10&12)naÌ nyd©ÑîQ>md^mg : ... CnmoX²(~«÷gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&1)nañna{damoYo {h... 39(bm¡{H$H$Ý`m`gmhòr : 3)nam Añ` epŠV … ... CnmoX²,43,44,49,56,72,94(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 6&8)namH¥$VZ‘X²~ÝY§ na~«ô‘ ... CnmoX²

218 219

(^JdX²JrVm‘YwgyXZr : 14&27)nampÄM Im{Z ì`V¥UV² ... 14,15,44,48(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&1&1)nam{^Ü`mZmÎmw {Vamo{hV§... 22,52,53,71(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&5)n[aöVñVw ~«ô‘dm{XZm... CnmoX²(em§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&29)namo {h `moJmo... 9(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&23&46)namojdmXmo doXmo A`§... 21(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&3&44)nmVmb‘² EVñ` nmX‘yb‘² ... 20,21(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 2&1&26)nmXmo Añ` {dídm yVm{Z... 88(F$Šg§{hVm : 10&90&3){nVm Ah‘² Añ` OJV … ... 65(^JdX²JrVm : 9&17-18)nwéf: g na : ... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 8&22)nwéfEd BX§ gdª... 40,51,64(F$Šg§{hVm : 10&90&2,8&4&17)nwéfEd BX§ gd©‘² ... 10,13,62,66(nwéfgyŠV‘² : 1)nwqï> H$m oZ {ZíM` … ... 19(nwpîQ>àdmh‘`m©Xm : 9)nyOm§ XYw… {da{MVm§... 82

(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&18&11)nydª na‘² AOmVËdmX² ... 118(Ð. : ‘r‘m§gmH$mof… : AnÀN>oXÝ`m o)nyd©{gÕmo{n {h gÝZmË‘m... 172(em§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&4&26)nydm©V² na~br`ñËd§ VÌ... 118(?)nmofU§ VXZwJ«h … ... 23(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 2&10&4)àH$medV² M Ad¡ Ï`m©V² ... 48(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&15)àH$meml`dÛm VoOñËdmX² ... 43(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&28)àH¥${V: M à{VkmÑï>mÝVmZwnamoYmX² ... 130(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&4&23)àH¥${VàË``m¡ ghmWª ~«yV… … ... 8,25(nmVÄOb‘hm^mî`‘² : 1&2&64)àH¥$Vo: {H«$`‘mUm{Z... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 3&7)àH¥$V¡VmdÎd§ {h à{VfoY{V... 49,66,67(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&22)àOmn{V… AH$m‘`V... 65(V¡{Îmar`g§{hVm : 3&1&1&1)àYmZH$maUdmX… H¡$píMX²... CnmoX²(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&2&3)àUV^ma{dQ>nm… ‘YwYmam … ... 82

220 221

(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&32&9)àUå` hoVw‘² B©ída‘²... CnmoX²(d¡eo{fH$gyÌ^mî`‘§JbmMaU‘²)à{VkmÑï>mÝVmZwnamoYmX²... 16(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&4&23)à{V~wÕBd ñdßZmX² ... 15(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&11&13)àË`jn[aH${bV‘{n... 112(?)àYmZmX² OJX² Om`Vo... 102(?)ànÄMmo ^JdËH$m © … ... 80(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&23)à‘mUVmo@{n {ZUuV§ ... CnmoX ²(^JdX²JrVm‘YwgyXZr : 15&20)àmH¥$VY‘m©Zml`‘²... 68(gdm}Îm‘VmoÌ‘² : 1)àm`mo ~Vmå~ {dhJm … ... 82(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&18&14)àmdmXwH$mZm§ Ñï>` : ... CnmoX²(Ý`m`^mî`dm{V©H$VmËn ©‘² : 4&1&19)àr`Vo A‘b`m ^ŠË`m h[a : ... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 7&7&52)ào‘godmVEd ñ`mX² ... CnmoX²(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 2&92)àoåUmo AÝ`V² gmYZ§... CnmoX ²

(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 2&326)

~~Õmo Z ‘wÀ`Vo VmdX² ... 114(‘mÜ`{‘H$H$m[aH$m : 16&8)~Õmo ‘wŠV… B{V... 29(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&11&1)~ÝYmo Añ` A{dÚ`m... 71,75,80(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&11&4)~hþ ñ`m§... 27(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&3)~hþ ñ`m§ àOm o ... 28(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 2&6)~w{Õ… kmZ‘² Agå‘moh … ... 60(^JdX²JrVm : 10&4)~w{ÕàoaH$H¥$îUñ` nmXnÙ§ àgrXVw... 61(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 3&5&1)~¥hÎdmX² ~«ô‘ CÀ`Vo... 9(Ð.:{dîUwnwamU‘² : 1&12&55)"~«ô‘ {Okm{gVì`‘²'B{V... 125(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`^m‘Vr : 1&1&12)~«ô‘ Xmem… ~«ô‘ {H$Vdm … ... 81(AWd©n¡ßnbmXg§{hVm : 8&9&10)~«ô‘mkmZmV² OJV² gd©‘² ... 122(em§H$a^mî`dm{V©H$‘² : ?)~«ô‘UñVw H$maUËd‘² ... 120

222 223

(?)~«ô‘{U AeãXdmÀ o ñ`mX² ... 133(eVXyfUrMÊS>‘méV‘² : 45)~«ô‘Umo {Z{d©eofËd‘² B{V... 142(Ý`m`{gÕmÄOZ‘² : 3&43)~«ô‘dM©ñH$m‘ñVw... 56(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 2&3&2)~«ô‘{dX² AmßZmo{V na‘² ... 79(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 2&1)~«ô‘¡d B©{jV¥... 125(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`^m‘Vr : 1&1&5)~«ô‘¡d gZ² ~«ô‘ Aß o{V... 23(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 4&4&6)

^^pŠV… Añ` ^OZ§ VX² ... 9(Jmonmbnyd©VmnÝ wn{ZfX² : 1&3)^ŠË`m bä`ñVw AZÝ``m... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 8&22)^ŠË`mVw AZÝ``m eŠ`mo... CnmoX²,48(^JdX²JrVm : 11&54)^JdmZ{n Vm… amÌr … ... 24(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&26&1)^JdmZod {h ’$b‘²... 26(nwpîQ>àdmh‘`m©Xm : 17)

^JdmZ² ^OVm§ ‘wHw$ÝXmo... 19(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 5&6&18)"^O'=godm`m‘²... 8(YmVwnmR>ädm{XJU‘² : 1083){^ÝZ¡d H$m{MV² gm... 20(dmamhnwamU‘² : ?)

y íM AÝVo ... 182,186(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 1&10)

‘‘Îm… ñ‘¥{V… kmZ‘² ... 60(^JdX²JrVm : 15&15)‘ÎmEd n¥WJ²{dYm…... 61(^JdX²JrVm : 10&5)‘Ëgod`m àVrV§ M... 25,27(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 9&4&67)‘XÝ`V² Vo OmZpÝV Z... 88(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 9&4&68)‘Zg¡d AZwÐï>ì`‘²... 44,108(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 4&4&19)‘Zg¡d BX‘² AmßVì § ... 14(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&1&11)‘Ý‘Zm ^d ‘X² ŠV : ... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 9&34 , 18&65)‘‘ ‘m`m... 32

224 225

(^JdX²JrVm : 7&14)‘‘ `mo{Z… ‘hX² ~«ô‘... 65,81(^JdX²JrVm : 14&3)‘‘¡d A§emo OrdbmoHo$... 22,51,81(^JdX²JrVm : 15&7)‘`m àgÝZ¡Z Vd, AOw©Z... 49,109(^JdX²JrVm : 11&47)‘{` Amdoí` ‘Zmo o... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 12&2)‘ëbmZm‘² Ae{Z…... 94(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&40&17)‘hV… na‘² Aì`ŠV‘² ... 78(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 1&3&11)‘m§ ‘mJ©`pÝV AÕm... 109(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&7&23)‘mÜ`{‘H$ñVw ‘m`mdm{XdX² ... 32,114(AUw mî`‘² : 2&2&31)‘m‘² Aàmß`¡d, H$m¡ÝVo`... 31(^JdX²JrVm : 16&20)‘m`mÝVw àH¥$qV {dÚmX² ... 154(ídoVmídamon{ZfX² : 4&10)‘m`m‘mÌÝVw H$mËñ³`}Z... 111(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&3)‘m`m‘mÌ‘² BX§ Û¡V‘² ... 112(‘mÊSw>Š`mon{ZfX²Jm¡S>nmXH$m[aH$m : 1&17)‘m`mdmX‘² AgÀN>mņ̃... 111,112

(nÙnwamU‘² : ?)‘mhmËå`kmZnyd©ñVw... 7(?)‘r‘m§gmg§kH$…... 118(?)‘wŠVmË‘Z… àe§gmdmŠ`‘² ... 103(gm§»`gyÌ‘² : 1&95)‘yH§$ H$amo{V dmMmb‘² ... 36(^JdX²JrVm‘mhmËå`o)‘¥{ÎmH$m BË od gË`‘² ... 15,130,147,148,157(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&1&4)‘¥Ë`mo… g ‘¥Ë w‘² ... 14,149(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&1&10)‘¥XmÚmgw àH¥${Vfw... 172(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&4&26)

`` AmË‘Zmo Ñí`JwUofw... 43(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&3&18)`: gd©k: gd©{dX² ... 54(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 1&1&9)`: gd©k: gd©epŠV : ... 44,88(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 1&1&9)`… nydª Vngmo OmV‘² ... 14(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&1&6)`… n¥{Wì`m§ {Vð>Z² ... 68

226 227

(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&7&3)`jo {d y{V… ^dV … ... 55(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&69&3)`OoV² nwéf§ na‘² ... 56(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 2&3&10)`kê$nmo h[a: nyd©H$mÊSo>... 56(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&11)"`V…'B{V B`§ nÄM‘r... 154,162,172(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&4&23)`Vmo dm B‘m{Z... CnmoX²,9,11,16,44,65,105,140,155(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 3&1)`Vmo dmMmo {ZdV©ÝVo... 44,45,63,66,133,135(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 2&4&5)`V² Mjwfm Z ní`{V... 166(Ho$Zmon{ZfX² : 1&6)`V² VX² AÐoí`‘² ... CnmoX²(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 1&1&6)`Wm A½Zo… jwÐm … ... 22,51,52(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 2&1&20)`Wm AYZmo bãYYZo... 34(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&29&20)`Wm AmH$mepñWV … ... 65(^JdX²JrVm : 9&6)`Wm Vamo… ‘yb{ZfoMZoZ... 56(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 4&31&14)`Wm gwXrßVmV² nmdH$mV² ... 10,71

(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 2&1&1)`Wm, gm¡å`, EHo$Z... 15(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&1&2)`X² Am{XË`JV§ VoOmo... 43(^JdX²JrVm : 15&12)`Xm Z bä`Vo ^mdmo... 114,115(~mo{YM`m©dVmanpÄOH$m : 9&34-35)`Xm ní`: ní`Vo... CnmoX²(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 3&1&3)`{X Vm{H©$H$g‘`Bd... 160(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&10)`{X Zm‘ "{H$pÄMX² ZmpñV'... 114(~mo{YM`m©dVmanpÄJH$m : 9&34)`{XX§ {H$ÄM VV² ... 40,141(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 2&6)`Xod Bh VX² A‘wÌ... 14(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 2&1&10)`X² Am{XË`JV§ VoOmo... 43,48(^JdX²JrVm : 15&12)`X² EH$‘² Aì`ŠV‘² ... 92(‘hmZmam`Umon{ZfX² : 1&5)`X² Z `moJoZ gm§» oZ... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&12&9)`X² yV§ `V² M ^mì`‘² ... 10(nwéfgyŠV‘² : 2)`{Õ `ñ‘mX² à^d{V... 155

228 229

(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&5&25)`‘od Ef… d¥UwVo... CnmoX²,31,109(H$R>mon{ZfX² : 1&2&23,‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 3&2&3)`ñ‘mX² Apñ‘Z² ~«ô‘{U... 144(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&37)`ñ` AÝV…ñWm{Z ^yVm{Z... 65(^JdX²JrVm : 8&22)`ñ` n¥{Wdr eara‘²... 107(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&7&3)`m {Zem gd©^yVmZm§... 1(^JdX²JrVm : 2&69)`mZ² AmñWm` Zamo... 8(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&2&35)`mdV² ñ`mX² JwUd¡få §... 15(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&10&32)`mdX² Z Om oV namdao... 20,21(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 2&2&14)`wŠË`JmoMa‘²... 90(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&71)

o Vw Aja‘² A{ZX}í`‘² ... 138(^JdX²JrVm : 12&3)`o YmVweãXm… `Ì... 56(nÌmdbå~Z‘² : 4)

o `Wm ‘m§ ànÚÝVo... 35(^JdX²JrVm : 4&11)`mo AÝ`Wm gÝV‘² ... 5,47,72

(‘hm^maV‘² : 1&68&26)`mo A{dÚ`m wH²$ ... 30(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&11&7)`mo dm AZÝVñ`... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&4&2)`mo-`mo `m§-`m§ VZw§ ^ŠV : ... 57(^JdX²JrVm : 7&21)`moJm… Ì`mo ‘`m... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&20&6)`mo{ZíM {h Jr`Vo... CnmoX²(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&4&27&)

aag§ ô od A § bãÜdm... 4,7(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 2&7)agmo d¡ g … ... 3,4,7,26,35(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 2&7)amjgr‘² Amgwat M¡d... 32(^JdX²JrVm : 9&12)amYm‘² AmYm` õX`o... 35(JrVJmo{dÝX… : 3&1)

bqbJÝVw Y‘m}nnÎmo … ... 136(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`dm{V©H$‘² : 1&3&8)bmoHo$@{n VW¡d...n[aîH$ma…... 124

230 231

(?)

dd§er{d^y{fVH$amX² ... CnmoX²(AÛ¡V{gÕm¡ : 2&~«.km.)djmo {Zdmg‘² AH$amoV² ... 34(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 8&8&25)dMgm§ dmÀ`‘² CÎm‘‘² ... 134,135(?)dÄMZmW©‘² CnÝ`mgmo... 115,116(nyd©‘r‘m§gmíbmoH$dm{V©H$‘² : {Zam.dm.8)derHw$d©pÝV ‘m§ ^ŠVm … ... 25,30(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 9&4&66)dmJmbå~Z‘m̧ Zm‘¡d... 147(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfXem§H$a^mî`‘² : 6&1&4)dmMmaå^U§ "{dH$mamo'... 2,15,17,130,157,159,169(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&1&4)dmÀ`Ëd§ doÚVm§ M ... 133(VËd‘wŠVmH$bmn… : 3&3)dmgm§{g OrUm©{Z `Wm ... 80(^JdX²JrVm : 2&22)dmgwXod… gd©‘² B{V... 22,66(^JdX²JrVm : 7&19){dH$mamÚmË‘Zm M n[aUm‘mo... 172,173(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&4&26){dXyaH$mð>m` ‘whþ… Hw$`mo{JZm‘² ... 108

(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 2&4&14){dZm new¿ZmX² ... 33(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&1&4){dZm{n M§ g‘wÀM`mo ^d{V... 9(nmVÄOb‘hm^mî`‘² : & & ){déÕgd©Y‘m©Um‘² Aml`‘²... 90(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&71){damoYoVw AZnoj§ ñ`mX² ... CnmoX²(O¡{‘{ZgyÌ‘² : 1&3&3){dbÁO‘mZ`m `ñ` ñWmVw‘² ... 24(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 2&5&13){dídV… Mjw… CV... 44,46(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 3&3){dîUmoZw© H§$ dr`m©{U... CnmoX ²(F$Šg§{hVm : 1&154&1){dîUmoZw© dr`©JUZm§... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 2&7&40)d¥{Õõmg... 92(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&20)doXm… lrH¥$îUdmŠ`m{Z... 110(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&7)doX¡: M gd£: Ah‘od doÚ : ... CnmoX²,89(^JdX²JrVm : 15&15)d¡Yå`m©ÀM Z ñdßZm{XdX² ... 62(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&2&29)ì`mßVoíM g‘ÄOg§... 93

232 233

(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&3&9-10)ì`md¥Îm§ ewpŠVê$ß § {d{XV‘² ... 129(VËd‘wŠVmH$bmn… : 3&51)

eeãXíM C^`‘{n ~«ô‘U … ... 165(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 2&1&27)eãXmOÝ`d¥{Îm{df`Ëd§ Ñí`Ëd‘² ... CnmoX²,125(AÛ¡V{gÕm¡ : 1&Ñí`ËdhoVw.)emaraíM C^`o@{n {h... 55(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&2&20)ewpŠVH$m aOVdX² Ad^mgVo... 140,157,173(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`‘² : 1&1&1)e¥ÊdpÝV Jm`pÝV J¥UpÝV... 48(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 1&8&36)

lldU§ H$sV©Z§ {dîUmo … ... 8(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 7&5&23){l`m nwîQ>çm {Jam... 24,40,61(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 10&36&55)lwVËdmV² M... 125(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 1&1&10)lw{Vñ‘¥{V{damoYoVw lw{Vaod... CnmoX²(?)lwVoñVw eãX‘ybËdmX² ... 140,141,157,158,165

(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&1&27)lwVm¡ VÎdnXmÜ`mhmaàg§JmV² ... 129(ì`mg{gÕmÝV‘mVm©ÊS>… : 2&n¥.198)lwË`mX`Ed Z à‘mU‘² ... 118(?)lw`Vo@{n {h BÝÐmXrZm§... 56({dÛÝ‘ÊS>Z‘² : ?)

gg AmË‘m... 11(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&8&7)g AmË‘mZ§ ñd`‘² AHw$éV... 12,40,62(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 2&7)g EH$mH$s Z a‘Vo... 22,70(‘hmon{ZfX² : 1&1)g B©jmÄMH«o$... 44(àíZmon{ZfX² : 6&3)g Z… BÝÐ: H$m‘da§... 50(V¡{Îmar`maÊ`H$g§{hVm : 3&11&8)g `Wm g¡ÝYdKZmo... 43(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 4&5&13)g `Xm Añ‘mX² ... 53({dÛÝ‘ÊS>Z‘² : n¥.191-193)g amîQ´>‘² A^dX² ... 40(?)g {dídH¥$X² {díd{dX² ... 140

234 235

(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 6&16)g d¡ Z Xodmgwa‘Ë ©{V ©H²$... 66(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 8&3&24)g d¡ Z¡d ao‘o... 19,70(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 1&3&3,1&4&3)g d¡ gd©‘² BX§ OJX² ... 12,40,62,66(‘hmZmam`Umon{ZfX² : 23&1)g gd©k… gd©{dX² ... 131(‘wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² : 1&1&9)g gd©{dX² ^O{V ‘m§... 22(^JdX²JrVm : 15&19)g h CdmM EVÛ¡... 44(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&8&8)g h EVmdmZ² Amg... 40(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 1&4&3)g {h gd©{dV² gd©H$Vm©... 102(?)g§Ý`mg: H$‘©`moJ… M... CnmoX²(^JdX²JrVm : 5&2)g§e`mË‘m {dZí`{V... 5,36(^JdX²JrVm : 4&40)gEd EZ§ yqV J‘`{V... 50(V¡{Îmar`g§{hVm : 2&1&5&5)gEf… Z B{V... 107(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&9&26)gEf "Z'B{V AmË‘m... CnmoX²

(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 3&9&26)gpÀMXmZÝX§ ...~«ô‘... 51(Z¥qghmoÎmaVmnZr`mon{ZfX² : 4&2)gpÀMXmZÝX§ ...gd©‘² AZdÚ‘² 53({dÛÝ‘‘ÊS>Z‘² : n¥.198)gOmVr`{dOmVr`... 10(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 1&66)gÎdmV² M Adañ`... 62(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&1&76)gË § M AZ¥V§ M... 3,80,81(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 2&6)gË § kmZ‘² AZÝV§... 9,13,35,79(V¡{Îmar`mon{ZfX² : 2&1)gË § {dkmZ‘² AmZÝX§ ~«ô‘... 46(?)gXod, gmoå`, BX‘² ... 11,12,16,75,141(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&2&1)gÝ‘ybm…, gm¡å`... 12(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 6&8&6)g‘: ßbw{fUm g‘mo ‘eHo$Z... 88(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 1&3&22)g‘mo ZmJoZ g‘mo ‘eHo$Z... 45(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 1&3&22)gåà{V {Z{d©eofàMwamUm§... 138(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`Ý`m`{ZU© … : 1&3&1)gdª Ibw BX§ ~«ô‘... 3,13,18,40,51,62,66,70

236 237

(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 4&5&19)gdª ‘X² pŠV`moJoZ ‘X² ŠVmo... CnmoX²(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&20&33)gd©H$m‘: gd©JÝY: gd©ag : ... 4,44,88(N>mÝXmo½`mon{ZfX² : 3&14&4)gd©V: nm{UnmX§ VV²... 55(^JdX²JrVm : 13&13)gd©V… nm{UnmX§ VV²... 45,46,89,107(ídoVmídVamon{ZfX² : 3&16)gd©Wm MoX² h[aH¥$nm Z... CnmoX ²(VËdmW©Xrn{Z~ÝY… : 2&226)gd©Ì {h... 90(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 3&2&4)gd©XodZ‘ñH$ma : ... 56(?)gd©Xod‘`mo h[a : ... 56(^mJdVnwamU‘² : 11&23&28)gd©Y‘m©Um‘² Cnn{Îm: CŠVm... 144(~«ô‘gyÌem§H$a^mî`dm{V©H$‘² : 2&1&37)gd©Y‘m}nnÎmo: M... 144,145(~«ô‘gyÌ‘² : 2&1&37)gd©ñ` B©emZ … ... 55(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 5&6&1)gd©ñ` der gd©ñ` B©emZ … ... 55,81(~¥hXmaÊ`H$mon{ZfX² : 4&4&22)gdm©{U ê$nm{U {d{MË`... 1

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238 239

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