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TRANSCRIPT
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The Swiss-Army Knife for Python Web Developers
Armin Ronacher http://lucumr.pocoo.org/
http://lucumr.pocoo.org/http://lucumr.pocoo.org/ -
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About Me
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About Me
Name: Armin Ronacher Werkzeug, Jinja, Pygments, ubuntuusers.de
Python since 2005
WSGI warrior since the very beginning(well, not quite)
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Why Python?
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Why Python?
agile
active community
countless modules
powerful introspection functionality
WSGI
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WSGI
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WSGI
Web Server Gateway Interface
lowlevel interface between application andserver
allows to reuse code between applications
CGI / FastCGI / SCGI / AJP / mod_python /
mod_wsgi / twisted / standalone simple and fast
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Hello World
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Hello World
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Hello World
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Hello World
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Deployment
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Deployment
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Deployment
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Deployment
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Deployment
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Middlewares
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Middlewares
middlewares work between server andapplication
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Middlewares
middlewares work between server andapplication
can manipulate incoming and outgoing data
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Middlewares
middlewares work between server andapplication
can manipulate incoming and outgoing data
useful to
log errors
fix broken server data combine multiple applications
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But....
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But....
...an application shouldnt depend on anmiddleware
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But....
...an application shouldnt depend on anmiddleware
http://dirtsimple.org/2007/02/wsgi-middleware-considered-harmful.html
http://dirtsimple.org/2007/02/wsgi-middleware-considered-harmful.htmlhttp://dirtsimple.org/2007/02/wsgi-middleware-considered-harmful.html -
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But....
...an application shouldnt depend on anmiddleware
http://dirtsimple.org/2007/02/wsgi-middleware-considered-harmful.html
http://dirtsimple.org/2007/02/wsgi-middleware-considered-harmful.htmlhttp://dirtsimple.org/2007/02/wsgi-middleware-considered-harmful.html -
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Setup
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Setup central runner file:
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Setup central runner file:
application.fcgi mod_fastcgi
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Setup central runner file:
application.fcgi mod_fastcgi
application.wsgi mod_wsgi
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Setup central runner file:
application.fcgi mod_fastcgi
application.wsgi mod_wsgi
run-application.py standalone / wsgiref
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Setup central runner file:
application.fcgi mod_fastcgi
application.wsgi mod_wsgi
run-application.py standalone / wsgiref
imports application and middlewares
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Setup central runner file:
application.fcgi mod_fastcgi
application.wsgi mod_wsgi
run-application.py standalone / wsgiref
imports application and middlewares combines it and creates and application object
or calls the gateway
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Setup central runner file:
application.fcgi mod_fastcgi
application.wsgi mod_wsgi
run-application.py standalone / wsgiref
imports application and middlewares combines it and creates and application object
or calls the gateway
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Summary
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Summary
application: callable object
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Summary
application: callable object
environ incoming data
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Summary
application: callable object
environ incoming data
start_response starts the response
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Summary
application: callable object
environ incoming data
start_response starts the response
app_iter an iterator, each iteration sends
data to the client
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Summary
application: callable object
environ incoming data
start_response starts the response
app_iter an iterator, each iteration sends
data to the client
middleware: between application and gateway
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Summary
application: callable object
environ incoming data
start_response starts the response
app_iter an iterator, each iteration sends
data to the client
middleware: between application and gateway gateway: translates WSGI to CGI etc.
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Werkzeug
unicode handling
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Werkzeug
unicode handling
form data / file uploads / url parameter
parsing
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Werkzeug
unicode handling
form data / file uploads / url parameter
parsing URL dispatching
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Werkzeug
unicode handling
form data / file uploads / url parameter
parsing URL dispatching
HTTP parsing
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Werkzeug
unicode handling
form data / file uploads / url parameter
parsing URL dispatching
HTTP parsing
development server
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Werkzeug
unicode handling
form data / file uploads / url parameter
parsing URL dispatching
HTTP parsing
development server
autoreloader
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Werkzeug
unicode handling
form data / file uploads / url parameter
parsing URL dispatching
HTTP parsing
development server
autoreloader
countless small helpers
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What is it not?
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What is it not?
ORM
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What is it not?
ORM
template engine
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What is it not?
ORM
template engine form-validation
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What is it not?
ORM
template engine form-validation
i18n / l10n
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What is it not?
ORM
template engine form-validation
i18n / l10n
component architecture
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What is it not?
ORM
template engine form-validation
i18n / l10n
component architecture
a framework
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Why not?
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Why not?
such things exist already
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Why not?
such things exist already you can combine them
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Why not?
such things exist already you can combine them
everybody wants something else
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Why not?
such things exist already you can combine them
everybody wants something else
cherry picking!
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What does it look like?
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DumpIt!a pastebin in 15 minutes
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What do we use?
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What do we use?
Werkzeug
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What do we use?
Werkzeug
Jinja
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What do we use?
Werkzeug
Jinja sqlite3
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What do we use?
Werkzeug
Jinja sqlite3
Pygments
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What do we use?
Werkzeug
Jinja sqlite3
Pygments
WSGI
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What do we use?
Werkzeug
Jinja sqlite3
Pygments
WSGI
Templates
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What do we use?
Werkzeug
Jinja sqlite3
Pygments
WSGI
TemplatesDatabase
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What do we use?
Werkzeug
Jinja sqlite3
Pygments
WSGI
TemplatesDatabase
Code Highlighting
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What do we use?
Werkzeug
Jinja sqlite3
Pygments
WSGI
TemplatesDatabase
Code Highlighting
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#0: Database
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#0: Database
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#1: Imports
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#2: Configuration
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#3: Dispatching
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
http://localhost:5000/pygments.csshttp://localhost:5000/pygments.csshttp://localhost:5000/42/rawhttp://localhost:5000/42/rawhttp://localhost:5000/42http://localhost:5000/42http://localhost:5000/http://localhost:5000/ -
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
Di hi
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
3 Di hi
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
#3 Di hi
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
#3 Di hi
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
#3 Di t hi
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
#3 Di t hi
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
#3 Di t hi
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#3: Dispatchingurl_map = Map([
Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'),Rule('/', endpoint='show_paste'),
Rule('//raw', endpoint='download_paste'),Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style')
])
defapplication(environ, start_response):request = Request(environ)
request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE)url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
try:endpoint, values = url_adapter.match()
response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring):
response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error:
response = error return response(environ, start_response)
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#4 Vi
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#4: Views
#4 Vi
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#4: Views
#4 Vi
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#4: Views
#4 Vi
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#4: Views
#4 Vi
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#4: Views
#5 M d l
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#5: Model
#5 M d l
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#5: Model
#5 M d l
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#5: Model
#6 Templates
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#6: Templates
#6 Templates
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#6: Templates
#6: Templates
http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtdhttp://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd -
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#6: Templates
#6: Templates
http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtdhttp://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd -
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#6: Templates
http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtdhttp://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd -
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Development Server
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Development Server
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Dump It! In Action
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Dump It! In Action
Dump It! In Action
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Dump It! In Action
Dump It! In Action
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Dump It! In Action
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More Than One Way
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More Than One Way
Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
More Than One Way
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More Than One Way
Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
More Than One Way
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More Than One Way
Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
AJAX: JSON / XML / HTML Fragments
More Than One Way
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More Than One Way
Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
AJAX: JSON / XML / HTML Fragments URLs: Regular Expressions / Werkzeug
Routing / Routes / Objekt-basierend / Query
Parameters
More Than One Way
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More Than One Way
Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
AJAX: JSON / XML / HTML Fragments URLs: Regular Expressions / Werkzeug
Routing / Routes / Objekt-basierend / Query
Parameters
Dispatching: Controller / View-Functions
More Than One Way
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More Than One Way
Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
AJAX: JSON / XML / HTML Fragments URLs: Regular Expressions / Werkzeug
Routing / Routes / Objekt-basierend / Query
Parameters
Dispatching: Controller / View-Functions Auth: Apache / LDAP / OpenID
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http://werkzeug.pocoo.org/http://lucumr.pocoo.org/talks/ltgraz08/
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