western art music
DESCRIPTION
Western Art Music. Era, Era. Medieval (1150-1450) Renaissance (1450-1600) Baroque (1600-1750) Classical (1750-1820) Romantic (1820-1920) Modern (1920-Present). Medieval Era. Was there music before the medieval? Yes. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Western Art Western Art MusicMusic
Era, Era
Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris (1163-1345)
Renaissance
French word for “Rebirth”
Rise of secular (not religious) music forms and polyphony (multiple voices at the same time)
Minstrels, troubadours, minnesingers.
Renaissance Artists
Michelangelo (1475-1564)Michelangelo (1475-1564)Leonardo da Vinci (1452-Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)1519)
Raphael (1483-1520)Raphael (1483-1520)
Donatello (1386-1466)Donatello (1386-1466)
“The Last Supper”Leonardo da Vinci,
1495-98
Baroque Times
Jamestown, Virginia founded as first English colony in North America (1607)
Math/Science- Newton, Galileo, Copernicus
English Civil War (1642-1651)
Old empires dissolving, new ones forming; rise of Nationalism
Music is more ornate than previous times; instrumental music written more than vocal music.
Composers: Bach, Händel, Vivaldi.
St. Paul’s Cathedral,London, England (1710)
Architect- Sir Christopher Wren. Architect- Sir Christopher Wren.
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
German
Worked as court composer and/or music director in three cities
1126 known published works, all recorded by Bach Works Catalogue (BWV)
Survived by many sons who also became composers
Georg Friderich Händel(1685-1759)
German-born
Known especially for oratorio Messiah (1741) and Water Music (1717)
1723- moved to London, commissioned to write works for Royal Academy of Music, Covent Garden Opera, and King George I.
One of few foreign-born personalities to be buried in Westminster Abbey
The Classical Era
New addition to music: dynamics and phrasing
Less complex/ornate than baroque music
4 July 1776- Declaration of Independence
14 July 1789- Bastille Day- beginning of French Revolution
1806- Napoleon storms in, Holy Roman Empire dissolves
Musical life is centered around Vienna
Franz Josef Haydn(1732-1809)
Austrian
“Father of the Symphony” , wrote over 100 symphonies
Taught Beethoven
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)
Austrian
Child prodigy- toured around Europe with his father
First opera- age 14
Operas- Don Giovanni, Le Nozze di Figaro, Die Zauberflöte
Last piece composed was ironically the Requiem Mass
Ludwig van Beethoven(1770-1827)
German-born
Student of Haydn
Began to lose hearing around 1796
One opera, 32 piano sonatas, nine ground-breaking symphonies.
Romanticist Music
Music tells a story, mostly of the human experience.
Composers begin to write based on their country’s folk music traditions
Russia- Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Tchaikovsky
Germany/Austria- Brahms, Strauss I, Strauss II, Schumann, Wagner
France- Faure, Berlioz, Saint-Säens, Bizet
Eastern Europe- Dvořák (Czech), Liszt (Hungarian), Chopin (Polish), Sibelius (Finnish), Grieg (Norwegian)
Italy- Puccini, Verdi, Rossini, Paganini
Museum of science and industry, chicago, 1893
All about breaking the traditional rules of music and being creative
Had more competition with the rise of folk music forms (jazz, pop, rock, etc.)
“BIG invention in music- phonograph (1877)
“CLASSICAL” MUSIC IN THE 20TH CENTURY
“Focuses on a suggestion or an atmosphere rather than an emotion or telling a story”
Use of less common scales and intervals
Composers: Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Erik Satie (all French)
Impressionism
Monet: “Impression, Monet: “Impression, Sunrise” (1872)Sunrise” (1872)
Chance music- Music based on everything that happens around it.
Serialism- music based on short patterns.
Sound, more than music- using instruments in different ways to make different sounds (George Crumb, Henry Cowell, Krzysztof Penderecki)
Minimalism- Phillip Glass, Steve Reich, John Adams
Postmodern music
Postmodern art
Dadaism- “The Treachery of Images”, Rene Magritte, 1929Dadaism- “The Treachery of Images”, Rene Magritte, 1929