wk tutesmor
DESCRIPTION
tesTRANSCRIPT
PENDAHULUAN
Tumor primer (70-80%):
Otak dan selaput otak
Insidensi 6: 100.000
Tumor sekunder (20-30%):
metastase paru, tiroid, payudara, prostat, cervix, dll
Lokasi Tumor
Supratentorial
Infratentorial
Dewasa 80% supratentorial : 20% Infratentorial
Anak 40% supratentorial : 60% Infratentorial
KLASIFIKASI TUMOR :
Klasifikasi Samuels (1986) berdasarkan atas lokasi tumor,
1. Tumor supratentorial
a. Hemisfer otak :
Glioma : - glioblastoma multiforme
- astrositoma
- oligodendroglioma
Meningioma
Tumor metastasis
b. Tumor struktur median :
Adenoma hipofisis
Tumor glandula pinealis
Kraniofaringioma
2. Tumor infratentorial
Dewasa :
a. Schwannoma akustikus (neurilemmoma, neurinoma akustik)
b. Tumor metastasis
c. Meningioma
d. Hemangioblastoma (Von Hippel – Lindau)
Anak-anak :
a. Astrositoma serebelaris
b. Medulloblastoma
c. Ependimoma
d. Glioma batang otak
3. Tumor medulla spinalis
a. Ekstradural : Metastasis, Dermoid
b. Intradural :
Ekstramedular :
Meningioma
Neurofibroma (30 %)
Angioma
Intramedular : Ependimoma (60 % tumor MS)
ETIOLOGI :
:
1. Bawaan (meningioma, astrositoma dan neurofibroma)
2. Bangunan embrional yang tersisa (kraniofaringioma, teratoma
intrakranial, kordoma,.
3. Radiasi dengan dosis terapeutik dapat merangsang sel-sel
mesenkhimal. Beberapa laporan bahwa radiasi berperan
timbulnya meningioma.
4. Virus (virus Epstein Barr) disangka berperan dalam
genesisnya “Burkitt’s lymphoma” juga karsinoma anaplastik
nasofaring.
5. Zat-zat karsinogenik “methylcholanthrone” dan “nitro-ethyl-
urea” dapat menyebabkan tumor otak primer.
CAUSES
Only unequivocal risk factor for glial and meningeal neoplasms is ionizing radiation.
Alledged to increase the risk of brain tumors
Use of cellular telephones
Exposure to high-tension wires
Use of hair dyes
Head trauma
Dietary exposure to n-nitrosurea compounds
DIAGNOSIS
Based on classic symptoms (headache) and findings on neurologic exam that are substantiated by specific diagnostic imaging.
TREATMENT Surgery is part of the initial management of virtually
all brain tumors.
Establishes diagnosis
Relieves symptoms
Radiation therapy is useful in the management of malignant brain tumors.
SISTEM LIQUOR CEREBRI SPINAL LCS diproduksi 500 cc / hari
Plexus choroidalis di ventrikel lateralis-III-IV
Hidrosefalus
Peningkatan cairan sekresi
Hambatan absorbsi
TerapiAtasi Etiologi : SAH, Meningitis, Tumor, dll
Drainage :
-eksternal : infeksi/septik
-Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt: steril