Wordlist 8Giving Nature a Hand

مرکز مطالعات و توسعه آموزش علوم پزشکی

1. Advocate (v.)Definition: to publicly support or suggest an idea, development or way of doing something

Synonym: support, advise, prescribe Example: She advocates taking a more long-

term view.  Word Family:

ad·vo·ca·tive, adjectivead·vo·ca·tor, nounnon·ad·vo·cate, nounpre·ad·vo·cate, noun

2. Aid (n.)Definition: a piece of equipment that helps you

to do somethingSynonym: assistant

Example: teaching aids, such as books and videos  

Word Family:aid·er, noun

aid·ful, adjectiveaid·less, adjective

un·aid·ed, adjectiveun·aid·ed·ly, adverb

3. Alternative (adj.)Definition:

affording a choice of two or more things, propositions, or courses of action.

Synonym: substituteExample: an alternative route  

Word Family:al·ter·na·tive·ly, adverb

al·ter·na·tive·ness, al·ter·na·tiv·i·ty, nounqua·si-al·ter·na·tive, adjectivequa·si-al·ter·na·tive·ly, adverb

4. Ancestor (n.)

Definition: a person related to you who lived a long time ago

Synonym: forefather, predecessorExample: There were portraits of his

ancestors on the walls of the room. Word Family:

5. Burial (n.)

Definition: the act of putting a dead body into the ground, or the ceremony connected

with thisSynonym: funeral, entombment

Example: We went back to Ireland for my uncle's burial.  Word Family:

re·bur·i·al, noun

6. Combine (v.)Definition: to (cause to) exist together, or join together to

make a single thing or groupSynonym: amalgamate, merge, unite

Example: None of us has much money so let's combine what we've got. 

Word Family:com·bin·er, nounin·ter·com·bine, verb (used with object), in·ter·com·bined, in·ter·com·bin·ing.

non·com·bin·ing, adjectivepre·com·bine, verb, pre·com·bined, pre·com·bin·ing.re·com·bine, verb, re·com·bined, re·com·bin·ing.

7. Component (n.)

Definition: a part which combines with other parts to form something bigger

Synonym: part, element, ingredient, sectionExample: The factory supplies electrical

components for cars. Word Family:

com·po·nen·tial, adjectivecom·po·nent·ed, adjective

sub·com·po·nent, noun

8. Confine (v.)Definition: to limit an activity, person or problem in some way

Synonym: limit, restrict Example: Let's confine our discussion to the matter in question,

please!  Word Family:

con·fin·a·ble, con·fine·a·ble, adjectivecon·fine·less, adjective

con·fin·er, nounnon·con·fin·ing, adjective

pre·con·fine, verb (used with object), pre·con·fined, pre·con·fin·ing.

9. Discrimination (n.)Definition:

an act or instance of discriminating, or of making a distinction.

Synonym: differentiation, distinction Example: His sharp ears has a great discrimination

power.  Word Family:

dis·crim·i·na·tion·al, adjectivean·ti·dis·crim·i·na·tion, adjective

non·dis·crim·i·na·tion, nounpre·dis·crim·i·na·tion, nounself-dis·crim·i·na·tion, noun

10. Distant (adj)Definition: far away

Synonym: far, remoteExample: She could hear the distant sound of

fireworks exploding. Word Family:

dis·tant·ly, adverbdis·tant·ness, noun

o·ver·dis·tant, adjectiveo·ver·dis·tant·ly, adverb

qua·si-dis·tant, adjective

11. Eliminate (v.)Definition: to remove or take away

Synonym: remove, get rid of, wipe outExample: A move towards healthy eating could

help eliminate heart disease. Word Family:

e·lim·i·na·tive, adjectivenon·e·lim·i·na·tive, adjective

pre·e·lim·i·nate, verb (used with object), pre·e·lim·i·nat·ed, pre·e·lim·i·nat·ing.un·e·lim·i·nat·ed, adjective

12. Evaluation (n.)Definition: to judge or calculate the quality,

importance, amount or value of somethingSynonym: assessment, judgment

Example: We shall need to evaluate how the new material stands up to wear and tear.  

Word Family:mis·e·val·u·a·tion, nounnon·e·val·u·a·tion, noun

o·ver·e·val·u·a·tion, nounre·e·val·u·a·tion, noun

self-e·val·u·a·tion, noun

13. Exploration (n.)

Definition: when you search and find out about something

Synonym: investigation, study, inquiryExample: The exploration for new sources of

energy is vital for the future of our planet.  Word Family:

re·ex·plo·ra·tion, noun

14. Impose (v.)Definition: to officially force a rule, tax, punishment,

etc. to be obeyed or receivedSynonym: force, thrust, inflict

Example: Very high taxes have recently been imposed on cigarettes. 

Word Family:im·pos·a·ble, adjective

im·pos·er, nouno·ver·im·pose, verb (used with object), o·ver·im·posed, o·

ver·im·pos·ing.pre·im·pose, verb (used with object), pre·im·posed, pre·i

m·pos·ing.re·im·pose, verb, re·im·posed, re·im·pos·ing.

15. Improve (v.)Definition: to (cause something to) get better

Synonym: advance, progress, developExample: He did a lot to improve conditions for factory

workers.Word Family:

im·prov·a·ble, adjectiveim·prov·a·bil·i·ty, im·prov·a·ble·ness, noun

im·prov·a·bly, adverbim·prov·ing·ly, adverb

pre·im·prove, verb (used with object), pre·im·proved, pre·im·prov·ing.

16. Inconvenience (n.)

Definition: a state or an example of problems or trouble, which often causes a delay or loss of

comfort Synonym: trouble, problem,

Example: We apologize for any inconvenience caused by the late arrival of the train. 

Word Family:un·in·con·ven·ienced, adjective

17. Objective (n.)Definition: something which you plan to do or

achieveSynonym: aim, intention, target

Example: Her main/prime objective now is simply to stay in power.  

Word Family: ob·jec·tive·ly, adverb

ob·jec·tive·ness, nounpre·ob·jec·tive, adjective

qua·si-ob·jec·tive, adjectivequa·si-ob·jec·tive·ly, adverb

18. Opt for (v.)

Definition: do something instead of other things

Synonym: choose, prefer Example: Most of the people opt for bicycles

nowadays. Word Family:

19.Proportion (n.)Definition: the number or amount of a group or part of

something when compared to the wholeSynonym: portion, amount, quantity

Example: Children make up a large proportion of the world's population. 

Word Family:pro·por·tion·er, noun

pro·por·tion·less, adjectivemis·pro·por·tion, noun

re·pro·por·tion, verb (used with object)su·per·pro·por·tion, noun

20. Sum (n.)

Definition: an amount of moneySynonym: amount, quantity, volume

Example: Huge sums of money are spent on national defense. 

Word Family:sum·less, adjective

sum·less·ness, nounout·sum, verb (used with object), out·summed, out

·sum·ming.

21. Suspend (v.)Definition: to hang by attachment to something above.

Synonym: hang, sling, swingExample: to suspend a chandelier from the ceiling.  

Word Family:sus·pend·i·ble, adjectivesus·pend·i·bil·i·ty, noun

non·sus·pend·ed, adjectivepre·sus·pend, verb (used with object)

re·sus·pend, verb

22. Voluntary (adj.)Definition: done, made or given willingly, without being

forced or paid to do itSynonym: optional, discretionary, non-compulsory

Example: They chose to take voluntary redundancy. Word Family:

vol·un·tar·i·ly, adverbvol·un·tar·i·ness, noun

non·vol·un·tar·y, adjectivesem·i·vol·un·tar·y, adjective

un·vol·un·tar·i·ly, adverb