xen 虛擬機器企業版

XenEnterpriseXenEnterprisePresented by WS Liu(Nov 8th,2006)Presented by WS Liu(Nov 8th,2006)

－ Introduction to Xen and XenEnterprise

－ Install XenEnterprise－ Administrator Console－ Create Xen Virtual Machine－ Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEn

terprise Server－ Q & A

－ Introduction to Xen and XenEnterprise

－ Install XenEnterprise－ Administrator Console－ Create Xen Virtual Machine－ Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEn

terprise Server－ Q & A

SchemeSchemeSchemeScheme

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Introduction to Xen and XenEnterpriseIntroduction to Xen and XenEnterprise Xen and XenEnterprise historyXen and XenEnterprise history


The XEN VMM(virtual machine monitor) is an open-source project that is being developed in the computer laboratory of the University of Cambridge, UK. It enables us to create many virtual machines, each of which runs an instance of an operating system.

In August 2005, XenSource, a commercial company that develops virtualization solutions based on Xen, announced in Intel Developer Forum (IDF) that it has used Intel VT-Enabled Platforms with Xen to virtualize both Linux and Microsoft Windows XP SP2.

The XEN VMM(virtual machine monitor) is an open-source project that is being developed in the computer laboratory of the University of Cambridge, UK. It enables us to create many virtual machines, each of which runs an instance of an operating system.

In August 2005, XenSource, a commercial company that develops virtualization solutions based on Xen, announced in Intel Developer Forum (IDF) that it has used Intel VT-Enabled Platforms with Xen to virtualize both Linux and Microsoft Windows XP SP2.

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In August 2006, XenSource release XenEnterprise.

Industry leading open source hypervisor virtualization technology. The Xen 3 hypervisor has the features and performance for production environments. Supports Intel VT, AMD Virtualization, 32-way SMP, PAE, and 64 bit addressing.

XenEnterprise™, the first commercially packaged and supported Xen solution, enables you to easily get Xen-based virtualization up and running.

In August 2006, XenSource release XenEnterprise.

Industry leading open source hypervisor virtualization technology. The Xen 3 hypervisor has the features and performance for production environments. Supports Intel VT, AMD Virtualization, 32-way SMP, PAE, and 64 bit addressing.

XenEnterprise™, the first commercially packaged and supported Xen solution, enables you to easily get Xen-based virtualization up and running.

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Red Hat, Novell Spar Over Xen's ReadinessRed Hat, Novell Spar Over Xen's Readiness

Red Hat insists Xen still isn't ready for prime time, which may push back the release of its Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 5 platform until early 2007.

Novell recently disputed Red Hat's contention that Xen isn't ready for prime time. The Waltham, Mass., software vendor, which rolled out its Xen-enabled SUSE Linux Enterprise 10 platform three weeks ago, claims that Red Hat is maligning the state of Xen and is trying to cripple its efforts on the virtualization front.

Reference news links:http://www.zdnet.com.au/news/software/soa/Xen_leads_Novell_s_turnaround_effort_in_Linux/0,130061733,139263689,00.htm

http://www.zdnet.com.au/news/software/soa/Xen_not_ready_for_prime_time_says_Red_Hat/0,130061733,139265136,00.htmhttp://www.infoworld.com/article/06/08/07/32OPopenent_1.html

Red Hat, Novell Spar Over Xen's ReadinessRed Hat, Novell Spar Over Xen's Readiness

Red Hat insists Xen still isn't ready for prime time, which may push back the release of its Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 5 platform until early 2007.

Novell recently disputed Red Hat's contention that Xen isn't ready for prime time. The Waltham, Mass., software vendor, which rolled out its Xen-enabled SUSE Linux Enterprise 10 platform three weeks ago, claims that Red Hat is maligning the state of Xen and is trying to cripple its efforts on the virtualization front.

Reference news links:http://www.zdnet.com.au/news/software/soa/Xen_leads_Novell_s_turnaround_effort_in_Linux/0,130061733,139263689,00.htm

http://www.zdnet.com.au/news/software/soa/Xen_not_ready_for_prime_time_says_Red_Hat/0,130061733,139265136,00.htmhttp://www.infoworld.com/article/06/08/07/32OPopenent_1.html

Introduction to Xen and XenEnterpriseIntroduction to Xen and XenEnterpriseIntroduction to Xen and XenEnterpriseIntroduction to Xen and XenEnterprise

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Types of Monitor.Types of Monitor.Types of Monitor.Types of Monitor. Monitor runs on a higher privilege level than the

guest OS. Sensitive/Privileged instructions. (Ex: MOV) Classified by the amount of guest OS instructions

that are executed by monitor or by the real hardware. CSIM (Complete software Interpreter machine),

Hybrid VM (HVM) and VMM. VMM : Requires that “Statistically dominant subset of

the virtual processor instructions be executed on the real processor” . (Type 1 and Type 2)

Xen –Type 1 VMM. VMWare GSX Server –Type 2 VMM.


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Type 1 and Type 2 VMMsType 1 and Type 2 VMMs

Type I VMMHardware

Virtual Machine Monitor

Guest Operating System

Guest Process

Guest Process

Type II VMM

Virtual Machine Monitor

Guest Operating System

Host Operating System

Hardware

Guest Process

Guest Process

Runs directly on hardware

Good performance

Uses existing host OS abstractions to implement services

Poor performance


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Full Virtualization: No modification required for the guest OS

(VMWare’s ESXServer). Drawbacks : (especially on x86)

1. Sensitive Instructions fail without traps.

2. Need dynamic rewrite of OS kernel.

3. Shadow system structures (performance issue to sync virtual and shadow structures).

4. Guest OS may need both virtual and real resources. (Time: TCP timeouts and RTT, Machine address for super pages etc).

Full Virtualization and Para Full Virtualization and Para VirtualizationVirtualizationFull Virtualization and Para Full Virtualization and Para VirtualizationVirtualization

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Full Virtualization and Para Full Virtualization and Para VirtualizationVirtualizationFull Virtualization and Para Full Virtualization and Para VirtualizationVirtualizationPara Virtualization: Exposed hardware is similar but not

identical to the real machine. ABI not changed. (Guest apps run

without changes). High performance. Drawback

OS modifications is required.

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Architecture of XenArchitecture of XenArchitecture of XenArchitecture of XenIntroduction to Xen and XenEnterpriseIntroduction to Xen and XenEnterpriseIntroduction to Xen and XenEnterpriseIntroduction to Xen and XenEnterprise

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Xen Hypervisor runs in ring 0. Guest OS runs in a lower privilege level (ring 1). Privileged

and sensitive instructions are paravirtualized by requiring them to be validated and executed by hypervisor.

Guest OS protects itself from it’s other processes by running in a separate address space (and separate privilege level).

Trap/Exception handlers are registered with Xen for validation. (Xen checks that the code segment of the handlers will not run in ring 0).

Fast Exception handlers for system calls.

Xen Hypervisor runs in ring 0. Guest OS runs in a lower privilege level (ring 1). Privileged

and sensitive instructions are paravirtualized by requiring them to be validated and executed by hypervisor.

Guest OS protects itself from it’s other processes by running in a separate address space (and separate privilege level).

Trap/Exception handlers are registered with Xen for validation. (Xen checks that the code segment of the handlers will not run in ring 0).

Fast Exception handlers for system calls.


Xen – CPU Xen – CPU

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Xen – Memory ManagementXen – Memory Management

Initial Memory allocation: 1. Static Allocation for each domain.

2. Dynamic expansion/contraction possible.

Virtualizing memory is Complicated in x86:1. x86-MMU handles TLB misses by searching through the

page table in the hardware. (No Soft TLB support).

2. TLB flush on context switches. (No tagged TLB support).

Initial Memory allocation: 1. Static Allocation for each domain.

2. Dynamic expansion/contraction possible.

Virtualizing memory is Complicated in x86:1. x86-MMU handles TLB misses by searching through the

page table in the hardware. (No Soft TLB support).

2. TLB flush on context switches. (No tagged TLB support).

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Virtual address translation: Page Tables: Allocated and managed by guest OSes but

restricted to read only access. Updates validated and applied by Xen. (via hypercalls)

Xen: Associates a type and reference count with each machine page frame. (PD, PT, LDT, GDT, RW).

Xen exists in the 64 MB section on top of every address space (TLB flush prevented when entering/leaving Xen Hypervisor).

Page fault Handling: (CR2 register) : Pre determined location.

Virtual address translation: Page Tables: Allocated and managed by guest OSes but

restricted to read only access. Updates validated and applied by Xen. (via hypercalls)

Xen: Associates a type and reference count with each machine page frame. (PD, PT, LDT, GDT, RW).

Xen exists in the 64 MB section on top of every address space (TLB flush prevented when entering/leaving Xen Hypervisor).

Page fault Handling: (CR2 register) : Pre determined location.

Xen – Memory ManagementXen – Memory Management

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Hypercalls : synchronous calls from domain to Hypervisor. Domains do privileged operations via hypercalls.

Events: asynchronous notifications delivered via events from Xen to domains. (For delivering h/w interrupts).

Data transfer through Descriptor rings. (Producer – Consumer).

Time and Timers: Real, Virtual and wall-clock.

Hypercalls : synchronous calls from domain to Hypervisor. Domains do privileged operations via hypercalls.

Events: asynchronous notifications delivered via events from Xen to domains. (For delivering h/w interrupts).

Data transfer through Descriptor rings. (Producer – Consumer).

Time and Timers: Real, Virtual and wall-clock.

Control /Data / TimersControl /Data / Timers

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Xen provides a Virtual Firewall-router (VFR). Each domain has one or more VIFs (virtual

Interfaces) attached logically to VFR.VFR has rules of the form <pattern><action>.Two I/O buffer descriptor rings. (Transmit and

Receive).Trans: Domain updates the transmit descriptor ring.

Xen copies the descriptor and the packet header. Header is inspected by VFR. Payload is not copied (Scatter-gather). Pages are pinned till completion.

Recv: Xen multiplexes/firewalls using VFR and avoids copy by page flipping.

Xen provides a Virtual Firewall-router (VFR). Each domain has one or more VIFs (virtual

Interfaces) attached logically to VFR.VFR has rules of the form <pattern><action>.Two I/O buffer descriptor rings. (Transmit and

Receive).Trans: Domain updates the transmit descriptor ring.

Xen copies the descriptor and the packet header. Header is inspected by VFR. Payload is not copied (Scatter-gather). Pages are pinned till completion.

Recv: Xen multiplexes/firewalls using VFR and avoids copy by page flipping.

Xen - NetworkXen - Network

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Control and ManagementControl and Management


Management software runs on a special guest OS (domain 0).

List of parameters to manage include access control (for i/o devices), amount of physical memory per domain, VFR rules etc.

Mgmt software uses control interfaces provided by Xen.

Management software runs on a special guest OS (domain 0).

List of parameters to manage include access control (for i/o devices), amount of physical memory per domain, VFR rules etc.

Mgmt software uses control interfaces provided by Xen.

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Install XenEnterpriseInstall XenEnterpriseInstall XenEnterpriseInstall XenEnterprise

Before installThis version of XenEnterprise does not support all of the

features available in open source Xen:Only paravirtualized operating systems are supported. No

support is provided yet for running Windows on VT or AMD-V hardware.

No support is provided yet for hosting 64-bit Xen VMs.Xen supports 32-bit processors with and without Physical

Address Extension (PAE), 64-bit processors, and Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) guest operating systems.

If your system have loopback or modem connect to com port,you need to remove it before install!!

Before installThis version of XenEnterprise does not support all of the

features available in open source Xen:Only paravirtualized operating systems are supported. No

support is provided yet for running Windows on VT or AMD-V hardware.

No support is provided yet for hosting 64-bit Xen VMs.Xen supports 32-bit processors with and without Physical

Address Extension (PAE), 64-bit processors, and Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) guest operating systems.

If your system have loopback or modem connect to com port,you need to remove it before install!!

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System requirementSystem requirement

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Step 0.1Go XenEnterprise official web page

http://www.xensource.com/products/xen_enterprise/

click on download a 30 day trial and fill out and submit the form

http://www.xensource.com/products/xen_enterprise/eval_request.html

Step 0.2After register complete, you will get a mail from

[email protected] that contain trial download page link and your 30 day trial license key.

Step 0.1Go XenEnterprise official web page


click on download a 30 day trial and fill out and submit the form


Step 0.2After register complete, you will get a mail from

[email protected] that contain trial download page link and your 30 day trial license key.




mailto:[email protected]




mailto:[email protected]

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Step 1 Boot from XenEnterprise trial cd.

Select Install XenEnterprise Server and choose OK to proceed.

Step 1 Boot from XenEnterprise trial cd.

Select Install XenEnterprise Server and choose OK to proceed.


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Step 2The next screen displays a message telling you that the

setup program will install XenEnterprise on the computer, and warns that it will overwrite data on any hard drives that you select to use for the installation.

Choose OK to proceed.

If you have multiple local hard disks, you are asked to choose the Primary Disk for the installation. If you have multiple disks, after selecting the primary one, you are also prompted to choose if you want any of the other drives to be formatted for use by XenEnterprise for XenVM storage. (If the computer has a single hard disk, there is nothing to choose here.)

Step 2The next screen displays a message telling you that the

setup program will install XenEnterprise on the computer, and warns that it will overwrite data on any hard drives that you select to use for the installation.

Choose OK to proceed.

If you have multiple local hard disks, you are asked to choose the Primary Disk for the installation. If you have multiple disks, after selecting the primary one, you are also prompted to choose if you want any of the other drives to be formatted for use by XenEnterprise for XenVM storage. (If the computer has a single hard disk, there is nothing to choose here.)


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Step 3.1Accept EULA.

Step 3.2The next screen asks you to choose the type of keymap for the keyboard you are using (the default is QWERTY). Select the desired keymap and choose OK to proceed.

Step 3.1Accept EULA.

Step 3.2The next screen asks you to choose the type of keymap for the keyboard you are using (the default is QWERTY). Select the desired keymap and choose OK to proceed.


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Step 4The next screen asks you to choose the type of keyboard

you are using (the default is US). Select the desired keyboard type and choose OK to proceed.

Step 4The next screen asks you to choose the type of keyboard

you are using (the default is US). Select the desired keyboard type and choose OK to proceed.


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Step 5The next screen asks you to specify the source of the

installation packages. If you are installing off the CD, you will most likely want to select Local XenSource media. If you are installing via PXE you will most likely want to select HTTP or FTP or NFS, as appropriate. Make your selection and choose OK to proceed.

Step 5The next screen asks you to specify the source of the

installation packages. If you are installing off the CD, you will most likely want to select Local XenSource media. If you are installing via PXE you will most likely want to select HTTP or FTP or NFS, as appropriate. Make your selection and choose OK to proceed.

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Step 6The next screen asks you if you want to verify the

integrity of the installation media.Choose skip verification to proceed.

Step 6The next screen asks you if you want to verify the

integrity of the installation media.Choose skip verification to proceed.

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Step 7You are next prompted to set a root password. (This will

be the password that the Administrator Console application will use to connect to the XenEnterprise Server.) Type the desired password and type it again to verify it.

Step 7You are next prompted to set a root password. (This will

be the password that the Administrator Console application will use to connect to the XenEnterprise Server.) Type the desired password and type it again to verify it.

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Step 8You are prompted to select the general geographical area

and specific locale for Time Zone. Choose from the displayed list of geographical areas, specific locale then choose OK to proceed.

Step 8You are prompted to select the general geographical area

and specific locale for Time Zone. Choose from the displayed list of geographical areas, specific locale then choose OK to proceed.

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Install XenEnterpriseInstall XenEnterpriseInstall XenEnterpriseInstall XenEnterpriseStep 9You are prompted to choose a method of setting the

System Time. You can select Using NTP or Manual time entry.

Warning Currently XenEnterprise assumes that the time setting for the

server’s BIOS is the current time in UTC, and that the time for the XenVMs reflects the local time based on the time zone offset specified.

Step 9You are prompted to choose a method of setting the

System Time. You can select Using NTP or Manual time entry.

Warning Currently XenEnterprise assumes that the time setting for the

server’s BIOS is the current time in UTC, and that the time for the XenVMs reflects the local time based on the time zone offset specified.

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Step 10You are prompted to set up Networking. You can select to

configure all interfaces with DHCP, or specify a different network configuration, which prompts you to set up networking by selecting the NIC or NICs that are present and configuring their properties manually.

Step 10You are prompted to set up Networking. You can select to

configure all interfaces with DHCP, or specify a different network configuration, which prompts you to set up networking by selecting the NIC or NICs that are present and configuring their properties manually.

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Step 11 You are next prompted to specify the configuration for the name

service.If you select Specify Hostname manually, enter the desired hostname for the server in the field below.If you select Enter DNS server manually, enter the IP addresses of your primary (required), secondary (optional), and tertiary (optional) Name servers in the fields below.Otherwise, select OK to get a hostname and/or name service configuration via DHCP.

Step 11 You are next prompted to specify the configuration for the name

service.If you select Specify Hostname manually, enter the desired hostname for the server in the field below.If you select Enter DNS server manually, enter the IP addresses of your primary (required), secondary (optional), and tertiary (optional) Name servers in the fields below.Otherwise, select OK to get a hostname and/or name service configuration via DHCP.

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Step 12 A message is displayed that the installation is ready to proceed and

that this will format the selected disks and destroy any data that is currently on them. Select OK to proceed.

A progress bar is displayed as the installation commences. If you chose to set the system date and time manually, a dialog box

appears when the progress bar has reached about 90%. Enter the correct numbers in the fields and select OK to proceed.

Step 12 A message is displayed that the installation is ready to proceed and

that this will format the selected disks and destroy any data that is currently on them. Select OK to proceed.

A progress bar is displayed as the installation commences. If you chose to set the system date and time manually, a dialog box

appears when the progress bar has reached about 90%. Enter the correct numbers in the fields and select OK to proceed.

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Step 13 When finished, a completion message is displayed. Select OK to

reboot system. Upon reaching the login prompt, the system should now be ready to manage via the Administrator Console.You will need the IP address or hostname of the XenEnterprise Server. This is displayed at the login prompt.

Step 13 When finished, a completion message is displayed. Select OK to

reboot system. Upon reaching the login prompt, the system should now be ready to manage via the Administrator Console.You will need the IP address or hostname of the XenEnterprise Server. This is displayed at the login prompt.

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Administrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator Console

Installing the Administrator Console The Administrator Console is a Java application that can be

installed and run on Windows 2000/2003/XP or Linux computers. The installer packages for each platform include the Java Runtime Environment (JRE).

Note

The Administrator Console uses its own private copy of the JRE, even if one is present on the machine you install it on. The installer does not overwrite any Java system variables like JAVA_HOME or CLASSPATH that may already be set.

Installing the Administrator Console The Administrator Console is a Java application that can be

installed and run on Windows 2000/2003/XP or Linux computers. The installer packages for each platform include the Java Runtime Environment (JRE).

Note

The Administrator Console uses its own private copy of the JRE, even if one is present on the machine you install it on. The installer does not overwrite any Java system variables like JAVA_HOME or CLASSPATH that may already be set.

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To install the Administrator Console on a Windows computer:

1. Before installing the Administrator Console, be sure to uninstall the previous version if one exists.

2. Put the CD in the drive.

3. Browse to the /client_install directory on the CD and find the file named xenenterprise_client.exe.

4. Double-click on the file’s icon to launch the application installer. Follow the instructions displayed in the installer window. When prompted for installation directory, either click Browse to change the default installation location, or click Next to accept the default path C:\Program Files\XenSource.

5. When complete, there will be a XenSource group on the All Programs list.

To install the Administrator Console on a Windows computer:



3. Browse to the /client_install directory on the CD and find the file named xenenterprise_client.exe.

4. Double-click on the file’s icon to launch the application installer. Follow the instructions displayed in the installer window. When prompted for installation directory, either click Browse to change the default installation location, or click Next to accept the default path C:\Program Files\XenSource.

5. When complete, there will be a XenSource group on the All Programs list.

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To install the Administrator Console on a Linux computer:



3. Change directory to the /client_install directory on the CD and find the three RPMs named

4. Install the following three RPMs: rpm -ivh *.rpm xenenterprise-client-3.0.0-6140.6140.i386.rpm (this package

contains the XenSource jar files) xenenterprise-client-jars-3.0.0-6140.6140.i386.rpm (this package

contains third-party jar files used by the product) xenenterprise-client-jre-3.0.0-6140.6140.i386.rpm (this package

contains the JRE files).

To install the Administrator Console on a Linux computer:



3. Change directory to the /client_install directory on the CD and find the three RPMs named

4. Install the following three RPMs: rpm -ivh *.rpm xenenterprise-client-3.0.0-6140.6140.i386.rpm (this package

contains the XenSource jar files) xenenterprise-client-jars-3.0.0-6140.6140.i386.rpm (this package

contains third-party jar files used by the product) xenenterprise-client-jre-3.0.0-6140.6140.i386.rpm (this package

contains the JRE files).

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Administrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleLogging in to Administrator Console for the first time When you launch the Administrator Console for the first time, a dialog

box appears, prompting you to read and accept the End User License Agreement. Click OK to accept the agreement.

Next, you are prompted to enter a Master Password. The Master Password is the password for a local database of encrypted

XenEnterprise Servers and XenVMs passwords that this Administrator Console manages. This prevents unauthorized users from gaining access to the XenEnterprise network that you deploy. It also enables you to restore the previous session by providing this single password.

Master Password dialog box

Logging in to Administrator Console for the first time When you launch the Administrator Console for the first time, a dialog

box appears, prompting you to read and accept the End User License Agreement. Click OK to accept the agreement.

Next, you are prompted to enter a Master Password. The Master Password is the password for a local database of encrypted

XenEnterprise Servers and XenVMs passwords that this Administrator Console manages. This prevents unauthorized users from gaining access to the XenEnterprise network that you deploy. It also enables you to restore the previous session by providing this single password.

Master Password dialog box

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Administrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator Console Type the desired master password and type it again to confirm it, then

click OK. Next, a dialog box appears, prompting for a XenEnterprise Server to

connect to.

Enter the XenEnterprise Server IP address or hostname and its password. Click the Remember Me checkbox if you want the XenEnterprise Server information cached locally. Click OK.

Next, the bottom part of the Administrator Console displays the License Key task tab. You need to provide a valid License Key to be able to use the XenEnterprise Server you have connected to. The license key is provided by XenSource as a file.

Type the desired master password and type it again to confirm it, then click OK.

Next, a dialog box appears, prompting for a XenEnterprise Server to connect to.

Enter the XenEnterprise Server IP address or hostname and its password. Click the Remember Me checkbox if you want the XenEnterprise Server information cached locally. Click OK.

Next, the bottom part of the Administrator Console displays the License Key task tab. You need to provide a valid License Key to be able to use the XenEnterprise Server you have connected to. The license key is provided by XenSource as a file.

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Administrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleTo enter the License key1. Click the . . . button on the License Key dialog box to browse the file

system and locate the license key file.

2. Click Apply License. The License Key tab closes and the XenEnterprise Server becomes manageable from the Administrator Console.

3. After License applied , your XenEnterprise server is ready for operate.

To enter the License key1. Click the . . . button on the License Key dialog box to browse the file

system and locate the license key file.

2. Click Apply License. The License Key tab closes and the XenEnterprise Server becomes manageable from the Administrator Console.

3. After License applied , your XenEnterprise server is ready for operate.

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Administrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleUser interface elements

The upper paneIn the upper pane, the following information is displayed for the XenEnterprise Servers and

XenVMs when they have been installed: The name of each XenEnterprise Server and XenVM The Status (On, Off, Paused, Installing, Initializing, Stopping) of each Machine CPU Usage meter that displays the current CPU usage (for the XenEnterprise Server) or

virtual CPU usage (for a XenVM), and number of CPUs Used Memory percentage meter Disk KB/s showing the disk I/O rate in KB per second and the number of disks (for the

XenEnterprise Server) or virtual disks (for a XenVM) Network KB/s showing the network I/O rate in KB per second

User interface elements

The upper paneIn the upper pane, the following information is displayed for the XenEnterprise Servers and

XenVMs when they have been installed: The name of each XenEnterprise Server and XenVM The Status (On, Off, Paused, Installing, Initializing, Stopping) of each Machine CPU Usage meter that displays the current CPU usage (for the XenEnterprise Server) or

virtual CPU usage (for a XenVM), and number of CPUs Used Memory percentage meter Disk KB/s showing the disk I/O rate in KB per second and the number of disks (for the

XenEnterprise Server) or virtual disks (for a XenVM) Network KB/s showing the network I/O rate in KB per second

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Administrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleLower pane: Overview tab The Overview tab shows the attributes and current configuration of the XenEnterprise

Server or XenVM. You can change Xen VMs setting here when Xen VMs are shutdown.

Lower pane: Graphical Console tabThe Graphical Console tab shows a graphical X-window desktop (using a VNC client) for the

XenVM (if it is On, and if it is running a VNC server; otherwise, an error message will be displayed).

Lower pane: Overview tab The Overview tab shows the attributes and current configuration of the XenEnterprise

Server or XenVM. You can change Xen VMs setting here when Xen VMs are shutdown.

Lower pane: Graphical Console tabThe Graphical Console tab shows a graphical X-window desktop (using a VNC client) for the

XenVM (if it is On, and if it is running a VNC server; otherwise, an error message will be displayed).

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Administrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleLower pane: Text Console tab The Text Console tab shows text console output of the XenEnterprise Server or XenVM

(if it is On).

Lower pane: Performance tabThe Performance tab displays graphs of CPU usage, memory usage, disk rate, and network

rate for the selected XenEnterprise Server or XenVM.

Lower pane: Text Console tab The Text Console tab shows text console output of the XenEnterprise Server or XenVM

(if it is On).

Lower pane: Performance tabThe Performance tab displays graphs of CPU usage, memory usage, disk rate, and network

rate for the selected XenEnterprise Server or XenVM.

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Administrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleAdministrator ConsoleLower pane: History tab The History tab displays information about the tasks that have been performed on the

XenEnterprise Server or XenVM, and error messages, if any.

Lower pane: History tab The History tab displays information about the tasks that have been performed on the

XenEnterprise Server or XenVM, and error messages, if any.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCurrent version of XenEnterprise support four methods to install Xen VMs

1. Using a XenSource Guest Template (XGT) file

2. Installing from vendor media on a network installation server directly onto a XenVM

3. Performing a physical to virtual (P2V) conversion on an existing physical Linux server

4. Cloning an existing XenVM

Note When installing XenVMs, be sure to follow the memory and disk space guidelines of the

operating system and any relevant applications that you want to run when allocating resources such as memory and disk space.

Installing a Xen VM using XGT Templates1. Select a XenEnterprise Server in the list pane, then select Install XenVM from the

toolbar or menu.The tabbed area displays the Install XenVM dialog box.

2. Click on the pulldown list to select Debian Sarge Guest Template.

Current version of XenEnterprise support four methods to install Xen VMs

1. Using a XenSource Guest Template (XGT) file

2. Installing from vendor media on a network installation server directly onto a XenVM

3. Performing a physical to virtual (P2V) conversion on an existing physical Linux server

4. Cloning an existing XenVM

Note When installing XenVMs, be sure to follow the memory and disk space guidelines of the

operating system and any relevant applications that you want to run when allocating resources such as memory and disk space.

Installing a Xen VM using XGT Templates1. Select a XenEnterprise Server in the list pane, then select Install XenVM from the

toolbar or menu.The tabbed area displays the Install XenVM dialog box.

2. Click on the pulldown list to select Debian Sarge Guest Template.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual Machine3. Provide:

a name for the XenVM (this field is required) a description for the XenVM (this field is optional) the number of virtual CPUs you want the XenVM to have (the default is 1) the Initial Memory in MB (the default is 256 MB; minimum is 64 MB). This will be the

memory used by the XenVM when it is started.

4. Check the Start on XenEnterprise Server Boot checkbox if desired. When this is checked, the XenVM will automatically be restarted after a reboot of the XenEnterprise Server. Otherwise, it will be need to be restarted manually.

5. Provide optional Boot Parameters, if desired. These are standard Linux boot parameters. For multiple parameters, separate them in the field with a space. A list of values for a single argument should be separated with commas between the values, without any spaces.

For example, you might want to specify a kickstart file:>ksdevice=eth0 ks=nfs:myserver.mydomain.com:/tftpboot/kickstart/ks_rhel41dev.cfg

6. On the right side, the default Virtual Disks corresponding to the configuration of this template is displayed. Click the + button (a plus sign icon) just below to add a virtual disk to the XenVM.

3. Provide: a name for the XenVM (this field is required) a description for the XenVM (this field is optional) the number of virtual CPUs you want the XenVM to have (the default is 1) the Initial Memory in MB (the default is 256 MB; minimum is 64 MB). This will be the

memory used by the XenVM when it is started.

4. Check the Start on XenEnterprise Server Boot checkbox if desired. When this is checked, the XenVM will automatically be restarted after a reboot of the XenEnterprise Server. Otherwise, it will be need to be restarted manually.

5. Provide optional Boot Parameters, if desired. These are standard Linux boot parameters. For multiple parameters, separate them in the field with a space. A list of values for a single argument should be separated with commas between the values, without any spaces.

For example, you might want to specify a kickstart file:>ksdevice=eth0 ks=nfs:myserver.mydomain.com:/tftpboot/kickstart/ks_rhel41dev.cfg

6. On the right side, the default Virtual Disks corresponding to the configuration of this template is displayed. Click the + button (a plus sign icon) just below to add a virtual disk to the XenVM.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual Machine7. Similarly, Network Interfaces appear below the Virtual Disks.

This section contain Name, IP Address, Mac Address and Network. A MAC address is auto-assigned by XenEnterprise using the OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier) 00-16-3E, allocated to XenSource, Inc.

The fourth field is the virtual network switch on the XenEnterprise Server that the virtual NIC is attached to.By default this is xenbr0.

7. Similarly, Network Interfaces appear below the Virtual Disks.

This section contain Name, IP Address, Mac Address and Network. A MAC address is auto-assigned by XenEnterprise using the OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier) 00-16-3E, allocated to XenSource, Inc.

The fourth field is the virtual network switch on the XenEnterprise Server that the virtual NIC is attached to.By default this is xenbr0.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual Machine8. When Install XenVM pane setup ok , click Install.

When installation completes, the Status indicator temporarily changes to Off while the XenVM is started. In the History tab a Start XenVM message is displayed. In a moment the Off Status changes to Initializing..., and then On.

9. Click on the Text Console tab, and log in to the Xen Virtual Machine.

Note

When the Debian Sarge XenVM starts for the first time, you will be prompted to set a vnc and root password.

Installing an operating system from a Network

In preparation for installing from vendor media, you need to make an exploded network repository of your vendor media (not ISO images), exported via NFS, HTTP or FTP accessible to the XenEnterprise Server.

Note: In this installation mode,only text mode is supported and mouse does not work.

8. When Install XenVM pane setup ok , click Install.

When installation completes, the Status indicator temporarily changes to Off while the XenVM is started. In the History tab a Start XenVM message is displayed. In a moment the Off Status changes to Initializing..., and then On.

9. Click on the Text Console tab, and log in to the Xen Virtual Machine.

Note

When the Debian Sarge XenVM starts for the first time, you will be prompted to set a vnc and root password.

Installing an operating system from a Network

In preparation for installing from vendor media, you need to make an exploded network repository of your vendor media (not ISO images), exported via NFS, HTTP or FTP accessible to the XenEnterprise Server.

Note: In this installation mode,only text mode is supported and mouse does not work.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual Machine1. Follow the steps described above in the section called “Installing a XenVM using XGT

Templates” except that in the Install XenVM dialog box, select Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.1 Repository from the pulldown.In addition, if you want to use a kickstart file, add the required information to the Boot Parameters field.

2. After clicking Install, the XenVM installation starts, and the Text Console for the XenVM displays the first step of the installation script.

Choose the Language to use during the installation process and select OK.

1. Follow the steps described above in the section called “Installing a XenVM using XGT Templates” except that in the Install XenVM dialog box, select Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.1 Repository from the pulldown.In addition, if you want to use a kickstart file, add the required information to the Boot Parameters field.

2. After clicking Install, the XenVM installation starts, and the Text Console for the XenVM displays the first step of the installation script.

Choose the Language to use during the installation process and select OK.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual Machine3. Select NFS Image, FTP, or HTTP from the Installation Method screen. Enter the IP

configuration for the machine. Either select Use dynamic IP configuration (BOOTP/DHCP), or unselect it and edit the IP address, Netmask, Default gateway (IP), and Primary nameserver.Select OK. (It will take several moments for a request for DHCP configuration to return values and then proceed to the next screen.)

5. Next you need to specify the HTTP, FTP, or NFS location of the installation media. For NFS image, enter the name or IP address of your NFS server and the directory on

that server containing the Red Hat Enterprise Linux media. For FTP, enter the name or IP address of your FTP server and the directory on that

server containing the Red Hat Enterprise Linux media. If the FTP server requires authentication, also select Use non-anonymous ftp, then enter the account name and password you wish to use on the next screen.

For HTTP, enter the name or IP address of your Web server and the directory on that server containing the Red Hat Enterprise Linux media.

3. Select NFS Image, FTP, or HTTP from the Installation Method screen. Enter the IP configuration for the machine. Either select Use dynamic IP configuration (BOOTP/DHCP), or unselect it and edit the IP address, Netmask, Default gateway (IP), and Primary nameserver.Select OK. (It will take several moments for a request for DHCP configuration to return values and then proceed to the next screen.)

5. Next you need to specify the HTTP, FTP, or NFS location of the installation media. For NFS image, enter the name or IP address of your NFS server and the directory on

that server containing the Red Hat Enterprise Linux media. For FTP, enter the name or IP address of your FTP server and the directory on that

server containing the Red Hat Enterprise Linux media. If the FTP server requires authentication, also select Use non-anonymous ftp, then enter the account name and password you wish to use on the next screen.

For HTTP, enter the name or IP address of your Web server and the directory on that server containing the Red Hat Enterprise Linux media.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual Machine7. The installer script will find the media and run Anaconda, the Red Hat installer.

8. From this point on, follow the on-screen prompts just as you would to install on a physical machine. Refer to the vendor operating system's installation guide for specific details.

9. After making all your selections, the vendor installer formats the virtual disk and then starts installing packages. This might take some time, just as with a traditional installation onto a physical machine.After installing all packages, an Installation completion message appears. Select Reboot to reboot the XenVM.

10. After rebooting, the XenVM comes up and presents the login prompt, and is ready to use.

7. The installer script will find the media and run Anaconda, the Red Hat installer.

8. From this point on, follow the on-screen prompts just as you would to install on a physical machine. Refer to the vendor operating system's installation guide for specific details.

9. After making all your selections, the vendor installer formats the virtual disk and then starts installing packages. This might take some time, just as with a traditional installation onto a physical machine.After installing all packages, an Installation completion message appears. Select Reboot to reboot the XenVM.

10. After rebooting, the XenVM comes up and presents the login prompt, and is ready to use.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachinePhysical to Virtual Conversion (P2V) P2V is the process by which an existing operating system on a physical server—its

filesystem, configuration, etc. — is cast into a virtualized instance of the same operating system and filesystem,transferred, instantiated, and started as a XenVM on the XenEnterprise Server. This is accomplished by booting from the XenEnterprise installation CD and choosing the P2V option. The filesystem is copied across the network via ssh onto a logical volume of the XenEnterprise Server and will then be instantiated as a XenVM.

Note Because Xen is a paravirtualizing hypervisor, the operating system kernel itself must be

modified to run with Xen. Hence, only Linux distributions that are currently supported can be made into a template using the P2V tool. Unmodified guests on a XenEnterprise Server with Intel VT or AMD Pacifica extensions are not yet supported in XenEnterprise.

XenVMs made using the P2V tool are configured with a root device that is allocated 150% of the space occupied in the root file system of the host it was captured from, with a minimum size of 4GB and a maximum of 13GB. No swap device is automatically created for these XenVMs.

Physical to Virtual Conversion (P2V) P2V is the process by which an existing operating system on a physical server—its

filesystem, configuration, etc. — is cast into a virtualized instance of the same operating system and filesystem,transferred, instantiated, and started as a XenVM on the XenEnterprise Server. This is accomplished by booting from the XenEnterprise installation CD and choosing the P2V option. The filesystem is copied across the network via ssh onto a logical volume of the XenEnterprise Server and will then be instantiated as a XenVM.

Note Because Xen is a paravirtualizing hypervisor, the operating system kernel itself must be

modified to run with Xen. Hence, only Linux distributions that are currently supported can be made into a template using the P2V tool. Unmodified guests on a XenEnterprise Server with Intel VT or AMD Pacifica extensions are not yet supported in XenEnterprise.

XenVMs made using the P2V tool are configured with a root device that is allocated 150% of the space occupied in the root file system of the host it was captured from, with a minimum size of 4GB and a maximum of 13GB. No swap device is automatically created for these XenVMs.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineTo P2V an existing server to a XenEnterprise Server1. Reboot the physical server that you want to convert and boot from the XenEnterprise

installation CD.

2. After the initial boot messages, you will see the "Welcome to XenEnterprise" screen. (In this and the screens that follow, use Tab or Alt+Tab to move between elements, Space to select, and F12 to move to the next screen.)Select OK to proceed.

3. The installer does some hardware detection and initialization, then presents a screen with three choices. Select Convert existing OS on this machine to a XenVM (P2V) and choose OK to proceed.

4. A "Welcome to XenEnterprise P2V" message is displayed next. Click OK to proceed.

To P2V an existing server to a XenEnterprise Server1. Reboot the physical server that you want to convert and boot from the XenEnterprise

installation CD.

2. After the initial boot messages, you will see the "Welcome to XenEnterprise" screen. (In this and the screens that follow, use Tab or Alt+Tab to move between elements, Space to select, and F12 to move to the next screen.)Select OK to proceed.

3. The installer does some hardware detection and initialization, then presents a screen with three choices. Select Convert existing OS on this machine to a XenVM (P2V) and choose OK to proceed.

4. A "Welcome to XenEnterprise P2V" message is displayed next. Click OK to proceed.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual Machine5. The next screen displays the installed Linux instances found on the local hard drive. If

there are multiple Linux instances present, select the desired one. Select OK to proceed.

6. Enter a description string, if desired. Select OK to proceed.

7. Enter the desired volume size. Select OK to proceed.

5. The next screen displays the installed Linux instances found on the local hard drive. If there are multiple Linux instances present, select the desired one. Select OK to proceed.

6. Enter a description string, if desired. Select OK to proceed.

7. Enter the desired volume size. Select OK to proceed.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual Machine8. You are prompted for the IP address or hostname of the target XenEnterprise Server.

Enter it and click OK to proceed.

Note You need manually press alt+F2 to setup nic ip address.Login as root.If you have dhcp

server,just type ifup eth0 and see if you get ip from console.If there is no dhcp server,use ifconfig eth0 ip_address to setup ip manually.

You can P2V OS image to a NFS server if you have one.You can install a P2Ved OS image from NFS server later.After P2V to a NFS server,mount the NFS path to /var/opt/xen/xgt_import.And use Install XenVM,you will find a new XGT template.Just use it to install XenVM.

8. You are prompted for the IP address or hostname of the target XenEnterprise Server. Enter it and click OK to proceed.

Note You need manually press alt+F2 to setup nic ip address.Login as root.If you have dhcp

server,just type ifup eth0 and see if you get ip from console.If there is no dhcp server,use ifconfig eth0 ip_address to setup ip manually.

You can P2V OS image to a NFS server if you have one.You can install a P2Ved OS image from NFS server later.After P2V to a NFS server,mount the NFS path to /var/opt/xen/xgt_import.And use Install XenVM,you will find a new XGT template.Just use it to install XenVM.

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Create Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual MachineCreate Xen Virtual Machine9. Finally, you are prompted for the root password of the target XenEnterprise Server. Enter

it and click OK to proceed.

10. The P2V operation commences, and a progress bar is displayed. This process can take some time. As the process proceeds, the progress bar updates from time to time and messages like "compressing root filesystem...", "calculating md5 sum...", and "transferring root filesystem..." are displayed.When finished, a completion message is displayed.Select OK to eject the CD and reboot the machine.

11. If you selected XenEnterprise Machine above, there will be a new XenVM in the upper pane of the Administrator Console connected to the XenEnterprise Server.

Cloning an existing XenVM:Just select a stopped XenVM and right click on it,select Clone.

9. Finally, you are prompted for the root password of the target XenEnterprise Server. Enter it and click OK to proceed.

10. The P2V operation commences, and a progress bar is displayed. This process can take some time. As the process proceeds, the progress bar updates from time to time and messages like "compressing root filesystem...", "calculating md5 sum...", and "transferring root filesystem..." are displayed.When finished, a completion message is displayed.Select OK to eject the CD and reboot the machine.

11. If you selected XenEnterprise Machine above, there will be a new XenVM in the upper pane of the Administrator Console connected to the XenEnterprise Server.

Cloning an existing XenVM:Just select a stopped XenVM and right click on it,select Clone.

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Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEnterprise Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEnterprise ServerServer

Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEnterprise Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEnterprise ServerServerXenVM commands

The commands for managing a XenVM are found in the toolbar when a XenVM is selected in the upper pane, or the Tasks menu. Which buttons are shown depends on the state of the XenVM.

toolbar buttons for a running XenVM toolbar buttons for a shut down XenVM toolbar buttons for a suspended XenVM

XenEnterprise Server commands The tools for managing XenEnterprise Servers are found in the toolbar when a

XenEnterprise Server is selected in the upper pane.

Toolbar buttons for a XenEnterprise Server

Extra operate command for

a running XenVM

Extra operate command for a

XenEnterprise Server (Right click on it)

XenVM commands The commands for managing a XenVM are found in the toolbar when a XenVM

is selected in the upper pane, or the Tasks menu. Which buttons are shown depends on the state of the XenVM.

toolbar buttons for a running XenVM toolbar buttons for a shut down XenVM toolbar buttons for a suspended XenVM

XenEnterprise Server commands The tools for managing XenEnterprise Servers are found in the toolbar when a

XenEnterprise Server is selected in the upper pane.

Toolbar buttons for a XenEnterprise Server

Extra operate command for

a running XenVM

Extra operate command for a

XenEnterprise Server (Right click on it)

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Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEnterprise Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEnterprise ServerServer

Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEnterprise Operate Xen Virtual Machine / XenEnterprise ServerServerXenVM configuration

You can change Xen VM setting while a Xen VM is stop.At Overview lower pane configuration,you can change cpu,memory,disk,and network interfaces.

Note

By default, XenVMs have their clocks synchronized to the XenEnterprise Server that hosts them and will ignore requests to adjust the time made by an ntp daemon if one is running. If you want a XenVM to have an independent clock, log on to its Text Console and issue the command

echo 1 > /proc/sys/xen/independent_wallclock

then run an NTP daemon.

To revert to the default, issue the command


XenVM configuration

You can change Xen VM setting while a Xen VM is stop.At Overview lower pane configuration,you can change cpu,memory,disk,and network interfaces.

Note

By default, XenVMs have their clocks synchronized to the XenEnterprise Server that hosts them and will ignore requests to adjust the time made by an ntp daemon if one is running. If you want a XenVM to have an independent clock, log on to its Text Console and issue the command


then run an NTP daemon.

To revert to the default, issue the command


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XenEnterprise PriceXenEnterprise PriceXenEnterprise PriceXenEnterprise Price

https://xensource.ltg.info/shop/productselection.aspxhttps://xensource.ltg.info/shop/productselection.aspx

XenEnterprise version:3.0.0 (#6140)

Socket:Real system cpu sockets

XenEnterprise version:3.0.0 (#6140)

Socket:Real system cpu sockets

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