行星際空間的風暴

101601526 陳 煜 ‧ 101601522 黃冠甄101601042 王耀彬 ‧ 101601524 李佩蓉101601031 黃銘輝 ‧ 101601511 簡弘文

行星際空間 ??

太空 (space) 分類 :地球空間 (Geospace)行星際空間 (Interplanetary space)

恆星際空間 (Interstellar space)

星系際空間 (Intergalactic space)

風暴• 1. 大風大雨，具有破壞力的惡劣天氣。例

句：「風暴之後，總是帶來嚴重的災情與損失。」

• 2. 比喻情勢猛烈且影響深遠的事件。例句：「經過這次政治風暴，造成了人心的不安和社會的動亂。」 by 教育部線上辭典

行星際風暴• 在行星際空間發生的具有破壞力情勢猛烈

且影響深遠的事件。

觀測工具

•人造衛星 :IMP8 、 ACE 、 GOSE

等等……

IMP-8/IMP-J/Explorer 50

IMP-8 Project Information

Facts in BriefLaunch Date: 1973-10-26Launch Vehicle: DeltaLaunch Site: CapeCanaveral, United StatesMass: 371.0 kgNominal Power: 150.0 W

Experiments on IMP-J

Advanced Composition Explorer

Part 1

簡弘文、王耀彬

Introduction

• The Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft carrying six high-resolution sensors and three monitoring instruments samples low-energy particles of solar origin and high-energy galactic particles.

• The orbit of ACE is at L1 point of Earth-Sun system.

http://www.srl.caltech.edu/ACE/ace_mission.html

Importance of ACE

• When reporting space weather , ACE provides an advance warning (about one hour) of geomagnetic storms that can overload power grids, disrupt communications on Earth, and present a hazard to astronauts.

http://www.srl.caltech.edu/ACE/ace_mission.html

Instruments and Sensors on ACE• CRIS• EPAM• MAG• SEPICA• SIS• SWEPAM• SWICS/SWIMS• ULEIS

http://www.srl.caltech.edu/ACE/ace_mission.html

EPAM(Electron, Proton, and Alpha-particle Monitor)

• The EPAM instrument on the ACE spacecraft is designed to measure a broad range of energetic particles over nearly the full unit-sphere at high time resolution.

• Measurements of ions and electrons are essential to understand the dynamics of solar flares, co-rotating interaction regions (CIR’s), interplanetary shock acceleration, and upstream terrestrial events.

MAG(Magnetometer)

• The magnetic field experiment on ACE provides continuous measurements of the local magnetic field in the interplanetary medium.

• These measurements are essential in the interpretation of simultaneous ACE observations of energetic and thermal particles distributions.

SWEPAM(Solar Wind Electron, Proton and Alpha Monitor)

• The SWEPAM experiment provides the bulk solar wind observations for the ACE.

• These observations provide the context for elemental and isotopic composition measurements made on ACE as well as allowing the direct examination of numerous solar wind phenomena such as coronal mass ejections, interplanetary shocks, and solar wind fine structure.

SWIMS (Solar Wind Ion Mass Spectrometer) and SWICS (Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer)

• The SWICS and the SWIMS on ACE are instruments optimized for measurements of the chemical and isotopic composition of solar and interstellar matter.

Interplanetary magnetic field

行星際磁場

What is IMF?

• The interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is apart of the Sun’s magnetic field that is carried into interplanetary space by the solar wind. The interplanetary magnetic field lines are said to be “frozen in” to the solar wind plasma. Because of the Sun’s rotation, the IMF, like the solar wind, travels outward in a spiral pattern that is often compared to the pattern of water sprayed from a rotating lawns prinkler.

The heliospheric current sheet• Along the plane of the Sun's magnetic equator, the oppositely

directed open field lines run parallel to each other and are separated by a thin current sheet known as the "interplanetary current sheet" or "heliospheric current sheet" (see the figure above). The current sheet is tilted (because of an offset between the Sun's rotational and magnetic axes) and warped (because of a quadrupole moment in the solar magnetic field) and thus has a wavy, "ballerina skirt"-like structure as it extends into interplanetary space (see the figure on the left). Because the Earth is located sometimes above and sometimes below the rotating current sheet, it experiences regular, periodic changes in the polarity of the IMF. These periods of alternating positive (away from the Sun) and negative (toward the Sun) polarity are known as magnetic sectors.

行星際風暴

行星際空間傳播的風暴

• Interplanetary Magnetic Cloud• Interplanetary Shock Wave• Radio Burst• X-ray Burst• Energetic Solar particles• Coronal Hole High Speed Plasma Flow

按照尺度

• 8minutes後 Radio, X-rays

• Few minutes or few hours Solar particles(350-400km/s)

• Few hours or few days solar wind disturbances

參考資料• http://www.srl.caltech.edu/ACE/ASC/• http://spaceweather.com/glossary/imf.html• http://spaceweather.com/index.html