문장 유형, 동사의 활용
Post on 31-Oct-2015
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Day 1-2
1. .
(Concept Building)
? / ?
.
decline/decrease/reduce . decline , decrease / , reduce . They (reduced/declined) the price a little. ? reduced
* 1 s + v
* 2 s + v + c
* 3 s + v + o
* 4 s + v + o + o
* 5 s + v + o + o.c
1.
1) 1 (s + vi)
(1) 1
# Profit margins declined greatly. .
The energy industry believe that the new measures will actually decline pollution. (X)
The energy industry believe that the new measures will actually decrease pollution. (O) .
decline ~ . o Mary declined his invitation to dinner. (O)# They reacted positively to change. .
(tip) to + against + by +
The university reacted quickly to the proposals. .
Many young people reacted against traditional values. .
The government reacted immediately by increasing taxes. .
# He relies heavily on his employees suggestions. .# Stem cells exist inside the teeth. .
# The same thing happened to me last year. .
(tip) take place, occur .
# The research budget will rise to $ 220,000. 22 .
(tip) rise-rose-risen . raise .
# The reports were lying on his desk. .
(tip) lie-lay-lain lay-laid-laid .
lie: (vi) , , lay (vt) ~ , .
# South Korean troops arrived safely in the Kurdish. .
(2) ~, , .# graduate from sth, ~ EX) graduate from school(tip) graduate sb: ~ . .
# complain to sb [of/about] sth, ~ ~ .
(tip) complain that + : ~ . that .
# interfere with sth, ~
(tip) disturb sb : disturb sth (X)
impede, hinder, hamper sb/sth .
# account for sth, ~ .
(tip) explain sth
# wait for sb/sth, ~ .
# dispose of sth, ~ . .
# deal with sth, ~ .
# subscribe to sth ~ .
2) 2 (s + vi + c)(1) 2
# It will be a great opportunity. .
(tip) be ~ . , Vi +c Vi The restaurant is near the building.
She is very busy now.
# Judy became anxious about her health. Judy .
# It seems (to be) a wise decision. .
(tip) seem appear appear 2 1 . .
A man suddenly appeared behind a tree.
(2) 2 After returning from the long business trip, the overseas sales manager looked -----.
: , .
: . tiredly
. ?
? tired . ^^;;
?
, look 2 .
Q1: look ? ?
A1: . look ~ .
~ ~ . look at sb/sth at .
(tip) look .
Take a good look at the photo. + , look / ~ /~ 2 .
Q3: look 2 ?
A3: ? . ^^
, look feel, smell, sound, taste . ~ / , ~ / , ~ / , ~ / . .
(tip) feel, smell, sound, taste .
She tasted the food while she cook it. .
, look look at sb/sth .Look ~ .
~ 2 .
, stay remain .
2 , ~ / . 1 . , (=) .
The production of the factory remained steadily. (X) The production of the factory remained steady. (O) .
(tip) stay remain 2 1 .
Stay (vi) , (n)
remain (vi) (n) ( remains) , ,
, .
I remained my umbrella in the classroom. (X)
I left my umbrella in the classroom. (O)2.
1) 3 (s + v + o)(2) 3
- , .# discuss about sth, ~ (X)
(note) + + .
# describe about sb/sth, ~ . (X)
# join to sb/sth, ~ . . (X)
# reach to sth, ~ /. (X)
(tip) arrive at/in sth get to sth / . reach . reach for sth, ~ part1 .
# attend in sth, ~ /. (X)
(tip) attend , . attend to sb/sth . go, participate, enroll . attend the seminar, go to the seminar, participate in the seminar, enroll for the seminar# resemble to/with sb ~ . (X)
# access to sth, ~ . (X)
# approach to sth, ~ . (X)
# contact with sb, ~ /. (X)
# exceed to/than/over sth, ~ . (X)
?
2) 4 (s + vt + I.O + D.O)
(1) 4
# They gave us T-shirts. .
# They will offer her a job. .
# I sent Mom flowers for Mother's Day. .
# Pass me the bottle. .
# We allow him $5,000 a month. 5 (=).
# I paid him $6 to cut the grass. 6 .# Our president awarded the factory division a bonus. .
# Please, show me the way to U of Windsor. (=).
# The trainers teach them vocational skills. .
# Tom asked me questions about the accident. .
# Tell me something. .
# I will buy you lunch tomorrow then. .
# I made her new dress. .
# I wrote him a letter, but he didn't reply. .# They will secure me 3 seats for the concerts. 3 .
note: + (= + ) 3 . .
1)
He gave her the doll.
He gave the doll to her.
, to for of .
# make, buy, get + D.O + for I.O
Ill buy you lunch tomorrow.
Ill buy lunch for you tomorrow.
# ask + D.O + of + I.O
He asked me a question.
He asked a question of me.
2) (4 )
Give Mr. Chaplin it. (X)
Give it to Mr. Chaplin. (O)
?
, . . ^^;;
.
(2) 3
- explain (= I.O )
explain, announce, report, mention, say, suggest, return, recommend + sth + to sb The manager explained me everything. (X) .
The manager explained everything to me. (O)
- inform (=D.O )inform sth .inform, notify, remind + sb + of/about sth The mayor informed him the policy change. (X) .
The mayor informed him of/about the policy change. (O)
assure, convince + sb + of sthalert sb to sth They convinced us their honesty. (X) .
They convinced us of their honesty. (O)
brief + sb + on sthcongratulate +Sb +on/for + sth / ~ing We briefed our president the current situation. (X) .
We briefed our president on the current situation. (O)
- provide (=I.O D.O )
provide, + sb + with sth provide + sth + to/for sb The government cant provide them food. (X) .
The government cant provide them with food. The government provide food for them. (O)
supply, present entrust + sb + with sth present + sth + to sb
The mayor presented her a gold medal. (X) .
The mayor presented her with a gold medal. The mayor presented a gold medal to her. (O)
3) 5
.
My boss wanted that I sang a song. .
, ?
want + + . 3 . . ., want .
(tip) want . .
, ?
My boss wanted me to sing a song. .
: want + 5 .
~ / ? to sing a song ? . . ^^
to sing .
(note) - - , , .
1) ()
(= ) , , , , .
I like to read books in the morning. . ()
There was nobody to help me. . ()
He came here to help me. . ()
-, ? - , , . // .
2)
.
I like reading books in the morning. . ()
3)
. ~ing ~ed .
You will see a sleeping boy there. .
I have a copy of the revised memo. . to sing - a song .
, ?
, , .
5 . .
(1) 5
make, have, let + + ()
I had him mail the letter. .
(tip) to-v to . (= .) . to- .
get + + (to-)
I got him to mail the letter. .
help + + (to- or )
I helped him mail the letter. .
I helped him to mail the letter. .
want, ask, tell, order, advise, persuade, urge, require, request, invite, inform, notify, remind + + (to)
I asked him to mail the letter. .
see, hear, feel, watch, notice + + ( or )
I saw him mail/mailing the letter. .
(tip) notice / .
notice: (n) (), (vt) () .
, notice notify.
enable, encourage, expect, cause, allow + + (to)
I expected him to mail the letter. .
(tip) enable sb .
I enabled him to mail the letter. (X)
The loan enabled me to buy the house. (O) .2)
.
I have my shirts be washed. .
I wanted my shirts to be washed. .
I saw my shirts be washed/being washed. .
? be, to be, being .
I have/wanted/saw my shirts washed.
(tip) .
) Mr. Chaplin wanted her ------.
(A) fired
(B) fire
(C) to fire
(D) firing
: (A)
: .
: - . to- to fire . . , fired to be . , / . (=) (=) . I fired him = He was fired by me.
, , be, to be, being .
think, elect, name, call, consider, keep, find, leave, make + + ( or )
We consider him (to be) a hero. .
He made me happy. .
I left the car unattended for about a month. .
He found his math class difficult. .
, know, understand, choose, believe 5 to be .
We know him honest. (X) .
We know him to be honest. (O)
5 .
100% .
. ? ^^
.
( )
Graduate from sth, Complain to sb of/about sth, Interfere with sth, Account for sth, Wait for sb/sth, Dispose of sth, Deal with sth ( )
Discuss sth,Describe sb/sth,Join sb/sth, Reach sth, Attend sth, Resemble sb, Access sth, Approach sth, Contact sb, Exceed sth
Graduate, Account, Wait, Deal /
Join, Reach, Access,Approach, Contact - 1Decline, React, Rely, Exist, Happen, Rise, Lie, Arrive - 2Be,Became, Seems, Appear 2
1. stay, remain +
2. look, feel, smell, sound, taste + 4
Give, award, Send, show, Pass, teach, Allow, ask, Pay, tell, Tell, buy, Make, write, Secure, offer, 3
1. explain (= I.O )
explain, announce, report, mention, say, suggest, return + sth + to sb
2. inform (=D.O )
1) inform, notify, remind + sb + of/about sth
2) assure, convince + sb + of sth
3) brief + sb + on sth
3. provide (=I.O D.O )
1) provide + sb + with sth provide, supply + sth + to/for sb
2) supply, present + sb + with sth present + sth + to sb 5
1.
1) make, have, let + + ()
2) get + + (to-)
3) help + + (to- or
2.
want, ask, tell, order, advise, persuade, urge, require, request, invite, inform, notify, remind + + (to)
3.
see, hear, feel, watch, notice + + ( or )
4.
enable, encourage, expect, cause, allow + + (to) vs. +
1. +
, want, tell, persuade, invite, inform, notify, remind, encourage, enable, cause, allow
2. & +
, ask, order, advise, urge, require, request, expect
+ + (be/being/to be) p.p