汽车电子软件的趋势 - autosar 如何改变您 使用飞思卡...

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TM Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. Nov 28–29, 2007 Andreas Both, 张恩勤 汽车电子软件的趋势 汽车电子软件的趋势 汽车电子软件的趋势 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 如何改变您 如何改变您 如何改变您 使用飞思卡尔控制器的方式 使用飞思卡尔控制器的方式 使用飞思卡尔控制器的方式 使用飞思卡尔控制器的方式

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Page 1: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TM

Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007.

Nov 28–29, 2007

Andreas Both, 张恩勤

汽车电子软件的趋势汽车电子软件的趋势汽车电子软件的趋势汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您如何改变您如何改变您如何改变您

使用飞思卡尔控制器的方式使用飞思卡尔控制器的方式使用飞思卡尔控制器的方式使用飞思卡尔控制器的方式

Page 2: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 1

摘要摘要摘要摘要

汽车电子软件标准 AUTOSAR 规范了崭新的汽车应用领域软件的体系结构.

沿着 2006年FTF讲座的关于AUTOSAR基本知识介绍,本次将着重介绍分层架构,以及 MCU-相关和 MCU-无关的软件的划分.

我们将展示在遵守AUTOSAR设计方法下,使用飞思卡尔产品将有怎样的变化.

Page 3: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 2

讲座安排讲座安排讲座安排讲座安排

►AUTOSAR 定义的基础软件

• 分层结构

• MCU-相关的基础软件模块

• MCU-无关的基础软件模块

►AUTOSAR 操作系统探讨

►AUTOSAR 配置方法探讨

►针对飞思卡尔控制器的AUTOSAR 软件

Page 4: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TM

AUTOSAR 基础软件

Page 5: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 4

ECU-Hardware

AUTOSAR Runtime Environment

ActuatorSoftware

Component

AUTOSARInterface

ApplicationSoftware

Component

SensorSoftware

Component

ApplicationSoftware

Component

..............

AUTOSARSoftware

Basic Software

StandardizedInterface

AUTOSARInterface

AUTOSARInterface

AUTOSARInterface

MicrocontrollerAbstraction

AUTOSARSoftware

Component

Interface

ECUFirmware

StandardSoftware

StandardizedAUTOSARInterface

Services

StandardizedInterface

ECUAbstraction

AUTOSARInterface

StandardizedInterface

ComplexDeviceDrivers

AUTOSARInterface

StandardizedInterface

Communication

StandardizedInterface

StandardizedInterface

OperatingSystem

Sta

nd

ard

ized

Inte

face

AUTOSAR 体系结构体系结构体系结构体系结构

Source: AUTOSAR GbR

Page 6: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 5

Microcontroller

Microcontroller Abstraction Layer

AUTOSAR Runtime Environment

ECU Abstraction Layer

AUTOSAR BSW 结构结构结构结构—基础层基础层基础层基础层

Services Layer

Co

mp

lex

Dri

ve

r

Bas

ic S

oft

ware

Application LayerApplication

SoftwareComponent

ApplicationSoftware

Component

ApplicationSoftware

Component

ApplicationSoftware

Component

Page 7: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 6

Microcontroller

AUTOSAR Runtime Environment (RTE)

AUTOSAR BSW 体系结构体系结构体系结构体系结构—细化分层细化分层细化分层细化分层

Co

mp

lex D

river

Bas

ic S

oft

ware

Application Layer

CommunicationServices

MemoryServices

SystemServices

Onboard DeviceAbstraction

Memory HardwareAbstraction

Communication HardwareAbstraction

Microcontroller Drivers Memory Drivers Communication Drivers I/O Drivers

I/O HardwareAbstraction

Op

era

tin

g S

yste

m

ApplicationSoftware

Component

ApplicationSoftware

Component

ApplicationSoftware

Component

ApplicationSoftware

Component

Page 8: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 7

微控制器驱动微控制器驱动微控制器驱动微控制器驱动

• 内部外设的驱动 (e.g., watchdog, 通用时钟)• 直接 µC可存取的功能 (e.g., Core测试)

Microcontroller Hardware A

DC

DIO

Tim

er

PW

M

LIN

/ S

CI

CA

N

SP

I

EE

PR

OM

Fla

sh

WD

T

GP

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Microcontroller (MCU)Drivers

Watc

hdog

Driver

MC

UD

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GP

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river

MC

U

Pow

er

&

Clo

ck U

nit

微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层

PO

RT

S

Fle

xRa

y™

Page 9: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 8

Microcontroller Hardware A

DC

DIO

Tim

er

PW

M

LIN

/ S

CI

CA

N

SP

I

EE

PR

OM

Fla

sh

WD

T

GP

T

Microcontroller Drivers Memory Drivers

RA

M T

est

Em

bedde

dE

EP

RO

M D

river

Em

bedde

dF

lash D

river

Watc

hdog

Driver

MC

UD

river

GP

T D

river

MC

U

Pow

er

&

Clo

ck U

nit

微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层

PO

RT

S

Fle

xRa

y™

内存控制器内存控制器内存控制器内存控制器

• 片上内存设备的驱动 (e.g., 内部 flash, 内部 EEPROM)

Page 10: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 9

通信驱动通信驱动通信驱动通信驱动

• ECU 板级上的通信驱动: SPI, I2C• 车载通信驱动: LIN, CAN, FlexRay™网络

Microcontroller Hardware A

DC

DIO

Tim

er

PW

M

LIN

/ S

CI

CA

N

SP

I

EE

PR

OM

Fla

sh

WD

T

GP

T

Microcontroller Drivers Communication DriversMemory Drivers

RA

M T

est

CA

N D

river

Em

bedde

dE

EP

RO

M D

river

Em

bedde

dF

lash D

river

Watc

hdog

Driver

LIN

Driver

MC

UD

river

Fle

xRa

y™

Driver

GP

T D

river

SP

I D

river

MC

U

Pow

er

&

Clo

ck U

nit

微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层

PO

RT

S

Fle

xRa

y

Page 11: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 10

I/O 驱动驱动驱动驱动

• 模拟和数字 I/O驱动: e.g., 模数转换器(ADC), 脉宽调制(PWM), 数字输入输出 (DIO)

Microcontroller Hardware A

DC

DIO

Tim

er

I/O Drivers

PO

RT

Driver

AD

C D

river

DIO

Driver

PW

M D

river

ICU

Driver

PW

M

LIN

/ S

CI

CA

N

SP

I

EE

PR

OM

FLA

SH

WD

T

GP

T

Microcontroller Drivers Communication DriversMemory Drivers

RA

M T

est

CA

N D

river

Em

bedde

dE

EP

RO

M D

river

Em

bedde

dF

lash D

river

Watc

hdog

Driver

LIN

Driver

MC

UD

river

Fle

xRa

yD

river

GP

T D

river

SP

I D

river

MC

U

Pow

er

&

Clo

ck U

nit

微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层

PO

RT

S

Fle

xRa

y™

Page 12: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 11

微控制器抽象层的驱动微控制器抽象层的驱动微控制器抽象层的驱动微控制器抽象层的驱动

• 直接与微控制器硬件接口 (核和外设)• 包括以下软件模块:

•微控制器驱动•内存驱动•通信驱动• I/O 驱动

Microcontroller Hardware A

DC

DIO

Tim

er

I/O Drivers

PO

RT

Driver

AD

C D

river

DIO

Driver

PW

M D

river

ICU

Driver

PW

M

LIN

/ S

CI

CA

N

SP

I

EE

PR

OM

Fla

sh

WD

T

GP

T

Microcontroller Drivers Communication DriversMemory Drivers

RA

M T

est

CA

N D

river

Inte

rnalE

EP

RO

M D

river

Inte

rnalF

lash D

river

Watc

hdog

Driver

LIN

Driver

MC

UD

river

Fle

xRa

y™

Driver

GP

T D

river

SP

I D

river

MC

U

Pow

er

&

Clo

ck U

nit

微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层微控制器抽象层

PO

RT

S

Fle

xRa

y

Page 13: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 12

复杂驱动复杂驱动复杂驱动复杂驱动

Microcontroller

AUTOSAR Runtime Environment (RTE)

Co

mp

lex D

riv

er

Basic

So

ftw

are

(B

SW

)

Application Layer

CommunicationServices

MemoryServices

SystemServices

Onboard DeviceAbstraction

Memory HardwareAbstraction

Communication HardwareAbstraction

Microcontroller Drivers Memory Drivers Communication Drivers I/O Drivers

I/O Hardware

Abstraction

Op

era

tin

g S

ys

tem

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

复杂驱动复杂驱动复杂驱动复杂驱动

• 通过采用特定中断或者复杂的外设(如 eTPU)的微控制器直接访问,实施复杂的传感器检测和执行单元控制

• 例子:•喷油控制•电子阀门控制•递增式位置检测

Complex Drivers

Ele

ctr

ic V

alv

eC

on

tro

l

Inje

ctio

nC

on

tro

l

Incre

men

talP

ositio

n D

ete

ctio

n

Co

mp

lex

De

vic

eD

rive

r X

Y

µC

eT

PU

Page 14: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 13

通信硬件抽象层通信硬件抽象层通信硬件抽象层通信硬件抽象层

Microcontroller

AUTOSAR Runtime Environment (RTE)

Co

mp

lex D

riv

er

Basic

So

ftw

are

(B

SW

)

Application Layer

CommunicationServices

MemoryServices

SystemServices

Onboard DeviceAbstraction

Memory HardwareAbstraction

Communication HardwareAbstraction

Microcontroller Drivers Memory Drivers Communication Drivers I/O Drivers

I/O Hardware

Abstraction

Op

era

tin

g S

ys

tem

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

通信硬件抽象层通信硬件抽象层通信硬件抽象层通信硬件抽象层

• 对于内部和ECU硬件架构上外部通信控制器的抽象

• 对于所有的通信系统 (LIN, CAN, FlexRay),都需要特定的通信硬件抽象:• LIN 接口• CAN 接口• FlexRay 接口

• Freescale MCUs 具有 on-chip CAN 控制器,因此外部的 CAN ASIC 一般

不需要

Communication HardwareAbstraction

CommunicationDrivers

I/ODrivers

Driver for External

CAN ASIC

µC

CA

N

SP

I

CA

N D

river

SP

I D

river

DIO

Driver

DIO

CAN

Trans-ceiver Driver

CAN Interface

Page 15: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 14

内存硬件抽象层内存硬件抽象层内存硬件抽象层内存硬件抽象层

Microcontroller

AUTOSAR Runtime Environment (RTE)

Co

mp

lex D

riv

er

Basic

So

ftw

are

(B

SW

)

Application Layer

CommunicationServices

MemoryServices

SystemServices

Onboard DeviceAbstraction

Memory HardwareAbstraction

Communication HardwareAbstraction

Microcontroller Drivers Memory Drivers Communication Drivers I/O Drivers

I/O Hardware

Abstraction

Op

era

tin

g S

ys

tem

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

内存硬件抽象内存硬件抽象内存硬件抽象内存硬件抽象

• 对于内存外设和板级的内存设备的抽象• Freescale MCUs 具有 on-chip (embedded) flash,可以仿真 EEPROM. 因此,这一层只需要两个模块:

• Flash EEPROM 仿真•内存抽象接口

Memory HardwareAbstraction

Memory DriversComDrivers

Memory Abstraction Interface

µC

Fla

sh

EE

PR

OM

Inte

rnal

Fla

sh

Driver

EE

PR

OM

Driver

SP

ID

river

SP

I

External

EEPROMDriver

EEPROM Abstraction

Flash EEPROM Emulation

External

FlashDriver

Page 16: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 15

通信软件包通信软件包通信软件包通信软件包

Microcontroller

AUTOSAR Runtime Environment (RTE)

Co

mp

lex D

riv

er

Basic

So

ftw

are

(B

SW

)

Application Layer

CommunicationServices

MemoryServices

SystemServices

Onboard DeviceAbstraction

Memory HardwareAbstraction

Communication HardwareAbstraction

Microcontroller Drivers Memory Drivers Communication Drivers I/O Drivers

I/O Hardware

Abstraction

Op

era

tin

g S

ys

tem

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

通信协议栈通信协议栈通信协议栈通信协议栈

• 对于三种主要的车载通信协议 LIN, CAN 和 FlexRay,提供一致的软件结构。

• Autosar COM, DCM 和 Generic NM 模块都是协议无关的,适用于所有的通信,与物理层协议无关。

• Signal GW 和 PDU router 提供了基于信号和帧的网关功能

Communication HardwareAbstraction

Communication Drivers

µC

CA

NC

AN

Driver

SC

I

FlexRay Interface

LIN

Driver

Fle

xRa

y

Driver

Fle

xRa

y

CAN Interface

LIN Interface

Communication Services

DCMCOM

Signal

GW

Generic NM

PDU Router

FlexRay

NM

LIN NM

CAN NM

CAN TP

FlexRay™

TP

Page 17: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 16

内存服务内存服务内存服务内存服务

Microcontroller

AUTOSAR Runtime Environment (RTE)

Co

mp

lex D

riv

er

Basic

So

ftw

are

(B

SW

)

Application Layer

CommunicationServices

MemoryServices

SystemServices

Onboard DeviceAbstraction

Memory HardwareAbstraction

Communication HardwareAbstraction

Microcontroller Drivers Memory Drivers Communication Drivers I/O Drivers

I/O Hardware

Abstraction

Op

era

tin

g S

ys

tem

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

内存服务内存服务内存服务内存服务

• 提供非易失数据的管理功能,例如数据存取,冗余校验保护,和可靠存储• 采用不同的内存驱动• 采取 RAM 映射作为应用程序快速读取数据的接口• NVRAM Manager 模块是 MCU 无关的

Memory Services

NVRAM Manager

Page 18: 汽车电子软件的趋势 - AUTOSAR 如何改变您 使用飞思卡 …read.pudn.com/downloads127/doc/539536/PA309.pdf · Interface Application Software Component ... Inteface AUTOSAR

TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 17

系统服务系统服务系统服务系统服务

Microcontroller

AUTOSAR Runtime Environment (RTE)

Co

mp

lex D

riv

er

Basic

So

ftw

are

(B

SW

)

Application Layer

CommunicationServices

MemoryServices

SystemServices

Onboard DeviceAbstraction

Memory HardwareAbstraction

Communication HardwareAbstraction

Microcontroller Drivers Memory Drivers Communication Drivers I/O Drivers

I/O Hardware

Abstraction

Op

era

tin

g S

ys

tem

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

Application

Software

Component

系统服务系统服务系统服务系统服务

• 提供一些功能以供别的模块调用,如诊断事件管理 (DEM), 诊断错误跟踪 (DET), 操作系统 (OS)

• OS 是与 MCU相关的系统服务,需要针对于每个MCU优化• 其余模块可以是应用或硬件相关的(e.g., ECU state manager)

System Services

Co

mm

un

ica

tio

nM

an

ag

er

EC

U S

tate

Ma

na

ge

r

Fu

nction

Inh

ibitio

nM

an

ag

er

Watc

hd

og

Ma

na

ge

r

Dia

gno

stic E

ve

nt

Ma

na

ge

r

Dia

gno

stic E

rro

rT

race

r

Opera

ting S

yste

m

CRC Library

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TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 18

AUTOSAR Release 2.1

►基础软件模块: 46 modules

►基础软件文档: 3609 pages

►其他文档: 1957 pages

►辅助文档

以上虽然不是一个很好的度量方法,但足以看出 AUTOSAR基础软件的复杂性。

Q: 全部的AUTOSAR基础软件模块是否是每个 MCU必需的?A: 不是的。请看下面的例子。

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 19

例子例子例子例子: S12XEP100 AUTOSAR 内存软件栈内存软件栈内存软件栈内存软件栈

Memory HardwareAbstraction

Memory DriversComDrivers

Memory Abstraction Interface

µC

FLA

SH

Virtu

al

NV

RA

M

Inte

rnal

Fla

sh

Driver

EE

PR

OM

Driver

SP

ID

river

SP

I

External

EEPROMDriver

EEPROM Abstraction

Flash EEPROM Emulation

External

FlashDriver

On-chip EEE of configurable size — no EEPROM driver needed

On-chip EEE of configurable size — no external EEPROM driver needed

EEE provides abstraction — no EEPROM Abstraction module needed, Flash EEPROM Emulation module significantly simplified

On-chip flash — no External Flash driver needed

►智能的 MCU 外设将大大简化 BSW 内存软

件栈。

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TM

AUTOSAR 操作系统

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 21

AUTOSAR OS 展示展示展示展示

►AUTOSAR OS 是 OSEK/VDX™ OS 加上:

• 新的核心功能

� 软件和硬件计数器

� 基于时间同步的调度表

� 堆栈监视

• 保护功能

� 定时保护, 内存保护和服务保护

� OS 应用程序, 信任的和不信任的代码

� Protection hook

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 22

OSEK OS (all conformance classes)

Counter Interface

Schedule Tables

Stack Monitoring

Protection Hook

Timing Protection

Global Time/Synchronization Support

Memory Protection

OS Applications

Service Protection

CallTrustedFunction

Sca

lab

ility

Cla

ss 1

Sca

lab

ility

Cla

ss 2

Sca

lab

ility

Cla

ss 3

Sca

lab

ility

Cla

ss 4

� � � �

� � � �

� � � �

� � � �

� � �

� �

� �

� �

� �

� �

� �

AUTOSAR OS Scalability Classes 1–4

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 23

OS 应用以及可信任和不信任代码应用以及可信任和不信任代码应用以及可信任和不信任代码应用以及可信任和不信任代码

►完整性: 可信任和不信任代码

►OS 应用• 一组软件包括 tasks, ISRs, hooks 和 trusted 函数

• Trusted:具有无限制的存取权限

• Non-trusted:受限制的存取权限

►可信任函数

• 具有无限制存取权限的一种服务功能

• 由一个 trusted OS 应用提供

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 24

AUTOSAR OS 内存保护内存保护内存保护内存保护

►保护的边界

• Task/category 2 ISR

• OS application (all its Task/Category 2 ISRs)

►保护的内存

• Stack RAM

• Private data RAM

• Code flash

►受保护的存取方式

• 主要是写保护,读和执行保护是可选的

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 25

Protection Hook

►The Protection Hook• 在所有的保护出错被调用 (memory / service / timing)

• 根据返回值确定采取的操作:� Kill the faulty Task/Category 2 ISR, or

� Kill the faulty OS application, or

� Kill the faulty OS application and restart the OS application, or

� Call ShutdownOS()

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内存保护的使用内存保护的使用内存保护的使用内存保护的使用

►不信任 OS 应用任务• 只能存取它所需要的内存

• 因此,不是指这一应用任务受保护,而是其他任务与它隔离

►内存保护可被用于以下

• 分离运行于同一 MCU的不同应用程序

• 分离来自于不同供应商的控制功能模块

• 实现安全性限制

• 作为一种调试功能 (防止错误的内存访问,防止堆栈溢出,protection hook 将被调用)

►内存保护必须有片上 MPU的支持

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 27

服务保护的使用服务保护的使用服务保护的使用服务保护的使用

►服务保护

• 保护一个 OS应用调用错误或被破坏的 OS服务

• 例子

� OS Application 调用 ShutDownOS()

� OS Application 试图通过执行 ActivateTask() 激活别的 OS Application的任务

• 在出现服务保护错误时,Protection Hook 将被调用

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 28

定时保护的使用以及全局时间定时保护的使用以及全局时间定时保护的使用以及全局时间定时保护的使用以及全局时间

►定时保护

• 执行时间增强

� 限制中断,资源锁定和中断屏蔽时间在一个静态可配置的时间 („time budget“)

• 调用频率增强

� 限制中断在指定时间内的调用次数在一个静态可配置的界限

• 在出现时间保护错误时,Protection Hook 将被调用

►全局时间 / 同步支持• 需要一个全局的时间源,例如 FlexRay 网络时间

• 这一功能通过 OS服务调用使得调度表与全局时间同步

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TM

AUTOSAR 配置方法

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BSW 配置分类配置分类配置分类配置分类

► 预编译阶段配置

• 在编译后,配置参数将不能被改变

• 需要提供源程序

► 连接阶段配置

• 配置决定于 linker scripts

• 在 link后,配置参数将不能被改变

• 适于提供 object code

► 生成后配置

• 生成后可载入的

� 配置参数在生成结束后可更改,不需要重新烧写 ECU

• 生成后可选择的

� 在启动阶段配置参数可从多组选项中选择

� 所有可能的配置选项都包含在编译阶段

• 配置参数存储在已知的内存空间地址

• 可提供 source 和 object code

• 生成后配置类的 BSW 模块可提供预编译或连接时的参数设置(并非所有的参数都可生成后配置)

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 31

基础软件配置流程基础软件配置流程基础软件配置流程基础软件配置流程

.h

.c

.h

.c

.h

.c

.h

.c

ECU Configuration Description

(XML)

MCAL Generators

Communication Services

Generator

OS Generator

RTE Generator

AUTOSAR BSWConfiguration Tool

AUTOSAR SystemDesign Tool

ECU Parameter Definitions

(XML)

ECU Parameter Definitions

(XML)

ECU Parameter Definitions

(XML)

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 32

AUTOSAR BSW 配置工具配置工具配置工具配置工具

例子例子例子例子: tresos® ECU► 图形化的 ECU 配置描

述 (ECD)

► ECD的输入 /输出

► 使用预编译方式,可方

便配置 AUTOSAR

BSW

Source: Elektrobit Automotive

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 33

...

void functionality2()

{ int8 localVar;

Read_in_speed(&localVar)

;

...

}

...

void functionality2()

{ int8 localVar;

Read_in_speed(&localVar)

;

...

}

Application SWC 1 Application SWC 2

...

void functionality1()

{

Write_out_speed(…);

...

Call_actuator_set(...);

}

...

void functionality1()

{

Write_out_speed(…);

...

Call_actuator_set(...);

}

out in

<<Interface>>

int8 speed;

<<Interface>>

int8 speed;

ECU1

#define Read_in_speed(vp) \

*(vp) = velocityVar

int8 velocityVar;

#define Write_out_speed(v) \

velocityVar = (v)

AUTOSAR RTE 生成生成生成生成例子例子例子例子: 单个单个单个单个 ECU上的上的上的上的SWCs

Source: dSpace

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TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 34

...

void functionality2()

{ int8 localVar;

Read_in_speed(&localVar)

;

...

}

...

void functionality2()

{ int8 localVar;

Read_in_speed(&localVar)

;

...

}

Application SWC 1 Application SWC 2

...

void functionality1()

{

Write_out_speed(…);

...

Call_actuator_set(...);

}

...

void functionality1()

{

Write_out_speed(…);

...

Call_actuator_set(...);

}

out in

<<Interface>>

int8 speed;

<<Interface>>

int8 speed;

ECU2

#define Read_in_speed(vp) \ReceiveMessage (msgID, vp);

#define Write_out_speed(v) \SendMessage(msgID, v)

AUTOSAR RTE 生成生成生成生成例子例子例子例子: 俩个俩个俩个俩个ECUs上的上的上的上的SWCs

Source: dSpace

ECU1

CAN

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TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 35

AUTOSAR

Application SWC 1

AUTOSAR

Application SWC 1

This environment and ECU dependent “gluing”code is generated by the so-called AUTOSAR RTE Generator.

AUTOSAR

Application SWC 2

AUTOSAR

Application SWC 2

AUTOSAR

I/O Driver

AUTOSAR

I/O Driver

GluingCode

RTEGenerator

AUTOSAR RTE 生成生成生成生成

GluingCode

Source: dSpace

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TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 36

AUTOSAR 应用程序生成应用程序生成应用程序生成应用程序生成

例子例子例子例子: SystemDeskTM

► SystemDesk以以下方式支持 ECU 网络应用程序的开发:• 设计分布式的系统和软件结构

• 将软件模块集成在一个软件架构和ECUs上• 符合 AUTOSAR 模型• 集成与功能开发工具上,如 TargetLink

Source: dSpace

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TM

针对飞思卡尔控制器的AUTOSAR 软件

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TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 38

Freescale提供的是提供的是提供的是提供的是 AUTOSAR 基础软件基础软件基础软件基础软件

I/O

Drivers

LIN Driver CAN Driver FlexRay Driver

FlexRay

InterfaceCAN Interface

LIN Interface

LIN Master

Stack

CAN TL FlexRay™ TL

EE

PR

OM

Dri

ver/

Inte

rface

Fla

sh

Dri

ver/

Intf

c

CA

N N

M

FR

NM

Generic NM NVRAM

Manager

EEPROM

Emulation

IO Abstraction

PDU Router

Sig

nal

Gate

wa

y

WD

G D

river

/

Inte

rface

SP

I D

river

/

Inte

rface

MCU Driver

EC

U M

anager

CO

M M

anager

FIM

DE

T

CR

C

DE

M

DC

M

WD

G M

anager

AU

TO

SA

R O

S

AU

TO

SA

R

CO

M

Microcontroller

AUTOSAR RTE

Com

ple

x D

evic

e D

rivers

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 39

AUTOSAR 软件产品选项软件产品选项软件产品选项软件产品选项

来自于 AUTOSAR 软件 “产品包" :

1) SPAL Plus = MCAL + EEPROM emulation + IO abstraction layer

2) Operating system

3) Add-on services

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 40

SPAL Plus

► MCAL + EEPROM emulation + IO abstraction layer► 所有部件可使用符合 AUTOSAR 规范的配置工具配置

I/O

DriversFlexRay

Interface

CAN

Interface

LIN

Interface

LIN Master

Stack

CAN TL FlexRay TL

EE

PR

OM

Dri

ver/

Inte

rface

Fla

sh

Dri

ver/

Inte

rface

EEPROM

Emulation

I/O Abstraction

WD

G D

river

/

Inte

rface

SP

I D

river

/

Inte

rfaceMCU Driver

Microcontroller

Generic NM NVRAM

Manager

PDU Router

Sig

nal

Gate

wa

y

EC

U M

anager

CO

M M

anager

FIM

DE

T

CR

C

DE

M

DC

M

WD

G M

anager

AU

TO

SA

R O

S AU

TO

SA

R

CO

M

AUTOSAR RTE

Com

ple

x D

evic

e d

rive

rs

CA

N N

M

FR

NM

LIN Driver CAN Driver FR Driver

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 41

AUTOSAR 操作系统操作系统操作系统操作系统

I/O

Drivers

LIN Driver CAN Driver FR Driver

FR

Interface

CAN

Interface

LIN Interface

LIN Master

Stack

CAN TL FlexRay TL

EE

PR

OM

Dri

ver

/ In

terf

ace

Fla

sh

Dri

ver

/ In

terf

ace

EEPROM

Emulation

I/O Abstraction

MCU Driver

Microcontroller

Generic NM NVRAM

Manager

PDU Router

Sig

nal

Gate

wa

y

EC

U M

anager

CO

M M

anager

FIM

DE

T

CR

C

DE

M

DC

M

WD

G M

anager

AU

TO

SA

R

CO

M

AUTOSAR RTE

Com

ple

x D

evic

e D

rive

rs

AU

TO

SA

R O

S

WD

G D

river

/

Inte

rface

SP

I D

river

/

Inte

rface

CA

N N

M

FR

NM

►可使用符合 AUTOSAR 规范的配置工具配置

► 有四种可调配的级别 1, 2, 3, 4,以适合不同的应用要求

• SC1 –确定性的 RTOS 基础 (tasks, events, counters, alarms, messages)• SC2 –基于时间的任务管理 (low-latency, precise timing for periodic tasks)• SC3 –任务级的内存保护 (MMU/MPU),以避免安全系统的内存冲突问题• SC4 –任务级的时间和内存保护,充分利用芯片的功能,以提供汽车领域 RTOS的安全保护

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 42

软件质量体系保证软件质量体系保证软件质量体系保证软件质量体系保证

► 质量体系质量体系质量体系质量体系

• SPAL Plus team: CMM level 3 flow, certified to ISO 9001-2000

� move to CMMI in preparation

• OS team: CMM level 3 flow, certified to ISO 90003-2004

� comparable to ISO 15504 (SPICE), ISO 12207, and CMMI continuous

► 测试流程测试流程测试流程测试流程

• 单元测试

• 系统测试

• 代码审阅

► MISRA (PClint)

• Freescale AUTOSAR 驱动是部分符合 MISRA 标准的,所有不符合的部分都在原程序中采用以下形式的注释表明:// MISRA Rule #<id> deviation: <reason>

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TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 43

模块测试计划模块测试计划模块测试计划模块测试计划 / 测试报告测试报告测试报告测试报告

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TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 44

Freescale SPAL Plus 软件包内容软件包内容软件包内容软件包内容

can_freescale_mpc5516

cfg1

ssc

doc

inc

lib

mak

src

doc

gce_input

generator

inc

lib

mak

obj

src

can.c

can_Irq.c

Makefile

can.h

can_Irq.h

Can_TS_T22D1M2I0R0

autosar

Can.epc

Can.xdm

configCan.epd

Can_Cfg.h

Can_PBCfg.h

generate

src

include

Can_PBCfg.c

Can_defs.mak

Can_rules.mak

make

AUTOSAR_MPC5516_CAN_UM.pdf

Can_Cfg.h

Can_PBCfg.h

Makefile

Can_Cfg.h

Can_PBCfg.hUser Manual

Default Configuration

Driver Source Code + Makefile

AUTOSAR XML Configuration Files- Parameter Description- ECU Configuration Description- Plugin configuration (TresosECUtm)

Pre-compile + post-build configuration

parameters

Generator Makefiles

Example: CAN Driver for MPC5516

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TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 45

Freescale提供的提供的提供的提供的 AUTOSAR 软件软件软件软件

►以下 Freescale 处理器结构将支持 AUTOSAR标准的产品级软件:

• 16-bit : S12XE family

• 16-bit : S12XD family

• 32-bit : MPC556x family

• 32-bit : MPC551x family

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TMFreescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are

the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 46

S12X AUTOSAR OS/SPAL Roadmap 2007(subject to change)

Production Beta / Release Product

Beta / ESS / FC- Functionality may not be complete- largely tested, including documentation

Alpha- Functionality may not be complete- not tested, no documentation- NO DELIVERY TO CUSTOMERS

2007

S12XE/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.0/2.1

• Excluding LIN,

CAN Drivers

S12XE/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.0

• SC 1–4

S12XE/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.0

• excl LIN, CAN

SPAL Plus Available 02/07

OS Available 02/07

S12XD, XE/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.0

• SC 1–4 (XE)

• SC 1–2 (XD)

SPAL Plus

OS

SeptAugJulJunMayAprMarFebJan Oct Nov

+ LIN, CAN Drivers

S12XDT /CW

• AUTOSAR 2.0/2.1

S12XDP /CW

• AUTOSAR 2.0/2.1

S12XD/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.1• SC 1–2

Dec

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 47

MPC556x AUTOSAR OS/SPAL Roadmap 2007(subject to change)

Production Beta / Release Product

Beta / ESS / FC- Functionality may not be complete- largely tested, incl. documentation

Alpha- Functionality may not be complete- not tested, no documentation- NO DELIVERY TO CUSTOMERS

2007

MPC5567/WRS

• AUTOSAR 2.1

• No LIN, CAN, FlexRay

MPC556x/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.0

• SC 1–4

MPC556x/CW/WRS

• AUTOSAR 2.1• SC 1–4

/WRS

SPAL Plus

OS

SeptAugJulJunMayAprMarFebJan Oct Nov

MPC5567/WRS

• AUTOSAR 2.1

• Including LIN, CAN, FlexRay

MPC5567/GHS

• AUTOSAR 2.0• No LIN, CAN, FlexRay™

SPAL Plus Available 02/07

OS Available 03/07

MPC556x/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.0• SC 1–4

Dec

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 48

MPC5516/GHS

• MCU, PORT, DIO, GPT, CAN,PWM, LIN, FR, WDG

• AUTOSAR 2.1

MPC551x AUTOSAR OS/SPAL Roadmap 2007(subject to change)

Production Beta / Release Product

Beta / ESS / FC- Functionality may not be complete- largely tested, incl. documentation

Alpha- Functionality may not be complete- not tested, no documentation- NO DELIVERY TO CUSTOMERS

2007

MPC5516/GHS

• MCU, GPT, PORT, DIO, CAN only

• AUTOSAR 2.1

MPC5516/GHS

• AUTOSAR 2.1

MPC5510/GHS/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.1

• Single-core OS

• SC 1–4

OS

SeptAugJulJunMayAprMarFebJan Oct Nov Dec

MPC5567/GHS

• AUTOSAR 2.0

• No LIN, CAN, FlexRay

SPAL Plus Available 02/07

OS Available 02/07

MPC5560/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.0

• SC 1–4

MPC5510/GHS/CW

• AUTOSAR 2.1

• Single-core OS

• SC 1–4

SPAL Plus

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AUTOSAR 软件商业模式软件商业模式软件商业模式软件商业模式

• To “customize” standard products

• To migrate from legacy software

服务和咨询服务和咨询服务和咨询服务和咨询

• CMM/SPICE compliant development

processes

• Process documentation available upon

request

质量保证质量保证质量保证质量保证

• SPAL Plus

• Operating system

• Add-on services

AUTOSAR 标准软件产品标准软件产品标准软件产品标准软件产品

• Dedicated resources at Freescale

• Agreed upon definitions of severity levels

and resolution times

• Custom service level agreements with

customer; pricing to be negotiated

特别支持特别支持特别支持特别支持

• Restricted liability in line with software

pricing

责任责任责任责任

• Project Buyout—Pay per project per core;

example: AUTOSAR product for 2009 BMW

Door Module using S12XE

• Core Buyout—Pay per core; use in

unlimited projects. Example: AUTOSAR

product for S12XE

免版税的价格模式免版税的价格模式免版税的价格模式免版税的价格模式

• Basic phone and e-mail support

• Support fee is percentage of list price

标准支持标准支持标准支持标准支持

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为什么选择为什么选择为什么选择为什么选择 Freescale 的的的的 AUTOSAR 软件软件软件软件?

► 优化优化优化优化—我们长期的承诺我们长期的承诺我们长期的承诺我们长期的承诺

• Freescale 掌握芯片技术的细节,直到如何最好的使用芯片资源以提供软件模块的优化。

► 质量质量质量质量

• 采用已经验证的开发流程 (CMM/SPICE),提供 AUTOSAR 软件给主要的汽车客户,以驱动质量和成本的有效性

► 紧随芯片的发展蓝图紧随芯片的发展蓝图紧随芯片的发展蓝图紧随芯片的发展蓝图

• Freescale 支持 S12X 和 MPC55xx MCU 产品系列的 AUTOSAR 软件;客户可选择我们的 16- and 32-bit MCU 产品系列,加上 AUTOSAR 软件的支持。

► 全球支持全球支持全球支持全球支持

• 通过我们的全球客户支持体系架构。

► 软件服务团对软件服务团对软件服务团对软件服务团对

• 帮助将 Freescale AUTOSAR 软件集成于客户的软件架构体系和客户的模块开发中

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the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. 51

总结总结总结总结

►AUTOSAR 描述了一个适用于汽车领域的完整的软件架构,包括基础软件

包,灵活的配置方法,以及软件工具的接口和应用指导

►可现用的软件模块,加上完备的配置方法将改变您使用 Freescale微控制器的方式

• 减少 ECU 开发时间

• 增强基础软件模块的重复使用率和质量保证

• 增强应用软件模块的重复使用率和质量保证

►Freescale 通过提供针对于我们16位和32位汽车级微控制器的可生产级的AUTOSAR软件,减轻了客户向 AUTOSAR 软件转变的难度

• 操作系统

• SPAL Plus 软件包

• 增值服务

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TM