고등교육 학습관리시스템(lms)...

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연구보고 CR 2010-10 고등교육 범용 학습관리시스템(LMS) 기준모형개발 기획 연구 연구책임자 : 임진혁(울산과학기술대학교) 공동연구원 : 범수균(울산과학기술대학교) 김영미(울산과학기술대학교) 연구보조원 : 서윤영(울산과학기술대학교) 이재은(울산과학기술대학교) 과제책임자 : 정감사(한국교육학술정보원) 연구협력관 : 허준행(교육과학기술부) )

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http://jbflip.com 고등교육 학습관리시스템(LMS) 기준모형개발 기획 연구 / 임진혁, 범수균, 김영미 - 출처 : 한국교육학슬정보원 교육학술정보자료실, http://www.keris.or.kr/data/dt_research.jsp?gbn=view&ix=18301

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  • 1. CR 2010-10 (LMS) : () : () () : () () : () : () )

2. , . 3. ( ) () () () () () () () () 4. (LMS) . 2010 11 30 : : () : () () : () () 5. - i - (LMS) (LMS) , . - (e-Education) e-Education . LMS LMS . , , . e-Education LMS . (1)IT-enabled Learning, IT (2)Active Learning , , . (Course Redesign) . e-Education (Pedagogy) e-Education . LMS . e-Education LMS (Master Plan) . 6. - ii - (smart) , LMS IT . LMS e-Education . LMS , , . LMS LMS e-Education . LMS , . . . . LMS 50 100 , LMS, , , , , . e-Education . 7. - iii - I. 1 1. 1 2. 4 . 5 1. 6 . LMS 6 . 13 . 22 2. 23 3. 24 . LMS 27 1. LMS 27 2. 31 3. LMS 31 . LMS 31 . LMS 40 . 51 4. LMS 53 5. 57 . LMS 64 1. 64 . 64 8. - iv - . IT 67 . (Active Learning) 69 2. e-Education 72 . e-Education? 72 3. UNIST() e-Education 77 . UNIST e-Education 77 . Practical IT 82 . Smart Phone 89 . UNIST e-Education 91 V. 97 100 102 9. - v - < 1-1> 1 < 2-1> LMS (2010 ) 6 < 2-2> LMS 8 < 2-3> LMS 10 < 2-4> LMS 11 < 2-5> LMS 12 < 2-6> LMS 12 < 2-7> Overall Comments 13 < 2-8> Course Authoring 15 < 2-9> Interactivity/games/simulations 16 < 2-10> Quizzing/testing tools 16 < 2-11> Social media 17 < 2-12> Delivery platforms(Contents management) 17 < 2-13> Tracking functionality(Assessment) 18 < 2-14> Mobile enabled 18 < 2-15> Hosted Services 19 < 2-16> / 19 < 2-17> Open Source 19 < 2-18> Optional Extra 20 < 2-19> Standards Compliance 20 < 3-1> LMS 40 < 3-2> e-Learning e-Education 51 < 3-3> e-Learning 59 < 3-4> e-Learning / 60 < 3-5> e-Learning / 60 10. - vi - < 3-6> 61 < 3-7> 62 < 3-8> 62 < 3-9> , 63 < 4-1> eLearning eEducation 75 < 4-2> 90 < 4-3> UNIST e-Education Infrastructure 92 < 4-4> e-Education 94 < 4-5> UNIST Course Redesign 95 11. - vii - [ 2-1] LMS 22 [ 2-2] 23 [ 3-1] LMS 28 [ 3-2] 28 [ 3-3] (Pedagogy) 30 [ 3-4] LMS 31 [ 3-5] LMS 51 [ 3-6] e-Education 54 [ 3-7] LMS 55 [ 3-8] LMS Input 56 [ 4-1] 64 [ 4-2] 2.0 67 [ 4-3] ( , IT 1.0, IT 2.0) 68 [ 4-4] Passive Learning vs. Active Learning 70 [ 4-5] e-Education 73 [ 4-6] e-Education 74 [ 4-7] e-Learning e-Education 76 [ 4-8] e-Education 77 [ 4-9] 78 [ 4-10] UNIST e-Education 83 [ 4-11] One-tiered vs. Two-tiered Teaching Model 85 [ 4-12] e-Education (Practical IT ) 88 [ 4-13] LMS Smart Phone 90 [ 4-14] UNIST e-Education 92 [ 4-15] Course Redesign Model 96 [ 4-16] Course Redesign Strategy 96 12. - 1 - I. 1. 21 . . .(, J. ) , , . < 1-1> AS-IS TO-BE / , 13. - 2 - < 1-1> . . Study Smart, Study Hard, Parameter . IMD 36(2009), 30 24, IMD 57 51(2009) 51(2009) . 21 , . . . . . , . , . , . , , . . 1.0 IT e-Learning . e-Learning , , , 14. - 3 - , . 4 e- 78%(2009), LMS(Learning Management System) . . . , Top MS , Web2.0 . Harvard Top LMS Smart . e-Learning 100 85% . , , . Web 2.0 . Wiki Space, Slideshare, Teacher Tube, ITunes . Open Networking ( , OECD) . MIT , , OCW(Open Course Ware) . OCW , 215 , . , , Funding . iPod University . IT 2.0 2.0 (Master Plan) . e-Education , LMS 15. - 4 - , , . Next Generation Learning, (2009. 6), (2009. 5) . , , . Course . LMS . LMS , . 2. (LMS) (LMS) . UNIST e-Education (LMS) . 16. - 5 - . LMS(Learning Management System) . LMS LMS . . IT . (Relan, A..& Gillani, B.,1997) . e-Learning . . IT . (LMS: Learning Management Systems) (LCMS: Learning Contents Management Systems) . 17. - 6 - Blackboard (Web City) 5 LMS 71% 5 65~79% Credu LMS 5 1) 2) 9 LMS 5 e-Learning 17% 1. . LMS 184 5,315 e-Learning (2009 7 1 ) . LMS . < 2-1> LMS (2010 ) 18. - 7 - 5 ( 150 , 100% ) 5 40%(, , , ) 5 . LMS , 2,500 , , , 40 , 100% 5 1) 10,000 asp 2) off-line Blackboard 5 e-Education 100% 19. - 8 - - - 1:1 - (, ) - , - - - - - - - (, , ) - - - - - e-Studybook - - - - - - (, , ) - , - - - Quiz < 2-2> LMS 20. - 9 - - - - , - 1,000 - (40 ) - , ., - - , - - - - 21. - 10 - - - LMS - - - - , - - , - LMS . - LMS , LMS - - , . - LMS - . - - IT - - < 2-3> LMS 22. - 11 - - - - . 2 - () ( ) - , , - , , - - , , , , - , /, , Q&A , , , - , , , - , , , - 1,000 - , , , , , < 2-4> LMS 23. - 12 - < 2-5> LMS - - ( ) - , DRM - - (3D, anytool) - - ( ) - < 2-6> LMS - - , - () , , - ( ) , , - , ( ) - IT () - (: Microsoft OS ) - PC (: Apple , - FireFox, ) 2-3 24. - 13 - LMS Blackboard - 1997 , 60 2200 - Mac OS X - 2006 WebCT , WebCT - LMS 75% - LMS, LCMS, - : - 24/7 support iPhone, iPad S/W - Ajax Drag & Drop GUI - LMS LMS . , . . LMS(Learning Management System) Blackboard(Web City), Angel LMS, Saba, SumTotal . LMS Blackboard, Moodle Sakai . < 2-7> Overall Comments 25. - 14 - Moodle - Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learnin Environment Perth - 200 50,000 (2007) - OS(Windows, Mac, Linux) , PHP MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, MS SQL server ( ) e.g) GUI PHP - e.g.) wiki, forums - LMS - , , , - WebCT - Moodlerooms Gradebook, , - Community forum Q&A , Moodle Rooms Sakai - a member-supported non-profit corporation - 100 - , , Sakai - , wiki , 26. - 15 - LMS Blackboard - Announcement, Assessment, Assignment - Online Discussion - delimited text file - delimited text file SIS - API - SCT , SCT Luminis, Datatel, PeopleSoft 8, SIS - Moodle - Announcement, Assessment, Assignment - delimited text file - delimited text file IMS Enterprise Specification v1.1 XML SIS - API - SCT , SCT Luminis, Datatel, PeopleSoft 8, SIS - IMS Enterprise Specification Sakai - Announcement, Assessment, Assignment - delimited text file , - API - SCT , SCT Luminis, Datatel, PeopleSoft 8, SIS - IMS Enterprise Specification - CM API : CM project site < 2-8> Course Authoring 27. - 16 - LMS Blackboard Adaptive Release Moodle Sakai - Lesson Builder - LMS Blackboard - - - , , Moodle - - - Sakai - - < 2-9> Interactivity/games/simulations < 2-10> Quizzing/testing tools 28. - 17 - LMS Blackboard - HTML, URLs - 5 star peer review Moodle - , , , - Email RSS feed - Gradebook , - Sakai - , , , - Email RSS feed - Gradebook , - - - - locking LMS Blackboard - / - Moodle - Sakai - / - - - Blog tools, wiki tool, mailtool, message tool, forum < 2-11> Social media < 2-12> Delivery platforms(Contents management) 29. - 18 - LMS Blackboard - , , IP address, - grade book - Offline Import/Export - percents, letter grades, pass/ fail Moodle - , IP address, , - - grade book - Offline Import/Export - percents, letter grades, pass/ fail Sakai - - grade book - Offline Import/Export - percents, letter grades, pass/ fail LMS Blackboard - iPhone, iPad Moodle Sakai < 2-13> Tracking functionality(Assessment) < 2-14> Mobile enabled 30. - 19 - LMS Blackboard Product provider Moodle - Commercial Affliates - Moodle Partners Sakai - Product provider - Commercial Affliates LMS Blackboard 1 (FTE students ) Moodle GPL Sakai 300 LMS Blackboard Moodle OSI-approved Sakai OSI-approved < 2-15> Hosted Services < 2-16> / < 2-17> Open Source 31. - 20 - LMS Blackboard - Course Management, Content Management, - Building Blocks APIs , , - 200 Building Blocks - , , , , SAP Moodle Sakai - Sakai , , , , , . - Sakai , , , , LMS Blackboard - SCORM 1.2 - SCORM 1.3 Moodle - AICC - IMS Content Packaging 1.1.3 - IMS Content Packaging 1.1.4 - IMS QTI 1.2.1 - IMS Enterprise 1.1 - SCORM 1.2 - SCORM 1.3 < 2-18> Optional Extra < 2-19> Standards Compliance 32. - 21 - Sakai - IMS Content Packaging 1.1.4 - IMS QTI 1.2.1 - IMS QTI 2.0 - SCORM 1.3 MIT , , OCW(Open Course Ware) . MIT OCW 215 100 . Top '' . Moodle Open University . Open University PC , Moodle PC OER(Open Education Resource) . Sakai VRE(Virture Research Environment) . , , , UCLA Moodle . [ 2-1] LMS LMS Blackboard, Moodle, Sakai, Desire2Learn, and eCollege . Blackboard 75% . 2004 LMS LMS . Cal State U/Delta Initiative Phil Hill , LMS LMS . 33. - 22 - [ 2-1] LMS . . , , . YouTube, TeacherTube, SlideShare, Flickr, , , MIT OCW(Open Courseware) . , , , , . 34. - 23 - [ 2-2] , . 2. LMS . LMS LMS LMS , LMS . , 35. - 24 - , LMS LMS LMS , , IT , , , 3. . , LMS . 36. - 25 - - - () - - - , , , . , . - - , . - - , / . , LMS . , . 37. - 26 - , LMS LMS . , LMS LMS . LMS . 38. - 27 - . LMS 1. LMS LMS . LMS Web 1.0 . IT . Kozma(1994) . , . , , , , , (Shull, 1988) . , , LMS . LMS , , , , . LMS [ 3-1] 39. - 28 - e-Learning IT e-Education . e-Education e-Learning , . IT . [ 3-1] LMS [ 3-2] 40. - 29 - '' ' ' . ERP . , , , , . ' . [ 3-2] 1990 IT . IT . . '(e-Learning)' , . 2007 1% 2019 50%, 2024 80% . - . . , . , IT . ' ' . () . 41. - 30 - [ 3-3] , . LMS IT , . , , . , LMS , . [ 3-3] (Pedagogy) 42. - 31 - 2. LMS , , LMS . , , e-mail, . . , LMS , , , , , , LMS . 3. LMS . LMS [ 3-4] LMS 43. - 32 - 1) - LMS , ? - Import/Export ? - ? - ? ( ?) - ( ) LMS ? - ? - ? - ? - ? - ?(e-Learning , KOCW/OCW ) - LMS ? - Active X ? - ? - ? - ? - ? ( ) - ? - 44. - 33 - ? - DB, DB () ? - e- ? 2) - ( WebEX, LiveMeeting, Centra, Interwise) ? - (, , , , ) (, SMS) ? - , , , ? - ? - , () , ? - ? - ? - , , ? - , PDF ? - OCW ? - ? - ? - MindTool( , , ) ? 45. - 34 - - Learning by Doing ? - ? - u-device ? - / ? - ?( u-device ?) - ? - tracking ? - , , ? - . - ? - ? - course (, CIPP ) ? - (, , , ) (Adaptive) ? ? - , LMS ? 46. - 35 - - (Reflection) (, 1:1 ) ? - (), Best Practice ? - , , ? - , , - ? - , Riss4u LMS - - ( , ) ? 3) - // ? - LMS ( ) ? - ? - ? - LMS LCMS ? - ? - ? - ? - LMS ? 47. - 36 - - ? - LMS ? - Meta Data ? - Self Reflection, Peer Reflection, Team Reflection ? - Reflection ? - KMS (best practice , ) ? - BP ? - showcase ? - ( 2 ) ? - , ? - 1:1 FAQ, AI ? - ( , ) ? - Community of Practice(CoP) ? - , ? - , , ? - , , - ? - , Riss4u LMS ? - 48. - 37 - ? - Computer Adaptive Test ? - (, ) ? 4) - ?(/) - ? (, , ) - (, , ) ? - ( ) ( LMS, LCMS, ERP, CRM, KMS ) ? - ? - ? - (AP ) LMS ? - LMS ? - LMS ? - ( ) ? - Open API ? - ? - ? - , ? - KMS Meta Data ? 49. - 38 - - ? (e-post-it ) - IT LMS ? - , u-device ? - 5-10 ? 5) - ? ? - ? - LMS HTTPS ? - (hooking) (integrity) ? - SSL ? 6) - : 50~100 - - 7) - Look & Feel ? - , ? - ? - SSO - ? - , ? 50. - 39 - - ? - , P2P , ? - ( ) ? - ? (e.g. ) - ? ( , 360 , ) - ? - ? - UI ? - ? 8) - ? - ? ? - ? - Open API ? - ? - ? 51. - 40 - Module o My Page o o o o o o o o () o / Module o My Page o o o o o o & o Module o o o o o o o o o o / o o o o o . LMS < 3-1> LMS 52. - 41 - 1) Module ) My Page - ( ) - ( , ) - - , - - - - - ( ) - - - - - ( , , DB) - (, ) - - My course New - - - - 53. - 42 - ) - - - ( , ON/OFF) - ( ) ) - - - SMS ) - ( ) - - - , ( ) ) - (, , - , , ) - - // - (, , ) - RSS - - / - - 54. - 43 - ) ( ) - ( ) - , , - wiki - - , ) - - // - - My Place - - - / / - peer evaluation ) - , , , , - LCMS ) - - - - - 55. - 44 - ) / - / - - - - (/ ) - - - 1:1 2) Module ) My Page - - - My course New ) - - - - grade center - , - SMS , , - - - 56. - 45 - ) - - - ( ) - , 360 , - ) - LCMS // Import/Export - - - - , , , - (, ) - , DRM ) - co-teaching enroll - Co-teaching - - 57. - 46 - - - - - Lesson Builder - - Adaptive Release - ) - - 1:1 - - ) - , , - ( , ) - peer evaluation - - ( ) ) & - , - ) TOEFL - 58. - 47 - - - / - - , , - - - - - - - , , / 3) Module ) - - - - - , , History - // - / // - - - ( , ) 59. - 48 - ) - , - , , History - // ) - (, , , ) - , , - , - () - - - - - ) - , - - ) - - , , - , , ( ) - / 60. - 49 - ) - ) - - - 24 - / ( ) ) - , LMS ) / - - Open API ) - - SSL ( ) - - - ( ) ) - LMS - , - 61. - 50 - ) - - ) - - - - - (H/W, S/W, N/W) - ) - , , - // - , SMS 62. - 51 - e-Learning e-Education - - , , - - (- ) - - - - - - . [ 3-5] LMS < 3-2> e-Learning e-Education 63. - 52 - - - / / - 100% - - , , - - , - - , - - - - - / - , - - - - - / - - , - , , - - , , - - - IT 64. - 53 - 4. LMS LMS LMS . LMS LMS (teaching) , . (Course Redesign) , . UNIST() '- (e-Education)' , 2009 e-Education . e-Education LMS . (1)IT-enabled Learning, IT (2)Active Learning , , . (Course Redesign) . e-Education (Pedagogy) e-Education . [ 3-5] e-Education LMS . e-Education LMS IV . 65. - 54 - [ 3-6] e-Education LMS . , . . . , 'Output ' 'Input ' . . . , 66. - 55 - . 'Input ' LMS 'Input ' (raw) LMS LMS . , LMS . LMS , . [ 3-7] LMS 67. - 56 - 'Input ' . LMS , , , , (, , , , ) . LMS . [ 3-8] LMS Input 68. - 57 - 5. LMS 2.0 . IT Smart . IT . , . . e-Education LMS (Master Plan) . IT . Next Generation Learning IT , , . , , 2009 6 ICT , . , . (smart) LMS IT . LMS LMS (Blackboard) LMS . , LMS , 69. - 58 - . . . LMS . LMS e-Education . LMS( K-LMS) , , . LMS LMS e-Education . LMS , . . . . LMS , LMS . LMS 50 1 ( 2. ) , Course Redesign, . LMS, , , , , . 70. - 59 - 2003 1,077,041 - 2004 1,298,484 221,443 20.6 2005 1,470,817 172,333 13.3 2006 1,617,797 146,980 10.0 2007 1,727,057 109,230 6.8 2008 1,870,475 143,418 8.3 2009 2,091,033 220,558 11.8 LMS , . 2010 3 2009 e-Learning . 1) e-Learning e-Learning 2009 e-Learning 2 9 . 2008 1 8 7 11.8% . < 3-3> e-Learning (: , %) 71. - 60 - - 2,071,892 945,369 886,283 96,434 143,806 100 45.6 42.8 4.7 6.9 < 3-4> e-Learning / (: ) 2009 e-Learning 2,091,033 1,368 1,528.5 490,904 312 1,573.4 211,291 152 1,390.1 1,388,838 904 1,536.3 2) e-Learning 2009 e-Learning 2009 e-Learning 2719 . 45.6% 9,453 , 42.8% 8,863 . 88.4% . / 1,438 6.9%, 964 4.7%. < 3-5> e-Learning / (: , %) 72. - 61 - 3) e-Learning (1) 2009 e-Learning 51 3.7% , 40 (29%) e-Learning . 8.4% , 3.6%, 2.2% . , 10.4% . , 31.2% . < 3-6> (: %) 3.7 2.9 13.9 79.5 100.0 3.6 5.7 17.7 73.0 100.0 8.4 5.7 31.2 54.7 100.0 2.2 1.4 10.4 86.0 100.0 73. - 62 - 48.6 35.8 14.0 11.9 9.0 7.3 6.9 6.5 5.4 35.6 < 3-7> (: %) (2) (49.6%) , (25.5%), (17.2%) . , , , , . 33.8% , 31.3%, 13.6% . < 3-8> ( : %) M&A 33.8 31.3 13.6 11.8 3.7 3.0 2.0 0.8 32.5 27.5 12.5 17.5 5.0 - 2.5 2.5 38.5 23.1 15.4 11.5 3.9 7.6 - - 32.4 37.9 13.5 8.1 2.7 2.7 2.7 - 2008 36.7 14.5 19.5 16.7 3.7 4.5 3.1 1.3 74. - 63 - 2008 2009 8.1 91.9 9.6 90.4 1.8 98.2 13.9 86.1 6.8 93.2 13.2 86.8 10.7 89.3 7.5 92.5 (3) 9.6% 2008 8.1% 1.5%p , 90.4% . (13.9%) (13.2%) (7.5%) . < 3-9> , ( : %) , e-Learning 34.3% , 22.1%, 19.9% . LMS LMS . LMS e-Education . 21 . 75. - 64 - . LMS 1. . 21 , (Carey, 2008; Wieman, 2008). [ 4-1] 76. - 65 - [ 4-1] , . , , . . , 21 . , . e-Learning IT . . . . . . . . . . 77. - 66 - . . . (Course Redesign) . . (Education System) - (e-Education System) . . . . e-Education system . . . Study Smart, Study Hard . . IMD, 2009 36, 30 24, 57 51 51 . 21 . . 78. - 67 - . IT 1.0 IT . . 2.0 IT . 2.0 IT (Rimer, 2009). [ 4-2] IT 2.0 . [ 4-2] 2.0 79. - 68 - IT 1.0 , . . IT 2.0 IT , . IT, . (Learning) (Teaching) . [ 4-3] ( , IT 1.0, IT 2.0) 80. - 69 - [ 4-3] IT 1.0 IT 2.0 . IT Teaching Process . IT 1.0 IT () , , . IT 2.0 . IT , , . IT . . (Learning) (Teaching) . . (Active Learning) . , . . . . . 81. - 70 - . , . (peer to peer) , (client) (server) . [ 4-4] . (passive learning) 20% , (active learning) 90% . (active learning) . [ 4-4] Passive Learning vs. Active Learning 82. - 71 - . . . . ? . . , . . . . . . . . , , , . 83. - 72 - . -(e-Education) . e-Education , . e-Education LMS (IT-enabled) , (Active Learning) . . LMS e-Education Infrastructure (Course Redesign) . e-Education . 2. e-Education . e-Education? e-Education LMS , 1990 MIT (Michael Hammer) (Reengineering) (Hammer, 1990) . ' (Course Redesign)' (Roach, 2009; Twigg, 2003). e-Education IT . e-Education 84. - 73 - (LMS: Learning Management System) . , , (Course Redesign) . . [ 4-5] e-Education [ 4-5] 2008 (UNIST) e-Education . (1)IT-enabled Learning, IT (2)Active Learning , , . (Course Redesign) . 85. - 74 - [ 4-6] e-Education e-Education : () () () e-Education : IT-enabled Learning: IT Active Learning: , , 86. - 75 - < 4-1> eLearning eEducation e-Learning e-Education (Learning) (Education) (Pedagogy) , IT (Operational) (Strategic) < 4-1> e-Education , . e-Learning . , . IT . , e-Education 87. - 76 - IT . , IT . . [ 4-7] e-Learning e-Education [ 4-7] (e-Learning) - (e-Education) . , IT , e-Education (pedagogy) , , . 88. - 77 - [ 4-8] e-Education [ 4-8] (e-Learning) -(e-Education) . 3. UNIST() e-Education . UNIST e-Education . (Carey, 2008; Duderstadt, Atkins and Houwling, 2005). 89. - 78 - [ 4-9] [ 4-9] . , . e-Education . . , . 90. - 79 - , , . . , , ? . ' (Active learning)' ' (Course redesign)' (Rimer, 2009; Roach, 2009; Twigg, 2003; Wieman, 2008). (Roach, 2009; Twigg, 2003). , (feedback) . . , . 10 ' (Course Redesign)' (Roach, 2009; Twigg, 2003; Wieman, 2008). UNIST e-Education IT . UNIST e-Education LMS 91. - 80 - (Course Redesign) . . PC . LMS , , Open Contents, Web 2.0 Application UNIST 2.0 . UNIST LMS . UNIST FMC(Fixed Mobile Convergence) . LMS(Learning Management System) . LMS 100% , UNIST . UNIST LMS . UNIST LMS (Blackboard) . , , , , . , , , . UNIST LMS, . 92. - 81 - . . 100% . / . IT , . UNIST e-Education. e-Education , (Course Redesign) . UNIST e-Education , e-Education Infrastructure . LMS . UNIST 2009 10 e-Education LMS , . IT . . . UNIST e-Education . e-Education , 93. - 82 - . , e-Education , . . Practical IT UNIST 2009 Practical IT e-Education . Practical IT 1 4( 9) 40 . 1 30 . , . . 4 ( 160) UNIST Practical IT . UNIST 100% , . , UNIST Practical IT Multi-tiered Teaching Blended . A I1)(Assistant Instructor) . 75 . Assistant Instructor LMS 1) AI(Assistant Instructor) , , , (feedback), (grading), Q&A, Small Section, LMS . 94. - 83 - , , . [ 4-10] . [ 4-10] UNIST e-Education . , , . , , . , LMS Excel . . , , , LMS . 95. - 84 - . , MyITLab . MyITLab Microsoft software(e.g. Excel, Access, Word, Powerpoint, etc.) . , . MyITLab e-Learning . Instructor MyITLab . Passing Score . . MyITLab . , 10 . . MyITLab . . , . . Assistant instructor . 96. - 85 - , LMS . e-learning , (Britain, 2004). IT e-Education Multi-tiered Teaching . [ 4-11] One-tiered vs. Two-tiered Teaching Model [ 4-11] One-Tiered Model AI(Assistant Instructor) Co-teaching Two-Tiered Model . Britain (2004) , LMS , . , IT . , Practical IT Blackboard LMS 97. - 86 - , . LMS , , . UNIST 100% , . , IT . Breslow(1979) , " " . (Breslow, 1979). . "Teaching with your mouth shut" Elbow(2000) . . Practical IT MyITLab . , Excel Access (hint) . , . , Blended LMS , . 98. - 87 - . (2008) , " , , " (p.252). (, 2008). Gibbs and Gosper(2006) LMS . , LMS . (2005) , . MyITLab . MyITLab , . (Grab and Grab, 2004). Multi-tiered Teaching . , IT . LMS , Assistant instructor . LMS . 99. - 88 - . . Assistant Instructor . Course Redesign Benefits (1) Quality up: - Active learning - PBL - One-on-one assistance - Ongoing assessment on each learning module and prompt (automated) feedback (2) Cost reduction: More than 60% (3) Teaching load down: More than 50% [ 4-12] e-Education (Practical IT ) [ 4-12] e-Education Practical IT . 100. - 89 - . Smart Phone UNIST e-Education LMS . . UNIST LMS Blackboard IT , . WiFi LMS , , Web 2.0 . Wiki Space, Slideshare, Teacher Tube, iTunes Web 2.0 . . , . , , . 101. - 90 - < 4-2> LMS (Learning Management System) - LMS(Blackboard) - , - (, ) - - iTunes U - Podcast - mp3 < 4-2> PC LMS , . [ 4-13] LMS Smart Phone 102. - 91 - , e-Education UNIST . ' (Active learning)' ' (Course redesign)' . UNIST LMS IT , . , . LMS , , Open Contents, Web 2.0 Application 2.0 . . UNIST e-Education 2009 UNIST e-Education . UNIST e-Education . 2008 e-Education Infrastructure 2009 3 e-Education . e-Education LMS . (Course Redesign) LMS IT 103. - 92 - e-Education . e-Education . [ 4-14] UNIST e-Education < 4-3> UNIST e-Education Infrastructure FMC Ubiquitous ( + WiFi + 3G ) iPhone Any Contents Out-sourcing LMS(Blackboard) , IT Teaching Learning 104. - 93 - UNIST IT(LMS, Contents, Smart Phone, WiFi ) IT 2.0 . LMS (Blackboard) (Factual) , , , PBL . (feedback) . UNIST AI(Assistant Instructor) (Multi-tiered Teaching Model) . AI, TA, Tutor Co-teaching . AI(Assistant Instructor) , , , (feedback), (grading), Q&A, Small Section, LMS . AI TA (gap) . 105. - 94 - () - - - Intensive Lecture (Pace ) - Co-teaching(AI, TA/RA, Tutor ) - , - , , , PBL - LMS , - () - - LMS - , - - () - LMS - LMS , , - LMS , , , - 1 2~3 < 4-4> e-Education < 4-5> UNIST (Course Redesign) . 2009 UNIST e-Education . < 3-5> . 106. - 95 - < 4-5> UNIST Course Redesign Course Redesign (1) QualityCurrent, CostCurrent, LoadCurrent (2) IT-enabled & Active Learning (3) Multi-Tiered Teaching Model , Co-teaching AI(Assistant Instructor) (AI, TA, Tutor ) Modeling ; () (Blended, Online, Emporium, Supplement, Replacement etc.) IT-enabled & Active Learning (1) IT - Remember(Knowledge): IT-intensive learning - Understand(Comprehension): Blended learning - Apply(Application): Human-intensive learning (2) Passive Learning Active Learning Course Redesign (1) - , , , , Quiz, Lab. Sessions, PBL, , Online , Online , Help Sessions (AI, TA/RA, Tutor ) (2) / - , Faculty (/ , ) - (small class size) (3) - , , (4) Faculty, AI, TA, Tutor , ( ) 107. - 96 - [ 4-15] Course Redesign Model . Teaching Model . [ 4-15] Course Redesign Model UNIST Course Redesign , Course Redesign . [ 4-16] Course Redesign Strategy 108. - 97 - V. (LMS) (LMS) , . - (e-Education) e-Education . LMS LMS . , , . LMS LMS . , . (Course Redesign) , . e-Education LMS . (1)IT-enabled Learning, IT (2)Active Learning , , . (Course Redesign) . e-Education (Pedagogy) e-Education . 109. - 98 - LMS . IT . e-Education LMS (Master Plan) . (smart) , LMS IT . LMS LMS (Blackboard) LMS . , LMS , . . . LMS . LMS e-Education . LMS , , . LMS LMS e-Education . LMS , . 110. - 99 - . . . LMS , LMS . LMS 50 , 100 . (Course Redesign), . LMS, , , , , . e-Education . . , e-Education , . e-Education . 111. - 100 - [1] 2009 e-Learning(2010), [2] (NEIS) (2009), [3] e-Learning I I (2008), [4] e- (KOCW) (2008), [5] e- (2007), [6] 2007 (2007), [7] () (2007), [8] u- (2006), [9] u- (2006), [10] (ISP)(2006), [11] u- (2005), [12] (LMS/LCMS) (2004), [13] Jin-Hyouk Im and Sang-Jin Yoo (2009), Strate Role of ICT for E-Education. The Journal of Information System. 18(2), pp.151-161. [14] "John" J.H.Im (2006, Winter), "Development of An E-education Framework," Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 9(4). Available at http://www.westga.edu/~distance/ojdal/winter94/im94.htm [15] Twigg, C.A. (2003), Improving Learning and Reducing Costs: New Models for Online Learning. EDUCAUSE. pp.28-38. [16] Wieman, C. (2008), Optimizing The University - Why We Need a 112. - 101 - New Educational Model For A New Century. Scientific Blogging. [17] Duderstadt, J.J., Atkins, D.E., and Houweling, D.V. (2005), Higher Education in the Digital Age(: ), . [18] Carey, K. (2008, November/December), Transformation101: Technology is driving down the cost of teaching undergraduates. So why are tuition bills going up? Washington Monthly. [19] Hammer, M. (1990, July-August), Reengineering Work: Dont Automate; Obliterate. Harvard Business Review. pp.104-112. [20] Altbach, P.G., Berdahl, R.O., and Gumport, P.J. (2005), American Higher Education in the Twenty-First Century: Social, Political, and Economic Challenges, 2nd Edition, Edited by The Johns Hopkins University Press. [21] Roach, R. (2009, April 30), Cutting Costs, Improving Quality. DiverseEducation.com. Available at http://diverseeducation.com/artman/publish/article_12530.shtml [22] Rimer, S. (2009. January 13), At M.I.T., Large Lectures Are Going the Way of the Blackboard. The New York Times. [23] -, , v165 pp.26-29, 2010.05 [24] , , 2009.12.21 [25] , , 2009.07.13 [26] , , 2009.09.22 [27] Jin H. Im, , , , 2008.02.21 [28] Jin H. Im, , , 2007.11.27 [29] Jin H. Im, , , 2007.11.27 [30] Jin H. Im, , , 2007.11.07 113. - 102 - < 1> LMS() Practical IT Bloom's Taxonomy . myitlab LCMS . Assistant Instructor . 114. - 103 - Blackboard . PC . 115. - 104 - Blackboard . . 116. - 105 - . , . 117. - 106 - Blackboard Assignment Grade Center . Assignment Grade Center . UNIST Discussion Board . 118. - 107 - . . Content Collection . 119. - 108 - Blackboard Quiz . . 120. - 109 - (ISP) 110,903,803 DB 13,8839,477 4,518,571,780 8,714,000,000 677,785,767 14,160,100,827 < 2> ( : , : 2009 12) 1,984,043 1,358,714 625,329 143,368 93,131 50,237 760,929 488,913 272,016 22,879 22,200 679 2,911,219 1,962,958 948,261 : 10%(291,000) LMS ( ) 121. - 110 - (ISP) - : ()0.95+10,000,000 - = - = (7.2)+(6.4)+(6.6)+ (6.4)+(6.2)=38.1 - = (0.6)*(1.6)*(1.0)*(0.7)* (1.0)*(1.0)*(0.8)*(1.0) = 0.5376 - = 20.48 =(4,710,705*19.27984+10,000,000)+ =110,903,803 DB DB () , , [ ] 6 122. - 111 - = * = 523*122,582() = 64,110,386 64,110,386 = DB*76% = 48,723,893 48,723,893 76% = /+ = 500,000+1,600,000 2,100,000 = (DB+)*10% = (64,110,386+48,723,893)*0.1 = 11,283,428 11,283,428 126,217,707 12,621,770 138,839,477 ( ) = + + = 84,686/ + 28,229/ + 9,667/ = 122,582 (2009 ) 400% , 21.9 : 30 , 21.9 123. - 112 - / = 500 * 1,000 = 500,000 = 80,000 * 10 * 2 = 1,600,000 ( ) = 543,358,800 * 3 = 1,630,076,400 ( ) 358,777 720(240*1) 1 86,106,480 333,226 1 79,974,240 239,085 1 57,380,400 188,139 2 90,306,720 146,620 2 70,377,600 140,918 2 67,640,640 110,637 2 53,105,760 90,599 1 21,743,760 69,680 1 16,723,200 1,677,681 13 543,358,800 = * 110% = 1,630,076,400 * 110% = 1,793,084,040 124. - 113 - = (+)*20%= 684,632,088 = (++)+= 4,518,571,780 ( ) - =*( 1.95%) = 4,828,351,257*1.95%=94,152,849 - = *( 5.85%) = 4,828,351,257*5.85%=282,458,549 = + = 376,611,398 = ++ + ( ) 4,518,571,780 138,839,477 170,940,000 - S/W 4,828,351,257 125. - 114 - 10~15% (1) = 4,518,571,780 * 15% = 677,785,767 : 2010 - 2009. 5. 20. 2009-102 LMS LMS , , , , . H/W 50% 90% , . . , . 126. - 115 - . CPU - CPU , . - CPU , , . - CPU , OS, , DB , DB Archive . - CPU . - , , . , . , , , . 127. - 116 - 1) 2) (DB ) 3) (DB) 1) Single tire 2) 2-tire 3) 3-tire 1) (24 ) 2) (1) 3) 1) 2) Operation 3) 4) 5) 1) (,,) 1) (,,) 1) Read only 2) Update 3) OLTP SSL WEB/WAS 128. - 117 - 1) Single System 2) HA System 3) 1) 2) 3) (1) 4) Peak-time 5) 1) 2) 1 3) Peak-time 4) 1) , , , , 1) 2) 3) 1) (, 1, 2, 3 ) 2) , , , 3) 3 4) 5) OLTP 129. - 118 - 1) 2) 3) 4) (7*24) , . , , , . . , , , , , , , 130. - 119 - = ( + +( * )} * * * = { + +SWAP} * = { + } * RAID * Memory CPU . , , . - (NCA IV-RER-03060 - ) Disk . . DBMS Archive RAID . - (NCA IV-RER-03060 - ) 131. - 120 - tmpC = * * tmpc * Peak-time * CPU * * ( * * ) * * * 291,000 () 30% 4 tpmC tpmC 30% Peak Time ] 50% 50% 40% 120% 0% 30% 329,239,728tpmC 132. - 121 - 291,000 () 30% 5 40% 30% 0% 30% 4,572,774,000Ops WEB/WAS WEB/WAS ops tpmC . Peak-time , 3 . OPS = * * Peak-time * * Operation WEB/WAS 133. - 122 - DB WEB/WAS : - 1. DB (1) 10%~30% 20% 3~5 4 (2) tpmC 30% 300 30% 300 (3) 50% 40% 30% 20% 134. - 123 - (4) DB ~ 8 ~ 32 ~ 128 ~ 256 256 1 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 50 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 300 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 500 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 500 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% (5) 3 5 5 1- 100% 80% 60% 2- 80% 60% 40% 3- 40% 30% 10% (6) 90%~120% 60%~80% 30%~50% (7) Active-Active 30%~50% Active-Standby 135. - 124 - 2. WEB/WAS (1) 5% ~ 10% ( 5%) 10% ~ 20% ( 10%) (2) 3 ( ) 4 5 6 (3) 5% . (4) 50% 40% 30% 20% 136. - 125 - *(30%)*3 2000*1.3*1.3*1.3=4,394 OS, DBMS, , : OS + () + (RAID) 64MB+1,024MB+32MB = 1,130MB *0.5MB 0.5MB*2=1MB , , DBMS 4,394*0.5MB=43,650MB 20% 1.2 30% 1.3 30% 1.3 (5) Active-Active 30%~50% Active-Standby WAS - Linux Kernel : 64MB Apache : 1,024MB (32MB* ( )) RAID : 32MB 137. - 126 - *(30%)*3 2000*1.3*1.3*1.3=4,394 OS, DBMS, , : OS + ( ) + (RAID) 64MB +512MB +32MB = 608MB *0.5MB 0.5MB*2=1MB DBMS *DB 4,394*0.5MB=43,650MB 20% 1.2 30% 1.3 30% 1.3 WAS = (1,130+1+43,650)*1.2*1.3*1.3 = 6,749MB = 90.815GB WAS 6 = 90GB/6 = 15GB ( ) Maximun = 32GB DB - Linux Kernel : 64MB mysql DBMS : 512MB (Large mode) RAID : 32MB DB = (608+1+43,650)*1.2*1.3*1.3 = 5,690MB = 89.757GB ( ) DB 3 = 90GB / 3 = 30GB Maximun = 32GB 138. - 127 - OS LINUX 2GB(Full Install) 2GB SWAP 2 16GB 30% 1.3 OS LINUX 2GB(Full Install) DBMS 1GB SWAP 2 16GB 30% 1.3 WAS WAS = (2+2+16)*1.3 = 23.4GB Maximun = 36GB DB System Disk DB = (2+1+16)*1.3 = 24.7GB Maximun = 36GB 139. - 128 - DB - * * - = 100 (30%) (+ 60%) 436,000/*1K*365*6 = 118,515MB 118,515MB*0.3=27,350MB (45,583MB+13,675MB)*0.6 = 71,109MB DB 118,515MB+27,350MB+71,109MB = 189,623MB RAID RAID-5 1.2 30% 1.3 Data Disk DB = (DB+)*RAID* = 295,812MB(288GB) Maximun = 300GB [] NCA IV-RER-03060( ) - 140. CR 2010-10 (LMS) 2010 12 (ww w .keris.or.kr) 100-400 22-1 : (02)2118-1114 : (02)2278-4368 22-1584(1999 7 3) : (02)2263-5087 . * : www.edunet.net * : www.riss4u.net