高考英语高考英语基础写作基础写作Nov. 2006Nov. 2006

基础写作常见问题基础写作常见问题1 、句子结构的错误① The heavy rain was not come for giving relief from drought （钰霞）② people noticed that they cut plenty of trees for money is wrong and known the importance of trees.( 梦辉）③They were ever to cut down larges number of trees, which they felt regretted now, and determined to plant more trees, green the mountain, stop from the people let it happen again （詹子婉）④ People there decided to plant trees and make a forest, beautified the smooth hills, preventing the same kind disaster happening again. ( 钥）2 、实义词的形式变化（时态、语态、非谓语） ① Recently western area was raining heavily after the long dry weather （蔡茵） ② Recently it has a heavy rain in the west…( 梦辉）3 、意义表达错误 People didn’t realize that the heavy rain give relief from drought rather than floods. 4 、不合英语习惯 They were hard to stop the flood. There has a heavy rain.

5 、题意理解错误。用条文式 (1.2.3….)• 1. There is but one China and Taiwan is a part of China.• 2. Taiwan, the biggest island, with a population of 22,000,000, lies to the southeast of Fujian Province.• 3. It is a very beautiful island.• 4. Riyuetan Pool and Mount Ali are very famous places of interest.• 5. Now, many Taiwanese come to the mainland, they visit their relatives and friends, and many of them build factories and run shops.

5 、用词不当： …they regarded what they have done …the water disaster (flood) 拼写错误或笔误 …,which destroied the farmland …trees were importance for their living environment They regreted cutting down a lot of trees… …made up their mind to planted more trees and to Stop the flood happen again.…a heavy rain came to the western of China…so they cutted down the trees 拼写错误，卷面很花7 、信息点组织不符合逻辑8 、卷面不整洁优点：经过一段时间的实践，已经有了 5 句话作文的意识，卷面更整洁，笔误越来越少，句子结构的准确性有了明显提高，速度更快。

假设你最近参加了由某电视台举办的中学生英语演讲比赛并获奖，该台准备组织获奖者去北京参加一次英语夏令营活动，下表是这次活动的时间安排和活动内容。

[ 写作内容 ] 电视台现就活动时间和活动内容征求你的意见。请按照以下要求以书信形式给予答复。 1 、选择适合你的时间并说明理由； 2 、解释你只能参加其中的两项活动（听英语讲座和教外宾学中文），虽然你 认为所有的活动都很有意义； 3 、说明你选择的理由：听英语讲座了解英美文化的信息；教外宾学中文因为 2008 北京奥运让越来越多的外宾想了解中国。[ 写作要求 ]1. 必须使用 5 个句子表达全部的内容2. 信的开头和结尾已给出。Dear Sir or Madame, I’m glad to be invited to the English summer camp.

活动时间 7 月 15 日 -22 日或 8 月 15 日 -22 日

活动内容 参加英语角 学唱英语歌曲听英语讲座 表演英语短剧看英语电影 教外宾学中文

2007 高考英语《考试说明》样题

题型特点题型特点1 、写作题材贴近学生的学习和生活。历年题材都非常贴近学生的学习和生活，可以预 料 07 年还会在这些范围之内。2 、写作的体裁主要是故事性描述和应用文写作两类。3 、写作内容具有半封闭性。写作内容是被规定了的，学生必须将文章所规定的信息点 完整地表达出来，但对于语言表达的方式、信息组织的先后秩序、需要补充哪些信 息等，学生又有一定的自主构思空间。 4 、信息点多，但必须用 5 句话表达全部信息点。须使用复杂句来综合多个信息点，而 且要兼顾句与句之间在语法上的衔接和语意上的连贯。5 、满分 15分，参考时间为 10分钟。6 、信息点呈现方式多样：

能力要求能力要求1 、审题能力 (包含全部信息）Ability to take in the information given2 、信息组织能力：信息组合、排列。Ability to analyze what is involved in the topicAbility to build up the frame of the composition3 、信息表达能力 Ability to express yourself ① 用词的合理性 ②句子结构的复杂度（从句、分词短语等） ③ 语法运用的正确性 ④信息内容的完整性 ⑤句子之间的连贯性4 、规范整洁的书写能力 :评分原则规定“如书写较差，以至影响 交际，将分数降低一个档次”（正确的拼写词汇和标点）

★基础写作评分模板

语言 语法和句子结构准确性高，复杂性。词汇使用好，只有少许错误 8、 7、 6、 5、 4、 3、 2、 1、0

内容 信息内容完整（不加减信息） 5、 4、 3、 2、 1、 0

连贯 内容连贯，且结构紧凑 2、 1、 0

项目 句子 评分板1 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

2 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

4 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

连贯 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

2 、分析法（以句子为单位）

【注】多一个少一个句子扣一分；文不对题给零分。

1 、印象法

⊙

推荐步骤推荐步骤• 认真审题 ( Read the topic carefully)• 归纳排列信息点 (Find out the key points organize the messages in 5 sentences )• 草拟短语 ( Translate the phrases) 确定短语和句型 Think of the words, phrases, sentence structures you may use in writing. • 连词成句 (Make up sentences) Change the sentence structure where necessary; • 组句成篇（润色） Add some conjunctions if needed. • 检查修改 (adding and revising)• 规范誊写

写作步骤写作步骤1 找准主题，以防偏题 (what) 参加夏令营。体裁格式2 明确目的，更有针对性（ why)

电视台邀请参加夏令营，写信回复。

3 时间 (when) 夏令营还没有开始，用一般将来时。人称时态、语态4 找准信息点 1 、所写文章有哪些信息点？ 6 项活动

2 、怎样怎么组合、排列信息点？

第 1步 审题

1 、整合信息（按逻辑顺序整合成 5 个句子 )① 很高兴有机会参加活动 (such activities as)② 选择 7 月 15 日 -22 日或 8 月 15 日 -22 日并说明理由③ 只参加两项－听英语讲座和教外宾学中文，虽然所有活动都很有意义④ 说明选择的理由：听英语讲座了解英美文化的信息；教外宾学中文因为2008 北京奥运让越来越多的外宾想了解中国。（整合）⑤

第 2步 整合信息， 译成英语。

2 、译成英文词语或句子 ( 在上面基础上幻灯呈现句子所需的词汇，短语和句型 )

第 3步 连词成句。考虑句子结构的复杂性和句子内容的连贯性① 很高兴能有机会参加活动 (such activities as)

Thank you very much for arranging so many activities, such as attending English corner, having English lectures, seeing English films, learning English songs, acting English plays and helping foreigners learn Chinese.

② 选择一个时间并说明理由； 7 月 15 日 -22 日或 8 月 15 日 -22 日

③ 只能参加两项活动－－听英语讲座和教外宾学中文），同时表示所有的活动都很有意义；I can only take part in two of them, because I will have to spend some time in doing my research project.

I would like to listen to the lectures and help foreigners learn Chinese, （组合）④ 说明你选择的理由：了解英美文化的信息；让越来越多的外宾想了解中国。I will learn more about western culture, as more and more foreigners want to know about China and the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

第第 44 步步 连句成篇 连句成篇Dear Sir or Madam, I’m glad to be invited to the English summer camp. ①Thank you very much for arranging so many activities, such as attending English corner, having English lectures, seeing English films, learning English songs, acting English plays and helping foreigners learn Chinese. ②I am sure all the activities will do a lot of good to us students. ③But it’s a pity that I can only take part in two of them, because I will have to spend some time in doing my research project. ④I would like to listen to the lectures, in which I will learn more about western culture, and help foreigners learn Chinese, as more and more foreigners want to know about China and the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. ⑤Due to the fact that I will see my grandparents in the country right after our school finishes in mid-July, I am going to attend the camp from August 15th to 22nd. Thank you very much. Yours truly, Li Ping

Dear Sir or Madam,

I’m glad to be invited to the English summer camp.

①Thank you very much for arranging so many

activities, such as attending English corner, having

English lectures, seeing English films, learning

English songs, acting English plays and helping

foreigners learn Chinese. ②I am sure all the activities will do a lot of good to us students. ③But

it’s a pity that I can only take part in two of them,

because I will have to spend some time in doing my

research project. ④I would like to listen to the

lectures, in which I will learn more about western

culture, and help foreigners learn Chinese, as more

and more foreigners want to know about China and

the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. ⑤ Due to the fact that I will see my grandparents in the country right after our school finishes in mid-July, I am going to attend the camp from August 15th to 22nd.

Thank you very much. Yours truly,

Li Ping

第①句顺应已给出的句中的 glad心情，表示感谢安排这么多的活动，具有较好的连贯性。同时很自然地将活动内容做一介绍。第②句用简单句表达活动的意义，语意上连贯，句式上没有继续用“长”句，有变化。第③句用 but转折并用 it’s a pity 句型表示委婉的歉意，然后解释原因。第④句用一个长句子表达自己要参加的两个项目，并解释原因，解释原因的第一句用定语从句，第二句用状语从句，使句子结构富于变化。第⑤句解释参加的时间并给出解释。之所以把时间放在后面，主要是考虑它与题目已经给出的句子之间在语意上的连贯性不够。

点评

Another possible version:

Dear Sir or Madame, I’m glad to be invited to the English summer camp. I’ve decided to go to Be

ijing for the English summer camp during the time from 15~22, July because I’ll have to stay with my parents for the rest of the summer vocation in America. I will choose two activities to take part in though all of them are meaningful and interesting, which are listening to English lectures and teaching foreigners Chinese. I think I can learn more about British and American literatures by attending the lectures and speeches. And the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing so many foreign friends will come to China at that time. I want to let more and more foreigners know better about China.

Thank you very much. Yours truly, Li Ping

课堂实践课堂实践请根据情景说明，用 5 个规范的句子描述全部所给的信息内容。【写作内容】 用英语写一封便函给你的同学 Sam ，邀请他参加同学聚会。聚会时间：本周六（ 12 月 2 日）下午 6 点 30 分。聚会地点：张梅家（光明路 25 号）。聚会地点路线图：按下图所画路线告诉 Sam 怎样去张梅家。

【写作要求】1 、必须使用 5 个句子介绍全部所给的内容2 、将 5 个句子组织成连贯的短文。注意：便函的格式已给出。 November 27th, 2006Dear Sam,—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— Yours, Li Wen

• 第 1步：审题1 主题 (what) 2 目的（ why)3 时间 (when)4 任务

用英语写一封便函给你的同学 Sam邀请 Sam 参加同学聚会

本周六（ 12 月 2 日）下午 6 点 30分，用一般将来时。告诉 Sam聚会的地点和路线图。

1 本周六（ 12 月 2 日）下午 6 点 30分在张梅家同学聚会（将时间、地点、事情 3 信息组合）。

2 张梅住光明路 25号。3 在学校门口坐第 3路公共汽车，在第二个十字路口银行对面下车。4 下车后，向右转，找到光明路。5 沿光明路直接往前走，张梅家就在电影院对面。

第第 22步、整合信息、译成英语步、整合信息、译成英语

将怎样去张梅家信息拆散

① The students in our class are going to have a get-together in Zhang Mei’s home at 6:30 this Saturday afternoon. ② She lives at No. 25 Guangming Road and it is not very difficult to find your way to her home.③ Take a No. 3 Bus at the gate of our school and get off at the second crossing where you can see a bank across the street. ④ Then turn right at the corner and you will find Guangming Road. ⑤ Walk straight along the road until you see a cinema on the other side of the road, which is opposite to Zhang Mei’s home.

第 3步：连词成句

第第 44 步 连句成篇步 连句成篇 November 27th, 2006Dear Sam, ① The students in our class are going to have a get-together in Zhang Mei’s home at 6:30 this Saturday afternoon. ② She lives at No. 25 Guangming Road and it is not very difficult to find your way to her home. ③ Take a No. 3 Bus at the gate of our school and get off at the second crossing where you can see a bank across the street. ④ Then turn right at the corner and you will find Guangming Road. ⑤ Walk straight along the road until you see a cinema on the other side of the road, which is opposite to Zhang Mei’s home. Yours, Li Wen

•广州市高三诊断性测试评分样卷 ( 得 2 分 ) In general, we satisfied with the service o

f the travel center. ( 内容 1 分 ) Expecialy, the guid treated us very kind-hearted and careful to take care of the old. ( 内容得 0.5 分 )In addition, the guid talked about the travel place was clear and livly, increased our knowledge. （内容得 1 分） However, the food of the restaurant provide was not fit to us, we have to buy something food ourselves. （ 2 分） I think you should introduce more excellent shopping center for us. 连贯： 2.5 分 In general ， Expecialy ， In addition ， However ， I think

• Total: 9 points

努力方向： 1 、积累句型特别是复合句的积累 2 、扩大词汇量 3 、加强练习，同时提高练习的质量

1.《考纲词汇》首字母 A 的单词；2.《英语周报》第 14期基础写作；

HOMEWORK 11.27.

2004 年广东卷 假设你是下图的李华。请根据图画所提供的信息，写一篇英语作文，描述昨天晚上邻居看足球赛影响你学习的情况，并描写你随后与邻居交涉的过程 (如：你向邻居提出要求，对方向你表示歉意等。 ) 注意： 1. 词数： 80—120 2. 可以编写对话或其它叙述方式描写你与邻居的交涉过程

2005 年广东卷 Michael 是一名美国中学生，在学校里选修汉语。他利用暑假到中国进修，希望进一步了解中国文化。有一天，他看到下面有关成语的漫画，不大明白其中的意思。请你用英语把漫画所表达的故事和寓意写成一段短文，向他解释。 注意： 1．词数：在 80—120 词之间； 2．参考词汇： bump into(撞上 )， hoe(锄头 )

2006 年广东卷 根据以下图画，写一篇英语短文，描述今昔通讯方式的变化，以及这些变化给人们生活带来的影响。 注意： 1．词数： 100左右 2．生词：通讯： communicate (with sb． )vi. communication n． 互联网： the Internet n.

常用的过渡表达法（过渡词）1 表增加 also, and, and then, too,in addition,furthermore, moreover,again2 表时间，顺序 now, then, before, after, afterwards,earlier, later, immediately, soon. next, in a few days,gradually, suddenly, finally3 表空间，顺序 near, far from, in front of, behind, beside, beyond, above, below, to the right/left, aroundon one side, outside4. 表示比较的： in the same way, just like( as)5. 表示对照的： but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in spite of, even though6. 表示目的的： for the reason, for this purpose, so that7. 表示强调的： in fact, indeed, surely, certainly, without any doubt, above all, the most important8. 表示解释说明的： for example, in fact, in this case ， actually9. 表示总结的： finally, at last, in conclusion, as I have shown, in other words, in brief, as have been stated