07.05.r.hoang nguyenminh

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

361

NGHIN CU CH TO VT LIU COMPOSITE TRN C S NHA

POLYESTER KHNG NO GIA CNG NANOCLAY V SI THY TINH

INVESTIGATION ON PROCESSING NANOCLAY/GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED

UNSATURATED POLYESTER COMPOSITES

SVTH: Nguyn Minh Hong

Lp 05H4, Khoa Ha, Trng i hc Bch khoa

GVHD: TS. on Th Thu Loan

Khoa Ha, Trng i hc Bch khoa

TM TT

Nanocomposite trn c s nha polyester khng no (UPE) v nanoclay vi cc hm

lng 1%; 2%; 3% khi lng (kl) nanoclay c ch to bng phng php khun. Bng cc

phng php nhiu x tia X (XRD), o tnh cht c l xc nh c hm lng nanoclay ti

u l 2%kl. Nanocomposite vi hm lng nanoclay ti u tng 15,27% bn ko v 17,01%

bn un so vi mu nha UPE. S c mt nanoclay ci thin ng k bn mi trng

(nc my, nc bin, NaOH, HCl) ca vt liu composite t nha UPE v si thy tinh.

ABSTRACT

Nanocomposites based on unsaturated polyester (UPE) and nanoclay (1; 2; 3 wt%) were

prepared by casting method. By X-ray diffraction (XRD), mechanical testing, the optimal content of

nanoclay in UPE nanocomposite determined is 2wt%. UPE nanocomposite with optimal content of

nanoclay improved 15,27% tensile strength and 17,01% flexural strength comparing to pure UPE

sample. Chemical resistance (seawater, seawater, acid HCl, NaOH) of glass fiber reinforced UPE

composite significantly improved while adding 2 wt% nanoclay.

1. t vn

Nc ta c ngun nguyn liu nanoclay kh phong ph, ti Nha M (BnhThun),

Duy Linh (Lm ng)nn nhiu cng ty khai thc bentonit sn xut nanoclay

di dng thng phm vi gi r hn nhiu so vi cc loi vt liu gia cng c kch thc

nano khc v cc ngun nguyn liu nano ngoi nhp. Tuy nhin, cc nghin cu lin quan

ti vt liu nanocomposite trn c s nanoclay Vit Nam ta cn rt t. Chnh v vy, vic

nghin cu ch to vt liu nanoclay composite v kho st s nh hng ca nanoclay n

cc tnh cht ca composite nn nha UPE gia cng si thy tinh l rt cn thit.

2. Thc nghim

2.1. Nguyn liu

Nha Polyester khng no s dng loi 2117 sn xut Singapor. Si thy tinh dng

mat 300 g/m2 do Trung Quc sn xut. Nanoclay c sn xut ti Vit Nam bi cng ty

TNHH Minh H, l loi bentonite dng bt, c t s SiO2/(Al2O3+Fe2O3) dao ng t 4,36

5,54, c bin tnh bng silan.. Cht xc tc ng rn Methyl ethyl keton peroxide

(MEKP), cht chng dnh khun, NaOH (10%), HCl (10%), nc bin v nc ct.


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2.2. Phng php kho st cc tnh cht

2.1.1. Nanocomposite trn c s nha UPE v nanoclay

a. Kho st nh hng ca thi gian siu m n s phn tn nanoclay trong

nha UPE

Phn tn nanoclay (2% kl) trong nha UPE vi cc khong thi gian: 0,5h; 1h; 1,5h

bng my siu m UTRASONIC PROCESSOR 750 WATT MODEL. Sau , ln lt

quan st v chp nh di knh hin vi quang hc OLYMPUS phng i 1000 ln ti

Phng th nghim Vi Sinh, i hc Bch Khoa Nng.

b. Kho st s phn tn nanoclay trong nha UPE bng phng php nhiu x

tia X (XRD)

ng nht siu m hn hp nha v nanoclay (1% kl; 2% kl; 3% kl) thi gian ti

u ri to mu vi kch thc 2100100 (mm3) v cho ng rn trong 72h nhit

phng, em i sy 700C trong 3h ng rn hon ton. Sau o XRD ti Phng th

nghim trng im Polymer Composite, i hc Bch Khoa T.P H Ch Minh.

c. Kho st tnh cht c l ca nanocomposite

ng nht siu m hn hp nha v nanoclay (1% kl; 2% kl; 3% kl). Sau to

mu vi khun c kch thc ( 4200200 ) mm3, cho mu ng rn trong 72h nhit

phng v sy 700C trong 3h ng rn hon ton. Cc mu c o c l: o bn

ko theo tiu chun ISO 3268, o bn un theo tiu chun ISO 178-1975 bng my UH-

500 KNI SHIMADZU ti Phng th nghim Sc Bn Vt Liu, trng i hc Bch Khoa

Nng.

2.1.2. Kho st cc tnh cht ca composite trn c s nha UPE gia cng bng si thy

tinh v nanoclay

a. Gia cng mu composite

Mu nanocomposite UPE v nanoclay:

Lm sch b mt khun, ph lp chng dnh ln khun. Si thy tinh c ct

theo hnh dng khun v c sy 105 0C trong t pht. Cn khi lng nha v si theo

t l nha/si l 60/40 1 . Cn khi lng nanoclay theo gi tr nanoclay ti u v chun b

cht xc tc ng rn vi hm lng ti u kho st trn.

Gia cng mu composite trn c s nha UPE gia cng bng si thy tinh: Sau

khi chun b nha xong th tin hnh trn cht xc tc ng rn vo nha. Tin hnh p

ln lt tng lp si v ln nha tht k vo mi lp nha thm t u si v trnh s

to thnh bt kh. Sau khi ln xong, cho mu ng rn trong 72h nhit phng v sau

sy 70 0C trong 3h.

Mu composite trn c s nha UPE gia cng bng si thy tinh v nanoclay:

ng nht siu m hn hp gm nha UPE v nanoclay vi hm lng v thi

gian ti u kho st. Qa trnh gia cng tin hnh tng t nh gia cng mu composite

trn c s nha UPE gia cng bng si thy tinh.

b. Kho st bn ca mu trong cc mi trng

Cc mu c ngm trong mi trng: nc my, nc bin, NaOH (10%), HCl


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(10%) trong thi gian l 30 ngy nhit phng. Sau tin hnh o: bn ko theo

tiu chun ISO 3268, bn un theo tiu chun ISO 178-1975 ca cc mu composite

trc v sau khi ngm.

3. Kt qu v tho lun

3.1. Nanocomposite trn c s nha UPE v nanoclay

3.1.1. nh hng ca thi gian siu m n s phn tn nanoclay trong nha UPE

Hn hp UPE v nanoclay sau khi ng nht siu m c quan st di knh hin

vi thu c kt qu nh sau (hnh 3.1):

(a) (b) (c) Hnh 3.1. nh chp di knh hin vi quang hc (1000x) ca hn hp UPE v

2% nanoclay sau khi phn tn bng sng siu m vi thi gian: 0,5h (a); 1h (b); 1,5h (c).

Da vo cc hnh 3.1a, b, c cho thy rng thi gian siu m ti u l 1h. Khi siu

m trong thi gian 0,5h th cc mch phn t nha UPE mi ch xen ln gia cc lp

nanoclay, cc kt t vn cn nhiu. Khi siu trong thi gian 1h th dng nh khng cn

cc kt t na do a s cc lp nanoclay c tch lp, cc mch i phn t ca nha

UPE chn vo gia cc lp nanoclay. Tuy nhin, nu tip tc tng thi gian siu m th

s phn tn nanoclay vo trong nha cng khng c ci thin hn na (hnh 3.1c).

3.1.2. Ph nhiu x tia X ca nanocomposite UPE/clay

Kt qu XRD ca cc mu tng ng vi 1%; 2%; 3%kl nanoclay sau khi ng

nht siu m vi nha UPE v mu bt nanoclay c th hin hnh 3.2.

Hnh 3.2. Ph nhiu x tia X ca bt nanoclay (a); nanocomposite UPE

v nanoclay vi cc gi tr hm lng l: 3% (b); 2% (c); 1% kl (d).

Trn ph nhiu x tia X ca clay xut hin peak vi khong cch c bn d 1,9 nm

2 = 4,20, sau khi phn tn trong nha UPE bng phng php ng nht siu m th

peak ny khng cn na. iu ny cho thy s phn tn t c hiu qu chn tch


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ca nha UPE trong clay to ra nanocomposite dng cu trc phn lp hon ton.

3.1.3. Tnh cht c l ca nanocomposite UPE/clay

bn ko, bn un ca nanocomposite UPE/clay cc gi tr 1%; 2%; 3% kl

nanoclay c th hin hnh 3.3.

Da vo hnh 3.3 cho thy rng, hm

lng nanoclay ti u l 2% kl v

nanocomposite 2% kl nanoclay th tng

15,27% bn ko v 17,01% bn un so

vi mu nha UPE . iu ny c gii

thch l do gi tr 1% kl; 2% kl nanoclay

th s chn v tch lp tt ca nanoclay vo

trong nha nn nhng vi 1% kl nanoclay th

cha nhiu lm tng cao c tnh cho vt liu, nn vi 2% kl nanoclay th va m

bo s phn tn tt va m bo tng bn. Mu nanocomposite vi 3% kl nanoclay th

nht tng cao trong qu trnh siu m v bt kh hnh thnh nhiu trong sn phm

nanocomposite nn bn ca vt liu gim xung.

3.2. Composite trn c s nha UPE gia cng bng nanoclay v si thy tinh

3.2.1. Tnh cht c l

bn ko, bn un ca composite UPE/si thy tinh v composite UPE +

nanoclay/si thy tinh c th hn hnh 3.4.

Da vo hnh 3.4 c th thy rng

composite UPE + nanoclay/si thy tinh c

bn ko tng 14,98%, bn un tng 16,13%

so vi composite UPE/si thy tinh, chng t

s c mt ca nanoclay ci thin nh bn

c l ca composite UPE/si thy tinh.

3.2.2. bn mi trng

bn ko, bn un ca composite

UPE/si thy tinh v composite UPE +

nanoclay/si thy tinh c th hin hnh 3.5.

Hnh 3.5. bn ko, bn un ca composite UPE/si thy tinh v composite UPE + nanoclay/si thy tinh.

Da vo hnh 3.5 c th thy rng bn ca vt liu composite gim dn trong

cc mi trng: nc my, nc bin, HCl, NaOH. S c mt ca nanoclay trong cu trc

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Cha

ngm

Nc

my

Nc

bin

NaOH HCl

Mi trng

b

n u

n (

MP

a)

Nha-si

Nha-nanoclay-

si

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Cha

ngm

Nc

my

Nc

bin

NaOH HCl

Mi trng

b

n k

o (

MP

a)

Nha-si

Nha-nanoclay-

si

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0 1 2 3 4

Hm lng nanoclay (%)

b

n (

MP

a)

bnko

bnun

Hnh 3.3. nh hng ca hm lng nanoclay

n bn ko v bn un

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

UPE/si thy tinh UPE +clay/si thytinhComposite

b

n (M

Pa)

bnko

bnun

Hnh 3.4. bn ko, bn un ca composite UPE/si thy tinh v composite

UPE+nanoclay/si thy tinh


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composite lm tng ng k bn mu trong cc mi trng. Bi v cc lp clay ng

vai tr l cc tm chn s thm nhp ca cc thnh phn thp phn t trong mi trng v

do s tng tc tt ca b mt cc lp clay vi mch phn t nha nn nn lm tng

bn cho vt liu.

4. Kt lun

ch to c vt liu nanocomposite trn c s nha UPE gia cng bng si

thy tinh bng phng php ng nht siu m.

Vi 2% kl nanoclay so vi nha th vt liu nanoccomposite to thnh c tnh cht

c l ti u.

S c mt ca nanoclay trong cu trc lm tng bn mi trng cho vt liu

composite.

5. Kin ngh

Nu c iu kin v thi gian hn na, em s kho st thm mt s vn :

Nghin cu ch to vt liu composite phc hp trn c s nha polyester khng

no v epoxy gia cng bng nanoclay v si thu tinh.

Kho st phng php khuy c hc phn tn nanclay trong nha polyester

khng no.

Kho st hm lng ph gia chng bt kh ti u cho nanocomposite.

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Nguyn Th Hng (2009), nh gi bn ca vt liu composite trn c s nha

Polyester khng no gia cng bng si thy tinh trong mi trng nc bin, i

hc Bch Khoa Nng, tr. 38-40.

NGHIN CU CH TO VT LIU COMPOSITE TRN C S NHA POLYESTER KHNG NO GIA CNG NANOCLAY V SI THY TINHTM TTABSTRACTt vn Thc nghimNguyn liu2.2. Phng php kho st cc tnh chtNanocomposite trn c s nha UPE v nanoclayKho st nh hng ca thi gian siu m n s phn tn nanoclay trong nha UPEKho st s phn tn nanoclay trong nha UPE bng phng php nhiu x tia X (XRD)Kho st tnh cht c l ca nanocomposite

Kho st cc tnh cht ca composite trn c s nha UPE gia cng bng si thy tinh v nanoclayGia cng mu compositeKho st bn ca mu trong cc mi trng

Kt qu v tho lunNanocomposite trn c s nha UPE v nanoclaynh hng ca thi gian siu m n s phn tn nanoclay trong nha UPEPh nhiu x tia X ca nanocomposite UPE/clayTnh cht c l ca nanocomposite UPE/clay

Composite trn c s nha UPE gia cng bng nanoclay v si thy tinhTnh cht c l bn mi trng

Kt lunKin nghTI LIU THAM KHONguyn Th Hng (2009), nh gi bn ca vt liu composite trn c s nha Polyester khng no gia cng bng si thy tinh trong mi trng nc bin, i hc Bch Khoa Nng, tr. 38-40.

07.05.r.hoang nguyenminh

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