104

104

大學入學考試中心

104學年度學科能力測驗

英文考科

試題詳解與分析>>>>

課本選三民，學測奪取高分非難事！

‧於每課精心編列高中學生必備單字、衍生字、詞類變化，提供情境完整之例句，力求學生能熟悉單字之正確用法，單字drill夠紮實！

‧全國首創詞彙得分大力丸單元──Word File

(統整字根、字首、字尾造字概念，於本套教材一至六冊詳實介紹，幫助學生延伸單字量、增強拆解與拼湊字彙的能力，四冊之後單字實力破四千五百！

(增列常見搭配用語，讓學生於單字例句之外，更能全面地掌握該字詞用法！

(針對該課主題補充主題性單字，讓學生在適當的教材內容中認識更多專業的說法，提升自我英文能力！

‧於每課課文右上角的Reading Task單元教學生怎麼讀課文，怎麼抓文章重點。小小方格蘊藏閱讀文章的大智慧！

(以問題的型式讓學生邊讀邊找答案，實際操作skimming、scanning等閱讀技巧。再長篇的文章也能信手拈來，讀出心得！

(暗示學生該篇文章重點所在，一冊十二課，等於作了十二篇深度閱讀訓練。大考四篇閱讀測驗僅是小case！

‧課文頁後尚有Reading Comprehension單元，供學生立即檢視文章吸收程度，助學生review該篇課文重點。

(針對Reading Task的問題或提示設計簡單不費時的題目，動動腦作答，增加學生對學習英文的信心，又能達到學習英文的效果！

(針對課文內容設計選擇題，並融入大考常見閱讀測驗題型，如主旨題(main idea)、細節題(which of the following statements is true)、推論題(inference)等，及早練習，及早上手！

‧課文主題豐富而多元，舉凡健康生活、外國風土、多元文化、發明世界、本土文化、生命教育、人物介紹等等，應有盡有，帶領學生探索不同專業領域，面對大考閱測文章再也不害怕！

‧Sentence Patterns單元以基礎句型堆疊而上，循序漸進介紹進階句型，輔以練習題提供學生活用的機會。有了句型單元的加持，翻譯可以翻出好句子！

‧一至六冊系統化的top-down寫作單元，詳細介紹各類寫作文體，哪怕論說文、記敘文，或是大考常客應用文皆涵括編列，讓學生駕輕就熟！

第壹部分：單選題（占72分）

一、詞彙（佔15分）

說明︰第1至15題，每題選出最適當的一個選項，標示在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。每題答對得1分，答錯不倒扣。

1. Nowadays many companies adopt a ______ work schedule which allows their employees to decide when to arrive at work—from as early as 6 a.m. to as late as 11 a.m.

(A) relative(B) severe(C) primitive(D) flexible

現今有許多公司採用彈性的工時制，讓員工決定幾點上班—早至上午6時，晚至上午11時。

(A)相對的(B)嚴重的(C)原始的(D)彈性的

【解析】由句意員工可自行決定在上午6時至11時間任何時間上工，可知公司未強制規定上班時間，工時很彈性，故選(D)。

2. To teach children right from wrong, some parents will ______ their children when they behave well and punish them when they misbehave.

(A) settle(B) declare(C) reward(D) neglect

為了教孩子們辨別是非，有些父母在孩子們表現良好時給與獎賞，在孩子們舉止失當時予以懲罰。

(A)安頓(B)宣布(C)獎賞(D)忽略

【解析】由對等連接詞and可推知兩個動詞片語為對等的情形，當孩子們表現良好時得到獎賞，舉止失當時則受到懲罰，故選(C) reward。

【補充】 from有表示區別或比較之意。例：tell A from B 辨別A與B；know right from wrong 辨別是非

3. To stick to a tight budget, Robert bought a more ______ LED TV instead of a fancy, expensive 3D TV.

(A) technical(B) significant(C) affordable(D) expressive

為了堅守緊縮的預算，Robert捨棄新潮昂貴的3D電視，買了比較負擔得起的LED電視。

(A)技術的(B)有意義的(C)負擔得起的(D)表現的

【解析】由關鍵詞tight budget得知，Robert買不起昂貴的3D電視，只能負擔較便宜的LED電視，所以本題選(C) affordable。

【補充】tight尚可指時間或空間安排得滿滿的，例：

tight schedule 緊湊的行程；tight squeeze 擁擠的空間

4. David’s new book made it to the best-seller list because of its beautiful ______ and amusing stories.

(A) operations(B) illustrations(C) engagements(D) accomplishment

因為有精美的插圖與有趣的故事，David的新書成功進入暢銷書榜。

(A)操作(B)插圖(C)諾言(D)成就

【解析】有精美插圖與有趣故事的書能受到讀者的喜愛，可推知答案選(B) illustrations。

5. The airport was closed because of the snowstorm, and our ______ for Paris had to be delayed until the following day.

(A) movement(B) registration(C) tendency(D) departure

因為暴風雪機場關閉，因此我們必須延至隔天才能起程飛往巴黎。

(A)運動(B)登記(C)傾向(D)起程

【解析】( 由文意機場關閉，前往各地的行程都會延遲，可知答案應選(D) departure。

( 也可由空格後的介系詞for推知應搭配departure。

【補充】departure for：前往某地

6. The moment the students felt the earthquake, they ran ______ out of the classroom to an open area outside.

(A) swiftly(B) nearly(C) loosely(D) formally

學生一感覺到地震就迅速跑出教室到戶外的空曠處。

(A)迅速地(B)幾乎(C)鬆弛地(D)正式地

【解析】依據常理，地震一發生，人們必定會迅速逃至空曠處避難，因此答案應選(A) swiftly。

【補充】The moment = The instant = The minute = As soon as：一…就…

7. The ______ capacity of this elevator is 400 kilograms. For safety reasons, it shouldn’t be overloaded.

(A) delicate(B) automatic(C) essential(D) maximum

這臺電梯的最大承載重量是400公斤。安全起見，不應超載。

(A)精美的(B)自動的(C)必要的(D)最大的

【解析】由後句「電梯不應超載」可反推前句指的是電梯的最大承載量，故選(D) maximum。

8. An open display of ______ behavior between men and women, such as hugging and kissing, is not allowed in some conservative societies.

(A) intimate(B) ashamed(C) earnest(D) urgent

男女之間公開表現的親密行為，例如擁抱與親吻，在某些保守的社會不被允許。

(A)親密的(B)羞愧的(C)誠摯的(D)緊急的

【解析】由擁抱與親吻可推知指的是親密行為，故選(A) intimate。

9. When taking medicine, we should read the instructions on the ______ carefully because they provide important information such as how and when to take it.

(A) medals(B) quotes(C) labels(D) recipes

服藥時，我們應該詳讀標籤上的說明，因為它們提供了像服用方法與時間等的重要訊息。

(A)獎章(B)引文(C)標籤(D)食譜

【解析】由常理可知，藥品的標籤會提供該藥物的重要資訊，故應選(C) label。

10. The angry passengers argued ______ with the airline staff because their flight was cancelled without any reason.

(A) evidently(B) furiously(C) obediently(D) suspiciously

氣憤的乘客們憤怒地和地勤人員爭論，因為他們的班機毫無原因取消了。

(A)明顯地(B)狂怒地(C)服從地(D)猜疑地

【解析】從形容詞angry與文意「班機莫名取消」，可知乘客們必定怒不可遏，故選(B) furiously。

11. To ______ the new product, the company offered some free samples before they officially launched it.

(A) contribute(B) impress(C) promote(D) estimate

為了促銷新產品，這間公司在正式發行前提供一些免費試用品。

(A)貢獻(B)給…極深的印象(C)促銷(D)估計

【解析】根據文意，提供試用品是常見的促銷手法之一，可知應選(C) promote。

12. I was worried about my first overseas trip, but my father ______ me that he would help plan the trip so that nothing would go wrong.

(A) rescued(B) assured(C) inspired(D) conveyed

我很擔心第一次出國旅行，但我父親保證會幫忙規劃行程，讓一切順利。

(A)援救(B)向…保證(C)激勵(D)傳達

【解析】由句意得知，為了讓孩子能放心出國，父親保證會協助，故選(B) assured。

13. The recent cooking oil scandals have led to calls for tougher ______ of sales of food products.

(A) tolerance(B) guarantee(C) regulation(D) distribution

最近的食用油醜聞讓人們要求在食品銷售上更嚴格的規定。

(A)寬容(B)保證(C)規定(D)分配

【解析】根據時事，食用油問題披露了食安的重要性，讓民眾要求更嚴格的規定，可知應選(C) regulation。

14. John should ______ more often with his friends and family after work, instead of staying in his room to play computer games.

(A) explore (B) interact(C) negotiate(D) participate

John應該在下班後多和親友互動，而非只是關在房裡打電玩。

(A)探險(B)互動(C)談判(D)參加

【解析】由文意推知，John常待在房間裡打電玩，必定很少與親友交流或互動，故選(B) interact。

15. To prevent the spread of the Ebola virus from West Africa to the rest of the world, many airports have begun Ebola ______ for passengers from the infected areas.

(A) screenings(B) listings(C) clippings(D) blockings

為了避免伊波拉病毒由西非散播至世界各地，許多機場開始對來自疫區的乘客進行伊波拉篩檢。

(A)篩檢(B)列表(C)修剪(D)阻礙

【解析】為了不讓病毒擴散，必須篩檢感染高危險的入境者，可推知答案為(A) screenings。

二、綜合測驗（占15分）

說明︰第16題至第30題，每題一個空格，請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，請畫記在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。各題答對者，得1分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項者，該題以零分計算。

第16至20題為題組

Tai Chi Chuan is a type of ancient Chinese martial art. People 16 Tai Chi mainly for its health benefits. This centuries-old Chinese mind-body exercise is now gaining popularity in the United States.

The most familiar aspect of Tai Chi Chuan is the hand form, which is a series of slow-flowing movements with poetic names 17 “dragons stirring up the wind” and “wave hands like clouds.” These movements, forming an exercise system, 18 one to effortlessly experience the vital life force, or the Qi energy, in one’s body.

Tai Chi Chuan is not only a physical but also a 19 exercise. Psychologically, this exercise may increase communication between the body and the mind and enable one to deal with other people more effectively. It 20 stress and creates calmness and confidence. Relaxation and a feeling of joy are among the first noticeable differences in a Tai Chi student.

太極拳是一種古老的中國武術。人們16.練習太極拳主要是因為它的健康利益。這項中國歷久不衰的身心合一運動如今在美國愈趨流行。

太極拳最為人所熟悉的莫過於它的掌勢。這個掌勢是一系列頗具詩意名稱的徐緩動作，17.像是「乘龍御風」和「行雲流水」。這些動作構成了一套運動體系，18.使一個人能夠毫不費力地感應到體內重要的生命動力，或「氣」的能量。

太極拳不只包括身體外在的修練，還涵蓋了19.心理的修養。在心靈層面上，這項運動會增加身與心的交流，讓一個人能更有效地與他人應對。它可以20.減少壓力並產生平靜與自信。放鬆以及喜悅感是太極拳學習者最初能感受到的明顯差異。

16. (A) practice(B) consult

(C) display (D) manage

(A)練習(B)查閱(C)陳列

(D)管理

【解析】本題測驗字義。由文意可知，練習太極拳的人主要為了健康利益，故選(A) practice。

17. (A) from

(B) like

(C) between (D) regarding

(A)從(B)像(C)在…之間

(D)關於

【解析】本題評量介系詞的用法。由上下文推論，空格前提及太極拳最聞名的是它的掌勢，而這些掌勢均被賦予頗具詩意的名稱，可知空格後的引號內應為掌勢名稱的舉例，故選(B) like。

18. (A) allow

(B) allows (C) allowed (D) allowing

【解析】本題測驗句構分析的能力。本句的主詞為These movements，而forming an exercise system為分詞片語修飾主詞，故空格應為主要動詞，又主詞為複數形，故選(A) allow。

19. (A) formal (B) mental

(C) social

(D) global

(A)正式的(B)心理的(C)社會的(D)全球的

【解析】本題測驗對等連接詞not only . . . but also的用法與形容詞文意。由not only . . . but also得知其連接的形容詞文意對等，由字義可知應選與physical對等的(B) mental。

20. (A) imposes (B) offends

(C) reduces

(D) disturbs

(A)把…強加於 (B)冒犯(C)減少 (D)打擾

【解析】本題測驗字彙與文意理解。後句提及學習太極可幫助放鬆，可推知本句指的是太極拳有減壓效果，因此選(C) reduce。

第21至25題為題組

Much like the dove and robin, the bluebird is considered a very lucky sign in most cultures, particularly when seen in the spring. 21 , a woodpecker, when seen near the home, is regarded as a good sign. In contrast, the peacock is not 22 seen as lucky. In places like India, the peacock is considered lucky because the great many “eyes” on its feathers are said to alert it to 23 evil. Peacocks are also highly valued in China and Japan, where they are kept as symbols by the ruling families to 24 their status and wealth. However, the peacock receives only scorn from the rest of the world. The feathers of peacocks are considered the most 25 part of the bird because the eye-shaped markings on them are associated with “evil eyes.” To bring the evil eye into the home is thus believed to invite trouble and sorrow.

就像鴿子以及知更鳥一樣，青鳥在多數文化中被認為是十分幸運的象徵，尤其是牠在春天被見到時。21.同樣地，當啄木鳥在住家附近被看見時也被認為是個好兆頭。相反地，孔雀並非22.普遍被視為吉利。在印度，因為孔雀羽毛上眾多的「眼睛」據說可以23.使牠警覺避免接近邪惡的事物，而被認為是幸運的。孔雀在中國以及日本也均受到珍視，牠們被統治者的家族養作可以24.代表自身財富與地位的象徵。然而，孔雀在世界其它地方都受到蔑視。孔雀的羽毛被認為是全身最25.不吉利的地方，因為上面的眼睛圖樣讓人聯想到「邪惡之眼」。因此，人們相信將邪惡之眼帶回家中會招致麻煩與不幸。

21. (A) Therefore (B) Nevertheless(C) Roughly

(D) Similarly

(A)因此 (B)然而 (C)大約 (D)同樣地

【解析】本題轉折語用法。前句提及青鳥被視為吉祥物，空格後表示啄木鳥亦被視為好運的象徵，兩者同為正面意思，故答案選(D) Similarly。

22. (A) officially (B) mutually

(C) universally (D) eventually

(A)正式地(B)相互地 (C)普遍地 (D)最後

【解析】本題測驗字彙與文意判斷。後句提及孔雀在印度、中國、日本等地被視為吉祥物，但隨後又指出孔雀在世界其他地區並不受歡迎，可推知孔雀並非普遍被視為吉祥物，故答案選(C) universally。

23. (A) approach　 (B) approaching　(C) approached 　　(D) be approaching

【解析】本題測驗片語alert sb to sth/V-ing(使警覺)的用法，答案為動名詞(B)　approaching。

24. (A) replace 　　(B) disguise 　(C) distinguish 　　 (D) represent

(A)取代(B)掩飾(C)區別(D)代表

【解析】本題測驗字義。由文意得知，在中國與日本，孔雀被掌權者的家族飼養來代表地位與財富，故選(D) represent。

25. (A) unlucky (B) illogical

(C) impossible 　　 (D) unnecessary

(A)不吉利的(B)不合邏輯的(C)不可能的(D)不必要的

【解析】本題測驗文意理解。由文意得知，孔雀羽毛上的眼睛圖樣被視為邪惡之眼，將此物帶入家中將會引來麻煩與不幸，故知答案應選與此意呼應的(A) unlucky。

第26至30題為題組

Nutritional products that can be collected from trees include fruits, nuts, seeds, leaves, and bark. Tree products have been an important part of diets for thousands of years, from early humans 26 fruits and nuts to the first cultivation of important trees, such as mango and apple.

The apple is one of the world’s most cultivated fruit trees, 27 over 7,000 different kinds in existence. Despite their great 28 , however, most domesticated apples can be traced back to a common ancestor, the wild apple of Central Asia, Malus sieversii. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and 29 to North America by European colonists in the 17th century. Today, apples are 30 eaten the world over and form the basis for multi-million dollar industries. In 2005, at least 55 million tons of apples were grown worldwide, which generated a value of about $10 billion.

從樹上採集而來的營養品包含水果、堅果、種子、樹葉與樹皮。幾千年來始於先民26.採集水果、堅果到首次栽培如芒果、蘋果等重要的樹，樹的產品已是飲食中很重要的一部份。

蘋果是全球最為栽種的水果樹之一，現今存在27.有超過七千種蘋果樹。儘管種類28.繁多，多數栽培的蘋果樹追溯至同個源頭——新疆野蘋果(中亞的野蘋果樹)。蘋果已在亞洲與歐洲生長數千年，十七世紀再由歐洲殖民者29.引進北美。現今全球人們30.經常吃蘋果；蘋果更成為數百萬美元工業的基礎。2005年，至少五千五百萬噸的蘋果生長於世界各地，製造約一百億的市值。

26. (A) to gather (B) gather

(C) gathered

(D) gathering

【解析】本題測驗分詞片語的用法。原句為from early humans that gather

fruits and nuts，以關係子句修飾humans，省略關係代名詞後，將

關係子句改為分詞片語，因gather為主動意義，故知答案為現在

分詞(D) gathering。

27. (A) all

(B) with (C) around (D) still

(A)所有

(B)表附帶狀況 (C)大約 (D)仍然

【解析】本題測驗with的用法。由結構來看，空格後為O + OC。四個選項中，只有with可接續O + OC，表示附帶狀況，故選(B) with。

28. (A) variety (B) harvest

(C) condition

(D) discovery

(A)種類 (B)收成 (C)情況 (D)發現

【解析】本題測驗字義與文意理解。前句指出現存的蘋果有超過七千種，本句表示儘管蘋果的品種繁多，大部分均是源自中亞的野生蘋果，可回推空格是呼應前句蘋果有眾多品種，故答案應選(A) variety。

29. (A) bring

(B) have brought (C) were brought (D) have been brought

【解析】本題測驗動詞的時態和語態。由文意可知，蘋果在十七世紀時被歐洲殖民者帶至北美，故應選表示被動語態的複數動詞(C) were brought。

30. (A) regularly (B) particularly (C) permanently (D) barely

(A)經常地 (B)特別 (C)永久地 (D)幾乎沒有

【解析】前句描述昔日蘋果只栽種於亞洲、歐洲與北美，而本句轉而指出

現今蘋果已是全球經常食用的水果，故選(A) regularly。

三、文意選填（占10分）

說明：第31題至第40題，每題一個空格，請依文意在文章後所提供的(A)到(J)選項中分別選出最適當者，並將其英文字母代號畫記在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。各題答對者，得1分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項者，該題以零分計算。

第31至40題為題組

A paperclip, made of steel wire bent into a hooped shape, is an instrument used to hold sheets of paper together. This common 31 is a wonder of simplicity and function. But where did this simple, cheap, and indispensable invention come from?

In the late 19th century, the most common way to hold papers together was by using a pin. Although the pin was an inexpensive tool and was easily 32 , it would leave holes in the paper. Later, as steel wire became more common, inventors began to notice its elastic feature. With this feature, it could be stretched and 33 various clip-like objects. In the years just prior to 1900, quite a few paperclip designs emerged. The name most frequently 34 the paperclip invention is Johan Vaaler, a Norwegian inventor. However, Vaaler’s clips were not the same as the paperclips currently in use. Specifically, they did not have the interior loop we see today. The

35 looped design was invented by Gem Manufacturing Ltd. in England. This clip is therefore sometimes 36 the Gem clip.

Because of Vaaler, the paperclip played an important 37 role in Norway. During World War II, Norway was occupied by the Nazis. Norwegians were prohibited from wearing any 38 of their national unity, such as buttons with the initials of their king. Thus, in 39 , they started wearing paperclips to show their solidarity. The reason for doing this was simple: Paperclips were a Norwegian invention whose original function was to bind together. After the war, a giant paperclip statue was erected in Oslo to 40 Vaaler—even though his design was never actually manufactured.

迴紋針，由環狀彎曲的鐵圈組成，是個用來夾住成疊紙張的裝置。這個常見的31.裝置是個兼具簡易與功能性的驚奇之作，但這簡單、平價卻又必要的發明從何而來？

十九世紀晚期裝訂紙張最常見的方式是使用別針，雖然別針便宜且32.移除容易，但會穿破紙張。之後當鐵圈較為普及，發明家開始注意到它的彈性，彈性使其能伸展並33.扭轉成各式夾子狀的形體。接近1900年，一些迴紋針的設計出現了。最常34.與迴紋針發明聯想在一起的名字是挪威發明家Johan Vaaler。然而Vaaler發明的迴紋針與今日常用的迴紋針不同，具體地說，Vaaler的迴紋針沒有我們今日所見的內圈。我們所35.熟悉的迴圈設計由英國Gem製造公司發明，因此這個迴紋針有時也36.稱作Gem迴紋針。

因為Vaaler，迴紋針在挪威扮演重要的37.歷史角色，二戰期間，納粹佔領德國，禁止挪威人穿戴任何顯示其國家統一的38.標誌，例如國王名字首字母的鈕釦。因此，作為39.抗議，他們開始別上迴紋針來展現他們的團結力。這麼做的理由很簡單：迴紋針是挪威的發明，其最初的功用是綑綁在一起。戰後，在奧斯陸立起一座巨大的迴紋針雕像以40.紀念Vaaler——雖然他的設計從未真被量產過。

(A) familiar (B) honor (C) device (D) removable (E) known as (F) protest (G) symbol (H) twisted into (I) associated with (J) historical

(A)熟悉的 adj. (B)給…榮譽 vt. (C)設備 n. [C] (D)可去掉的 adj.

(E)以…而聞名 v. (F)抗議 n. [U] (G)象徵 n. [C] (H)扭彎成 v.

(I)與…有關 v. (J)歷史的 adj.

【解析】

31. This common _____ is a wonder of simplicity and function，空格位於形容詞

後，故應填入名詞：device、protest或symbol。依句意迴紋針是常見的簡易

又實用的設備，所以選(C) device。

32. was easily _____，本格位於副詞後，可知應填入形容詞，前後子句以Although連接，可知前後意思相對。依句意雖然別針既便宜又容易移除，它會穿破紙張，故選(D) removable。

33. it could be stretched and _____ various clip-like objects，由對等連接詞and可知，前後的字詞應為同詞性，所以本格應填入與stretched相同詞性的過去分詞twisted into或associated with，依句意判斷，可確定答案為(H) twisted into。

34. The name most frequently _____ the paperclip invention is Johan Vaaler，本句

的主詞為The name，動詞為is，主詞以most frequently . . . 修飾。本格後接

名詞，可知應選及物動詞變化的分詞或含介系詞的片語：known as或

associated with。由句意最常被聯想到迴紋針的名字是Johan Vaaler，故選(I)

associated with。

35. The _____ looped design，本格後為名詞，故應選形容詞：familiar與historical，由句意我們熟悉的迴圈設計是由Gem Manufacturing Ltd.所發明，可知應選(A) familiar。

36. This clip is therefore sometimes _____ the Gem clip. 本格前有be動詞，後

有名詞，故應填過去分詞或含介系詞的過去分詞，故答案為(E) known as。

37. the paperclip played an important _____ role in Norway，本格位於名詞前，應填入形容詞，答案選(J) historical。

38. wearing any _____ of their national unity，本格前有any，後有of，可知應填入名詞，由protest與symbol選擇，依句意可知應選(G) symbol。

39. in _____, they started wearing paperclips，本格在介系詞後，答案應為名詞，選(F) protest。in protest：作為抗議。

40. a giant paperclip statue was erected in Oslo to _____ Vaaler，本格在不定詞to之後，可知應選原形動詞(B) honor。

四、閱讀測驗（占32分）

說明︰第41題至第56題，每題請分別根據各篇文章之文意選出最適當的一個選項，請畫記在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。各題答對者，得2分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項者，該題以零分計算。

第41至44題為題組

In 2009, the Taiwu Elementary School Folk Singers were invited to perform in Belgium, France, Germany, and Luxemburg. In 2011, they were voted as one of the world’s top five performance groups by audiences of Japan Broadcasting Corporation’s Amazing Voice program.

Recalling the group’s first tour in Europe, Camake Valaule, a physical education teacher and the founder of the Taiwu Elementary School Folk Singers, admitted that he felt very nervous. He was worried that the audience would fall asleep since most of the 75-minute performance was a cappella, that is, singing without instrumental sound. Surprisingly, the audience listened with full focus and high spirits. Camake said, “They told me afterward that through our performance, they had a vision of our country, our village, without having to visit it. This experience greatly boosted our confidence.”

According to Camake Valaule, singing traditional ballads has helped students and their parents to re-understand their culture. “It used to be that the only ones who could sing these songs were tribal elders aged between 50 and 60. Now with the children performing the pieces, parents are beginning to ask, ‘Why do we not know how to sing these ballads?’ Many times nowadays, it is the children who teach the songs to their parents, putting back the pieces of a blurred memory.”

Winning international fame, however, was neither the original intention nor the main reason why Camake founded the group in 2006. The most important thing was to make children understand why they sing these songs and to preserve and pass on their culture. Referring to the relocation of Taiwu Elementary School and Taiwu Village following Typhoon Morakot in August 2009, Camake said, “We could not take the forest or our houses in the mountains with us; but we were able to bring our culture along. As long as the children are willing to sing, I will always be there for them, singing with them and leading them to experience the meaning of the ballads.”

2009年時，泰武國小的古謠傳唱隊應邀到比利時、法國、德國及盧森堡表演。2011年時，泰武古謠傳唱隊更被日本NHK(日本放送協會)節目「驚異的歌聲」的全球觀眾票選為世界前五頂尖的表演團體之一。

查馬克．法拉屋樂——一位體育老師同時也是泰武古謠傳唱隊的創辦人——想起他們首次在歐洲巡迴表演時，坦言他當時感到非常緊張。由於在他們75分鐘的表演裡大部分都是人聲合唱，也就是不用樂器伴奏的純歌唱，他擔心觀眾會睡著。出乎意料的是，觀眾聽得全神貫注且興致高昂。查馬克說：「事後他們告訴我，透過我們的表演，他們不必親身走訪就得以想像我們國家及村莊的面貌。這次經驗大大增進了我們的信心。」

查馬克說，吟唱古謠幫助了這些學生及他們的家長重新認識他們的文化。「過去只有五、六十歲的部落長老們會唱這些歌，但現在看到孩子們的表演，家長們也開始自問：『為什麼我們不會唱這些歌？』如今常常都是孩子在教家長唱這些歌，幫他們將這些模糊的記憶拼湊起來。」

然而，贏得國際名聲並不是查馬克在2006年創立傳唱隊的初衷。他認為最重要的是讓孩子們瞭解為何要吟唱這些古謠，並進而將他們的文化保存且傳承下去。而談到泰武國小及泰武村在2009年莫拉克颱風後的遷校、遷村，查馬克說：「雖然我們無法將山上的森林或家園帶走，但是我們能帶著文化出走。只要孩子們願意唱，我就會一直陪伴他們左右，和他們一起唱，引領他們體悟這些古謠的寓意。」

41. Which of the following is true about Taiwu Elementary School Folk Singers?

(A) The group was first established in 2009.

(B) The group was founded by a PE teacher.

(C) The singers usually sing popular folk songs.

(D) The singers learn to sing from their parents.

關於泰武國小古謠傳唱隊，下列何者敘述為真？

(A)傳唱隊創立於2009年。

(B)傳唱隊由體育老師所創立。

(C)傳唱隊員通常唱民歌。

(D)傳唱隊員向父母學唱歌。

【說明】

( 由最後一段的第一句可知傳唱隊創立於2006年。

( 第二段第一句提及傳唱隊的創立者是體育老師查馬克‧法拉屋樂，故選(B)。

( 第三段第一句提及傳唱隊員唱的是古謠。

( 第三段最後一句提及是傳唱隊員教父母唱古謠。

42. On his first trip to Europe, why did Camake think the audience might fall asleep?

(A) The average age of the audience was between fifty and sixty.

(B) Most of the performance was not accompanied by any instrument.

(C) Nobody could understand the language and the meaning of the songs.

(D) The audience could not visualize the theme sung by the school children.

查馬克首次帶隊到歐洲表演時，他為什麼認為觀眾可能會睡著？

(A)觀眾的平均年齡介於五十至六十歲。

(B)大部分的表演是沒有樂器伴奏的。

(C)沒有人能聽懂他們歌曲的語言和涵義。

(D)觀眾無法想像學童所唱歌曲的主題。

【說明】

( 本文未提及觀眾的年齡。

( 第二段第二句提及查馬克擔心長達75分鐘無樂器伴奏的表演會讓觀眾睡著，故選(B)。

( 本文未提及此論點。

( 第二段倒數第二句提及觀眾從傳唱隊的表演中得以想像學童們家鄉的面貌。

43. What does “the pieces of a blurred memory” in the third paragraph most likely refer to?

(A) The children’s ignorance of their own culture.

(B) The fading memories about old tribal people.

(C) The broken pieces of knowledge taught at school.

(D) The parents’ vague understanding of their own tradition.

第三段所謂「模糊記憶的片段」最可能指的是何者？

(A)孩子們對自己文化的無知。

(B)對部落長老逐漸凋零的記憶。

(C)學校所教的片段知識。

(D)父母對自己傳統的不甚了解。

【說明】第三段第一句提及吟唱古謠幫助學生及家長重新認識他們的文化，與最後一句孩子教父母唱古謠相呼應，故選(D)。

44. What did Camake realize after the incident of Typhoon Morakot?

(A) The significance of the relocation of Taiwu Elementary School.

(B) The need to respect nature to avoid being destroyed by it.

(C) The importance of passing on the traditional culture.

(D) The consequence of building houses in the forest.

查馬克在莫拉克颱風過後體會到什麼？

(A)泰武國小遷校的重要性。

(B)尊重大自然以免受其摧殘的必要性。

(C)傳承傳統文化的重要性。

(D)在森林裡營建住屋的後果。

【說明】最後一段提及莫拉克颱風後的遷校、遷村讓查馬克體認到雖然家園遭受摧殘，但文化可在他鄉繼續傳承下去，故選(C)。

第45至48題為題組

When it comes to medical care, many patients and doctors believe “more is better.” But what they do not realize is that overtreatment—too many scans, too many blood tests, too many procedures—may pose harm. Sometimes a test leads you down a path to more and more testing, some of which may be invasive, or to treatment for things that should be left alone.

Terrence Power, for example, complained that after his wife learned she had Wegener’s disease, an uncommon disorder of the immune system, they found it difficult to refuse testing recommended by her physician. The doctor insisted on office visits every three weeks, even when she was feeling well. He frequently ordered blood tests and X-rays, and repeatedly referred her to specialists for even minor complaints. Even when tests came back negative, more were ordered, and she was hospitalized as a precaution when she developed a cold. She had as many as 25 doctor visits during one six-month period. The couple was spending about $30,000 a year for her care.

After several years of physical suffering and near financial ruin from the medical costs, the couple began questioning the treatment after consulting with other patients in online support groups. “It’s a really hard thing to determine when they’ve crossed the line,” Mr. Power said. “You think she’s getting the best care in the world, but after a while you start to wonder: What is the objective?” Mr. Power then spoke with his own primary care doctor, who advised him to find a new specialist to oversee Mrs. Power’s care. Under the new doctor’s care, the regular testing stopped and Mrs. Power’s condition stabilized. Now she sees the doctor only four or five times a year.

談到醫療照護，許多父母及醫生都相信「越多就越好」，但是他們沒有意識到過度醫療——過多的掃瞄、抽血等檢查程序——可能會造成傷害。有時候是做完一項檢查後被要求去做更多的檢查，其中有些可能是侵入性的；或者是做完檢查後被施以不必要的治療等等。

以Terrence Power為例。他抱怨在他妻子被檢查出罹患韋格納肉芽腫——一種免疫系統的少見疾病——後，他們就被迫接受醫生所建議的各種檢查。即便他妻子覺得身體狀況良好，醫生仍堅持他們必須每三週回診一次；醫生也經常安排抽血檢驗與X光掃瞄檢查；只要他妻子有一點不適就將她轉診到其他專科；甚至就算檢查報告的結果正常，醫生仍為她安排更多檢查；然後一當感冒就要她住院觀察以防萬一。他的妻子每半年間就必須複診多達25次，醫療費用一年就要花約3萬元美金。

經歷了數年的病痛折磨以及幾乎被醫療費用壓垮的經濟困境，Power夫婦在向線上支持團體的病友們諮詢過意見之後，開始對他們所受的醫療產生質疑。Power先生說：「很難去界定醫生從何時開始逾越了分寸。你以為你的妻子正接受全世界最好的醫療照護，但一段時間後你開始思考『這些醫療的目的究竟是什麼？』」後來，Power先生諮詢他的家庭醫生，醫生建議他重新找一位專家來負責他妻子的醫療照護。在新醫生的照護下，他的妻子不但不用再做以往的常規檢查，其身體狀況也穩定了下來。現在她一年只要回診四到五次就可以了。

45. What is the main idea of this passage?

(A) Treatments do not always cause harmful side effects.

(B) Patients tend to believe more testing is better treatment.

(C) Too much medical care may not be beneficial to patients.

(D) Doctors generally recommend office visits that are necessary.

本文主旨為何？

(A)治療不一定會導致有害的副作用。

(B)病人往往相信越多的檢查就是越好的治療。

(C)過多的醫療照護可能對病人無益。

(D)醫生大多建議必要時再來看診。

【說明】第一段第二句“ . . . overtreatment . . . may pose harm.”點出主旨，表示過度的醫療可能有害，故選(C)。

46. Which of the following was a problem for Mrs. Power during her medical treatment?

(A) She had to be hospitalized for three weeks whenever she had a cold.

(B) She didn’t have any insurance, so she went broke because of her illness.

(C) When test results showed she was fine, her doctor still ordered more tests.

(D) Her doctor asked her to consult other specialists due to her constant complaints.

在Power太太治療的過程中，下列何者是她遇到的問題？

(A)她每次感冒都必須住院三週。

(B)她沒有任何保險，故為支付醫藥費而破產。

(C)當檢查結果顯示她無恙時，醫生仍為她安排更多檢查。

(D)由於她不停抱怨，醫生要她去諮詢其他專家。

【說明】

( 本文未提及她被要求住院多久。

( 本文未提及這點。

( 第二段倒數第三句的前段提及即使Power太太檢查的結果正常，醫生仍安排她做更多檢查，故選(C)。

( 本文未提及這點。

47. Who does “they” in the third paragraph most likely refer to?

(A) Physicians.

(B) Other patients.

(C) Mr. and Mrs. Power.

(D) The online support groups.

第三段的「他們」最可能指的是誰？

(A)醫生。

(B)其他病人。

(C)Power夫婦。

(D)線上支持團體。

【說明】由第三段可知Power夫婦開始質疑這些年來他們是否都被施以過度醫療，而Power先生所指逾越分寸(cross the line)的「他們」自然是Power太太的主治醫生們，故選(A)。

48. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward medical tests?

(A) More tests than necessary are too much.

(B) Medical tests are essential for disease prevention.

(C) Many tests are needed for confirmation of diagnosis.

(D) Doctors’ interpretations of test results are seldom wrong.

下列何者最能描述作者對於醫療檢查的態度？

(A)過多不必要的檢查即是過度醫療。

(B)醫療檢查在疾病防治上有其必要性。

(C)疾病診斷需要透過許多檢查來確認。

(D)醫生對於檢查結果的解讀鮮少出錯。

【說明】 由本文主旨“ . . . overtreatment—too many scans, too many blood tests, too many procedures—may pose harm.”可知作者認為過多的檢查程序即為過度醫療，故選(A)。其他選項在本文均未提及。

第49至52題為題組

Henri Cartier-Bresson (1908–2004) is one of the most original and influential figures in the history of photography. His humane, spontaneous photographs helped establish photojournalism as an art form.

Cartier-Bresson’s family was wealthy—his father made a fortune as a textile manufacturer—but Cartier-Bresson later joked that due to his parents’ frugal ways, it often seemed as though his family was poor.

Educated in Paris, Cartier-Bresson developed an early love for literature and the arts. As a teenager, Cartier-Bresson rebelled against his parents’ formal ways of education. In his early adulthood, he even drifted toward communism. But it was art that remained at the center of his life.

Cartier-Bresson traveled to Africa in 1931 to hunt antelope and boar. And Africa fueled another interest in him: photography. He then wandered around the world with his camera, using a handheld camera to catch images from fleeting moments of everyday life.

Not long after World War II, Cartier-Bresson traveled east, spending considerable time in India, where he met and photographed Gandhi shortly before his assassination in 1948. Cartier-Bresson’s subsequent work to document Gandhi’s death and its immediate impact on the country became one of Life Magazine’s most prized photo essays.

Cartier-Bresson’s approach to photography remained much the same throughout his life. He made clear his dislike of images that had been improved by artificial light, darkroom effects, and even cropping. The naturalist in Cartier-Bresson believed that all editing should be done when the photo is taken. In 1952, his first book, The Decisive Moment, a rich collection of his work spanning two decades, was published. “There is nothing in this world that does not have a decisive moment,” he said.

In 1968, he began to turn away from photography and returned to his passion for drawing and painting.

Henri Cartier-Bresson (1908–2004)是攝影史上最具原創性及影響力的人物。他人道且具自發性的攝影作品有助新聞攝影此類藝術形式的成立。

Cartier-Bresson的家族十分富有——他的父親以紡織商的身分大發利市——不過Henri Cartier-Bresson笑道因為他雙親節儉的生活方式，他的家庭常予人家徒四壁的印象。

在巴黎受教育的Cartier-Bresson很早便培養出對文學及藝術的愛好。還是少年的Cartier-Bresson曾違抗他父母所安排的正規教育。在早初的成人生涯裡，他甚至遊浸共產主義的思維之中。儘管如此，長駐他生命中心的仍是藝術。

Cartier-Bresson在1931年曾為了狩獵羚羊及野豬遊走非洲。非洲也因此點燃了他的另ㄧ項興趣：攝影。自此他便帶著他的相機漫遊世界各地，用手持相機捕捉生命中隨轉即逝的瞬間。

二次大戰結束後不久，Cartier-Bresson便遠遊東方，並在印度停留了相當長的一段時間。在印度這塊土地上，他遇見了聖雄甘地並在他被暗殺不久前(1948年)為他照相留影。Cartier-Bresson隨後的作品記錄著甘地之死及其對印度該國所造成的衝擊與影響，並成為生活雜誌最為人稱道的攝影實錄。

Cartier-Bresson終生以一貫的方式進行攝影。他曾清楚表示他對人造光、暗房效果，甚至剪輯等手法的厭惡。Cartier-Bresson心中自然主義的一部分深信所有的編輯效果應該在按下快門的那一片刻全部完成。他的首部作品《決定性瞬間》於1952年問世，其中收藏橫跨二十年間的相片集錄。他這麼說道：「這個世界上沒有任何事物是沒有決定性瞬間的。」

1968年，他放下攝影，重拾他對繪圖、作畫的熱情。

49. Which of the following best describes Cartier-Bresson’s family background?

(A) His family was rich but was very economical.

(B) His father went to Paris to open a textile factory.

(C) His wealthy family went bankrupt and became poor.

(D) His parents were very liberal in their ways of education.

下列何者最能描述Cartier-Bresson的家庭背景？

(A)他的家庭雖然富有但卻十分節儉。

(B)他的父親曾至巴黎開設紡織工廠。

(C)他富裕的家庭因破產而家道中落。

(D)他的父母在教育方式上相當開明。

【說明】( 第二段描述他的父親因開設紡織廠而致富，但他父母節儉得彷彿家徒四壁，故答案選(A)。

( 文章並未明確指出該紡織廠設於巴黎，故(B)不可選。

( 文中未提及。

( 文中未提及。

50. Which of the following is true about Cartier-Bresson’s career in photography?

(A) He devoted himself to photography all his life.

(B) He developed a passion for photography when he traveled to Africa.

(C) He quit photography right after the publication of The Decisive Moment.

(D) During World War II, he documented the everyday life of the Indian people.

關於Cartier-Bresson的攝影事業，下列何者為真？

(A)他終生致力於攝影工作。

(B)在非洲旅行時，他培養了對攝影的愛好。

(C)在出版《決定性瞬間》後，他隨即放棄攝影。

(D)他在二戰期間記錄了印度人的日常生活。

【說明】( 第三段的第一句指出，Cartier-Bresson早年喜愛文學和藝術。

( 由第四段的第二句“And Africa fueled another interest in him: photography.”可知是非洲之旅激發了Cartier-Bresson對攝影的興趣，故(B)為答案。

( 由最後一段可知，Cartier-Bresson在1952年出版《決定性瞬間》，而在1968年放棄攝影；兩者相隔16年，並非在出版該書後隨即放棄攝影。

( 第五段指出Cartier-Bresson曾在二次大戰後的印度居住一段時間，並以其攝影作品證明甘地之死對印度的影響。

51. What significance did Cartier-Bresson have to Gandhi of India?

(A) He witnessed Gandhi’s assassination in 1948.

(B) He was the first photographer to take Gandhi’s photo.

(C) He used photos to document the effect of Gandhi’s death on India.

(D) His photos told the world who was guilty of assassinating Gandhi.

Cartier-Bresson對印度的甘地有何重要性？

(A)他在1948年目睹了甘地被暗殺的經過。

(B)他是首位拍攝甘地照片的攝影師。

(C)他用照片證明甘地之死對印度的影響。

(D)他的照片告訴世人是誰暗殺甘地。

【說明】第五段說明Cartier-Bresson在甘地被暗殺身亡前(1948年)曾為其拍照留影，並在該事件後繼續以作品記錄甘地之死對印度的影響，故答案為(C)。

52. Which of the following is true about Cartier-Bresson’s approach to photography?

(A) He never waited for a decisive moment to shoot photos.

(B) He preferred to edit his images carefully in his darkroom.

(C) Most of his photos described things that happen every day.

(D) He experimented with different ways and settled on being a naturalist.

關於Cartier-Bresson對攝影的態度，下列何者為真？

(A)他不等待關鍵時刻就按快門。

(B)他偏好在暗房仔細剪輯影像。

(C)他大部分照片描述日常事物。

(D)他實驗不同方式，決定成為自然主義者。

【說明】第四段的最後一句“using a handheld camera to catch images from fleeting moments of everyday life” 指出Cartier-Bresson拍攝的多為日常生活中的事物，故選(C)。

第53至56題為題組

You’ve most likely heard the news by now: A car-commuting, desk-bound, TV-watching lifestyle can be harmful to our health. All the time that we spend rooted in the chair is linked to increased risks of so many deadly diseases that experts have named this modern-day health epidemic the “sitting disease.”

Sitting for too long slows down the body’s metabolism and the way enzymes break down our fat reserves, raising both blood sugar levels and blood pressure. Small amounts of regular activity, even just standing and moving around, throughout the day is enough to bring the increased levels back down. And those small amounts of activity add up—30 minutes of light activity in two or three-minute bursts can be just as effective as a half-hour block of exercise. But without that activity, blood sugar levels and blood pressure keep creeping up, steadily damaging the inside of the arteries and increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and other serious diseases. In essence, fundamental changes in biology occur if you sit for too long.

But wait, you’re a runner. You needn’t worry about the harm of a sedentary lifestyle because you exercise regularly, right? Well, not so fast. Recent studies show that people spend an average of 64 hours a week sitting, whether or not they exercise 150 minutes a week as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). Regular exercisers, furthermore, are found to be about 30 percent less active on days when they exercise. Overall, most people simply aren’t exercising or moving around enough to counteract all the harm that can result from sitting nine hours or more a day.

Scared straight out of your chair? Good. The remedy is as simple as standing up and taking activity breaks.

你大概之前就聽說過了：以車代步、案牘勞形、緊盯電視的生活型態對我們的健康很可能是有害的。許多致病風險的增加與長時間賴在椅子上不動有關，因此專家將流行於現代的這些疾狀稱為「久坐病」。

竟坐過久將減緩身體代謝及酵素分解常駐脂肪的速度，進而導致血糖含量與血壓的升高。在ㄧ天之中少量、規律的活動，即使只是站著或隨處走走，便足以將高升的血壓及血糖量降低至先前的正常值。這些兩、三分鐘的輕量活動，加起來若有半小時之久，功效與一段三十分鐘的運動無異。但若少了這些活動，血糖量與血壓將會逐漸升高，持續損壞動脈內壁並增加罹患糖尿病、心血管疾病、中風等重大疾病的風險。基本上，久坐時間過長將導致生理機能的重大改變。

不過等等，你說你是個經常跑步的人。因為規律運動，你不用擔心久坐這類生活型態帶來的傷害。嗯，話別說得太早。最近的研究資料指出，不管有沒有遵循世界衛生組織的建議每週運動三十分鐘，一個人每週平均坐上64小時之久。研究另外發現，規律運動的人反而在有運動的那幾天活動得更少。整體而言，大部分的人不管是在運動還是四處走動上，都沒有達到足以抵銷九小時以上久坐所致傷害的運動量。

嚇得從椅子上跳了起來？很好，健康妙方就是不時站起來走動走動。

53. What is the purpose of this passage?

(A) To point out the challenges of the modern lifestyle.

(B) To discuss how a modern epidemic may spread quickly.

(C) To explore the effects of regular exercise to our body.

(D) To explain the threat to our health from long hours of sitting.

本文的目的為何？

(A)點出現代生活型態的挑戰。

(B)討論現代的流行病可能以何種方式快速傳播。

(C)探究規律運動對人體的影響。

(D)解釋久坐對我們健康的威脅。

【說明】第一段點出本文主旨，久坐為現代人的通病，會提高許多致命疾病的風險，故選(D)。

54. What does the word “sedentary” in the third paragraph most likely mean?

(A) Modern.

(B) Risky.

(C) Inactive.

(D) Epidemic.

第三段的「sedentary」可能意指什麼？

(A)現代的。

(B)有風險的。

(C)久坐不動的。

(D)流行性的。

【說明】本文探討現代人久坐的通病，作者提醒若規律運動就不需擔心久坐不動的生活型態所造成的傷害，故答案為(C)。

55. What is the best way to bring down high blood sugar level and blood pressure?

(A) Exercising for 150 minutes or more every week.

(B) Getting rid of the habit of car commuting and TV watching.

(C) Interrupting sitting time with light activity as often as possible.

(D) Standing or moving around for at least two or three minutes every day.

何為降低高血糖與血壓的最佳方式？

(A)每週運動150分鐘以上。

(B)除去以車代步與看電視的習慣。

(C)盡可能經常以輕量簡單的活動中斷坐著的時間。

(D)每天站立或活動至少二、三分鐘。

【說明】第二段的第三句指出輕量活動，加起來若有半小時之久，功效等同一段三十分鐘的運動，且若無進行這類簡單的活動，血糖與血壓會持續升高，故可知答案為(C)。

56. Which of the following may be inferred about those who do serious exercise?

(A) They often live longer than those who don’t exercise.

(B) They tend to stand or move around less on days they work out.

(C) They generally spend less time sitting than those who are inactive.

(D) They usually do not meet the standard of exercise recommended by WHO.

下列何者為有關認真做運動者的推論？

(A)他們通常比不運動的人長壽。

(B)他們在運動健身的日子，站著或活動的時間常常更少。

(C)他們通常比活動量少的人更少坐著。

(D)他們通常未符合世界衛生組織建議的運動標準。

【說明】( 文中未提及。

( 第四段的第五句“Regular exercisers, furthermore, are found to be about 30 percent less active on days when they exercise.”指出規律運動者反而在運動的日子更少做其他活動，故答案選(B)。

( 文中未提及。

( 文中未提及。

第貳部分：非選擇題（占28分）

說明：本部分共有二題，請依各題指示作答，答案必須寫在「答案卷」上，並標明大題號(一、二)。作答務必使用筆尖較粗之黑色墨水的筆書寫，且不得使用鉛筆。

一、中譯英（占8分）

說明：1.請將以下中文句子譯成正確、通順、達意的英文，並將答案寫在「答案卷」上。

2.請依序作答，並標明子題號。每題4分，共8分。

1. 一個成功的企業不應該把獲利當作最主要的目標。

【說明】

(參考句型：S + V + O + OC

S + V + O1 + as + O2

(企業　enterprise

(把A當作B　(1) make + A + B

(2) see/view/take/regard/think of/look upon + A + as B

(獲利　make/earn profits

(主要的目標 main/primary objective/goal

(作答：

(1) A successful enterprise should not make earning profits its main/primary objective/goal.

(2) A successful enterprise should not see/view/take/regard/think of/look upon earning/making profits as its main/primary objective/goal.

2. 它應該負起社會責任，以增進大眾的福祉。

【說明】

(參考句型：S + V + O + to + V + O

(負起社會責任　take on its social responsibility

(增進　increase

(大眾的福祉　public well-being

(作答：

It should take on its social responsibility to increase public well-being.

二、英文作文（占20分）

說明︰1.依提示在「答案卷」上寫一篇英文作文。

2.文長至少120個單詞(words)。

提示：下面兩本書是學校建議的暑假閱讀書籍，請依書名想想看該書的內容，並思考你會選擇哪一本書閱讀，為什麼？請在第一段說明你會選哪一本書及你認為該書的內容大概會是什麼，第二段提出你選擇該書的理由。

第一段

I would choose the book LEADERSHIP IS A CHOICE: Conquer Your Fears & You Can Be a Leader Too. Since the target readers of this book might all have the intention of being leaders, they must be fearless. As a result, I suppose the author might open his chapters by providing several self-assessment quizzes about self-fear, allowing readers to look into their hearts. He might also exemplify with several plausible scenarios where potential leaders are faced with fear. What follows might be the different types of fears as well as the theories of how human fears are generated and the analysis of what leads to these dreadful feelings. Then, in the final chapters, it is highly likely that the author provides good useful tips on how to help readers conquer these fears and how to be a good leader.

第二段

I decide to choose this book because I would like to be a good leader in the future. Shy and introvert as I am, I actually admire those who are brave and competent enough to direct or lead a group. The American President Barack Obama and the late Prime minister of United Kingdom Iron Lady Margaret Thatcher are my idols. Their fearless attitude, decisive characters, and charisma are what I would like to develop inside myself. After reading this book, I am sure I would strengthen my mind. I would like to put what the author conveys and teaches into practice by seeking an opportunity to serve as the leader of my dance club. Despite the inner fears and nervousness that trouble me at this moment, I will follow the author’s tips, conquer my fears, and be a leader, too.

104學測總評與建議

◎第一部份　選擇題

【詞彙】

1-15

1. 15題中考動詞4題，名詞5題，形容詞4題，副詞2題，選項的單字都在4500字範圍內，學生在準備學測時務必要熟悉4500字。

2. 15題中有8題屬於線索推論，需由文意推敲答案(flexible、illustrations、swiftly、maximum、furiously、assure

、screening、regulation)，2題屬於常識判斷題(label、promote)，1題屬於字詞搭配(departure for)，1題舉例題 (intimate)、3題對比題(reward、affordable、interact)。

3. 特別的是，今年僅有一題字詞搭配題，多數題目需要從文意融合常識與邏輯聯想作答，所以學生在單字學習中要多加搭配句子以求理解文意。

4. 與往年相同，今年主題取材仍求貼近考生的生活經驗，並需多注意時事。學生平時應多留意生活化主題的英文單字，如(3)LED電視、(6)地震、(9)服藥說明，與新聞事件的英文單字，如(13) 黑心油品事件、(15)伊波拉病毒。

【綜合測驗】

16-30

1. 第一篇為太極拳的介紹，第二篇討論鳥類在不同文化中的象徵，第三篇淺談蘋果的種類與栽種，主題多元，故學生平時應多閱讀不同主題的文章。

2. 15題中有介系詞1題(17)、片語1題(23)，文法或句型題4題(18、26、27、29)，轉折語1題 (21)，其餘為單字題與需由上下文推論的題目。

3. 15題的難度中上，大部分題目只要能理解文意，均容易作答。

4. 今年出題仍舊著重字義與文意的理解，文法與句型題雖有4題，均不難作答。由此可知閱讀理解力仍是測驗的重點，學生平時宜多涉獵不同題材的文章，擴充字彙庫，並培養從上下文意推論聯想的能力。

【文意選填】

31-40

1. 主題為介紹迴紋針的發明與改良，文章大致上依時間順序寫成，段落分明，結構清楚易懂，可由每段的主題句掌握內容。

2. 全文10格都是實詞，而honor與protest有二個以上的詞性，學生作答時必須留意判斷。此外，有3格測驗片語，並以分詞形呈現(known as、twisted into、associated with)，學生必須運用文法或句型概念才能正確作答。

3. 此篇文章測驗的方向多元，有4題需融合文法觀念，與對等連接詞相關的是(33)，與分詞片語相關的是(34)，與分詞相關的是(36)，(40)則是測驗不定詞的概念，其中以(34)題較難。其餘均容易作答。

4. 教師可提醒學生多練習文意選填的答題技巧，先瀏覽過選項的字詞，答題時由結構判斷空格所需要的詞性，再由符合詞性的選項中挑選符合文意的選項。教師可鼓勵學生記憶單字時要注意詞性，並多學習搭配詞與基本句型的用法。

【閱讀測驗】

41-56

1. 第一篇介紹泰武國小古謠傳唱隊，第二篇探討過度醫療對病人的負面影響，第三篇介紹著名攝影師Henri Cartier-Bresson，第四篇警告讀者久坐不動將帶來的負面影響。

2. 四篇文章都算中長文，字數分別為329字、288字、296字和290字，單字多在4500字範圍內，雖有出現較難的字彙(第一篇的a cappella，第二篇的Wegener’s disease)，但只要學生能仔細閱讀，熟悉同位語等語法句構，即可從上下文意推敲出文意。

3. 在本次閱測中，第一篇對於泰武國小古謠傳唱隊的介紹段落分明，學生若能善用閱讀主題句的技巧即能快速找出答案，43題定義題較難，需要清楚掌握文意才能作答。第二篇探討過度醫療的問題，雖出現較難的單字Wegener’s disease、immune system，但主題清楚，答題不難。47題較特別，所測驗的代名詞they無法由前面出現過的主詞對應，須仰賴上下段落文意的理解判斷。第三篇介紹著名攝影師Henri Cartier-Bresson，大致以順敘法寫成，學生若能掌握時間脈絡與主題句重點，即可找出答案，僅52題專考細節稍難。第四篇警告現代人久坐不動將導致的疾病，文章中雖出現metabolism、enzymes等難字，主題清晰易懂，閱讀不須費力。54、56題較難，均須深入細節。

4. 本次閱讀測驗仍以主旨題、細節題、推論題和指示題為主要方向，教師平時可讓學生多加練習此類題目。

5. 教師可鼓勵學生平時閱讀遇到生字時多練習從上下文猜測意思，以應付測驗語意的題目。

6. 教師可提醒學生在答題前先掃瞄題型，判斷何者需用略讀技巧，何者需要閱讀全文，善用策略以便縮短答題時間。

◎第二部份　非選擇題

【翻譯題】

1. 二題均可以單句寫成。二句均陳述事實，使用現在簡單式。

2. 第一句以「一個成功的企業」作為主詞，「把A當作B」可用make + O + OC或see + A + as + B的結構表示。第二句後半部份以不定詞to表示。

3. 本題呼應時事，近年來有許多黑心企業，將營利設為營業目標，罔顧大眾健康與安全。學生平時需多留意社會現象或時事報導。

4. 本次翻譯題句構不難，較困難之處在於單字，如第一句的企業enterprise、獲利make/earn profits，第二句的負起責任take on the responsibility、大眾福祉public well-being。

【英文作文】

第一段：第一段說明你會選哪一本書及你認為該書的內容大概會是什麼。

Topic sentence: 先開門見山點明會選哪一本書。

I would choose the book ________.

Supporting idea: 接著說明該書的內容大概為何。建議可依照想像的章節描述較有條理。

第二段：第二段提出你選擇該書的理由。

Topic sentence: 說明選擇該書的理由。

I decide to choose this book because _______.

Supporting idea: 選書的理由可與自身經驗連結。

Conclusion: 以閱讀該書後會有何收穫作結論。

情境完整、融入常用搭配用法的例句，

快速提升字彙能力！

字彙測驗

閱讀測驗

Reading Task單元好實用！

句型與寫作單元助學生一臂之力！

翻譯與寫作

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