인수(2) / 영김 -...

인수(2) / 영김

인생 별거 있냐? 수능만 만점 받으면 되지 ㅋㅋ- 1 -

1. 다음 주어진 문장 다음에 이어질 글의 순서는?1)

Just as all life is full of hazard, all life is full of

risk. However, the concept of risk can have

varying meanings depending on the context.

(A) Such variance in use may come from the

word’s multiple origins. The Arabic risq means

“anything that has been given to you (by God) and

from which you draw profit,” possibly explaining

why some may use the term in relation to fortune

or opportunity.

(B) Just as it is used differently by insurance

specialists versus stockbrokers or physicians,

disaster managers employ their own deviation on

risk. It is not uncommon, for example, for the term

to be used in a positive manner to mean “venture”

or “opportunity.”

(C) However, the Latin risicum, which describes a

specific scenario faced by sailors attempting to

avoid the danger posed by a barrier reef, seems a

more appropriate derivation for use in relation to

disaster management, where the term’s connotation

is always negative.

(1강 1번)

2. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 알맞은 말을 고르시오.2)

Some anthropologists have suggested that the

arts are central to human evolution and human

survival. This can be understood in several basic

ways. Music, dance, festivals, and other public

expressive cultural practices are a primary way that

people articulate the ____(A)_______ identities that

are fundamental to forming and sustaining social

groups, which are, in turn, basic to survival. The

performing arts frequently allow people to

intimately feel themselves part of the community

through the realization of shared cultural

knowledge and style and through the very act of

participating together in performance. Music and

dance are often public presentations of the

deepest feelings and qualities that make a group

unique. Through moving and sounding together in

synchrony, people can experience a feeling of

______(B)______ with others. The signs of this social

intimacy are experienced directly ─ body to body

─ and thus in the moment are felt to be true.

(A) (B)

① personal identity

② individual uniqueness

③ individual sympathy

④ collective oneness

⑤ collective distance

(1강 3번)

인수(2) / 영김



Sustainability is essentially an issue of social justice

and fairness. The causes and effects of

unsustainable living are disproportionate and

unevenly distributed. Some humans enjoy the

benefits of global economic development,

industrialization and new technologies; many other

people and many other species bear the risks and

costs. Among human populations, the poorest

nations, and the poorest within nations, are most

at risk. As Nicholas Stern, chief author of the

British government’s report on the economics of

climate change commented in the Executive

Summary, ‘The poorest developing countries will be

hit earliest and hardest by climate change, even

though they have contributed little to causing the

problem.’ Furthermore, while efforts are (slowly)

getting underway to reduce or reverse future

global warming, ________________________ will be even

greater for children who face the brunt of future

consequences.

① the uncertainty of upcoming natural disaster

② the crisis of destroying the forest

③ the chance of getting edible food

④ the unequal distribution of benefit and risk

⑤ the balanced food system and structure

(1강 4번)

4. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 알맞은 연결어를 고르시오.4)

Today most of us believe that artistic creativity is

spontaneous, not overly planned or organized, and

that artists reject tradition and convention. We like

to think of our artists as strong individualists,

working in isolation, not influenced by the prevailing

ideas taught in art schools or by stuffy white-haired

museum curators. ______(A)_____ like so much about

our contemporary creativity myths, this idea only

emerged in the 19th century. In the second half of

the 20th century, the idea that the artist is a person

who rejects convention took an even stronger hold

on the popular consciousness. _____(B)______, at the

same time, artists were entering art schools in

increasingly large numbers to be trained in the

conventions of the art world. In the United States

today, a greater proportion of artists have the MFA

degree than at any other time in history. Yet few of

us are aware of the growing influence of formal

schooling in fine art. In general, when the facts

clash with our creativity myths, the facts are

ignored.

(A) (B)

① In fact Ironically

② In contrast However

③ However Similarly

④ However Ironically

⑤ However Meanwhile

(1강 6번)

인수(2) / 영김


5. 다음 글의 제목을 고르시오.5)

Pauses can be helpful in communicating. Long

pauses can be used strategically to put pressure on

another person to respond to a question or to

concede an offer. Thus, creating a long pause puts

pressure on the other person to fill the pause.

Negotiators use this tactic to pressure an opponent

to give in. The one who breaks the silence is often

the one who concedes. In a study, participants

from Taiwan and the US engaged in a negotiation,

and a repeated pattern was observed: An American

participant would make an offer; a participant from

Taiwan would look down at his or her profit sheet

to consider the offer; a long pause would ensue,

during which time the Taiwan participant was

thinking. Inevitably, the American would make a

conceding offer before the Taiwan participant could

respond to the initial offer. The Americans couldn’t

wait through the extended pause, taking the pause

as a rejection of the offer.

① The way of a rejection in communication

② The importance of tactic in communication

③ The strategical functions of pause in

communication

④ The differences of communicating people with

different cultures

⑤ The inefficiency of pause in communication

(2강 2번)

6. 다음 글의 요지를 고르시오.6)

Half of the men enrolled in a college statistics

course were interviewed by telephone at the

beginning of the course, and the other half were

interviewed at the end. The interview ostensibly

concerned sports and began with questions

concerning sports controversies in order to hide

the fact that the basic concern was with statistics.

Then subjects were asked such questions as why

the winner of the Rookie of the Year award in

baseball usually does not do as well in his second

year as in his first. A nonstatistical response might

be “because he’s resting on his laurels; he’s not

trying as hard in his second year.” A statistical

response would be “A player’s performance varies

from year to year. Sometimes you have good years

and sometimes you have bad years. The player

who won the Rookie of the Year award had an

exceptional year. He’ll probably do better than

average in his second year, but not as well as he

did when he was a rookie.” Students gave more

statistical answers of this sort at the end of the

course than at the beginning. Therefore, it is likely

the students at the end of the course did transfer

what they had learned to cases where it is

relevant.

① 학생들은 통계학수업을 듣고 난후에 통계와 관련

있는 사례에서 통계를 듣기 전 보다 더 많이 사용

한다.

② 통계자료는 대중매체에 의해 더 많은 영향을 받았

다.

③ 통계자료의 대부분은 실험실에서 연구를 통해서가

아닌 전화를 통해 더 쉽게 얻어진다.

④ 통계학은 실제 문제를 해결하는 데 있어서 유용한

도구가 아니다.

⑤ 통계학수업은 실제적인 상황에서 적용시키기가 가

장 어려운 학문이다.

(2강 3번)

인수(2) / 영김



Can we find some way of keeping both ideas ─

morality as impartiality and special parental

obligations? Can we understand them in a way

that makes them compatible with one another? As

it turns out, this is not difficult. We can say that

impartiality requires us to treat people in the same

way only when there are no relevant differences

between them. This qualification is obviously

needed, quite apart from any considerations about

parents and children. For example, it is not a

failure of impartiality to imprison a convicted

criminal while innocent citizens go free, because

there is a relevant difference between them (one

has committed a crime; the others have not) to

which we can appeal to justify the difference in

treatment. Other examples come easily to mind.

But once we have admitted this qualification, we

can make use of it to solve our problem about

parental obligations. The fact that a child is one’s

own can be taken as providing the “relevant

difference” that _____________________________.

① recognizes the crime

② proves treating it similarly

③ admits mistakes and apologizes them

④ ignores the relationships between them

⑤ justifies treating it differently

(2강 4번)


Edward C. Tolman’s blocked-path study supported

the theory that learning can occur without

reinforcement. This classical study involved three

groups of rats who ran a different maze under

different reinforcement conditions. Rats in Group 1

were reinforced with food each time they

successfully ran the maze. Group 2 rats received no

reinforcement for successfully completing the maze.

Group 3 rats were not reinforced during the first

ten days, but were reinforced on the eleventh day.

Findings showed that the performance of rats in

Groups 2 and 3 improved even though they did

not receive reinforcement. Once the rats in Group

3 began receiving reinforcements, their performance

in the maze equaled and in most cases surpassed

the performance of rats in Group 1. This suggests

that reinforcement is not as important to learning

as the behaviorists advocated.

① 쥐들은 미로에서 실험을 할 때 학습효과가 가장

크게 나타난다.

② 학습이 저조할 때 강화훈련을 통해 학습효과를 증

대 시킬 수 있다.

③ 학습은 오직 연습을 통해서 가능하다.

④ 강화는 기대했던 것만큼 학습효과에 영향을 미치

지 않는다.

⑤ 학습에서 보상과 벌이 둘 다 필요하다.

(2강 6번)

인수(2) / 영김


9. 다음 글의 요지는?9)

The economic story tells us corporations compete

in a global market as part of the global economy.

Because investors are always on the lookout for

where to invest their capital next and keep moving

their funds in and out of countries, organizations

are under pressure to compete efficiently and stay

attractive to those investors. One way a company

can compete efficiently is to have a more flexible

workforce ─ to be less tied to its employees.

Since labor costs represent a major expense to

most companies, hiring employees when there’s

work and laying them off when the work slows

down can help firms stay competitive. That means

the employment relationship that once stretched

out into the future isn’t on the table anymore.

Jobs now depend on the changing needs of the

company. If the company has work, so will you. If

not, you probably won’t either. As a result,

corporations and employees are no longer that

committed to each other.

① 기업은 직원의 갑작스런 퇴직에 대한 보호기능으

로 정부에 의존하고 있다.

② 기업과 직원은 서로로부터 더 많은 이득을 얻고

있다.

③ 효율적인 경쟁을 위한 노사관계는 기업과 직원들

이 서로에게 그렇게 헌신적이지 않는 것이다.

④ 기업은 직원들의 고령화에 대한 문제 인식이 필요

하다.

⑤ 기업의 직원들의 복지에 대한 혜택은 생산성의 증

가를 가져온다.

(3강 3번)

10. 주어진 문장 다음에 이어질 글의 순서는?10)

If you and your opponent are to present your

arguments back to back, and if the election is

still several days away, you should speak first.

(A) Because of the coffee break between speeches,

the interference of the first speech with the

learning of the second speech will be minimal;

because the audience must make up its mind right

after the second speech, as the second speaker

you would have retention working for you.

(B) But if the election is going to be held

immediately after the second speech, and there is

to be a prolonged coffee break between the two

speeches, you would do well to speak last.

(C) The primacy of your speech will interfere with

the audience’s ability to learn your opponent’s

arguments; with the election several days away,

differential effects due to memory are negligible.

(D) Therefore the recency effect would be

dominant: All other things being equal, the last

speech will be the more persuasive.

(3강 5번)

인수(2) / 영김



We know that babies can infer invisible properties

based on what things look like. If nine- month-olds

find that a box makes a sound when you touch it,

they expect other boxes that look the same to

make the same sound. Older children do more;

they make generalizations based on the category

something belongs to. In one study, three-year-olds

are shown a picture of a robin and told that it has

a hidden property, such as a certain chemical in its

blood. Then they are shown two other pictures:

one of an animal that looks similar but belongs to

a different category, such as a bat; the other of an

animal that looks different but belongs to the

same category, like a flamingo. Which one has the

same hidden property? Children tend to generalize

on the basis of category, choosing the flamingo.

This doesn’t show that they are fully essentialists,

but it does show that they are sensitive to

something deeper than appearance.

① 아이들은 색의 선명도나 강도에 매우 민감하다.

② 아이들은 눈에 보이지 않는 것 보다 눈에 보이는

것에 더 많은 관심을 가지게 된다.

③ 아이들은 사물의 보이는 모습과 더 깊은 범주를

통해 보이지 않는 특성을 추리할 수 있다.

④ 아이들은 상상력을 이용하여, 눈에 보이지 않는 것

에 대한 추리를 더욱 잘 해서, 창의력이 매우 뛰어

나다.

⑤ 아이들은 보이지 않는 특성에 대한 추리를 부모의

행동관찰을 통해 습득한다.

(3강 6번)

12. 주어진 문장 다음에 이어질 글의 순서는?12)

Some people think of power narrowly in terms

of command and coercion. They imagine that

power consists solely of commanding others to

do what they would otherwise not do. You say

“Jump,” and they jump.

(A) A cruel dictator can lock up or execute a

dissident, but that may not prove his power if the

dissenter was really seeking martyrdom. And the

power may evaporate when the context

(including your objectives) changes.

(B) This appears to be a simple test of power, but

it is not so straightforward. Suppose, like my

granddaughters, they already wanted to jump.

When we view power in terms of the changed

behavior of others, we first have to know their

preferences. What would have happened without

the command?

(C) A tough boss who controls your behavior at

work has no power over how you raise your

daughter (although others outside your family, such

as a doctor, may have such influence). The domain

of your boss’s power in this case is limited to

work.

(3강 7번)

인수(2) / 영김


13. 다음 빈칸에 공통으로 들어갈 말을 고르시오.13)

Science is a vastly collaborative enterprise. Not

only do we “stand on the shoulders of giants”

because we benefit from the work that has been

done previously, but we depend on many others in

the scientific community to help us improve our

work and avoid mistakes. Normally you submit

your research to conferences or for publication.

During this process, your research undergoes

______________, in which it is scrutinized by other

scientists who are experts in your area. Only if

other experts conclude that your research is

important, accurate, and explained thoroughly will it

be added to the existing body of scientific

knowledge. To demonstrate the importance of

(this/these) ____________, contrast this process to

what happens when a person simply decides to

transmit a tweet or launch a personal website. The

author is solely responsible for the content, and

there are no checks at all on the accuracy of that

content.

① scientific proof ② brilliant idea

③ diverse options ④ peer pressure

⑤ peer review

(4강 1번)

14. 다음 중 흐름상 어색한 어휘를 고르시오.14)

The notion of public journalism arose during the

1990s. The core idea was to combat the cynicism

and civic disengagement that many ①attributed to

an irresponsible news media by aligning news

coverage more closely to the ②priorities of local

communities. So, for example, in one early exercise

of public journalism, the Charlotte (North Carolina)

Observer made a ③conscience effort to cover the

1992 city election by reporting citizens’ views about

issues rather than their moment-by-moment

preferences for candidates (the usual “horse race”

coverage). The paper’s polls and news stories

focused on the ④substance of policy matters

rather than on candidates’ electoral strategies. In

another example, in the late 1990s the Philadelphia

Inquirer published citizens’ own questions to

candidates as well as the candidates’ replies, all on

pages of the newspaper formerly ⑤reserved for

editors, journalists, and other professional

commentators.

(4강 2번)

인수(2) / 영김



Any human social world is obviously finite, limited

in resources and space, and it comprises agents

whose pursuit of individual ends unavoidably must

limit what others would otherwise be able to do,

often directly _____(A)_____ with such other pursuits.

This situation forces the issue of power: who will

be subject to whose will, who will subject whom.

But these individual agents are finite as well,

unable to achieve most of their ends without forms

of cooperation and dependence. The biology of

human development insures a profound familial

dependence throughout childhood, and the variety

and breadth of the distribution of human talent

and the frailty and vulnerability of human life all

insure that various forms of social ______(B)_______

will be impossible to avoid. So it has long been

acknowledged that a human society is both deeply

conflictual and competitive, as well as necessarily

cooperative and communal.

(A) (B)

① cooperating dependence

② cooperating independence

③ conflicting independence

④ conflicting dependence

⑤ competing dependence

(4강 5번)


Given the mounting side effects of our wasteful

use of energy, the imperative and opportunity to

create a new global economy is upon us. We

must leap into a new business and technology

model or go the way of the dinosaurs.

(A) The opportunity starts with embracing nature’s

phenomenal efficiency and functionality. From

nature’s point of view, there is no energy shortage

─ never has been and never will be. Our whole

universe and everything in it is made of energy.

(B) After life’s 3.8 billion years of trial and error,

experimentation, and a limitless research budget,

the time has come for us to turn to nature’s vast

library of elegant, efficient methodologies, freely

available to those who ask the right questions.

(C) In nature, survival of a species depends on its

optimal use of energy. If we study and faithfully

copy nature’s strategies for energy use, we can

avert the developed world’s escalating energy crisis

─ a crisis that is already entrenched for two-thirds

of the earth’s people.

(4강 6번)

인수(2) / 영김


17. 다음 중 흐름과 무관한 문장을 고르시오.17)

Statistical studies in a broad spectrum of

developing countries have provided strong support

for the economic theory of fertility. ①For example,

it has been found that high female employment

opportunities outside the home and greater female

school attendance, especially at the primary and

secondary levels, are associated with significantly

lower levels of fertility. ②As women become better

educated, they tend to earn a larger share of

household income and to produce fewer children.

③The children from educated mothers tend to

have more intelligent abilities from being born. ④

Moreover, these studies have confirmed the strong

association between declines in child mortality and

the subsequent decline in fertility. ⑤Assuming that

households desire a target number of surviving

children, increased female education and higher

levels of income can decrease child mortality and

therefore increase the chances that the firstborn

will survive. As a result, fewer births may be

necessary to attain the same number of surviving

children. This fact alone underlines the importance

of educating women and improving public health

and child nutrition programs in reducing fertility

levels.

(4강 8번)

18. 다음 글의 제목을 고르시오.18)

People with fully developed self-awareness and

self-control are aware of their own emotions and

how those emotions affect their performance and

their relationships with people at work and in their

private life. They are always observing themselves

to recognize emotions that may limit their

effectiveness, and then work hard to develop ways

to handle those emotions in an appropriate way.

Their ability to read and manage their emotions

creates resilience in that they are able to bounce

back from disappointments. They are courageous in

that they have the ability to face their fears and

not let these fears stop them from taking action.

They are calm and level-headed, even in difficult

times ─ they draw on their values and what

inspires them and share those positive feelings in

ways that move and inspire others.

① Positive feelings tend to be contiguous.

② The only courageous people tend to get the

beauty

③ The ways of people with outstanding

self-awareness and self-control dealing with their

own emotions properly.

④ The ways of inspiring and moving others with

good manners

⑤ Selfish people need to be changed through

observing themselves

(5강 2번)

인수(2) / 영김


19. 다음 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적당한 곳은?19)

So if we have cautious dispositions, we will

probably choose a four-engine aircraft, owned by

a prestigious airline, flying nonstop in good

weather.

When faced with complex or inadequate

information, we fall back on a hybrid approach in

which reason and emotion become intertwined. ①

To illustrate this point, we can think about the task

of choosing a flight from Vancouver to New York

for a family reunion. ②We shall suppose an airliner

has recently crashed, and this naturally leads to

anxiety. ③Our decision must now take into account

all sorts of predictions, based on the safety record

of certain aircraft, certain airlines, and certain

weather conditions. ④We now have two goals: a

primary one, driven by a social instinct to visit

family in New York, and a secondary one, driven

by the emotional need to reduce anxiety. ⑤If our

emotional makeup is different, we might choose

the opposite, for our secondary goal could just as

well be set by a craving for excitement.

(5강 6번)

20. 다음 주어진 문장이 들어갈 알맞은 곳은?20)

Thus if your child sees you picking up potatoes

or balls of yarn and putting them in a basket,

she will be happy to copy you and put pine

cones or spools in her own basket.

The time when a little child first begins to feel

her movements no longer as expressions of energy

but as intentional activities within the sphere of her

imaginative games varies with every child, but

usually first becomes apparent to the observer

between the ages of two and three. ①The first

kinds of play you are likely to see are your child’s

pretending to eat and drink or talk on the

telephone. ②This type of pretend play comes

through the imitation of things the child has done

or seen the people around her do. ③Then she will

dump them out again, for a child’s play has no

utilitarian purpose; there is nothing she is trying to

accomplish. ④Your three-year-old may imitate your

sweeping by using her own little broom, but she

will be completely involved in the gestures of

sweeping and unconcerned about picking up any

dust.⑤

(6강 5번)

인수(2) / 영김



Timeliness represents the extent to which a

measurement can be taken soon after the need to

measure arises, rather than being held to an

arbitrary date (e.g., an employee’s anniversary date,

or the fiscal year end), or performed as an

“autopsy” (e.g., an exit interview, or a

returned-product analysis). Physicians have known

about this for a long time. Measurements such as

vital signs and blood test results that are captured

with your annual physical, or when you are

otherwise well, provide informative data, with the

trends over time being even more useful. However,

once you become ill, or if a disturbing trend is

observed, this data ─ even more detailed data ─

is captured more frequently, with some measures

being taken in real time. Imagine that your

physician suspects you have come down with a

debilitating disease, and says to you, “Well, you’re

scheduled for your next physical in only three

months. Let’s wait and see what those results tell

us.” Similarly, imagine a manager who suspects that

an employee has come down with a debilitating

performance problem, and says to that employee,

“Well, you’re scheduled for your next performance

review in only three months. Let’s wait until then

to gather 360° feedback.”

① 적절한 시기에 퇴직임명은 나중에 받아야 할 상처를 크

게 덜어주는 경향이 있다.

② 적시성은 건강이 좋지 않을 때 쓰면 효과가 있다.

③ 퇴직자 면접은 퇴직자에게 다음의 고용에 대한 불안감을

오히려 조성한다.

④ 적시성이란 측정할 필요가 발생하는 즉시 측정이 이루어

질 수 있는 정도를 의미하는 것이다.

⑤ 혈액검사와 활력징후는 병에 걸리기 전에 보통 행해지는

의료행위이다.

(6강 6번)


Within any discipline the growth of the subject

strictly parallels the economic marketplace. Scholars

cooperate with one another because they find it

mutually beneficial. They accept from one another’s

work what they find useful. They exchange their

findings ─ by verbal communication, by circulating

unpublished papers, by publishing in journals and

books. Cooperation is worldwide, just as in the

economic market. The esteem or approval of fellow

scholars serves very much the same function that

monetary reward does in the economic market. The

desire to earn that esteem, to have their work

accepted by their peers, leads scholars to direct

their activities in scientifically efficient directions.

The whole becomes greater than the sum of its

parts, as one scholar builds on another’s work. His

work in turn becomes the basis for further

development.

① 논문을 학술지에 옮길 때 학자들은 다른 학자들의 논문

과 유사한 내용이 있어선 안 된다.

② 학자들의 연구에 대한 발전은 논문 발표에 의해서 평가

를 받게 된다.

③ 학자들 간에 연구 주제의 발전은 협력을 통해 이루어진

다.

④ 학자들 간에 존경과 명예는 금전적 보상보다 더 큰 가치

를 가진다.

⑤ 효율적인 연구결과를 이끌어 나가기 위해 학자들은 다른

학자들의 논문을 일부 활용한다.

(7강 1번)

인수(2) / 영김


23. 다음 중 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?23)

Most medieval storytellers and illustrators were

not zoologists, nor did they pretend to be. They

aimed either to entertain their readers or to

provide them with religious and moral instruction,

and sensationalism served both ends very well. The

entertainers knew, just as well as any present-day

newspaper editor or owner of a TV station, that

people love to be amazed and frightened. But the

medieval entertainers had a distinct advantage,

because their readers had no way of checking the

veracity of what they were told. Writers could not

exaggerate the dangers posed by familiar animals

─ not even really fierce ones such as bears and

wolves ─ simply because they were familiar and

people knew how to live with them. However, a

firebreathing dragon was a very different

proposition. No reader had ever met with one, but

the very idea that such an encounter might be

possible was enough to be frightening ─ and

there was no way to prove that it could not

happen.

① 중세의 이야기꾼은 독자들을 즐겁게 해주거나 그

들에게 종교적이고 도덕적인 교훈을 제공하는 목

적이 있었다.

② 그들은 사람들이 놀라워하고 겁먹기를 싫어한다는

점을 아주 잘 알고 있었다.

③ 독자들은 이야기꾼들에 의해 듣는 것에 대한 진실

성을 확인 할 방법이 없었다.

④ 작가들은 친근한 동물들이 제기하는 위험성을 제

기하는 위험성을 과장할 수 없었다.

⑤ 불을 뿜은 용은 만나본적은 없지만 우연한 만남이

있을 수 있다는 생각이 무서움을 주기에 충분했

다.

(7강 4번)

24. 다음 글의 제목은?24)

In her book A Natural History of the Senses,

Diane Ackerman refers to smell as “the mute

sense.” While we can detect and even perceive

thousands of smells, we are woefully inept at

describing them without reference to other things

or, even more often, how they make us feel. This

verbal shortfall may arise in part because the brain

regions that register smells are only weakly and

indirectly connected to those areas that support

language processing. A more direct set of

connections exists between areas that deal with

emotions and language, and so the lexicon of

smells is riddled with descriptions of how a smell

makes us feel. Try to describe the smell of

camphor without reference to a pine tree; or

imagine explaining the smell of the ocean in the

morning to someone who has never had the

experience.

① The varieties of smell around us

② The difference between smell and taste

③ The infinity of brain to express the smell

④ The lack of expressing smell with a language

⑤ The importance of emotion as for expressing

smell.

(7강 5번)

인수(2) / 영김



To the contrary, the “natural” environment,

especially those environments least touched by

the processes of civilization, acted on settlers’

bodies in sometimes aggressive and

unpredictable ways.

Nineteenth-century writings about disease offer a

window into earlier conceptions of the body. ①

Perhaps less obviously, these same writings speak

to earlier conceptions of the environment. ②

Different conceptions of illness point to differences

in how people have understood the nonhuman

world. ③When viewed from the perspective of

health, the nineteenth-century environment was

neither passive nor necessarily benign in its natural

state. ④Consequently, untested landscapes were

always physically threatening. ⑤This fear of distant

and unfamiliar places generated a lot of popular

advice for would-be settlers and travelers. At the

same time, existing medical and scientific practices

brought the environmental sources of disease into

focus.

(7강 6번)

26. 다음 주어진 문장이 들어갈 알맞은 위치는?26)

Sometimes, however, a revolution in scientific

understanding is needed to conceive of new

technologies.

While science and technology are often talked of

together, they are not the same. ①It is not

necessary to have a correct scientific understanding

of something to develop a technology that works.

②Trial and error, treating things as black boxes,

where doing X produces Y, without understanding

exactly why, is sufficient to develop many forms of

technology. ③Such was the shift Einstein brought

to physics when he showed matter and energy

were interchangeable, which opened up the

possibilities of nuclear power. ④Another such

revolution has occurred in biology, with the

understanding that living organisms grow and

develop through the expression of genes, encoded

in DNA, which are built from the same four

building blocks. ⑤This understanding makes it

possible to conceive of ways to re-engineer living

organisms and gives rise to genetic engineering

and other aspects of modern biotechnology, such

as cloning and genomics.

(8강 3번)

인수(2) / 영김



Distorted global politics, in other words, has

weak democratic credentials.

Globalization, it can be argued, is associated with

a double democratic deficit. ①On the one hand, it

has compounded the tension between democracy

as a territoriality-rooted system of rule and the

operation of global markets and transnational

networks of corporate power. ②For if democratic

governments are losing the capacity to manage

transnational forces in accordance with the

expressed preferences of their citizens, then the

very essence of democracy, namely self-governance,

is decidedly compromised. ③On the other hand,

globalization is associated with the emergence of a

distorted global politics in which power imbalances

and global institutions more often than not

enhance the interests of global elites at the

expense of the wider world community. ④Many of

the agencies of global civil society too are highly

unrepresentative of the world’s peoples. ⑤Arguably,

correcting this double democratic deficit, alongside

global poverty reduction, is the greatest ethical and

political challenge of the twenty-first century.

(8강 5번)

28. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?28)

In a city-state in ancient Greece, the agora was a

physical space to which the boule, the council,

summoned all the citizens (heads of households)

once or several times each month to deliberate on

and decide issues of joint and shared interests ─

and to elect, or draw by lot, its members. For

obvious reasons, such a procedure could not be

sustained once the realm of the polis or the body

politic grew far beyond the borders of a city: the

agora could no longer literally mean a public

square where all the citizens of the state were

expected to present themselves in order to

participate in the decision-making process. This

does not mean, though, that the purpose

underlying the establishment of the agora, and the

function of the agora in pursuing that purpose,

had lost their significance or needed to be

abandoned forever. The history of democracy can

be narrated as the story of successive efforts to

keep alive both the purpose and its pursuit after

the disappearance of its original material

foundation.

① 아고라는 평의회인 boule이 공통되고 공유된 이해가 걸

린 쟁점을 숙의하고 결정하기 위한 물리적 공간이었다.

② 폴리스나 정치적 통일체의 영역이 도시의 경계를 넘어

성장하자, 아고라의 역할은 더욱 분명해졌다.

③ 아고라는 의사결정과정에 참여하기 위해 모든 시민들이

직접 참여할 것으로 기대되는 공공 광장이라는 의미를

더 이상 지닐 수 없었다.

④ 하지만 아고라의 설립의 기초가 되는 목적과 기능의 중

요성이 상실됐다는 것을 의미하지 않는다.

⑤ 민주주의의 역사는 기존의 물질적 토대가 사라진 뒤에도

목적과 목적의 추구를 살리기 위한 연속적인 노력이의

이야기라 말할 수 있다.

(8강 6번)

인수(2) / 영김


29. 다음 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치는?29)

A teenager’s contemplation will naturally include

an assessment of the family.

As they head toward middle adolescence, young

teenagers may display tendencies to seclusion and

moodiness. ①Emerging reasoning leads to

reflection on themselves and others and assessment

of new experiences. ②Appraisals of interaction

between self and the world require a place and

time, so young teenagers may begin to spend

more time alone. ③Because both girls and boys

have long associations with the mirror, they will

use the mirror as a prop for role-playing and for

testing and measuring themselves in imagined

situations. ④As they develop their own perspective

of family structure and roles, their criticisms and

withdrawals often become a source of puzzlement

and hurt to family members. ⑤The maturing

adolescent takes frequent flights of independence

but has a strong need to return to the “nest” for

guidance and encouragement.

(9강 1번)


Humans are alike in certain respects because as

members of the same species, we share a

common evolutionary heritage that tends to

channel development along a similar path. What’s

more, those of us living within any given culture

or subculture are also encouraged to adopt

similar norms and values.

(A) A second and equally important contributor to

our uniqueness is that every individual ─ even

identical twins raised in the same home ─ has

somewhat different (and often dramatically

different) experiences while growing up. So social

and personality development represents far more

than the unfolding of a genetic program or the

impact of cultures on individuals.

(B) It is more accurately characterized as a long

and involved interplay among a variety of social,

cultural, and biological influences that conspire to

make us humans similar in certain ways but very

different from one another in many other respects.

(C) Yet it is also true that no two individuals are

exactly alike and that each of us has a unique

personality. Why is this? One important reason is

that no two of us, with the exception of identical

twins, inherit precisely the same set of genes.

(9강 2번)

인수(2) / 영김



In everyday life, our senses are constantly

assailed by a virtually infinite amount of

information; so from the totality of potential

experience presented to us, we select some parts

and reject others. Thus, for example, we cannot

hope to see everything that is in front of our eyes;

so we focus on some things in what then becomes

our foreground, and take less notice of others

which are thus relegated to background. A lecturer

in front of a large audience cannot at the same

time have eye contact with students in the front

row and the back, any more than a car driver can

simultaneously focus on the speedometer

immediately in front of him and on the car some

hundred yards ahead. In each case, a decision has

to be made about what is, at any given time, most

important: a heckler in the back row of a lecture

theater may force a change of focus in the one

case, just as would the sudden appearance of

brake lights on the distant car in the other.

① 우리는 눈앞에 보이는 것에만 초점을 맞춰서 다른

중요한 주변에 것을 자주 놓치는 경향이 있다.

② 일상생활에서 정보처리는 새로운 매체에 의해서

지배되고 있다.

③ 우리는 한꺼번에 모든 정보에 집중할 수 없어서

중요성에 따라 특정 정보에 초점을 맞춘다.

④ 초점의 대상이 바뀌는 것은 바라보는 사물의 위치

가 갑자기 변했을 때이다.

⑤ 우리가 아무리 많은 정보를 기억하려 해도, 시간은

정보를 우리의 기억으로부터 소멸되게 한다.

(9강 3번)

32. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 알맞은 말은?32)

Today human travel is unprecedented in volume,

reach, and speed. This massive and rapid

movement is occurring in the context of global

changes that favor the appearance of previously

unrecognized microbial threats and a change in the

distribution of and burden from well-known

infectious diseases. Humans, in addition to carrying

their own assemblage of microbial flora, orchestrate

the movement of other species and biological

material through ________________________. Humans

also explore and enter new areas and change the

environment in ways that place them at risk for

new microbial threats. Thus, migration of humans

shapes the distribution and patterns of infectious

diseases globally, and this has been true

throughout recorded history.

① immoderate investment and excessive regulation

② extensive global travel and trading networks

③ perfect global marketing strategies

④ excessive destruction of the world's environment

⑤ constant construction and unplanned schedule

(10강 3번)

인수(2) / 영김



In Korea, intergenerational coresidence is the

normative expectation. For example, other things

being equal, the first choice is for parents to

coreside with their eldest son. If for some reason

that is not possible, then coresidence with the

next eldest son is preferred.

(A) Perhaps the most common are differences

created by changes in economic opportunities for

the two generations, as reflected in the extremely

rapid educational and occupational shift in Korea

over the past two generations.

(B) Hence, contemporary Korean parents are likely

to have pursued agricultural careers in rural areas,

while their children are pursuing manufacturing or

service careers in urban areas.

(C) Put differently, coresidence is the expected

normal state of affairs (at least for eldest sons), not

a mechanism to cope with emergencies, as in the

U.S. Nonetheless, there are many situations in

Korea that might lead both generations to decide

that living together is not desirable.

(10강 5번)

34. 다음 글을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 할 때 빈칸에

들어갈 말은?34)

A category of special interest to the serious

student encompasses social problem films, which

are difficult to evaluate, for their aging can occur

very rapidly. A film can become not only dated but

completely irrelevant within society in just a few

years. This happens when the problem attacked by

the film is eliminated or corrected. In a sense the

social problem film can enjoy a long life only by

failing in its purpose, for its impact is generally

lost as soon as the problem portrayed no longer

exists. This is especially true of a film that treats a

narrow, topical, and very contemporary problem.

The more general the problem, the more

widespread its effects; and the more resistant it is

to reform, the longer is the life span of the social

problem film directed against it. As long as the

social problem exists, the film has relevance.

⇩

The life span of the social problem films is

____(A)______ when they don't ____(B)_____ to reform

(A) (B)

① the same resist

② longer resist

③ longer admit

④ shorter admit

⑤ the same deny

(11강 1번)

인수(2) / 영김



Easter Island was a typical Polynesian society in

terms of its language, artifacts and main social

institutions.

(A) Yet, with its writing and impressive statues,

Easter Island seems to have exceeded the level of

cultural development typical for Polynesian islands

of its size.

(B) Similarly, it has been argued that Britain’s

success during the eighteenth and nineteenth

centuries stemmed from its island location. It was

neither forced to defend itself by land nor tempted

to seek extension of its boundaries.

(C) This may be connected to its extreme isolation,

three thousand miles from the nearest inhabited

land, freeing it from the endemic fighting that

characterized most Polynesian island groups.

(D) It therefore grew strong at the same time that

continental countries were dissipating their energy

and resources in ultimately futile conflicts.

(11강 3번)


During the early stages when the aquaculture

industry was rapidly expanding, mistakes were

made and these were costly both in terms of

direct losses and in respect of the industry’s

image.

(A) This, in addition to other methods that

decrease the overall amount of uneaten food, has

helped aquaculture to clean up its act. With this

history lurking in the background, it seems quite

possible that the industry’s enthusiasm to embrace

fish welfare initiatives is a proactive effort to obtain

a positive image.

(B) High-density rearing led to outbreaks of

infectious diseases that in some cases devastated

not just the caged fish, but local wild fish

populations too. The negative impact on local

wildlife inhabiting areas close to the fish farms

continues to be an ongoing public relations

problem for the industry.

(C) Furthermore, a general lack of knowledge and

insufficient care being taken when fish pens or

cages were initially constructed, meant that

pollution from excess feed and fish waste created

huge barren underwater deserts. These were costly

lessons to learn, but now stricter regulations are in

place to ensure that fish pens are placed in sites

where there is good water flow to remove fish

waste.

(11강 5번)

인수(2) / 영김


37. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어휘를 고르시오.37)

Studies with twins suggest that the degree to

which we are born with the ability to sense how

others are feeling seems to vary according to

genetic factors. Although some people may have

an inborn edge, environmental experiences are the

key to developing the ability to understand others.

Specifically, the way in which parents communicate

with their children seems to affect their ability to

understand others’ emotional states. When parents

point out to children the distress that others feel

from their misbehavior (“Look how sad Jessica is

because you took her toy. Wouldn’t you be sad if

someone took away your toys?”), those children

gain a greater appreciation of the fact that their

acts have emotional consequences than when

parents simply label such behavior as inappropriate

(“That was a mean thing to do!”). Studies also

show that allowing children to experience and

manage frustrating events can help increase their

_________________ for others later in life.

① favorable appearance

② relative comparison

③ empathic concern

④ positive consequences

⑤ parental love

(11강 6번)

38. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?38)

The term interdisciplinary is very popular these

days. It is worth differentiating two distinct forms.

Within the academy, the term interdisciplinary is

applied to studies that draw deliberately on at

least two scholarly disciplines and seek a

synergistic integration. Biochemists combine

biological and chemical knowledge; historians of

science apply the tools of history to one or more

fields of science. In professional life, interdisciplinary

is typically applied to a team composed of workers

who have different professional training. In a

medical setting, an interdisciplinary team might

consist of one or more surgeons, anesthesiologists,

radiologists, nurses, therapists, and social workers.

In a business setting, an interdisciplinary or

cross-functional team might feature inventors,

designers, marketers, the sales force, and

representatives drawn from different levels of

management. The cutting-edge interdisciplinary

team is sometimes dubbed Skunk Works: members

are granted considerable freedom on the

assumption that they will exit their habitual silos

and engage in the boldest forms of connection

making.

① 고등교육 기관에서는 의도적으로 최소한 두 개의 학문적

교과에 의지하여 상승적인 통합을 추구하는 연구에 융

합이 적용된다.

② 생화학자들은 융합이라는 단어를 생물학 지식과 화학 지

식을 결합시킨다.

③ 전문직종 생활에서는 비슷한 전문 직업 훈련을 받은 근

로자들로 구성된 팀에 일반적으로 융합이 적용된다.

④ 사업환경에서는 융합적인 팀은 발명가, 디자이너, 마케팅

담당자, 판매인력등의 대표자들을 특징으로 한다.

⑤ 최첨단 융합적 팀은 구성원들은 평소의 사일로를 떠나서

연계를 이루는 데에 참여할 것이라는 자유를 받는다.

(12강 2번)

인수(2) / 영김



Our reactions to various dangers are not

proportional to their seriousness as measured by

the number of people that each type of danger

actually kills or injures each year. The Kung, a

primitive tribe of Africa’s Kalahari Desert, drive lions

off carcasses with meat on which to feast, but they

don’t drive lions off resting places without

carcasses. Most of us wouldn’t enter a burning

house just for the fun of it, but would do so to

rescue our child trapped in the house. Many

Americans and Europeans and Japanese are now

making agonizing reappraisals of the wisdom of

building nuclear power stations, because on the

one hand Japan’s Fukushima nuclear station

accident emphasizes the dangers of nuclear power,

and on the other hand those dangers are offset by

________________________________ by reducing coal, oil,

and gas power generation.

① the comfortable lives of a variety of vegetations

② the benefits of reducing global warming

③ the decrease of the mass production

④ the weakness of hi- technology use

⑤ the increase of economic depression

(12강 3번)

40. 다음 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적당한 곳은?40)

Instead, they emerged through a complex process

of coevolution, as desirable traits were selected

and propagated by early farmers.

Throughout history, food has acted as a catalyst of

social transformation. ①Food’s first transformative

role was as a foundation for entire civilizations. ②

The adoption of agriculture made possible new

settled lifestyles and set mankind on the path to

the modern world. ③But the staple crops that

supported the first civilizations ─ barley and wheat

in the Near East, millet and rice in Asia, and maize

and potatoes in the Americas ─ were not simply

discovered by chance. ④These staple crops are, in

effect, inventions: deliberately cultivated

technologies that only exist as a result of human

intervention. ⑤The story of the adoption of

agriculture is the tale of how ancient genetic

engineers developed powerful new tools that made

civilization itself possible. In the process, mankind

changed plants, and those plants in turn

transformed mankind.

(12강 5번)


41. 다음 중 주어진 문장이 들어갈 알맞은 위치는?41)

Participants who exercised willpower showed a

marked drop in the levels of glucose in the

bloodstream.

Most of our conscious activity happens in our

prefrontal cortex, the part of our brain responsible

for focus, handling short-term memory, solving

problems, and moderating impulse control. It’s at

the heart of what makes us human and the center

for our executive control and willpower. ①A 2007

article in the Journal of Personality and Social

Psychology detailed nine separate studies on the

impact of nutrition and willpower. ②In one set,

researchers assigned tasks that did or did not

involve willpower and measured blood-sugar levels

before and after each task. ③Subsequent studies

showed the impact on performance when two

groups completed one willpower-related task and

then did another. ④Between tasks, one group was

given a glass of lemonade sweetened with real

sugar and the other was given a placebo,

lemonade with calorie-free sweetener. ⑤The

placebo group had roughly twice as many errors

on the subsequent test as the sugar group.

(12강 6번)


1) (B)-(A)-(C)2) ④3) ④4) ④5) ③6) ①7) ⑤8) ④9) ③10) (C)-(B)-(A)-(D)11) ③12) (B)-(A)-(C)13) ⑤14) ③15) ④16) (A)-(C)-(B)17) ③18) ③19) ⑤20) ③21) ④22) ③23) ②24) ④25) ④26) ③27) ⑤28) ②29) ④30) (C)-(A)-(B)31) ③32) ②33) (C)-(A)-(B)34) ③35) (A)-(C)-(D)-(B)36) (C)-(B)-(A)37) ③38) ③- 비슷한(-상이한)39) ②40) ④41) ③

인수(2) / 영김 -...

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