2

1. . . 484. . .

2.

http://microbiology.scu.edu.tw/micro/microbe-exp/exp_website/Sterile.htm

3. http://www.easychip.com.tw/equipment.html

1. autoclave

1211.2 kg / cm

1

2. Oven180 1-3

2

3. Larminar flow 0.3 m

99.97%

30-60 75%

ethanol 10

3(Class )

(Class )

pathogen trap filter

(Class )

3

4.

1 5PP

PP

0.0001 micron90%

2

(

)

3 < 1 cfu / ml1ppb

18.2Mcm25

4

( 5-15M,25) ( 18.2M,25)

5

5.

PH

ELISA

(PCR) (PCR) Real-Time PCR

Auto Sequncer

-70

6

1.

(1) 70%

(2) (Larminar flow)

a.

b. c.

d.

10~20

e.

10

300~350 3000~3500

2000

70% 75%

(3)

2(Sterilization)

mediaContainersInstruments

(endospore)

(virus)

(1) Dry heat

a. Red heat in the flame~

(incubation needle)(incubation loop)

(agar)

b. Flaming after dipping in ethanol~

glass

spreader 75%

c. Hot air oven~

180

petri-dish

pipettetest tubeflask

mineral oil

40~50

(2) Wet heat

a. Boiling water bath~ 5-10

b. Autoclaving~ 100 121

1.2kg/cm2 10~20

(serum)(antibiotic)(saccharides)

(amino scids)(vitamins)

(3) Filtration~(filter)

(serum)(antibiotic)(saccharides)

(amino scids)(vitamins)

millipore membrane 0.45mm 0.22mm

7

(4) (Irradiation) ~ -

(Ultraviolet)-

2500~2600A

(5) ~

(denature)

a. -70~75 %

(beaker)(flask)

b. HgCl2

c. -HCHO

d. -

1.

2. 121 , 15lb, 20

oven

3.

4. pasteur pipet170 , 4

5. 10% hypochloride

121 , 15lb, 20