集水區整體調查規劃參考手冊
DESCRIPTION
集水區整體調查規劃參考手冊TRANSCRIPT
-
I
1-1
1-1 1-1 1-2 1-1 1-3 1-1 1-4 1-2
2-1 2-1 2-1 2-2 2-1 2-3 2-3 2-4 2-3 2-5 2-5 2-6 2-5 2-7 2-6 2-8 2-7 2-9 2-7
3-1 3-1 3-1
3-1-1 3-1 3-1-2 3-2 3-1-3 3-3 3-1-4 3-5 3-1-5 3-6 3-1-6 3-6
-
II
3-1-7 3-7 3-1-8 3-7 3-1-9 3-8 3-1-10 3-8
3-2 3-9 3-2-1 3-9 3-2-2 3-9 3-2-3 3-10 3-2-4 3-11 3-2-5 3-12 3-2-6 3-12 3-2-7 3-12 3-2-8 3-13
4-1 4-1 4-1 4-2 4-4 4-3 4-10
4-3-1 4-11 4-3-2 4-13 4-3-3 4-14 4-3-4 4-16 4-3-5 4-17 4-3-6 4-18
5-1 5-1 5-1
-
III
5-2 5-1 5-3 5-1 5-4 5-2
6-1 6-1 6-1 6-2 6-1 6-3 6-3 6-4 6-4 6-5 6-6 6-6 6-7 6-7 6-8 6-8 6-10 6-9 6-10 6-10 6-10
7-1 7-1 7-1 7-2 7-1 7-3 7-2
8-1 8-1 8-1 8-2 8-1
9-1 9-1 9-1 9-2 9-1
10-1
-
IV
10-1 10-1 10-2 10-2 10-3 10-3 10-4 10-4 10-5 10-7
() -1 () -1 () -1 () () -1 () -1 () -1 () -1
-
V
2-1 2-1 2-2 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-4 2-5 2-5 2-7 3-1 3-2 3-2 3-10 3-3 3-14 3-4 3-14 3-5 3-14 3-6 3-15 3-7 3-15 3-8 3-15 3-9 3-16 3-10 3-16 4-1 C 4-3 4-2 n 4-5 4-3 4-9 4-4 4-16 5-1 5-3 6-1 6-2 6-2 6-5 6-3 6-6 6-4 6-8
-
VI
7-1 7-2 8-1 8-2 8-2 8-2 10-1 10-6
-
VII
0-1 -2 3-1 3-3 4-1 4-4 4-2 4-11
-
-1
1
2
1.
2.
3. 5,000
-
-2
3.
3 0-1
0-1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
1. 2. 3.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
-
-3
4
1-1 1-2 1-3
2-1 2-2
2-2-1 2-2-2 2-2-3 2-2-4 2-2-5 () 2-2-6
2-3 2-4
2-4-1 2-4-2
2-5 2-5-1 2-5-2 2-5-3
-
-4
2-6 2-6-1 2-6-2 2-6-3 2-6-4
2-7 2-7-1 2-7-2 2-7-3
2-8 2-9
3-1
3-1-1 3-1-2 3-1-3 3-1-4 3-1-5 3-1-6 3-1-7 3-1-8 3-1-9 3-1-10
-
-5
3-2 3-2-1 3-2-2 3-2-3 3-2-4 3-2-5 3-2-6 3-2-7 3-2-8 3-2-9 3-2-10
4-1 4-2
5-1 5-2 5-3
6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6
-
-6
6-7 6-8
6-8-1 6-8-2
7-1 7-2
8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4
9-1 9-2
10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5
-
1-1
1-1
1. 2. 3.
1-2
1-3
1.()
2. 1/10,000 1/5,000 1/25,000 1/50,000
-
1-2
1-4 3 4
-
2-1
2-1
1. 1/10,000 1/5,000 1/25,000 1/50,000
2.()()
3. 4.
2-1
() ()
2-2
1.()
-
2-2
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
2-2
1
2
()
-
2-3
1
2
2-3 ()
1.
2. 3.()()
4.1/10,000~1/5,000
2-4
-
2-4
1.( 15 )( 10 30 25 100 )
2. 15 3.
4.
2-3
() () ()
(
) 1
(
) 1
1
-
2-5
2-5
1. 2. 3.
2-4
()
2-6
-
2-6
1.
2. 1/10,000 1/5,000
2-7 () GIS
1.
2.()
-
2-7
2-5
(
)
2-8
2-9
1.
2.
-
2-8
3.
4.
5.
-
3-1
3-1
1. 2. 3.
3-1-1
1. 2.
3. 10 10 4. 1/10,000 1/5,000
5. 3-1
-
3-2
3-1-2
1. A B [()] (1)
(2)
(3)
(4) 2.
ABC D A B C D 3-1 3-1
3-1
(
)
2H< 1H< A B C D HH 5~2 HH 3~1 C D
-
3-3
(1) H H 2H (..) A
(2) H 2H B
(3) H 2H(.) 1H3H 2H5H C
(4) D 5. 3-2
3-1
3-1-3
-
3-4
1.
2.
3.[()] (1)GPS
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5) 1/5,000 1/25,000 GPS (TW67)
(6)
4. 3-3
-
3-5
3-1-4
1. 2.( 5,000 )
3.
4.[()] (1)
()
(2)()()
(3)()()
(4)()
-
3-6
(5)
5. 3-4
3-1-5 ()
1.
2.()[()]
3.[()]
4. 3-5
3-1-6
1.
-
3-7
2. 3. 37
3-1-7
1.
2.
3.()
4. 3-6
3-1-8
-
3-8
1.
2. 3.
3-1-9 1./10,0001/5,000
2. 3. 3-7
3-1-10
1.
2. 1/5,000 1/25,000
3.
-
3-9
4.
5.
6. 3-8
3-2 3-2-1
3-2-2
1. 88 921 90 93 88 90 93
2...
-
3-10
3... 3-2
3-2 () (m) 1 (m) 2 (m)
60 2 0.5 1.25 1 2Khazai and Sitar (2003) 4.
3-2-3
-
3-11
1.
2.
3.(90 )
4.
3-2-4
()()
1.
2...
3.
-
3-12
.. 4.
3-2-5
3-2-6
1.
2. 3.
4.
3-2-7
-
3-13
3-2-8
1.
2.
3.
-
3-14
3-3
X Y
3-4
X Y 1/25000
(1)(2)(3)
3-5
X Y
(1)(2)(3)
-
3-15
3-6
X Y
(1)(2)(3) (4)(5)(6)(7)(7)(8)
3-7
X Y
(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)
3-8
X Y
-
3-16
3-9
X Y
3-10
X Y
(1)()(2)()(3) (1)()(2)(3)() (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)
-
4-1
4444-1
1.
2. 17 1,000 1,000 (Rational Formula)
3.
AICQ tp 503601
= (4.1)
pQ =(cms )C =(
18 ) 50tI =A=( ha ) (1)( 50tI )
16
-
4-2
2560
50
)()50log( IBtAHGI
cc
t+
+= (4.2)
22560 )09.029.25( PPI+
= 2)31.096.189
(P
PA+
=
55=B 2)45.171.381
(P
PC+
= 2)33.189.42
(P
PG+
=
2)83.133.65
(P
PH+
= P =( mm ) ct =
(2)(C )
C C C 1.0 C 4-1
(3)( ct ) 19 ( ct )
'ttt oc += (4.3) vt o /l= (4.4)
ct =() ot =()() 't =()()l =() ( 100)v =( 0.3~0.6 m/sec)
-
4-3
4-1 C
0.75~.090 0.70~0.80 0.50~0.75 0.45~0.60 0.75~0.95
(1) 1.00 0.95 0.95 0.90 1.00 (2) 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.95
4. bT pQ pT
( 4-1)
prpb
c
cp
p
ep
TTTTLHW
WLT
TDT
TRAQ
67.2
72
6.02
208.0
6.0
=+=
==
+=
=
(4.5)
eR (mm) pT
( hr ) rT ( hr ) pQ (cms )
cT ( hr ) bT ( hr ) L( km )H ( km )W ( hkm / ) A( 2km )( cT )(D)(a) cT 6hrD1hr(b)3hr cT 6 hrD0.8hr(c)1hr cT 3 hrD0.4hr(d) cT 1hrD0.15hr rT 1 eR 10
-
4-4
Re
D
TpT
D/2 0.6TcQ
Tr
Qp
4-1
4-2 ..
1.
2. 50
3.
ps QQ )1( += (4.6) = 5%10% 50%(2005)
-
4-5
4. (1)
2/13/2 SRn
AQs = (4.7)
AR(= PA / P)Sn 200500 ( 0.3~1.0m S 1/100 30~100m )
(4.7)n 3-1-5 4-2 Open Channel Hydraulicsnn
4-2 n
1 Meyer-peter Muller(1948) 0.01216 6/190d 2 Lane-carlson(1953) 0.0156 6/175d 3 Keulegam(1949) 0.0238 6/190d 4 Einstein(1950) 0.0132 6/165d 5 Strickler(1923) 0.015 6/150d 6 0.0654 6/150d
(2)HEC-RAS
-
4-6
10
HEC-RAS
ehgV
yZgV
yZ +++=++22
222
22
211
11
(4.8)
Z = =y =
V = eh = 1 2 (4.12)HEC-RAS (standard step method)
5.(2005)
-
4-7
(1)( DC )
( )( )
tantantan
=
ws
wDC (4.9)
= oo 48~26 = s = w =
*9.0~3.0 C ( *C =0.6~0.75)(4.9)(4.9)(4.9)5~10
(2)( DQ )
pD
D QCCCQ
=
*
* (4.10)
DQ =(cms ) (3)( Dh )
( Dh )
5/32/1 )(
o
DDD SB
Qnh = (4.11)
-
4-8
oS = tanoS
tanoS ( =) Dn = 1.0=Dn ~0.06 06.0=Dn ~0.03
03.0=Dn B =
( ED )
(4)( DU )
2/13/2
D
1oDD Sh
nU = (4.12)
(5)( ED )
( maxD )()( 3-1-5 )
dD
DoE hCC
CD
=
*
(4.13)
)0.3,2.0min(5.0 mBDm E (4.14) ED = o =
4-3
-
4-9
4-3
o =1.01.0 o =1.00.5
1.0 o =1.21.5
(Shields formula)
)(sin
=
s
wS
hD (4.15)
ES DD (4.16) wh = =( 0.05) ( 55)(grid type open dam)
0.2/ >Sop Db (4.17)
-
4-10
opb =
6.
HEC-RAS
4-3
1.(sediment yield)()()() 4-1
2.(sediment flow-out) 4-1
3.(sediment budget)(control volume)
-
4-11
4-2
4-3-1
USLE
1.(Universal
Soil Loss Equation USLE) PCSLKRA mmm =
(4.18) mA =(/-) mR =(106-/--) mK =(---/106---)L =S =C =P =
2.
()
()
-
4-12
3.
USLE ( mR ) 30EI mR
Wischmeier (1958)30Wischmeier and Smith(1958)
Ie 10log0873.0119.0 += hrmmI 76< (4.19) 283.0=e
hrmmI 76 (4.20) e =(MJ-mm) I =(mm/ hr)E (MJ / ha)P (mm)
= PeE (4.21) ( R )( E )
-
4-13
( 30I )
30IERm = (4.22) (1996)Brown and Foster(1987)
]72.00.1[ 05.029.0I
ne
e
= (4.23) e = (MJ / ha-mm)en =2.718285()
12.7mm 15 6.35mm 6
4-3-2
1.
-
4-14
2.
llADV = (4.24)
l
V =l
A =()D = 3-3
4-3-3
1.(bed load)(suspended load) ( 0.062 mm )(wash load) 71
)(4383.0 41.1 cb qqSq = (4.25) 156.1710259.1 = SDq gc (4.26)
3/12
])1/([ g
DDg
=
(4.27)
-
4-15
Schoklitsch
)(2500 5.1 cs
s qqSq = (4.28)
6/7
2/33/5)(26.0
SDq osc
= (4.29)
bq =( mcms / ) sq ( mkg sec// )S =(%)q =( mcms / )
cq =( mcms / ) gD =
D ( m ) 50D =
( 3/ mkg ) 2650 3/ mkg =( 3/ mkg )
20 1000 3/ mkg =( sec/2m )
20=1.010-6 sec/2m g=( 2sec/m )
g=9.8 2sec/m s ( 3/ mN ) ( 3/ mN )
oD ( mm ) 50D
bs qq = (4.30) sq =( mcms / ) =(7.09.0)
BqQ bT )1( += (4.31)
ppTp QQQQ )1( +=+= (4.32) =
-
4-16
2.
(4.10) 4-4 4-4
(1980)
L )(m B )(m A )( 2km Q
)(cms H )(m Vs )( 3m
Innes
(1983)
Vs )( 3m A )( 2m
(1998) 56.0140418AVs = ()
Vs )( 3m A )( 2km
4-3-4
1. 2. 50 3. 4-3-1 4.
HQAHBLVs == 21
21
33
3862.11
0329.0 AVs =
61.070992AVs =
-
4-17
5.(4.24) 300 ()
6.(4.10) 4-4
4-3-5
1.() 2. 50 3.
(1) (2)
4.
(1)(4-10) (2) 4-3
5.
-
4-18
4-3-6
1.
(1)
(2)(50 )
(3) (4) (5)()=-
+-
2.
-
5-1
5-1
5-2 [()]
5-3
1.
2. 5-1
-
5-2
5-4
-
5-3
5-1
1.
-
6-1
6666----1 1 1 1
1.
2.( 6-1 )()
6666----2222
1.
2. 30 70
3. 4.
5.
-
6-2
6-1
TWD67 ()
/
()
X Y
-
6-3
6666----3 3 3 3
1.
2.
() ()
()
() ()
-
6-4
6666----4 4 4 4
1.
2. 6-2
3.
4.
5.( 6-3)
-
6-5
6-2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. (1) 15
(2)
(3) 5~15
(4)
(5)
(6) 5
6.
-
6-6
6-3
1.
2. o15 3. V
1. 2. 3. 4.
1.
2. o5 ~ o15 3. 4. 5.
1.()
2.
1.
2. o5 3. 4.
1. 2. 3.
1. 2.
1. 2.
6666----5 5 5 5
-
6-7
6666----6666 ( 6-4)
(1)
(2) (
)
(3)
(4)
(Ecotone)
-
6-8
(5)
(6)
6666----7 7 7 7
1. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
6-4
(1)
-
6-9
(2) (3)
(1)
(2)
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
2. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
3.
-
6-10
6666----8 8 8 8
6666----9999
6666----10101010
1. 2.
3. 1/10,000 1/5,000
-
7-1
7-1
1.
2.
3.
7-2
1.
2.
-
7-2
7-3
1.
2.
3. 7-1
7-1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
-
7-3
7-1 ()
1. 2. 3. 4.
1. 2.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
-
7-4
7-1 ()
1. 2.
-
8-1
8-1
1.
2.
3. 8-1 8-2
8-2
1.
2. 1/10,000 1/5,000
-
8-2
8-1
TWD67
X Y ()
8-2
TWD67
X Y ()
-
9-1
9-1
9-2
-
10-1
10-1 (complete ratio)
1.
ZXYXCR(%)
= (10.1)
XZY
2.
3.
spso
s
SSSS(%)CR soS
= (10.2)
soS
( 921 ..) spS
sS
4.
-
10-2
spso
s
QQQQ(%)CR soQ
= (10.3)
soQ ( 921 ) spQ sQ
5.
spso
soG G
G(%)CRGGs
= (10.4)
soG
( 921 ) spG
sG
6.
GQS CR15.0CR35.0CR5.0CR(%) ++= (10.5)
10-2
1.(10.1)Y
ZXYXCR(%) f
= (10.6)
fY
-
10-3
fY
fY
fY
10-3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
-
10-4
8.
9. 10-1
10-4
1.
2. (1)
(2) (3) (4)
3.
(1)
-
10-5
(2)
(3) (4) (5)
4.
()
5. 20%
-
10-6
10-1
1.=1,320 (2006)
2. 20 /
()
() 5 /10 / () 921 20 () ()()()
()
() 75~150 ()
(()) 200~500 350/ (1)() cms (2)() cms (1) ()
(2)() ( 5~10%)
3000 /
==*
20% 20%
-
10-7
10-5
1.
(1) A. X(%)(
10%) X(%)
B. X%( 50 ) X/[(1+X)50-1]
C. D. 0.12%0.5% 0.62%
(2) 3.0%
2.
CBI = (10.7) I=B=C=
-
()
-
()
-1
()
TWD67
X Y
() ()
()
()
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ____________ )
(m) m m m
m m m ()________
:
-
()
-2
()
() ()
____________ ____________( ) () ()
______________
()
A B C D
()
A B C D
A B C D
-
()
-
()
-1
()
TWD67
X Y
(m)
(ha)
()
30 30~7.5 7.5
( < 10%) 10% < 30% 30% < 80% 80%
()
()
()
-
()
-2
______________
X Y
()
() 1. 15 515 5 2. _______ 1. 3. _____ _______
2.
3. ____________
-
()
-3
()
1/5,000 1/25,000 GPS
-
()
()
-
()
-1
()
() () ()
X Y ()
()
()
() ()
m m
m m
m m
() ()
m m
m m
m m
()
_____________
-
()
-2
A 10 B 10 10~25 C 10~25 D
1. 15 515 5 2. 1. 3. _____ _______
2.
3.
()
-
() ()
-
()
-1
() ()
m m
X Y X Y (TWD67)
X Y
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
()
TM2
X Y
m m
m ()
()
() m
()
-
()
-
()
-1
TWD67 GPS (EL)
X Y
( )
-
()
-
()
-1
93
93
()
1 2
1
1. 1. 2. 3.1/50,000 4. 2. 1. 2. 3. 4.1/50,000 3. 1.1/50,000 2. 4. 1.() 2.3.1/50,000 5. 1.2.1/50,000
(93 )
-
()
-2
2
P = 0 ( 0 ) P < 3 (10) 3 P < 20 (30)
20 P (35)
B = 0 ( 0 ) B < 3 (10) 3 B < 20 (20)
20 B (25)
(2) (5) (2)
(5)
D < 1 (0) 1 D < 3 (4) 3 D < 10 (6) 10 D < 20 (8)
20 D (10)
(10) (6)
(3)
(0) (2) (3)
(5)
(93 )
()
1/50,000 1/25,000 GIS 3
-
()
-3
3
S 15 (20) 15 < S 30 (40) 30 < S 40 (60) 40 < S 55 (80)
(
S)
55 S (100)
S= =(- )/
(93 )
()
4
4
(20) (40) (60)
80
(80)
(0)
20
(20)
(93 )
()
-
()
-4
5 1/50,000 1/5,000 GIS
5
P20 (100)
20P < 40 (80)
40P < 60 (60)
60P < 80 (40)
(P)
80P100 (20)
P (/
)
(93 )
()
(Rm)(Km) 6
-
()
-5
6
Rm < 10000 (10) 10000 Rm < 20000 (20) 20000 Rm < 30000 (30) 30000 Rm < 40000 (40)
(
Rm)
50%
40000 Rm (50)
Km < 0.02 (10) 0.02 Km < 0.027 (20) 0.027 Km < 0.035 (30) 0.035 Km < 0.045 (40)
(
Km)
50%
0.045 Km (50)
(93 )
()
7
7
C < 0.06% (20) 0.06% C
-
()
-6
()
1,420 8
8
20 1 3
( 40) 4 6
( 60) 7 9
( 80)
10 () ( 100)
A
B
AB
+
+
= 100*60*30*
A
( ) 20100
20-* +=AB
-
()
-7
9
%
1 40 2 2 5 3 3 5 4 4 10 5 5 10 6 6 15 7 7 15 8
-
()
-
()
-1
-
()
-2