新课标人教版课件系列 《高中英语》 选修 ( 模块） 7- 3.5. under the sea grammar...

新课标人教版课件系列

《高中英语》

选修 ( 模块） 7-3.5

Under the seaUnder the sea

GrammarGrammar

--- V ing--- V ing

Under the seaUnder the sea

GrammarGrammar

--- V ing--- V ing

一 : V-ing 形式由 “ do ＋ ing” 构成，其否定形式是 “ not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。

Grammar

V-ing 形式

　语态时态

主动形式 被动形式

一般式

完成式(not) doing (not) being done

(not)having done

(not)having been done

二 : V-ing 可作主语、宾语、表语 ; 定语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独作谓语。

V-ing 形式表示的动作与主要动词同时发生或发生在主要动词之后，用其一般式 ; V-ing 形式表示的动作在主要动词之前发生，用其完成时，在具体应用中也常以一般式代替完成式。

V-ing 的用法： 1. 作主语 ★ Swimming is good for health.

★ ___________ (raise) your hat to a

a lady is good manners .

对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。 ★ ____________ (kill) by sharks in

the sea is a common thing .

Raising

Being killed

2. 作表语 ☆ Teaching is learning.

教学相长． ☆ My hobby is __________ (make)

model planes.

☆ What worried the child most was

_________ (not, allow) to visit his moth

er in the hospital .

making

not being allowed

1). V-ing 形式和不定式都可表示比较抽象的一般性的行为；而表示具体的某次动作，尤其是将来的动作时，多用不定式。

To obey/Obeying the law is everyone’

s duty.

大家注意了！大家注意了！

2). V-ing 形式和不定式都要有对称性 ; 当主语是不定式时，表语也用不定式；反之，当主语是 V-ing 形式时，表语也用 V-in

g 形式。 To see is to believe.

= Seeing is believing.

注意

3). It’s no use (good) doing sth

It’s a waste of time doing sth

it 作形式主语 , 只用 V-ing, 不用不定式。 ※ It is + adj. + (for sb ) to do sth

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

覆水难收。 It is a waste of time ___________ (talk) to him .

It is important for me _______________ (learn) English .

talking

to learn

3. 作宾语 V-ing 形式既可作动词的宾语 , 也可作介词的宾

语。 ★ We would appreciate hearing from you ． 我们会珍惜你的来信。 ★ The bird escaped ______________ (catch)

.

★ I feel like __________ (join) the army.

★ He was afraid of ____________

(abandon) by us.

being abandoned

being caught

joining

注意： 在 avoid, admit, appreciate, complete,

consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, fi

nish, forgive, imagine, mind, miss, pract

ise, risk, suggest, give up, put off, feel li

ke, insist on 等后只接 V-ing 形式作宾语。

4. 作定语

＊ The girl standing there is my sister .

＊ This is a piece of __________ (surprise) news .

＊ The problem____________ (discuss) now is very imp

ortant.

＊ The farmers ____________ (work)

in the fields are tired .

surprising

being discussed

working

5. 作状语

◆ Hearing the good news , he jumped with joy .

◆ He sat at the table , __________ ( read ) China Daily .

◆______________ (ask) to answer the question, she couldn’t refuse.

◆__________ ( work ) hard , you will succeed .

reading

Working

Being asked

6. 作宾语补足语 :

● I saw people coming and going in

the street .

● I heard her ___________ (sing) a

song in her room.

● You’ll find the topic _____________

(discuss) everywhere now.

being discussed

singing

Compare !

7.--- Ving 一般时和一般时的被动形式 ;

1) He hurried home , looking behind

from time to time .

2) The building being repaired is our

dormitory .

--- Ving 的完成时和完成时的被动形式1) Having lit a candle , she went out.2) Having been asked to stay , I couldn’t leave .3) Having heard this , our teacher expressed her satisfaction .

Think and compare! Think and compare!

8. 在绝大数情况下，的逻辑主语是句子的主语，但有时前可有一个名词或代词表示视神经逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的称为独立结构。

The meeting being over, we all lef

t the room and drove home.　 会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走

了。

It being a holiday, all the shops wer

e shut.

由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。

The heavy frost coming on , dead le

aves lay thick on the ground.

浓霜降临，枝叶满地。

9. 有少数并不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度。

Generally speaking, the novel is not v

ery inspiring. 总的来说，这部小说并不感人。 Judging from what you say, he ought

to succeed.

从你说的情况看，他应能成功。

Practice1. --- What made Bill so angry?

--- ___. His girl friend promised to

come at 8:30, but she hasn’t come yet.

A. Having kept waiting

B. Being kept waiting

C. To be kept waiting

D. Being kept waited

B

2. The building ___ in our school is

for us teachers. Though there’s

noise most of the day, we still feel

happy about it.

A. built

B. having been built

C. to be built

D. being builtD

3. The squirrel was lucky that it just

missed ___.

A. catching

B. to be caught

C. being caught

D. to catch

C

4. While shopping, people sometimes

can’t help ___ into buying

something they don’t really need.

A. to persuaded

B. persuading

C. being persuaded

D. be persuaded

C

5. ___ many times, the boy still

didn’t know how to do the exercises.

A. Having taught

B. Having been taught

C. taught

D. Teaching

B

6. _________ the whole story, Jane d

ecided not to see the film.

　 A. Having been told 　　　 B. Having told

　 C. Been told 　　　　　　 D. Telling

A

Fill in the blanks :

1._________ (turn) to the right , you will

find the place you want .

2. ___________ (ask) to put on performance , she refused .

3. _______________ (finish) his work , Henry went home .

4. ________ (learn) new words is useful.

Turning

Being asked

Having finished

Learning

5. He disliked _____________ (interrupt)

in his experiment .

6. I apologize for ________________

(not, wait) for you .

7. _________________ (not, receive) an

answer , I wrote to him again .

8. ____________________ (give) such

a good chance , you should catch it .

being interrupted

not having waited

Not having received

Having been given

9. I didn’t mind ___________ (leave)

at home .

10. The house wants _________ (clean).

11. He came in without _________ (ask).

12. ________________ (show) around

the library , we were taken to see

the lab.

being left

cleaning

being asked

Having been shown

巩固练习：

1. I can hardly imagine Peter ____

across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

A. sail B. to sail

C. sailing D. to have sailedC

2. — The light in the office is still on.

— Oh, I forgot_____

A. turning it off

B. turn it off

C. to turn it off

D. having turned it off

C

3. I would appreciate ____ back this

afternoon.

A. you to call

B. you call

C. your calling

D. you’re calling

C

4. How about the two of us ____ a

walk down the garden?

A. To take B. take

C. taking D. to be takingC

5. — I must apologize for ____ ahead

of time.

— That’ all right.

A. letting you not know

B. not letting you know

C. letting you know not

D. letting not you know

B

6. — You were brave enough to raise

objections at the meeting.

— Well, now I regret ____ that.

A. to do

B. to be doing

C. to have done

D. having doneD

7. He has always insisted on his ___

Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner.

A. been called

B. called

C. having called

D. being calledD

8. Do you mind ___ alone at home?

A. Jane leaving

B. Jane having left

C. Jane’s being left

D. Jane to be left

C

9. She looks forward every spring

to ___ the flower-lined garden.

A. visit B. paying a visit

C. walk in D. walking inD

10. Once your business becomes

international, ___ constantly will be

part of your life.

A. you fly B. your flight

C. flight D. flyingD

11. While shopping, people sometimes

can’t help ___ into buying something

they don’t really need.

A. to persuade

B. persuading

C. being persuaded

D. be persuaded

C

12. — What do you think made Mar

y so upset?

— ___ her new bicycle.

A. As she lost

B. Lost

C. Losing

D. Because of losing

C

13. — Let me tell you something

about the journalists.

— Don’t you remember ___the

story yesterday?

A. told B. telling

C. to tell D. to have told

B

14. One learns a language by making

mistakes and ___them.

A. correct B. Correcting

C. corrects D. to correct

B

15. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and

____.

A. he’d like to collect coin as well

B. he feels like collecting coins, too

C. to collect coins is also his hobby

D. collecting coins also gives him

great pleasure

D

巩固练习 :

16. The secretary worked late into the

night, ___ a long speech for the preside

nt.

A. to prepare B. preparing

C. prepared D. was preparing

B

17. ___ your homework, you mustn’t

listen to music.

A. When do

B. When to do

C. When doing

D. When you doing

C

18. The visiting minister expressed his

satisfaction with the talks, ___that he h

ad enjoyed his stay here.

A. having added B. to add

C. adding D. addedC

19. ___ the idiom, he looked it up in

the dictionary.

A. Not learning

B. Never having learned

C. Having not learned

D. Having never learned

B

20. It rained heavily, __ severe flooding

in the country.

A. causing B. to cause

C. caused D. having caused

21. Any driver ___ a license ought to be

punished.

A. doesn’t have B. having not

C. has not D. not having

A

D

Finish all of the Grammar exercises o

n the workbook.

Homework