GrammarGrammar

课标人教实验版高一 Module 4

Unit 4

一 : V-ing 形式由 “ do ＋ ing” 构成 ,

其否定形式是 “ not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语 , 没有人称和数的变化 , 但有时态和语态的变化。

一 : V-ing 形式由 “ do ＋ ing” 构成 ,

其否定形式是 “ not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语 , 没有人称和数的变化 , 但有时态和语态的变化。

Grammar

V-ing 形式V-ing 形式

　语态时态

主动语态 被动语态

一般式

完成式(not) doing(not) doing (not) being done(not) being done

(not)having done(not)having done

(not)having been done(not)having been done

V-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。 V-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。

1. 作定语 V-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰

语 , 这时有两种情况。1) -ing 形式表示 “供作 ...... 之用”的意思 ,

这类作定语的 -ing 形式过去叫动名词。 A swimming pool

= a pool for swimming

1. 作定语 V-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰

语 , 这时有两种情况。1) -ing 形式表示 “供作 ...... 之用”的意思 ,

这类作定语的 -ing 形式过去叫动名词。 A swimming pool

= a pool for swimming

A sleeping carA sleeping car = a car for sleeping= a car for sleeping

2) -ing 形式表示 “ ...... 的” 意思 , 过去叫现在分词 A sleeping child

working people

the rising sun

-ing 形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后 , 相当于一个定语从句。如 :

They are visitors coming from several

countries.

The boy standing there is a classmate

of mine.

2. 作状语 可以表示时间 , 原因 , 结果 , 条件 ,

行为方式或伴随动作等。

2. 作状语 可以表示时间 , 原因 , 结果 , 条件 ,

行为方式或伴随动作等。

Using your head, you’ll find a good

way. 条件

1) Four people entered the room looking

around in a curious way.

= Four people enter the room and looke

d around in a curious way.

( 伴随动作 )

2) Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV se

t.

1) Four people entered the room looking

around in a curious way.

= Four people enter the room and looke

d around in a curious way.

( 伴随动作 )

2) Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV se

t. ( 原因 )

3) Working hard, you’ll surely

succeed. 条件4) The boy sat in front of the farm-

house, cutting the branch. 伴随

5) He came running back to tell me the

news. 方式

6) (When) Hearing the news, he got f

rightened.

= When he heard the news, he got fri

ghtened.

( 时间 , 可以在分词前保留 when )

6) (When) Hearing the news, he got f

rightened.

= When he heard the news, he got fri

ghtened.

( 时间 , 可以在分词前保留 when )

7) The child slipped and fell, hitting

his head against the door. 结果

Attention Please

-ing 形式作状语时 , 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。

Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the

whole city.

　 ( 分词的逻辑主语是 time , 而句子的主语是 I , 两者不构成主谓关系 , 所以只能用独立主格结构 , 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。 )

the British ladythe Columbian

the Japanese the Canadian

You see her step back appearing surprised.

His nose touches Mr. Cook’s moving hand.

You see her step back appearing

surprised.

= You see her step back and she appears

surprised.

They also express their feelings using

unspoken language.

=They also express their feelings by

the way of using unspoken language.

His nose touched Mr. Cook’s moving

hand.

=His nose touched Mr. Cook’s hand

which is moving.

= They are visitors who come from

several countries.

They are visitors coming from several

countries.

= This is an experience which is exciting.

This is an exciting experience.

1. When he approached Ms Smith, he

touched her shoulder and kissed her.

______ ___________ Ms Smith, he

touched her shoulder and kissed her.

Rewrite the following sentences.

When approaching

2. The person who is translating the songs

can speak seven languages.

The person _________ ___ ______can

speak seven languages.

translating the songs

3. The boy standing there is reading a

book about body language.

The boy ____ __ ________ there is

reading a book about body language.

who is standing

4. Because he comes from Jordan, he

moves close to ask you a question.

_______ _____ Jordan, he moves close

to ask you a question.

Coming from

5. She sat at the desk and did her

homework.

She sat at the desk ______ ____

__________.

doing her

homework

Using structures

hold… in arms, cry, appear sad

The woman holds her son in arms, crying and appearing very sad. The woman cries loudly, holding her son in arms.

box, hit on the face , move, steps

The two boxing men try to hit the other

on the face, moving their steps carefully.

ski, laugh, exciting

Mickey and Mimi are skiing down the

hill, laughing all the way. What an

exciting scene it is!

dance, sing, raise arms up, amazing music

Mickey and Mimi are dancing to amazing music, singing and raising their arms.

Koala Bear, carry, climb, search for food

Carrying her little baby on the back, the mother Koala Bear climbs up the trees, searching for food.

1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell

you what I think of it.

2. The men worked for extra hours got an

extra pay.

3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find

the city more beautiful.

4. Generally speak, facial expressions are

helpful communications, too.

Not having

working

Seeing

speaking

单句改错

5. “ Can’t you read?” the man said,

angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.

6. Knocking at the door before entering,

please.

7. European football is played in 80

countries, made it the most popular sport

in the world.

pointing

Knock

making

1. The stranger said something in a

_______ voice and the little girl was very

much ________

A. frightening, frightened

B. frightened, frightening

C. frightening, frightening

D. frightened, frightened

Choose the best answer.

2. ________the piano, someone suddenly

knocked at the door.

A. Playing

B. When I was playing

C. Repairing

D. Examining

3. Mother caught the boy ______ in the

corner.

A. smoke B. to smoke

C. being smoked D. smoking

4. ______ the programme, they have t

o stay there for another 2 weeks..

A. Not completing

B. Not completed

C. Not having completed

D. Having not completed

5. “We can’t go out in this weather”,

said Bob, ____ out of the window.

A. looking B. to look

C. looked D. having looked

6. Though _____ money, his parents

managed to send him to university.

A. lacked B. lacking of

C. lacking D. lacked in

7. The bell _______ the end of the period

rang, ______ our heated discussion.

A. indicating; interrupting

B. indicated; interrupting

C. indicating; interrupted

D. indicated; interrupted

8. _______ such heavy pollution

already, it may now be too late to

clean up the river.

A. Having suffered B. Suffering

C. To suffer D. Suffered

9. He looked around and caught a man

______ his hand into the pocket of a

passenger.

A. put B. to be putting

C. to put D. putting

10. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden

carriage _____ the girl and took her

away, ____ into the woods.

A. seizing; disappeared

B. seized; disappeared

C. seizing; disappearing

D. seized; disappearing

11. ______in the queue of half an hour.

Tom suddenly realized that he had left

his wallet at home.

A. To wait B. Have waited

C. Having waited D. To have waited

12. The picture _____ on the wall is

painted by my nephew.

A. Having hung B. hanging

C. hangs D. being hung

13. Generally speaking, ______

according to the directions, the drug has

no side effect.

A. when taking

B. when taken

C. when to take

D. when to be taken