201226172-moringa-tsp-preso.ppt
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oringa Uses and
Cultivation
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Basic information
• Scientific name- Moringa Oleifera• Moringa is an ideal plant to grow indoors or in
your own backyard
• Moringa doesn’t like the cold and loses it leaves
in the winter
• There are about 1 !1"# Species of Moringa
• Moringa grows in a variety of climates and
substandard soils$ and it is fast growing%• & fully mature Moringa tree can grow to "' feet%
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Basic Information (Continued)
• p(% )%"-*%+$ well-drained sandy or loamy soil• Minimum annual '+mm with ma,imum at
over "$+++mm% n waterlogged soil the roots
tend to rot%• Temperature ranges are '-"' degrees.elsius !**-/' degrees 0ahrenheit#$ but thetree will tolerate up to 2 degrees%
• 3ithin three years a tree will yield ++-)++pods annually and a mature tree can produceup to 1$)++ pods%
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Nutrition value
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• The seeds contain edible, medicinal oil.
• High protein content is found in the leaves,bark, seeds, and stems. There are uniquepolypeptides found in seeds, and high sugarand starch content of the entire plant.
• The leaves are used for cooking, in soups,
and salads, and are a good source ofvitamins A, B, and C, minerals, and aminoacids.
• The young, green, tasty pods can be cookedand eaten like green beans.
• To eat the seeds, rst boil them for a feminutes, drain, and remove the hull. !at
hen still green.
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• The dry seeds can be ground to a powder and used for seasoning
sauces.
• The roots from young plants can also be dried and ground for useas a hot seasoning base with a flavor similar to that of
horseradish. A tasty hot sauce from the roots can also be prepared
by cooking them in vinegar.
• The flowers can be eaten after being lightly blanched or raw as a
tasty addition to salads.
• The resin from the trunk of the tree is also
useful for thickening sauces.
uses#
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"oringa %il&A kernel has an oil content of about '(). This oil is a brilliant
yello. $t is used for lubrication of ne atches, because it has
little tendency to deteriorate and become rancid and sticky."oringa oil is useful as cooking oil. $t can absorb and retainvolatile substances, and is used in making natural perfumes forstabili*ing scents. The seed oil of "oringa containsappro+imately - ) saturated fatty acids and ( ) unsaturated
fatty acids. $t has a particularly high level of oleic acid /01 )2%ther vegetable oils normally contain only about '1 ) oleic acid.
3ater 4urication& The press cake obtained as a by5product of the oil e+traction
process has a high level of proteins that can be used as a non5to+ic,natural polypeptide for sedimenting mineral particles and organicsin the purication of drinking ater, or cleaning of vegetable oil, orsedimenting bers in the 6uice and beer industries. %nly one seed isrequired per liter of slightly contaminated ater, or to seeds for
very dirty ater.
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Propagation
• 4row in pots first$ thentransplant
• 5irect seedling on field
• 4rowing from cuttings !n pots
or plant directly in the field%#
• Spacing6 0or intensive Moringa
production$ plant every " meters in
rows spaced " meters apart%
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Germinating Seeds
• Soak the seeds for hours
• 7ut the seeds in a plastic sandwich bag
and store in nursery or cabinet%
4ermination times range from "-1 days
• 5o not let the shoots get too long
• f you are planting more than one tree$space the plants *-1+ feet apart
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PINCHING THE TERMINA TIPS!
• 3hen the seedlings reach a height of )+cmin the main field$ pinch !trim# the terminalgrowing tip 1+cm from the top%
• 3hen the new shoots reach a length of
+cm$ cut these back to 1+cm%• f the pinching is not done$ the tree has a
tendency to shoot up vertically and grow tall$
like a mast$ with sparse flowers and a fewfruit found only at the very top%
• &llow only -' robust branches to grow%
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"atering
• Moringa trees do not need muchwatering% n very dry conditions$ water
regularly for the first two months and
afterwords only when the tree is obviously
suffering% Moringa trees will flower and
produce pods whenever there is sufficient
water available%
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#erti$i%ing
• Moringa trees will generally grow well
without adding very much fertili8er%
Manure or compost can be mi,ed with the
soil used to fill the planting pits%7hosphorus can be added to encourage
root development and nitrogen will
encourage leaf canopy growth%
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PESTS AN& &ISEASES
Moringa is resistant to most pests% n verywater-logged conditions$ 5iplodia root rot canoccur%
.attle$ sheep$ pigs and goats will eat Moringaseedlings$ pods and leaves% 7rotect Moringa
seedlings from livestock by installing a fence% & living fence can be grown with Jatrophacurcas$ whose seeds also produce oil whichis good for soap-making% 0or mature trees$
the lower branches can be cut off so thatgoats will not be able to reach the leaves andpods%
Termites can be a problem$ especially when
cuttings are planted%
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Har'esting
0or humanconsumption$harvest when thepods are stillyoung !about
1cm in diameter#and snap easily%Older podsdevelop a toughe,terior$ but thewhite seeds andflesh remainedible%
9eaves may beharvested everyweek oncemature%
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Har'esting (continued)
• n some cases$ it maybe necessary to propup a branch that holdsmany pods to prevent
it breaking off • 0or leaf harvesting$
older leaves must bestripped from thestems% These olderleaves are more suitedto making dried leafpoder
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&ring te ea'es
• 7lace fresh
leaves in tray
and keep indrying bo, for
-" days
!depending on
temperatureand moisture#
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Po*der for
Capsu$e and Tea
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Thank you
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