apffd mongolia 2008

8/14/2019 APFFD Mongolia 2008

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Local Authority:

Central govt. still concerns about all of the mentioned above in order tomaintain the harmonization of all regions performance

Education ; Health; Public Works; Housing; Landscaping ; Development Planning; Transportation; Environment; Lands Management; Population and Civil Administration; Woman Empowerment & Children

Protection; Family Planning & Family Welfare; social; Man Power and Transmigration affairs; Co-operation and Small and middle

enterprises; Investment;

1. Culture and Tourism ;

2. Youth and Sport;3. National Resilience and internal politics

affairs ;4. Regional autonomy, general Government,

local finance administration, local

government institution, local civilservant administration, & Sandi affairs;5. Community and Village Development;6. statistic;7. Archive Affairs8. Library;9. Communication and information;10. Agricultures and food resilience ;

11. forestry;12. Energy and mineral resources;13. Fishery and marine resources;14. Trading15. Industry.


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The Important Role of Local

Government

- To formulate and decide the agendas of localdevelopment.

- To decide budget allocation. Through fiscaldecentralization policy, local government hasright/authority to decide the using of money in orderto realize their own local agendas.

- Especially for local (executive) political official

(governor/regent/major) has right to postbureaucracy officials.- To decide the local natural resources (exploitation)

management.- In general: local government is the key factor to

realize the achievement of MDGs in Indonesia.


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Who Are Local Government?

Executive officials: governor and his/her

administrative supporting staff at provincial level, as

well as Bupati/Regent and Major and his/her

administrative supporting at regency/ municipality

level. Governor/ Bupati/ Major is a political official

(elected through popular vote).

Local council: composed of politician from multiparty system, elected by people through party-slate.


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Best Practice Cases Regarding MDGs

There are strong efforts to achieve MDGs particularly regardinghealth and education in a few local governments such as Jembrana(Bali) in field health, Sragen (Central Java) in field public one stop

public services, Tarakan City (East Kalimantan), and GorontaloProvince.

- In political arena, there are opportunities for women to activelyparticipate in decision making process. Multi party system is anopen arena to have women involve in the political party at locallevel (local council members) as well as at national level. Moreover

there is an affirmative action law (legislative election law) thatenforces minimum 30% women (compulsory) to running forlegislative members.

- In formulating development agenda from the grass root level(villages) so called musyawarah perencanaan pembangunan(musrembang) / participatory development planning or people

consultation for development planning, women participation is alsowelcome. Stakeholders including women group are invited to


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Gender Equality

Number of Public Servants in important positions

3,09510,783Echelon V

47,348167,099Echelon IV

7,44447,587Echelon III

75510,485Echelon II

63590Echelon I

FemaleMenRank

Source : Dept. of Woman Empowerment, 2005

This shows that thenumber of woman thatsit in the positions ofdecision maker is noteven half the mans


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Women in Legislative, Executive, andJudicative.

In the period 1992-1997, the number of woman in The house ofRepresentatives is 12 %, in period 1999-2004 is 9,9 %, and

this latest period of 2004-2009 is 11,6 %. The representation of women in The House of Regional ofRepresentatives (DPD) which was established in 2004 ismerely 21 %.

Women in the Government Public Services whom assigning inthe main positions such as echelon I, II, and III is only 12 %.

in 2004, Women in the Judicative Institution is only 20 % forjudges and 18 % for Judges in the Supreme Court.

In Regional Autonomy era, a Woman was elected as Governorof Banten, Vice Governor of Middle Java, and several womanelected as Bupati/Major in several district.


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450

421390

373

334

307

225

275

325

375

425

475

1986 1992 1994 1995 1997 2002-3

YEAR

MMR

Trend of maternal mortality

ratio, Indonesia

Source: 1986: HHS 1992: HHS 1994: DHS 1995: HHS 1997-2002-3: DHS


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AngkaKematian Bayi

68

57

46

40,8

33,9

29,425,7

22,520,7

18,3 17 15,5 15,5

35

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 2021 2025kematianbayiper1.0

00kel.hidup

Tren AKB Proyeksi AKB (BPS)

Target MDG: 23

Sasaran RPJM: 26

Sasaran RPJP: 15,5

.

INFANT MORTALITY RATES


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Hypothetical Frame Work to Achieve

MDGs

- If all local governments apply down the bestpractices, MDGs could be easily achieved

- Very much depends on commitment, consistency,integrity, and people welfare oriented of localgovernment officials.

- Very much depends on good governance practice in

the region (transparency, accountability, and cleangovernment)

- Control/supervise by national government

- Community participation.


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Problems

Two levels autonomy: provincial and district(region/municipality) --> lack of coordination, and inefficiencyof bureaucracy in the regions (most budget spent to fund

unproductive local institutions). Intervention of political interest into local government

bureaucracy. Local natural resources management without: (1) value

added for local community and local government as well, (2)sustainable development principle.

Corruption Cultural handicap: women are not allowed to participate in

political arena, including the expression of women freedomonto public sphere.

Popular vote system: money politics, results in recruitingcandidate who are not credible. When they becomes thedecision maker, the developments in regions are self profit-oriented, getting the money back used in the campaign -->Poor Public Facilities


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How DPD RI Role in Achievement of

The MDGs Target

1. Supervising Central Government as well

as Local Government in implementingIDG/MDGs; (budget Plan for Education, Health,

Woman Empowerment.

2. Bridging Central Government and LocalGovernment in attaining the IDG &

MDGs Target


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What Next?

Need national guideline on local budget allocation as well as in the making oflocal regulations in order to achieve MDGs

Supervision of local authority on budget allocation, implementation of localdevelopment agendas, formulation of local regulations, natural resourcesmanagement, and the placement of proper bureaucracy aparaturs, by nationalgovernment and DPD as well.

Separation of local bureaucracy and elected political official (could be one ofsubstantial issues regarding the revision of local government law).

Strengthening the capacity of local civil society groups to monitor the localgovernment performance

Revising law on local government to have a single level autonomy

Formulating special law on local election by having a proper conditions tominimize the worse adverse impact.

Enhancing women participation on public sectors. As International Affairs is not part of the regions authority, if regions proactively

seek for International Aids (such as UNICEF, WHO, etc) in relation to theimplementation of MDGs, it should be collaborated with the central govt.,otherwise International Aids should be directly distributed to regions.


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Thank you

apffd mongolia 2008

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