bang bao cao thuc tap

Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C LI CM N.

Sau mt thi gian thc tp v tm hiu v tnh hnh hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my x l kh Dinh C, trc thuc Cng ty TNHH ch bin v kinh doanh cc sn phm kh (PVGAS). Tuy thi gian ngn nhng vic thc tp ti y gip chng em cng c c phn kin thc trng. Qua cng b sung nhng hiu bit v thc t hot ng sn xut, chc nng nhim v ca tng phn xng trong nh my. Vic hon thnh bi bo co ny s hon chnh v h thng lai kin thc ca nh trng. Bi bo co thc tp c s c hon thnh chnh l nh s hng dn nhit tnh ca thy Ths. Mai Xun Ba. Cm n thy hng dn chng em a nhng l thuyt vo thc t v gip chng em thm t tin khi i thc tp ti c s. Bn cnh l s h tr khng km phn quan trng ca ban lnh o v cc cn b cng nhn vin ti nh my x l kh Dinh C. Em xin cm n cc anh ch mc d rt bn rn vi cng vic nhng tn tnh ch dn chng em a nhng kin thc hc vo thc t. ng thi, thu thp nhng ti liu c lin quan n chuyn thc tp em c th hon thnh bi bo co ny. Mt ln na em xin cm n v chc qu thy, cng ban lnh o nh my x l kh Dinh C di do sc khe v hon thnh tt cng tc ca mnh.

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C LI GII THIU.

Khng ring g Vit Nam, hin nay trn th gii vn nng lng rt c quan tm v ch trng pht trin. Bi nng lng lun c xem l huyt mch ca mt quc gia, n tc ng tch cc n vic pht trin kinh t cng nh quc phng. Vit Nam l quc gia giu tim nng v du kh, tuy ch mi bc u khai thc v pht trin, tim nng v khai thc v ch bin du cha tht s pht trin. Tuy nhin, nn cng nghip kh Vit Nam cng t c nhiu kt qu to ln, p ng c nhu cu tiu dng trong nc. c s u t v quan tm c bit ca chnh ph Vit Nam, nng lng ni chung v nng lng kh ni ring pht trin vi tc kh nhanh v bn vng. Thng 10 nm 1998, nh my x l kh Dinh C i vo hot ng, nh du bc pht trin vt bt ca ngnh cng nghip kh Vit Nam. Nh my x l kh Dinh C trc thuc cng ty PV GAS l n v trc thuc tp on du kh quc gia Vit Nam (PETROVIETNAM) hot ng trong lnh vc vn chuyn, ch bin v kinh doanh cc sn phm kh. L ni ch bin v cung cp ton b cc sn phm kh cho ton khu vc min nam, cng nh trn ton quc. Cng ty khng ngng pht trin nhm nng cao cht lng sn phm, n nh th trng, p ng nhu cu tiu th trong nc cng nh xut khu. Phn u tr thnh n v i u trong vic pht trin kinh t, xy dng t nc ngy mt phn vinh.

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C

CC K HIU V THIT B DNG TRONG BO CO. - Ch AMF (Ablolute Minium Facility): Cm thit b ti thiu tuyt i. - Ch MF (Minium Facility): Cm thit b ti thiu. - Ch GPP (Gas Processing Plant): Cm thit b hon thin. - Ch MGPP (Modified Gas Processing Plant): Ch GPP sa i.

CC THIT B TRONG NH MY. STT 1 2 3 4 Tn thit b Slug Catcher (SC) V-02 V-03 V-05 Bnh thu hi sn phm nh thp C-02. Tch cc hydrcacbon nh hp th trong dng lng. Bnh thu hi sn phm nh thp C-03. Hp ph hi nc bo ho tn ti trong dng kh 5 V-06 A/B (Hai thp hp ph v gii hp hot ng lun phin). 6 V-07 Thit b tch lng trc khi i ra thnh kh thng phm. Tch cc hydrocacbon lng cn li do SC tch khng ht. Bnh tch lng c trong sn phm nh thp C-01. Bnh tch lng trc khi qua my nn K-02. Bnh tch lng trc khi qua my nn K-03. Bnh tch kh ln trong sn phm y ca thp C01. Bn cha Propane / Butane thng phm. Bnh tch lng. Chc nng Tch th nguyn liu u vo.

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

V-08 V-12 V-13 V-14 V-15 V-21 A/B V-101

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Bo co thc tp: 14 15 16 17 C-01 C-02 C-03 C-04

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C Thp tch Etane. Thp thu hi Bupro. Thp tch C3 v C4. Tch nc v cc hydrocacbon nh ln trong dng lng. Tch phn lng ngng t do s gim p t 109 bar xung 47 bar. Gin n kh t 109 bar 33,5 bar v nn kh sn phm ln 47 bar trc khi xut ra (Turbo Expander). Bm dng hi lu v thp C-02. Bm dng hi lu v thp C-03. Van gim p xung 54 bar. My nn kh t 29 bar 47 bar. My nn kh t 47 bar 75 bar. My nn kh t 75 bar 109 bar. My nn dng kh hi lu t C-05 v V-06 A/B. My nn dng kh u vo qua SC ln 109 bar. B ho dng v n nh p sut cho thp C-01. Thit b gia nhit cho thp C-01. H thng qut mt bng khng kh cho sn phm nh i ra t thp C-02. Thit b gia nhit n 135oC cho thp C-02. Thit b trao i nhit ca dng lng ra t y thp C-02. Thit b gia nhit n 20oC cho V-03. Thit b trao i nhit. Thit b lm lnh bng khng kh cho dng lng i

18

C-05

19

CC-01

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

P-01 P-03 PV-106 K-01 K-02 K-03 K-04 K-1011 EJ-01 E-01 E-02 E-03 E-04 E-07 E-08 E-09

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C ra t thp C-02.

36

E-10

Thit b cp nhit bng du nng n 97oC cho C03. H thng qut mt bng khng kh cho sn phm nh i ra t thp C-03. H thng gim nhit n 45oC. H thng qut mt bng khng kh. Thit b lm lnh. H thng qut mt bng khng kh. H thng gim nhit n 60oC. Thit b trao i nhit. H thng qut mt bng khng kh. Thit b lm lnh. H thng qut mt bng khng kh.

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59

E-11 E-12 E-13 E-14 E-15 E-17 E-18 E-19 E-20 E-1011 FV-1001 FV-1201 FV-1301 FV-1701 FV-1802 F-01 ME-21 ME-24 ME-25 ME-26 TK-21 P-21 A/B P-23 A/B

Van tit lu.

Thit b lc bi bn c th sinh ra sau khi qua V-06 A/B.

Thit b o lng v mt s thng s khc.

Bn cha Condensate thng phm. Bm xut LPG. Bm vn chuyn Condensate.

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C CHNG I.

TNG QUAN V NH MY X L KH DINH C (GPP). I.1. Gii thiu v nh my. Nh my x l kh Dinh C c xy dng ti X An Ngi, Huyn Long in, Tnh B Ra-Vng Tu. Nh my GPP cch tnh l 44 khong 700 m (B Ra - Long Hi) v cch Long Hi 6 km v pha bc. y l nh my c xy dng vi quy m to ln vi din tch 89,600 m2 (di 320 m, rng 280 m). Thng 10 nm 1998, nh my x l kh Dinh C bt u hot ng, vi mc ch x l v ch bin kh ng hnh c cng sut khong 1,5 t m3 kh/nm (khong 4,3 triu m3 kh/ngy). Nguyn liu ca nh my l kh ng hnh t m Bch H ngoi khi b bin Vng Tu, c vn chuyn qua ng ng 16(16 inch) ti Long Hi vi p sut kh ti nh my l 109barG. Sau khi x l th sn phm ca nh my l LPG v Condensate (Nh my c th tch ring sn phm Propane v Butane cho khch hng), lng kh cn li lm nguyn liu cho nh my in, m B Ra v Ph M. T nm 2002, nh my tip nhn thm lng kh t m Rng ng tng cng sut ln 5,7 triu m3 kh/ngy, p sut u vo b st gim xung cn 70barG, nn nh my t thm trm my nn u vo nng p ln 109barG nh thit k. Nm 2003, nh my lp t thm cm my bm cng sut ln bn cnh h thng bm condensate c, nhm vn chuyn ton b lng Condensate t nh my x l kh Nam Cn Sn ti kho cng Th Vi.

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Bo co thc tp: I.2. Nguyn l vn hnh.


Ngun kh m ca nh my t m Bch H v Rng ng ph thuc vo vic khai thc du th, do c s chnh lch gia nhu cu tiu th kh kh v lng kh m cung cp. V vy, vic vn hnh nh my tun th mt s th t u tin sau: - u tin cao nht l p ng nhu cu tiu th kh ca cc nh my in, m. Nu lng kh tiu th cao hn lng kh cung cp th u tin vic cung cp kh hn thu hi phn lng. - u tin thu hi ti a sn phm lng. - u tin tip nhn ton b lng kh m t ngoi khi cp vo. Nu lng kh tiu th thp hn lng kh cung cp, lng kh d sau khi x l s c t b. I.3. Cc ch vn hnh. Nh my c thit k nhm m bo hot ng 24/24 vi 4 ch vn hnh: - Ch AMF (Absolute Minium Facility): Cm thit b ti thiu tuyt i. Bao gm 2 thp chng ct,3 thit b trao i nhit, 3 bnh tch thu hi khong 340 tn condensate/ngy. - Ch MF (Minium Facility): Cm thit b ti thiu. Ch ny bao gm cc thit b trong ch AMF v b sung thm 1 thp chng ct, 1 my nn pittong, 3 thit b trao i nhit, 3 bnh tch thu hi hn hp BUPRO (butane v propane) khong 630 tn/ngy v khong 380 tn condensate/ngy. - Ch GPP (Gas Processing Plant): Cm thit b hon thin. L ch lm vic hon chnh nht, thu hi 540 tn propane/ngy, 415 tn butane/ngy, 400 tn condensate/ngy. GPP bao gm cc thit b ca MF b

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Bo co thc tp:


sung thm 1 turbo expander, my nn pittong 2 cp, 2 thp chng ct, cc thit b trao i nhit, cc qut lm mt v cc thit b khc. - Ch MGPP (Modified Gas Processing Plant): Ch GPP chuyn i. Ch MGPP c b sung thm trm my nn kh u vo ca nh my, nhm gii quyt vic gim p do tng lu lng kh ng hnh tip nhn t m Rng ng. Lng sn phm ca nh my cng tng ln, kh kh khong 4,8-5,2 triu sm3/ngy, LPG khong 1000-1100 tn/ngy, condensate khong 350 tn/ngy. Hin nay, nh my vn hnh theo ch GPP chuyn i, ch chuyn sang ch MF hoc AMF khi xy ra s c hoc bo dng sa cha thit b. I.4. Nguyn liu v sn phm. I.4.1. Nguyn liu. Nguyn liu u vo ca nh my l kh ng hnh ( kh thu c t qu trnh khai thc du). Kh nm trong du m c p sut cao nn chng ha tan mt phn trong du. Khi khai thc ln p sut gim nn kh c tch ra thnh kh ng hnh. Lng kh ng hnh i vo nh my thu t m Bch H v mt s m khc. Sau kh c dn vo b theo ng ng kh cao p c ng knh 16 v nh my. Lu lng thit k ban u ca nh my l 4,3 triu m3 kh/ngy. Hin nay, do tip nhn lng kh t m Rng ng nn lu lng hin ti ca nh my l 5,7 triu m3 kh/ngy.

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Bo co thc tp:


Bng 1.1. Thnh phn kh nguyn liu (Ly mu ngy 21/12/2005). Tn mu STT Tn cu t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 N2 CO2 Methane Ethane Propane i-Butane n-Butane i-Pentane n-Pentane Hexanes Heptanes Octanes H2O (g/m3) H2S (ppm) Tng cng % mole 0,144 0,113 78,650 10,800 6,601 1,195 1,675 0,297 0,257 0,157 0,084 0,026 0,000 16,000 100 % mole 0,129 0,174 74,691 12,359 7,404 1,535 2,191 0,549 0,592 0,385 0,135 0,220 0,120 10,000 100 % mole 0,123 0,044 74,430 12,237 7,133 1,576 2,283 0,604 0,664 0,540 0,271 0,094 0,113 10,000 100 Kh Bch H Kh Rng ng Kh v b

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Bo co thc tp: I.4.2. Sn phm.


- Kh kh thng phm: Cung cp cho nh my in m, nh my cn thp, nh my sn xut gm,Thnh phn ch yu ca kh kh thng phm ch yu l Methane, Ethan. Ngoi ra cn c cha Propane, Butane v mt s tp cht khc nh Nitrogen, Carbondioxide vi hm lng cho php. Bng 1.2. Ch tiu k thut ca kh kh thng phm. Ch vn hnh Ch tiu AMF Lu lng (triu m3/ngy) p sut (kPaG) Nhit (0C) im sng nc (oC) im sng HC (oC) 3,95 4.700 20,9 15 MF 3,67 4.700 27,2 4,6 GPP 3,44 4.700 56,4 6,6 GPP hin ti 4,7 52 55

20,3

-10,7

-38,7

- LPG: Ch yu l Propan v Butan hoc hn hp Bupro. c ng dng lm nhin liu, nguyn liu cho sn xut vt liu xy dng, tng hp hu c. Hin nay, LPG do nh my x l kh Dinh C sn xut, p ng khong 30-35% nhu cu th trng LPG Vit Nam. Lu lng t 750-850 tn/ngy.

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C Bng 1.2 Ch tiu k thut ca BUPRO. Ch vn hnh

Ch tiu AMF Sn lng (tn/ngy) p sut (kPa) Nhit (0C) MF 640 GPP GPP hin ti

1.300

47,34

Bng 1.4. Ch tiu k thut ca Propane. Ch vn hnh Ch tiu AMF Sn lng (tn/ngy) Hiu sut thu hi (%) p sut (kPa) Nhit (0C) Hm lng C4+ max (%) MF GPP 535 GPP hin ti

85,2 1.800 45,57 2,5

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C Bng 1.5. Ch tiu k thut ca Butane. Ch vn hnh

Ch tiu AMF Sn lng (tn/ngy) Hiu sut thu hi (%) p sut (kPa) Nhit (0C) Hm lng C5+ max (%) MF GPP 415 GPP hin ti

92

900

45

2,5

- Condensate: l hn hp ng th dng lng, c mu vng rm, gm hidrocacbon c phn t lng ln hn Propan v Butan, hp cht vng, nhn thm. T condensate, chng ta c th lm nhin liu (nh cc loi xng M92, M95), l nguyn liu sn xut dung mi v tng hp Ho du. Hin nay, Condensate ca nh my c vn chuyn n nh my x l Condensate v c s dng ch yu pha ch xng.

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Bo co thc tp:


Bng 1.6. Ch tiu k thut ca Condensate. Ch vn hnh Ch tiu AMF Lu lng (tn/ngy) p sut (kPa) Nhit (0C) Hm lng C4 max (%) MF GPP GPP hin ti

330

380

400

800

45

2

I.5. S b tr thit b. Da vo cc yu t an ton, vn hnh, lp t v m rng nh my. Cc thit b nh my c chia thnh 6 khu vc, nhm phc v cho tng ch vn hnh v m bo cho nh my vn hot ng trong khi ang lp t, trong qu trnh sa cha hay qu trnh bo dng. 1. Khu vc slugcatcher (Inlet Area). 2. Khu vc cng ngh (Process Area). 3. Khu vc ph tr (Utilities Area). 4. Khu vc Flare (Flare Area). 5. Khu vc cha sn phm (Storage Area). 6. Khu vc xut sn phm (Export Area).

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C CHNG II: M T CNG NGH.

II.1. CC CH VN HNH CHNH CA NH MY. II.1.1. Slug catcher. Hn hp kh v Condensate t ngoi m vo, c a n SlugCatcher ( SC-01/02) phn tch Condensate v nc t kh, di p sut 65-109bar (tu theo lu lng) v nhit 20-300C (tu theo nhit mi trng) . H thng Slug Catcher bao gm hai dy ng, mi dy c dung tch 1400m3. Kh phn tch c gp li ti u gp 30 v a n cc thit b ch cng ngh tip theo. Nc c a ra t thit b Slug Catcher c iu chnh bi thit b o mc LIC 0112 & 0122 dn vo bnh tch nc V-52 ( nc c gim p n p sut kh quyn v hydrocacbon b hp th s c gii phng, ri a ra h thng uc), nc s c a n Burnpit (ME-52) t. ch d hot ng bnh thng, c 2 h thng SC s u hot ng t c cng sut cao nht. Trong trng hp cn bo dng, sa cha mt h thng, th h thng cn li c c lp hot ng nh cc cp van tay trn ng kh vo v ra ca Slug Catcher. II.1.2. Ch hot ng AMF. II.1.2.1. Thit b hot ng. Ch AMF theo thit k l ch vn hnh nh my ban u vi cc thit b ti thiu, nhm cung cp kh cho cc h tiu th v khng ch trng vo thu hi sn phm lng. Gm: Slug catcher, bnh tch 3 pha V -03, bnh tch lc V-08, thit b ha dng v n nh p sut Ejector ( EJ-01A/B/C ), thp tch tinh C-05, thp tch C-01, 1 thit b trao i nhit E-04, thit b trao i nhit bng khng kh E-09, bnh tch V-15 v mt s thit b khc. II.1.2.2M t cng ngh .

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Bo co thc tp:


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Bo co thc tp:


Kh ng hnh m Bch H vi lu lng kh m khong 4,3 triu m3/ngy c a ti Slug Catcher ca nh my bng ng ng 16 vi p sut 109 bar, nhit 25,6 0C. Ti y, Condensate v kh c tch ra theo cc ng ng ring bit tip tc x l, nc c trong Condensate c tch nh trng lc v a vo bnh tch nc (V- 52) x l. Ti y, nc c lm gim ti p sut kh quyn v hydrocacbon b hp th s c gii phng a ra t h thng uc, nc sau c a ti hm t (ME- 52). Dng lng i ra t Slug Catcher (SC) c gim p v a vo bnh tch V-03 hot ng 75 bar v c duy tr nhit 200C. V-03 c nhim v: Tch hydrocacbon nh hp th trong lng nh gim p. Cng vi vic gim p sut t 109 bar xung 75 bar, nhit cng gim thp hn nhit hnh thnh hydrate nn trnh hin tng ny, V-03 c gia nhit n 200C bng du nng nh thit b gia nhit E-07. Sau khi ra khi V-03 dng lng ny c trao i nhit ti thit b E-04A/B, nhm tn dng nhit v lm mt cho dng condensate thng phm. Dng kh thot ra t Slug Catcher c dn vo bnh tch lc V-08 tch trit cc ht lng nh b cun theo dng kh do SC khng tch ht, v lc cc ht bi ln trong kh (nu c) trnh lm h hng cc thit b sau. Kh t u ra ca V-08 c a vo thit b ha dng EJ-01 A/B/C gim p sut t 109 bar xung 47 bar. Vic gim p ny c tc dng ht kh t nh thp C-01. Dng ra l dng 2 pha c p sut 47 bar v nhit 200C cng vi dng kh t V-03 ( gim p) c a vo thp C-05. Nhim v ca EJ-01 A/B/C l gi p sut lm vic ca thp C-01 n nh. Thp C-05 hot ng p sut 47 bar v nhit 200C. ch AMF phn nh ca thp hot ng nh bnh tch kh lng thng thng. Thp C-05 c nhim v tch phn lng ngng t do s st p ca kh t 109 bar xung 47 bar, khi qua EJ-01 A/B/C. Dng kh i ra t nh thp C-05 c a ra ngLp: DH08H2 Page 16

Bo co thc tp:


kh thng phm cung cp cho cc nh my in. Lng ti y C-05 c a vo a th 1 ca thp C-01. Ch AMF thp C-01 c hai dng nhp liu: - Dng lng t V- 03 vo a th 14 ca thp C-01. - Dng lng t y ca thp C-05 vo a trn cng ca thp C-01. p sut hi ca condensate gim i v c iu chnh trong thp C-01 nhm mc ch: ph hp cho cng vic cha trong bn cha ngoi tri. Vi ngha , trong ch AMF thp C-01 hot ng nh l thp n nh Condensate. Trong , phn ln hydrocacbon nh hn Butan c tch ra khi Condensate nh thit b gia nhit E-04A/B n 1940C. Kh ra nh thp c nhit 640C c trn vi kh nguyn liu nh EJ-01 A/B/C. Dng Condensate y thp c trao i nhit ti E-04A/B v c lm lnh bng khng kh E-09 gim nhit xung 450C trc khi ra ng ng dn Condensate v kho cng hoc cha bn cha TK-21. II.1.2.3. Qu trnh x l Condensate . p sut ca bnh tch 3 pha V-03 c iu chnh 75 barG bng van iu p PV-1209, c lp t trn ng ng dn kh V-03 ti u ca thp C-05 (Rectifier). Nhit u ra van iu p PV-1209 l khong 3oC, thp hn nhit to thnh hydrate (16,5oC) nn c kh nng hydrate s c to thnh khi i qua van iu p. Tuy nhin, n s b t tan do thp C05 (Rectifier) trong ch hot ng ny c nhit vn hnh ln hn 20oC. Condensate t V-03 c chuyn n thp tch ethane C-01 (Deethanizer), sau khi c gia nhit t 20oC n 101oC trong thit b trao i nhit E-04A/B (condensate Coss Exchanger) vi mt dng nng 194oC i t thp tch ethane C-01. Mc ch chnh ca thit b trao i nhit ny l tn dng v thu hi nhit t dng nng, trnh hin tng to hydrate u ra ca FV-1701 (trong qu trnh gim p t p sut vn hnhLp: DH08H2 Page 17

Bo co thc tp:


ca V-03 xung 20 barG) bng cch duy tr nhit hot ng 72oC, cao hn nhit to thnh hydrate (11,6oC) trong iu kin ny. II.1.2.4. H thng Ejector. i vi qu trnh x l kh t Slug Catcher trong ch hot ng AMF, cc thp hp ph loi nc V-06A/B (Dehyration Adsorber) s khng vn hnh. Kh t SC s c a ti h thng Ejector EJ-01A/B/C (Jet Compressor). Qua thit b ny p sut gim t p sut vn hnh ca SC xung 45 BarA. Mc ch ca h thng Ejector l nn kh i ra t nh thp tch ethane C-01 t 20 BarA n 45 BarA, v vy p sut ca thp tch C-01 c gi 20 BarA. H thng Ejector bao gm 03 Ejector, cng sut ca mi Ejector ln lt l 50%, 30% v 20% lu lng dng i qua Ejector. Van iu p (PV-0805) trn ng Ejector bypass c cng sut khong 30% tng th tch dng ra, c th iu chnh p sut ca thp tch ethane C01 20 BarA bng cch cho bypass 1 phn dng kh qua Ejector khi cng sut ca h thng Ejector duy tr p sut C-01. Khi cng sut ca h thng Ejector nh hn cn thit, lng kh d t thp tch ethane s c x ra h thng uc qua van iu p (PV-1303B). V vy, h thng tch ethane c bo v khng c hin tng qu p. II.1.2.5. Thp tch C-05 Rectifier . Dng kh t h thng Ejector v dng kh t bnh tch V-03 c chuyn n a th nht ca thp C-05 (Rectifier), tch lng ra khi kh nhit 20,7oC v p sut 45 barA c iu chnh bi thit b iu chnh p sut (PIC- 1114A) lp t trn ng ng dn kh thng phm. Phn nh ca thp C-05 lc ny c tc dng nh mt bnh tch lng hi (GasLiquid Seperator).

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Trong ch hot ng AMF, Turbo-Expander (CC-01) v thit b trao i nhit kh lnh/kh (E-14) khng c a vo hot ng. Do vy, dng kh t nh thp tch C-05 c chuyn n ng ng dn kh thng phm thng qua van PV-1114A c lp t trn ng ng, iu chnh p sut u ra ca nh my khong 45 barA. Dng lng t y thp C-05 c iu khin thng qua thit b iu chnh dng (FIC-1201) cng vi thit b iu chnh mc cht lng (LIC1201A), a vo a u tin ca thp tch Ethane (C-01). II.1.2.6. Thp tch Ethane . Trong ch ng hot ng AMF, thp tch ethane (C-01, Deethanizer) c hai dng nguyn liu u vo, l dng lng i ra t bnh tch V-03 v dng lng i ra t y thp tch tinh C-05 (Rectifier). Dng lng i ra t thp tch tinh C-05 c a vo a u tin ca thp tch ethane C-01 bao gm 80% phn mol cht lng v ng vai tr nh dng hi lu ngoi cho qu trnh chng ct. Dng lng i t bnh tch V-03 c a vo a th 14 ca thp tch ethane C-01, (i vi ch hot ng MF v GPP th a vo a th 20). p sut hi ca condensate c iu chnh trong thp C-01 xung thp hn p sut kh quyn lu tr trong cc bn cha thng thng. Trong trng hp ny, thp tch ethane c tc dng nh mt thp n nh condesate, ti thp ny hu ht cc hydrocacbon nh hn butan c tch ra khi Condesate thng qua vic cung cp nhit cho cc reboiler E-01A/B ln ti 194oC. Dng kh i ra t nh c nhit l 64oC c trn vi dng kh thng phm bng h thng Ejector. II.1.2.7. Thit b chnh p sut kh . Trong ch hot ng AMF, ti u vo ca nh my khng lp t thit b iu chnh dng hoc p sut t ng. p sut ti u ra nh my

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c iu chnh bng van iu p (PV-1114A) lp t ti u ra ca nh my trong trng hp lng kh tiu th ln hn lng kh cung cp. Khi lng kh tiu th nh hn lng kh cung cp, th mt lng kh s c em t qua van iu p (PV-1114B). V vy, trong c hai trng hp trn p sut u ra ca nh my c duy tr n nh. Thng thng kh u vo nh my c p sut 109 barA c a vo h thng Ejector, p sut u ra khi h thng Ejector vo khong 45 BarA, bng p sut u ra ca nh my. Khi p sut kh u vo nh my thp hn 109 BarA, hoc kh cung cp t gin khoan t hn so vi cng sut ca nh my th h thng Ejector c th khng hot ng ht cng sut, v vy p sut ca thp tch ethane c th tr nn cao hn 20 BarA. Trong trng hp ny, mt trong ba Ejector ca h thng Ejector c cng sut ph hp nht s c la chn, sau p sut u vo nh my t t tng ln v t gn 109 BarA v ng thi p sut ca thp tch ethane cng c iu chnh 20 BarA. Nu trong s la chn trn, h thng Ejector vn khng th hot ng ht cng sut, th mt lng kh d c th t ng c a ra t qua van iu p (PV-1303B), c lp t trn ng dn ng kh i ra t thp tch ethane. Sau qu trnh x l trn, kh thng phm v condensate l hai sn phm chnh ca nh my. II.1.3. Ch hot ng MF. II.1.3.1. Thit b. y l ch hot ng trung gian ca nh my bao gm cc thit b ca ch AMF (tr EJ-01A/B/C) v c b sung 1 s thit b sau: - Thp n nh condensate: C-02. - Cc thit b trao i nhit: E-14, E-20. - Thit b hp ph: V-06A/B.Lp: DH08H2 Page 20

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- My nn: K-01A/B, K-04A/B. II.1.3.2. M t cng ngh. Dng kh t SlugCatcher c a ti bnh tch lc V-08 tch nc, hydrocacbon lng, du v lc cc ht rn, nhm bo v V-06A/B khi b h hng hoc lm gim hot tnh cng nh tui th. Sau khi c loi nc v cc hydrocacbon lng, dng kh ra t V06A/B s c lm lnh qua E-14,v E-20, v sau c tip tc a vo thp C-05 tch lng. Kh ra t nh thp C-05 c s dng nh tc nhn lnh bc mt cho dng nguyn liu ti E-14 (nhit gim xung -17oC) v c lm lnh bc hai ti van FV-1001 trc khi cung cp cho cc nh my in. Hai thp hp ph V-06A/B c s dng lun phin, khi thp ny lm vic th thp kia ti sinh. Qu trnh ti sinh c thc hin nh s cung cp nhit ca dng kh thng phm nng nhit ln 220oC, dng ra khi thit b V-06A/B c lm ngui ti E-15 v tch lng V-07 trc khi ra ng kh thng phm. Dng lng t Slug Catcher n V-03, sau khi ra khi V-03 s c gia nhit ti E-04A/B (t 20oC n 80oC) nh dng lng t y thp C-02 dn n thp C-01. Thp C-01 c 3 dng nguyn liu c a vo: - Dng kh t V-03 vo gia a th 2 v 3 ca thp C-01. - Dng lng t V-03 vo a th 20 ca thp C-01. - Dng lng t y C-05 vo a trn cng ca thp C-01. Ti y C1,C2 c thu c nh thp, sau c nn ln 47 bar nh K-01 trc khi a vo ng ng dn kh thng phm. Phn lng t y C-01 a n C-02 ( 11 bar, tonh 60oC, toy 154oC ), ti y C5+ s thu c y thp v dn vo thit b trao i nhit E-04A/BLp: DH08H2 Page 21

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gia nhit cho dng nguyn liu vo thp. Sau khi ra khi E-04A/B, dng lng s c lm lnh bng E-09 trc khi ra ng ng hoc vo bn cha Condensate thng phm TK-21. Dng hi ra khi C-02 l LPG, c ngng t ti V-02, mt phn hi lu tr li C-02 m bo hot ng ca thp, phn cn li theo ng ng dn sn phm LPG.

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II.1.3.3. Qu trnh lm kh v ti sinh cht hp ph. Trong ch hot ng ny, u tin dng kh t Slug Catcher c chuyn n thp loi nc v cc hydrocacbon lng ti V-08, sau c a vo mt trong hai thp hp ph loi nc hot ng song song V06A/B, tch nc c trong kh v cui cng, kh c loi nc i qua h thng lc F-01A/B. II.1.3.4. Qu trnh x l condensate. Vic x l Condensate trong ch hot ng MF cng tng t nh trong ch hot ng AMF, c mt s khc nhau gia hai ch hot ng l trong ch hot ng MF dng kh t bnh tch 3 pha c chuyn n thp tch ethane C-01, cn trong ch hot ng AMF th dng kh ny c chuyn n thp tch tinh C-05. p sut ca bnh tch 3 pha c iu chnh 75 barA bng van iu p (PV-1305A/B) c lp t trn ng ng dn kh ca n v trc u vo thp tch ethane a th 2 hoc th 3, nhit u ra van iu p l 7,9oC, thp hn nhit to thnh hydrate (13,4oC). V vy, hai van (PV1305A/B) c lp t, trong mt van d phng. Mc ch ca vic chuyn dng kh t bnh tch V-03 n thp C-01 l v dng kh ny c th c nc. V vy, kh thu c trong ch hot ng MF cng cha nc nu chuyn dng kh n thp tch C-05. Khi a kh t V-03 ti C-01 th kh s c hi lu li u vo nh my v nc s c x l y. Condensate t bnh tch nhanh c chuyn n thp tch ethane C-01, sau khi c gia nhit t 20oC ln 80oC trong thit b trao i nhit E-04A/B vi dng nng 155oC i ra t y thp C-02. Mc ch chnh ca thit b trao i nhit dng l tn dng, thu hi v gia nhit cho dng lnh trnh hin

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tng to hydrate u ra ca FV-1701. Khi p sut hot ng gim t 75 barA xung 29 barA, nhit hot ng c th duy tr 61oC (cao hn nhit to thnh hydrate 14oC) trong iu kin ny. II.1.3.5. Lm lnh kh v tch tinh. Khong mt na lng kh c tch nc c chuyn n thit b trao i nhit kh lnh/kh E-14 (Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger) lm lnh t 26oC xung -17oC bng dng kh lnh -18oC i t nh thp tch tinh C-05 (Rectifier), nhit u ra l -17oC ny l mt thng s quan trng trong qu trnh x l kh, nu n ln hn gi tr -17oC th khng thu hi c cht lng, v nu thp hn gi tr -17oC th hydrate c th c hnh thnh ti dng ra. V vy, nhit ny phi c iu chnh bng dng lnh ca thit b trao i nhit kh lnh/kh E-14 thng qua thit b iu chnh nhit TIC-1006, TICA-1009 (Temperature controller) c lp t trn u ra ca ng ng dn dng lnh, trnh hin tng nhit thp hn gi tr cho php (-10oC) bng cch gii hn dng bypass bi thit b iu chnh TY1006 (Low Slector). p sut ca dng kh nguyn liu c gim t 109 barA xung 47,5 barA thng qua van iu p FV-1001. Ti van ny kh c gin n on nhit, nhit ca kh gim xung n -35oC. Mt na lng kh cn li c lm lnh xung 19oC trong thit b trao i nhit kh/lng lnh (E-20, Gas/cold Liquid Exchanger) bng dng Condensate lnh -26,8oC i t y thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier). V p sut ca n cng c gim t 109 barA xung 47,5 barA thng qua van FV-0501C. Sau hai dng ny c ha trn vi nhau v c a vo a th nht ca thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier). Trong thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier) mt lng kh cha ch yu methane, ethane c tch ra khi Condensate p sut l 47,5 barA, v nhit hot ng l -18,5oC, nhit

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v p sut lm vic c iu chnh bng van (PIC-1114) c lp t trn ng ng dn kh thng phm. Phn trn ca thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier) c tc dng nh mt bnh tch lng-kh. Dng kh t thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier) c nhit -18,50C c dng lm lnh dng kh nguyn liu i vo trong thit b trao i nhit kh lnh/kh (E-14, Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger). Trong ch hot ng MF, h thng gin/nn kh (CC-01, Turbo-Expander/Compressor) khng hot ng. V vy, n c b qua v kh c chuyn n ng ng dn kh thng phm. Van iu p (PV-1114A) c lp t trn ng ng iu chnh p sut u ra ca nh my l khong 47 BarA. Cht lng t y thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier) thng qua thit b iu chnh dng FIC-1201 cng vi thit b iu chnh mc LIC-1201A c a vo thit b trao i nhit kh/lng lnh E-20, c nhit khong 26,8oC c dng lm lnh dng kh u vo thp C-05 v p sut ca kh u vo cng c gim xung 47,5 BarA qua van FV-0501C, sau dng ny c chuyn n a trn cng ca thp tch ethane (C-01, Deethanizer). II.1.3.6. Thp tch ethane. Trong ch hot ng MF, thp tch ethane (C-01, Deethanizer) c 3 dng u vo, dng th nht l dng kh t bnh tch V-03 c a vo a th 2 hoc th 3, dng th hai l dng lng cng t bnh tch V-03 c a vo a th 20 (nu trong ch hot ng AMF th a vo a th 14), dng th 3 l dng lng t y thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier) sau khi i qua thit b trao i nhit E-20, dng ny bao gm 75% mole l lng v ng vai tr dng hi lu ngoi cho qu trnh chng ct. Trong thp tch ethane cc hydrocacbon nh nh methane, ethane c tch ra khi dng kh lng v i ln nh thp. Nhit y thp C-01 cLp: DH08H2 Page 25

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gi 120oC thng qua cc reboiler (E-01A/B). Hydrocacbon nh c tch ra, c nn t 29 BarA ln 47 BarA bng my nn (K-01, Deethanizer OVHD Compressor) v c trn vi kh thng phm. K-01 l my nn kiu pittng n cp c dn ng bng ng c kh 766 KW, c thit b tch lng u vo ti V-12. V-12 l bnh tch thng ng c ng knh 1.200 mm, cao 3.000 mm c lp t trc my nn loi b tt c cc git lng cn li trong dng kh. Cht lng y ca bnh tch u vo c x vo h thng x kn thng qua thit b iu chnh mc LICA-1401. Cht lng t y thp ethane c chuyn n thp n nh (C-02, Stabilier) thu hi Bupro (sn phm nh) v Condensate (sn phm y). p sut hot ng ca thp tch ethane c iu chnh 29 BarA bi b iu p PICA-1305. Trong trng hp, my nn kh K-01 khng lm vic, th dng kh t thp C-01 s c a ra flare t ng thng qua van PV-1303, duy tr p sut vn hnh ca thp. II.1.3.7. iu chnh p sut dng kh. Trong ch hot ng MF, ch iu chnh t ng lu lng v p sut ca dng kh vo nh my c ci t. Cc b iu chnh p sut v iu chnh dng PICA-0502A v FIC-0501 c lp t trn ng ng dn kh sau thp hp ph V-06A/B v tn hiu iu chnh t 2 thit b ny c la chn bng thit b PY-0502 v sau c chuyn n van iu khin FV-0501C. Nu dng kh cung cp t ngoi khi khng , p sut u vo c gim xung 109 BarA th PICA-0502A ng van FV-0501C duy tr p sut u vo 109 BarA. Nu p sut vt qu 109 barA, PICA-0502B s m van PV-0502 gii phng kh d ra uc t ,v nh vy cc thit b c bo v khi s qu p.

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Trong trng hp ny, p sut u vo khng th iu chnh chnh xc do th tch ca h thng ng ng di bin qu ln v gi tr ca thit b iu chnh c th b sai lch. Lu lng dng kh i qua thit b trao i nhit kh lnh/kh E-14 c iu chnh 45% tng dng kh qua nh my. Trong trng hp, nhu cu tiu th kh ca cc h tiu th ln hn lng kh cung cp, p sut ti u ra ca nh my c iu chnh 47 BarA bng van iu p PV-1114A, c lp t ti u ra ca nh my. Nu nhu cu tiu th thp hn lng cung cp, th lng kh d s c dn ra uc t thng qua PV-1114B. V vy, trong c 2 trng hp p sut u ra ca nh my u c duy tr. II.1.4. Ch hot ng GPP. II.1.4.1. Cc thit b b sung. y l ch hon thin ca nh my. Khi hot ng ch ny th hiu sut thu hi sn phm cao hn so vi cc ch trc. Ch ny bao gm cc thit b ca ch MF v c b sung mt s thit b khc: - Thp Stripper: C-04. - Thp tch C3/C4 : C-03. - Hai my nn: K-02, K-03. - Turbo-Expander: CC-01. - Thit b trao i nhit: E-17,E-11..... II.1.4.2. M t cng ngh. Kh ngoi gin vo nh my c tip nhn u tin ti Slug Catcher (25,6oC, 109bar) c a n V-03.

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Dng kh ra t Slug Catcher qua V-08 tch nt phn lng cn li, dng lng c a n V-03 x l, cn dng kh th c a n V-06 A/B tch tinh nc. Thit b CC-01 c a vo hot ng thay th cho E-20 ch MF. Khong 2/3 lng kh ra khi V-06A/B c chuyn ti phn gin n ca thit b CC-01 ( xung 33,5bar, -18oC ), ri c dn vo thp tinh lc C-05. Khong 1/3 dng kh cn li t V-06A/B c a ti thit b trao i nhit E-14 lm lnh xung -35oC nh dng lnh t nh C-05 (-42,5oC). Sau a vo van gim p FV-1001 (xung 47,5 bar, -62oC), ri a vo thp C-05 (33,5 bar, tnh-42oC, ty -20oC) nh mt dng hi lu ngoi nh thp. Kh ra khi C-05 c lm lnh bng E-14 trc khi nn ra dng kh thng phm bng phn nn ca CC-01. Dng kh ra t nh thp C-01 c my nn K-01 nn t 29 bar ln 47 bar, ri tip tc c lm lnh trong thit b trao i nhit E-08, sau vo thp C-04 tch nc v hydrocacbon nh ln trong dng lng n t V03. Kh sau khi ra khi thit b C-04 c nn tip ti p sut 75 bar nh my nn K-02, ri c lm lnh ti thit b trao i nhit bng khng kh E-19. Dng ny trn ln vi dng kh t V-03 v c nn ti 109 bar bng my nn K-03, sau li c lm lnh E-13 v nhp vo dng kh nguyn liu trc khi vo V-08 . Dng lng ra t thp C-04 c a ln a th 14 hoc th 20 ca thp C-01, dng lng ra t thp C-05 c a n a th nht ca thp C01 ng vai tr nh dng hi lu ngoi nh thp.

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Thp C-01 lm vic p sut 29 bar, nhit nh v y ln lt l 14oC v 109oC. Sn phm y ca thp C-01 ch yu l C3+ c a n thp C-02 (11 bar, nhit nh l 55oC, nhit y l 134oC) tch bupro v condensate. Dng kh ra t nh thp C-02 l hn hp Bupro c tin hnh ngng t hon ton nhit 43oC qua h thng qut lm mt khng kh E-02, sau c a ti bnh hi lu V-02 dng nm ngang. Mt phn Bupro c bm tr li C-02 hi lu bng bm P-01A/B, p sut ca bm c th b p s chnh p sut lm vic ca thp C-02 (11bar) v thp C-03 (16 bar). Phn Bupro cn li c gia nhit n 60oC trong thit b gia nhit E-17, trc khi cung cp cho thp C-03 bng cht lng nng t y thp C-03. Sn phm y ca thp C-02 chnh l condensate thng phm c a ra bn cha hoc dn v kho cng Th Vi. Sn phm ra t nh thp C-03 l hi propane c ngng t hon ton 46oC qua thit b lm mt bng khng kh E-11 v ri c a ti thit b cha hi lu V-05, mt phn propane thng phm tch ra bng thit b iu khin mc, v chng c a ti ng ng dn Propane hoc b cha V-21A. Phn cn li c a tr li nh thp C-03 nh mt dng hi lu ngoi nh thp. Ti thp C-03, thit b trao i nhit E-10 c lp t cp nhit un si li bng du nng ti nhit 97oC. Nhit ca n c iu khin bi van TV-2123 t trn ng dn du nng. Butane cn li a ra bn cha hoc a n kho cng Th Vi sau khi c gim nhit n 60oC bng thit b trao i nhit E-17 v n 45oC nh thit b trao i nhit E-12.

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II.1.4.3. Loi nc v ti sinh. Trong ch hot ng ny, dng kh t Slug Catcher c chuyn n bnh tch V-08, v sau c a vo mt trong hai thp hp ph song song (V-06 A/B) loi b nc cha trong kh. Sau cho qua h thng li lc F-01A/B loi b cc bi bn, tp cht c hc b cun theo, ri a vo h thng kh x l kh tng t nh trong ch MF. II.1.4.4. Qu trnh x l condensate. Qu trnh x l dng Condensate trong ch hot ng GPP khc so vi ch hot ng MF v AMF bi v trong ch hot ng GPP c thm hai thit b l Stripper v my nn kh K-02/03. Dng lng v kh t bnh tch 3 pha c chuyn ln lt n hai thit b ny. p sut ca bnh tch V-03 c iu chnh 75 BarA bng van PV2002 lp t trn ng hi lu ca my nn hi lu cp 2 (K-03). Condensate t bnh tch V-03 thng qua thit b iu chnh dng FV1802 c lin kt vi thit b iu chnh mc LIC-0302 (cascaded control) i vo a trn cng ca thp C-04 (Gas Stripper), sau khi c gia nhit t 20oC ln 41oC trong thit b gia nhit kh/Condensate (E-08A/B, Gas/Condensate Exchanger) bi dng kh nng 54oC t my nn kh K-01 (Deethanizer OVHD Compressor). Dng kh t thit b trao i nhit c chuyn n y thp C-04 (Gas stripper). Mc ch chnh ca thit b trao i nhit l thu hi nhit, chng li s to thnh hydrate u ra ca van FV-1082 (ni m p sut hot ng gim t 75 BarA xung 47,5 BarA). Mc ch ca thp lm sch kh l loi nc khi condensate bng dng kh nng (kh kh). Thp lm sch gm 6 a van, Condensate tip xc trc tip vi dng kh nng i ln trong thp, v vy nc trong condensate s c cun theo dng kh. Thp C-04 hot ng p sut hot ng l

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47,5 BarA c iu chnh bi thit b iu chnh PICA-1801, PICA-1801 c lp t x kh ra uc t, trnh hin tng qu p. Dng lng t y ca thp C-04 thng qua van iu chnh dng FV1701 (kt hp vi thit b iu chnh mc LICA-1821, cascaded control) a vo a th 14 hoc 20 ca thp tch ethane, sau khi c gia nhit t 40oC ln 86oC trong thit b trao i nhit E-04 (Condensate Cross Exchanger) bi dng nng 154oC i ra t y thp C-02 ( Stabilizer ). Mc ch ca thit b trao i nhit l tn dng v thu hi nhit. II.1.4.5. Qu trnh tch tinh v lm lnh su. Mt phn ba lng kh c lm kh, s chuyn n thit b trao i nhit E-14 (Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger) lm lnh su t 26oC xung -35oC bng dng kh lnh t nh thp tinh C-05 (Rectifier) c nhit -42,5oC. Nhit ca dng kh ra khi thit b trao i nhit ny l -36oC, y l mt thng s quan trng trong qu trnh x l kh, nu nhit ny cao hn gi tr , th mt lng hydrocacbon lng c th khng c thu hi, v nu nhit ny thp hn gi tr c bit , th hydrate c th hnh thnh trong ng ng. V vy, nhit ny c iu chnh bng dng lnh qua E-14 thng qua b iu chnh nhit TICA-1009. B iu chnh nhit TICA1009 c lp t trn ng ng u ra ca dng lnh, nhm trnh hin tng nhit thp hn gi tr nhit thit k ng ng (-10oC) bng cch gii hn dng kh lnh thng qua thit b TY-1006. p sut ca dng kh u vo c gim t 109 BarA xung 33,5 BarA thng qua van FV-1001, nh qu trnh gin n on nhit v nhit ca n gim xung -62oC. Dng lnh ny gm 56% (t l mole phn) l lng, c a vo a trn cng ca thp tch tinh C-05 nh l dng hi lu ngoi cho thp.

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Hai phn ba lng kh cn li c a vo h thng gin n kh CC01 (Turbo Expander), ti h thng ny kh c gin t 109 BarA xung 33,5 BarA v nhit h xung -18oC. Van FV-0501B c lp trn ng bypass qua CC-01, nhm trnh qu p cho h thng. Nu b phn gin n ca CC-01 ngng lm vic (SDV-1101 u vo phn gin n ng li trong vng 0,5 giy), van FV-0501 s t ng m, do vy c th trnh c hin tng di p t ngt. Dng lnh ny sau c a vo y thp tch tinh C-05. Trong thp tch tinh C-05, kh cha ch yu l methane, ethane c tch ra khi dng lng cha cc cu t nng hn nh propane, butane v cc cu t nng khc di p sut hot ng 33,5 BarA, nhit nh thp l 43oC v nhit y thp l -20oC. Phn trn ca thp tch tinh nh l bnh tch kh/lng. Cn nhn mnh thm rng trong cc ch hot ng AMF v MF, thp tch tinh c tc dng nh mt bnh tch, nhng trong ch hot ng GPP n c tc dng nh l mt thp chng ct phn on c dng hi lu ngoi v khng c thit b gia nhit bn ngoi (Reboiler). Thp C-05 c 12 van dng a. p sut hot ng ca thp tch tinh trong ch hot ng GPP l 35,5 BarA thp hn so vi ch hot ng MF v AMF (47,5 BarA). p sut ny khng c duy tr bi cc thit b iu chnh p sut m ph thuc vo hiu sut lm vic ca Turbo-Expanger/Compressor. Dng kh t nh thp tch tinh c nhit -43oC c dng lm lnh su dng kh nguyn liu i vo thit b trao i nhit E-14, sau c nn bi phn nn ca CC-01. Mt van anti-surge FV-1111 c lp t phn nn ca CC-01. Trc khi khi ng my nn, dng kh thng phm i theo ng bypass (qua van FV-1111), sau t ng thay i ti my nn khi my nn khi ng, nh van mt chiu lp t trn ng ng (check value). Khi my nn ngng hot ng dng kh tr li di chuyn theoLp: DH08H2 Page 33

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ng ng bypass. Khi dng kh vo my nn khng , van anti-surge FV1111 s m ra gi cho my nn lm vic ngoi vng Surge. Dng kh sau c chuyn n ng ng dn kh thng phm qua b o dng ME-13. ME-13 bao gm 2 b o dng FI-1150A/B, mt lm vic, mt d phng. Van iu p PV-1114A c lp t trn ng ng iu chnh p sut u ra ca nh my l 47 BarA. Dng lng t y thp tch tinh thng qua thit b iu chnh dng FIC-1201 v thit b iu chnh mc LIC-1201A c a vo a ca thp trn cng ca thp C-01 nh l dng hi lu ngoi. II.1.4.6. Thp tch C-01. Trong ch hot ng GPP thp tch ethane C-01 (Deethanizer) c 2 dng u vo, mt dng lng t thp C-04, sau khi c gia nhit t 40oC ln 86oC trong thit b trao i nhit (E-04, Condensate Cross Exchanger) c a vo a th 20 ca thp C-01. Dng cn li l dng lng t y thp tch tinh c nhit l -23oC c a vo a trn cng ca thp, dng ny gm 95% ( theo t l mole phn) l cht lng, c s dng lm dng hi lu ngoi cho qu trnh chng ct. Trong thp tch C-01, cc hydrocacbon nh nh l methane, ethane c tch ra khi pha lng nh thit b gia nhit cho y thp E-01A/B. Nhit y thp c duy tr 109oC. Hydrocacbon dng kh i ra t nh thp c nn bng mt trong 2 my nn K-01A/B (Deethanizer OVHD Compressor) t 29 BarA ln 47 BarA. K-01A/B l my nn kiu pittong n cp c dn ng bi ng c kh 766 KW trong 1 my lm vic, 1 my d phng. Bnh tch u vo V-12 l dng bnh thng ng c ng knh l 1.200 mm, cao 3.000 mm c lp t trc my nn, loi b tt c cc git lng cn li trong dng kh. Cht lng y ca thit

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b tch lng c x vo h thng x kn thng qua thit b iu chnh mc LICA-1401. Dng kh sau khi c lm mt trong thit b trao i nhit E-08 (Gas/Condensate Exchanger), nh vo dng lng 20oC i ra t bnh tch 3 pha V-03 (Slug Catcher Liquid Flash Drum). Dng kh ny c tip tc nn ti 75 BarA bng my nn K-02 (Expanded Deethanizer OVHD Compressor) v c lm mt ti qut lm mt bng khng kh E-19 sau i vo u ht ca my nn K-03. Dng kh t bnh tch 3 pha V-03 c trn ln vi dng kh i ra t E19 v i vo u ht ca my nn K-03 (2nd stage OVHD Compressor) nng p ln 109 barA, sau c a tr li nhp vo ng kh nguyn liu u vo, chuyn n thp loi nc loi nc v a vo ch bin tr li lm tng hiu qu thu hi lng cho nh my. Cc my nn K-02 v K-03 l loi my nn kiu pittong hai cp c dn ng bi cc ng c kh 1.200 KW. Cc bnh tch u vo V-13 v V14 l dng bnh thng ng c ng knh ln lt l 1.100 mm v 1.000 mm v c chiu cao l 3.000 mm c lp t u vo ca mi my nn, loi b cc ht cht lng c trong dng kh i vo my nn. Dng lng y thit b tch lng thng qua b iu chnh mc LICA-1901 v 2001 c a vo a trn cng ca thp tch C-01 v thp C-04. p sut u ht K-01 bng p sut hot ng ca thp tch ethane, c iu chnh 29 BarA bi b iu chnh p sut PCIA-1303A, trong trng hp K-01 ngng hot ng dng kh t thp tch ethane s t ng x ra uc t thng qua van PV-1303B nhm duy tr p sut hot ng ca thp. p sut u ht ca K-02 c iu chnh 47 BarA bi iu p PCIA-1801A v gi n nh 47 BarA.Lp: DH08H2 Page 35

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p sut u ht K-03, c iu chnh 75 BarA bi b iu p PIC2002A. My nn K-02/03 c cng tc quay do s dng chung ng c. Lng t y thp tch ethane thng qua van FV-1301 (hot ng ch autocasded) nh b iu chnh mc LIC-1302 i vo thp n nh C-02 (Stabilizer). II.1.4.7. iu chnh p sut v lu lng dng. Trong ch hot ng GPP, lu lng dng v p sut u vo ca nh my c iu chnh t ng. Thit b iu chnh p sut v dng PCIA-0502A , FIC-0501 c lp t trn ng ng dn kh sau h thng thp hp ph V-06A/B v tn hiu iu khin t hai thit b iu chnh ny nh vo b la chn PY-0502 (Low selector). Sau chuyn n iu chnh ng m van u vo phn gin n ca CC-01 (iu chnh tc quay ca CC-01). Trong trng hp CC-01 dng, van FV-0501B s t ng m trnh qu p ca h thng. Khi lng kh cung cp ngoi khi khng , p sut u vo nh my gim xung di 109 BarA, PICA-0502A gim tc ca CC-01 gi cho p sut kh u vo nh my 109 BarA. Khi lng kh cp t ngoi khi tng v my nn khng th gim p sut mc d chy vi tc max, PICA-0502A c th m CC-01 bypass (FV-0501B). Nu dng kh c lu lng ln hn cng sut ca nh my, FIC-0501 gi cho tc dng kh gi tr bng vi cng sut ca nh my bng iu chnh van FV0501B. Nu p sut vt qu 109 BarA, PICA-0502B s kch hot m van PV- 0502 gii phng lng kh d a ra uc t, do vy thit b bo v khi tnh trng qu p. T l dng kh nguyn liu u vo qua thit b trao i nhit lnh/kh (E-14, Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger) c iu chnh 34% tng lng kh qua FIC-0501 bi FIC-1001 v FV-1001.Lp: DH08H2 Page 36

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Trong trng hp, nhu cu tiu th ca cc h tiu th ln hn lng kh cung cp, p sut u ra nh my c iu chnh 47 BarA bi van iu p PV-1114A (Pressure Control Valve) c lp t u ra nh my, trc ng ng dn kh. Khi nhu cu tiu th ca cc h tiu th thp hn lng kh cung cp, mt lng kh d s c t thng qua van PV1114B. V vy trong c hai trng hp trn p sut u ra ca nh my c iu chnh tt. II.1.5. Ch GPP chuyn i. II.1.5.1. Cc thit b b sung. Cc thit b ch ny bao gm ton b cc thit b ca ch GPP v thm trm nn kh u vo K-1011A/B/C/D v bnh tch V-101. II.1.5.2. M t cng ngh. gii quyt thm lng kh ng hnh t m Rng ng gy tt p sut ng k trn ng ng, em li hiu qu kinh t cao nht. Trm nn u vo c lp t gm 4 my nn kh : 3 my hot ng v 1 my d phng, m bo p sut thit k l 109 bar. Ngoi ra, mt s thit b ca nh my c ci hon kt ni m rng vi trm kh nn. Kh ng hnh t m Bch H v Rng ng vi lu lng t 5,7 n 6,1 triu m3/ngy vo h thng Slug Catcher trong iu kin p sut 65 80 bar, nhit 20 n 300C. Sau , dng kh ra t SC c chia lm hai dng:

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Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C /ngy c a qua van

- Dng th nht c lu lng khong 1 triu

gim p PV-106, gim p sut t 65 bar-80 bar xung 54 bar v i vo thit b tch lng V-101. Lng c tch ra ti bnh V-101 c a vo thit b V-03 ch bin su. Kh i ra t bnh tch V-101 c a vo h thng ng dn kh thng phm 16 cung cp cho cc nh my in. - Dng th hai c lu lng khong 5 triu /ngy c a vo trm nn kh u vo K-1011 A/B/C/D (3 my hot ng v 1 my d phng) nn nng p sut t 65 bar- 80 bar ln 109 bar, sau qua h thng qut lm mt bng khng kh E-1011, lm ngui dng kh ra khi my nn n nhit khong 40-500C. Dng kh ny i vo thit b tch lc V-08 tch lng lng cn li trong kh v lc bi bn. Sau c a vo thit b hp ph V-06 A/B tch trit nc, trnh to thnh hydrate trong qu trnh lm lnh su. Dng kh i ra khi thit b V-06A/B c tch thnh hai dng: khong mt phn ba dng kh ban u qua thit b trao i nhit E-14, h nhit t 26,5 xung -350C vi tc nhn lnh l dng kh kh n t nh thp C-05 c nhit -450C, sau c lm lnh su bng cch gim p qua van FV-1001. p sut gim t 109 bar xung 37 bar ( bng p sut lm vic ca C-05) ko theo nhit gim xung -620C, ri c a vo a trn cng ca thp tinh ct C-05, ng vai tr nh dng hi lu ngoi ca nh thp. Hai phn ba dng kh cn l c a vo thit b CC-01 thc hin vic gim p t 109 bar xung 37 bar v nhit gim xung -120C v c a vo y thp tinh ct C-05. Thp tinh ct C -05 hot ng p sut 37 bar, nhit nh thp v y thp tng ng l -450C v -150C, ti y kh (ch yu l metan v etan) c tch ra ti nh thp C-05. Thnh phn lng ch yu l C3+ c tch ra t y thp.

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Dng kh i ra t nh ca thp tinh ct c nhit -450C, c s dng lm tc nhn lnh cho thit b trao i nhit E-14 v sau c nn ti p sut 54 bar trong phn nn ca thit b CC-01. Hn hp kh i ra thit b ny l kh thng phm c a vo h thng 16 n cc nh my in. Dng lng ra t y thp tinh ct, c a vo a trn cng ca thp C-01 nh dng hi lu ngoi nh thp. Trong thp C-01, vi nhit y thp l 109 0C ( nh thit b gia nhit E-01A/B), p sut hot ng ca thp l 27,5 bar. Cc hydrocacbon nh nh metan, etan c tch ra i ln nh thp vo bnh tch V-12 tch lng c trong kh, v c my nn K-01 nn t p sut 27,5 bar ln p sut 47,5 bar. Dng ra khi my nn K-01 c a vo E-08, sau vo thp C-04. Do bnh tch V-03 phi gim p sut vn hnh t 75 bar theo thit k xung cn 45 bar, nn lng lng t y bnh tch V-03 c a trc tip qua E04A/B m khng i vo thit b trao i nhit E-08 nh thit k. V vy, E08 v C-04 lc ny khng hot ng nh cc thit b cng ngh, m ch hot ng nh cc ng ng dn kh. Dng kh t K-01 sau c nn n 75 bar nh my nn K-02, ri li tip tc a vo thit b trao i nhit E-19 bng vic s dng dng tc nhn lnh l khng kh. Dng kh ra t E-19 c a vo my nn K-03 nn ti p sut 109 bar, v lm lnh trong thit b trao i nhit E-13.Sau khi, ra khi E-13 dng kh ny c a ti thit b V-08 nh l nguyn liu u vo. Thp tch etane C-01 l thit b tch dng thp loi a van, hot ng nh mt thit b chng ct. Dng lng i ra t y thp C-01 c a qua V-12, sau ti thp C02. Thp C-02 l thit b c cu trc dng thp, c p sut hot ng l 10 bar, nhit y thp c duy tr 1350C nh thit b gia nhit E-03, nhit nh thp 560C. Hn hp Bupro c tch ra nh thp, cn Condesate

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c tch ra y thp. Hn hp Bupro t nh thp C-02 tip tc c a vo thit b lm lnh E-02, sau c a vo bnh tch V-02. Dng lng t bnh tch V-02 c bm P-01A/B bm hi lu mt phn li nh thp, v phn cn li theo ng ng dn sn phm Bupro n bn cha V-21A/B hoc n kho cng Th Vi. Trong trng hp cn tch ring thnh sn phm Propan v Butan theo yu cu ca khch hng th sn phm lng t bnh V-02 s c bm P-01A/B bm qua thit b trao i nhit E-17 ( tn dng nhit) trc khi vo thp C-03. Thp C-03 c nhit y l 950C, p sut hot ng ca thp l 16 bar. Propan c tch ra nh thp, nh qut E-11 lm lnh v c a vo bnh tch V-05, sau c bm P-03 A/B cho hi lu mt phn tr li nh thp v phn cn li theo ng ng dn Propan thng phm. Butan c tch ra y thp, qua thit b lm lnh E-12 ri theo ng ng dn Butan thng phm. Lng tch ra t y thp C-02 l Condensate, c h nhit xung 600C nh thit b trao i nhit E-04A/B v xung 450C nh thit b E-09. Sau c a ti bn cha TK-21 hoc ng ng dn Condensate ti kho cng Th Vi. Condensate (sau khi tch nc ti Slug Catcher) c tch ra trong Slug Catcher c a vo thit b V-03 hot ng p sut 45 bar v nhit 200C tch cc cu t kh nh b hp th trong hn hp lng ny, bng cch gin n v gim p. T thit b V-03, Condensate c dn ti thit b trao i nhit E-04 ( tn dng nhit ca dng Condensate ra t y C-02) sau i vo a th 20 ca thp C-01.

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II.2. CC QU TRNH CHNH CA NH MY. II.2.1. Qu trnh kh nc. Ch yu xy ra trong thp hp ph V-06, gm 2 thp ging nhau, mt vn hnh v mt ti sinh hoc standby. Thp c chc nng hp ph su hi nc bo ha tn ti trong kh HC. Trc khi vo thp hp ph, kh t Slug Catcher c chuyn n bnh tch V-08 tch loi 99 % cc HC lng, nc t do, du bi trn v cc vt rn c trong kh bo v lp ry phn t cht hp ph ( tr ch AMF l khng c thp V-06). Kh vo thp hp ph qua 3 lp: lp trn cng l nhm hot tnh tch nc th v gi thnh thp, kh nng ht nc cao, kh b lm bn, bo v lp ry phn t v d ti sinh. Lp th hai l ry phn t zeolit c tc dng loi b hon ton nc t nhit im sng ca nc trong HC l -75 0C 34,5 bar. Lp cui cng l m caremic, l nhng vin trn c tc dng gim tr lc ca dng kh, bo v thp. Sau kh s vo F-01A/B loi b bi bn sau khi ra khi thp hp ph. Cht hp ph s bo ha hi nc sau 8 gi lm vic. Thit b bo chnh p PDIA- 0401 c lp t kim sot chnh p qua V-08, khng vt qu 0,5 bar, nu qu s kch hot cnh bo. Ngoi ra n bo chnh p DPA-0503A/B c lp t trn F-01A/B s kch hot kh chnh p ln hn 0,1 bar.

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II.2.2. Qu trnh ti sinh cht hp ph. Sau 8 gi hot ng iu kin 29oC v 109 bar th cht hp ph bo ha hi nc, do d cn c ti sinh. a. Chuyn thp hp ph. Thp hp ph sau khi ti sinh standby hoc a vo vn hnh song song vi thp ang hp ph. Trong thi gian ngn, hai thp hp ph c vn hnh song song vi mc ch : gim thiu s thay i thnh phn kh, trnh dng b gin on. Sau , thp hp ph ti sinh c c lp. b. Gim p. Thp hp ph sau khi c c lp, s gim p t 109 bar xung p sut kh ti sinh (35 bar ch GPP, 38 bar ch MF). Lu lng gim p c gii hn bi l khng ch lu lng t thi gian gim p trn 30 pht. Trong qu trnh gim p s c s gim nhit v ngng t ca kh t nhin. c. Gia nhit. Nc c loi b t cht hp ph bng cch s dng dng kh ti sinh trch t u vo phn nn ca CC-01. Dng kh ti sinh (12.500 kg/h, 47 bar ch MF; 11.500 kg/h, 34 bar ch GPP) c hi lu hon ton bng mt trong hai my nn kh ti sinh K-04 A/B v c gia nhit bng thit b trao i nhit E-18 n nhit 230oC. Dng kh ti sinh i ngc

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chiu vi thp hp ph. Qu trnh ti sinh c kim sot bng 3 ch bo nhit c lp t trn thp (TI-0551A/B, 0552A/B, 0553A/B) v nhit ra ca dng ti sinh (TI-0512). Dng kh ti sinh nng bao gm c nc b hp th c lm lnh bng qut lm mt E-15 v quay v u ht ca CC-01 nng p ri dn ra dng kh thng phm, cn nc b ngng t v tch bng V-07. d. Lm lnh. Cht hp ph c lm lnh bng dng kh ti sinh, nhng khng s dng thit b gia nhit E-18. Cht hp ph s c lm lnh n khong 25oC hoc trong khong 5oC so vi nhit kh t nhin. V cng c kim sot bng cc ch bo nhit gn trn thn thp v nhit u ra ca kh ti sinh ( TI-0502). e. Nng p. Thp hp ph c nng p bng dng kh t nhin khi c lm kh (109 bar, 37oC). Lu lng kh nng p c gii hn bng l hn ch (RO) khng ch thi gian nng p l 30 pht. Ging nh qu trnh gim p, s c ngng t lng, hydrocacbon lng s tch t trong ng ng cng ngh. f. D phng. Thp hp ph s c duy tr p sut t nhin 109 bar bng ng nng p. Trong thi gian ny cc hydrocacbon lng s bay hi do nhit mi trng. My nn kh ti sinh K-04A/B s chy 100 % thi gian. Trong qu trnh gim p v nng p, kh ti sinh s bypass qua thp hp ph bng ng bypass. Theo thit k, dng kh nguyn liu qua thit b hp ph bo ho hi nc (0,06 %); tuy nhin thit b x l nc bng glycol offshore gim hm lng nc n 7 lb/MMSCFD (0,015 %). Do , thi gianLp: DH08H2 Page 44

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hp ph ca thp hp ph c th ko di, trong trng hp ny c th dng K-04. II.3. CC CH VN HNH CA THP. II.3.1. Thp tch Etane (C-01, Deethanizer). Thp chng ct C-01 l thit b thc hin qu trnh phn tch gia C2 v C3. C2 v mt phn nh C3 s i ra khi nh pha kh, phn ln lng C3+ v mt phn nh C2 ra khi y thp dng lng. Thp tch Etane C-01 c 32 a kiu van, 13 a phn trn ca thp c ng knh 2.600 mm, 19 a phn di c ng knh 3.050 mm. B o chnh p PDIA 1321 c lp t xc nh chnh p trong thp. Thng s vn hnh ca thp: THNG S VN HNH p sut (bar) Nhit nh (oC) Nhit y (oC) AMF 20 63,7 MF 29 6 CH GPP 29 14 GPP CHUYN I 27,5

194

120

109

109

Trong ch GPP chuyn i, thp ny c 2 ngun cung cp, ngun th nht l dng lng t V-03 i qua b trao i nhit E-04A/B i vo a th 20. Ngun th hai l cht lng t y thp lm sch C-05 c nhit 23oC vo a trn cng ca thp, cha 95% mol cht lng dng cho vic phun ti. Bn b thit b hin th nhit trn cc a 2, 3, 14, 20 s cho bit trng thi ca thp.Lp: DH08H2 Page 45

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Hai thit b trao i nhit reboiler E-01A/B (mt lm vic v mt d phng ) c ci t ti y gia nhit cho thp, iu ny trnh c s ngng hot ng ca thp do nh hng ca qu trnh trao i nhit. Sau khi trao i nhit Condensate chuyn n bnh tch V-15, vi thi gian lu l 3 pht n nh mc cht lng. Condensat c tch ra t V-15 nh b iu chnh dng FICA-1301 vi b o mc cht lng LICA-1302 s c a qua thp n nh C-02. II.3.2. Thp C-04 (Gas Strippers). Thit b C-04 c lp t ch GPP nhng cng c th a vo hot ng trong ch MF v AMF. ch AMF sau khi hon chnh ch GPP, s dng hai my nn alter nhng vn c th khng dng mt ci. Khi ch AMF, nu kh dng stripping l kh n t nh thp Deethanizer khng s dng c. My nn cn li c dng gi lu lng ca Condensate n t V-03 trong ch GPP cho d kh stripper khng s dng c. Thp C-04 gm 6 a dng van c ng knh 2.600mm. B thit b o chnh p PDIA-1802 c lp t pht hin chnh p trong thp do s to bt. B thit b ch th nhit c lp t trn a th 6 ca thp. Thp C-04 khng c thit b gia nhit reboiler y thp v thit b ngng t condenser. Thp C-04 hot ng p sut 47barA. iu kin bnh thng nhit nh v y ln lt l 44oC v 40oC. II.3.3. Thp tch tinh C-05 (Rectifier). Thp C-05 c nhim v tch phn lng ngng t do s st p ca kh t 109 bar xung 47 bar. Thng s vn hnh ca thp cc ch :Lp: DH08H2 Page 46

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a. Ch AMF thp C-05 hot ng 47bar, nhit 20oC. b. Ch GPP thp C-05 hot ng 33,5 bar, nhit nh -42oC v nhit y -20oC. c. Ch GPP chuyn i thp C-05 hot ng vi: - Lu lng theo thit k : 200.000sm3/h v p sut : 33,5 bar. - Vn hnh hin ti: Lu lng tng: 245.000 sm3/h. Nhit : nh thp : -45oC. y thp : -12 -11oC. p sut : 35 37 barA. C 2 dng nguyn liu cung cp cho thp C-05 - Dng nguyn liu th nht ( t E-14). Lu lng : 85.000 90.000 m3/h. Nhit : Gim t 26,5oC xung -62oC. p sut : Gim t 109 bar xung cn 37 bar. - Dng nguyn liu th hai ( t CC-01). Lu lng : 160.000 165.000 sm3/h. Nhit : -12oC. p sut : Gim t 109 bar xung cn 37 bar. II.3.4. Thp n nh C-02 (Stabilizer). Thp C-02 hot ng nhm thc hin qu trnh phn tch gia cc cu t C4, C5 ca dng lng i ra t V-15 to thnh hai sn phm ring bit LPG (Bupro) v Condensat ( C5+ ).

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Thp C-02 gm 30 a kiu van c ng knh 2.140mm, c lp t ch MF v GPP nhng cng c th vn hnh ch AMF d phng. Nhit : - Nhit dng nhp liu : 65oC. - nh thp : 56 58oC. - y thp : 125 130oC. p sut hot ng ca thp l 11bar v c iu chnh bng van iu p PV- 1501A/B. Dng nhp liu vi lu lng 115 120 m3/h c a vo a th 10 ca thp v ch s hi lu ti u vo khong 0,5 0,6 (khng nn nh hn 0,4 ). pht hin s chnh p trong thp do qu trnh to bt, ngi ta s dng b o chnh p PDIA 1521.Ngoi ra, cn s dng ba thit b ch th nhit trn cc a th 9, 10, 30 ca thp C - 02. II.4. SN PHM LNG. II.4.1. Thit b o cc sn phm lng i vo ng ng. Ba ng ng dn sn phm lng c ng knh l 6 inch c thit k vn chuyn condensate, propane v butane t nh my x l Dinh C n kho cng Th Vi ( nm cch nh my 28 km ). iu kin lm vic bnh thng cc sn phm lng s c vn chuyn trc tip n kho cng Th Vi qua ba ng ng ny. Theo thit k mt ng dng vn chuyn condensate, mt ng vn chuyn propane v ng cn li vn chuyn butane. Cc thit b o dng dng coriolis (Mass flow meter) gm: ME-24 (condensate meter), M-25 (propane meter), M-26 (butane meter) c lp t trn mi ng ng, cng vi thit b kim tra dng FIQ-2604 (check meter) nhm kim tra chnh xc ca cc thit b o trn.Lp: DH08H2 Page 48

Bo co thc tp:


II.4.2. H thng bm v bn cha. Theo thit k ban u, ba bn cha LPG v mt bn cha Condensate c s dng nh bn d phng trong trng hp c s c Th Vi Terminal. Ngoi ra, cc bn cha LPG cn c s dng np LPG cho xe bn. Bn cha Condensate TK-21, c ng knh l 13.000 mm v cao 15.600 mm v c th tch l 2.000 m3 c thit k c kh nng cha c lng condensate sn xut ra c trong 3 ngy ti nh my (Condensate sn xut c hng ngy trong nh my x l kh Dinh C l 575 m3/ngy). Cc bm vn chuyn Condensate P-23 A/B c cng sut l 30 m3/h, chiu cao ct p 133 m nc, c chy bi ng c in cng sut 30 kw vn chuyn Condensate trong bn cha ti ng ng dn condensate i kho cng Th Vi. Bm P-23A/B l bm ly tm n cp. Thit b o dng FIA2301 (Orifice flow meter) s kch hot dng hot ng ca bm khi lu lng dng qua bm thp hn gi tr cho php bo v bm. Thit b o LIA-2321, Tank Gauge c lp t bn cha v n bo mc LAHH-2321 s kch hot ng van u vo (SDV-2321) bn cha khi mc bn cao hn gi tr cho php, n bo mc (LALL-2321, Level Alarm) ng u ra (SDV-2322) v t ng kch hot bm dng hot ng bo v, khi mc bn thp hn gi tr ci t. Ba bn cha LPG-21A/B/C c ng kh 3.350 mm v di 54.610 mm l dng bn nm ngang c thit k cha LPG. Bn c th tch l 450 m3 (theo thit k V-21 A dng cha propane, V-21 B dng cha butane, V-21C dng cha sn phm khng t cht lng. Tuy nhin V-21A v V-21B c th lu tr Bupro trong ch hot ng MF, cng nh cc sn phm khng t cht lng trong trng hp cn thit). V mt thit k cc bn cha ny ging ht nhau v c thit k vi p sut l 17,5 BarG tng ng viLp: DH08H2 Page 49

Bo co thc tp:


p sut hi propane 500C. V vy, bt c bn no cng c th c s dng nh l bn cha sn phm propane ha lng. Cc PV-2401A/B/C c tc dng iu chnh p sut ca bn cha khng vt qu gi tr setpoint, bng cch x mt lng hi trong bn ra uc t. Cc van an ton PSV-2401A/B/C bo v bn khi hin tng qu p. II.4.3. H thng np LPG cho xe bn (Truck Loading). Cc bm xut LPG P-21A/B c cng sut 70 m3/h, chiu cao ct p 61.2 m nc c chy bi ng c in c cng sut 15 kw, dng xut LPG cho xe bn t cc bn cha sn phm. Bm P-21A/B l loi bm ng n cp, p sut lm vic c thit k sao cho p ng vic xut LPG qua trm xut ME-21 (LPG loading station). Thit b o dng FIA-2402, Orifice flow meter s dng hot ng ca bm P-21A/B khi lu lng dng qua bm thp hn gi tr dng min (trong thit k ca bm). II.4.4. Sn phm khng t cht lng. Bm P-22 c cng sut 40 m3/h, chiu cao ct p 591.5 m, chy bng ng c in 75 kw c nhim v bm cc sn phm khng t cht lng t bn cha v li a th 14 hoc 20 ca thp C-01 ti ch, trnh t b sn phm. II.5. CC H THNG BO V AN TON. II.5.1. H thng uc. H thng uc c thit k t b lng kh i ra t nh my thng qua cc van an ton, van iu p Ton b lng kh x ra c thu gom vo ng thu gom (flare header) c ng knh 20 inch, sau c a n bnh tch lng V-51, Flare K.O Drum. V-51 c ng knh 3.100 mm, di 8.200 mm, l bnh nm ngang c tc dng loi b ton b cht lng b cun theo, trc khi a ra t ti ucLp: DH08H2 Page 50

Bo co thc tp:


ME-51, Flare Stack. uc t c ng knh 30 inch, cao 70 m, cng sut 212 tn/h trong trng hp hot ng khng lin tc v 77.2 tn/h trong trng hp hot ng lin tc. B nh la bng in c lp t to ra ngn la t kh v thit b ny c theo di nh ba u d la BSL2701A/B/C, c lp t trn nh ca ct uc. Cht lng thu c trong bnh V-51, c chuyn i bng bm P-51A/B (Flare K.O Drum Pum), (cng sut l 10 m3/h, p sut l 77 m nc chy bng ng c in c cng sut 11 kw) n hm t burnpit. Bm P-51 t ng khi ng khi tn hiu bo mc H1 t thit b ch mc cht lng trong bnh LIA-2701 (Drum Liquid level Indicator) kch hot, nu mc cht lng tng cao hn th tn hiu bo mc H2 t LIA-2701 s kch hot a c hai bm vo hot ng. C hai bm s dng hot ng khi c tn hiu L kch hot. n bo mc (LALL-2701, Level Alarm) s kch hot dng bo v bm trong trng hp mc thp, v LAHH-2701 s kch hot ng van u vo nh my ESDV-101,(Plant Intet Vavel) khi mc V-51 cao hn gi tr ci t. Thit b gia nhit E-52, (Closed Drain Heater) c nhim v gia nhit cho cht lng ln 55oC bng du nng tch t trong V-51, nhm bay hi trit cc hydrocacbon nh trc khi thi ra burnpit. II.5.2. H thng x kn. H thng x kn c thit k loi b cht lng i ra t nh my v c a vo gia nhit bay hi mt phn hydrocacbon nh, trc khi t b burn pit. Ton b cht lng c thu gom vo trong ng ng 12 inch, v c chuyn n thit b trao i nhit E-52 (close drain heater) gia nhit dng lng ln 550C, sau a v bnh tch V-51. Kh c a ra uc tLp: DH08H2 Page 51

Bo co thc tp:


b, lng tch ra c bm P-51A/B a v burn pit. Cng sut ti a ca burn pit l 8.9 m3/h. II.6. H THNG PH TR. II.6.1. H thng kh cng c. H thng c nhim v kh v sch iu khin cc van, ngoi ra cn cung cp kh ph tr cho nh my. H thng kh cng c bao gm 2 my nn kh K-61 A/B, hai my lm kh kh M-61 A/B, bnh cha kh cng c V-61, bnh cha kh ph tr V-62. Mt cm my nn kh K-61 bao gm b lc kh K-61 bao gm b lc kh u vo, b gim thanh, phn nn piston dn ng bng ng c in, thit b lm mt v thit b kh ngng t v b lc u ra. Mt cm lm kh kh M-61 bao gm b lc kh u vo, b lm lnh, thit b tch kh ngng t v b lc u ra. u tin hng u ca h thng l cung cp kh cng c cho h thng iu khin. Do , khi p sut ca h thng kh iu khin xung thp hn 700 kPaG th van PVC-5101 v PVC-5201 s ng, dng cung cp kh cho phn kh ph tr v sn xut nit.

Cc thng s thit b ca h thng . My nn kh K-61 A/B : - My nn piston 2 cp khng s dng du bi trn. - p sut x l 1000 kPaG. - Nhit u ra: 51oC. - Cng sut 675 Nm3/h mi ngy. My lm kh kh M-61 A/B:

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Bo co thc tp: - Loi: Thit b lm lnh.


- p sut u ra: 930 kPaG. - Nhit dim sng u ra l: 4 OC. - Cng sut: 675 Nm3/h. Bnh cha kh cng c: - p sut vn hnh: 51OC. - ng knh 2,4 chiu cao 7,5 m. Bnh cha kh ph tr: - p sut vn hnh: 1000 kPaG. - Nhit vn hnh: 51oC. - ng knh 1,8 chiu cao 4,8 m. II.6.2. H thng sn xut kh Nit. Nit c s dng lm lp m cho bn cha Hot oil V-31, bn cha methanol V-25, lm sch flare header v cung cp cho cc im trong nh my phc v cng tc bo dng. H thng kh sn xut kh nit bao gm: My iu ch nit (ME-62) v bnh cha kh nit (V-63). My iu ch nit (ME-62) gm thit b tch m, b lc, thit b gia nhit khng kh v mng lc. Mng lc dng tch v thu hi nit t khng kh i qua mng lc, cc phn t nit b gi li . My iu ch nit. - Loi: Mng lc. - Cng sut: 100 Nm3/h. - tinh khit: 99%. Bnh cha nit. - p sut vn hnh: 700 kPaG. - Nhit vn hnh: 51oC.

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- ng knh 2,4 chiu cao 7,5 m II.6.3. H thng hot oil. Nhit nng s dng trong qu trnh gia nhit ca nh my, c cung cp bi h thng dng nng. H thng bao gm 3 thit b gia nhit bng du nng H-31 A/B/C, bn cha du nng V-31, cm lc du nng F-31 A/B v ba my bm P-31 A/B/C. Du Thermia Oil B c tun hon bi mt my bm P-31 trong ch AMF & MF, hoc hai my bm trong h thng GPP. Cc bm khng hot ng s nm trong ch d phng. Cng sut ca mi bm l 270 m3/h. Khi p sut du nng cung cp ti cc heater thp, tn hiu interlock PSL5402 s kch hot bm d phng (t ng). Tuy nhin, do cng sut khi ng ca mi bm ln nn c kh nng gy qu ti h thng in. V vy, hin ti chc nng t khi ng bm P-31 ang tm thi khng kch hot. Khi dng du nng n cc heater thp cc tn hiu FALL-5503/5603/5703 s kch hot dng cc heater bo v. Cc cng tc nhit cng c lp t ti u ra ca cc heater, ng h thng iu khin u t khi cn thit. Nhit du nng hi lu thay i theo ti ca cc ch v tng ng l 203oC cho AMF, 171oC cho MF v 163oC cho GPP (c th khc nu ti thay i ). Nhit du nng cung cp th lun c c nh khong 260oC bi cc thit b iu khin TIC5505/5605/5705. Van iu khin nhit trn ng kh nhin liu chnh, c h tr bi van iu p PCV-5502/5602/5702, m bo kh nng vn hnh n nh ca h thng u t .Cc heater c thit k vi cng sut 47.52 GJ/h.

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Bo co thc tp:


Cc thng s ca h thng Hotoil trong cc ch chun l: AMF Lu lng dng nng Bm vn hnh Bm d phng Cng sut nhit Heater vn hnh Heater d phng 125.8 tn/h P31 A P31B 18.9 GJ/h H-31A H-31B MF 160.6 tn/h P-31A P31B 36.9 GJ/h H-31A H-31B GPP 320.2 tn/h P-31A/B P-31C 79.6 GJ/h H-31 A/B H-31C

Mi heater bao gm khu vc bc x v khu vc i lu. Khu vc bc x c 46 ng dn xp thnh hai lp vi chiu cao mi ng l 12,015 m. Khu vc i lu gm 64 ng c chiu di 3,71 m mi ng. Mi ng heater c 6 u t, loi thi nng NOx thp v vn hnh bng kh nhin liu. Cc u t c h thng nh la t ng bng in. Bn cha hot oil l ni cha du nng, trc khi lun chuyn vo h thng n nh qu trnh gin n nhit ca dng nng. Mt cng tc bo v mc du thp (LSLL-5402) s dng cc my bm P-31 bo v. Bn cha du nng V-31. - p sut vn hnh: 150 ~ 250 kpaG. - Nhit vn hnh: 163 ~ 230oC. - ng knh 2200 mm x chiu cao 7500 mm. - Bm du nng tun hon P-31 A/B/C. - Chnh p: 630 kPa. - Cng sut: 270 m3/h.Lp: DH08H2 Page 55

Bo co thc tp: - B lc du nng. - Cng sut: 50 m3/h


- Kh nng tch: 99% cc ht kch thc t 10 micron tr ln. - Thit b gia nhit H-31 A/B/C. - Loi: gia nhit trc tip. - Cng sut: 47.52 GJ/h. II.6.4. H thng kh nhin liu. Cc thit b s dng kh nhin liu bao gm: - My pht in chy kh G-71 A/B/C. - Gia nhit du nng: H-31 A/B/C. - Kh mi cho Flare ME-51. - Kh mi cho Burnpit ME-52 - ng c ca my nn K-01 A/B. - ng c ca my nn K-02/03. - ng c ca my nn K-1011 A/B/C/D. H thng kh nhin liu bao gm thit b gia nhit E-41 v bnh tch V41 thit k p sut ti a l 500 kPaG. E-41 c thit k tng nhit kh nhin liu ln trn im sng. Kh nhin liu c ly t nhnh trc phn nn ca CC-01 trong ch vn hnh bnh thng. Khi phi khi ng h thng sau khi dng nh my th kh nhin liu c ly t u ra ca V-08. Ngoi ra, thun li cho qu trnh khi ng li mt ngun kh nhin liu khc c tch ra t ng kh thng phm u ra ca nh my. Ti V-41 c hai van iu khin p sut c lp t m bo tin cy ca h thng quan trong ny. Trong trng hp mt van b tc do Hydrate th van cn li vn hot ng. Gi tr ci t cho hai van ny ln

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Bo co thc tp:


lt l 350 kPaG cho PIC-5802 A v 300 kPaG cho BIC-5802 B. Methanol c th s dng trong trng hp c van b tc do hydrate. Trc khi khi ng ch AMF, nh my s khng c kh nhin liu. Ngun in cho nh my c cung cp bi my pht diesel G-72. Sau khi khi ng, ngun in chuyn sang t my pht chy kh G-71 A/B/C v G72 s dng d phng hoc cho trng hp khn cp. Lng ngng t trong V-41 s c x ra h thng close drain qua B iu khin mc. Thit b gia nhit E-41. - Loi: double pipe. - Cng sut: 0.059 x 1.1MW. - p sut vn hnh: 3190 kPa. - Nhit vn hnh: 45oC. Bnh tch V-41. - p sut vn hnh: 350 kPaG. - Nhit vn hnh: 20oC. - ng knh: 700 mm x chiu cao 1900 mm II.6.5. H thng nc lm mt. Lu lng nc lm mt cn phi s dng ca thit b: - CC-01: 20 m3/h. - K-04 A/B: 1.8 m3/h. - K-61 A/B: 16 m3/h. - P-31 A/B/C: 1.82 m3/h. H thng nc lm mt l h thng tun hon kn vi qut lm mt E-61, hai my bm P-63 A/B v bn cha nc lm mt V-64. Thit b trao i nhit E-61 c hai qut vn hnh. Nc lm mt c b sung t h thngLp: DH08H2 Page 57

Bo co thc tp:


nc sinh hot chung. Lu lng tun hon c hin th bi FI-5901 v iu chnh bng bypass vi PCV-5901. Nhit nc cp ra v tun hon v c hin th bi TI-5901/5902. Trong trng hp p sut u ra thp (di 400 kPaG) th bm P-63 d phng s t ng c kch hot. Cc thng s ca thit b nh sau: Qut lm mt E-61. - Cng sut 1.74 x 1.1 GJ/h. - Nhit vo: 51 oC. - Nhit ra: 45 oC. Bm nc lm mt P-63 A/B. - Chnh p: 440 kPa. - Cng sut: 70 m3/h. Bn cha nc lm mt V-64. - p sut vn hnh: p sut kh quyn. - ng knh 1500 mm x chiu cao 3800 mm. II.6.6. H thng x l nc nhim du. Nc ma khng nhim bn t cc b mt sch ngoi khu vc thit b s c a ra mng nc v thi ra ngoi khu vc nh my. Nc nhim du c gom vo b tch du trng lc API Y71. Nc thi c tch ra s c bm nc thi P75 A/B a qua b lc Coalescer V74 lm sch du bm theo mt ln na, sau a ra cng vi nc khng nhim du. Du t b gt vng du trong Y71 s chy sang b cha du V71. T y, du c thu gom ra thng mang i x l li hoc c th a bng P74 ra burnpit t (hn ch). H thng c thit k vi cng sut 40 m3/h nc nhim du (dng lin tc).Lp: DH08H2 Page 58

Bo co thc tp: B tch du API 71.


- Kch thc: 4200 mm Di x 3600 mm Ngang x 3650 mm Su. B cha du V 71. - Kch thc: 1500 mm Di x 1100 mm Ngang x 3200 mm Su. B cha nc V3. - Kch thc: 4200 mm di x 2400 mm Ngang x 4500 mm Su Coalescer V 74 . - Cng sut: 40 m3/h. - sch: 15 ppm du u ra. Bm du P 74. - Loi: ly tm ng. - Chnh p: 350 kPa. - Cng sut: 4 m3/h. Bm nc P 75 A/B. - Loi: Ly tm ng. - Chnh p: 350 kPa. - Cng sut: 20 m3/h. II.6.7. H thng nc. Nc c s dng vi cc mc ch: - Sinh hot. - B sung nc cu ha. - B sung nc lm mt. - Cung cp cho cc cng tc bo dng. H thng nc bao gm bn cha TK61, bm nc lm mt b sung P62 A/B. Trong qu trnh vn hnh bnh thng, nc t ngun nc bn ngoi nh my c a thng ti cc im s dng m khng vn hnh PLp: DH08H2 Page 59

Bo co thc tp:


62 A/B. P-62 A/B c s dng ch trong cc trng hp bt thng, khi ngun nc t bn ngoi nh my khng hot ng. B cha nc TK 61. - Kch thc: 5700 mm ng knh x 4500 mm Cao. Bm nc lm mt b sung P 62 A/B. - Chnh p: 490 kPa. - Cng sut: 15 m3/h. II.6.8. H thng bm Methanol. Methanol c s dng nh l cht c ch chng to Hydrate trong cc h thng lm lnh ti nh my. Methanol c np vo bnh cha V52 (ng knh 750 mm, cao 3.500 mm). Th tch bnh cha l 1,5 m3/h tng ng vi th tch m h thng hot ng lin tc trong 20h. Nit c a vo nhm mc ch gi p sut cho V52 v trnh hin tng r r cho methanol. Van PCV3001 c ci t 100 kPaG, v van PCV0302 c ci t 150 kPaG. Van an ton PSV3001 c thit k p sut 350 kPaG. H thng bm Methanol P25 A/B/C l cc bm pistong c cng sut 13 lt/h, p sut u x 11500 kPaG, c nhim v bm cht lng t bn V25, a vo cc u phn phi. Mi h thng bm c bo v khi s qu p bng cc van an ton. C ba ng ng phn phi methanol chnh, mt cung cp cho E- 14, mt u cp cho E20 v ng cn li cung cp cho cc im cn li. Cc ng ng phn phi c bo v qu p nh cc van an ton c ci t p sut 13900 kPaG.

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II.6.9. H thng cht to mi. Cht to mi c bm vo sn phm Bupro thng qua h thng cht to mi ME 28. H thng cht to mi bao gm cc thit b iu khin, cc bm mng chy bng kh Nit, cc thit b o v bn cha. Mc ch ca cht to mi l pht hin s r r LPG. Cht to mi l cc Mercaptan c bm vo sn phm vi lu lng t 40 60 ppm. Cng sut ca h thng bm l 500 gallon, tng ng vi lu lng dng cho 20 ngy hot ng lin tc.

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C CHNG III: M BO AN TON NH MY.

III.1.An Ton Lao ng. Vn c quan tm hng u trong nh my chnh l vn an ton lao ng, an ton lao ng chnh l vn quyt nh s hot ng n nh ca nh my. V th, tt c mi ngi khi vo nh my th phi hiu r c tt c nhng vn mnh s gp phi, qua hn ch ti a nhng thit hi c th c i vi nh my. Trong qu trnh vn hnh nh my, mt vn cn thit l nhn ra c cc mi nguy him khc nhau c th xy ra trong qu trnh vn hnh, t a ra cc qu trnh x l, gim thiu ri ro do nguy him c th gy ra. III.2. Cc mi nguy him ca cc sn phm t kh. Tt c cc sn phm du m (propane, butane v condensate) u c kh nng ho hi ph thuc vo tng loi sn phm khc nhau. Trong khng gian hn hp, cc hi ny s lm gim nng kh oxy trong khng kh ,v vy s gy kh khn cho vic duy tr s th bnh thng. Hi hydrocarbon cng to ra cc tc ng vt l c hi cho sc kho. Propane v butane l cc cht kh chy n khi to hn hp vi khng kh hay oxy. Condensate l mt cht d bt chy v kh nng bay hi cao di iu kin nhit , p sut bnh thng. V cc hi hydrocarbon ny nng hn khng kh, nn chng s bay thp di mt t v c kh nng hnh thnh hn hp chy n. a. Cc tc ng v mt vt l. - Tng quan chung v hydrocarbon. Hi hydrocarbon nng hn khng kh, thng tch t ti cc im thp gn mt t. Nu ht phi khng kh c nng hydrocarbon khong 0,1% trong vng 5 pht, con ngi s cm thy chong vng, chng mt. Nu nng hydrocarbon tng ln 0,5% con ngi ht phi khng kh nh th, khong 4 pht th c th biu hin triu chng ging nh say ru. Nng

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cc i ca hydrocarbon (tr H2S) khng nn vt qu 0,1% trnh gy nhim c cho con ngi. - Propane v Butane. Khi propane hoc butane chy trong iu kin thiu oxy s sinh ra cht carbonmono-oxide (CO) do qu trnh chy khng hon ton cn c bit quan tm n vn thng thong. Khi cht lng tip xc vi da, s bng lnh c th gy hi cho da nn cn phi phng cn thn. - Condensate. Hi condensate l cht c hi i vi con ngi. Khi tip xc, u tin s gy kch ng mt, sau s i km cc triu chng v thn kinh nh chong vng, chng mt. Ging nh s nhim c, bnh nhn s la ln, ht vu v, ci v ngha v cui cng l cm thy kh khn i li. Da s tr nn x x khi tip xc thi gian di vi condensate. Cc aromatic c trong condensate c th gy ung th. Khi nut phi condensate, gy triu chng nn ma, kch ng mng nhy ca h tiu ho, ko theo s ri lon, co git, gy cm gic kh chu v cc vn v h hp. Khi nut phi mt lng ln, c th gy mt tnh to, mt thc. - Chy n. Khi t l hi hydrocarbon trong hn hp hydrocarbon khng kh ri vo gii hn chy n (gii hn chy n ca mt s hydrocarbon quan trng xem bng pha di) , th s gy ra chy n nu c s hin din ca ngn la mi nh s nh la hay mt ngn la trn. Hn hp hydrocarbon c th di chuyn st mt t mt khong cch ng k v bt la khi gp mt ngun nh la hoc ngn la trn.

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Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C *Gii hn chy n ca cc hydrocarbon:

Thnh phn Methane Ethane Propane Butane Pentane Hexane Gasoline Naptha

(LEL,%Vol/Vol Air) 5,3 3,2 2,4 1,6 1,4 1,2 1,3 1,2

(HEL,%Vol/Vol Air) 14,0 12,5 9,5 9,5 7,5 6,9 6,0 6,0

- Ngun nhit v ngn la trn. Khi ngun la gn khu vc c s hin din ca hydrocarbon s to thnh mt mi nguy him, bi ngn la trn s lm chy hi hydrocarbon hay lm bay hi v gia nhit hydrocarbon n im bc chy. V d cho nhng nguy him nh th ny l que dim, iu thuc. - T bc chy. Ba iu kin cn i vi s chy l: cht chy, lng oxy va v ngun nhit. Trong khng kh t do s khng c ri ro t bc chy nu nhit hi hydrocarbon thp hn nhit bc chy. Tuy nhin, nu nhit hydrocarbon bng vi nhit bc chy ca n, hi hydrocarbon c th bt la khi ho trn vi oxy c sn trong kh quyn ngay c khi khng c s tr gip ca ngn la hay ngun nh la. iu ny c bit n nh l s bc chy. Ni chung, ri ro ca s t bc chy s cng cao khi khi lng phn t ca hydrocarbon cng tng. Nhit t bc chy ca mt vi hydrocarbon quan trng c cho trong bng di y:

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Bo co thc tp: Thnh phn Ethane Propane Butane Pentane Hexane Gasoline (xng) Kerosene Du bi trn

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C Nhit t bc chy,0 C 516 466 430 309 247 256 254 417

- Tia la. Cc ngun c th sinh ra tia la nh sau: + S c xt/ch xt gia cc ming kim loi st vi nhau hay gia cc ming st vi cc vt liu cng khc nh b tng. + S ri ca cc dng c bng st. + Tia la pht ra t s li lng /lung lay khi lp rp cc u mi in. - St. St thng nh vo cc vt th bng kim loi nh cc ng khi, cc thp, bn cha v cc to nh cao tng bi v chiu cao ca chng. Vic st nh c th lm h hi cu trc hay dn n chy n hn hp hydrocarbon khng kh nu tn ti. - Tnh in. Tnh in c th sinh ra bi s ch xt cc vt th vi nhau, v c th tch t sinh ra tia la mnh hnh thnh nn ngn la hoc cc v n. S tch in c th c sinh ra bi s ch xt ca cc sn phm du m ln b mt trong ca ng ng, bn cha v cc thit b khc. S tnh in cng c th c sinh ra bi cc hot ng vn hnh khc nh eo dy ai an ton. Mt h thng ni t ring s, thc s cn thit cho vic m bo an ton cho cc hot ng vn hnh ny.Lp: DH08H2 Page 65

Bo co thc tp: b. S n mn.


Bn thn propan, butan v condensate l cht khng n mn kim loi. Nhng c cha c cht gy nhim nh lu hunh th chng s n mn kim loi nh ng, st rt mnh. III.3. Hng dn an ton. Tt c mi ngi phi am hiu v tun theo cc nguyn tc sau: - Lau sch cn thn mi vt du m trn da. Khi du m dnh vo da s to iu kin tt cho cc vi khun gy hi bm vo da. Cn ra sch bng nc v x phng. - Nu qun o bo h dnh acid, cht n da, cn v cc cht ha hc khc th cn phi ci qun o ngay tc khc v tm bng nc sch. - Cc dng c c khuyt im th khng nn s dng. - S dng dng c thch hp i vi tng cng vic c th. - Cc dy ai an ton hay dy cu sinh phi c s dng khi lm vic cao trn 2 mt. - Khng nn dng c v vt ri t trn cao xung. III.3.1. i vi thit b in. - Ch s dng cc my mc thuc v in c cho php. Bao bc che chn my mc lin quan n in trnh s xm nhp ca kh gas chy n. - Chc chn rng cc thit b m bn ang lm vic cng phi c ni t mt cch ng n. - Khng bao gi c ng cng tc hay tt ngun m khng c s cho php ca c quan gim st. - Tt c cng tc phi c c lp ngun nng lng v kha trc khi thit b cng ngh lm vic tr li. - Bt c khi no cc thit b in ang trong iu kin bo dng, phi ngt cng tc hay cu ch v kha chng li. Treo bin bo ln cng tc.

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Bo co thc tp:


III.3.2. i vi vic r r v cch x l. - Khi xy ra r r phi ch n kh nng chy n, bi s tch t ti cc v tr thp ca cc cht kh nng hn khng kh. - Khi mt s r r xy ra, nhanh chng di di cc ngun nh la xung quanh v ng van ct ngun kh. - Khi r r t bn cha tin hnh chuyn lu cht sang bn khc. - Cn phi to khng gian thong ti im r r. III.4. Khi vo nh my cn lu ti nhng bin bo cm v ch dn. III.4.1. Khi c s c xy ra. a. Ci bo ng vang ln. - Ci khn cp. - Ci bo la. - Ci bo kh. - Ci bo nhng tnh trng khc. - Ci bo yn. b. Phng iu khin thng bo loa ngh nhng ngi khng c nhim v ng cu ri khi nh my. c. Thot khi khu vc lm vic bng cc cng thot him gn nht. d. Tp trung ti im tp kt (cng chnh khu iu hnh). III.4.2. Quy nh an ton ca nh my. - Ni quy ra vo. - Ni quy xe ra vo. - Ni quy phng chy cha chy. - Ni quy lm vic. - Quy nh an ton chung. III.4.3. Nhng quy nh chung ca nh my khi vo lm vic. - Phi c giy php ra vo.

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Bo co thc tp: - S dng bo h lao ng.


- Khng mang theo vt dng c th gy la. - Khng ht thuc v cc hot ng to la. - Tun theo ch dn ca cn b ch dn. - Quan st li thot him v im tp kt. - Thot ra khi nh my v n im tp kt khi c ci bo ng. III.5. Nguyn tc an ton cho cc h thng vn hnh c th. Cc hng dn an ton sau y cho cc hot ng vn hnh phi c thc hin thng xuyn trong khu vc nh my. Cc nguyn tc an ton chung ny phi c hiu thng sut v tt c mi ngi phi tun th nghim tc. a. Ly mu v lm sch u ni ly mu. Trc khi m mt u ni lm sch hay ly mu, chc chn rng nhit sn phm lc s khng to mt nguy him no v to la hay gy chy. Cc sn phm nng v nng hu ht u l cc sn phm nguy him, khi chng t n gn nhit t bc chy ca chng. Cc im u ni ly mu cho cc sn phm c nhit nng thng ni qua cun dy nhng trong nc. Cc im x vent hay tho lng ca cc sn phm c nhit nng m khng c s dng thng xuyn, nn c ng kn bng np chp hay bch m. Nu sn phm c yu cu x vent, ni ng vent qua ng ng lm lnh trc khi tin hnh x. Khi x vent nn m t t. Ngi vn hnh phi tc trc ti im ly mu hay lm sch cho n khi no ng mu c ng li. Cc im u ni ly mu, lm sch i vi sn phm ha lng phi c hai van. Lun lun m van thng ngun hon ton v iu chnh dng bng van h ngun (van cn li). S x lng ti y cc bn cha khng nn c thc hin m khng c s gim st. Vn hnh vin nn tc trc thng xuyn ti v tr x cho n khi cng vic thc hin xong.

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Bo co thc tp: b. C lp cc van an ton.


Cc van an ton thng c lp t cc van c lp thng ngun v h ngun. iu ny nhm to thun tin cho vic sa cha an ton. Mt iu quan trng l phi m bo rng cc van c lp c xch kha v tr m khi lp t nh my. i vi cc van an ton cn tho ra khi ng ng sa cha, th cn lp mt van an ton d phng. Nu khng c van d phng th cn chuyn ch vn hnh ca nh my, ng vi iu kin khng cn van an ton hoc shutdown nh my. III.6. An ton ha cht. Hu ht cc loi ha cht u c mi nguy him tim tng, nu khng s dng cn thn c th gy nguy him n con ngi v ti sn. V th, iu bt buc rng tt c cc c tnh nguy him ca tt c cc ha cht, nn c nhn din y trc khi s dng. Cc ha cht sau thng c s dng trong cc nh my x l kh, du yu cu phi phng c bit khi s dng: - Methanol (CH3OH) - Odorant (ethyl mecraptan) - Hydrogen (H2) - Nitrogen (N2) - Helium (He) - .. III.7. Phn loi khu vc nguy him. Phn loi khu vc nguy him (ML1200-053-001) c chun b ph hp vi tiu chun IP15, theo mi khu vc (zone) c xc nh nh sau: - Zone 0: L phn ca mt khu vc nguy him m ti kh d chy n hin din lin tc hay hin din trong mt thi gian di.

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Bo co thc tp:


- Zone 1: L phn ca mt khu vc nguy him m ti kh d chy n thng xuyn xut hin trong cc iu kin vn hnh bnh thng. - Zone 2: L phn ca mt khu vc nguy him m ti kh d chy n khng xut hin thng xuyn iu kin vn hnh bnh thng, v nu xut hin th s tn ti trong thi gian ngn. Tt c cc cng c in v thit b trong nh my c la chn ph hp vi cc yu cu ca vic phn loi khu vc ca n. Bn trong khu vc khng nguy him c thng thong ti p sut cao hn p sut kh quyn, ti thiu ha kh nng xm nhp vo cc vng kh nguy him.

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C CHNG IV: KT LUN

Mi trng kh l mi trng c nguy c chy n cao v vy vn an ton phi c t ln hng u, ngoi kin thc chuyn mn. Do , ngi k s vn hnh cn c nhng kin thc tt, k nng x l cng vic hiu qu cng vi mt tinh thn trch nhim, thc k lut cao trong cng vic. Nh chng ta bit nhng kin thc m chng ta c hc tp ti trng v iu kin lm vic ngoi thc tin rt khc xa, rt kh hiu v kh khn i vi cc sinh vin mi thc tp nh chng ti. Nhng trong qu trnh thc tp ti nh my, chng ti nhn c s gip rt nhiu t thy Mai Xun Ba, cc anh (ch) k s, chng ti tm hiu, c hc hi nhng kinh nghim lm vic thc t rt qu bu, cng nh cng c thm kin thc chuyn ngnh. V c bn nm c s lc cc quy trnh cng ngh trong nh my, cc ch vn hnh, t thit b chnh n h thng ph tr gip nh my hot ng tt nht trong cc iu kin. Nhng do hn ch v kin thc cng nh thi gian, ban u cn cha hon thin nn bi bo co vn cn nhiu thiu st v hn ch cn khc phc, chng ti chn thnh cm n nhng li ph bnh t nhng ngi quan tm. T , nhm chng ti s hon thin mnh hn v chun b cho mnh mt kin thc vng chc cho tng lai cng vic sau ny. Cng qua qu trnh cng tc ti nh my GPP, chng ti hc c nhiu iu v rt ra c mt s kinh nghim: Trong cuc sng, hc tp, ng x. - Khng ngi, khng che giu s yu km. Cn tch cc hc hi hn, tm hiu b sung kin thc. - Lun lun c tinh thn hc hi kinh nghim, tip thu kin thc mi. - i vi cp trn, ngi i trc phi lun knh trng.

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Bo co thc tp:


- Lun c tinh thn k lut, t gic, tinh thn trch nhim cao v s nghip chung. - Lun c thi nim n i vi mi ngi, lun c li cho hi trc khi gp bt k ai. Mt ln na, nhm thc tp chng ti xin gi li cm n chn thnh n ban lnh o cng ty, thy Mai Xun Ba, cng cc anh (ch) k s to iu kin thun li cho chng ti trong qu trnh thc tp ti nh my. Cui cng, chng ti xin knh chc thng li n nh my x l kh Dinh C, v chc sc khe n ton b cn b cng nhn vin.

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Bo co thc tp:

Quy trnh x l kh ca nh my kh Dinh C CHNG V:

CC N V O P SUT V QUAN H GIA CHNG

1 Pa 1 Bar 1 at 1 atm 1 psi

Pa 1 N/m2 100000 98.066,5 101.325

Bar at atm psi 10-5 1.019710-5 9.869210-6 145,0410-6 106 (dyn/cm2 ) 1,0197 0,98692 14,504 0,980665 1,01325 1(kgf/cm2) 1,0322 0,96784 1 14,223 14,696

6.894.76 68,94810-3

70,30710-3 68,04610-3 1(lbf/in2)

TI LIU THAM KHO.

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Bo co thc tp:


1. PV GAS, S tay vn hnh nh my ch x l kh Dinh C, Dinh C, 2002. 2. Nguyn Th Minh Hin, Cng ngh ch bin kh t nhin v kh ng hnh, Nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut, H Ni, 2000. 3. Tiu chun c s TC 01-2004/PV Gas kh thin nhin, kh kh thng phm,yu cu k thut. 4. Tiu chun c s TC 02-2004/PV Gas kh ha lng- yu cu k thut. 5. Tiu chun c s TC 02-2004/PV Gas condensate thng phm- yu cu k thut. 6. Th Ngha, K thut an ton trong sn xut v s dng ha cht, NXB Tr, 2007. 7. Nguyn Bin, Cc qu trnh thit b trong cng ngh ha cht v thc phm, tp 4, NXB k thut.

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