Beginning Direct3D Game Programming:5. Basics

jintaeks@gmail.comDivision of Digital Contents, DongSeo University.

April 2016

Compiling the Tutorial

C:\DxSdk_200806\Samples\C++\Direct3D\Tutorials\Tut01_CreateDevice\– CreateDevice_2008.sln

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Fix error : identifier '__RPC__out_xcount_part'

error C2061: syntax error : identifier '__RPC__out_xcount_part'

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Open Property Manager Open property manager for Microsoft.Cpp.Win32.user

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Include Directory C:\DxSdk_200806\Include; must be located at last of in-

clude directory string.– $(VC_IncludePath);$(WindowsSDK_IncludePath);C:\

DxSdk_200806\Include;

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Library Directory C:\DxSdk_200806\Lib\x86; must be located at last of li-

brary directory string.– $(VC_LibraryPath_x86);$(WindowsSDK_LibraryPath_x86);C:\

DxSdk_200806\Lib\x86;

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Tutorial 02: Rendering Vertices

The Vertices sample project creates the simplest shape, a triangle, and renders it to the display.– Step 1 - Defining a Custom Vertex Type – Step 2 - Setting Up the Vertex Buffer – Step 3 - Rendering the Display

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Step 1 – Defining a Custom Vertex Type The Vertices sample project renders a 2D triangle by us-

ing three vertices.– struct CUSTOMVERTEX– {– FLOAT x, y, z, rhw; // The transformed position for the vertex.– DWORD color; // The vertex color.– };

The next step is to define the FVF that describes the contents of the vertices in the vertex buffer.– #define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW|

D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)

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Step 2 – Setting Up the Vertex Buffer The following code fragment initializes the values for

three custom vertices.– CUSTOMVERTEX vertices[] =– {– { 150.0f, 50.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0xffff0000, }, // x, y, z, rhw, color– { 250.0f, 250.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0xff00ff00, },– { 50.0f, 250.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0xff00ffff, },– };

The next step is to call IDirect3DDevice9::CreateVertexBuffer to create a vertex buffer as shown in the following code fragment.– if( FAILED( g_pd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer( 3*sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX),– 0 /*Usage*/, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pVB,

NULL ) ) )– return E_FAIL;

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After creating a vertex buffer, it is filled with data from the custom vertices.– VOID* pVertices;– if( FAILED( g_pVB->Lock( 0, sizeof(vertices), (void**)&pVertices, 0 ) ) )– return E_FAIL;

– memcpy( pVertices, vertices, sizeof(vertices) );

– g_pVB->Unlock();

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Step 3 – Rendering the Display Rendering the display starts by clearing the back buffer

to a blue color and then calling BeginScene.– g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET,

D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255), 1.0f, 0L );– g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene();

You need to set the stream source; in this case, use stream 0.– g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) );

The next step is to call IDirect3DDevice9::SetFVF to identify the fixed function vertex shader.– g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX );

The next step is to use IDirect3DDevice9::DrawPrimitive to render the vertices in the vertex buffer.– g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1 );

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The last steps are to end the scene and then present the back buffer to the front buffer.– g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();– g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );

Primitives in Direct3D 9 A 3D primitive is a collection of vertices that form a sin-

gle 3D entity.– The simplest primitive is a collection of points in a 3D coordi-

nate system, which is called a point list. Direct3D devices can create and manipulate the follow-

ing types of primitives.– Point Lists (Direct3D 9) – Line Lists (Direct3D 9) – Line Strips (Direct3D 9) – Triangle Lists (Direct3D 9) – Triangle Strips (Direct3D 9) – Triangle Fans (Direct3D 9)

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Point Listsstruct CUSTOMVERTEX{

float x,y,z;};

CUSTOMVERTEX Vertices[] = {

{-5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{ 0.0, 5.0, 0.0},{ 5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{10.0, 5.0, 0.0},{15.0, -5.0, 0.0},{20.0, 5.0, 0.0}

};

d3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_POINTLIST, 0, 3 );

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Line ListsCUSTOMVERTEX Vertices[] = {

{-5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{ 0.0, 5.0, 0.0},{ 5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{10.0, 5.0, 0.0},{15.0, -5.0, 0.0},{20.0, 5.0, 0.0}

}; The code example below shows how to use IDirect3D-

Device9::DrawPrimitive to render this line list.//// It is assumed that d3dDevice is a valid// pointer to a IDirect3DDevice9 interface.//d3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_LINELIST, 0, 3 );

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Line StripsCUSTOMVERTEX Vertices[] = {

{-5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{ 0.0, 5.0, 0.0},{ 5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{10.0, 5.0, 0.0},{15.0, -5.0, 0.0},{20.0, 5.0, 0.0}

};

The code example below shows how to use IDirect3D-Device9::DrawPrimitive to render this line strip.

d3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_LINESTRIP, 0, 5 );

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Triangle ListsCUSTOMVERTEX Vertices[] = {

{-5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{ 0.0, 5.0, 0.0},{ 5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{10.0, 5.0, 0.0},{15.0, -5.0, 0.0},{20.0, 5.0, 0.0}

}; The code example below shows how to use IDirect3D-

Device9::DrawPrimitive to render this triangle list.//// It is assumed that d3dDevice is a valid// pointer to a IDirect3DDevice9 interface.//d3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 2 );

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Triangle Strips A triangle strip is a series of connected triangles.

– Because the triangles are connected, the application does not need to repeatedly specify all three vertices for each triangle.

The system uses vertices v1, v2, and v3 to draw the first triangle; v2, v4, and v3 to draw the second triangle.

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CUSTOMVERTEX Vertices[] = {

{-5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{ 0.0, 5.0, 0.0},{ 5.0, -5.0, 0.0},{10.0, 5.0, 0.0},{15.0, -5.0, 0.0},{20.0, 5.0, 0.0}

};

The code example below shows how to use IDirect3D-Device9::DrawPrimitive to render this triangle strip.

d3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 0, 4);

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Triangle Fans A triangle fan is similar to a triangle strip, except that all

the triangles share one vertex.

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CUSTOMVERTEX Vertices[] = {

{ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0},{-5.0, 5.0, 0.0},{-3.0, 7.0, 0.0},{ 0.0, 10.0, 0.0},{ 3.0, 7.0, 0.0},{ 5.0, 5.0, 0.0},

};

The code example below shows how to use IDirect3D-Device9::DrawPrimitive to render this triangle fan.

d3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLEFAN, 0, 4 );

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References

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