brain-inspired robotics and neural dynamics: lecture 02 (2015)

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脳脳脳脳脳脳 2 脳脳 脳 脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳 、体、 脳脳脳 脳脳脳脳 脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳脳 脳脳脳脳脳 脳脳脳脳脳 Hiroaki Wagatsuma @ Kyutech 脳脳脳脳脳脳脳 脳脳脳 「」 ,4 脳 13:00 16 40 脳脳脳脳 脳6/3 脳 脳脳 脳 脳 脳脳脳脳脳脳 脳脳脳脳脳脳脳 Equations for describing biological systems, especially for non-linear phenomena

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Page 1: Brain-Inspired Robotics and Neural Dynamics: Lecture 02 (2015)

脳型知能創発2. 脳、生体、社会現象に関する数理モデル

講義者:我妻広明九州工業大学大学院生命体工学研究科

脳情報専攻

Hiroaki Wagatsuma @ Kyutech

「脳型知能創発」 月曜3 ,4限 13:00~ 16: 40 講義室2日 時: 6/3月  我妻会 場:九州工業大学 若松キャンパス

Equations for describing biological systems, especially for non-linear phenomena

Page 2: Brain-Inspired Robotics and Neural Dynamics: Lecture 02 (2015)

•ロボットは何のためにあるか (What for)

•ロボットは何ができるか (What it can do)

•ロボットに求められるもの (What is appropriate)

•ロボットに求められるもの (What we need)

•ロボットはどうやって賢くなるか (How it works well)

- Knowing and understanding human beings( for living together comfortably)

- 安全性と信頼性 (Safety and reliability; safe for others and is not broken unexpectedly)

- Investigate brain mechanisms such as intention, emotion and feelings. Finally we reach a way of implementation

すなわち、考えてみるべきことは ... Thus, we have to think

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ロボットの定義•認知・判断・理解などの人間(生物)が持つ能力について、特定の目的のために、代替するもの

•A substitution of human abilities (recognition, decision-making, understanding and so on) based on a specific purpose

•自動化→自律化 Automation and autonomous robot are different ( autonomous -> self discipline)

•personal memory, sympathy, awareness are necessary?

The definition of robots

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脳と知能と心を考える

Designed by T. Ikeda

知能

知能(ちのう、 intelligence)とは、論理的に考える、計画を立てる、問題解決する、言語機能、学習機能など様々な知的活動を含む心の特性のことである。知能は、しばしば幅広い概念も含めて捉えられるが、心理学領域では一般に、創造性、性格、知恵などとは分けて考えられている。

Designed by HIRO

生物ならではの「知能」を考えてみるNHK『発見!道具を使うサル』より

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我妻 広明   Hiroaki WAGATSUMA

PC-9801n Notebook PC( released in 1989)

photo in Neuroscience Institute (San Diego, USA)

Wagatsuma & Yamaguchi (2004; Cover photo)

PC-9801 series PC ( 1980 -)

Neural Basis of Cognitive Map( Theta phase coding)

Brain science & Engineering( Neuro-robotics)

Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology (KIT, or Kyutech)

VLSI開発

Engineering

Neuroscience

Integration

NEC (personal PC )

Kyutech( Brain-inspired Robots)

RIKEN BSI( Theoretical Neuroscience)

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As a higher cognitive function in the brain, we consider

“Self-referential intelligence”

Photos from www.carview.co.jp/ news

Photos from NHK special TV program   (2005) http://archives.nhk.or.jp/

Computers (Machines)・ Rule-based implementation・ Designed for a specific purpose

・ Consistent without any contradiction( logical descriptions)

v.s.

Biological System (Brain)

・ Intuitive - generative・ Self-referential (subjective)

・ Self-reinvention

( biological intelligence)

Moura&Lee(2004), “Capuchin stone tool use in Caatinga dry forest”, Science 306 (5703): pp.1909

ASIMO, a humanoid robot by Hondahttp://asimo.honda.com/

(set externally)

(modifiable internally)

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What is the brain-inspired robotics?

Is the computational neuroscience possible to contribute actual society by making a robot interacting with humans

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Our Conscious Awareness: a self-referential property

!

“ Aha! This is what I want!”

• Accurate motion control

• Object recognitions• Matching objects with

implemented targets• To be safe to use::

What is the awareness?

Necessary skills

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NHK TV program: NHK special, an amazonian fish

An Example of Biological

Intelligence

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HD_6zPyrb00

Copella Arnoldi - Le Characin Arroseur

Watch the following video

18:54-21:29

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Target Copella Arnoldi

Prevent to dry

Adaptation

Path planning

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Behaviors of Copella Arnoldi

To prevent itto be dry

Action

Cognition

( loop)

loop of cognition and action

consciousnessnoun 1: an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation; "he lost consciousness" [ant: {unconsciousness}] 2: having knowledge of; "he had no awareness of his mistakes"; "his sudden consciousness of the problem he faced"; "their intelligence and general knowingness was impressive" [syn: {awareness}, {cognizance}, {knowingness}]

Conscious Awareness

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Actions

Recognition

To focus a flow of information with dynamical changes

Matching between the top-down and bottom-up processes

Skills to operate objects at hand

+

Recognition what I intend(top-down, decomposition)

(bottom-up, composition)

matching agreement

a real-time constructive process of the matching in the environment:

“biological information”

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Long distance between fields

Brain ScienceEngineering

??

inspired from the body controland its morphology

Brain Science

inspired from the nerve center,higher-cognitive functions

inspired from our living society,and applied things to the society

Brain-Inspired Systems

Social

Embodiment

Intelligence

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http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8458.html

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数学は生物学すべてに浸透している。しかしながらその事実は生物学を学ぶ多くの学生にとって既知とはなっていない。

彼らが専攻を選んで随分経ってからその事実を知り、如何に自分自身で数理モデルを立てることが難しいかに直面する。

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渋谷交差点オックスフォードサーカス交差点

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_Circus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z04NrFXnrM4

Shibuya Circus in Japan

Oxford_Circus

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• A• B• C

どうやって数量化するか?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z04NrFXnrM4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QXtOdSgf6Ic&feature=player_embedded

How do you quantize?

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数量化可能なリストa list of quantizations

•人の数 the number of persons (countable factor; 1st )

•歩く方向 directions of walking (statistical value; 2nd)

•衝突 collision events (event definition; complex)

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Afpc_EcohcY

組織的な行動は ....more organized form is ...

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A static data

Statistical analyses

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ヒト免疫不全ウイルス(ヒトめんえきふぜんウイルス、英 : Human Immunodeficiency Virus、 HIV)は、人の免疫細胞に感染して免疫細胞を破壊し、最終的に後天性免疫不全症候群( AIDS)を発症させるウイルス。主に HIVに関して記述。 HIV感染症に関しては、主に後天性免疫不全症候群に記述

リンパ球に結合する HIV-1

後天性免疫不全症候群(こうてんせいめんえきふぜんしょうこうぐん、 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; AIDS)は、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス( HIV)が免疫細胞に感染し、免疫細胞を破壊して後天的に免疫不全を起こす免疫不全症のことである[1]。一般にエイズ( AIDS)の略称で知られている。

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1 million = 100万

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線形と非線形

linear relationnon-linear

linearization

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何を知りたいか?

できるだけシンプルに

時間単位を選ぶ

変数、定数、相互作用を記述

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動的課程(フロー)を記述

式を分析する(シミュレーション)

式に書き換える

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妥当性、バランス

式を見直す

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宿題 Assignment

どれとどれが対応するか?Which correspond to which?