chapter 7-td

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Chapter 7 The second law of thermodynamics Read BS, Chapter 7 Conservation of mass and energy are ne concepts that allow us to quantify and predict well many phenomena whic h are obse rv ed in nat ure. And if a phe nomena can be re peat ed, it becomes subject to prediction, and can be thought of as a science. However, conservation of mass and energy, by themselves, admit as possibilities phenom- ena which are not observed in nature! For instance consider an isolated system composed of two equal masses of liquid water. See Fig. 7.1. The rst is at T A = 310 K , the second is at A B  T = 310 K T = 290 K A B  T = 320 K T = 280 K A B  T = 300 K T = 300 K t not observed in nature observed in nature Figure 7.1: Sketch of two scenarios, both of which satisfy mass and energy conservation. T B = 290 K . A long time ela pse s. Becaus e the com bined system is isolated, the re are no 189

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