Ngữ pháp chuyên đề TENSE REVISION

I. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE: Thì hiện tại đơn1. Form

2. Usage:– Chỉ hành động thường hay làm theo thói quen ở hiện tại:( thường có các trạng từ chỉ mức độ

thường xuyên như: always, often, usually, sometime, frequently, rarely, never…;every day/ week, generally…)Ex: I go to school every day.

– Chỉ sự thật hiển nhiên: Ex: Two and two are four.– Chỉ hành động hoặc sự kiện diễn ra ở hiện tai: Ex: He says he wants to marry her.

II. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE: Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn1. Form:

Positive S+ is / am/ are +V-ing +OQuestion Is /am / are + S + V-ing +O?Negative S + is /am /are + not+V-ing + O

2. Usage: – Chỉ hành động đang tiến hành ở hiện tại (now, at the moment, right now, at present…)

Ex: The children are returning home now.– Chỉ hành động tiến hành cùng lúc với hành động khác:( while, whereas…)

Ex: He is studying while his brothers are sleeping.– Chỉ hành động đang xảy ra thì có hành động khác xen ngang: (when…)

Ex: We are having dinner when he comes. – Chỉ hành động ở tương lai đã được dự trù trước hoặc tương lai gần:

Ex: I’m seeing Tom tomorrow.Ex: They are coming by the five o’clock train.

3. Remark: Không dùng thì tiếp diễn với các động từ chỉ tình trạng, nhận thức, tri giác hoặc sở hữu.

LikeLoveHateWantNeedPreferKnowRealiseSupposeEndNoticeMindUnderstandAppear

RegretMeanBelieveRememberBelongContainConsistDependSeemRecognizeDesireExpectHave toDislike

TouchForgiveForgetBeginStartCommenceContinueStopFinishWishCareConsistOwn…

SeeHearSmellTasteFeel….

Think (= believe )Ex: What do you think will happen?

Have ( = possess )Ex: We have a nice house.

Look :(trông có vẻ)Ex: He looks tired.

Positive Question NegativeI /We / You /They +V + O

Do +S+V +O? S+do not/ don’t +V+O

He / She /It +Vs/ es + O Does+S+V+O? S+does not/doesn’t+V+ O

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề III. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE: Thì hiện tại hoàn thành

1. Form: Positive S + have / has + V3/ ed + OQuestion Have / has + S + V3/ ed + O?Negative S + have/ has + not + V3/ ed + O

2. Usage: – Chỉ hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và hành động đó kéo dài đến hiện tại: (for, since)

Ex: I have taught English for 8 years now. ( … since 2000.)– Chỉ hành động vừa mới xảy ra hoặc xảy ra gần đây.(just,recently, lately…)

Ex: He has just gone out.– Chỉ hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và hành động đó không cần xác định rõ vào thời điểm nào:

Ex: I have read this book already.Ex: He has sent her a letter recently.

– Chỉ hành động lập đi lập lại trong quá khứ nhiều lần:Ex: I have been to Hanoi several times.

– Chỉ hành động xong trước một hành động khác ở hiện tại hay tương lai:Ex: You’ll pass the test after you have done these exercises.Ex: He says that he has completed his work.

IV. SIMPLE PAST TENSE: Thì quá khứ đơn1. Form:

2. Use: dùng diễn đạt:

– Hành động, sự việc xảy ra tại một thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ.Ex: She bought this car last year.

– Hành động, sự việc xảy ra trong suốt một quãng thời gian dài trong quá khứ nhưng nay đã chấm dứt.Ex: Mr Ben spent all his youth in Africa.

– Hành động lặp đi, lặp lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ nhưng bây giờ không còn nữa.Ex: My father always drank a cup of coffee for breakfast.

V. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE: Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn1. Form:

Positive S + was/were/ V-ing +OQuestion Was/were + S + V-ing + O ?Negative S + wasn’t/weren’t + V-ing + O

2. Use: dùng để:– Diễn đạt hành động, sự việc đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.

Ex: She was cooking dinner at 5 p.m.– Nhấn mạnh hành động, sự việc diễn ra liên tục trong một khoảng thời gian xác định

trong quá khứ.

Ex: They were quarrelling the whole time they were together.– Nói về hai hành động, sự việc diễn ra đồng thời trong quá khứ.Ex: I was reading while my sister was coloring a picture.– Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ (dùng past

progressive ) thì có hành động khác xảy đến xen ngang vào ( dùng simple past ).Ex: We were having lunch when he came.

Positive S + V2/ed + O

Question Did + S + V +O?Negative S + did not/didn’d + V + O

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

VI. PAST PERFECT TENSE: Thì quá khứ hoàn thành1. Form:

Positive S + had + V3/ed +OQuestion Had + S + V3/ed +O ?Negative S + had not / hadn’d +V3/ed +O

2. Use: dùng diễn đạt:– Hành động, sự việc đã diễn ra trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ.

Ex: He ( had ) finished his work before dinner time. Khi mối quan hệ về thời gian của hai hành động rõ ràng ( có các liên từ after, before, as soon

as ), ta có thể dùng cả hai thì quá khứ hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn.

– Hành động, sự việc đã diễn ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.Ex: I realized that I had made a silly mistake.

– Hành động đã xảy ra và kéo dài đến một thời điểm trong quá khứ.Ex: Jone hadn’d known Sue for very long when they got married.VII. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE: Thì tương lai đơn

1. Form: Positive Question Negative

I / We + shall + V0 + O Shall + S+ V0 + O? S + shall not/ shan’t + V0 + OHe/She/It/You/They+ will + V0 + O

Will + S + V0 + O? S + will not/ won’t + V0 + O

WILL: có thể dùng cho tất cả các ngôi.2. Usage:– Chỉ hành động hay sự kiện sẽ xảy ra ở tương ở tương lai.

Ex: The play will be over at 10 o’clock.– Chỉ sự mời mọc hay thỉnh cầu.

Ex: Will you open the door for me? Note: WILL có thể dùng với ngôi thứ nhất; SHALL có thể dùng với ngôi thứ hai và ba để chỉ

sự hứa hẹn hay quyết tâm.Ex: My parents shall have a car for me next week.( hứa hẹn)Ex: I will do as I have promised.(quyết tâm)Ex: You shall be punished.(đe dọa)

3. Future of intention: chỉ hành động sẽ được thực hiện theo ý định.S + be going to + V0

Ex: I am going to study harder for the exam.VIII. FUTURE CONTIUOUS TENSE: Thì tương lai tiếp diễn

1. Form: Positive S + shall / will + be + V-ing + OQuestion Shall / will + S + be +V-ing + O?Negative S + shall / will + not + be + V-ing + O

2. Usage: – Chỉ hành động đang tiến hành tại một thời điểm ở tương lai.Ex: The children will be swimming in the river at this time tomorrow.– Chỉ hành động dự trù sẽ được sẽ được xảy ra ở tương lai.Ex: The circus group will be performing several shows next week.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

IX. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE: Thì tương lai hoàn thành1. Form:

Positive S+ will/ shall + have + V3/ed + OQuestion Will/ shall + S + have + V3/ed + O?Negative S + will/ shall + not + have + V3/ed +O

2. Usage:– Chỉ hành động hoàn thành trước một thời điểm ở tương lai.

Ex: By ten o’clock tomorrow, they will have arrived in the US.– Chỉ một hành động hoàn thành trước một hành động khác ở tương lai.

Ex: Most of the leaves will have fallen from the trees when Autumn ends.X. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE: Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

1. Form:

2. Usage: diễn tả một sự việc xảy ra liên tục trong 1 khoảng thời gian kéo dài từ quá khứ đến hiện tại.Ex: I have been learning English for 3 years.

XI. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE: Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn1. Form:

S + had + been + V-ing

2. Usage: diễn tả một sự việc xảy ra liên tục trong 1 khoảng thời gian ở quá khứ.Ex: By nine o’clock last night, the pilot had been flying ten hours non-stop.

XII. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS: Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn1. Form:

S + will/ shall + have been + V-ing

2. Usage: diễn tả một sự việc xảy ra liên tục trong 1 khoảng thời gian kéo dài đến tương lai.Ex: When I get my dilopma, I shall have been learning at this shool for three years.

Phần B: Bài TậpChoose a, b, c or d that best completes each sentence:1. I will see him when he..................... here tomorrow.

a. comes b. will come c. has come d. had come2. The boys broke a window when they ........................ football.

a. played b. were playing c. haf played d. are playing 3. What ................... to you yesterday?

a. happened b. did happen c. had happen d. was happening4. It was the most exciting film I.......................... .

a. never saw b. ever saw c. had ever seen d. have ever seen5. He said that he ............................ his work since 7 o’clock.

a. Did b. has done c. had done d. would do6. I......................... about him when suddenly he came in.

a. talk b. talked c. am talking d. was talking7. Please don’t touch anything before ........................ .

a. the police will come b. the police comesc. the police come d. the police would come

8. “When...............................................?” - In 1928a. penicillin was discovered b. was penicillin discoveredb. did penicillin discovered d. did penicillin discover

9. They have been in love with each other................. they were younga. while b. until c. for d. since

S + have / has + been + V-ing

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 10. Do you know what ......................... there yesterday?

a. she is doing b. was doing c. did she do d. she did11. At present, that author .................. a historical novel.

a. is writing b. was writing c. has written d. had written 12. By next month, I......................my first novel.

a. will finish b. am going to finish b. finish d. will have finished

13. I....................... the money from him yet.a. haven’t received b. don’t receive c. will receive d. am receiving

14. Don’t make noise. My mother ............................ with her friend.a. is talking b. was talking c. talks d. talked

15..................... the teacher gave me a passing grade.a. After taking the test b. After I take the testb. After I took the test d. After I had taken the test

16. No sooner.............................the office than the phone ranga. was he leaving b. he was leaving c. he had left d. had he left

17. How many times .................... there so far? A few times.a. have you been b. would you be c. were you d. had you been

18. It’s at least a month since ........................ Tom. a. I last seen b. I last see c. I have last seen d. I last saw

19. Up to then, I.......................... such a big fire.a. have never seen b. had never seen c. never seen d. never see

20. I.............................. her since I........................ a student. a. know/ am b. knew/ was c. have known/ am d. have known/ was21. They.........for 3 hours when the storm suddenly broke.

a. had been running b. have been running c. are running d. will be running22. I assumed you ........paying for the repairs until the end of last year.

a. have been b. was been c. are being d. had been 23. ...........get tired of answering the same questions every day?

a. Have you ever b. Had you ever c. Do you ever d. Are you ever 24. She .......working on that manuscript for 2 year now.

a. will be b. has been c. had been d.is25. I.........there once a long time ago and .......back since.

a. went/have not been b. go/am not c. have gone/was d. was going/had not been26. She...........trying to pass her driving test but fails every time.

a. kept b. is keeping c.did want d. keeps27. I.........complete silence now while I try this experiment.

a. am wanting b. want c. had wanted d. have wanted28.The students.........by Mrs.Monty. However, this week they .....by Mr.Tanzer.

a. are usually taught/are being taughtb. usually teach/are teachingc. have usually been taught/have been teachingd. were usually teaching /are teaching

29. No matter what happens next I.......help you.a. am b. have c. will d.would

30. In the last hundred years, traveling.......much easier and more comfortable.a. becomes b. has become c. became d. will become

31. In the 19th century, it ........two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon.a. took b. had taken c. had taken d.was taking

32. In the past the trip ..............very rough and often dangeruos, but things..........a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề a. was/have changed b. is/change c. had been/will change d.hasbeen/changed

33. Now you .......from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.a. are flying b. would fly c. will fly d. can fly

34. When Carol........last night, I .......my favorite show on television.a. was calling/watched b. called/have watchedc. called/was watching d. had called/watched

35.By this time next summer, you..........your studies.a.completes b.will complete c.are completing d. will have completed

36. Right now, Jim........the newspaper and Kathy............dinner.a. reads/has cooked b. is reading/is cookingc. has read/was cooking d. read/will be cooking

37. Last night at this time, they .......the same thing. She .........and he..........the newspaper.a. are doing/is cooking/is reading b. were doing/was cooking/was readingc. was doing/has cooked/is reading d. had done/was cooking/read

38. When I.........home last night, I.....that Jane..............a beautiful candle light dinner.a. had arrived/discovered/preparingb. was arriving/has discovered/was preparingc. have arrived/was discovering/had preparedd. arrived/discovered/was preparing

39. The sun ....................late in winter.a. is rising always b. rises always c. is always rising d. always rises

40. While I................TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor.a. watch b. watched c. was watching d. am watching

41. This is the most intersting novel ..........................a. I’ve read b. I had read c. I’ve never read d. I’ve ever read

42. When it began to rain, they...............in the yard.a. played b. had played c.were playing d. have played

43.I haven’t seen you ..........................a. since a long time b. for ages c. ages d. for long existence

44. It .................every day so far this week.a. rained b. has rained c. rains d. is raining

45. I..................any letter from him yet.a. haven’t received b. will receive c. don’t receive d. didn’t receive

46. We .................to Dalat several times. It’s a foggy city.a. were b. have been c. were being d. had been

47. Be careful! The bus ......................near.a. will come b. will be coming c. is coming d. has come

48.I haven’t met him since he...............school.a. left b. was leaving c. had left d. was left

49. My uncle .....................on this farm since he was 20.a. has worked b. have worked c. worked d. was working

50. It................... me 15 minutes to go to school every morning.a. takes b. has taken c. is takening d. took

51. When I woke up this morning, it..........................a. rained b. was raining c. has rained d. is raining

52. He................London 2 years ago and I.......................him since then.a. left/ hadn’t seen b. left/ haven’t seen c. was living/ haven’t seen d. left/ didn’t seen

53. By the time Tom got back, Peter..................a. have gone b. went c. will go d. had gone

54. He ____ for London one year ago.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề A. left B. has left C. leaves D. had left

55. She ____ in Hue for twenty years.A. lives B. has lived C. lived D. will live

56. I ____ to the market with my mother yesterday.A. go B. went C. have gone D. was going

57. What ____ you ____, Nam? – I’m thinking of my mother.A. do/think B. are/thinking C. have/thought D. were/thinking

58. How long ____ you ____ her? – For five months.A. do/know B. are/knowing C. have/known D. had/known

59. I usually ____ to school by bus.A. went B. am going C. go D. have gone

60. Yesterday morning I ____ up at 6.30.A. got B. get C. was getting D. had got

61. Please don’t make so much noise. I ____.A. studying B. study C. am studying D. studied

62. Water ____ at 100 degrees Celsius.A. boils B. boiled C. is boiling D. will boil

63. It is raining now. It began raining two hours ago. So it ____ for two hours.A. rains B. is raining C. has rained D. rained

64. ____ you ____ out last night?A. Did/go B. Do/go C. Have/gone D. Were/going

65. This house ____ 35,000 pounds in 1980.A. costs B. cost C. had cost D. was cost

66. While Tom ____ tennis, Ann ____ a shower.A. played/took B. playing/takingC. was playing/was taking D. was play/was take

67. Mike is playing chess. How long ____ he ____?A. did/play B. is/playing C. has/play D. has/been playing

68. When they ____ in the garden, the phone ____. A. worked/was ringing B. were working/rang C. worked/rang D. work/rings

69. After they ____ their breakfast, they ____ shopping yesterday.A. have/go B. had had/go C. had/had gone D. had had/went

70. They ____ tea when the doorbell ____.A. have/is ringing B. were having/rang C. had had/ rang D. having/ringing

71. Father ____ his pipe while mother ____ a magazine.A. smoked/read B. had smoked/readC. was smoking/was reading D. smoking/reading

72. When I ____ into the office, my boss ____ for me. A. came/was waiting B. was coming/waited C. had come/waited D. came/waiting

73. When I ____ Brian, he ____ a taxi.A. see/drives B. see/was driving C. saw/was driving D. saw/is driving

74. When he ____, we ____ dinner.A. arrived/having B. arrived/were having C. was arriving/had D. had arrived/had

75. While they ____ chess, we ____ the shopping. A. playing/doing B. were playing/doingC. played/did D. were playing/were doing

76. They ____ football when the lights in the stadium ____ out. A. were playing/went B. played/was goingC. were playing/ was going D. playing/went

77. While George and John ____ their room, she ____ the ironing. A. cleaning/doing B. were cleaning/was doing

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề C. were cleaning/doing D. cleaning/was doing

78. Today is Thursday and she ____ late twice this week. She ____ late yesterday and on Monday.A. is/was B. has been/is C. has been/was D. has been/had been

79. He ____ in the same house since 1975.A. has lived B. is living C. lived D. had lived

80. We ____ him since he ____ married.A. didn’t see/got B. haven’t seen/got C. don’t/get D. hadn’t seen/got

81. It ____ for two hours and the ground is too wet to play tennis.A. is raining B. had rained C. has rained D. was raining

82. He ____ to HCMC last year and I ____ him since then. A. moved/didn’t see B. moves/haven’t seen C. moved/haven’t seen D. moved/hadn’t

seen83. We ____ what to do with the money yet.

A. not decide B. didn’t decide C. haven’t decided D. hadn’t decided

CÁCH PHÁT ÂM –S / ES

CÁCH PHÁT ÂM -ED

Từ tận cùng là

Thường phát âm là

Thêm –S/ES đọc là

Ví dụ

-p, -pe / p /

/ s /

Stops, hopes, develops, copes-t, -te / t / Bats , hats, hates, writes-k, -ke / k / Books, looks, breaks, makes -gh, -ph / f / Laughs, photographs-th / θ / Lengths, deaths-x, -s, -ce, -se / s /

/ iz /

Boxes, kisses, pieces, houses -se / z / Uses (v), browses-sh / ∫ / Washes, smashes-ge / dz / Languages, bridges, ranges-ch / ʧ / Watches, matches, catchesTrường hợp còn lại / z / Pens, tables, disappears

Từ tận cùng là Thường phát âm là

Thêm –ED đọc là Ví dụ

-d, -de / d // id /

Decided, needed-t, -te / t / Wanted, dedicated-k, -ke / k /

/ t /

Looked, caked, -gh, -ph / f / Laughed, paragraphed-x, -s, -ce, -se / s / Mixed, missed, pronounced-p, -pe / p / Dropped, developed, roped-sh / ∫ / Established, finished-ch / ʧ / Scratched, stretchedTrường hợp còn lại / d / Used (v), prepared, cleaned

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

Lu ý: - C¸c ®éng tõ “do” vµ “say” khi thªm “es” vµ “s” th× c¸ch ®äc thay ®æi. say /sei/ says /sez/ do /du:/ do /dʌz/

- C¸c tÝnh tõ tËn cïng b»ng ED th× ®u«i ED còng ®îc ph¸t ©m nh c¸ch ph¸t ©m cña ®éng tõ cã quy t¾c. Tuy nhiªn, mét sè tÝnh tõ cæ tËn cïng b»ng –ed, hoÆc mét sè tr¹ng tõ tËn cïng b»ng –edly, th× -ed ®îc ph¸t ©m lµ /id/:

Adjectives:/id/ naked kháa th©n crooked cong, o»n ragged nhµu, cò

wretched khèn khærugged gå ghÒ

Adverbs:/id/ deservedly xøng ®¸ng

supposedly cho lµmarkedly mét c¸ch râ rµng, ®¸ng chó ýallegedly cho r»ng

BÀI TẬPChoose the word whose ending ‘- s/es ’ or ‘- ed ’ is pronounced differently from the others’ 1. A. talked B. naked C. asked D. liked2. A. worked B. stopped C. forced D. wanted3. A. lays B. says C. stays D. plays4. A. waited B. mended C. objected D. faced5. A. roses B. villages C. apples D. matches6. A. languages B. rabies C. assumes D. consumes7. A. markedly B. allegedly C. needed D. walked8. A. succeeds B. devotes C. prevents D. coughs9. A. kissed B. helped C. forced D. raised10. A. sees B. sports C. pools D. trains11. A. learned B. watched C. helped D. wicked12. A. widens B. referees C. sacks D. cancels13. A. tombs B. lamps C. brakes D. invites14. A. books B. floors C. combs D. drums15. A. packed B. punched C. pleased D. pushed 16. A. confused B. faced C. cried D. defined17. A. trays B. says C. bays D. days18. A. kissed B. pleased C. increased D. ceased19. A. devoted B. suggested C. provided D. wished20. A. closes B. loses C. loves D. chooses21. A. gives B. phones C. switches D. dives

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 22. A. catched B. crashed C. occupied D. coughed23. A. studies B. flourishes C. finishes D. glances24. A. hears B. thanks C. blows D. coincides25. A. started B. looked C. decided D. coincided26. A. designed B. preserved C. sawed D. guided27. A. stops B. climbs C. pulls D. televisions28. A. cats B. tapes C. rides D. cooks29. A. agreed B. missed C. liked D. watched30. A. measured B. pleased C. distinguished D. managed31. A. practised B. amused C. advertised D. annoyed32. A. embarrassed B. astonished C. surprised D. decreased33. A. walks B. begins C. helps D. cuts34. A. shoots B. grounds C. concentrates D. forests35. A. practised B. raised C. rained D. followed36. A. concealed B. fined C. resembled D. resisted37. A. tells B. talks C. stays D. steals38. A. hours B. fathers C. dreams D. thinks39. A. laughed B. ploughed C. coughed D. disliked40. A. imagined B. punished C. diseased D. determined41. A. examined B. released C. serviced D. ceased42. A. diseases B. pleases C. loses D. releases43. A. bushes B. buses C. lorries D. charges44. A. expelled B. dismissed C. encountered D. returned45. A. biscuits B. magazines C. newspapers D. vegetables46. A. filled B. landed C. suited D. crooked 47. A. chased B. wished C. pursued D. thanked48. A. beds B. doors C. plays D. students49. A. preferred B. worked C. fixed D. fetched50. A. completes B. engines C. taxis D. ferries51. A. difficulties B. enriches C. classes D. enlarges52 A. characters B. problems C. retreats D. universities53. A. shipped B. hitchhiked C. traced D. repainted54. A. caused B. promised C. kissed D. discussed55. A. listened B. burgled C. robbed D. chatted56. A. gossiped B. rumoured C. remembered D. threatened57. A. passes B. challenges C. sexes D. tomatoes58. A. arms B. suits C. chairs D. boards59. A. worried B. bored C. disappointed D. annoyed60. A. licks B. risks C. leans D. drops61. A. supposedly B. rubbed C. played D. believed62. A. relieves B. invents C. buys D. deals63. A. comes B. rolls C. takes D. drives64. A. recognised B. organised C. pronounced D. denied65. A. dreams B. heals C. kills D. tasks

PASSIVE VOICE(Thể Bị động)

Phần A: Phần Lý ThuyếtI. Công thức chung : BE + PAST PARTICIPLEII. Công thức của từng thì:

TENSES ACTIVE PASSIVE

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 1. The simple present S + bare - V/ V-s/es S + am/is /are + PP2. The pre. Continuous S + am/ is/ are + v-ing S+ am/is / are/ + being + PP3. The present perfect S + have/ has + PP S + have/ has + been + PP4. The simple past S + V2/ V-ed S + was/ were + PP5. The past continuous S + was/ were + V- ing S + was/ were + being + pp6. The past perfect S + had + PP S + had+ been + PP7. The simple future S + will/ shall + bare-V S + will/ shall + be + PP8. The near future S+ am/ is/ are going to+ bareV S+am/is/are going to+ be +PP 9. The Modal verbs S + can/could/may...+ bare-V S + can/could/may + be + PP

III. Quy tắc đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động:1. Xaïc âënh S, V, O cuía cáu chuí âäüng.2. Hoaïn âäøi Svaì O(S cuía chuí âäüng laìm O cuía bë âäng, O cuía chuí âäüng laìm S cuía bë âäüng) 3. Chuyãøn V tæì daûng chuí âäüng sang daûng bë âäüng4. Thãm giåïi tæì “by” træåïc O cuía cáu bë âäüng.IV. Cáúu truïc : Chuí âäüng : S V O

Bë âäüng : S V ( BY + O) ( BE + PP)V. Examples: 1. My mother has made that cake. S V O---- That cake has been made by my mother2. Nam is asking me a lot of questions. S V O---- I am being asked a lot of questions by Nam.VI. Caïc træåìng håüp cáön læu yï:1. S cuía cáu chuí âäüng laì âaûi tæì nhán xæng( he, she, you, they, we..) vaì caï tæì nhæ: someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody,..... thç læåüc boí O trong cáu bë âäüng.Ex: Someone has sent me the flowers.---- I have been sent the flowers. She must do all homework before going to bed.---- All homework must be done before going to bed.2. Traûng ngæî chè nåi chäún âàût træåïc “by + O bë âäüng”.Ex: The police found him in the foresst.----He was found in the forest by the police.3. Traûng ngæî chè thåìi gian âàût sau “by + O bë âäüng”.Ex: Mr Brown bought the house last week.---- The house was bought by Mr Brown last week.4. Traûng ngæî chè thãø caïch âæïng giæîa “BE + PP”.Ex: The boss has treated them badly.---- They have been badly treated by the boss.5. Âäúi våïi 1 säú âäüng tæì coï 2 tán ngæî thç 1 trong 2 tán ngæî âãöu coï thãø duìng laìm chuí ngæî trong cáu bë âäüng; tuy nhiãn tán ngæî chè ngæåìi thæåìng âæåüc sæí duûng nhiãöu hån.Ex: He sent me a postcard.---- I was sent a postcard.---- A postcard was sent to me.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề V. Mäüt säú daûng cáu biû âäüng âàûc biãût:1. Causitive form: (Thãø nhåì baío): “Have” hoàûc “Get”.a. Have* Chuí âäüng: S + have + O.1 (person) + bare -V + O.2 (thing)* Bë âäüng : S + have + O.2 (thing) + past participleEx: I had him repair the roof yesterday. ---- I had the roof repaired yesterday.b. Get* Chuí âäüng : S + get + O.1(person) + to- inf + O.2 ( thing)* Bë âäüng : S + get + O.2 (thing) + past participleEx: I will get her to cut my hair ---- I will get my hair cut.2. Verbs of Opinion: Say, think, believe, know, report, declare.....Coï 2 daûng bë âäüng:* chuí âäüng: S1 + V of pinion + (that) + clause (S2+V + O)* bë âäüng : It + be + V of opinion ( PP) + (that) + clause. Hoàûc: S2 + be + V of opinion (PP) + to-infEx: - They said that John is the brightest student in class. ---- It is said that John is the brightest student in class. ----- John is said to be the brightest student in class. - They knew that Mary won the competition. ---- It was known that Mary had won the competition ---- Mary was known to have won the competition.3. Verbs of perception ( Âäüng tæì chè giaïc quan): see, watch, hear, .......* Chuí âäüng: S + V + O + bare - inf / V-ing* Bë âäüng : S + Be + V (PP) + to-inf/ V-ingEx: - People saw him steal your car. ---- He was seen to steal your car. - The teacher is watching them working. ---- They are being watched working by the teacher.

PHÁÖN B: BAÌI TÁÛPI. Choose the best answer:1.“Those eggs of different colors are very artistic.” “Yes, they .......... in Russia”

a. were painted b. were paint c. were painting d. painted2. “David is in prison for smoking drugs” “He .......... that it was against the law.”

is telling b. was told c. told d. tells3. “The maintenance people didn’t remove the chairs from ballroom” “Don’t the worry. They .......... them before the dance begins”

a. will have been moved b. will have movedc. were moved d. moved

4. Gold .......... in California in the 19th century.a. was discovered b. has been discoveredc. was discover d. they discovered

5. ............ that military spending is extremely high. a. We are felt b. It feels c. It is felt d. We feel that it is

6. They ......... time and money doing such a thing. a. were advised not to waste b. were advised not to be wasted c. were advising not to waste d. were advising not to be wasted7. These students ......... so much that they feel very tired and bored. a. are made to study b. are made study

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề c. are making to study d. are made to be studied8. I......... in the lounge for ten minutes. a. was told waiting b. was told to wait c. was telling to be waited d. was told to be waited9. The students ....... to be at school at 8 am a. tell b. told c. have told d. were told10. Our children ........ to school by bus every morning.

a.take b. are taken c. have taken d. are taking11. Bicycles .......... in the driveway. a. must not leave b. must not be leaving c. must not be left d. must not have left12. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony ............. next weekend. a. is going to be performed b. has been performed c. will be performing d. will have performed13. Reagan ............. an actor years ago. a. is said to be b. was said being c. was said have been d. is said to have been14. I hate ........... personal questions by nearly acquainted friends. a. to be asking b. to be asked c. being asking d. of asking15. It .......... that learning a foreign language ............ a lot of time. a. says/ is take b. is saying / has been taken c. is said/ takes d. was said/ was taken16.All bottles ......... .. before transportation. a. frozen b. were froze c. were frozen d. are froze17. ..................... yet? a. Have the letters been typed b. Have been the letters typed c. Have the letters typed d. Had the letters typed 18. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or Singapore where..........for administration, broadcasting and education. a. is used b. it is used c. used d. being used19. The telephone .......... by Alexander Graham Bell. a. is invented b. is inventing c. invented d. was invented20. Lots of houses ............ by the earthquake. a. are destroying b. destroyed c. were destroyed d. were destroying 21. In the Us the first stage of compulsory education .......... as elementary education. a. to be generally known b. is generally known c. generally known d. is generally knowing 22. .Education ............ to be the most important element to develop a country. a. often be considered b. can be often considered c. can often considered d. can often be considered23. The preparations .............. by the time the guests .................... a. had been finished / arrived b. have finished c. had finished / were arriving d. had been finished / were arrived24.............. students required to wear uniforms at all times? a.. Are b. Do c. Did d. Will25.. ............... to you yet? a. Are the book been giving back b. Was the book been given back c. Has been the book given back d. Has the book been given back

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 26. What he has done to me.................

a.cannot forgive b. cannot be forgive c. cannot forgive d cannot be forgiving

27 . The keys .......... somewhere. a.must have been leaving b. must have left c. must be leaving d. must have been left28. Japanese ........ at the meeting. a. will speak b. will spoken c. will be spoken d. will be speaking29. Although he tried his best, he could not make his voice .......... a hear b. to hear c. hearing d. heard30. .............. .in that company?

Do shoes make b. Are shoes be made c. Shoes are made d. Are shoes made31. Portuguese.......... as an official language in this city for age. a. has been spoken b. has been spoken c. has spoken d. had spoken32. More than ten victims ......... missing in the storm last week a. are reported to be b. are reported to have been c. are reporting to have been d. are reporting to be33. ............. by your father? a. Did that book write b. Did that book written c. Was that book written d. Was that book be writing34. Something ............. immediately to prevent teenagers from .......... in factories and mines. a. should be done/ being exploited b. we should do/ exploiting c. should do / be exploited d. should have done / exploited35. This car......................

a. was manufactured in Japan by Toyota last yearb. was manufactured by Toyota last year in Japanc. was manufactured last year in Japan by Toyotad. last year was manufactured by Toyota in Japan

36. Why.............. on time?a.don’t the exercises finish b. weren’t the exercises be finishedc. aren’t the exercises being finished d. aren’t the exercises be finished

37. No longer ........ in our office since it ...............a. have typewriters been used / computerizedb. typewriters have been used / was computerizedc. have typewriters been used / was computerizedd. typewriters have been used / computerized

38. When ..........?a. were computers used first b. were computers first used c. did computers first use d. are computers first using

39. That machine is useless. It .......... not been used for a long timea.is b. was c. did d. has

40. Everything that ............remained a secreta.overheard b. had been overheardc. had overheard d. was overhearing

41. The refreshments...............by Karen.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề a. are going to be prepared b. are going to preparec are preparing d. are to prepare

42. ..................by the police.a. The stealing car has just been found b. The stolen car has just been foundb. The stealing car has just found d. The stolen car has just found

43. It ..........it is parents’ responsibility to take good care of their children. a. commonly says that b. commonly to be said that c. is commonly said that d. is commonly saying

44. John ........a respectful and obedient student. a. said to be b. is said c. is said being d. is said to be

II. Choose the best answer:45. People have discovered a new source of energy.

A. A new source of energy has discovered.B. A new source of energy was discovered.C. A new source of energy have been discoveredD. A new source of energy has been discovered

46. People say that he was born in London.A. That is said he was born in London.B. It was said that he was born in London.C. He was said to be born in London.D. He is said to have been born in London.

47. We have no seats left for the concert next Sunday.A. All the seats for the concert next Sunday have been bookedB. All the seats were sold for the concert next Sunday.C. The concert next Sunday had no seats for us.D. No seats left for us for the concert next Sunday.

48. People say Chinese food is the best in the world.A. Chinese food is said to be the best in the world.B. I agree that Chinese food is the best in the world.C. Chinese food is eaten all over the world.D. No food in the world is eaten as much as Chinese food.

49. The storm blew a lot of trees down last night.A. A lot of trees were blown down by the storm last night.B. A lot of trees were cut down last night C. The storm could have blown a lot of trees down.D. The storm was strong enough to blow down old trees.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES(CÁU ÂIÃUÖ KIÃÛN)

PHÁÖN A: LYÏ THUYÃÚTI. Cáu âiãöu kiãûn loaûi 1 : Diãùn taí 1 giaí thiãút coï thãø xaíy ra åí hiãûn taûi hoàûc tæång lai.1. Form:TYPE If clause Main clause Examples

1 Simple present

Simple future( will/ shall/ can/ may +

If you study hard, you will pass the

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề (bare -V/ Vs-es)

bare -V) exam.

2 Læu yï:a. Mãûnh âãö chênh coï thãø sæí duûng âäüng tæì åí daûng mãûnh lãûnh.Ex: If you see toom, give him this book, please.b. Mãûnh âãö chênh åí thç Hiãûn taûi âån nãúu cáu âiãöu kiãûn diãùn taí 1 chán lyï, 1 sæû viãûc coï tháût.Ex: If water is at 100 degree celcious, it boils. If you are right, I am wrong.II. Cáu âiãöu kiãûn loaûi 2: Diãùn taí 1 giaí thiãút traïi våïi thæûc tãú hiãûn taûi.TYPE If clause Main clause Examples2 Past

subjunctive (V2 / V-ed)be ...... were

Present conditional( would/ should/could/ might + bare -V)

If I had a lot money, I would travel around the world.

III. Cáu âiãöu kiãûn loaûi 3: Diãùn taí 1 giaí thiãút traïi våïi thæûc tãú quaï khæï.TYPE If clause Main clause Examples3 Past perfect

(had + past participle)

Perfect conditional( would/ should/could/ might + have + past participle)

If the weather had been nice yesterday, I would have gone the beach

IV. Caïc træåìng håüp cáön læu yï:1.Coï thãø læåüc boí IF nãúu âãø tråü âäüng tæì âuïng træåïc chuí ngæîEx: If I were rich.... = Were I rich...... If I had known ... = Had I known....2. Unless = If notEx: These plants will die unless you water them regularly. = These plants will be die if you don’t water them regularly.3. Ngoaìi IF, cáu âiãöu kiãûn coìn bàõt âáöu bàòng nhæîng tæì näúi khaïc nhæ: - Provided (that); On condition (that); As long as; So long as ( miãùn laì, våïi âiãöu kiãûn laì,..)- Suppose, supposing (giaí sæí)- In case ( trong træåìng håüp, phoìng khi, nhåî maì,....)- Even if ( duì laì, cho laì...)Ex: I’ll accept the job provided the salary is satisfactory. In case I forget, please remind me of my promise. Supposing you won a lot of money, what would you do? Even if we had been invited, we could not have come because we were very busy.

PHÁÖN B: BAÌI TÁÛPI.Find one choice that best completes the sentences:1. I am flying to the States tonight.I ............... you a ring if I can find a phone.

a. will give b. would give c. could give d. have given2. We’ll need more staff .............. we start the new project.

a. unless b. whether c. in case d. or3. If I .............. 10 years younger, I ........... the job.

a. am/ will take b. was/ have takenc. had been / will have taken d. were / would take

4. ............ I had learnt English when I was at high school.a. Unless b. Even if c. If d. If only

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 5. You are not allowed to use the club’s facilities............... you are a member.

a. unless b. if c. provided d. supposed6. If she ................ the train last night , she ................. here now.

a. took / were b. were taking / isc. had taken / would have been d. had taken / would be

7. .................. if a war happened?a. What you would do b. What would you doc. What will you do d. What you will do

8. I would send her a fax if I .............. her number.a. know b. knew c. had known d. could know.

9. ............ it were well paid , I would accept this proposal.a. Providing b. Unless c. But for d. If only

10. ............. more carefully , he would not have had the accident yesterday.a. If Peter driven b. If had Peter drivenc. Had Peter driven d. Unless Peter had driven.

11. If you ............ to my advice , you ............... in trouble now.a. listened / were not b. listen / are notc. had listened / would not have been d. had listened / would not be.

12. If you take the 8 a.m. flight to New York, you .............. change planes.a. could not have to b. will not have toc. had not had to d. would not to have to

13. If it ............... warm yesterday, we would have gone to the beach.a. was b. were c. had been d. could be

14. If it ............ an hour ago, the streets ............. wet now.a. were raining / will be b. had rained / would bec. rained / would be d. had rained / would have be

15. .............. here , he would helped us with there troubles.a. Were Peter b. If were Peter c. Unless were Peter d.

Unless Peter were.16. .......... that problem with the car, we wouldn’t have missed the speech.

a. If we had had b. If had we hadc. Unless we had had d. Provided that we had had

17. If I were a little taller, I ........... be able to water tha plant on the top shelf.a. did b. would c. had d. would have.

18. If you hear from Susan today, .............. her to ring me.a. tell b. to tell c. telling d. will tell.

19. She had to have the operation .............a. unless she would dies b. if she would die c. otherwise she will die d. or she would die

20. If the traffic............... bad, I may get home late.a. is b. were c. was d. had been

21. If it ........... last night, it ............ so hot today.a. rained / is not b. was raining / were notc. had rained / would not have been d. had rained / would not be

22. Without your recommendation, we ............... any success last year.a. had not got b. did not get c. will not have got d. would

not have got23. ........... he gets here soon , we will have to start the meeting without him.

a. Suppose b. Provided c. Unless d. If24. .............. as much money as Bill Gates of Microsoft , I would retire.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề a. Did I have b. If did I have c. Unless I had d. If I had

had25. If I ................ it was a formal party, I wouldn’t have gone wearing jeans and a jumper.

a. knew b. had known c. had been knowing d. could know26. Tom’s company will almost certainly like him .............. he improves his attitude.

a. unless b. or c. otherwise d. if.27. If my client .............. me her fax number , I ................ to post a letter to her.

a. gave / will not have b. will give / do not havec. had given / wouldn’t have had d. had given / will not have had

28. ............. I had brought my laptop to the meeting yesterday.a. If b. If only c. Even if d. As if

29. If I .............. the lottery last week , I ............ rich now.a. had won / would be b. had won / would have been c. won / would be d. won / would have been

30. Carrie said she will join the company if the starting salary .............. her expectations.

a. meets b. met c. has met d. had met.31 .If I were you, I ......................... that.

a. would apply for b. will ask for c. will have change d. can take32. If I .................... a wish, I’d wish for happiness for my family.

a. have b. been having c. had d. was having 33. If we had had time, we...................... to the party.

a. can go b. will go c. would have gone d. will have gone34. We couldn’t understand the teacher if he ................... too fast.

a. spoke b. has spoken c. doesn’t speak d. didn’t speak35. If everything is all right, we .................. our work on time.

a. complete b. are completing c. have completed d. will complete36. What .................... if the eart suddenly stopped going around the sun.

a. happens b. will happen c. would happen d. happened37. Unless you ................. quiet, I’ll scream.

a. don’t keep b. keep c. didn’t keep d. kept38. You’ll be able to speak English well if you.................... hard.

a. study b. studied c. would study d. had studied39. If I.............. you, I ........................... invitation.

a. am/ will refuse b. was/ would refuse c. were/ would refuse d. had been/ will refuse40. .........................., I’d have told you the answer.

a. If you asked me b. Had you asked me c. You had asked me d. Unless you asked me

II. Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one.41. If we had lost the map, we would never have found our way .

a. We will have found our way unless we lost the map.b. We found our way because we didn’t lose the map.c. We would have lost our way if we had lost the map.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề d. If we lost the map, we didn’t find our way.

42. He didn’t hurry so he missed the plane.a. If he hurried, he wouldn’t miss the train.b. If he had hurried, he might catch the plane.c. If he had hurried, he could have caught the plane.d. He didn’t miss the plane because he hurried.

43. If I were taller, I could reach the shelf.a. I am not tall enough to reach the top shelf.b. I am too tall to reach the top shelf.c. I cannot reach the top shelf beacause I am very tall.d. In spite of being tall, I cannot reach the top shelf.

44. I will agree to these conditions provided that they increase my salary.a. They did not increase my salary so I quit the job. b. I will only agree these conditions if they give me more money.c. They give me more money or I will only agree these conditions.d. Unless they give me more money, I will only agree these conditions.

45. If only I had studied hard enough to pass the final exam.a. I regret not studying hard enough to pass the exam.b. I had studied hard enough and I passed the fi9anl exam.c. I studied too hard to pass the fianla exam.d. I studied hard otherwise I would fail the fianal exam.

46. John speaks Chinese fluently because he used to live in China for ten years. a. Suppose John has lived in China for ten years, he can speak Chinese

fluently.b. Provided that John lived in China for ten years, he could speak Chinese

fluently.c. Unless John had lived in China for ten years, he could not have spoken

Chinese fluently.d. John could not speak Chinese fluently if he had not lived in China for ten

years.III.Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting:48. If had known she was ill, I would go to visit her. A B C D49. I can’t go with you unless I will get my work finished. A B C D50. If she had eaten fewer sweets, she would lose weight. A B C D51. You would have met Mary if you came here yesterday evening. A B C D52. If they want to increase output, they had to modenize the factory. A B C D

CLAUSE AFTER “WISH”PHÁÖN A: LYÏ THUYÃÚT

Coï 3 loaûi cáu ao æåïc:I. Ao æåïc hiãûn taûi: S + WISH + CLAUSE ( S + v2/ v-ed)II. Ao æåïc tæång lai: S + WISH + CLAUSE ( S+ would + bare - V)III. Ao æåïc quaï khæï: S + WISH + CLAUSE ( S + had + past participle)PHÁÖN B: BAÌI TÁÛP1.We wish we ........................a large house but we can’t afford it now.

a. have b. had c. can have d. will have

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 2. My friend won’t lend me his car. I wish ...........................

a. he lent me his car b. he didn’t lend me his carc. he would lend me his car d. he will lend me his car.

3.My mother is not free today . I wish.....................................a. my mother is free today b. my mother won’t be busy todayc. my mother would be free today d. my mother were free today

4. I’m sorry I haven’t got any money on me. I wish...................................a. I have got no money on me b. I have some money on me c. I had some money on me d. I had got no money on me

5. I’m fraid our team will lose the game today. I wish ........................................a. Our team won the game today b. our team would win the game todayc. our team didn’t lose the game today d. our team had won the game today

6. My friends didn’t take part in the game. I wish................................................a. my friends took part in the game b. my friends had taken part in the gamec. my friends would take part in the game d. my friends did take part in the game

7. It wasn’t fine yesterday. I wish............................................a. it was fine yesterday b. it would fine yesterdayc. it will fine yesterday d. it had been fine yesterday

8. I wish I ......................... more time now to help you with your lesson a. have b. had would have c. had d. had had

9. I wish I......................... psychology when I was a college student.a. had studied b. would study c. studied d. studied

10. I wish someone ................................ to help me with that work tomorrow.a. offer b. offered c. would offer d. had offered

11. If only I ......................... play the guitar as well as you!a. would b. should c. could d. might

12. When I saw Tom, he looked ......................... he had been ill.a. so b. such as c. the same d. as if

13. I wish I........................... my letter of application earlier.a. wrote b. had written c. could write d. should write

14. If only he ........................ me a chance, I could have told him the truth.a. gave b. has given c. could give d. had given

15. I wish you .................so much noise. I’m trying to work.a. shouldn’t b. couldn’t c. needn’t d. wouldn’t

16. If only he ....................us the true in the first place, things wouldn’t have gone so wrong.

a. had told b. has told c. would have told d. should have told

17. Mrs White always talks to her baby as though he .................. an adult.A is b. were c. had been d. will be.

18. When he came out of the room, he looked........................... he had seen a ghost.

a. as b. as though c. when d. if

REPORTED SPEECH(CÁU TÆÅÌNG THÁÛT/ CÁU GIAÏN TIÃÚP)

PHÁÖN A: LYÏ THUYÃÚT

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề - Khi chuyãøn cáu træûc tiãúp sang cáu giaïn tiãúp, ta phaíi thay âoíi thç, âaûi tæì nhán xæng, tênh tæì såí hæîu, traûng tæì nåi chäún, thåìi gian, tênh tæì chè âënh.Direct speech Reported speech Direct speech Reported speech

1. Tense- Simple present- Present Continuous- Present perfect- Simple past

- Past continuous

- Past perfect* will* can* must

- Simple past- Past Continuous- Past perfect- Simple past/ past perfect- Past perfect continuous- Past perfect* would* could* had to

2. Adverbs of time- yesterday

- last week

- now- today- tomorrow

- next week

- the day before / the previous day- the week before / the previous week- then- that day- the day after / the following day- the week after / the following week

3. Adverbs of place- here - there

4. demonstrative words- this- these

- that- those

I. Cáu mãûnh lãûnh giaïn tiãúp: ( Indirect command) Thæåìng âæåüc måí âáöu bàòng nhæîng âäüng tæì nhæ: tell, ask, request, order, command vaì thãø Imparative âäøi thaình To - infinitive.Form: S + V (told, asked, ...) + O + TO - INFINITIVEEx: 1.He said to us, “Do your homework carefully”. - He told us to do our homework carefully. 2. She said to me “Please help me with this work” - She told me to help her with that work. 3. He said, “Don’t leave the room” - He ordered them not to leave the room.II. Cáu phaït biãøu giaïn tiãúp: ( Indirect statement): thæåìng âæåüc måí âáöu bàòng nhæîng âäüng tæì nhæ : SAY, TELLForm: S + SAID + (THAT) + S + V (Luìi thç)

TOLD + O Ex: 1. She said, “ I am a student”

- she said that she was a student. 2. Nam said to her mother, “ I met my old friends on the way to school this morning”

- Nam told his mother that he had met hê old friends on the way to school that morning.* Chuï yï : Khi âäøi tæì cáu træûc tiãúp sang cáu giaïn tiãúp ta khäng âäøi thç åí mãûnh âãö nguyãn vàn trong caïc træåìng håüp sau duì mãûnh âãö chênh åí thç quaï khæï.1.Âäüng tæì trong mãûnh âãö nguyãn vàn coï thåìi gian xaïc âënh roî laì nàmEx: She said “I was born in 1980” She said that she was born in 1980.2. Cáu nguyãn vàn diãùn taí 1 chán lyïEx: He said, “The sun rises in the east”. He said (that) the sun rises in theeast.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 3. Cáu nguyãn vàn coï Could, would, should, might, used to, ought to, would rather, had better,... Ex: Tom said to me: “You had better go to the dentist”. Tom told me that I had better go to the dentist.4. Cáu âiãöu kiãûn loaûi 2, loaûi 3.Ex: He said: If I were you, I wouldn’t do that. He said that if he were me, he wouldn’t do that.5. Cáu ao æåïc traïi våïi thæûc tãú hiãûn taûi.Ex: She said: “I wish I were a movie star. She said that she wished she were a movie star.III. Cáu hoíi giaïn tiãúp: ( Indirect questions)1. Yes - No question: ( cáu hoíi traí låìi bàòng “yes/ no”) Thæång âæåüc måí âáöu bàòng caïc âäüng tæì nhæ : ask, inquire, wonder, wanted to know,... vaì theo sau caïc âäüng tæì naìy laì “if hoàûc whether”.Form: S + asked + (O) + IF/ WHETHER + S + V( luìi thç, âaío ngæî) wanted to know wondered Ex: - “Have you read this novel? He asked me if I had read that novel. - “Did you watch the film on TV last night, Tom?” He asked if Tom had watched the film on TV the night before.2. WH - questions: (cáu hoíi bàõt âáöu bàòng tæì hoíi “WH-) Thæåìng âæûoc måí âáöu bàòng caïc âäüng tæì nhæ : ask, inquire, wonder, wanted to know,... vaì theo sau caïc âäüng tæì naìy laì caïc tæì hoíi nhæ: when, where, where, how,....

Form: S + asked + (O) + What/ when/ why ,... + S + V( luìi thç, âaío ngæî) wanted to know wondered Ex: - He said to me “Who did you go to the cinema with?” He asked me who I had gone to the cinema with. - “ what time does the film begin?” He wanted to know what time the film began.* Chuï yï:Træåìng håüp cáu nguyãn vàn coï caí cáu phat biãøu vaì cáu hoíi thç khi âäøi sang cáu giaïn tiãúp loaûi cáu naìo âäøi theo loaûi cáu âoï.Ex: “I have left my watch at home. Can you tell me the time?” - He said that he had left his watch at home and asked me if I could tell him the time.IV. Cáu caím thaïn giaïn tiãúp (Indirect exclaminations) :Thæåìng âæûoc måí âáöu bàòng caïc âäüng tæì Exclaim Ex: - “What a beautiful girl she is!” He exclaimed what a beautiful she was.PHÁÖN B: BAÌI TÁÛP I. I.Find one choice that best completes the sentences:1. John asked me ...................... in English. a. what does this word mean b. what that word means c. what did this word mean d. what that word meant

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 2. The mother told her son ................ impolitely. a. not behave b. not to behave c. not behaving d. did not behave3. She said she ............ collect it for me after work. a. would b. did c. must d. had 4. I have ever told you he ................. unreliable. a. is b. were c.had been d. would be5. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since................ a. yesterday b. two days ago c. the day before d. the next day6. John asked me ............... interested in any kind of sports. a. if I were b. if were I c. if was I d. if I was7. John asked me ................. that film the night before. a. that I saw b. had I seen c. if I had seen d. if had I seen8. Peter said that he had lived in London 4 years .............. . a. ago b. before c. later d. then 9. The guest told the host that ...................... a. I must go now b. he must go now c. he had to go now d. he had to go then10. The teacher told Joe ................... a. to stop talking b. stop talking c. stops talking d. stopped talking11. She said she ........................ a. was very tired last night b. was very tired the night before c. had been very tired last night d. had been tired the night before12. Emily said that her teacher ...................... to London ................................ a. will go/ tomorrow b. went/ tomorrow c. would go/ the next day d. had gone/ the next day13. She told the boys .................. on the grass. a. do not play b. did not play c. not playing d. not to play14. She asked ................. a. where was her umbrella b. where her umbrella was c. where were her umbrella d. where her umbrella were14. Jason asked me ................me the book the day before. a. if who gave b. if who has given c. who had given d. that who had given 15. Robert said that his father ................ to Dallas the year before. a.goes b. went c. has gone d. had gone 16. He wanted to know ................ shopping the previous morning. a. if we had been going b. that if we had been going c. we were going d. that we were going13. He asked me.........Robert and I said I did not know........

a. that did I know/who were Robert b. that I knew/who Robert werec. if I knew/who Robert was d. whether I knew/who was Robert

14. The mother asked her son.........a. where he has been b.where he had beenc. where has he been d. where had he been

15. Martin asked me........a. how is my father b. how my father isc. how was my father d. how my father was

16. The host asked Peter..........tea or coffee. a. whether he preferred b. that he preferred

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề c. did he prefer d. if he prefers

17. She asked me.........my holidays..........a.where I spent/the previous year b. where I had spent/the previous

yearc. where I spent/last year d. where did I spend/last year

18. He advised........too far.a. her did not go b. her do not go c. her not to go d. she did

not go19. John often says he.........boxing because it........a cruel sport.

a. does not like/is b. did not like/werec. not liked/had been d.had not liked/was

20. Nancy asked me why I had not gone to New York the summer.........a.before b. ago c.last d. previous

21. He asked .........him some money.a. her to lend b. she to lend c. she has lent d.she lends

22. Andrew told me that they.........fish two.........days.a. have not eaten/ago b. had not eaten/previousc. did not eat/before d.would not eat/last

23. Jason told me that he.........his best in the exam the.......day.a. had done/fllowing b. will do/previousc. would do/following d. was going/previous

24. She told him............a. patient b. to be patient c. was patient d. that being patient

25. Daniel asked me if I thought.........a. it will rain today b. it will rain that dayc. it would rain today d. it would rain that day

26. Barbra asked me............the homework that week.a. that she must do b. if she has to doc. if she had to do d. if did she have to do

27. Robert wanted to know if I was leaving the ........Friday.a. following b. ago c. previous d. before

28. Jennifer asked me ........the week before.a. where had I gone b. where I had gonec. where did I gone d. I had gone where

II. Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one.29. “ You have not done your work well,” said the teacher to me. a. The teacher told me I hadn’t done my work well b. The teacher told me I haven’t done work well. c. The teacher told me I hadn’t done your work well. d. The teacher told me I hadn’t done his work well.30. “This man spoke to me on the road,” said the woman. a. The woman said that man had spoken to me on the road. b. The woman said that man has spoken to her on the road. c. The woman said that man spoke to her on the road. d. The woman said that man had spoken to her on the road.31. “I can’t explain this rule to you,” said my classmate to me. a. My classmate told me he/she can’t explain that rule to me. b. My classmate told me he/she couldn’t explain that rule to me. c. My classmate told me he/she couldn’t explain that rule to you.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề d. My classmate said me he/she couldn’t explain that rule to me.32. The teacher said to class,”We shall discuss this subject tomorrow.” a. The teacher told the class they would discuss that subject the next day. b. The teacher told the class they will discuss that subject the next day. c. The teacher said the class they would discuss that subject the next day. d. The teacher told the class they discuss that subject the next day.33. The woman said to her son,”I am glad I am here.” a. The woman told her son I was glad I was there. b. The woman told her son she was glad I was there. c. The woman told her son she was glad she was there. d. The woman told to her son she was glad she was there.34. Mike said,”We have bought these books today.” a. Mike said they bought those books that day. b. Mike said they had bought those books that day. c. Mike said they have bought those books that day. d. Mike said they had bought those books that day.35. Sarah said,”I read Jane Eyre last year.” a. Sarah said she had read Jane Eyre the previous year. b. Sareh said she read Jane Eyre the previous year. c. Sareh said she has read Jane Eyre the previous year. d. Sareh said she would read Jane Eyre the previous year.36. She said that she .................. participating in that event. a. would be interesting in b. would be interested in c. was going to d. would be going to37. “You damaged my bicycle, Tom!” said John a. John accused to Tom for damaging his bicycle. b. John accused with Tom to have damaged his bicycle. c. John accused Tom of damaging his bicycle. d. John accused Tom to damage his bicycle.38. “Never borrow money from friends,”my father said. a. My father said to me never borrow money from friends. b. My father told me never to borrow money from friends. c. My father advised me not borrow money from friends. d. My father suggested me never borrowing money from friends.39. They asked Tom to repeat what he had said. a. “Please repeat what you said,Tom “ they said. b. “Tom, repeat what have you said,”they said. c. “To repeat what you have said,”they said. d. “What you said, you should repeat,” they asked Tom.40. “Why don’t you complain to the company, John?” said Peter. a. Peter asked John why he doesn’t complain to the company. b. Peter advised John complaining to the company. c. Peter suggested John to complain to the company. d. Peter suggested that John should complain to the company.41. “Don’t walk on the grass,” the gardener said to us. a. The gardener said to us don’t walk on the grass. b. The gardener told us not to walk on the grass. c. The gardener suggested us not to walk on the grass. d. The gardener advised us not walking on the grass.42. “How beautiful is the dress you have just bought!” Peter said to Mary.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề a. Peter promised said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress. b. Peter said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress. c. Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress. d. Peter asked Mary how she had just bought her beautiful dress.43. “Hello, Mary!” Peter said a. Peter said hello Mary b. Peter said Mary hello c. Peter told Mary hello d. Peter greeted Mary44. “Why don’t you ask the teacher for help?” Peter asked me. a. Peter advised me to ask the teacher for help. b. Peter recommended me not to ask the teacher for help. c. Peter told me the reason why I did not ask the teacher for help. d. Peter suggested that he should ask the teacher for help. 45. The teacher advised us ........................

a. to be careful when doing these exercises. b. Be careful when doing these exercises.

c. Careful when doing these exercises. d. Are careful when doing these exercises.46. She told me ...................................

a. shut the door but don’t lock it. b. shut the door but not lock it.c. to shut the door but not lock it. d. to shut the door but not to

lock it.47. He told me ....................................

a. think well before I answered. b. think well before I answer. c. to think well before I answered. d. to think well before I will answer.

48. “Don’t play video games all the time !” , he said. a. He told the boy not to play video games all the time. b. He said to the boy not play video games all the time. c. He told to the boy not to play video games all the time. d. He said the boy not play video games all the time.

49. ”He said “I bought these books last week”. a. He said he bought these books last week. b. He said he had bought these books last week. c. He said he had bought those books the week before. d. He said he bought those books the week before.

50. “Did they tell you when they left” she said to me. a. She asked me if they told me when they left. b. She asked me if they told me when they had left. c. She asked me if they had told me when they left. d. She asked me if they had told me when they had left.

51. “Be careful! The water is hot” she shouted. a. She said to be careful because the water is hot. b. She asked me to be careful because the water was hot. c. She told me to be careful because the water is hot. d. She should be careful because the water was hot.

52. The teacher ordered not to make so much noise. a. The teacher said us “ Not make so much noise”. b. The teacher told us “ Didn’t make so much noise”. c. The teacher ordered us “Not to make so much noise”. d. The teacher said to us “ Don’t make so much noise”

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 53. She asked me if it would rain that night.

a. She asked “ would it rain that night.” b. She said “ It would rain that night”. c. She asked “ Will it rain tonight.” d. She said to me “ It will rain night.”

54. He asked me where I was going on my vacation that year. a. He asked me “Where I was going on my vacation that year?” b. He asked me “Where was I going on my vacation that year?” c. He asked me “Where you are going on your vacation that year?” d. He saked me “Where are you going on your vacation this year?”

55. Peter said if he were me he would stop smoking.a. I wanted Peter to stop smoking and he promised to do.b. Peter provided to stop smoking.c. Peter said he would stop smoking as I wanted him to.d. Peter advided me to stop smoking.

RELATIVE CLAUSES( MÃÛNH ÂÃÌ QUAN HÃÛ)

PHÁÖN A: LYÏ THUYÃÚTI. Âënh nghéa: Mãûnh âãö quan hãû coìn goüi laì mãûnh âãö tênh ngæî ( Adjective clause), laì mãûnh âãö phuû cuía cáu, bäø nghéa cho danh tæì âæïng liãön træåïc noï. Mãûnh âãö naìy thæång bàõt âáöu caïc âaûi tæì quan hãû ( Relative pronoun) nhæ: who, whom, which, that, whose vaì caïc phoï tæì quan hãû (Adverb pronoun) nhæ: when, where, why.II. Caïch dung caïc âaûi tæì vaì phoï tæì quan hãû:Âaûi tæì & Phoï tæì QH

thay thãú cho Chæïc nàng Vë trê

1. WHO danh tæì chè ngæåìi Chuí ngæî sau dtæì thay thãú

2. WHOM danh tæì chè ngæåìi Tán ngæî sau dtæì thay thãú

3. WHICH danh tæì chè váût Chuí ngæî/ Tán ngæî

sau dtæì thay thãú

4. THAT dtæì chè ngæåìi / váût Chuí ngæî/ Tán ngæî

sau dtæì thay thãú

5. WHOSE tênh tæì såí hæîu træåïc dtæì

Bäø nghéa cho dtæì

sau dtæì thay thãú

6. WHERE tæì chè nåi chäún (at/in/on + which ;there)

Traûng ngæî chè nåi chäún

sau tæì chè nåi chäún

7. WHEN tæì chè thåìi gian(at/in/on + which ;then)

Traûng ngæî chè thåìi gian

sau tæì chè thåìi gian

8. WHY tæì chè ng.nhán (the reason)

Traûng ngæî chè ng.nhán

sau tæì chè ng.nhán

* Examples:1. The woman who lives next door is very friendly2. The man whom you saw yesterday is my uncle3. The book which has some wonderful pictures is about the wifelife. The dress which you gave me on my birthday is beautiful.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 4. The book that you lent me is interesting. This is the man that I have met before.5. This is the woman whose son is a doctor. They found a cat whose leg was broken.6. I’ll never forget the day when ( on which) I met him. That was the time when ( at which) he managed the company.7. I went to the office where ( in which) my father works. Dalat is the place where ( to which) I like to come.8. I don’t know the reason why he left school.III. Phán loaûi: Coï 2 loaûi mãûnh âãö quan hãû1. Mãnh âãö haûn âënh (Restrictive clause): laì mãûnh âãö bbäø nghéa cho danh tæì chæa xaïc âënh, khäng coï mãûnh âãö naìy cáu khäng âuí nghéa. Ex: I don’t know the man who is talking to Mary. The picture which Tom is looking at is beatiful.2. Mãûnh âãö khäng haûn âënh (non - Restrictive claues): Laì mãûnh âãö bäù nghéa cho danh tæì âaî xaïc âënh(Dtæì riãng; Dtæì sau tênh tæì såí hæîu, tæì chè âënh, ..., khäng coï mãûnh âãö naìy cáu váùn âuí nghéa. Mãûnh âãö naìy ngàn caïch våïi mãûnh âãö chênh bàòng 1 hoàûc 2 dáúu pháøy.Ex: - His father, who is working in this factory, will retire next year. - I had a personal talk with Jane, who wanted to take that job. IV. Mãûnh âãö quan hãû ruït goün: (Reduced form of relative clause)Ruït goün bàòng:1. Hiãûn taûi phán tæì ( Present participle): V - ING khi âäüng tæì trong mãûnh âãö quan hãû åí thãø chuí âäüng.Ex: Do you know the boy who broke the window yesterday? Do you know the boy breaking the window yesterday?2. Quïa khæï phán tæì ( Past participle): V3/ V- ED khi âäüng tæì trong mãûnh âãö quan hãû åí thãø bëí âäüng.Ex: The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy. The students punished by the teacher are lazy.3. To - infinitiveEx: English is an important language which we have to master. English is an important language to master.V. Caïc træåìng håüp cáön læu yï:1. Khi WHOM , WHO, WHICH, THAT laìm tán ngæî ta coï thãø læåüc boí âi trong mãûnh âãö quan hãû.Ex: She’s the person who(m) I met on the bus. She’s the person I met on the bus.2. THAT khäng âæåüc duìng trong mãûnh âãö khäng haûn âënh, mãûnh âãö quan hãû ruït goün vaì khäng âæïng sau giåïi tæì.3. THAT thæåìng âæåüc duìng sau danh tæì coï tênh tæì so saïnh nháút (the best, the most,..) vaì caïc âaûi tæì khäng xaïc âënh ( everybody, everyone, everything, somebody, someone, something, nobody, noone, nothing,...)Ex: This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.

PHÁÖN B: BAÌI TÁÛP1. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1. Mr. Pike ............... is uor boss, has just come back from Paris.

A. who B. whom C. which D. that2. The botanists are examining the plants ................ were brought from Africa.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề A. who B. whom C. which D. that3. Do you know the hotel ............ ?

A. at which she is staying B. where she is staying C. she is staying at D. all are correct

4. That is the new teacher about .............. the student are talking. A. that B. who C. whose D. whom

5. This subject, .............. going to discuss , is very important. A. which we are B. which are we B. that we are D. a and c are correct

6. The scientist .............. invention was a success became famous A. who B. whose C. which D. that

7. I knew some people .............. A. who could help you B. whom could help you C. whose help could you D. could help you

8. That is the dress ............. . A. which made by Mary B. which making by Mary C. was made by Mary D. made by Mary

9. The bicycle ............... is very moderm. A. I told you about which B. which about I told you C. about I told you which D. about which I told you

10. Many diseases ................ are no longer dangerous today A. why people died of year ago B. which people died years ago C. of that people died years ago D. that people died of years ago

11. Have you made a decision on the day .............. ? A. which you will set off B. when you will set off B. at which you will set off D. where you will set off

12. The road ............... is shaded with trees. A. on which we go to school every day B. at which we go to school every day C. from which we go to school every day D. where we go to school every day

13. I’m standing at the window ....................A. in which I can see the lake B. where I can see the lake C. at which I can see the lake D. from which I can see the lake

14. I’ll show you the second hand bookshop ............... A. when you can find valuable old books B. why you can find valuable old books C. where you can find valuable old books D. which you can find valuable old books

15. Lan’s marriage has been arranged by her family. She is marrying a man ............

A. that she hardly knows him B. whom she hardly knows him C. she hardly knows D. she hardly knows him

16. I come from the Seattle area, ............ many successful companies such as Microsoft and Boeing are located.a. which b. that c. where d. whom17. They have just visited the town .............. location was little known.a. where b. whose c. which d. that18. ......... one of the most creative artists in rock ‘n roll, came from California. a. Frank Zappa, who was b. Frank Zappa was

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề c. Frank Zappa, that was d. Frank Zappa whom was19. He came to the party wearing only a pair of shorts and a T-shirt, ............ was a stupid thing to do.a. who b. whom c. which d. that20. He lives in a small town .................a. where is called Taunton b. which is called Tauntonc. is called Taunton d. that called Taunton21. The house ................ is more than 100 years old.a. where I live b. in where I live c. in that I live d. where I live in22. ............... want to get a god job have to have certain qualifications and experience.a. Who b. Those which c. Those who d. Those whom23. Wild fires are common is the forest areas of Australia, of the US and Canada , ........... the climate is moist.a. in where b. in that c. where d. which24. King Henry , .............. was Elizabeth I, led England into the Age of Empire.a. daughter b. whom daughter c. which daughter d. whose daughter25. Frank invited Janet, ............ , to the party.a. met in Japan b. meeting in Japanc. whom he had met in Japan d. that he had met in Japan26. The singer, ........... Most recent recording has had much success, is signing autographs.a. whose b. that c. who d. whom27. He likes shopping between 1.00 and 3.00 pm, ............most people are at home.a. when b. where c. in which d. at that28. He took me to an expensive restaurant where we enjoyed a good meal.a. enjoyed a good meal b. to enjoy a good mealc. and enjoying a good meal d. we enjoyed a good meal in which29. The fishermen and their boats ................were off the coast three days ago have just been reported to be missinga. which b. that c. who d. whom30. The banker to ............... I gave my check was quite friendlya. who b. that c. whom d. which31. Birds make nests in trees ............... they can hide their young in the leaves and branches.a. which b. where c. that d. in that32. He lent me ................ yesterday. a. the book I need b. the book when I need c. which book I need d. the book whose I need 33. ............. cheat on the exam have to leave the room.a. Those b. Who c. Those whom d. Those who34. .............. really a fish, has no brain, no bones, and no face.a. A jelly fish is not b. A jelly fish, it is notc. A jelly fish, which is not d. A jelly fish, that is not35. We have a lot of things that we have to do today.a. doing b. to do c. done d. do36. The young man who lives next door is very kind to my family.a. to live next door b. he lives next door c. living next door d. lived next door

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 37. My father works for a construction company in ................a. Winchester, which is a city in the U.K. b. Winchester that is a city in the U.K.c. Winchester is a city in the U.K. d. Winchester where is a city in the U.K.38. Ms Young, to ............. many of her student are writing, is living happily and peacefully in Canada.a. who b. whom c. that d. whose39. I saw a lot of new people at the party, ................ seemed familiar. a. some of whom b. some of who c. whom d. some of that40. My friend eventually decided to quit her job, .............. upset me a lot.a. that b. when c. which d. who41. He is the man .............. car was stolen last week.a. whom b. that c. which d. whose42. They have just found the couple and their car ................ were swept away during the heavy storm last week.a. that b. which c. whose d. when43. It was the worst winter .................... anyone could remember.a. when b. which c. where d. why44. I would like to know the reason ................. he decided to quit the job.a. why b. which c. that d. when45. ............. instructed me how to make a good preparation for a job interview.a. John Robbins to that I spoke by telephone, b. John Robbins, that I spoke to by telephone,c. John Robbins I spoke to by telephone, d. John Robbins, whom I spoke to by telephone,46. He was always coming up with new ideas , ............. were absolutely impracticable.a. most of whom b. that c. most of which most of that47. She always had wanted to go to places ............ she could speak her native tongue.a. that b. in that c. which d. where48. February is the month ............. many of my colleagues take skiing holidays.a. when b. that c. in that d. which 49. There was no one ..............a. I could ask for help b. when I could ask for helpc. I could ask whom for help d. for that I could ask for help.50. The children were quite attracted by the tamer and his animals ......... were performing on the stage.a. that b. which c. whom d. who51. Is there anything else ................. you want to ask?a. what b. where c. whom d. that

ALTHOUGH/ THOUGH/ EVENTHOUGH/ IN SPITE OF/DESPITEBECAUSE / BECAUSE OF

A. PHAÀN LYÙ THUYEÁTCaùch bieán ñoåi Although/though, eventhough in spite of/despite; because because of

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề Nguyeân taéc chung Although/ though/ Eventhough; because + meänh ñeàDespite / in spite of; because of + cuïm danh töø / ñoäng töø daïng Ving

Caùch bieán ñoåi 1. Neáu chuû töø hai meänh ñeà gioáng nhau

Boû chuû töø trong meänh ñeà phuï vaø chuyeån ñoäng töø chính veà daïng Ving

Although Tom got up late, he got to school on time.=> Despite / in spite of getting up late, Tom got to school on time.

2. Neáu meänh ñeà although/though; because la:ø Danh töø + to be + tính töø

Ñem tính töø ñaët tröôùc danh töø, boû to beAlthough the rain was heavy, we went to school.=> Despite / in spite of the heavy rain, we went to school.

3. Neáu meänh ñeà although/though; because coù daïng : Ñaïi töø +to be + tính töø

Ñoåi ñaïi töø sang tính töø sôû höõu, ñoåi tính töø thaønh danh töø, boû to beAlthough He was sick, he went to school.=> Despite / in spite of his sickness, he went to school.

4. Neáu meänh ñeà although/though; because coù daïng: Ñaïi töø +ñoäng töø + traïng töø

Ñoåi ñaïi töø thaønh tính töø sôû höõu, ñoäng töø thaønh danh töø,traïng töø thaønh tính töø, sau ñoù ñem tính töø boå nghóa cho danh töø.Although He behaved impolitely,.....=> Despite / in spite of his impolite behavior ,.........

5. Neáu meänh ñeà although/though; because coù daïng: There be + danh töø

Khí ñoù ta boû there be giöõ laïi danh töø.Although there was an accident ,.....=> Despite / in spite of an accident,......

6. Neáu meänh ñeà although/though; because coù daïng: It (be) + tính từ về thời tiết

Ñoåi tính töø thaønh danh töø vaø theâm maïo töø phía tröôùc.Although it was rainy, .....=> Despite / in spite of the rain, ……….foggyfog (söông muø) rainy rain (möa)Snowysnow (tuyeát) stormystorm (baûo)

7. Neáu meänh ñeà although/though; because coù daïng: Danh từ + (be) + p.p ( câu bị động)

Ñoåi PP thaønh danh töø theâm maïo töø the phía tröôùc vaø of phía sau, danh töø ñaàu caâu ñem xuoáng ñeå sau of.

Although television was invented, .....=> Despite / in spite of the invention of television, ……

B. PHAÀN THÖÏC HAØNHExercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences using the given phrase. 1. We took many pictures although the sky was cloudy.

>>In spite of......................................................................................................

2. We understand him in spite of his strong accent.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề >> Although......................................................................................................

3. Although he is wealthy, he is not spoiled.

>> Despite........................................................................................................

4. Despite a good salary, he was unhappy in his job

>> Though........................................................................................................

5. In spite of the high prices, my roommates go to the movies every Saturday.

>>Although.......................................................................................................

6. Even though she had a poor memory, she told interesting stories to the

children.

>>Despite.........................................................................................................

7. In spite of their poverty, they are very generous.

>> Although......................................................................................................

8. Though she has been absent frequently, he has managed to pass the test.

>> Despite........................................................................................................

9. In spite of Lee’s Sadness at losing the contest, she managed to smile.

>> Although......................................................................................................

10................My friend ate the chocolate cake even though she was on a diet.

>>Despite.........................................................................................................

11..................................................In spite of a headache, he enjoyed the film.

>> Although......................................................................................................

12............................My sister will take a plane even though she dislikes flying

.>>In spite of.....................................................................................................

13........................................................He isn’t happy although he is very rich.

>>Despite.........................................................................................................

14....................................Even though he got a good job, he was not satisfied.

>> Despite........................................................................................................

15..................................Although he often tells lies, many people believe him.

>> Despite........................................................................................................

16............................Mary didn’t go to school yesterday because she was sick.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

17...............................................She went to bed early because she felt tired.

>>Because of....................................................................................................

18...............................Margaret stayed at home because her mother was sick.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

19................................................I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 20.............................................. I couldn’t read the letter because it was dark.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

21................................................................... I can’t study because it is noisy.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

22.....................................................The train come late because it was foggy.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

23.............................................. The train was late because the fog was thick.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

24.......................................................I can’t sleep because the weather is hot.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

25...................................All the teacher love him because his conduct is good.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

26...........................Because there was a traffic accident, I went to school late.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

27.....................Because there is a shortage of meet, we had to live on beans.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

28........................Because there was a lack of water, many trees died rapidly.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

29............................................She walked slowly because her leg was injured.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

30........................................Because it was sunny, we decided to go camping.

>> Because of...................................................................................................

31...................... Although he worked very hard, he didn’t receive nay praise.

> Despite...........................................................................................................

32............... Although he ha a physical handicap, he has become a successful

businessman.

> In spite of.......................................................................................................

33.............................................................. Although it was cold, we went out.

> Despite...........................................................................................................

34................................ Despite of our careful plans, a lot of thing went wrong.

> Although.........................................................................................................

35. She went home early because she didn’t feel well.

> Because of .....

36........................ I managed to go to sleep although there was a lot of noise.

> In spite of.......................................................................................................

37............................ The accident happened because of the driver’s careless.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề > Because..........................................................................................................

38......................................... Jane was worried because it had started to rain.

> Because of......................................................................................................

39............................ The students arrived late because there was traffic jam.

>Because of.......................................................................................................

40........... We have to cut down on driving because there was an oil shortage.

>Because of.......................................................................................................

41................ Nancy told me the secret, despite having promised not to do so.

>Although.........................................................................................................

42............. In spite of her dislike for coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm.

>Although.........................................................................................................

43.......... Although he is an accountant, he never seems to have any money.

>In spite of........................................................................................................

44..........................Although Henry is a millionaire, he hates spending money.

>Despite...........................................................................................................

45................................................He went on working although he felt unwell.

46....................................................................................................>In spite of

47.........................These students arrived late because they had an accident.

48..................................................................................................>Because of

49......................... All the students love the principal because of his kindness.

>Because...........................................................................................................

50................English is learned by millions of students because it is important.

>Because of......................................................................................................

51.. . He was able to do such things although he lacked medical qualifications.

>Despite...........................................................................................................

52. They sleep soundly although the night air was hot. >In spite of………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS(SO SAÏNH CUÍA TÊNH TÆÌ VAÌ TRAÛNG TÆÌ)

PHÁÖN A: LYÏ THUYÃÚTI. So saïnh bàòng (Equal comparison)1. Khàóng âënh: AS + ADJECTIVE + AS2. Phuí âënh : NOT SO / AS + ADJ/ ADV + ASEx: This exercise is as difficult as that one. She cooks as well as her mother does He isn’t so/ as intelligent as his brother. John doesn’t work so/ as hard as Mary

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề II. So saïnh hån (Comparative)1. Våïi tênh tæì vaì traûng tæì ngàõn (coï 1 ám tiãút)

SHORT ADJ/ ADV + ER + THANEx: Nam is taller than his sister. He works harder than his friend.* Chuï yï: + Khi tinh tæì coï 1 ám tiãút táûn cuìng bàòng phuû ám, coï nguyãn ám âi træåïc ta phaíi gáúp âäi phuû ám räöi måïi thãm “ER” Ex: hot ..... hotter; big ...... bigger ; thin ...... thinner ; fat ...... fatter + Khi tênh tæì coï 1 ám tiãút táûn cuìng bàòng “y” coï phuû ám âi træåïc âäøi “y” thaình “i” räöi thãm “ER”, vaì táûn cuìng bàòng “e” thç chè thãm “R” vaìo sau tæì âoï.Ex: dry ....... drier ; large .........larger ; wide ........ wider + Khi tinhs tæì coï 2 ám tiãút táûn cuìng bàòng “y”, “le”, “ow”, “er” thç âæåüc xem laì tênh tæì ngàõn.Ex: happy ...... happier ; gentle ...... gentler ; narrow ....... narrower ; clever ..... clevererIII. So saïnh nháút (supperlative)1. Våïi tênh tæì/ traûng tæì ngàõn:

THE + SHORT ADJ/ ADV + ESTEx: The Nile is the longest river in the world. She ran fastet in this competition.2. Våïi tênh tæì vaì traûng tæì daìi:

THE MOST + LONG ADJ/ ADVEx: This is the most interesting. He speaks French the most fluently.*Chuï yï: Coï nhæîng træåìng håüp giäúng nhæ daûng so saïnh hån.Ex: hot ..... the hottest ; large ..... the largest ; happy ..... the happiest

MÄÜT SÄÚ TÊNH TÆÌ VAÌ TRAÛNG TÆÌ BÁÚT QUY TÀÕCTênh tæì/ Traûng tæì

So saïnh hån So saïnh nháút

Good/ WellBad/ BadlyMany/ Much LittleFar

betterworsemorelessfarther/ further

the bestthe worstthe mostthe leastthe farthest/ the furthest

IV. So saïnh keïp ( Double comparatives) : Coï 2 loaûi1. So saïnh âäöng tiãún : ( caìng ngaìy caìng ....... ) SHORT ADJ/ ADV + ER + AND + SHORT ADJ/ ADV + ER MORE AND MORE + LONG ADJ/ ADV

Ex: The weather is hotter and hotter. Mr Brown drives faster and faster. Mrs White becomes more and more beautiful. He speaks more and more quickly.

2. So saïnh luîy tiãún: (Caìng ...... caìng.... ) THE + COMPARATIVE + S + V, THE + COMPARATIVE + S + V

Ex: The fatter they get, the more tired they feel. The more difficult the lesson is, the harder we try. The larger the house is, the more expensive it is.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề The harder we study, the more easily we pass the exam.PHÁÖN B: BAÌI TÁÛPI Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1. He studies..........his two brothers.

a. much better than b. more better than c. more good than d. very better than2. The worker was ..........his boss expected, so he was offered a raise.

a. more hard-working b. as hard-working thanc. more hard - working than d. more hard - working as

3. ............... you study for the exams,................ you will do it.a. The harder/ the better b. The more/ the much c. The harded/ the much d. The mor hard/ the more good

4. My neighbor is driving me mad! It seems that ................. it is at night ................ he plays his music!

a. the less/ the more loud b. the less/ less c. the more/ the more loudlier d. the later/ the louder

5. Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become .............. .

a. more and more good b. better and better c. the more and more good d. the more hard/ the more good

6. The Sea Towrer is ......................... building in Chicago.a. taller b. the more tall c. the tallest d. taller and taller

7. Petrol is ...................... it used to.a. twice as expensive as b. tiwce expensive more than c. tiwce more than expensive d. more expensive than tiwce

8. Peter is ..................... John.a. younger and more intelligent than b. more young and intelligent than c. more intelligent and younger than d. the more intelligent and younger than

9. San Diago is .................... town in Southern in California.a. more nice and nice b. the nicer c. the nicest d. nicer and nicer

10. It gets ................ when the winter is coming.a. cold and cold b. the coldest and coldestc. colder and colder d. more and more cold

11. Robert does not have ..................... Peter does.a. money more than b. as many money as c. more money as d. as much money as

12. The Mekong Delta is ...................... deltas in Vietnam.a. the largest of the two b. the more larger of the two c. one of the largest d. one of the larger

13. As she did so, her parents becamr ......................a. the angeriest b. the most angry c. the more angry d. angrier and angrier

14. People should eat ..................... and do ................... to reduce the risk of heart disease.

a. less fat/ more exercise b. less and less fat/ the more exercisec. the less fat/ the more exercise d. fatter/ more exercise

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 15. He spent a year in India and loves spicy food. ................... the food is, ................. he likes it

a. The hotter/ the more and more b. The hotter/ the more c. The more and more hot/ the more d. The hottest/ the most

16. Of course you can come to the party, ..........................a. the more and merrier b. the more and the merrierc. the more and merrier d. the more and more merrier

17. I feel .................... I did yesterday.a. much more tired than b. many more tired tyhan c. as many tired as d. as more tired as

18. She is .................... a spectator.a. more an ethlete than b. more of an athlete than c. an athlete more than d. an athlete of more than

19. His house is .......................... mine.a. tiwce as big as b. as tiwce big asc. as two times big as d. as big as twice

20. It gets ................... to understand what professor has explained.a. the more difficult b. more difficult than c. difficult more and more d. more and more difficult

21. You must drive slower in built up areas. ......................... you drive in the city, it is ..................... that you will have an accident.

a. The faster and faster/ the more b. The faster/ the more probablec. The more and more fast/ the more and more probabled. The more fastly/ the probable

22. The party was ................. I had expected.a. more a hundred times fun than b. a hundred times fun more thanc. a hundred times more fun than d. more fun thann a hundred times

23. He finds phisics ........................ other science subjects.a. far more difficult than b. many more difficult than c. too much more difficult than d. more much difficult than

24. .................... he drank, .............................. he became.a. More/ more violent b. The most / the most violent c. The more/ the more violent d. The less / less violent

25. Mary was ................... of the two sisters.a. the clever b. as clever as c. the cleverer d. the cleverest

26. French is a ........................ language to learn than English is.a. difficult b. more difficult c. most difficult d. more and more difficult

27. The cuisine of France is .............................a. more famous than that of England b. famous than the cuisine of Englandc. more famous than which of England d. as famous than that of England

28. Earning has always been the thing that pleases him most. ................. he becomrs, ...................he is.

a. The more rich/ the more happy b. The richest / the happiestc. The richer/ the happier d. Richer and richer / happier and happier

29. The fast we finish, .................... a. the sooner we can leave b. we can leave sooner and soonerc. the sooner can we leave d. we can leave the sooner

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 30. Of all athletes, Alex is ...........................

a. the less qualified b. the less and less qualifiedc. the more and more qualified d. the least quilified

31. The climber was seventy miles in the wrong direction and got .......................a. more panicked b. the more panickedc. more than panicked d. more and more panicked

32. The more you pull on it, ..................... it gets.a. the tightest b. the tighter c. the more tightest d. the most tightest

33. Flower oils are .......................... of the ingredients used in making perfume.a. among expensive b. being most expensive c. among the most expensive d. expensive

34. John doesn’t work ..................... his brother.a. as hard as b. as hardly as c. more hardly than d. hardlier than

35. ........... live in Ho Chi Minh city than in the whole of the rest of the country.a. As much as people b. More people c. As many as people d. People more

II. Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one.36.The more money peter makes, the more his wife spends. a.Peter spends more money than his wife. b.Peter and his wife both make money. c.Peter spends the money his wife makes. d.Peter’s wife keeps spending their money.37. The exam was much easier than he had expected. a.The exam was much easier that he finished it all.

b. He did not find the exam as difficult as he had thought.c. It’s possible for him to perform well on the exam.d. He had expected that the exam was easy.

38. Peter drives more carefully trhan Tom. a. Peter is a more careless driver than Tom. b.Tom doesn’t drive as carefully as Peter. c.Peter isn’t a more careful driver than Tom d. Tom driver less careful than Peter.39. The book interested me more than the film. a. I thought the book was more interesting than the film. b. In my opinion the film was not as interesred as the book. c. I thought the book didn’t interest me as the film. d. In my opinion the film bored me than the book.40. The South of England is drier tha the north. a. There is not as much rain in the south of England as in the north. b. There is not as dry in the north of England as in the south. c. There is not so dry in the south of England as in the north. d. There are more than in the north of England as in the south.

ARTICLES (MAÛO TÆÌ)PHÁÖN A: LYÏ THUYÃÚTCoï 2 loaûi maûo tæì: Maûo tæì khäng xaïc âënh vaì Maûo tæì xaïc âënh.I/ M ạ o t ừ kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh (indefinite articles): A, AN A, an có thể đứng trước danh từ đếm được số ít.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề -A, an được sử dụng trong lời nói chung chung hoặc để giới thiệu moệt điều gì chưa được đề cập trước đó.Ex: A ball is round nói chung mọi trái bóng đều tròn I saw a boy in the street chúng ta không biết “boy” nào+ An được dùng trước những từ bắt đầu bằng một nguyên âm+ A được dùng trước những từ bắt đầu bằng một phụ âm Ex: a book, a pen, an apple, an ink-potMột số từ có thể gây ra sự nhầm lẫn do cách viết và cách đọc khác nhau.Ex: a house nhưng an hour a university nhưng an umbrella- Những từ sau đây luôn được dùng với aEuropean house uniform eulogyhome university euphemism heavyuniversal eucalyptus half union-Những từ sau luôn được dùng với anNote: an umbrella a white umbrella an hour a whole hourII/ Mạo từ xác định (definite articles): THE-The được sử dụng để chỉ sự việc mà chúng ta đã biết hoặc là một kiến thức chung, phổ biếnEx1: The boy in the corner is my friend.(cả người nói và người nghe đều biết “boy” nào)Ex2: The earth is round.(chỉ duy nhất 1 “earth”)-Với những danh từ đếm được, mạo từ the được sử dụng để nói về một cái gì đấy riêng biệt, nhưng sẽ không dùng mạo từ nếu muốn chỉ cái gì chung chung.Ex: Sugar is sweet. (đường thì ngọt) nói chung chung The sugar on the table is from Cuba. (đường ở trên bàn là đường Cuba)riêng biệt-Thông thường, với những danh từ đếm được số nhiều khi nói đến một lọai nào đó thì không có the đi trước.Ex: Oranges are green until they ripen. (all oragnes)-Với danh từ riêng, sẽ có mạo từ the đứng trước nếu người nói muốn xác định rõ.Ex: The Susan Parker that I know lives on First Avenue.-Những từ như breakfast, lunch, dinner, school, church, home, college, work không sử dụng bất cứ mạo từ nào nếu không giới hạn nghĩaEx: We ate breakfast at eight o’clock this morning. We went to school yesterday.

Sử dụng sự tổng quát sau đây như một sự chỉ dẫn cho việc sử dụng mạo từ theA. Sử dụng THE với:1. oceans, rivers, seas, gulfs, plural lakesEx: the Red Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the Persian gulf, the great Lakes2. mountain rangesEx: the Rocky Mountains, the Andes3.earth, moonEx: the earth, the moon4. schools, colleges, universities when the phrase begins with school,...Ex: the University of Florida, the college of Art and Sciences5. ordinal numbers before nounsEx: the First World War, the third chapter6. wars (except World Wars)Ex: the Korean war7. certain countries or groups of countries with more than one word(except Great Britian)

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề Ex: the United States, the United Kingdom8. historical docunemtsEx: the constitution9. ethnic groupsEx: the IdiansB.Không sử dụng THE với:1. singular lakesEx: Lake Geneva, Lake Erie2. mountainsEx: (Mount) Vesuvius, (Mount) McKinley, (Mount) Everest3. planetsEx: Venus, Mars...4.school, colleges, universities when the phrase begins with a proper noun.Ex: Hong Bang University, Hung Vuong University5. cardinal numbers after nounsEx: World War I, chapter three6. countries preceded by “New” or an adjective such as directionEx: New Zealand, South Africa7.countries with only one wordEx: France, Sweden...8.continentsEx: Europe, Africa...9. statesEx: Florida, Ohio, California...10. sportsEx: basket ball, base ball11. abstract nounsEx: freedom, happiness12. general areas of subject matterEx: Mathematics, sociology13. holidaysEx: Christmas, Easter

PHÁN B: BAÌI TÁÛP1. It is generally believed that “Men make............house anh women make.....home”.

a. Ø/ Ø b. a/an c. the/the d. an/the2. John is.........only child in his parents love him a lot.a. a b. an c. the d. no article3. Billy has been seriously ill, and he was taken to ................ hospital yesterday.a. a b. an c. the d. no article4. My father phoned me to say that he would come home late.a. a b. an c. the d. no article5. At last they divorced after ten years of ............ marriage.a. a b. an c. the d. no article6. ....... large number India men agreed that it was unwise to confide in their wives.a. a b. an c. the d. no article7. Not all men are concerned with ................ phisical attractiveness of their girl-friends and wives.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề a. a b. an c. the d. no article8. ........... love is............ very strong feeling of affection towards someone who you are romantically are sexually attracted to.a. The/ the b. the/ Ø c. A/ the d. Ø / a9. I fell in.........love with him because of his kind nature.a. a b. an c. the d. no article10. ................non - verbal language is ..................... important aspect international communication.a. The/ Ø Ø b. A/the c. The/ a d Ø Ø/ an11. Balzer, ......... linguistic researcher, reported that approximately 75% of classroom management behavior was nonverbal.a. a b. an c. the d. Ø Ø12. In general, the meaning of ............ touching depends of the situation, culture, sex and age.a. a b. an c. the d. Ø Ø13. ....... same words or phrases can have many ............ different meanings, depend on how they are said.a. Ø Ø/ Ø Ø b. A/the c Ø. Ø/ the d. The/ a14. ........ most countries, it is compulsory for children to receive promary education .a. a b. an c. the d. Ø Ø15. In most .......... developped countries, up to 50% of ............... population enter higher education at some time in their lives.a. Ø Ø/ the b. the/ a c. Ø Ø/ Ø Ød. The/ Ø Ø16................... colleges and ............... universities are the main institutions that provide tertiary education. a. the/ Ø Ø b Ø. Ø /the c. the/ the d. Ø Ø/ Ø Ø17. His dream of becoming ................ doctor become true after seven years of learning hard.a. a. b. an c. the d. Ø Ø18. ................... information you need is in this book. Read it carefully.a. A b. An c. The d. Ø Ø19. Show your interviewer your sense of ................. responsibility for work.a. a. b. an c. the d. Ø Ø20. Where is Peter? - He is at .................. school.a. a. b. an c. the d. Ø Ø

21. We are late because we got stuck in .. ........... traffic jam. a. an b. the c. a d.22. If you open the door, .......... air will circulate better.

a.an b. a c. few d. 23. What are your plans for .............. Future?

a . a b. an c. the d. 24. Up to now, ............... space exploring still remains............... Very risky, complex, and expensive endeavor.

a. the / the b. a / the c. a / d. / a25. Within ..........few years, ............ private space travel has gone from concept to reality.

/ an b. the / the c. the / a d. a /26.With its long days, lack of ............ atmosphere, and wide- open spaces, …….moon would also make an ideal place to put massive solar power plants.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề / a b. an /the c. the /a d. an /

27. ........... Technology is already present in the form of computers, printers, scanners, handheld devices, wireless technologies, and Internet connections.

A b. An c. The. d.. 28. if you have ever watched television, you have seen plenty ........... drug ads

29.By 2015, it will be widely accepted that schools and pre-schools have ........ extremely important role to play in ........... future of our world. a.an /a b. an /the c. the /the d. / 30.On ........... Internet and with cable television we can select information from ............ wide variety of sources. a.the /a b. an /the c. the / d. / the31.There is one ............. thing we can be sure:.......... energy will be more challenging and more important in the future. a.the / b. the /an c. a /the d. / 32. ........ Europe and Asia are coming to rely more and more on ........... nuclear generation. a.An/ a b. / c. the /the d . the /a33. He usually travels to ......... Philadelphia by ........... train. a./ b. the /a c. the /the d. / a34. You frequently see this kind of violence on ........television a. a b. an c. the d. 35. It is predicted that ......... computing technology will increase in value at ...... Samr time it will decrease in cost.

a./ the b. a/ the c. the/ a d. a/ 36.......... computers will continue to get smaller, faster and more affordable.

a.a. b. an c. the d. 37. ........ aspirin is recommened to many people as ........ good pain killer.

a.An/ the b. the / c. / a d. A/ the38. Many people believe that....... human beings will never used up all ...... natural resourses on earth.

a. / the b. the/ a c. the / d. a /the39. like other forms of ........ energy, natural gas may be used to heat homes, cook food, and even run ............ Automobiles. a./ the b. an /the c. the/ an d. / 40. I told Mom we would be ......... home in ............hour or so.

a. the/ b. a/ the c. / an d. the /a

PREPOSITIONS (GIÅÏI TÆÌ)PHÁÖN A: LYÏ THUYÃÚTI. Prepositions of time: (Traûng tæì chè thåìi gian)1. At + giåì: at 5’ oclock, ai 7 p.m+ Chuï yï: mäüt säú cuûm tæì cäú âënh nhæ:- at noon ( vaìo buäøi træa); at midnight ( vaìo giæîa âãm); at night; at sunrise/ dawn ( vaìo luïc bçnh minh); at sunset/ dusk ( vaìo luïc hoaìng hän); at Christmas; at once; at lastt; at the moment; at weekend; at present......2. In + Nàm : in 2000, in 2006,.... In + thaïng : in June , in May, ..... In + muìa: in spring/ summer/ autumn/ winter. In + caïc buäøi tronh ngaìy: in the morning/ afternoon/ evening.Note: In time: këp giåì

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 3. On + caïc thæï trong tuáön : on Monday/ Saturday,..... On + ngaìy thaïng: on June 10 th/ on May 5th....Note: on time (âuïng giåì); on Christmas Day; on Tet holiday, ....4. Ngoaìi ra coìn 1 säú giåïi tæì khaïc nhæ: for, since, from .... .to; between ... and...; until; till; after; before; .....II. Prepositions of places: (traûng tæ chè nåi chäún)1. AT : at home; at the theatre; at the seaside ; at the grocer’s/ dentist’s,...; at the corner of the street; at the top; at the bottom at the foot of the page; at the beginning ; at the end ( of the lesson; at the shop; ( To arrive ) at the airport/ railway station,...2. IN: âæåüc dung træåïc tãn caïc thaình phäú, âaït næåïc, miãön, phæång hæåïng,...Ex: in London/ in Paris/ in Hanoi,... In Vietnam/ in French/ In England,... In the east; in the north,.....Note: In the street (trãn âæåìng); in my opinion (theo yï täi); in good weather (trong thåìi tiãút täút); in (the) newspaper (trong baïo); in English/ German( bàòng tiãúng Anh/ Âæïc),....3. ON : åí trãn : on the table; on the floor; on the wall;.....Note: on horseback (trãn læng ngæûa); on foot ( âi bäü); on TV; on radio; on the beach..III. Giåïi tæì sau tênh tæ:1. OF: Afraid of: e ngaûi/ ashame of : xáúu häø vãö/ aware of : nháûn thæïc/ capable of : coï khaí nàng vãö/ proud of : tæû haìo vãö/ full of : âáöy/ ahead of : træåïc,....2.TO:Accustomed to: quen våïi/ delighted to sb: thuï vë âäúi våïi ai/ familiar to sb: quen thuäüc âoïi våïi ai/ responsible to: coï trach nhiãûm âäúi våïi ai / available to sb: sàôn cho ai/ similar to ( giäúng, tæång tæû)/ equal to : bàòng , tæång âæång/ harmful to sb : coï haûi cho ai3. FOR Available for sth: coï sàôn caïi gç/ late for : trãù/ dangerous for : nguy hiãøm/ suitable for : thêch håüp / sorry for: xin läùi/ helpful (useful) for: coï låüi, coï êch/ good for: täút cho/ grateful for: biãút ån vãö viãûc gç; convenient for: thuáûn låüi cho/ ready for sth : sàôn saìng cho viãvj gç/ responsible for : chëu traïch nhiãûm vãö viãûc gç.4. ATGood at ( gioíi vãö) / bad at (dåí vãö) / clever at ( kheïo leïo) / skillful at ( coï ké nàng vãö)/ amazed at = surprised at( ngaûc nhien) / excellent at ( xuáút sàõc vãö) / present at ( hiãûn diãûn) / angry at sth ( giáûn dæî vãö âiãöu gç)5. WITHDelighted with ( vui mæìng våïi); acquainted with ( laìm quen våïi ai) ; crowded with ( âäng âuïc) ; angry with ( giáûn dæî våïi) ; friendly with ( thán mát); bored with ( chan); busy with ( báûn) ; familiar with : quen thuäüc; pleased with ( haìi loìng) ; ....6. ABOUT Excited about (haìo hæïng); happy about (haûnh phuïc, vui); sad about (buäön); serious about (nghiãm tuïc); upset about ( tháút voüng) ; worried about = anxious about ( lo làõng) 7. IN

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề Interested in (thêch, quan tám vãö); rich in (giaìu vãö); successful in (thaình cäng vãö); confident in sb ( tin cáûy vaìo ai)8. FROM Isolated from ( bë cä láûp); absent from ( vàõng màût ); different from ( khaïc) ; far from ( xa) ; safe from ( an toaìn) ; divorced from ( li dë, laìm xa råìi)9. On Keen on: hàng haïiIV. Giåïi tæì sau âäüng tæì:Apologized sb for sth: xin läùi ai vãö viãûc gç.Admire sb of sth : khám phuûc ai vãö viãûc gçBelong to sb : thuäüc vãö ai..Accuse sb of sth : âäù läùi cho ai vãö viãûc gç...Congratulate sb on sth: chuïc mæìng ai vãö viãûc gç..Differ from : khaïc våïiIntroduce to sb : giåï thiãûu aiGive up : tæì boí Look at (nhçn vaìo); look after (chàm soïc, träng nom); look for (tçm kiãúm) ; look up (tra tæû âiãøn) ; look forward to ( mong âåüi )Put on (mang vaìo, màûc vaìo); put off (hoaîn laûi)Stand for : tæåüng trængCall off : huíy boíAgree with: âäöng yï våïi Provide with: cung cáúpPrevent sb from: ngàn aiSucceed in: thaình ccäng vãöDepend on / rely on: dæûa vaì/ phuû thuäüc vaìoDie of: chãút vç Escape from: thoaït khoíiBorrow sth from sb: mæåün caïi gç cuía aiPHÁÖN B : BAÌI TÁÛP

1. I’ll be at home _____ Saturday morning. You can phone me then.A. At B. on C. In D. By

2. I’m going away _____ the end of June.A. At B. on C. in D. to

3. What time did they ____ the hotel?A. arrive to B. arrive at C. arrive in D. arrive on

4. Have you read any books ______ Agatha Christie?A. of B. from C. by D. with

5. I’m not very good _____ repairing things.A. at B. for C. in D. about

6. “What time will you arrive?” “I don’t know. It depends __ the traffic.”A. of B. for C. from D. on

7. I prefer tea _____ coffee.A. to B. than C. against D. over

8. The accident was my fault, so I had to pay for the damage __ the other car.A. of B. for C. to D. on

9. These days everybody is aware _____ the dangers of smoking.A. on B. of C. with D. about

10. He’s very brave. He’s not afraid _____ anything.A. at B. about C. with D. of

11. Bill and I come from the same town but my accent is different ___ his.45

Ngữ pháp chuyên đề A. with B. on C. at D. from

12. Do you know anyone who might be interested ___ buying an old car?A. on B. in C. with D. about

13. Sun oil can protect the skin _____ the sun.A. in B. for C. from D. by

14. The apartment consists ______ three rooms, a kitchen and bathroom.A. of B. about C. on D. at

15. Mozart died ______ Vienna in 1791 _____ the age of 35.A. in / on B. in / at C. at / in D. of / for

16. We waited ages for a taxi. We gave up ___ the end and walked home.A. in B. on C. at D. of

17. I like to get up ___ time to have a big breakfast before going to work.A. on B. to C. in D. for

18. Why are you never _____ time? You always keep everybody waiting.A. in B. on C. for D. at

19. “Romeo and Juliet” is a play ______ Shakespeare.A. about B. for C. on D. by

20. There has been an increase ______ the number of road accidents recently.A. in B. on C. at D. by

21. I’m sure you are capable ______ passing the examination.A. with B. to C. of D. by

22. My home town is not especially interesting. It’s not famous ___ anything.A. for B. with C. at D. on

23. Linda is married ____ an American.A. with B. to C. in D. for

24. When I realized that I was wrong, I apologized _____ my mistake.A. to B. at C. on D. for

25. The book is divided ______ three parts.A. to B. with C. of D. into

26. Don’t throw stones _____ the birds! It’s cruel.A. at B. to C. into D. in

27. I saw a really funny program _____ television.A. at B. from C. in D. on

28. Stuart: Good heaven! It’s Nick Jenkins, isn’t it? I don’t believe it! Nick: Stuart! I haven’t seen you ______ we left school.

A. for B. from C. since D. by29. What’s the difference ______ a boat and a ship?

A. between B. from C. under D. with30. I can’t find my keys. I had them a minute _____.

A. ago B. before C. behind D. back.31. Father: What’s this girl’s name? Son: Julie. She’s ______ college _____ me.

A. at / with B. at / on C. in / to D. to / with32. We all laughed _____ the cartoon.

A. for B. at C. on D. to33. Sally and Kevin had an argument and now they’re not speaking _______ one another.

A. about B. to C. for D. at34. Police are searching _______ the man who escaped from prison.

A. at B. in C. for D. by35. Don’t point that knife _____ me. It’s dangerous.

A. at B. to C. into D. onto

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề 36. I heard a noise behind me and turned _____, but there was nothing.

A. away B. out C. on D. round37. Why were you so unfriendly ________ Tessa? Have you had an argument with her?

A. of B. for C. to D. with38. They gave me a form and told me to fill ______ it.

A. in B. on C. at D. with39. We travelled ________ 6.45 train, which arrived at 8.30.

A. in the B. on the C. by the D. by40. Janet warned me ______ the water. She said it wasn’t safe to drink.

A. about B. with C. on D. to41. Albert is 85 and lives alone. He needs somebody to look ______ him.

A. for B. on C. at D. after.42. I will not be here next week. I am going _____ business in Singapore.

A. in B. on C. with D. at43. I don’t believe __ ghosts. I think people only imagine that they see them.

A. to B. about C. in D. with44. Don’t go too fast. I can’t keep _____ you.

A. on to B. on with C. up to D. up with45. Polly wants to cycle round the world. She’s really keen ______ the idea.

A. about B. for C. on D. with46. This village is ______ Hanoi. It’s only six miles away.

A. along B. by C. near D. next.47. Endangered species are plant and animal species which are _____ danger of extinction.

A. on B. in C. at D. by48. Plant and animal extinction leads ______ loss of biodiversity.

A. on B. in C. into D. to49. The initiative for founding the Red Cross came _______ a Swiss man called Jean Henri

Dunant.A. from B. with C. through D. to

50. Helen: Hello, Julie. You look very brown. Where’ve you been?Julie: Oh, I’ve just got back ______ holiday.

A. on B. at C. in D. from51. Miss Dunn: Hello, Tenex Transport. Can I help you?Mr. Miller: Yes. Can I speak ______ Mr. Smithers, please?

A. at B. about C. to D. for52. Tom: How long have you been living there?Peter: Oh, ______ about two years.

A. In B. Since C. On D. For

VERB FORMInfinitive with to ( §éng tõ nguyªn thÓ cã ‘to’)§éng tõ nguyªn thÓ cã ‘TO’ ®îc dïng trong nh÷ng trêng hîp sau:1. §Ó diÔn ®¹t môc ®Ých.

We are saving to buy a house.My sister is preparing dinner to serve some guests.

2. Sau mét sè tÝnh tõ. I’m very happy to receive her present.It’s careless of him to pass the traffic light.It’s exciting to talk to a foreigner for the first time.I find it useful to consult my teacher.The exercises are too difficult for them to finish in 15 minutes.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề Her son is clever enough to do the crossword.

3. Sau c¸c ®¹i tõ bÊt ®Þnh: something, anybody, nowhere, everyone etc.Who wants something to eat?We are so bored, we have nothing to do.

4. Sau c¸c tõ ®Ó hái: what, where, when, how, etc. He wondered how to tell her the bad news.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?

5. Sau c¸c tõ: the first/second/third vµ the next/ the last/ the only. If I have any more news, you will be the first to know.Everybody was late except me. I was the only to arrive on time.

6. Sau mét sè ®«ng tõ. Verb + to … ( infinitive)

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

Afford Cã thÓ chi tr¶

Expect Tr«ng chê Promise

Høa hÑn

Agree §ång ý Fail ThÊt b¹i Refuse Tõ chèi

AimNh»m môc ®Ých

Hope Hi väng Seem Dêng nh

Appear Cã vÎ Learn Häc tËp Tend

Cã khuynh h-íng

Arrange Thu xÕp

Manage

Qu¶n lý, cè ®¹t ®-îc

Threaten §e däa

Attempt

Nè lùc Mean Chñ ý, cè t×nh

Want Mong muèn

Claim Tuyªn bè Prepare

ChuÈn bÞ

Decide QuyÕt ®Þnh

Pretend

Gi¶ vê

I agree to lend him some money.We decided not to go out because of the weather.

Verb + object + to … ( infinitive)Enable

Cho phÐp Order Yªu cÇu Teach D¹y dç

Force B¾t buéc Persuade

ThuyÕt phôc

Tell B¶o, ra lÖnh

Get Nhê lµm, khiÕn cho

Remind

Nh¾c nhë Warn C¶nh b¸o

Invite Mêi mäcWho taught you to drive?Can you remind me to phone Ann tomorrow?

Verb + ( object) + to … ( infinitive)Would hate

GhÐt Ask B¶o, ra lÖnh

Mean

Chñ ý, cè t×nh

Would like

ThÝch, muèn

Beg CÇu xin Want Mong muèn

Would love

Yªu, thÝch Expect

Tr«ng chê

Would prefer

¦a thÝch h¬n

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I expect to be late. I expect Tom to be late.He doesn’t want to know. He doesn’t want anyone to know.

Infinitive without to (§éng tõ nguyªn thÓ kh«ng cã ‘to’)§éng tõ nguyªn thÓ kh«ng cã ‘TO’ ®îc dïng trong nh÷ng trêng hîp sau:

1.Sau make vµ let. Her parents wouldn’t let her go out alone. (Her parents wouldn’t allow her to go out alone.)Their boss made them work on night – shifts. (Their boss forced them to

work on night – shifts. They were made to work on night –

shifts.)2. Sau c¸c ®éng tõ: see, hear, watch, listen to, smell, feel, observe and

notice. See, hear… + bare infinitive: diÔn t¶ viÖc nghe nh×n…mét hµnh ®éng

hoµn tÊt, tõ lóc b¾t ®Çu tíi lóc kÕt thóc. See, hear… + V_ing: diÔn t¶ viÖc nghe nh×n…mét phÇn cña hµnh ®éng

khi hµnh ®éng ®ã ®ang diÔn ra.I hear them talk about me vs. I hear them talking about me.She saw a boy cross the busy road vs. She saw a boy crossing

the busy road.

3. Sau c¸c ®éng tõ khuyÕt thiÕu: may, might, can, could, have to, must, should, had better.Do you think I should apply for the job?I have to get up early tomorrow. I’m going away and my train leaves at 7.30.Can you speak any foreign languages?

Gerund ( V + _ing) ( Danh ®éng tõ)Danh ®éng tõ lµ mét danh tõ cã d¹ng nh ph©n tõ hiÖn t¹i cña ®éng tõ ( V _ ing), ®îc dïng trong nh÷ng trêng hîp sau:

1. Lµ chñ ng÷ trong c©u. Doing exercises regularly keeps you fit.Shopping takes her a lot of time.

2. Lµ bæ ng÷ cña ®éng tõ “ TO BE”. His hobby is playing soccer.One of her bad habits is watching TV for hours.

3. Trong c¸c danh tõ ghÐp. Washing machine, living room, sleeping bag etc.

4. Sau giíi tõ. Before, after, by, without

What did you do after leaving school?Before going out, I phoned Sarah.You can improve your English by reading more.It’s nice to go on holiday without having to worry about money.

Be + adjective + preposition + V_ingBe afraid of E ng¹i Be bored with Buån ch¸nBe capable of Cã kh¶ n¨ng Be busy with/ in BËn rénBe fond of ThÝch thó Be satisfied with Hµi lßngBe frightened of

Sî h·i Be disappointed with

ThÊt väng

Be tired of MÖt mái Be amused at Buån cêi

Be terrified of KhiÕp sî Be good/ bad at Giái/ kÐm trong viÖc g×

Instead of Thay v× Be interested in Quan t©m, thÝch thó

In spite of MÆc dï Be surprised at Ng¹c nhiªnBe excited about

Hµo høng Be keen on Say mª

Be worried about

Lo l¾ng Be used to Quen thuéc, tha

Are you interested in working with us?All of them are excited about camping overnight.Her mother is busy with typing the documents.My little brother isn’t frightened of spiders.

Verb + preposition + _ingGo on

TiÕp tôc

Decide against QuyÕt ®Þnh chèng l¹i

Carry on Care for Ch¨m sãc, quan t©m

Keep on Put off Tr× ho·nInsist on Kh¨ng kh¨ng Feel like ThÝch, yªu thÝchApprove of ñng hé, t¸n Give up Tõ bá

thµnhDream of M¬ íc Object to Ph¶n ®èiTalk of Nãi chuyÖn Look forward

toMong chê, tr«ng ®îi

Think of Suy nghÜ Succeed in Thµnh c«ngI’m looking forward to meeting her.Have you succeeded in finding a better job?

Verb + object + preposition + _ingBlame __ for

§æ lçi Prevent __ from G©y c¶n trë

Fine __ for Xö ph¹t Stop __ from Ng¨n chÆnThank __ for

C¸m ¬n Congratulate __ on

Chóc mõng

Forgive __ for

Tha thø Apologise to __ for

Xin lçi

Accuse __ of

Buéc téi Warn __ against C¶nh b¸o

Suspect __ of

Nghi ngê

I forgot to thank them for helping me.Nobody suspected the boy of being the thief.

5. Sau mét sè ®éng tõ.

Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

Admit Thõa nhËn Finish Hoµn thµnh Miss Bá lìAvoid L¶ng tr¸nh Hate GhÐt bá Postpo

neTr× ho·n

Consider

Coi nh Imagine

Tëng tîng Practise

Thùc hµnh

Delay Tr× ho·n Involve

Liªn quan Prefer a thÝch h¬n

Deny Phñ nhËn Keep LÆp ®i lÆp l¹i

Risk LiÒulÜnh, m¹o hiÓm

Dislike Kh«ng thÝch

Like Yªu thÝch Stop ChÊm døt

Enjoy Yªu thÝch Love Yªu mÕn Suggest

Gîi ý, ®Ò nghÞ

Fancy Mª mÈn Mind Ng¹i, phiÒnI’ll do the shopping when I’ve finished cleaning the floor.When I’m on holiday, I enjoy not having to get up early.

6. Sau mét sè cÊu tróc.

Can’t stand Kh«ng thÓ chÞu ®ùng næi

It’s no goodKh«ng Ých g×

Can’t bear It’s no use

Can’t help Kh«ng thÓ kh«ng There’s no point in

Have difficulty in

GÆp khã kh¨n It’s ( not) worthKh«ng ®¸ng g×

I’m sure you’ll have no difficulty ( in) passing the examI live only a short walk from here, so it’s not worth taking a taxi.

L u ý: Verb + _ing vs. Verb + object + to infinitive

She doesn’t allow smoking in her room. vs. She doesn’t allow us to smoke in her room.

They suggest visiting the museum. vs. They suggest me to visit the museum. Verb + _ ing or Verb + _to infinitive

Kh«ng cã sù hh¸c biÖt vÒ nghÜa: begin, start, intend, continue, bother

John intends to move to another flat. vs. John intends moving to another flat.He began to work here last year. vs. He began working here last year.

* Kh«ng sö dông V _ing sau mét V _ing.It’s starting to rain. ( not It’s starting raining.)

Advise Khuyªn nhñ Allow Cho phÐpSuggest Gîi ý, ®Ò nghÞ Permit

Recommend §Ò nghÞ, c¨ndÆn Forbid Ng¨n cÊm

Encourage KhuyÕn khÝch

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

Cã sù kh¸c biÖt vÒ nghÜa.To - infinitive V_ing

Remember

Nhí sÏ ph¶i lµm viÖc g×Please remember to call me as soon as you get there.

Nhí lµ ®· lµm viÖc g×I remembered locking the door before going out.

Forget

Quªn mét viÖc ph¶i lµm ( cha lµm viÖc ®ã)Oh, I forgot to turn off the gas stove.

Quªn mét viÖc ®· lµmHe will never forget meeting Uncle Ho.

Regret

LÊy lµm tiÕc ( sÏ ph¶i lµm viÖc g×)I regret to say that the result is not very good.

Hèi tiÕc ®· lµm viÖc g×He regrets saying such words. He shouldn’t have said it.

Go on

Lµm mét viÖc kh¸cHe became an assistant manager two years ago. A few months later he went on to be the manager of the company.

TiÕp tôc viÖc ®ang lµmI can’t go on working here anymore. I want a different job.

TryCè g¾ng lµm viÖc g×He tried to learn well for the final exam.

Thö lµm viÖc g×Try pressing the green button. It may be help.

Stop

Ngõng viÖc ®ang lµm ®Ó lµm viÖc kh¸cHe stopped to have a rest because he felt tired

ChÊm døt viÖc ®ang lµmHe stopped smoking last year

Need CÇn lµm viÖc g× ( chñ ®éng)She needs to work harder.

CÇn ®îc lµm viÖc g× ( bÞ ®éng)Her shirt is dirty. It needs cleaning.

Like Yªu thÝch lµm viÖc g×I like cooking. It’s my hobby.

Lµm viÖc g× ®óng ®¾n, cÇn thiÕtI like to repaint the house. I think it’s a good thing to do.

Passive gerund and infinitive(BÞ ®éng cña danh ®éng tõ vµ ®éng tõ nguyªn thÓ cã ‘to’)

D¹ng bÞ ®éng cña danh ®éng tõ vµ ®éng tõ nguyªn thÓ cã TO ®îc dïng nh»m nhÊn m¹nh hµnh ®éng, sù kiÖn diÔn ra h¬n lµ ngêi thùc hiÖn hµnh ®éng

Active PassiveGerund V_ing Being + past participle

I don’t like my sister waking me up early.Do you mind people calling late at night?

I don’t like being waken up early by my sister.Do you mind being called late at night?

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

To _ infinitive

To_ infinitive To be + past participle

I expect them to invite me to the party.They wanted people to highly appreciate their preparation.

I expect to be invited to the party.They wanted their preparation to be highly appreciated.

VERB FORMI. Choose the best answer to complete each of the follwing sentences1. The boss asked all his workers ............... on time A. come B. came C. coming D. to come2. Let your name ............... in the sheet of paper. A. to be written B. be written C. write D. being written3. My father had a worker ............... a fence round our garden A. make B. making C. to make D. made4. I think she is accustomet to ................ English at a private school A. taught B. teach C. teaching D. be taught5. I’d like to stay at home instead of ............. to the cinema. A. go B. going C. went D. to go6. I would rather ............... unemployed than ............. in that factory. A. to be/ to work B. be /work C. being / work D. being / working7. My shoes need .............. A. to mend B. to be mended C. mending D. both b and c 8. My father’s advice made me ................ teaching as my career A. to choose B. choosing C. choose D. chosen 9. I can’t bear ............ such tight shoes. A. wear B. wearing C. to wear D. worn10. It was difficult ............ a date which was convenient for everyone A. making B. to make C. make D. made11. This book was written by a well-known writer. It is worth ................ A. read B. to read C. reading D have read12. Will you stop ............... while I’m talking ? A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. are singing13. My teachers always expected me .............. well in exams. A. do B. doing C. does D. to do14. We can prevent flood by ............... forests. A. preserve B. preserved C. preservation D. preserving15. I hope you don’t mind me ................ so late at night. A. to telephone B. telephone C. telephoning D. telephoned16. We haven’t got anything ............ you . A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told17. I remember ............. you before, but I have forgotten your name. A. meet B. met C. to meet D. meeting 18. Tom admitted .................. the rock through the window. A. throw B. throwing C. being throw D. to be throw

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

19. He’s always try ................ me A. to avoid to meet B. avoiding meeting C. to avoid meeting D. avoiding to meet20. The driver stopped .............. a coffee because he felt sleepy A. have B. had C. to have D. having21. Most children enjoy ........with their parents and siblings.

a. play b. to play c. playing d. played22.. ..........the eldest child, he works hard to help his parents support the family.

a.be b. Is c. to be d. being23. I love........films but I seldom find time to go the cinema.

a. see b. saw c. seen d. seeing24. We are not allowed.........jeans at school.

a. wear b. to wear c. wearing d.worn25. Sometimes I do not feel like.........to my sibling about my troubles.

a. talk b. to talk c. talking d. talked26. My brother likes ___________ funny stories.

A. read B. reads C. reading D. have read27. He was so interested in the football match that he forgot ___________ her.

A. phone B. to phone C. phoning D. phoned28. My brother is fond of ___________ stamps.

A. collect B. to collect C. collected D. collecting29. I’m delighted ____________ that you can come on Saturday.

A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. being heard30. She was made _____________ all house work by herself.

A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished31. He prefers ______________ presents on his birthday.

A. to give B. giving C. to be given D. being given32. I suggest ____________ the hospital before ___________ the police to look for him.

A. call – ask B. to call – to ask C. calling – asking D. to call – asking33. She expected _____________ by her boyfriend at the station but he wasn’t there.

A. to meet B. meeting C. to be met D. being met34. I knew I wasn’t the first _____________ her that she failed the exam again.

A. to inform B. informing C. inform D. informed35. She _________ in Oxford. Then she moved to London.

A. gets used to living B. used to living C. used to live D. is used to living36. He kept _____________ for an explanation and she didn’t know how __________ him.

A. asking – to answer B. asking – answeringC. to ask – to answer D. to ask – answering

37. He will always remember _______________ the gold medal for his victory.A. awarded B. being awarded C. to be awarded D. to award

38. Would you like me ____________ down the radio a bit?A. turn B. to turn C. turning D. to be turned

39. My brother wouldn’t ___________ his new camcorder.A. let me use B. let me to use C. let I use D. let I to use

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

40. I will never forget _____________ her for the first time.A. see B. saw C. to see D. seeing

41. Sally’s low test scores kept her from _____________ to the university.A. admitting B. to admit C. to be admitted D. being admitted

42. She went out without ____________ by others.A. see B. to see C. seeing D. being seen

43. No, that’s not what I meant ___________. How can I make you _______________?A. to say – understand C. to say – understandingB. saying – to understand D. saying – understanding

44. Will your sister let you _______ her new camcorder?A. use B. to use C. using D. to using

45. Mrs. Jones, I regret _____ you that your credit limit has been exceeded. A. inform B. to inform C. informing D. to informing

46. I wanted to stop _____ some presents, but we didn't have enough time. A. to B. to buy C. buying D. to buying

47. She didn’t want anyone _______ him about her wedding. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. to telling

48. He advised ______ the decision on my ownA. make B. me to make C. me making D. to making

48. Did you remember _____ the letter? A. post B. to post C. posting D. to posting

50. They used ___________ to the cinema a lot when they were at university.A. going B. to go C. to going D. go

WORD FORM. TỪ LOẠIPHÁÖN A : LYÏ THUYÃÚTI. NOUN: (danh tæì) thæång åí caïc vë tri sau:1. Laìm chuí ngæî, âæïng træåïc âäüng tæìEx: Math is the subject I like best.2.Âæïng sau tênh tæì, tênh tæì såí hæîuEx: She is a good teacher. My pen is blue.3.Âæïng sau “enough” Ex: We didn’t have enough time to do the test.4. Âæïng sau caïc maûo tæì “a/ an/ the” , caïc tæì chè âënh “this, that, these, those”, “ each, every, both, no..”, tæ chè säú læåüng “ many , a lot of, some, a feæ, a little, any,.. ... Ex: The scientists have become important people in our society. Some difficult problems have been solved by this man . Many boys like playing football.5. Âæïng sau giåïi tæì : in, on, of, with,...Ex: The robbery is under investigation. He has a good knowledge of science.II. ADJECTIVES ( Tênh tæì) Thæåìng åí caïc vë trê sau:1. âæïng træåïc danh tæì ( Adj + Noun)Ex: Modern society needs engineer.2. âæïng sau caï âäüng tæì : be, seem, become, keep, look, taste, feel,appear, get,...Ex: She is beautiful. Tom seeems tired now3. Trong 1 säú cáúu truïc sau:

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

a. S + make/ keep + Adj : laìm cho ai âoï tråí nãn....b. S + be + adj + enough + To - inf : âuí âãø ...c. S + be + too + adj + to -inf : Quaï .... khäng thãø d. S + be + so + adj + that clause : quaï dãún näùi e. How + adj + S + V ! ( loaûi cáu caím thaïn )III. ADVERBS ( Phoï tæì) Thæåìng âæïng sau âäüng tæì thæåìngIV. VERBS ( âäüng tæì) thæåìng âæng sau chuí ngæî1.He has been very interested in doing research on............since he was at high school.

a. biology b.biological c. biologist d. biologically2. Are you sure that boys are more...............than girls?

a. act b. active c. action d. activity3. You are old enough to take .....for what you have done.

a. responsible b.responsibility c.responsibly d.irresponsible4. These quick and easy........can be effective in the short term, but they have a cost.

a. solve b. solvable c. solutions d. solvability5. He was looking at his parents................, waiting for recommendations.

a. obey b. obedient c. obediently d. obeyed6. The interviews with parents showed that the vast majority were ............. of teacher.

a. support b. supportive c. supporter d. supporting7. London is home to people many ................. cultures.

a. diverse b. diversity c. diversify d. diversification.8. John cannot make a .............. to get married to Mary or stay single until he can affort a house and a car.

a. decide b. decision c. decisive d. decisively9. My mother used to be a woman of great ............., but now she get old and looks pale.

a. beauty b. beautiful c.beautifully d. beautify10. Although they are twins, they have almost the same appearance but they are seldom in....................

a. agree b. agreeable c. agreement d.agreeably11. The more .............. and positive you look, the better you will feel.

a. confide b. confident c. confidently d. confidence12. My parents will have celebrated 30 years of ............. by next week.

a. marry b. married c. marriable d. marriage13. Many Vietnamese people ............... their life for the revolutionary cause of the nation.

a. sacrifice b. sacrified c. sacrificial d. sacrificially14. Most of us would maintain that physical .................. does not play a major part in how we react to the people we meet.

a. attract b. attrctive c. attractiveness d. attractively15. They had a ............. candlet dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage.

a. romance b. romantic c. romantically d. romanticize 16.They started as ............. gathering but they have become increasingly formalized in the last few years

a. informal b. informally c. informalize d. informality

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

17. Children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and ...............

a. communicate b. communication c. communicative d. communicator 18. The lecturer explained the problem very clearly and is always ............. in response to questions.

a. attention b. attentive c. attentively d. attentiveness19. If a boss wants to have a well-qualified staff, he should have to pay his employees .........

a. appropriate b. appropriately c. appropriation d. appropriating20. Mrs Pike was so angry that she made a ............ gesture at the driver.

a. rude b. rudeness c. rudely d. rudest 21. He is not really friendly and make no attempt to be ...................

a. society b. social c. socialize d. sociable22. She sent me a ........ a letter thanking me for my invitation.

a. polite b. politeness c. politely d. impoliteness23.Mr Tim ‘s behavior and comments on occasions were inappropriate and fell below the .......... standards.

a. accept b. acceptable c. acceptance d. accepting24. It is af a great ........... to show your interest and politeness when you are having a job interview.

a. important b. importantly c. importance d. unimportant25. Facial ................... show one’s feelings when he is communicating.

A. expressions b. expressive c. expresses d. expressively26. He was so .......... that he could not even say a word.

a. nerve b. nerves c. nervous d. nervously27. I am really ................ in the way he talks, but the way he behaves.

a. interest b. interested c. interesting d. interestingly28. As an ..........., Mr Pike is very worried about increasing of juvenile delinquency.

a. educate b. education c. educator d. educative29. In England, primary education is provided by state schools run by the government nad by ......... fee-paying schools.

a. independent b. independently c. independed d. independence

30. The United Nations Secreatary General has often spoken of the need for individual ............... and human rights in his speeches.

a. free b. freedom c. freely d. freeing31. He owned his success not to privilege but to self-education and a driving desire for .......

a. achieve b. achiever c. achievement d. achievable32. To Vietnamese students, the ............... examination to university is very difficult.

A. require b, requirement c. requiring d. required33. Desoite many recent.......... advances, there are parts where schools are not equipped with computers.

a. technology b. technological c. technologically d. technologist

34. There is a wide range of .................. in the education system in the USA.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

a. select b. selective c. selected d. selection

35. He graduated with doctorates of ............ and surgery from Florence, gaining the highest honors that year.

a. medicine b. medical c. medicate d. medication36. The making of good habits ............ a determination to keep on training your child.

a. require b. requires c. requirement d. required37. He was the only ................ that was offered the job.

a. apply b. application c. applicant d. applying38. Parents can express a ................ for the school their child attends.

a. prefer b. preference C. preferential d. preferable39. Many people have objected to the use animals in ............. experiments.

a. science b. scientist c. scientific d. scientifically

40. I would like to invite you to participate in the ............. ceremony. a. graduate b. graduated c. graduation d. graduating41. ............. speaking, I do not really like my present job.

a. Honest b. Honesty c. Honestly d. Dishonest42. A letter of ............ is sometimes really necessary for you in a job interview. a. recommend b. recommended c. recommender d. recommendation43. Doctors have to assume ....... for human life.

a. responsible b. responsibility c. responsibly d. responsibles44. ................ is increasing, which result from economic crsis. a. Employment b. Unemployment c. Employ d. Unemployed45. He was offered the job thanks to his .................performnace during his job interview a. impress b. impression c. impressive d. impressively46.The interview gave his consent to John’s ............ for work and promised to give him a job. a. keen b. keenly c. keeness d. keener47. .....................! I have heard of your success in the new project. a. Congratulate b. Congratulating C. Congratulation d. Congratulations48. It is .............. to fail a job interview, but try again. a. disappoint b. disappoiting c. disappointedly d. disappointment49. The new policies include cutting ............. subsides and trade barriers. a. argriculture b. argricultural c. agriculturalist d. argriculturally50. The control of ............... has been carried out through measure rooted in monetarism. a. inflate b. inflationist c. inflation d. inflator51. It is often a good idea to start with small, easily ................ goals. a. achieve b. achievement c. achievable d. achiever

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

52. For more than ten years, we have the significant .............. in the ceremony of our country. a. develop b. developments c. developers d. developed53. Henry was a studious student. He needed no ............... to work hard. a. encourage b. encouraging c. encouragement d. encouraged54. During the time of econonic reforms, the economy has grown ............. with only a few major setbacks. a. constant b. constantly c. constant d. constancy55. The ............. challenge of economic reform was to solve thje problems of motivating workers and farmers to produce a larger surplus. a. initial b. initiate c. initiative d. initiation56. Since 1990, India has had high growth rates, and has emerged as one of the wealthiest ............. in the developing world. a. economics b. economies c. economists d. economically57. Those specialists are trying to find ways of making more ................ use agricultural land. a. produce b. production c. productive d. productivity58. Many teenagers show signs of anxiety and ...............en being asked about their future. a. depress b. depression c. depressing d. depressed59. No one can predict the future exactly. Things may happen ............. a. expected b. unexpected c. unexpectedly d. expectedly60. In the future, the number of tiny but .......... computers you encounter every day will number in the thousands, perhaps million. a. power b. powerful c. powerfully d. powered61. There is a wide ................ of computers in that shop for you to choose. a. vary b. various c. variety d. variously62. Thjere are several places where residents face the threat of ............... every day. a. terrorist b. terrorism c. terrorize d. terror63. Many people think that in some more years we will see the complete ................. of newspapers and magazines due to the Internet. a. disappear b. disappearance c. appear d. appearing64. I sometimes read ............ fictions in my spare time. a. science b. scientific c. scientist d. scientifically65. Those books are necessary for your thesis. They are really .................... a. inform b. information c. informer d. informative66. After a nature disaster, there is always an ......... need for food and water. a. urgent b. urge c. urgently d. urgency67. ............. is the process by which a piece of land become dry, empty, and unsuitable for growing trees or crops in. a. desert b. deserted c. desertify d. desertification68. Several ............ advanced countries have had plans to make desert more hospitable. a. science b. scientific c. scientifically d. scientist

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

68. .............. is a branch of Natural Science, and is the study of living organisms and how they interact with their environment. a. Biology b. Biological c. Biologist d. Biologically69. A/An ............. species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct. a. dangerous b. endanger c. endangered d. endangerment70. Only a few of the many species at risk of extinction actually make it to the lists and obtain legal ............ a. protect b. protection c. protective d. protector71. Almost half of turtles and tottoises are known to be threatened with .............. a. extinct b. extinction c. extinctive d. extinctly72. Current extinction rates are at least 100 to 1,000 times higher than ................ rates found in the fossil record. a. nature b. natural c. naturally d. naturalness73. It is reported that human are the main reason for most species’ declines and habitat ............ and degradation are the leading threats. a. destroy b. destruction c. destructive d. destructor74. Chemical wastes from factories are ......... that cause serious damage to species habitats. a. pollutes b. pollutants c. pollutions d. polluters75. This book is noy really ................. It is a waste of money buying it. a.inform b. informative c. information d. informatively76. Sometimes it is .......... to find suitable books for our children. a. difficult b. difficulty c. difficultly d. difficulties77. They are going to .......... the pool to 1.8 meter. A. deep b. depth c. deepen d. deeply78. The referee had no hesistation in awarding the visiting team a.................... a. penalty b. penalize c. penal d. penalization79. The final .......... was 3-0. a. score b. scoring c. scorer d. scores80. The referee’ s ................ is the most important in any sport competition. a. decide b. decisive c. decision d. decider81. ............... players are not allowed to interfere with thopponent’s movements unless the player is holding the ball. a. Defense b. Defensive c. Defender d. Defensively82. A child receive his early ................. from their parents. a. eduacate b. education c. educator d. educative83. Birth control method have ......... women from endless cycle of child - bearing and rearing. a. free b. freely c. freedom d. freed84. Thanks to women’s liberation women can take part in ............... activities. a. society b. social c. socially d. socialize85. To preserve that ...................., it was necessary to preserve people that had created it. a. civil b. civilize c. civility d. civilization

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

86. The Prime Minister is to consider to changes to sexually ............. laws to enforce equal opportunities. a. discriminate b. discrimination c. discriminatory d. discriminated87. In former days, women were considered not to be suitable for becoming a .................. a. politics b. political c. politically d. politician88. Western women are more .................. than Asean women. a. depent b. dependent c. independent d. independently89. In some communities a husband’s ................... over his wife is absolute. a. power b. powerful c. powerfully d. powered90. I think that up to now there has been a real ................ between men and women. a. equal b. equally c. equality d. equalize91. ASEAN also works for the .................. of peace and stability in the region. a. promote b. promotion c. promotional d. promoter92. The Association of Southeast Asian Nation, commonly referred to as ASEAN, is a geo - political nad organization. a. economy b. economic c. economics d. economical93. The motivations for the birth of ASEAN were the desire for a ................. environment. a. stable b. stability c. stably d. stabilize94. The International Committee of the Red Cross is a private ................... institution founded in 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland. a. human b. humanity c.humanization d. humanitarian 95. In former day, after the battles soldiers on both sides died or were left wounded on the field without any ............ attendance and basic care. a. medicine b. medical c. medication d. medically96. The International Red Cross helps people ion need without any discrimination based on ..................., race, religion, class and political opinions. a. native b. national c.nationally d. nationality97. Johnny used to be one of the most ................. athletes in my country. a. succeed b. success b. successful d. successfully98. The 22nd SEA Games consisted of athletes from eleven .............. countries. a. particiapant b. participate c. perticipation d. participating99. ...................., the athletes broke the world’s record with two attempts. a. Surprise b. Surprised c. Surprising d. Surprisingly100. The second part of the program in the 22nd SEA Games opening ceremony was named “............ for Peace”. a. Cooperate b. Cooperation c. Cooperative d. Cooperatively

PHRASAL VERBS: CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ

Trong tiếng Anh người ta dùng phổ biến cụm động từ (phrasal verbs). Các cụm động từ này không có nghĩa do các từ gộp lại mà nghĩa của chúng ta phải học thuộc.

Dưới đây là một vài phrasal verbs các em cần học thuộc lòng.

1. to fill in : điền vào (đơn)

I am trying to fill in a form.

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

2. to give up : bỏ, từ bỏ

My father gave up smoking two years ago.

3. to take off : (máy bay) cất cánh

The plan had taken off when they got to the airport.

4. to wash up : rửa dọn

Jack, you didn’t wash up the pans last night!

5. to go on : tiếp tục

He went on persuading his father to buy him a car.

6. to look up : tra cứu (trong từ điển)

You can look it up in the dictionary.

7. to put on : mặc (áo quần)

He is putting on a coat.

8. to turn on : bật (nhạc, truyền hình, đèn…)

Can you turn on the music? I want to relax.

9. to turn off : tắt (nhạc, truyền hình, đèn …)

Can you turn off the music? I need to work.

10. to turn up : xuất hiện, đến = to arrive

How many people turned up at the party?

11. to look after : chăm sóc

She is looking after sick patients.

12. to take after : giống

Who do you take after, your mom or your dad?

13. to get over : phục hồi (bệnh)= to recover from

She finally got over her sickness.

14. to go off : nổ (bom đạn)= to explode

Bombs were going off all around in the city.

15. to try out : thử

Why don’t you try ot out?

16. to hold up : hoãn lại = to delay

We had tohold up the meeting because of the storm.

17. to explain sth to sb :giải thích cho ai cái gì

18. to invite sb to : mời ai đến đâu

19. to laugh at sb : cười chế nhạo ai

20. to listen to : lắng nghe ai

21. to point at : chỉ vào

22. to glance at : liếc nhìn ai

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Ngữ pháp chuyên đề

23. to speak to : nói với ai

24. to throw sth at sb : ném cái gì vào ai

25. to stare at sb : nhìn chằm chằm vào ai

26. to write to sb : viết cho ai

27. to wait for : đợi ai

28.to apply to : áp dụng vào

29. to ask sb for sth : hỏi xin ai cái gì

30. to search for sb : tìm ai

31. to have an discussion about sth : thảo luận về cái gì

32. to leave for : đi đâu

BÀI TẬP

1. Do you want to stop in this town, or shall we _______?A. turn on B. turn off C. go on D. look after

2. Who will ________ the children while you go out to work?A. look for B. look up C. look after D. look at

3. Please ________ the light, it’s getting dark here.A. turn on B. turn off C. turn over (chuyển giao) D. turn into

4. The nurse has to _________ at the midnight. {take (sth) over: take control of or responsibility for}

A. take care B. take on (đảm nhiệm) C. take over C. take off5. There is an inflation. The prices __________.

A. are going on B. are going down C. are going over D. are going up6. Remember to _______ your shoes when you are in a Japanese house.

A. take care B. take on C. take over C. take off7. You can __________ the new words in the dictionary.

A. look for B. look after C. look up D. look at8. It’s cold outside. __________ your coat.

A. Put on B. Put down C. Put off D. Put into9. Frank never turns up on time for a meeting.

A. calls B. arrives C. reports D. prepares10. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.{p ut off: postpone: delay}

A. do B. let C. delay D. leave11. My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother.

A. looked after B. taken after C. gone off D. got over12. The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town.

A. went on B. went out C. went off D. went away13. John, could you look after my handbag while I go out for a minute.

A. take part in B. take over C. take place D. take care of14. Bill seems unhappy in his job because he doesn’t get _______ his boss.

A. up to B. on for C. on well with D. in with15. Why do they ______ talking about money all the time?

A. keep on B. give up C. take after D. stop by16. My father gave up smoking two years ago.

A. liked B. continued C. stopped D. enjoyed

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17. The government hopes to _________ its plans for introducing cable TV.A. turn out (thải ra) B. carry out C. carry on D. keep on

18. When the tenants failed to pay their bill, the authorities decided to _____ the gas supply to the flat.

A. cut down B. cut out (cắt ra bớt) C. cut off D. cut up (tiêu diệt)19. Look out! There’s a car coming! A. The car is behind you, so you should run. B. Don’t go away because the car is coming. C. Hurry up or you will be late for the car. D. You should be careful because the car is coming.20. I was born in Scotland but I ________ in Northern Ireland.

A. grew up B. raised C. brought up D. rose21. How do you start the computer?

A. How does the computer turn on? B. How do you turn on the computer?C. How do you turn the computer on? D. Both B and C are correct

22. I/ not accept/ offer/ turn down/ A. I couldn’t accept his offer to avoid turning down him.B. I couldn’t accept his offer because he was turned down.C. I couldn’t accept his offer, so I turned it down.D. I couldn’t accept his offer whether I was turned down.

23. Both Ann and her sister look like her mother.A. take after B. take place C. take away D. take on

24. I’ll be back in a minute, Jane. I just want to try out my new tape recorder.A. resemble B. test C. arrive D. buy

25. She got angry when they started to………. her private life.A. ask for B. enquire after C. ask about D. enquire with

26. She ran in a marathon last week but………. after ten kilometers. {withdraw}A. dropped out B. closed down C. broke up D. made up

27. Gertrude takes……….her mother; she has blue eyes and fair hair too. A. in B. up C. after D. down

28. It took him a long time to ………. the death of his wife. A. take away B. get over C. take off D. get through

29. There were so many kinds of cameras………., and I didn't know which to buy. A. to choose B. choosing from C. chosen D. to choose from

30. Billy hasn't been working; he won't………. his examinations. A. get off B. get through C. keep up D. keep off

31. They arrived………. the airport………. good time for the plane. A. in - on B. to - in C. at - in D. to - for

32. Did Mr. Tan………. the class while Miss Fiona was ill in hospital? A. take away B. take over C. take up D. take off

33. Paula applied for the post but she was……….. A. turned down B. checked out C. kept under D. pushed ahead

34. If orders keep coming in like this, I'll have to………. more staff. A. give up B. add in C. gain on D. take on

35. Why do they………. talking about money all the time? A. keep on B. side with C. take after D. work off

36. In addition to Mr. Thomas and Miss White, the principal….... attend the school party.

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A. is likely B. is going to C. are likely D. are going to37. We were too tired to wash ________ after the meal.

A. over B. out C. up D. on38. I don't know whether I'll go out tonight. It depends ________ how I feel.

A. in B. at C. on D. over39. The police made an appeal ________ the public to remain calm.

A. by B. to C. at D. for40. These policies ________ in many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship.

A. recalled B. succeeded C. resulted D. resigned41. Part of the path had been ________ by the sea.` `

A. washed over B. washed away C. washed down D. made in42. The diesel engine was named ________ its inventor Rudolf Diesel. A. along B. to C. after D. with43. The committee ____________ of different people of different views. A. composes B. comprises C. consists D. contains44. She ________ to the cinema last night.

a. went over b. went on c. went out d. went off45. I've been trying to ________ him all day.a. fall in love with b. take track of c. take advantage of d. get in touch with46. An ever-growing proportion of this ________ consists of unburned hydrocarbon gases from the exhausts of automobiles.

a. pollute b. polluted c. pollution d. pollutant47. His wife died in ________ when he was only 24 years old.

a. children b. childhood c. childbed d. childbirth48. ________ policeman directing the traffic.

a. Take care of b. Take track of c. Keep an eye on d. Pay attention to49. The bomb ________ when he rang the bell.

a. went over b. went on c. went out d. went off50. No one really believed it when the news came through that the "Titanic" had ________ on her maiden voyage.

a. gone over b. gone on c. gone down d. gone off51. Does this jacket ________ my trousers?

a. go with b. go through with c. go ahead d. go off52. He ________ about his new car all the time.

a. goes over b. goes on c. goes out d. goes off53. Do you think you could ________ this work with me some time, Peter?

a. go over b. go on c. go out d. go off54. We have permission to ________ with the plan.

a. go ahead b. go over c. go on d. go off55. I know you find the course boring, Pauline, but since you've started it, you might as well ________ it.

a. go with b. go through with c. go ahead d. go off

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