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第三十八期 Issue No. 38 4/2018

辦公室的職業安全與健康Occupation Safety and Health at Office

工友於辦公室內工作其實都面對不同受傷風險，不安全辦公室工作環境及設備會引

致受傷意外發生。當中包括不安全座椅、通道上的雜物、垃圾、電線或電話線、磨

損的地毯、開著的抽屜和濕滑的地板等；此外，門、儲物架、高櫃以及辦公室的電

器均是可以發生危害的源頭。以下舉出在辦公室工作時，需要注意的事項。

Workers working at office are exposed to different risks of injury. Unsafe officeworkplace environment and equipment could induce the happening of injury, such as unsafe chairs, unattended obstacles on the walkways, refuse, trailing, electrical cables, telephone cables, worn carpets, opened drawers and slippery floors, etc. In addition, doors, lockers, high cabinets and electrical appliances in the office can also easily lead to accidents. The following precautions should be taken when working in the office.

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如何進行風險評估 How can risk assessment take in place

風險評估是深入探討工作程序，找出可能造成人身傷害的因素，衡量你是否已採取足夠的預防措

施，或應否加強預防措施，避免工友受傷或生病。根據勞工處出版的《風險評估五部曲》，風險評估

需找出危害、估計誰人會受損及如何受損、評估危害所引致的風險，檢討現有的預防

措施是否足夠或是否需要加強、記錄你的評估結果及不時覆核你的評估，必要

時予以修訂。

Risk assessment is an in-depth evaluation regarding on working procedures. It aims to identify the hazards that cause harm to us and thereby to measure whether appropriate precautionary measures has been taken, or any preventive measures should be stepped up to avoid workers from being injured or sick. According to the “Five steps to Risk Assessment” published by the Labour Department, the aims of risk assessment involve looking for the hazards; estimating who might be harmed and how to get harmed; evaluating the risks arising from the hazards and deciding whether existing precautions are adequate or more should be done; recording your evaluated findings and lastly reviewing your assessment from time to time and review and revise the assessment to reflect the new hazards if necessary.

首先，必須全面性地巡視工作場所，重新檢討可能引致危害的地方及工序。例如，辦公室的物料是

否存放在指定地方、地板上有沒有積水等。接著，分析可能受到影響的人，包括自己、工友和非長

時間在你的工作場所逗留的人，例如清潔工友、訪客、維修人員等，有責任考慮到他們在安全和健

康上所承受的風險。即使已有預防措施，但在某些工序仍可能有剩餘風險的存在，對於每一類的危

害，可以評估風險是屬於高、中或低那一級別。不須說明如何做這些評估，但必須能夠顯示出工作

場所及所受影響的人都已全面評估、包括明顯的嚴重危害已找出，受影響的人數已考慮、訂立合理

適當的預防措施，而且檢查餘下的危害風險程度是否處於可接受水平。最後，當你引進新機器、物

料和工序時，新的危害亦可能隨之而來。如果這類轉變可能會增加受傷風險，你便應該對這些新安

排對工作場所影響再次進行檢討及評估。

Firstly, a comprehensive inspection must be done to review possible hazards in workplaces or procedures. For example, whether substances are being stored in designated place of the office, or is there any stagnant water present on the floors, etc. The next step is to undertake an analysis among anyone that may be affected by your activities, including yourself, workers and even people who may not be in the workplace all the time, such as cleaners, visitors, maintenance workers, and so on. It was responsible to take into account of the risk of occupational health and safety. Even after all precautions have been taken, usually some risks remain. What you may decide for each significant hazard is whether or not this risk is high, medium or low. There is no need to show how you did your assessment, provided you can show that: a proper check of the workplace was made; you asked who might be affected; you dealt with all the obvious significant hazards, taking into account the number of people who could be involved; the precautions are appropriate and reasonable; and the remaining risk is low. Lastly, it could lead to new hazards when you bring in new machines, substances and procedures. In case of any significant change, you should review and revise the assessment to reflect the new hazards.

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辦公室照明 Lighting in office

適當的照明是保持工作場所之安全與

健康的基本因素之一。適當的照明取

決於許多因素，包括照明強度、對比

度、光線的分佈，以及燈光的穩定

性。一般辦公室的桌面照明度應介乎

300-500 勒克斯之間，並在任何的情

形，不應少於200勒克斯。視線目標

與四周環境的光暗對比適當亦是達致

良好照明的要點。 目標與周圍的光暗

對比應低於10:1。而目標與直接背景

的光暗對比最高為10:3。視乎工作的

性質和員工的視覺所需，提供合適的

一般照明和輔助照明系統。

這是一些改善的方法。

Proper lighting is important to ensure occupational safety and health. There are many factors of proper lighting, which include its luminous intensity, contrast, light distribution as well as the light stability. The illumination of lighting should be ranging between 300 to 500 lux for normal desktop lighting. It should not be less than 200 lux under any condition. Optimum contrast between illumination of our workstation and its surroundings is also a major point for optimum lighting condition. The lighting contrast between the workplace and the surroundings should be no more than a ratio of 10:1. The light contrast between the task at the workstation and its immediate background should not exceeded a ratio of 10:3. Suitable general lighting or task lighting should be provided in according to the nature work and the visual demand.

Here are some suggestions.

避免把屏幕放置在照明裝置之

下，以免產生眩光；

Displayed screens should not be put under lighting devices to avoid glare.

若需要有較高的局部照明時，應提供檯燈。

Desk lamp should be provided when in the need of higher localised lighting.

辦公室通風 Office ventilation

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現代的辦公室一般都是位於密封式的建築物內，依靠中央空氣調節系統

以控制室內的空氣質素。如果空調系統設計及操作不當或缺乏適當的保

養，室內產生及室外引入的污染物可以在室內積聚，產生健康問題。良

好通風可以提供清新和潔淨的空氣，維持舒適的溫度，清除或稀釋空氣

中污染物。

Modern offices are usually located inside buildings where air quality is controlled by the central air-conditioning system. If the air conditioning system is designed and functions nappropriately or is lack of proper maintenance, pollutants generated from both indoor and outdoor could accumulate indoor and thus may cause health problems. Good ventilation could provide fresh and clean air, maintain thermally comfortable work environment, and remove or dilute airborne contaminants.

l n l .

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以下是上述三項的一些改善方法

Here are some suggestions:

：

在室內工作環境禁止吸煙；

Prohibition of tobacco smoking in indoor area;

定期指派專責人員清潔及保養通風系統，並作記錄。有助減

少塵埃積聚及微生物滋長。

Regularly appoint responsible person to clean and maintain the ventilation system and to keep records. This helps to reduce dust accumulation and fungal growth.

避免將外來空氣入口的位置安裝在已知的污染源、污水和冷凝塔附近；

Avoid placing the fresh air intake near any sources of contaminants, sewage and cooling tower;

移去阻塞室內回風口的障礙物，避免空調系統失衡。

Remove obstructions from the return plenum.

本期通訊《縱橫》將討論辦公室內常見的職業安全健康問題，及其預防和改善措

施，以協助僱主及僱員積極推廣職業安全健康，從而減低辦公室意外或職業病

的發生。

In this newsletter of “OSH Link”, we will discuss about the common occupationasafety and health issues as well as the precautions and enhancement measures iorder to assist employers and employees to promote proactively on occupationasafety and health thus to help minimize office accidents and occupational diseases

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敦豪國際速遞（香港）有限公司靈活應用5S良好工作場所整理計劃完善安全管理 提高快遞效率DHL Express (Hong Kong) Limited (DHL)adopts flexible application based on5S Good Housekeeping ProgramImproves delivery efficiency along withenhancement of safety management

敦豪國際速遞不單注重貨物輸送效率，保持工作

場所整潔及安全也是不容忽視的一環。經過實行

5S 工作場所整理場所準則，大大加快送遞效

率、保持倉庫整潔及提升員工工作安全。

DHL not only attaches great importance to the efficiency of cargo delivery, but also particularly in maintaining a tidy and safe environment in the workplace. Through the successful application of the 5S Good Housekeeping principles, the company not only significantly accelerated their delivery efficiency, but also achieved higher standards of work safety and tidiness in the workplace.

實施5S計劃，獲頒發「良好工作場所整理銀獎」

Awarded a s i l ve r award o f Good Housekeeping through implementation of the 5S Good Housekeeping Program

職安局為了表揚及嘉許敦豪國際速遞積極實施5S

良好工作場所整理的努力及成果，故向公司頒發

「良好工作場所整理銀獎」。綠十字會於2017年

11 月15 日舉行企業借鑑活動，安排會員到訪敦

豪國際速遞，參觀公司貨倉，近距離了解敦豪國

際速遞保持工作場所整齊清潔的實際措施，讓會

員吸取經驗，共同締造良好安全工作環境並孕育

良好安全文化。

To praise and recognize DHL’s effort in implementing the 5S Good Housekeeping program, OSHC presented Good Housekeeping Silver Award to the company. On 15 November 2017, the Green Cross Group conducted a site visit to DHL for our members to have a closer look and know more about its best practices of 5S, so as to work together to maintain a safe and healthy work environment and to cultivate a safety culture.

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每天需要處理大批量貨件，所以內部工作流程必須清晰劃分。

An detailed internal workflow is necessary for handling enormous batches of shipment.

敦豪國際速遞的管理人員表示，由於每天需要處

理大批量貨件，為了避免前線員工面對絡繹不絕

的貨件而無從入手，以及花費太多時閒尋找貨件

而耽誤送遞時間，所以內部工作流程必須清晰劃

分，各個環節互相配合及串連，貨物方能準時無

誤送至客戶手上。因此，為了有條不紊地分類接

踵而來的貨件，敦豪國際速遞實施5S 工作場所

整理原則，以「先入先出」的標準擺放，達至貨

如輪轉。

According to the management of DHL, there are enormous batches of shipment needed to be handled every day. To avoid frontline staff spending too much time on accessing those shipments and causing delay in delivery, the company needs to organize a clear internal workflow. Every procedure has to be interrelated and collaborated together to ensure shipments will be delivered to customers accurately. Therefore, DHL adheres to the 5S principles to classify incoming shipments in an organized way. By adopting the “first-in-first-out” rule, the shipments handling process keeps running and running fast.

敦豪國際速遞實施5S工作場所整理準則，為公司可消耗物品以「先入先出」的原則擺放

DHL adheres to the 5S good housekeeping principle in an organized way. By adopting the “first-in-first-out” rule for handling the consumable material.

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清晰細分工作區域 保障員工安全亦有助提高運作效率Subdivide work areas with clear instructions ensuring employee’s safety as well as enhancing operational efficiency.

敦豪國際速遞在接收每一件貨件後，均會貼上編

碼，只要輸入相應的編碼，電腦便會顯示貨件的

存放位置及相關資料。地面分別以不同顏色的

線，以清晰指示及劃分各類貨件的放置區域，保

留足夠空間，避免諸塞貨車、手推車及員工通

道。每個區域均以顏色、英文字母及數字標示各

個區域，簡單易明；牆上設有告示板，張貼準則

要求及安排，以圖片清晰指示，提醒員工在工作

前後，用具及貨件的放置方式及位置，避免貨件

堆疊過高而發生意外，減少員工出錯，並且加強

執行力及一致性，務求各個環節都能夠貫徹準

則。只要負責各個環節的員工按準則指示完成工

作，原本繁亂的工作也會隨之井然有序。

地面分別貼上不同顏色的膠紙，以清晰指示及劃分各類貨件的放置區域。

Colour tapes are affixed on the ground to demarcate storage area

敦豪國際速遞在接收每一件貨件後，均會貼上編碼。

Shipments are labeled with code clearly once received.

DHL will label every shipment with code once received to ensure its location and related information can be tracked through computer system. The company also affixes colour tapes on the ground to separate storage zones to avoid obstacles in walkways. Each zone is labeled in different colours, alphabets and numbers for easy identification. Details of requirements and arrangements of 5S principles are posted on the notice boards with photos demonstrating clear procedures as a reminder for staff in placing appliances and shipments properly and correctly before and after work. This is to prevent the occurrence of accidents due to stacking goods excessively high, as well as to build up a safe and healthy working environment.

為了保持倉庫內的工作環境清潔，敦豪國際速遞

並沒有配備一般垃圾桶，而是在各區擺放透明膠

袋的大型鐵架車，專門收集紙張、膠袋或膠紙等

的包裝廢物，收集員工在貨倉內飲食後所棄置的

垃圾，防止產生臭味及杜絕鼠患。

In order to maintain a clean working environment in the warehouse, DHL does not place general rubbish bin but a large steel trolley with transparent plastic bags in each work area. These trolleys are specially for collecting packaging waste such as paper, plastic bags or adhesive tapes and for disposing of food waste of employees.

敦豪國際速遞有專門收集紙張、膠袋或膠紙等包裝廢物的大型鐵架車，避免員工在貨倉內飲食後所棄置的垃圾。

DHL provides trolleys specially for collecting packaging waste such as paper, plastic bags or adhesive tapes which avoid any harm caused by the staff from producing food and drink disposal.

敦豪國際速遞認為實行5S良好工作場所整理準

則，大大提高效益及安全管理水平。透過不斷實

踐及提醒，久而久之，員工習慣這種安全有序的

工作模式，在面對不同的突發狀況時，也能夠自

發靈活應用，養成安全整齊的工作文化。

DHL believes 5S Good Housekeeping principles can greatly enhance the operational efficiency and safety management. Through continuous practices and reminder, staff will gradually become familiar with this safe and orderly manner of work pattern, which enabling them to apply with voluntarily, with a high degree of flexibility under different emergency circumstances and cultivate a good safety culture.

牆上設有告示板，張貼準則要求及安排，以圖片清晰指示，提醒員工在工作前後，放置用具及貨件的方式及位置。

5S standards are posted on the wall and bulletin board to prompt the proper handling of gear and shipments during and after work.

香港北角馬寶道28號華匯中心19樓  19/F, China United Centre, 28 Marble Road, North Point, Hong Kong

電話 Tel：(852) 2739 9377          傳真 Fax：(852) 2739 9779

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