coronary artery disease in diabetic patients, different from non-diabetics?
TRANSCRIPT
Coronary Artery Coronary Artery Disease in Diabetic Disease in Diabetic Patients, Different Patients, Different
from Non-from Non-diabetics? diabetics?
Coronary Artery Coronary Artery Disease in Diabetic Disease in Diabetic Patients, Different Patients, Different
from Non-from Non-diabetics? diabetics?
울산의대울산의대서울아산병원 흉부외과서울아산병원 흉부외과
이재원이재원
CABG is still better CABG is still better than PCI in DES erathan PCI in DES era
Efficacy of PTCA
Late Graft Patency
Risk of Surgery
DiabeticsDiabeticsDiabeticsDiabetics
Accelerated intimal hyperplasia & Atherogenesis in diabetics - Potential Mechanisms -
Accelerated intimal hyperplasia & Atherogenesis in diabetics - Potential Mechanisms -
Vessel wall
↑SMC proliferation
↑cholesterol synthesis ← Hyperinsulinemia?
↑growth factors
↑ Procoagulant state
Vessel wall
↑SMC proliferation
↑cholesterol synthesis ← Hyperinsulinemia?
↑growth factors
↑ Procoagulant state
Progression of Progression of atherosclerosisatherosclerosis
BARIBARISurvival – All PatientsSurvival – All Patients
BARIBARISurvival – All PatientsSurvival – All Patients
BARI BARI Survival – Patients without Treated Survival – Patients without Treated
DiabetesDiabetes
BARI BARI Survival – Patients without Treated Survival – Patients without Treated
DiabetesDiabetes
BARI BARI Survival – Patients with Treated DiabetesSurvival – Patients with Treated Diabetes
BARI BARI Survival – Patients with Treated DiabetesSurvival – Patients with Treated Diabetes
BARIBARIBARIBARI
Mortality Influence of DM and IMAMortality Influence of DM and IMA
21
18
34.6 5.4 4.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
DM Non-DM
PTCA SVG I MA
21
18
34.6 5.4 4.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
DM Non-DM
PTCA SVG I MA
Revascularization Revascularization StrategiesStrategies
Revascularization Revascularization StrategiesStrategies
How do we decide?How do we decide?
Risk Benefit RatioRisk Benefit Ratio
Patient Patient preferencpreferencee
Clinical Clinical presentatiopresentationn
AnatomyAnatomy
Revolution demands blood!Revolution demands blood!Revolution demands blood!Revolution demands blood!
Only 5% Benefit? Only 5% Benefit? Revolution?Revolution?
Only 5% Benefit? Only 5% Benefit? Revolution?Revolution?
Clinically driven 1yr TLR for Clinically driven 1yr TLR for BMSBMS
Clinically driven 1yr TLR for Clinically driven 1yr TLR for BMSBMS
Initial DES result in USInitial DES result in USInitial DES result in USInitial DES result in US
Stent Usage at Medical City Dallas Stent Usage at Medical City Dallas (n=34(n=346)6)
Stent Usage at Medical City Dallas Stent Usage at Medical City Dallas (n=34(n=346)6)
Gold StandardGold StandardGold StandardGold Standard
Improving CABGImproving CABGImproving CABGImproving CABG
ARTS Study ConclusionARTS Study ConclusionARTS Study ConclusionARTS Study Conclusion
Diabetic patients showed poor clinical outcome in the stent group when compared to the CABG group. Consequently, surgery may be preferable to stenting in patients with multivessel coronary disease and diabetes, although surgery carries a sialthough surgery carries a significant risk of cerebrovascular accident.gnificant risk of cerebrovascular accident.
SOS TrialSOS TrialSOS TrialSOS Trial
3.9
3.49
Hazard Ratio
P=0.001
Hazard Ratio
P=0.007
For Stent vs. Surgery to have a repeat revascularization
For Stent vs. Surgery for 3 year mortality
Results of Randomized Trials in Results of Randomized Trials in DiabeticsDiabetics
Results of Randomized Trials in Results of Randomized Trials in DiabeticsDiabetics
Diabetics Increased early and late adverse events after both P
TCA/CABG Both approaches-suboptimal
ButCABG superior to PTCA
↑restenosis ↓complete revascularization↑disease progression
Therapy directed to Therapy directed to lesion vs. vessellesion vs. vessel
PTCA or CABG for Multivessel DiseasePTCA or CABG for Multivessel Disease ; Considerations; Considerations
PTCA or CABG for Multivessel DiseasePTCA or CABG for Multivessel Disease ; Considerations; Considerations
Need for revascularization Need for complete
revascularization LV function Technical/anatomic factors Individual patient circumstances
Revascularization in Patients with Multivessel Revascularization in Patients with Multivessel DiseaseDisease
Revascularization in Patients with Multivessel Revascularization in Patients with Multivessel DiseaseDisease
CABG PCI
Triple vessel disease
LV dysfunction
LMCA disease
Diffuse disease
Double vessel disease※
Preserved LV function※
Suitable anatomy※
Advanced age
“Salvage”procedure
Diabetics? ※ Majority of pt in randomized trials
STS Database CABG STS Database CABG MortalityMortality
1990 ~ 20011990 ~ 2001
STS Database CABG STS Database CABG MortalityMortality
1990 ~ 20011990 ~ 2001
Restenosis Rates in DiabeticsRestenosis Rates in DiabeticsRestenosis Rates in DiabeticsRestenosis Rates in Diabetics
DES in DiabeticsDES in DiabeticsDES in DiabeticsDES in Diabetics
Late Loss (mm)Late Loss (mm)
SIRIUS-Diabetic subgroup SIRIUS-Diabetic subgroup (279 pts)(279 pts)
SIRIUS-Diabetic subgroup SIRIUS-Diabetic subgroup (279 pts)(279 pts)
Sirolimus-eluting stentsSirolimus-eluting stentsSirolimus-eluting stentsSirolimus-eluting stents
Binary restenosis according the different type of diabetesBinary restenosis according the different type of diabetes
In-segment RestenosisIn-segment RestenosisIn-segment RestenosisIn-segment Restenosis
Relationship diameter & lesion length (from Relationship diameter & lesion length (from SIRIUS)SIRIUS)
SIRIUS – Diabetic subgroupSIRIUS – Diabetic subgroupSIRIUS – Diabetic subgroupSIRIUS – Diabetic subgroup
Choosing Interventional Choosing Interventional TherapyTherapy
Choosing Interventional Choosing Interventional TherapyTherapy
DES: Lesion & PatientsDES: Lesion & PatientsDES: Lesion & PatientsDES: Lesion & Patients
IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
Patients profilePatients profilePatients profilePatients profile
Period : 2000. 7 ~ 2003. 12
Patients
329 consecutive patients
isolated OPCAB
first time elective operation
no exclusion criteria for OPCAB
Preoperative DataPreoperative DataPreoperative DataPreoperative Data
Age (years) 61.6 8.1 (40~85)
Men/Women 219/110 (66.6%)
Diabetes 100 (30.4%)
Ejection fraction 58.1 9.8 (25~75)
Postoperative DataPostoperative DataPostoperative DataPostoperative Data
Mechanical ventilation (hr) 7.56.0
Chest drainage (cc) 912458
ICU stay (day) 2.01.8
LOS (day) 8.011.7
Postoperative EventsPostoperative EventsPostoperative EventsPostoperative Events
Operative mortality 3 (0.9)
Reoperation 9 (2.7)
Perioperative MI 3 (0.9)
Deep wound infection 7 (2.1)
N(%)
Postoperative EventsPostoperative EventsPostoperative EventsPostoperative Events
Arrhythmia 11 (3.4) Pulmonary complications 6 (1.8) Postop IABP 3 (0.9) Postop Inotropics 35 (10.6) Renal failure 0 CVA 0
N(%)
Mortality Mortality Mortality Mortality
40
61
145
24
4
114
11
23
100
13
28
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2000 2001 2002 2003
OPCAB CABG on pump beating CABG
40
61
145
24
4
114
11
23
100
13
28
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2000 2001 2002 2003
OPCAB CABG on pump beating CABG
NN
0.9%0.9%3/3343/334
1.7%1.7%7/4077/407
1.5%1.5%7/4587/458
1.5%1.5%8/5428/542
(101(101))
(173(173))
(148(148))
(141(141))
11 22 11 11 00 22 00 11 00 11 33
Target Coronary VesselsTarget Coronary VesselsTarget Coronary VesselsTarget Coronary Vessels
RCA
2%(19)
RI
1%(11)
PDA
15%(176) Dx
18%(212)
LAD
28%(338)
OM
29%(345)
PL
7%(83)
Total distal anastomoses : 1,184 Total distal anastomoses : 1,184 Anastomoses/Pt : 3.6Anastomoses/Pt : 3.61.1(1~7) 1.1(1~7) ( 1.7, 1.2, 0.8 )( 1.7, 1.2, 0.8 )
Early Graft PatencyEarly Graft PatencyEarly Graft PatencyEarly Graft Patency
LAD 97.6%(285/292)
Other vessels 98.6%(704/714)
Revascularization(1year):2.12%(7/329)
LITA & RA composite graft &LITA & RA composite graft &In situ RITA anastomosis to LADIn situ RITA anastomosis to LAD
LITA & RA composite graft &LITA & RA composite graft &In situ RITA anastomosis to LADIn situ RITA anastomosis to LAD
97.9%
Reintervention free survivalReintervention free survivalReintervention free survivalReintervention free survival
years
3210
%100
90
80
70
60
50
years
3210
%100
90
80
70
60
50
99.1%
Cumulative SurvivalCumulative SurvivalCumulative SurvivalCumulative Survival
Goals of TherapyGoals of TherapyGoals of TherapyGoals of Therapy
Improve survival
Avoid CNS complications
Preserve/Improve LV function
Relieve symptoms
Prevent infarction
Decrease need for subsequent procedures