Group: C

DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS

ECTOPARASITES

SULFUR

MALATHION

CROTAMITON

PREMETHRIN

LINDANE

SULPHUR

MALATHION

CROTAMITON

PREMITHRIN

LINDANE

Linadane is also known as gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, (γ-HCH) is an organochlorine chemical variant of hexachlorocyclohexane that has been used both as an agricultural insecticides and as a pharmaceutical treatment for lice and scabies.

MECHANISM OF ACTION:It exerts its parasiticidal action by being directly absorbed through the parasite's exoskeleton (primarily lice, or scabies) and their ova. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(1)) receptor/chloride is the primary site of action for lindane. Blockage of the GABA-gated chloride channel reduces neuronal inhibition, which leads to hyperexcitation of the central nervous system. This results in paralysis, convulsions, and death. Lindane has very low ovicidal activity.

PHARMACOKINETICSBIOAVAILABILITY 6 Hour

PROTEIN BINDING 90%

HALF LIFE 18 Hour

PHARMACODYNAMICSABSORPTION HIGHLY LIPOPHILLIC

METABOLISM LIVER

DIRECTION FOR USE: Lindane lotion is applied on the skin and leave for 8 hours then wash it away with lukewarm, soapy water. While apply on hairy scalp for 15 min and then wash it away with warm water.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Lindane is contraindicated with drugs having oily base. Because oil base drugs can increases the absorption of

ANTIBIOTICS

ANTIDEPRESSANTS

SEDATIVES

IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS

DRUGS CAUSING SEIZURES

TOXICITIES:

DEMELANIZINGAGENTS

Monobenzone

Hydroquinone

Mequinol

Methoxsalen

MONOBENZONE

MEQUINOL

HYDROQUINONE

METHOXSALEN :

VITILIGO

PSORIASIS

VITILIGO:Vitiligo is a condition in which a loss of cells that give color to the skin (melanocytes) results in smooth, white patches in the midst of normally pigmented skin.

MECHANISM OF ACTION:

METHOXSALEN

Increases IL-1

Increases melanogen

Inc. melanin

Repigmentation of depigmented skin

DOSE:

Per oral :20mg with milk or food 2-4 hr before UV exposure

Topical:Apply 1% lotion to affected area 2 hour before UV exposure q3-7 days.

PSORIASIS: Normal skin cells mature and replace dead skin every 28-30 days. Psoriasis causes skin cells to mature in less than a week. Because the body can't shed old skin as rapidly as new cells are rising to the surface, raised patches of dead skin develop on the arms, back, chest, elbows, legs, nails, folds between the buttocks, and scalp.

psoriasis is a chronic, non-contagious

disease characterized by inflamed lesions

covered with silvery-white

scabs of dead skin.

MECHANISM OF ACTION:METHOXSALEN INTERCALTES

WITH DNA

CYCLOBUTANE ADDUCTS FORMED WITH PYRIMIDINE BASES

INTERSTRAND CROSSLINKS FORMED

THEY INHIBIT DNA SYNTHESIS

SO THAT NO NEW CELLS ARE

FORMED BEFORE

SHEDDING OF PREVIOUSLY

FORMED CELLS.

DOSE:Take Per oral with milk or food 2hour before UVA exposure (q OD).Body weight guidelines:<30kg: 10 mg30-50kg : 20mg51-65 kg: 30mg66-80 kg: 40mg81-90 kg: 50 mg91-115 kg: 60mg>115 kg: 70mg

PHARMACOKINETICS:Half-life: 0.75 – 2.4 hourOnset of action: 1-2 hourDuration of action: 3-8 hourBioavailability: variable, enhanced by foodProtein bound: 75-91%Metabolism : hepaticExcretion: urineMetabolites: 8-hydroxypsoralen, glucuronide and sulphate conjugates.

REDDINING OF SKIN

Rash and itching of skin

Malaise

Leg cramps

depression

SIDE

EFFECTS

CONTRAINDICATIONS:medications that may make your skin sensitive to light (such as anthralin, coal tar, griseofulvin, phenothiazines like promethazine, sulfa antibiotics like sulfamethoxazole, fluoroquinolone antibiotics like ciprofloxacin, thiazide diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide, tetracycline antibiotics like doxycycline).