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Introduction toComputer Graphics
& Applications.
MCA (5th Sem)
Prasanta Kumar Swain
School of computer application
KIIT University
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Class Web Page
http://kiitsca.googlepages.com
http://Prasantkiit.googlepages.com
Class lectures will available after the class in web
Assignments will be given very soon
http://prasantkiit.googlepages.com/http://prasantkiit.googlepages.com/http://prasantkiit.googlepages.com/http://prasantkiit.googlepages.com/http://prasantkiit.googlepages.com/http://prasantkiit.googlepages.com/ -
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Topics
Core graphics pipeline
Introduction, Overview of graphics System, scanconversion / clipping, Modeling transformation,viewing transformation.
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Graphics Applications
Entertainment: Cinema
Pixar: Monsters Inc.
Square: Final Fantasy
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Entertainment
Final Fantasy (Square, USA)
Graphics method can also bused to simulate a human actor
Using digital file of an actor
facial expression, an animatioprogram can generate a replicof that person, so we can use iabsence of the actor also.
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Entertainment
A Bugs Life (Pixar)
Animation: Motion providedto an object which is not inexistence.Ex- Cartoon movies( feels tocontinuous and natural)
Morphing: Graphicatechnique in which oneobject or image transformedinto other appears to besmooth not rapid.Ex- Terminator, Matrix etc.
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Graphs and Charts
Commonly used to summarize financial, mathematical, statisticaengineering data.
relationship between multiple parameters can be presented by using 2D o
3D or higher dimensional spaces.
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Graphics Applications
Medical Visualization
MIT: Image-Guided Surgery Project
TheVisibleHum
anProject
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Graphics Applications
Everyday Use
Microsofts Whistler OS will use graphics seriously
Graphics visualizations and debuggers
Visualize complex software systems
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Everyday use
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Everyday use
Window system and large-screen interaction metaphors
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Graphics Applications
Scientific Visualization
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Scientific Visualization
Airflow around a Harrier Jet (NASA Ames)
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Graphics Applications
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
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Computer Aided Drafting and
Design (CADD)
Used for engineering and architectural system.
Ex: aircraft, building, textile, home appliance etc.
Computer aided manufacturing (CAM)
Tied with computer design so that manufacturing
or fabrication of the product can be automated
using CAM.
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Graphics Applications(Training)
Designing Effective Step-By-Step Assembly Instructions (Maneesh Agrawala et. al)
Heavy machinery operation,assembling etc.
Aircraft training, traffic
controlling system etc.
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Graphics
Applications
Entertainment: Games
GT Racer 3
Polyphony Digital: Gran Turismo 3, A Spec
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Games
Circus Atari (Atari)
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Education
Outside In (Geometry Center, University of Minnesota)
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Graphics Applications
Virtual reality environment
User can interact with the object in three
dimensional scene.
Used for training pilots and operators of heavyweight machines.
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Graphics Applications
Computer Art.
Paint brush
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Graphics Applications
Image processing
-The modification or interpretation of existing
pictures such as photographs and TV scan
called image processing.-improve picture quality by enhancing picture in
digital format.
-wide medical applications like Computed X-raytomography(CT), position emission tomography
etc.
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The Basics
Computer Graphics involves display, manipulation and storage
of pictures and experimental data for proper visualization
using a computer.
Main tasks:
modeling: (shape) creating and representing the geometry of objects in
the 3D world
rendering: (light, perspective) generating 2D images of the objects
animation: (movement) describing how objects change in time
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Graphics System Framework
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Computer Graphics systems could be active or
passive.
In both cases, the input to the system is the scene
description and output is a static or animatedscene to be displayed.
In case of active systems, the user controls thedisplay with the help of a GUI, using an input
device.
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Graphics Definitions
Point a location in space, 2D or 3D
sometimes denotes one pixel
Line
straight path connecting two points
infinitesimal width, consistent density
beginning and end on points
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Graphics Definitions
Vertex
point in 3D
Edge
line in 3D connecting two vertices
Polygon/Face/Facet
arbitrary shape formed by connected vertices
fundamental unit of 3D computer graphics
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Graphics Definitions
Raster derived from TV systems for a row of pixels
commonly referred to as a scanline
does influence algorithms reducing memory requirements,parallelism, etc.
is the derivation of rasterization, scan-line algorithms
Can we learn from history?
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Can we learn from history?
Perspective
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Machines
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Perspective
Lorenzetti Birth of the Virgin
1342
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Leonardo The Last Supper
1498
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Shape
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5-minute Test
Relate the issues
1) Wireframe model and design
2) Virtual reality and training
3) Image processing and virtual realization.
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Home Work(Assignment)
List out any one most important application areaof computer graphics and give most latest
improvements in that area. Represent your
assignment using tools like graphs ,pictures
and figures etc to make it interactive.
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