Download - Heart failure
Đinh Trần Xuân Trường
Nguyễn Ngọc Tú Quỳnh
Trần Thanh Tuấn
Trần Triển
Ngô Trung
Huỳnh Trọng Ân
Huỳnh An Khang
Đỗ Nhật Minh Trực
Nguyễn Hoàng Phi Yến
Members
1. Anatomy
2. Definition
3. Mechanism and Etiology
4. Classification
5. Signs and Symptoms
6. Management
7. Considerations
8. Discussion
Layout
Anatomy The heart is located in the
chest between the lungsbehind the sternum andabove the diaphragm.
It is surrounded by thepericardium.
Mechanism and Etiology
Myocardial Disease
Cardiac Output
SNS HR
Contractility vasoconstriction
RAASVasoconstriction
Na/H20Retention
Ventricular remolding
Cardiac workload
Mechanism and Etiology Heart failure occurs because the heart muscle is damaged.
It has many causes, the most common being :
Coronary heart disease (CHD), particularly a past heart attack
Abnormally high blood pressure (hypertension)
As CHD is the most common cause of heart failure, major risk factors for CHD also
increase the risk of heart failure. These include:
Abnormally high cholesterol levels (hyperlipidemia)
Smoking
Hypertension
Diabetes
Obesity
Classification Onset: Acute heart failureChronic heart failure
Affected side of the heart :Left heart failure Right heart failure
Or:Systolic dysfunctionDiastolic dysfunction
What Are The Symptoms of Heart Failure? Think FACES ...
Fatigue
Activities limited
Chest congestion
Edema or ankle swelling
Shortness of breath
Symptoms
Left sided heart failure Dyspnea on exertion
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea
Tachycardia
Cough
Hemoptysis
Symptoms
12
Management
14
Reduce the respiratory and cardiac workload
Reduce agitation of patient
Induce diruresis & vasodilatation
Reduce respiratory rate
Decrease heart rate
Establish the cause and treat
Management
15
Myocardialdysfunction
Increased load
Neurohormonalactivation
Cardiomyocytedysfunction
Cell Death
Heart failureTherapy of HF
Drug therapy
Gene therapy
Cell transplantation
Heart transplantation
Drug therapy
Clinic – based service:
This involves the establishment of a specific heart failure clinic that is
usually situated in the hospital outpatient department.
Follow-up after hospitalisation
Home – based service :
”The Heart Manual”
A home-based programme for low- to moderate-risk patients
Hybrid service :
Comprising home plus clinic-based follow-up.
Management
ConsiderationNon – Pharmacologic
Diet
• Alcohol
• Smoking
Exercise
Cardiac rehab
Palliative Services
Social Support
Pharmacologic
ACE-Inhibitors
Beta-blockers
Spironolactone
Diuretics
Digoxin