물산업 클러스터에 기반한 해외진출 확대 및 한국 물산업 협의회...
TRANSCRIPT
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2015. 5
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2015 5
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()
() () () ()
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() () () () () ()
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1 DB 11.1 , 1
1.1.1 , 11.1.2 8
1.2 261.2.1 261.2.2 36
2 , 602.1 60
2.1.1 602.1.2 612.1.3 622.1.4 642.1.5 65
2.2 662.2.1 662.2.2 692.2.3 702.2.4 712.2.5 4 712.2.6 722.2.7 73
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2.3 742.3.1 742.3.2 , 792.3.3 88
3 1073.1 107
3.1.1 , , , 1073.1.2 , 125
3.2 1383.2.1 1383.1.2 143
3.3 1503.3.1 1503.3.2. 1503.3.3 1523.3.4 153
3.4 1543.4.1 1543.4.2 155
4 1564.1 156
4.1.1 (Netherlands) 1564.1.2 France Water Partnership 1594.1.3 German Water Partnership 1624.1.4 (Japan Water Forum) 1654.1.5 (Japan): PPP 168
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4.1.6 (Singapore): PUB + Water Hub 1724.1.7 (Global Water Partnership; GWP) 1774.1.8 1784.1.9 (Water and sanitation program) 1814.1.10 (Water Partnership Program) 183
4.2 1854.2.1 1854.2.2 1894.2.3 191
4.3 1944.3.1 1944.3.2 1984.3.3 2024.3.4 205
4.4 208
4.5 212
5 2135.1 , 213
5.1.1 2135.1.2 (EU) 2195.1.3 2225.1.4 226
5.2 KWP 2295.2.1 2295.2.2 230
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5.2.3 248
6 (KWP) 2596.1 , 259
6.1.1 KWP 2596.1.2 KWP 2616.1.3 KWP 264
6.2 2656.2.1 KWP 2656.2.2 KWP 2686.2.3 KWP 2716.2.4 274
6.3 , 2756.3.1 KWP 2756.3.2 KWP 2766.3.3 KWP 2796.3.4 KWP 281
6.4 2826.4.1 KWP Task Force Team 2826.4.2 KWP TFT 282
283
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[ 1-1] 1[ 1-2] 3[ 1-3] 5[ 1-4] 7[ 1-5] 8[ 1-6] 8[ 1-7] 9[ 1-8] 9[ 1-9] OECD BRICS SOC 10[ 1-10] 10[ 1-11] 11[ 1-12] 13[ 1-13] 14[ 1-14] 14[ 1-15] 16[ 1-16] 19[ 1-17] 19[ 1-18] 19[ 1-19] 28[ 1-20] 28[ 1-21] 29[ 1-22] 31[ 1-23] 32[ 1-24] 33[ 1-25] 34[ 1-26] 35[ 1-27] 36[ 1-28] 37[ 1-29] () 38[ 1-30] () 39[ 1-31] 40[ 1-32] (%) 42
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- 12 -
[ 1-33] 43[ 1-34] 44[ 1-35] 44[ 1-36] 49[ 1-37] 52[ 2-1] EU 70[ 2-2] 5 74[ 2-3] 10 75[ 2-4] 3 76[ 2-5] 77[ 2-6] 2 77[ 2-7] 84[ 2-8] 5 (, , ) 87[ 2-9] 90[ 2-10] 91[ 2-11] 92[ 2-12] 92[ 2-13] 93[ 2-14] 94[ 2-15] 94[ 2-16] 97[ 2-17] 99[ 2-18] 99[ 2-19] 101[ 2-20] 102[ 3-1] 4 (2014 , ) 114[ 3-2] 5 115[ 3-3] 116[ 3-4] 118[ 3-5] (, , 2013) 121[ 3-6] 3 (2014) 122[ 3-7] 1 123[ 3-8] 126
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- 13 -
[ 3-9] 10 () 127[ 3-10] 131[ 3-11] (2014 ) 132[ 3-12] , , 139[ 3-13] EACP 143[ 3-14] KOICA 143[ 3-15] K-Water EDCF (2013 11 ) 144[ 3-16] 144[ 3-17] 145[ 3-18] 2010 146[ 3-19] 147[ 3-20] 147[ 3-21] 151[ 4-1] NWP 157[ 4-2] NWP (Non-ODA) 158[ 4-3] FWP 161[ 4-4] GWP (Task force) 164[ 4-5] 167[ 4-6] WSSCC 180[ 4-7] 186[ 4-8] 203[ 4-9] (Water Partnership) 209[ 5-1] 213[ 5-2] 214[ 5-3] 20 215[ 5-4] EPA 10 217[ 5-5] 10 225[ 5-6] 232[ 5-7] 238[ 5-8] 241[ 5-9] 242[ 5-10] 245[ 5-11] 247
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[ 5-12] () 249[ 5-13] 251[ 5-14] 251[ 5-15] () 254[ 6-1] KWP 266[ 6-2] KWP 270[ 6-3] KWP (Networking) (Platform) 275
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[ 1-1] 2[ 1-2] 5 4[ 1-3] 5[ 1-4] , 15[ 1-5] , 15[ 1-6] , 18[ 1-7] 31[ 1-8] 32[ 1-9] 33[ 1-10] R&D 34[ 1-11] 35[ 1-12] 41[ 1-13] 53[ 2-1] 10 77[ 2-2] 79[ 2-3] 80[ 2-4] 81[ 2-5] 82[ 2-6] 83[ 2-7] 87[ 2-8] 89[ 2-9] 91[ 2-10] 92[ 2-11] 96[ 2-12] 98[ 2-13] 98[ 2-14] 100[ 2-15] 103[ 3-1] 5 115[ 3-2] 130[ 3-3] 130
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- 16 -
[ 3-4] 133[ 3-5] ODA 140[ 3-6] KOICA 141[ 3-7] EDCF 142[ 4-1] NWP ( 35) 157[ 4-2] FWP (WWC ) 160[ 4-3] GWP ( 15) 163[ 4-4] GWP 163[ 4-5] GWP 164[ 4-6] 166[ 4-7] PPP 169[ 4-8] 170[ 4-9] , 171[ 4-10] Platform 174[ 4-11] 175[ 4-12] GWP 178[ 4-13] 183[ 4-14] 186[ 4-15] 190[ 4-16] 192[ 4-17] 194[ 4-18] (KONICOF) 198[ 4-19] 203[ 5-1] Clean Water State Revolving Fund . (C 216[ 5-2] EU 221[ 5-3] (UK) 224[ 5-4] 227[ 5-5] 231[ 5-6] IoT 233[ 6-1] 260[ 6-2] (KWP) 272
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- 1 -
1 DB
1.1 , 1.1.1 ,
.
(Water Industry) (Wiki, 2015), 1960 water industry () ()
, .
[ 1-1] , Global Water intelligence . OECD , Water Industry Handbook(1999) , () . ()
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[ 1-4]
-
- 8 -
1.1.2
.
2002 . (Fortune) 4,000 5)
5,400 US$ 3,493 US$
2014 5,568 6)[ 1-5]
2007 $ 3,620 2025 $ 8,650 4.9%
($) 556 25 205 149 84 95 (%) 100% 4.5% 36.8% 26.8% 14.7% 17.0%
[ 1-5] (Global Water Market 2014, GWI)
(61.9%) ( 19.7%, 18.4%) , [ 1-6]
2012($) 2018($) (%) 576 786 6.6 453 637 7.0
[ 1-6]
5) Fortune, "Water, Water Everywhere", 2002. 5.15
6) Global Water Market 2014, GWI
-
- 9 -
.
GWI 2011 4.6% [ 1-7]
-- . R&D [ 1-8]
2013( $)2018
( $)
(%) 90.6 129.2 7.1 95.7 129.8 5.9
186.3 259.0 6.5
183.8 212.6 2.6 118.5 146.5 3.9
302.3 359.1 3.1 15.7 23.9 8.7
504.3 642 4.6: Global Water Market 2011, Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 1-7] (2014 )
7.7% 23.8% 36.9% 34.7% 6.4% 6.5%: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 1-8]
GWI OECD BRICS 2030 1 , [ 1-9]
2008 -EU- SOC . 2011 GWI
-
- 10 -
The 2030 Water Resource Group(2009) 2007 48500 700-900, 750
2000~2010 2010~2020 2020~2030
($) GDP(%) ($)
GDP(%) ($)
GDP(%)* 5,760 1.01 7,720 1.01 10,370 1.03 2,200 0.38 2,450 0.32 2,920 0.29 490 0.09 540 0.07 580 0.06 6,540 1.14 6,460 0.85 1,710 0.17 1,270 0.22 1,800 0.24 2,410 0.24 16,260 2.84 18,970 2.49 17,990 1.79
* OECD 32 , , , (OECD, 2006)
[ 1-9] OECD BRICS SOC
480 (94%) , 6% . , 29% [ 1-10]
2005 101 41 41 192006 78 26 40 122007 97 39 47 112008 111 30 65 162009 70 19 43 8
1987~2009() 1,120(49) 393(17) 403(18) 324(14): Pinsent Masons Water Yearbook 2010-2011
[ 1-10]
(Bouygues) (EON) , (PAI, Macquire)
2012 173 96 2005 70.8% (Pinsent Masons, Water Yearbook 2011-2012)
-
- 11 -
.
[ 1-11]
2003 10.9, GWI 2010 11.5, 2011 14.7, GWI 2013 10, 2013 34.7
(: )
7)(2003 ) - 51,400 40,500 9,700 - - 1,900 4,100 1,200 109,000
8)(2011 ) 12,712 62,424 65,140 - 865 610 5,500 15,000 - 147,251
GWI 2011 (2010 ) - 46,056 55,716 4,688 13 8,438 2,226 2,461 114,911
GWI 2014 (2013 ) - 46,986 46,869 5,714 99,569
(2013 )
(28) (4) (13)
(5)
183,575 71,635 81,233 11,210 347,655
[ 1-11]
2003 . GWI
2013 4 . , 34.8 GDP 3%
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8) (2013)
-
- 12 -
, . Business Journal(2008) Water Treatment() - Delivery Equipment() - Chemicals() - / - - 1200/ , GWI . EU
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() (%)
1
4,235,299
21.2 - 903,407
481,395 2,372,137
51,812 426,548
2 1,531,900
7.6 (851,000)
9,600 1,522,300
2-1 1,170,054
5.8 - 960,462 209,592
3 110,230
0.6 (999,309)
110,230
3-1 1,285,828 6.4 - 1,285,828
4 274,855 1.4 274,855
5 9) 11,432,535
57.0
(2,318,615)
6,231,935
5,200,600 20,040,701 100
[ 1-12] (2014 )
- , [ 1-13]
- , ,
9) (1,444)
-
- 14 -
() ()1 ( ) 1,000,000 (13 )2 1,600,000 (10.2.16)3 600,000 (12.12.12)4 () 790,000 13
3,990,000 , ,
[ 1-13] (2014 )
() (%)1 3,269,527 16.3 2 6,713,330 33.5 3 7,572,737 37.8 4 51,812 0.3 5 2,433,295 12.1
20,040,701 100.0 (R&D, , ) 26,776, 0.1%
[ 1-14] (2014 )
.
- , 2025 [ 1-4]
10 11.18% 2007 . 3.46% [ 1-5]
-
- 15 -
- , 19%
- 2011
[ 1-4] , (Global Water Market 2014)
[ 1-5] ,
((2002~2012))
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- 16 -
70~80
- , 2021 5,000 ( 680 ) , 20
- , ( 97.9%, 90.9%) 3 , 24.7% 5 48% 54%
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[ 1-15]
() , , 80
- 90
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- 17 -
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[ 1-16]
- 1999 5% 2006 10% 2012 14% 2025
-
- 19 -
2012 () 2015 () 2025 () 188.6 47% 204.9 50% 226.7 55%
& 39.9 12% 57.3 18% 84.0 28%& 86.9 7% 116.7 8% 227.7 13%
& 20.0 1% 28.6 1% 113.4 5%
411.3 20% 469.4 21% 642.0 27% 12.5 36% 15.7 42% 18.8 45% 106.7 23% 125.5 26% 201.4 39%
102.1 21% 119.5 23% 158.0 29% 968.8 14% 1137.6 16% 1672.0 21%
: Pinsent Masons Water Yearbook 2012-2013
[ 1-16]
[ 1-17]
- , 2012 15%, 15% 2025 22%, 25%
- 2025 50% 100%
2012 2015 2025 0% 0% 2% 4% 8% 16% 15% 15% 15% 17% 22% 25% 46% 29% 51% 41% 63% 52% 38% 50% 100% 100% 100% 100%UAE 3% 31% 38% 47% 63% 79%: Pinsent Masons Water Yearbook 2012-2013
[ 1-17]
- , 2025 10% , 20%
Veolia Environnement [1] 12,617 131,490,000 18% 6,074,000Suez Environnement [4] [7] 7,370 117,450,000 10% -6,837,000FCC [1] 845 30,151,000 43% 1,881,000Sabesp BRL9,942 28,460,000 100% 2,260,000Beijing Enterprises Water HK$2,655 28,460,000 100% 10,670,000Acea 753 17,980,000 65% 4,000Shanghai Industrial Holdings [9] 17,500,000 100% -4,280,000NWS Holdings [4] 16,120,000 100% 0American Water Works US$2,666 16,000,000 98% -800,000
[ 1-18] (12.11 50)
-
- 20 -
watergy, water-energy nexus (WEF), UN, (NIC)
Sound Global [6] RMB2,288 15,600,000 100% 4,000,000Chongqing Water Group RMB3,738 15,000,000 100% 0Thames Water 1,695 13,800,000 100% 0Copasa BRL2,510 13,600,000 100% 800,000Manila Water [7] PHP12,004 13,300,000 47% 4,600,000Severn Trent 1,771 13,250,000 62% 0Beijing Capital RMB1,841 13,600,000 100% -5,985,000Tianjin Capital Environmental RMB1,572 12,350,000 100% 0Saur 1,306 12,243,000 41% 0Finagestion 10,800,000 0% 0China Water Affairs HK$1,897 10,800,000 100% 3,950,000Acciona 413 10,700,000 41% 3,800,000RWE [2] - 10,100,000 90% -8,165,000Andrade Gutierrez BRL1,876 9,510,000 100% 240,000Grupo ACS 8,700,000 76% 0Asia Water Technology RMB293 8,630,000 0% China Everbright HK$805 8,500,000 100% 2,400,000GuoZhen Environmental 8,000,000 100% 1,667,000Gelsenwasser 266 7,700,800 76% 0Jiangxi Hongcheng Waterworks RMB983 7,500,000 100% United Utilities [3] 1,565 7,250,000 100% 0Puncak Niaga MYR1,991 7,100,000 100% 0HanKore Environment RMB196 7,650,000 100% 2,300,000Golden State Environment 7,500,000 100% Jiangxi Hongcheng Waterworks RMB983 7,500,000 100% United Utilities [3] 1,565 7,250,000 100% 0Puncak Niaga MYR1,991 7,100,000 100% 0Mitsui & Co. 7,100,000 0% Anglian Water 1,138 7,042,000 82% 0Aguas Andinas [5] CLP363,733 6,940,000 100% 349,000Maynilad Water PHP13,769 6,600,000 100% 700,000Cheung Kong Infrastructure [8] 731 6,542,000 0% 0Rosvodokanal 6,100,000 100% 0Sembcorp 6,070,000 7% 375,000Yorkshire Water 894 5,993,000 100% 0Guangdong Investment HK$4,493 5,800,000 100% 0Remondis 5,345,000 21% 275,000Hyflux S$482 5,230,000 17% 1,030,000Salcon MYR472 5,207,000 0% Gruppo Iren 438 5,090,000 100% 0China Water Industry HK$285 5,000,000 100% -10,610,000GS Engineering 5,000,000 0% Heilongjiang Interchina Water RMB301 4,750,000 100% Southern Water 716 4,550,000 100% 0 : Pinsent Masons Water Yearbook 2012-2013: [1] Proactiva JV ; [2] BWB ; [3] ; [4] ; [5] Suez Environnement ; [6] ; [7] Jakarta ;[8] Northumbrian Water ; [9] Asia Water Technology
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2-1
2-1-1 20302
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20411 20412
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2-2-3 / 20499
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3-1 Media(,) 3-1-1Media(,) 13999
3-2 (Pipes) 3-2-1 22211
3-3 (Pipes) 3-3-1 23326
3-4
3-4-1 24131 3-4-2 24132 3-4-3 24221 3-4-4 24229
3-5 3-5-1 27214
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3-8 (Pump) 3-8-1 (Pump) 29131
3-9 (Valve) 3-9-1 (Valve) 29133 ,
3-10 3-10-1 (screen) 29175
[ 1-21]
-
- 30 -
3-10-2 29175
3-10-3 29175 20501 3-10-4 29175
3-11 3-11-1
29299
3-12 3-12-1 29299
3-13 3-13-2 29133 , 3-13-3 29133 ,
4 4-1
4-1-1() 41223
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4-1-2 42201
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5-1-1 36010
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5-1-3 37011 5-1-4 37012 5-1-5 37022
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6-1-1 72921 6-1-2 72919 ,
6-1-3 (rehab)41229 74212
6-1-4 74100
7 , 8-1 ,
7-1-1 () 72121
7-1-2 72122 7-1-3 72919 , 7-1-4 CCTV
8 8-1 8-1-1 72911
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38120
10 10-1 10-1-1 74212
10-2 10-2-1 39001
11 11-1 11-1-1 38220
39009
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- 31 -
.
10,537, 3,368, 4,602, 2,026, 541
- (9 ) 1,140 , , 532, 360, 195, 154 [ 1-7]
[ 1-7]
, 2,522 , (2,009), (953), (842), (517) [ 1-22]
2,522 494 2,009 363 517 459 317 302 350 56 429 365 842 953 151 408
[ 1-22]
-
- 32 -
12 7,532 , 4 8,672, 4 1,929, 2 8,802, 8,129 [ 1-8]
(9 ) 2 1,822 , 5,425, 3,138, 2,703
[ 1-8]
2013 1 2,367, 2014 3,965, 2015 2,905 [ 1-23]
2013
2014
(%)
2015
12,367 3,965 3.97 2,905() 2,059 548 3.02 346
4,112 1,231 1.77 1,015 312 162 2.74 127
() 5,885 2,025 3.35 1,418 =/(+)100
[ 1-23]
-
- 33 -
34 7,655 7,200 , 18 3,575 9,800, 8 1,233 9,700, 7 1,635 3,900, 1 1,210 3,800[ 1-9]
[ 1-9]
50 14 8,788 3,400 [ 1-24]
18 3,575 9,800
(: )
( )
(10,537) 162,460,721 34,765,5721~9 (7,245) 7,704,546 5,818,396
10~19 (1,533) 4,607,032 3,772,86220~49 (1,177) 12,984,520 10,295,480
50 (582) 137,164,624 14,878,834 (3,368) 39,003,995 18,357,598
(4,602) 104,250,254 7,163,539 (2,026) 15,300,549 8,123,397
(541) 3,905,924 1,121,038
[ 1-24]
-
- 34 -
(R&D)
6.8% - , 1~9 R&D
8.0% , 10~19 6.5% [ 1-10]
[ 1-10] R&D ()
- , 11.3% R&D , (7.6%), (6.5%), (6.1%) [ 1-25]
R&D () (1,534) 6.81~9 (538) 8.0
10~19 (355) 6.520~49 (374) 6.2
50 (266) 5.5 (1,022) 6.1
(291) 7.6 (101) 6.5
(120) 11.3
[ 1-25]
-
- 35 -
- 1 9,792 7,100 [ 1-11]
[ 1-11]
- 1 9,536 7,500 , 165 900 [ 1-26]
( : )
(10,537) 1,979,2711~9 (7,245) 76,492
10~19 (1,533) 73,89220~49 (1,177) 274,539
50 (582) 1,554,348 (3,368) 1,953,675
(4,602) 9,087 (2,026) -
(541) 16,509
[ 1-26]
- 50 1 5,543 4,800 , 20~49 2,745 3,900, 1~9 764 9,200, 10~19 738 9,200
- 6,025 2,600 , 2,409 2,200, 2,221 9,900, 1,770 9,300 [ 1-27]
-
- 36 -
( : ) (34,782) 1,979,271
( , ) (213) 934 (162) 70
(267) 19,355 (318) 177,093 (99) 1,016
/ (65) 4,569PH (139) 1,485
Media(, ) (263) 123,883 (923) 60,549
(181) 6,743 (1,808) 602,526 (160) 140,217
(109) 97,260 (437) 30,656
/(, ) (1,265) 8,819/EDI (191) 11,006
/(UV, Ozone ) (82) 203(Pump) (607) 35,650(Valve) (1,188) 240,922
(Screen) (693) 10,505 (140) 116
(103) 14,183 (558) 222,199
(135) 16,632 (124) 997
(297) 116,056 (433) 11,092
() (355) 8,249 (756) 97
( ) (1,056) 16,188
[ 1-27]
1.2.2
.
, (needs)
(11), (11,13), (13), (13)
(14),
-
- 37 -
(, 2011)
, 2011
- , (3.4), (3.3), (3.2), (3.1), (3.1), (3.0), (3.0), (3.0) [ 1-28]
3.4 3.1 3.0 2.8
3.2 2.8
3.1 3.1 2.8 3.1 3.3 -
3.1 2.8 3.0 2.8
2.4 2.9 2.7 3.0
2.7 3.1 ( ) 2.6 -
3.0 3.1
(, ,
) 2.7 3.1 2.7 2.9
2.8 - 1 5 ,
[ 1-28]
, (), , , ,
, ,
-
- 38 -
, , , [ 1-29]
- 79.2 79.8, 83.9, 85.5, 85.7
- , , 15-21
() 79.8 99.9 99.8 100.0 78.3 85.5 99.2 99.5 99.2 56.7 79.2 98.4 97.7 98.6 86.7
83.9 99.4 95.6 98.3 56.7 85.7 99.1 99.8 99.2 55.0
: , , 2011
[ 1-29] ()
, , 15~21 [ 1-30]
, , ,
- 89.8 (89.3), (88.7), (86.9)
- , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , ,
- , ,
-
- 39 -
2011
(, , )
79.0 94.1 90.8 95.6 95.0 78.7 84.5 90.2 95.3 96.0 88.5 88.7 86.5 94.7 96.0
82.6 96.0 87.4 85.0 96.7 77.3 93.2 92.6 87.5 96.7
()(, , )
80.7 95.0 95.0 94.5 90.6 79.0 95.5 95.4 93.1 90.9 85.6 91.5 90.6 93.4 90.6
82.7 94.6 89.2 86.7 90.0 78.7 95.9 93.9 89.1 90.0
(, /
)
83.2 95.7 93.5 94.8 97.1 82.3 95.8 92.6 94.8 97.1 87.0 88.8 88.5 83.0 97.1
85.9 92.7 88.7 86.4 97.1 81.5 95.0 92.2 92.3 95.0
(, , )
85.1 93.4 91.2 94.7 100 83.2 94.6 92.1 94.8 100 89.8 89.3 88.7 85.9 97.1
86.3 92.4 88.6 88.9 97.1 83.0 95.4 92.0 93.9 100
(, , )
75.1 94.3 92.1 94.7 97.1 75.4 95.5 92.7 96.3 97.1 85.3 89.4 89.8 89.0 97.1
81.3 94.6 87.4 90.5 97.1 73.8 94.3 91.4 95.3 97.1
(, )
82.0 94.0 92.3 91.0 97.1 81.4 94.8 93.0 91.0 97.1 87.2 89.8 89.9 84.3 97.1
82.8 94.5 90.8 86.4 97.1 79.5 95.6 92.4 91.7 97.1
(, pH )
81.1 94.5 91.9 90.2 97.1 80.5 96.3 92.4 90.3 97.1 85.3 89.0 89.7 84.1 97.1
85.3 94.0 91.1 84.1 97.1 81.4 96.0 96.0 89.5 80.0
:, ., 2001
[ 1-30] ()
(, 2011)
7 10 12
- 124( 500 24.8%) ,
- , , ,
-
- 40 -
, ,
: :, , :
: :,
: , ,
, ,
, ,
/
, , , ,
[ 1-31]
, (FGI; Focus Group Interview) ,
- , , ,
() .
- ( )
- , R&D
- , , , , ,
-
- 41 -
(, 2013)
2013 2 3 10 210 30
- (, , R&D, , ), ( , , ), ( , , )
() ( ) , , , (70%), (53.3%), (50%), (36.7%), (20%), (20%), (16.7%) [ 1-12]
[ 1-12] (, %)
- , , , [ 1-32]
- ,
-
-
- 42 -
() 10.0 30.0 26.7 0.0 33.3( ) 3.3 46.7 23.3 3.3 23.3( ) 6.7 43.3 26.7 0.0 23.3 16.7 30.0 10.0 0.0 43.3
6.7 33.3 10.0 0.0 50.0 10.0 26.7 10.0 3.3 50.0 6.7 30.0 20.0 0.0 43.3
6.7 26.7 43.3 10. 13.3R&D 0.0 26.7 30.0 6.7 36.7 0.0 20.0 43.3 6.7 30.0 0.0 26.7 46.7 3.3 23.3 0.0 13.3 50.0 16.7 20.0
3.3 33.3 26.7 10.0 26.7 3.3 40.0 16.7 6.7 33.3 0.0 36.7 13.3 6.7 43.3 / 3.3 33.3 16.7 10.0 36.7
3.3 33.3 16.7 10.0 36.7 / 3.3 30.0 16.7 6.7 43.3 3.3 26.7 20.0 6.7 43.3 3.3 10.0 20.0 10.0 56.7
0.0 13.3 33.3 30.0 23.3 3.3 6.7 26.7 3.3 60.0
0.0 13.3 46.7 20.0 20.0 0.0 13.3 36.7 30.0 20.0/ 0.0 20.0 40.0 6.7 33.3 0.0 13.3 56.7 3.3 26.7
0.0 6.7 33.3 3.3 56.7 0.0 10.0 30.0 3.3 56.7 0.0 6.7 20.0 16.7 56.7 3.3 3.3 26.7 10.0 56.7
3.3 36.7 0.0 10.0 30.0 3.3 33.3 23.3 13.3 26.7
6.7 43.3 20.0 6.7 23.3 6.7 33.3 33.3 3.3 23.3 3.3 46.7 23.3 3.3 23.3 3.3 43.3 26.7 3.3 23.3 3.3 16.7 33.3 0.0 46.7 3.3 26.7 43.3 0.0 26.7 3.3 30.0 33.3 0.0 33.3
6.7 30.0 40.0 3.3 20.0 6.7 20.0 53.3 3.3 16.7
[ 1-32] (%)
(, 2013)
-
- 43 -
- 7,848 2,535 , 13.3~13.4
() , 30.4% [ 1-33]
- / ,
1 2 1 2 1 2 % % % % % %
/ 13 23.2 16 29.1 117 24.5 66 14.8 462 27.7 132 10.4 5 8.9 3 5.5 67 14.0 61 13.7 136 8.1 173 13.7 2 3.6 1 1.8 18 3.8 14 3.1 51 3.1 61 4.8
4 7.1 9 16.4 61 12.8 59 13.3 124 7.4 170 13.4 8 14.3 11 20.0 89 18.6 74 16.6 286 17.1 196 15.5
7 12.5 0 0.0 22 4.6 41 9.2 81 4.9 101 8.0 // 2 3.6 5 9.1 23 4.8 24 5.4 72 4.3 84 6.6
1 1.8 2 3.6 6 1.3 12 2.7 20 1.2 33 2.6 3 5.4 3 5.5 21 4.4 39 8.8 114 6.8 146 11.5
0 0.0 1 1.8 3 0.6 9 2.0 7 0.4 11 0.9 11 19.6 4 7.3 44 9.2 46 10.3 268 16.0 159 12.5
0 0.0 0 0.0 7 1.5 0 0.0 49 2.9 1 0.1 56 100.0 55 100.0 478 100.0 445 100.0 1,670 100.0 1,267 100.0
[ 1-33]
- , ,
- [ 1-34]
- , ,
- 46.8%, 45.7%, 68.6% , [ 1-35]
-
- 44 -
1 2 1 2 1 2 % % % % % %
9 14.5 4 6.6 75 13.9 32 6.0 214 11.1 141 7.8 6 9.7 11 18.0 66 12.2 69 13.0 179 9.3 175 9.6 9 14.5 8 13.1 90 16.7 86 16.2 263 13.6 256 14.1
2 3.2 9 14.8 28 5.2 63 11.8 142 7.4 177 9.7 8 12.9 4 6.6 31 5.7 41 7.7 129 6.7 110 6.1
0 0.0 5 8.2 21 3.9 29 5.5 83 4.3 136 7.5 8 12.9 7 11.5 65 12.0 75 14.1 279 14.5 325 17.9
2 3.2 4 6.6 17 3.1 19 3.6 32 1.7 65 3.6 1 1.6 1 1.6 13 2.4 25 4.7 15 0.8 39 2.1
14 22.6 7 11.5 118 21.9 72 13.5 525 27.2 295 16.2 3 4.8 1 1.6 12 2.2 18 3.4 38 2.0 67 3.7
0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 3 0.6 12 0.6 14 0.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 4 0.7 0 0.0 16 0.8 17 0.9 62 100.0 61 100.0 540 100.0 532 100.0 1927 100.0 1817 100.0
[ 1-34]
1 2 1 2 1 2 % % % % % %
3 4.8 3 9.4 33 6.1 16 6.0 52 2.7 30 5.9 5 8.1 7 21.9 74 13.7 44 16.5 125 6.5 80 15.8
1 1.6 2 6.3 22 4.1 15 5.6 74 3.8 65 12.9 3 4.8 0 0.0 35 6.5 19 7.1 124 6.4 77 15.2
3 4.8 2 6.3 10 1.9 12 4.5 31 1.6 27 5.3 11 17.7 4 12.5 45 8.3 46 17.2 66 3.4 46 9.1
0 0.0 2 6.3 20 3.7 20 7.5 36 1.9 34 6.7 1 1.6 3 9.4 6 1.1 18 6.7 7 0.4 18 3.6 2 3.2 0 0.0 20 3.7 33 12.4 41 2.1 57 11.3
1 1.6 2 6.3 9 1.7 23 8.6 26 1.3 38 7.5 2 3.2 4 12.5 10 1.9 7 2.6 15 0.8 18 3.6
1 1.6 3 9.4 7 1.3 13 4.9 4 0.2 13 2.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.4 1 0.4 6 0.3 2 0.4
29 46.8 0 0.0 247 45.7 0 0.0 1326 68.6 0 0.0 62 100.0 32 100.0 540 100.0 267 100.0 1933 100.0 505 100.0
[ 1-35]
- (12 )
(16.4%), (17.1%), (34.3%)
-
-
- 45 -
(91.5%) , (69.4%), (6.6%), (5.7%)
(, 2013)
(5), (4), (1), (2), (5) 12.12 1
- , , , ,
() , , ,
- () , , ODA
- () (, ) ,
- () , ,
- () , reference . IT
- ( ) , . , MP, FS
-
- 46 -
.
,
() ,
- , IT, BT, NT
- , ,
() Test-Bed
-
-
-
() , ,
- ,
- ,
-
- 47 -
- ,
( ) ,
- ,
- ,
( )
-
- , , ,
- .
-
( )
- , , ,
-
-
-
-
- 48 -
()
- . 100
- , , ,
-
, ,
- ( ) ,
- ( ) , ,
- ( ) (FGI)
- ( ) , , , , , , , ,
-
- 49 -
(11)
(13)
(, , )
, ,
500 124(24.8%)
10 210 30
24 7,848 2,535
, , , , 17
, //
,
, //
, , ,
, (, , ), ,
, , (), (, ), ,
, , , , , 46
, , , ,
7 (39%) FGI(7) 3
2 11 41 5
(8), (10), (5) 4 26
,
[ 1-36]
(2,535) 4
17 ,
-
- 50 -
- () , ,
, , , ,
- , , , ,
- , KWP ,
- ( 1) ,
- ( 2) , ()
- ( 3) (reference) , ,
, ,
-
- 51 -
.
, (Market Trend)
- ,
(Needs) ,
- , KWP
, , KWP
(data mining in-depth interview: IDI) , , , (personal interview)
. ,
, . , , . ,
, , . , ,
-
- 52 -
: 10.15 ~ 12.11 (56)
: ,
: ,
: 6 (, , , , ) (, , ) 40
: , , , KWP ,
:
.
( , )
(6) 2 1 2 6 (2) 2 2 2 6
(3) 2 2 2 6
(27)
9 9 9 27(1) 0 0 1 1(2) 1 1 0 2
(3) 0 2 1 3(3) 1 1 1 3
(4) 1 2 1 4(2) 1 0 1 2
, (3) 1 1 1 3(4) 2 1 1 4
(3) 1 1 1 3(2) 1 0 1 2
(2) 1 1 0 2 16 12 12 40
[ 1-37]
-
- 53 -
- 84% . , 78.9%
[ 1-13]
- , , , ,
(%)1 73.72 68.43 () 47.44 36.85 21.15 21.15 21.15 21.15 21.110 10.5
)
- R&D , ,
-
- 54 -
(%)1 47.41 47.43 42.14 31.65 26.35 26.37 21.17 21.19 15.310 10.5
)
- , , , ,
(%)1 63.21 63.23 42.14 26.35 21.15 15.87 15.8
)
- , , , , ()
(%)1 63.22 57.93 47.44 () 36.85 31.66 26.37 21.18 15.8
)
-
- 55 -
- , ,
(%)1 73.72 57.93 36.84 31.65 26.36 15.87 15.8
)
( 1 ) . , , .
-
A(): 20% .B(): IMF , 10%~20% .C(): 30 , 2 .
-
- ,
-
- 56 -
-
-
- . .
-
A() : .B() : , . , .C() : . , .
- ,
(R&D)
- R&D
A() : .B() : SCI , SCI .C() : , , .D() : .E() : , . , , .
-
- 57 -
-
-
A() : .B() : , .C() : .D() : .E() : , .
-
-
- , .
A() : ..B() : () .C() : , .D() : 5 , .E() : .F() : .G() : .H() : A/S .
- ODA ODA
-
- 58 -
-
-
- ,
A() : 3D.B() :
.C() : .
- (, )
-
KWP
- , KWP . , KWP , ,
- KWP
A() : .B() : KWP, .C() : .D() : () .E() : .F() : .G() : .H() :
-
-
- 59 -
-
- KWP , ,
- ,
- (Key man)
- ,
- ,
, . R&D . .
-
- (KEIT)
- (vague positioning)
-
-
- 60 -
2 ,
2.1 2.1.1
.
1853 ( Veolia) , 150
Veolia, Suez
16300 , 11200 , Veolia, Suez, 3 99%
1996 (World Water Council WWC)
1997 3 (World Water Forum) ,
, ,
-
- 61 -
2.1.2
.
4 , ,
(Berlinwasser), (RWE),
,
(GWP) 13)
2008 GWP . GWP 2015 1 350
GWP NWP
EC
EC 2010 Utilities .
13) , , 2011.4, Vol.16
-
- 62 -
2.1.3
.
New Vision
,
1997 1 1999 (NWP)
2004 2005 (Eenwereld om water)
2010 2020 (Water Valley van dewereld) (Wereldleiders in water)
10
-
-
- showcase,
- ()
-
-
-
-
- 63 -
-
- ,
2005 Water Act 2009 Water Act
-
6
- , , , , ,
2009 Water Act
- , ( )
Waternet
-
- 2 (2003 2006)
- 2007 (Minister of International Water Association)
- DBFO WTPs WWTPs PPPP
-
- 64 -
2.1.4
.
Ofwat(Office of Water Service) ,
EU
, , 3
EU
(England) (Wales)
- 1999
-
- , , ,
-
-
- 16.5 13.6
- Cave Review ( 150, 11)
-
-
-
- 65 -
2.1.5
.
114
1
91%, 9%
6.6 , US,
, , ,
1970 1972 Clean Water Act
1974 Safe Drinking Water Act
- 1987 , Clean Water State Revolving Fund , 700
-
- 1997 , Drinking Water State Revolving Fund , 1 1,900
2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act(ARRA)
- 56
-
- 66 -
Clean Water State Revolving Fund: 38
Drinking Water State Revolving Fund: 18
- ARRA
- 2010 1 45
2010-2011
1/3 20%
EPA 60
Clean Water Trust Fund
- Clean Water State Revolving Fund
2.2 2.2.1
. : NSF/ANSI 61
- NSF 3
- NSF 3 NSF
-
- 67 -
NSF (EPA) (WHO) ,
- NSF International , NSF , , . NSF International , , , , ,
- NSF , 88 , . NSF , , , , 80
- NSF International( ) NSF 61
- State Drinking Water Agencies Municipal and Distribution Products State or Local Plumbing Codes Water Distribution Systems Plumbing Codes NSF/ANSI 61 45 NSF/ANSI 61
- NSF/ANSI 61 6 Category (Conditioning)
1) Plastic materials, plastic and metal pipe and related products(ex) fittings, tanks, pipe etc.
2) Protective materials (ex) coatings, linings, liners, cement, cement ad-mixtures, etc.
3) Joining and sealing materials (ex) adhesives, lubricants, elastomers, etc.
-
- 68 -
4) Process media (ex) carbon, sand, ion exchange resin, etc.
5) Treatment/transmission/distribution devices(ex) valves, pumps, filters, chlorinators, etc.
6) End-point devices (ex) faucets, end-point control valves, etc.
NSF International
( , , , , - ) NSF International
NSF International NSF International
NSF International NSF
NSF International
: NSF ( ) . NSF , NSF ,
: NSF . 1,
-
- 69 -
2.2.2
. : JWWA Mark
. , . . (JWWA) .
9 . 2~3
, , , ,
,
ISO 2859
1 4 1
-
- 70 -
2.2.3
EU , EU [ - (National Acceptance Scheme - Construction Product in Contact with Drinking Water)] . ( ) , (EU) [ 2-1]
VGW
+ BELGAQUA ,
+, ;,
- (EN,NKB)- DS ()- ()
ETA-DKDS, DEPA , , , ,
+ ,
(NKB)+ ,
+CRECEP, ParisLHRP, NancyInstitut, Lille
+ ,
DVGW + , - - + NIEH + ,
- - - - - -
- - + Kiwa N.V. + ,
- (NKB)- ()
NIPH,
PZH + ;,
- -
NIPH RS + ;,
- - (EN,NKB) SITAC , , + BAG , , ,
- - CPP
WRAS,,
[ 2-1] EU
-
- 71 -
EU EU EC DWD(Drinking Water Directive)7 . EC DWD . , , EC .
2.2.4
. : DVGW(Deutsche Vereingung Des Gas-und Wasserfaces e.V.)
DVGW 1859 , water products installations EU Directives DVGW DIN-DVGW . 1967 DVGW (Regelwork) 4 DVGW . DVGW (DVGW-Regelwerk)
2.2.5 4
. : NKB
4 , , , 4 (Nordic Council) . NKB(Nordic
-
- 72 -
Committee on Building Regulations) 1986 7 1
NKB PRODUCT RULES 4 [Product rules for sanitary taps for hot and cold water supply systems] (Pb, Cd) . Health Properties
2.2.6
. : WRAS
WRAS WRAS , WRAS Water Supply & Fittings
WRAS WRAS
, (The Water Supply/Water Fittings Regulations 1999 and Byelaws, Scotland) , Water Regulations Advisory Scheme (WRAS)
(Water Suppliers), WRAS Water Suppliers
, Water Suppliers . 5, Water Fittings and Materials Directory
-
- 73 -
UKAS (United Kingdom Accreditation Service) WRc Evaluation and Testing Center Ltd. , WRc Water Quality Center 4
BS 6920 ' , ' . ,
2.2.7
. : WaterMark()
WaterMark , , . WaterMark , WaterMark .
WaterMark , () ( )
WaterMark Standards Australia WaterMark , Standard Australia .
WaterMark 8 WaterMark .
-
- 74 -
2.3 2.3.1
.
2011 4,900 (CAGR) 4.1% 2013 5,331 , 2015 5,797 14)
GDP , , GDP
( ) (%)1 1,238.8 (36.8)2 705.8 (21.0)3 255.3 (7.6)4 202.3 (6.0)5 167.5 (5.0)
: ENR 2012 The Top 200 International Desing Firms-The Top 200 list
[ 2-2] 5
AECOM Technology, MWH, CH2M HILL Tetra Tech 36.8% 21.0%
1 ARCADIS NV 3 8,200
( ) 5 4 10 9
14) ENR(Engineering News-Record), 2012 Global Source Book
-
- 75 -
( )1 ARCADIS NV 382.02 AECOM TECHNOLOGY CORP. 269.43 GRONTMIJ NV 231.94 MWH GLOBAL 219.05 CH2M HILL 166.36 TETRA TECH INC. 150.07 MOTT MACDONALD GROUP LTD. 94.18 ATKINS 81.19 SMEC 75.710 BLACK & VEATCH 73.4
: ENR 2012 The Global Sourcebook-Top International Design Firms
[ 2-3] 10
.
( ) 2012 3,635 147 3,479 4%, 96%
2012 1,113 2010 24% , 2,158 601 (2010 22% )
2012 (,,) 1,976 3,635 54%
2012 786
( ) 46,544 5,414, 41,032 11%, 89%
2010 70,628 34% 4,556(10%), 911(2%), 2,361(5%) 7,828(17%)
50 11,921 26%
2010 51,971 2012 28,235 23,736(46%)
2,683 228, 55, 128 411(15%)
-
- 76 -
( ) (O&M), ,
() 10 3 [ 2-4]
2010 2011 2012
()
()
()
()
()
()
1 () 376 183,052()
371 182,292
394 200,743
2 () 246 151,289 220 123,477 278 133,494
3 () 207 136,955 205 107,616 197 86,211
4 () 147 125,254 215 93,292 206 90,857
5 () 152 106,784 169 79,506 161 88,390
6 () 183 101,095 259 79,157 175 72,191
7 () 231 87,366 195 28,161 129 72,137
8 () 152 73,801 102 65,095
168 67,649
9 () 112 73,233 188 63,290 160 60,247
10 () 70 67,219 126 58,827 175 54,998
: ,
[ 2-4] 3
() 10 [ 2-5]
-
- 77 -
()
()
()2001 2,001 258,122 4 3,562 257 2,005 261,683 2002 2,195 256,321 - - 287 2,195 256,321 2003 2,543 382,067 - - 322 2,543 382,067 2004 2,606 373,489 1 92 345 2,607 373,581 2005 2,641 414,573 2 1,838 325 2,643 416,412 2006 3,090 558,640 - - 395 3,090 558,640 2007 2,415 483,070 4 1,310 338 2,419 484,380 2008 3,056 487,640 6 63,319 390 3,062 550,959 2009 3,421 653,489 15 14,154 391 3,436 667,643 2010 2,786 454,473 19 13,861 387 2,805 468,334 2011 3,328 479,817 21 22,508 401 3,349 502,325
: ,
[ 2-5]
[ 2-1] 10
( ) , [ 2-6]
(: )
2011 2012
479,725 22,508 502,325 518,676 22,725 541,401 397,817 5,285 402,311 406,764 5,499 412,264 215,244 4,633 219,877 223,717 4,633 228,350
877,542 27,793 904,636 925,440 28,224 953,665: 2012()
[ 2-6] 2
-
- 78 -
.
ENR 255 (55) (69), (110), (124), (148), (149)
90% . 0.2% .
.
,
, , (O&M)
, (Water Trauma)
-
- 79 -
, ,
2.3.2 ,
.
- 2013 8,600 (2012 7.4% )
2017 5.9%(2005 ) 5.0%
,
[ 2-2]
2013 237 , 2018 300
97.4 , 79.3 , 60
58 , 50 , 23 , 13
-
- 80 -
2017 313 , 2017 77
2013 320 , 2018 406
2013 121 , 101 , 98
,
2013 121 2018 168 2013 40%
2013 71 , 55 , 34 , 16
[ 2-3] (GWI, 2014)
- 2013 3,091 , 55%
1,875 , 1,216
-
- 81 -
, , 1,386 (45%)
[ 2-4]
,
,
, ,
2013 338 , 2016 452
-
- 82 -
$616 , , 35.7% 25.1%
( )
[ 2-5]
-
- 83 -
$1,089 2
,
- , $244 ,
-
[ 2-6]
-
- 84 -
.
[ 2-7]
() Acciona Agua 2012 $656
Abengoa 2012 $320
ACS Cobra Tedagua/Drace
Cobra and Tedagua 2011 $1,946Drace 2011 $5,135
AECOM 2012 $919
Aqualia 2012 $11.2
Beijing Enterprises Water Group 2012 $176
Biwater 2012 $122.5
Black & Veatch 2012 $787
CH2M Hill 2011 $15
Degrmont 2012 $80
GS 2011 $841.3
Hyflux 2012 $465.7
Keppel Seghers 2010 74
Metito 2010 $350
Odebrecht Infraestrutura 2012 $300
Ranhill Utilities Bhd 2012 $236
Salcon Bhd 2011 $153.9
2011 $400
United Engineers 2012 $82
VA Tech Wabag 2012 $266.3
Veolia Water Solutions andTechnologies 2012 $49
Waterleau 2011 $97: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-7]
- , , ,
-
- 85 -
- CH2MHILL EPC Value Chain 90% , 70%
- AECOM Technology KMK consulting Earth Tech
- GE M&A Total Solution . 1999 Glegg (BetzDearborn( ), OSMONICS( ), IONICS(), ZENON( ))
- GS: GS ,
- , (RO), ,
- RO() 10 () (Inima OHL)
- : FM(), (), , (), ( ) , ,
- : , , , (R&D)
- LG: LG, LG (HE) LG LG (HA)
- 2020 7 10
-
- 86 -
10 5,000
- : ( ) (), ( ), ( )
- 2007 511, 2008 645, 2009 1,205 47.8%) 2012 1,547
, , , SK
- : 2010 3 (R&D)
- SK: 2010 25%
- :
M&A
- : 2005 AES 60 ,
- 2008 (Carollo)
- : 2011 2 (Invest AD), (United Utilities) (Ministry of Works : MoW) 55
.
80 40% , 10%
45%
-
- 87 -
[ 2-7] (, 2013)
2011~2012 , , ODA , , , , , ,
2009 15),
(: )
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 34.7 219.7 12.9 455.0 378.9 1,101.2 15.4% 437.6 284.9 36.9 624.2 1.3 1,384.9 19.3%
163.6 311.6 235.5 22.6 3.0 736.3 10.3% 1,330.4 0.0 1,459.6 132.6 1,022.7 3,945.3 55.0%
1,966.4 816.2 1,744.9 1,234.5 1,405.8 7167.8 100.0%:
[ 2-8] 5 (, , )
15) Industry Report, KB, 2010
-
- 88 -
.
- EC EC
-
- 100
-
- 5%
- 15% ,
2.3.3
.
19
-
- 89 -
(Locked bar) 1900 1930 ,
PVC, HDPE, GRP,
75~100 (RCP), , GRP
PVC HDPE HDPE( ) , 60% PVC
190 (2013 ), ,
65%, 77%
6% 2018 258
[ 2-8] (GWI, 2014)
Saudi Amiantit
-
- 90 -
Saint Gobain PAM $13 GF Piping Systems $14(2012)Future Pipe Industries GRP $10 Performance Pipe(Chevron Phillips Chemical)
PE $16
Borealis/Borouge PE $15 (2012 = $96)
Mexichem/Wavin $17 Wienerberger Pipelife
29 $10
Mueller Water Products US Pipe $4
Saudi Amiantit GRP $8
Aliaxis Belgian PVC PE 29(2011)
: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-9]
.
,
118 (2013 ), (, ) 33%
2013 40
21 , 18
-
- 91 -
14.5 ,
[ 2-9] (GWI, 2014)
2018 6% , 158
( 7%), 19%
(: ) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 1,531.4 1,628.0 1,700.7 1,762.7 1,876.5 2,018.5 2,149.8 2,300.3 1,907.7 2,048.0 2,122.7 2,219.4 2,303.6 2,465.2 2,648.5 2,854.6
1,491.0 1,504.8 1,481.8 1,396.9 1,281.1 1,300.0 1,393.5 1,535.0 349.6 310.1 486.1 641.2 900.0 1,076.2 945.6 1,198.0 1,176.9 1,202.6 1,276.6 1,333.9 1,411.3 1,492.8 1,583.6 1,681.0 1,734.7 1,736.7 1,812.7 1,921.0 2,007.3 2,095.4 2,216.9 2,375.0 1,185.5 1,349.0 1,479.8 1,472.1 1,544.6 1,620.6 1,770.1 1,909.2
1,312.8 1,369.1 1,450.4 1,504.6 1,585.4 1,689.6 1,779.1 1,939.4 10,689.6 11,148.1 11,810.7 12,251.9 12,909.9 13,758.3 14,487.2 15,792.5
: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-10]
-
- 92 -
[ 2-10] (, )
(13 )
2012 2013
( )
(%)
( )
(%) 1,332,121 -14.4 1,243,790 -6.6
1 202,044 -12.6 207,048 2.52 168,269 -16.8 193,817 15.23 70,385 -26.5 102,926 46.24 137,651 -11.8 78,389 -43.15 88,843 25.8 56,008 -37.06 20,076 -66.4 41,597 107.27 71,027 -53.1 39,297 -44.78 39,301 221.6 36,472 -7.29 15,954 -22.4 35,239 120.910 39,812 388.7 33,228 -16.5
: () :
[ 2-11]
(13 )
2012 2013
1,847,003 -4.4 1,866,303 1.01 369,891 16.1 339,683 -8.22 294,452 37.0 316,348 7.43 370,001 -22.9 292,044 -21.14 264,386 717.3 205,508 -22.35 107,149 -69.7 117,926 10.16 44,027 -72.4 107,293 143.77 60,265 5.9 103,112 71.18 102,986 953.2 95,849 -6.99 36,115 29.5 41,469 14.810 25,890 106.4 36,039 39.2
: () , :
[ 2-12]
-
- 93 -
( ) Xylem(), Grundfos(), Sulzer(), Ebara(), Wilo() 2012 12 117 , 40 , 32 , 32 (12.3), 11 (11.12)
Xylem , (12/2012) $1,744
Grundfos / . (12/2012) 3,997
Pentair , (12/2012) $1,360
KSB , , , (12/2011) 1,517
Sulzer , , (12/2012) $3,237
Wilo , (12/2011) 1,075
Ebara : Swing 67% (03/2012) $3,237
Tsurumi, Flowserve, Torishima, Clyde Union, Danfoss - -
: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-13]
( ) , (. ), , 4 ,
- , , , , Grundfos, Wilo
- , ,
-
- 94 -
.
,
- Pentair KSB
2013 80 , 2018 110
- 2013 35 2018 7%
($) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
3,226.8 3,428.7 3,580.9 3,711.1 3,949.9 4,247.6 4,522.6 4,837.9 1,580.4 1,699.7 1,766.5 1,849.7 1,923.5 2,060.6 2,217.0 2,393.1
431.2 435.2 428.6 404.0 370.5 376.0 403.0 443.9 213.9 189.7 297.4 392.3 550.6 658.4 578.5 732.9
743.1 758.4 804.1 839.4 887.0 936.8 992.4 1,052.0 656.3 645.7 670.5 705.6 728.6 754.8 795.7 852.1 419.4 445.4 479.1 495.9 535.2 569.3 614.7 676.8
7,271.1 7,602.9 8,027.0 8,398.0 8,945.4 9,603.4 10,123.9 10,988.8: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-14]
AVK Group $550VAG (Rexnord) Rexnord 150 Talis Tyco Flow Control $400 KSB 386Pentair $23 Kitz $10Flowserve Corporation $16
Velan $441Watts Water Technologies -
: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-15]
-
- 95 -
.
, ,
1,000~1,200 ,
, , 20% , 10%, , 7%, , 5%
15% , , , ,
,
. (Membrane)
,
-
- 96 -
(Microfiltration Membrane : MF), (Ultrafiltration Membrane : UF), (Nanofiltration Membrane : NF), (Reverse Osmosis Membrane : RO)
(MF) (UF) (RO)/(NF) ,
( : 0.01-1.0)
(: 0.001-0.01)
(: 0.0001-0.001)
(:
-
- 97 -
(: ) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
MF/UF- 111.3 107.1 129.6 150.1 181.6 204.4 195.3 228.7MF/UF 54.9 66.7 80.0 97.1 121.0 142.2 160.4 183.6RO/NF 490.8 453.0 632.4 791.1 1,051.3 1,231.4 1,114.5 1,373.0RO/NF 231.0 254.2 295.1 320.3 360.3 406.6 476.6 576.1MF/UF 13.3 13.9 16.8 19.8 24.2 27.7 28.5 33.0RO/NF 158.8 155.6 204.0 244.5 310.6 360.4 350.0 428.8
1,060.1 1,050.5 1,357.9 1,623.0 2,048.9 2,372.7 2,325.3 2,823.1: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-16]
Dow(), Toray(), Nitto Denko() 3 , GE, , Koch Membrane Systems 10%
MF/UF GE, Simens, Asahi Kasei, NF Dow FilmTec, Nitto Denko, Toray
RO Dow Chemical 38% Nitto Denko, Toray 10%
RO Suez, IDE, Acciona
NanoH2O RO 110,000 m3/ Palmachim
.
, , ,
,
-
- 98 -
, ,
, , ,
/ ,
15 7 (47%), 6 (40%)
[ 2-12] (GWI, 2014)
[ 2-13] (GWI, 2014)
-
- 99 -
(: )2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
639.8 668.0 699.8 723.0 756.9 785.4 815.7 852.7 113.7 122.1 137.5 145.5 161.6 174.2 188.4 208.9 552.1 577.5 607.1 631.0 661.0 690.2 722.8 762.9
37.3 40.0 44.2 46.4 50.6 53.9 57.6 62.8 1,342.9 1,407.5 1,488.5 1,545.8 1,630.2 1,703.7 1,784.5 1,887.3
: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-17]
,
Dow Rohm & Haas Dow $350
Purolite(Bro-Tech) $230
Lanxess Bayer AG $160Mitsubishi $110
Thermax, Ion Exchange India, Orica, Samyang, Eichrom, Finex, Jiangsu Suqing, Taiyuan -
: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-18]
300
: ( 30%)16)
- 2015 1,000 , 20,000
- 1,000 500
16) () , 2014.8.11
-
- 100 -
.
(Chlorine) , ,
, ,
[ 2-14] (GWI, 2014)
-
- 101 -
(: )2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
1,264.2 1,275.9 1,342.1 1,401.7 1,471.6 1,538.4 1,598.7 1,693.8 847.0 859.1 928.3 992.9 1,070.7 1,147.7 1,219.4 1,335.7
222.0 224.8 240.7 255.5 273.1 290.4 306.3 332.0 80.0 81.0 87.1 92.6 99.3 105.9 112.0 121.8 2,413.2 2,440.8 2,598.2 2,742.7 2,914.7 3,082.3 3,236.4 3,483.4
: Global Water Market 2014, GWI
[ 2-19]
,
: Wedeco, Trojan UV, Ozonia 3
- Wedeco 40% Trojan UV 30%, Ozonia 5~10%
- : Wedeco, Ozonia, GE, Fuji ProMinent
- : , , Severn Trent Services, Siemens, ProMinent
.
1970 1990
-
- 102 -
90 C ,
, , ,
2009 1 6,000 17)
2010 , 2009 50.9% 2013 57.2%
- , ,
- , , , , ,
(: ) 2007 2008 2009 2010
977,029 1,044,130 1,119,613 1,230,245 9.88%) 1. (), (), (), (), (), (), (), ()
. 2. (), ()- : ,
[ 2-20]
2010 1
, ,
17) (2010.2.16.)
-
- 103 -
[ 2-15] (IBK )
,
: l , ,
: 2003 2
: 2010 1 , 1 ,
: , ,
LG: OEM 2011
2011
3
,
-
- 104 -
, , , , ,
,
, , 2011
LG 3 ,
.
1969
, ,
, , 2013 TV, , IPTV, DMB
PC(18.9) (Pet)
PC 59%, 41%
-
- 105 -
PC 10%
5
(Bottled Water, ) 1,573 (2013 ) 18)
6,000(2012 ) 10% 19)
100 , 80%
'' 1 50%
20% 2, (PB) 7~8%
1 2 ,
- 1970~1980 , 1997 ,
- , 100
- 2000 7 20) ,
18) Bottled Water Market, Transparency Market Research, 2014
19) , 2012.12.12
20)
.
-
- 106 -
- 80
- 5(, , F&B, , ) 60% , 10
- 1,000
- ,
- 50% 300 21)
- 12 , , ,
- ,
21) , 2014.8.26
-
- 107 -
3
3.1 3.1.1 , , ,
.
()
60 () 22), 1990 , 23) . .
() () 24), 25)
- (1980 , 4) (1994 , 3)
22) 1970 () , (
) , () 3
. 80 () ,
EPA
23) 24) 1992 UN (Water Principal) 2001
. 21
25) ,
-
- 108 -
- , , , (Water body)
- () , , , () () ()
- 2014 35,021, (26,621) 49.2% . 64.7% . 1980 () , ,
- , , ()
- , ,
- 70~80 ()
- , 4 , , .
-
- 109 -
-
- (: ) . . --
- ( ) . (1948) (, 1955) () (--) . 19, 20 .26) 27)
- (1962~ 4)28) , (1984~1994 ) (2003) (1963~1991)
- () , ,
- 1960~80 ()
26) ( )
.
.
27) () ()
20
28)http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/organ/searchResult.do?page=2&orgName=%EC%88%98%EC%9E%90%EC%9B%90%EA%B5%AD&howMatch=A&inLowOrgan=N
-
- 110 -
- 20.9 11.4% 2.4 .
- (K-Water) . K-Water ( ) K-Water
- ( ) (1948) () , ()
- () 255 m3 62% 159 m3 . (recycle ratio)29) 30) , () 31)
- 17,212 20.6 % . 62%
- , ( ) . ()
29) () () . .
30) , 60% , .
31) 1958 ,
-
- 111 -
- ,
- , , () 32) . ,
- , . 2011 1 8 2012 1 2 . , ,
-
-
- ()
- () . -, , ()
- (), () () ,
32) 10
-
- 112 -
- () () () , 33) 34).
- , () () , , , 21
- () .
- 35)(: K-Water, )
- R&D 4
- R&D
[ 3-1] 4 (2014 ) , [ 3-2] [ 3-1]
2014 8.18 ,
33)
34)
35)
-
- 113 -
, ,
. . .
. , ,
-
- 114 -
*
,
,
,
, (, , , )
TMS
,
()
**
4,
4
(algae)
35,021 23,830 17,212 3,644 * 2,093* , . 12 **
[ 3-1] 4 (2014 , )
-
- 115 -
[ 3-2] [ 3-1] 5 , 1/3
() /
(%)
54,121 35,021 64.7(%) 37.6
209,116 23,830 11.4(%) 25.6 83,548 * 17,212 20.6(%) 18.5
403,538
** 3,644 0.90(%) 3.9
*** 11,430 2.8(%) 12.3
8,725 **** 2,093 24.0(%) 2.2 81,800 100 * : , , ** *** ,
(2013, 3,447, 7,953)**** -
[ 3-2] 5
[ 3-1] 5 (2014 )
, () () . ()
-
- 116 -
() - . , NGO (Human Networking)
[ 3-3] () () , () () () .
(/) 1 1 7 114 307 1 5 45 530 2* 17 1,012 - ** 4 3,769
- ** 4 523 190 431
* () 11 ( ) 12 1/2 **
[ 3-3]
(Human Network) . 36)
5 , . 8 ,
. IWA(, International Water Association) AWWA(
36) 2008 () . ,
-
- 117 -
; American Water Works Association), WEF(; Water Environment Federation) JSWA(; Japan Sewage Works Assocaition), DWA(, Deutsche Vereinigung fr Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e.V.) , World Bank UN ,
IWA 2012 Busan WWC(, World Water Congress), 2013 () 2015 WWF(, World Water Forum) () () (Global Network)
(KWWA) (Water Korea, 12) , 37)
. ()
Singapore Water Week, Water Week, Aquatech, WEFTEC 38)
(Water Cycle) , .
37) 2012 IWA WWC , 2015 WWF -
. Water Korea
38) Water Korea
,
-
- 118 -
. , ,
,
() . .
. , .
[ 3-4] 39). ( ) 2014 7,764 24% . K-Water 70% . K-Water ,
39) ,
(K-Water) 5,432 4,308 *1,124
() (KECO) 1,869 271 **92
() (KEITI) 432 193 **236
R&D
[ 3-4]
-
- 119 -
-
- (Development Institute) ()
-
(NIRI):
(NIER) 810 192 78
() (KAIA)*** 109 12 1 R&D
() 6,597 167 50
151 49 14 R&D
KDI-PIMAC 105 74 31 -
() 285 25 8
(KIST) 1,208 43 10
(KEI) 298 28 3
(KICT) 1,093 192 78
**** 398 34 33
260 14 4
***** 68 15 5
***** 803 136 36
70 52 14 -***** 230 110 30
2 2 0 20,220 5,917 1,847 -
@ 7,764 - . ,
* : ** 2013 () *** ()**** - : ,,, , /: ****** @
-
- 120 -
(KEITI): -- R&D , R&D R&D . (KRF) KEITI R&D , KEITI --- R&D
-
(KAIA): KEITI , R&D R&D
-
(KEI): , .
(KIST): (1966 ). ( )
(KICT): (KEI ), . KIST R&D KIST
-
- 121 -
(, Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements, KRIHS): 1978 .
- () . 3 162 , , KIST, R&D . , () .
[ 3-5] .
- () , . .
- ,
- 5 20%
- , ,
21,311 pool. , .
1,722 3,263 4,324 79 2,950 12,338 372 4,202 1,042 - 377 5,993
* 148 2,610 102 - 133 2,993 2,240 10,066 5,467 79 3,459 21,311
* K-Water K-Water
[ 3-5] (, , 2013)
-
- 122 -
. K-Water . .
() K-Water, KECO, 3 , 5.7(2014) [ 3-6] , 1/2 , () (, ) ()
()
()(/) 100 (%)
(+)
(/)
16,126 *
14,238 88.3(%) 24.9 363 39.2
33,719 ()**
33,719 100.0(%) 58.9 5,432 6.2
34,496 9,250 26.8(%) 16.2 217 42.6
57,207 100 6,012 29.4 ()
* : (3,931 ), (9,467 ), (640 ), (199 )** (15,659 ), ()(3,364 ), ( )(3,915 ): ,
[ 3-6] 3 (2014)
, 1 1 40 1 6.2 .
-
- 123 -
. , . , , , () 3~4 ()
[ 3-7] 6.9% 1 (+++) 143,710/ . , (130,079/) 1 (229,851/)
()
()
()
(%)
1
(/)
()
213,685 10,195,318 11,614 1,648 13,262 6.2 130,079 84,824 3,538,484 4,210 564 4,774 5.6 134,917 56,438 2,505,644 3,560 73 3,633 6.4 144,993 68,423 2,843,981 3,600 240 3,840 5.6 135,022 34,088 1,469,216 2,774 263 3,037 8.9 206,709 30,365 1,524,583 1,729 237 1,966 6.5 128,953 25,725 1,147,256 1,948 188 2,136 8.3 186,183 2,070 113,117 196 64 260 12.6 229,851 162,052 12,093,299 5,738 3,897 9,635 5.9 79,673 36,526 1,538,630 2,723 1,228 3,951 10.8 256,756 32,267 1,565,628 1,456 N/D* 1,456 4.5 92,988 47,781 2,028,777 3,513 189 3,702 7.7 182,458 45,846 1,873,341 2,251 1,512 3,763 8.2 200,855 61,221 1,909,618 3,362 665 4,027 6.6 210,878 65,997 2,698,353 4,877 483 5,359 8.1 198,620 65,402 3,319,314 2,949 3,141 6,089 9.3 183,456 31,568 583,713 2,276 52** 2,328 7.4 398,800 1,064,277 50,948,272 58,774 14,443 73,218 ***6.9 ***143,710
* N/D= No data ** /--, *** (: -, 2012)
[ 3-7] 1
-
- 124 -
2014 7,714 5,717 K-Water . K-Water ( ) () , . K-Water . K-Water 40)
, , , , , 7,764 70% 5,342() K-Water
,
35,000(2000) , .
. , ,
(KWP) , K-Water, . - (Public Human Network) ,
, (, , , )
40) 10 20% , K-Water 4
-
- 125 -
3.1.2 ,
.
(Private commercial activity) () . . ()
41)( general contractor ), (electronic sub assembly), , ,
. () .
, , . . (pump), (pipe), , , . (bottled water)
()
(Engineering)
[ 3-8] () ()
41) Gene Con Vendor
-
- 126 -
5% (Planning), (Initial Proposal), (Preliminary design), (Detail design), (Construction management)42)
(Retrofit)(Upgrading) () () [ 3-8] 2006 2012 . () ,
()
**(/)
2006 *3,783 *3,638 1.04 (2007) 2012 5,023 2,683 1.87 (2014)
* 15 **
[ 3-8]
,
- (1970~2000 ) () ()
- () (, EU )
- . 2012 (1.87/)
- , () () ()
42) 2014 ()
-
- 127 -
. (dam), (dike) (Water treatment plant), (piping system), (Wastewater treatment plant), (sanitary & storm sewer), (NPS) , (reclamation) (Reuse) (Desalination plant) 20
10 43) [ 3-9]
1 P T/K, SOC 15
, PJT
2 G T/K, SOC 31(T/K 11, SOC 20)
,
3 D T/K, SOC, 12
4 D T/K, SOC 11
.
5 H T/K, SOC 6
6 S , 4
PJT
7 K T/K, SOC, 13
8 H T/K, SOC 6
9 K T/K, SOC 12
2
10 T T/K, SOC 13
10
123*(2015. 2. )
1. 1/10 2. .
* (general contractor) . . 1 , 20 (2014 ), 25 .
[ 3-9] 10 ()
43) , Personal communication, 2015.
-
- 128 -
. , GS, , , ( ) (), . . , . general contractor ,
10 123(2015 2) 2000 2,000 1/10 . , (TK, Design Build) () ,
, , ()44) () . .
1 2 . , , , , , , , () () , (Ballast water) ()45)
44) () . ,
,
. ,
.
45) , IT, BT .
-
- 129 -
. ( ) , , ()
. (end-user) . A , 20%, 30%, 50% 30% . . () 46)
(O/M: Operation and Maintenance) . O/M , , , , (: outsourcing) ()
, , . () ,
[ 3-2] 47) /
46) (, , , )
.
. GWI .
47) : 36 , , 2014
-
- 130 -
. [ 3-3] ( W&E, TSK Water, LG- )
2011 12 49,201 5,269m3/ 3,515m3/
(): 2013 48) 162, 6, 1,009
[ 3-2] (13 )
[ 3-3] (13 )
48) 2014
-
- 131 -
(): [ 3-10] . ( 17)
54,000 , . 1, 2, 3 . ( )
1 2 3 4 5 > 2000 700 ~ 2,000 200 ~ 700 50 ~ 200 < 50 -
358 536 1,273 2,375 44,659 46,980 2,506 1,608 2,546 2,375 **44,659 53,694
* . ** 5
[ 3-10] *
- 2006 49) 0.97 8% 2014 2
- OECD (++ ) 25% , .
- , , LG , POSCO
- 50)
49) 2007
50) (Toxicity Unit)
. , -LG
-
- 132 -
[ 3-11] . 93,030, 1/3 , . , . 35,800 20,800
. , US Census Bureau51) Dept. of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics52) .
5,000 20,000 . . (marketing: )
51) http://www.census.gov/manufacturing/asm/index.html
52) http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/environmental-engineers.htm
() (E: Engineering) 98 3,257 --
(C: Construction) 127 2,226 (2012)
/(O/M: Operation & Maintenance)
46,980 *15,000 * 53,694 4 15,000
** 3 60% .
** 317 2,993 23 266 6 152 76 ***200 73 754
19,365
[ 3-11] (2014 )
-
- 133 -
[ 3-4] , ( + ) . ,
[ 3-4]
*** 1,184 1/5 ( )
(P: Production)
1,632 10,000
, ,
2014
22,208
(Bottled water) 39 1,005
6 80%
49,371 35,853 -: ,2012 (),2012 ,2012
-
- 134 -
. (B2B) , ,
()
, (; definition) . : : , , . 53)
, 5,500 . 6 26% , 2010 . ()
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.
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-
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. , , fashion .
. () .
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(Academic society) (Academy) ,
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.
56) 2008 14
.
-
- 136 -
. ,
. WWF (World Water Forum)
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(, )
-
: 1967 .
: 1969 ( ) ,
: 1978 --
: 1985 , , IWA() .
: 1986
: 1986 , Alage
: 1996 . 1960 (Limnology)
: 1996
57) IWA KNC Chair(2007-2013), WEF KMA(2013-)
-
- 137 -
: 1999
: 2000 (1994) (1996)
: 2004 , ,
-
: 1972
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WEF Korean Member Association (KWEA, ): WEF(Water Environment Federation) 1970
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-
: ,
-
-
-
-
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-
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.
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-
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, 4 . 58)
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, [ 3-12]
2005 2010 2000
2005( )2008( - ) 2014 ( )
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--
8
4
-
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[ 3-12] , ,
1990 ODA . ODA --
58) . EPA
-
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.
(KOICA: Korea International Cooperation Agency)
, , 1991
(OECD) (Official Development Assistance: ODA)
(ODA) , [ 3-5]
[ 3-5] ODA
2009 11 25 OECD (DAC) . 1977 110$ , 1982 (KDI) . 1987 300 (EDCF) ,
-
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,
, , , , , , , , , NGO, ,
(ODA) 2012 7.15 (ODA) 60.4% , 121 14 , 46.9% , , , 3 57.7% [ 3-6]
[ 3-6] KOICA
KOICA ODA 2008 8.0% 2012 10.0% 1.67 . 2011~2012 (East Asia Climate Partnership: EACP) ODA . 2013 EACP 3.6 %
-
- 142 -
(Economic Development Cooperation Fund)
(EDCF: Economic Development Cooperation Fund) EDCF , EDCF [ 3-7]
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[ 3-7] EDCF
EDCF , EDCF ,
, , , , , ,
EDCF 1987 ,
2013 52 311 10 1,521 , 4 4,363. , . , , IT
-
- 143 -
2013 EDCF ( ) 1 2,794 29% , ODA 20%
3.1.2
. KOICA
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EACP 5 , EACP 5 , , 3 [ 3-13]
() () Yarmag ( ) 2011~2014 290 ( )
2011~2013 248
( ) 2011~2015
800(EDCF: 500
)
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KOCIA , , . , , , [ 3-14]
() () [DEEP] 2012~2014
25(250)
[DEEP] 2012~2014
30(300)
2011~2013 30(300)
[DEEP] 2013~2014
25(250)
[DEEP] 2013~2014
30(300)
*DEEP: Development Experience Exchange Partnership (KOICA )
[ 3-14] KOICA
-
- 144 -
. EDCF
K-water 59) 4, 2 , 2007 2012 2
K-water 1994 2005 28 , 10 [ 3-15]
() () 06.1207.03 1.5 07.0907.12 0.2 08.1009.04 1.3 / 09.03~09.08 4.6 11.04~11.06 0.5 07.05~12.09 23 , F/S 13.02~13.03 0.2
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. 60)
, , . [ 3-16]
PF
-
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PF
[ 3-16]
59) , EDCF
60) ()
-
- 145 -
, - (PPEP, Public Private Environment Partnership)
KOICA [ 3-17]
2014 6 1032013 GIZ , , 11 1462012 EACP 9 1342011 7 1012010 CIS - 6 952009 ASEAN 6 832008 7 96 2007 4 612006 3 382005 3 3 422004 3 452003 2 3 482002 1 1 19
[ 3-17]
.
2005 Veolia, Suez, American Water . 10 . [ 3-18] 2010
() ,
() .
-
- 146 -
() . , ()
ASE (60, 2005): (1,360, 2007): 15 40% 1
2008 (), (), (), (
)
( , 2015 2 ) (2007) 20% FM(), (), .
(), ( )
(2001): (500, 2007) /
BRH, 2010. 1 2
ENR 200 79 (2007) 36,575 (2009)
ENR* 225 23 (2009) (6,220 , 2009) (1,028 , 2009) 3 (2,248 , 2009) , 83 LG 2020 7 10 10 5,000
GS 2009 (RO)
2010.7 2009.6 () SK 2010 25%
2020 2,000 (2010.9)
[ 3-18] 2010
-
- 147 -
, , . , () [ 3-19]
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 60.3 131.7 118.5 169.0 111.3 212.7 980.4 745.6 544.9 55.3 1093.5 421.5 184.8
58.7 70.3 14.6 26.1 108.5 76.2 893.6 19.2 219.7 12.9 455.0 378.9 24.5 1.6 58.5 23.3 22.2 2.8 91.4 15.1 562.7 312.4 36.9 624.2 12.6 39.6
0.0 2.9 80.6 120.7 0.0 45.1 71.7 163.6 12.8 5.5 14.3 30.0 120.6
802.0 0.0 37.2 843.8 257.3 848.8 1,955.8 1,330.4 0.0 1,459.6 132.6 1081.2 215.4
0.0 0.0 203.2 0.0 0.0 38.5 25.2 25.2 46.1 110.1 93.6 348.0 16.9* 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.8 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.1 8.9 14.3 8.6 14.4
()862.4 131.7 358.7 1,012.9 369.4 1,103 2,964.2 2,272.4 594.1 1,633.9 1334.3 1859.3 431.4
: , , * =
[ 3-19]
[ 3-20] , , , -
()
2005
3 (Sabiya Stage 3 Desalination Project)
260,868 40% 30% 10%
IWPP 2 (Ras Laffan IWPP Ph-II Desalination Plant))
266.534 100%
U.A.E L- 2 (Jebel Ali Power and Desalination Station L Phase 2)
676,831 70% 13% 0
2006
848,705 100%
2007
-RO 182,200 64% 14% 12%
U.A.E M 1,689,080
87% 5% 5% 3%
2/ 515,100 44%
[ 3-20]
-
- 148 -
: 5 8 ,
: ODA , . , KOICA, EDCF ODA () JAICA - . ODA
(Barka Ph.2/Rusail IWPP PJ)
33% 12% 11%
(Marafiq IWPP) 1,063,056 47% 23% 30%
(Shuaiba North Co- Genration (Power & Desalination )
710,559 100%
2008
RO 3 (Jeddah RO phase 3 Project) 196,278 34% 30% 30%
/ (Oman Sohar Power&Desalination Project)
407,852 76% 12% 5%
324,257 100%
2009
IWPP 2 (Ras Laffan IWPP Ph-2 Deaslination) 288,800
100% 14% 12% 10%
GC-15 Desalter Train (Upgrading of Distillation Station)
66,269 100%
2010
(Ras Az Zawr Power and Desalination Phase
1,456,838
65% 20% 10% 5%
-RO(Shuaibah Expansion RO Poject) 184,200
64% 14% 12% 10%
(Life expansion for Shuaiba Shuaiba south power water
66,269 100%
:
-
- 149 -
: K-Water , KECO DR .
(),
(-)
()
(-)
() , , ( 89, 21), ---- .
: . K-Water KECO .
i) ,
ii) ,
iii) , , ,
iv)
,
i) , ,
ii) , , , ,
-
- 150 -
iii) ,
iv) ( ) (Procurement) (ISO, UL, code )
3.3 3.3.1
5 . , 5 82(2014 ) , R&D, ()
, (Water Cycle) (Total Solution)
, ,
5 . GDP 2%
3.3.2.
10 (KOICA ) 143 . KEITI() KECO() ,
-
- 151 -
. K-Water 143 , K-Water 93 [ 3-21]
()
2002
,
100 (2013)
74 3
2013
,
- 10 Green Export (20) 3
1976
,
200 74 2
2006()
20(?)* 9*, , *WWF2015
3
2014
,
? 2 2
(KEITI)
2000
3,441 (2014)
301
- 140 (15) - 24 - 5
29
(KECO) 1987
1.6 (2014)
1917 (2014)
21
(K-Water)
1966
3.6(2014 )
4234(2014)
- (84) (5) (4)
93
(KOICA, ) 156
[ 3-21]
140 (2015) , 20 . KEITI , (30), (15 15) , , R&D , 140 . (Green Export 100) 20 . ( )
-
- 152 -
. Networking , .
:
- "" (--- ) . (Environmental Industry) 1988 (Environmental Business International, Inc) , , , , (ITC), OECD . (media) -- 14 .
- , , -- , BT IT . , (water market) (solids waste)
3.3.3
. . 61)
(Reclamation) (Reuse) . WEI OECD 40% 25%
61) BOD, 30 1/3 ~ 1/10
-
- 153 -
. 62)
(Climate change) , (Storm and sanitary sewer) .
, . Zero
21 .
3.3.4
() 21 () (), , (Resource recovery), (), , (), () (), , ,
() () () , .
62)
-
- 154 -
, () , .
OECD , , ,
3.4 3.4.1
. .
, () () . () () ,
() OECD () (Developing country), , , (Under-developed country), (Rest of the world) 4
-
- 155 -
. . ,
3.4.2
() ()()() 3 -63)-64)-65) .
66) . 67).
5 8.2 , .
63) - ,
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. 4 , -
67) 4 , 4
-
- 156 -
4
4.1 4.1.1 (Netherlands)68)
.
25% 13 Water Board
1957 UNESCO- IHA Institute for Water Education . Delft
1999 , , , , NGO (Netherlands Water Partnership; NWP) World Water Council (1997 World Water Forum )
2000 2 2020
.
NWP , , NGO 200 Platform networking
, platform
.
NWP
68) : http://www.nwp.nl/en/about_nwp.php, http://www.dutchwatersector.com/
-
- 157 -
NWP (, , , , EPC(Engineering, Procurement & Construction), , , ) 9 [ 4-1]
Ir. L. (Luitzen) Bijlsma
Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment
G.J. (Gerard) Doornbos Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland Drs. T.J.J. (Theo) Schmitz VEWIN Ir. E. (Erik) Janse Deltares
EPCDr. Ir. C. (Chris) Zevenbergen
Dura Vermeer
Ir. L. (Lute) Broens Norit Process Technology Ltd R.O.T. (Rene) Zijlstra Royal Haskoning
F.A. (Frank) Verhoeven Royal Boskalis Westminster
NGO MSc. C.S. (Rolien) Sasse Simavi
[ 4-1] NWP
NWP 35 [ 4-1]
(6)
AKVO
ICT
[ 4-1] NWP ( 35)
.
NWP ODA(Official Development Assistance) Non-ODA
-
- 158 -
NWP ODA , , ODA
Non-ODA [ 4-2]
(: EUR, )
400,000 / ( 50 ): 1,500 / ( 50 ): 3,000 /
600,000 /
3,000,000 /
, , (The partners for water programme)