Regency Period

The Empire of Brazil

What Now?

Brazil without D. Pedro I It was a big surprise for everyone

D. Pedro I abdicated at 2 in the morning Even though he was not loved, no one wanted him gonne

At least no one wanted to be ruled by a child All people wanted was the restoration of the ministry

And maybe a better behaved emperor

Regency Period

A time of great unrest uncertainits brought up by na infant king Separatist rebellions spread

Cabanagem - 1835 Malês Revolt - 1835 Farroupilha - 1835 Sabinada - 1837 Balaiada -1838

A time of a democratical experience

The leaders of the country were chosen by the senators Great reforms took place The moderator power was put away A time of autonomy in the provinces

Regency Period

Pedro de Alcântara João Carlos Leopoldo

Salvador Bibiano Francisco Xavier de Paula Leocádio Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga. Born at 2:30 am on December 2, 1825 Emperor at July 23th, 1840, 14 years old

D. Pedro II

Lonely Childhood

His mother died when he was one year old His father left when he was five

Raised to be better then his father

Strong sense of duty at the same time resentment of his Position

When Deposed by MarshalDeodoroda Fonseca, he did not pose any resistance to the coup

He believed in democracy

He is one of the greates heroes of our country

D. Pedro II

An Intellectual Emperor During his life he would learnto speak and write in:

Portuguese Latin French German English Italian Spanish Greek Arabic, Hebrew Sanskrit Chinese,  Provençal  Tupi-Guarani

D. Pedro II 

Great advocate of freendon of Speech

But could not alowe it Friends with  Charles Darwin, Victor Hugo, Friedrich Nietzsche,  Richard Wagner and Louis Pasteur

D. Pedro II 

“Pedro II spent his days studying, with only a

couple of hours for recreation. He woke at 6:30 am and began his studies at seven, continuing until ten at night, when he went to bed. Great care was taken in his education to promote values and a different personality them the impulsiveness and irresponsibility demonstrated by his father. His passion for reading enabled him to assimilate any information. Pedro II was not a genius but was smart and had a great capacity to accumulate knowledge.”

D. Pedro II 

Temporary Trina  Regency 

Most of the senators of the empire were not in Rio de Janeiro

The ones that were had to vote for temporary trina regency It lasted for 2 months

Francisco de Lima e Silva,Vergueiro e Marquês de Caravelas

A military, a liberal and a conserver

Reassurance of the peopleReturn of Brazilian MinistryAmnesty for political prisonersfiring of foreign

Regency period

The little king is crowned

April 9, 1831 José Bonifácio is his oficial tutor

The princesses are sent away  Francisca Carolina e Januária are sent to live in Petropólis

Regency period

Permanent Trina Regency 

1831 - 1835 João Bráulio Moniz, Marquês de Monte Alegre, Lima e Silva

North and north east, South east and remaining from the previous regency

Creation of the Medicine college of Rio de Janeiro End of the moderating power End of titles concetion Creation of the National Guard

Colonels State power in their onw regions A purchaised position

Regency period

Reactionary

Reacionários ou ultra Conservadores Return of King D. Pedro I

The Caramuru newspaper Bonifácio as their leader Portuguese and Concervative Military

Political Parties

Moderate liberals

Monarchy and slavery Centralization of the economy in Rio de Janeiro

Rural aristocracy Padre Feijó as a leader

Political Parties

Exalted liberals

 Decentralization Some were Republicans

Midle classes and some military Cipriano barata as a leader

Political Parties

Aditional act of 1834 A 4 years term

Una Regency of Feijó 1835-37 Liberal and Conservative parties are created

More freedom for modernization of the provinces Centralization of the power

A time of great unrest in the provinces

Una Regency

The Polemical Feijó

resigned two years before the end of the term Advocated for the abolition of celibacy

In order to restore the moral of the church

Blamed for the revolutions of Cabanagem, Sabinada e Farroupilha

Feijó was incapable to contain the revoltees

A Coup d’Etat in 1832 He was still remebered as the minister who tried to take donw the power of Bonifácio

Una Regency

Araújo Lima

1837-1840 A more centralized government

Aimed to contain the rebellions Colégio D. pedro II IHGB

Una Regency

1835-1840 Province of Pará Black, indian and mestiços

Cabana means a poor hut

A forgotten land The centralized government didn’t pay much atention to the most isolated provinces

Cabanagem

The rebels seize power

Hey execute the governor of the Province

Bernardo Lobo de Sousa A harsh government

Executions and poverty

Independence of Pará Eduardo Angelim

A seringueiro 10 months in power

Cabanagem

British mercenaries Death of 100 000 people

30 to 40% of the Pará Population imprisoned in the holds of ships

quicklime

Cabanagem

24-25 of January – 1835 Salvador Slaves

hauçá, igbomina e Picapó Muslins

The pay back Freedon only for other muslins slaves Slavery of anyone who wasn’t muslin Death and confiscation of property for slave owners End of catholicism Monarchy

Violent repression Death penalty, hard labor and exile Prohibition of slam in Bahia

Malês Revolt

1837-1838 Bahia

Fighting history Forced Drafts

To fight the Farroupilha Republica Bahiense

Province autonomy Until D. Pedro II would be old enough Freedom for slaves that join the fight Salvador was under the power of rebels for 4 months

Francisco Sabino Vieira Physician

Repression 1.000 to 2.500 dead The Bloody jury

Sabinada

Maranhão

1838-1841 Bad economy

Cotton crises US Competition

A lower classes revolution Raimundo Gomes

Cowboy Manuel dos Anjos ferreira

Balaio producer straw basket

Cosme bento Former slave An army of 3.000 slaves

Balaiada

Problems with the revolutions

Divergencies and lack of unity Low suplies

Luís Alves de Lima da Silva Barão de Caxias Bloody repression reenslavery

A merciful emperor amnesty

Balaiada

Rio Grande do Sul

1835-1845 Tattered Republicans Liberals Federalism

More autonomy for the province

Farroupilha

High taxes on gaúcho products

Dry meat Lether

Competition with Uruguai Who paid less taxes to export tpo Brazil

Caudilhismo

Farroupilha

Bento Gonçalves

Mason A wealthy farmer

República Rio-Grandense Was proclaimed while he was arrested inRio de

janeiro President Vila Piratininga

Farroupilha

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Hero of two worlds Italian unification

La Giovine Italia

Farroupilha Commander of the farroupilha navy República Juliana

Santa Catarina

Anita Garibaldi

Farroupilha

Decline of the revolution with the second reign

Barão de Caxias The “Pacifier” of the empire

The Ponche Verde Treaty General Amnesty Incorporation of the officers in the Imperial Army return of occupied lands to their owners Taxation of 25% on the platine dry meat Freedon of the slaves who fought in the revolution forgiveness of debts contracted by rebels

Farroupilha

A coup for the Adulthood

July 23, 1840 A coup to lower the necessery age to for the emperor to have full Power

18 to 14 Suport from the liberals and the agitated masses It would grant Brazil the necessary stability to put an endto the rebellions

Golpe da Maioridade