Pusan National University

Ph.D. Young-Min, Kyoung

Engineering Project Management

▶ Subject : Project Execution - Introduction ◀

2015-04-05 2

PMBOK의 42개 프로젝트 관리 프로세스

from Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)

Project Management Processes

PMI

The Project is a conversion process

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Output Customer’s Satisfaction

Input Wants / Needs

Constraints Financial, Legal, Ethical,

Environmental, Logical, Time, Quality, and

Indirect Effects

Resources People, Machine/Facility, Knowledge &

Expertise, Capital, Tools, Techniques, and

Technology

Process Process Process

Execution stage of the Project

Meaning of Execution stage

perform the project tasks as outlined in

the project schedule,

the project management plan,

and other project planning documents

to fulfill the project objectives

by monitoring and controlling

occurred problems and risks

planned schedule vs. current status

project resources, etc.

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The project deliverable or product is actually created during this step.

Quality

Time Scope

Cost

Quality ↑

Triple Constraint

Model

Overall Project Management Process

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Initiation Planning Execution Closing

Approved Project Request

Detailed Project Plan

Project Introduction

Session

Monitor and Control

Regular Status

Reporting

Regular Project Reviews

Project Closing: Lessons Learned

『Communications (Internal and External)』 / 『Stakeholder Management』 / 『Risk Management』

should be avoided !!!

Approved Project Request

Detailed Project Plan

Project Introduction

Session

Track and Control

Regular Status

Reporting

Regular Project Reviews

Project Closing: Lessons Learned

『Communications (Internal and External)』 / 『Stakeholder Management』 / 『Risk Management』

Overall Project Management Process

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Initiation Planning Execution Closing

Problem

Definition

Project

Requirements

Project

Constraints

Project Charter

Project Scope

Business

Objectives

Work Breakdown

Structure(WBS)

Develop

Schedule

Monitor and Control the Project Progress

(using Gantt Chart, Network Diagram, and others)

Cope with Change and/or Added Request

Report to Steering Committee

Project Status Report

Make and Utilize the Project Dashboard

and/or Quick Status Report (ex. OPPM), ...

Project

Closure

Report

a tool that allows you to get a summary of

your business's status in one glance

Communicate and Manage Any Project

with a Single Sheet of Paper

Utilize S/W as a Management Tool

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Utilize S/W as a Management Tool

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A Sample of Dashboard

using Mind Map tool

『Mind Manager』, Mindjet Co.

Two check points (Current status & Progress Control)

Monitoring & Controlling by Gantt chart

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 …

M T W T F M T W T F M T W T F M T W T F M T W T F M T W T F M T W T F M T W T F

Activity A

Activity B

Activity C

Activity D

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current date

(check date) planned

completed

delayed

If Activity B is the preceding activity of Activity D.

…

1) It can’t be determined whether Activity D

starts on time. [uncertainty of project plan]

2) Accelerate the delayed activity. [Cost may be

increasing]

Recent Trend - 6 Sigma Project Management

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Six Sigma

DIDOV

Define

Identify

Design

Optimize

Verify

DMAD(O)V

Define

Measure

Analyze

Design

Optimize

Verify

DMAIC

Define

Measure

Analyze

Improve

Control

Phases

Methodologies

Main usage &

purpose New Design Re-Design,

preventing defects

Improve Existing

Process

6 Sigma Methodologies

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SELECT SUSTAIN

DEFINE (Opportunity)

ANALYZE MEASURE

IDENTIFY DESIGN VERIFY

(validation)

IMPROVE

CONTROL

OPTIMIZE

NEW PROCESS

RE- DESIGN

BUSINESS SYSTEM (or PROCESS)

DIDOV

DMAD(O)V

DMAIC

1

2

3

Details of 3 methodologies

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Define Identify Design Optimize Verify

Background

Definition

Approve

Define Customer

VOC

CTQs

Design Concept

High-Level Design

Detailed Design

Detailed Design Ability Evaluation

Pilot Plan

Prototyping

Documentation

DIDOV

Define Measure Analyze Design

(Optimize) Verify

Background

Project Team

Project Exec. Plan

Target Customer

Customer Needs

Product Characteristics & Function

Design Concept

Structural Design

Evaluation

Detailed Design

Optimization

Spec. & Tolerance

Pilot Test & Evaluation

Transfer to Process

DMAD(O)V

Define Measure Analyze Improve Control

Background

Definition

Approve

Identify CTQs(Y)

Evaluate Baseline

Potential Cause Variables

Analysis Plan

Root Cause

Vital Few Xs

Improve Strategy

Optimization

Pilot Test

Control Plan

Check Effect

Closing & Spread

DMAIC

New Design &

Verification

(new technology)

Design/Redesign

Product or Process

(main purpose :

preventing defects)

Refine/Improve

Existing Process

(main purpose :

reducing variation,

waste, or defects in

existing process)

Characteristics of 3 methodologies

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DIDOV

DMAD(O)V

DMAIC

Define Identify Design Optimize Verify

Define Measure Analyze Design

(Optimize) Verify

Define Measure Analyze Improve Control

apply a developed technology to the new product or process

focus on verification and validation of the new technology

design of a new product or process

improve the structured and repetitive process

focus on the reduction of defects

improvement of the existing product or process

design the process which exceeds the customer’s expectation

focus on preventing the errors or defects

re-design of the existing product or process

apply a developed technology to the new product or process

focus on verification and validation of the new technology

design of a new product or process

improve the structured and repetitive process

focus on the reduction of defects

improvement of the existing product or process

design the process which exceeds the customer’s expectation

focus on preventing the errors or defects

re-design of the existing product or process

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Phases Descriptions Tools Deliverables

Define Identify Project CTQs from customers & their needs

VOC[Voice Of Customer] Data

QFD[Quality Function Deployment]

Project CTQ

Develop Problem Statement, Goals and Benefits

Approved Project Charter Identify Champion, Process Owner and Team

Develop Project Plan and Milestones

Define High Level Process Map High Level Process Map

Measure Define Defect, Opportunity, Unit, and Metrics

Check Sheets,

KANO model,

Statistical Sampling,

Gage Study

Project Y

Select CTQ Characteristics (CTQ Y) Performance Standard for Project Y

Establish Data Collection Plan Data Collection Plan

Validate the Measurement System Data for Project Y

Collect the Data Process Capability for Project Y

Establish Process Capability (as is vs. to be[Sigma Baseline])

Analyze Define Performance Objectives Fishbone Diagram,

Pareto Chart, FMEA,

Brainstorming,

Benchmarking,

Regression Analysis,

Hypothesis Tests

Improvement Goal for Project Y

Prioritized List of All Xs

Identify Sources of Variation

Determine Root Cause(s)

Determine Vital Few Xs, Y=f(x) Relationship

Improve Develop Potential Solutions Brainstorming,

DOE, Fishbone, FMEA,

DFSS, Prediction Eqns.

List of Vital Few Xs

Proposed Solution

Piloted Solution

Assess Failure Modes of Potential Solutions

Validate, Correct and Re-Evaluate Potential Solution

Control Define and Validate Monitoring and Control System Gage Study, Capability

Indices,

Risk Analysis, Mistake

Proof, SPC

Process Capability Y, X

Standard Operating Procedures,

Documentation,

Financial Audit,

Share Project Performance

Do Statistical Process Control, Determine Process Capability

Develop Standards and Procedures

Close Project, Finalize Documentation

DMAIC procedures, tools and deliverables

Define

project goals

& customer

deliverables

Measure to

determine

current

performance

and quantify

the problem

Analyze and

determine

the root

cause(s) of

the defects

Improve the

process by

eliminating

defects

Control

future

process

performance

from VOC to Cause in DMAIC approach

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Example

terms VOC (Voice of

Customer)

CTQ (Critical To Quality)

CTQ characteristics(

Y)

Causes (X)

Ex.

Cellular Phone Clear Image, Cost, Speed (Data

Upload/Downlo

ad), Size, etc.

Clear Image Resolution Brightness

Pixel Size LED light

meanings In other words,

VOC means

“Needs of

Customers”.

CTQ means “Very

Important Need(s)”.

CTQ Y, for example,

corresponds to

Product Spec.

X, for example,

corresponds to

design parameters.

Some Examples of Executing Tools

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Effect

(결과)

Man

Machine

Material

Method

Environment

Measures

Causes

Quality

Characteristics Defects

Cost

Due-Date

etc.

Check Sheet

Fishbone Diagram

Quality Function Deployment(QFD)

called as “the House of Quality”

…

Pareto chart