발전소효율향상에의한co2 저감 - kier · 2018-11-13 · outline of presentation. 3...

3Korean Coal Forum

청 탄기술 보급 산 략 포럼

산대학교 Clean Coal Center

장 충 교수

발 효 향상에 한 CO2 감

2010년 7월 1

3

1. Current situation and future prospect of Coal-Fired

Power Plant

2. CO2 emission reduction potential by improving

efficiency of Coal-Fired Power Plant

3. Implementation of CCT in High Efficiency Power

Generation

4. LRC combustion DB for High Efficiency Power Plant

5. JCOAL’s examples and roles in Japan

6. Summary and Conclusion

Outline of Presentation

3Outlook of global CO2 emissions

3Share of coal in power generation

3Low carbon economy in the world

3Capacity and steam condition

3Efficiency of coal-fired power plant

3Coal Power Plant in Japan

3Coal Power Plant in Korea

Critical : 374C, 22.2MPa

3

CO2 emission reduction potential by improving

efficiency of Coal-Fired Power Plant

3De-carbonization of energy at supply-side

3Further improvement of thermal efficiency of power plants

3CO2 reduction potential by keeping efficiency

3CO2 emission reduction from increasing efficiency

3Issues of increasing efficiency for existing power plants

3

연구 과 명 500MW 표준석탄화력 출력증강 및 효율향상 기술 개발500MW 표준석탄화력 출력증강 및 효율향상 기술 개발

연구목표노후 발 비의 능개 을 한 최 화 개발

및 실증 검증

노후 발 비의 능개 을 한 최 화 개발

및 실증 검증

연구내용

1. 노후발 비의 능개 을 한 시스템 최 화

2. 빈발 출 증강 및 효 향상 개발

3. 보일러 열용량 및 능향상 개발

1. 노후발 비의 능개 을 한 시스템 최 화

2. 빈발 출 증강 및 효 향상 개발

3. 보일러 열용량 및 능향상 개발

연구 산 총 480억( 부지원 : 240억, 업부담 :240억)총 480억( 부지원 : 240억, 업부담 :240억)

Issues of increasing efficiency for existing power plants

3

u 국내 93기 화력발전설비 중 31기가 25년 이상 운전되어 설계 수명 도래

ü 수명연장 및 설비 개선의 필요성 대두

u세계적으로 30년 이상 설비: 500 GW (20%)

ü 대부분은 북미/EU에 집중되어 있으나 향후 아시아권의 설비 급속한 노후화 예상

Issues for existing power plants – domestic status

3

2 단계출 증강 상 계 및 랜트 용검증

Ø 능개 주 및 보조 비 상 계 및 능검증Ø 시 품 작 및 장 치 후 실증 검증

능개 표 계 및 핵심 개발

Ø 능 Plant Integration 계 및 출 증강의 핵심 확보

Ø 개 개념 계 및 비용 최 화 출 증강 Module 구축

1 단계

노후 발 비의 능개 을 한 최 화 개발 및 실증 검증

Ø 표 탄화 계용량 비 출 10%이상 증 (500MW→550MW)

Ø 랜트 효 2% 증 [40% 42%)

Ø 이산화탄소(CO2) 배출량 5%이상 감

Issues of increasing efficiency for existing power plants

3

Super Critical Single Reheat

Net Plant Output : 500 MW

Main Steam Pressure : 24.1 MPa

Main Steam Temperature : 538 deg-C

Reheat Steam Temperature : 538 deg-C

1. 1. Model Plant to be RetrofittedModel Plant to be Retrofitted

A-USC Technology :

- Suitable for retrofitting old supercritical plants

- Economical and environmentally-friendly

- Thermal efficiency reduces CO2 : 15~20%

- Development of New Ni-base alloys

Technology available by 2016.

2. 2. ConclusionConclusionss

*Source : Cleaner Coal Workshop in Ha Long, Vietnam (August 19, 2008)

Feasibility Study of Retrofitting with

A-USC Technology Project Participants

재료기술을 기반으로 한 USC 기술 적용

국내 적용 시 타당성 의문: 외국 재료 사용으로 인해 경제성 저하 및 경쟁력 확보 불투명

국내 기 확보된 경쟁력있는 기술을 토대로 성능개선 기술 확보 필요

Issues of increasing efficiency for existing power plants - Japan

3

Implementation of CCT in High Efficiency Power

Generation

3CO2 emission reduction from increasing efficiency

3Clean Coal Technology in power generation sector

3Roadmap for High-efficiency coal-fired power generation- Japan

3Roadmap for High-efficiency coal-fired power generation- EPRI

3Roadmap for High-efficiency coal-fired power generation- Korea


Source : 두산 공업 동남권 업간담회 발표자료, 태 상

3

Coal(LRC) combustion for High-efficiency thermal

Power Plant

3Coal reserves of the world

3Coal reserves of the world

Thermal Coal Import by Korean Gencos (unit: 1,000 ton/year)

Genco 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

KOSEP 11,444 13,441 13,976 15,037 17,269 20,689

KOMIPO 9,577 8,352 9,064 9,018 11,029 11,643

KOWEPO 9,161 8,609 8,465 11,026 11,953 12,058

KOSPO 8,805 8,806 8,894 8,848 9,789 12,522

EWP 7,580 8,448 10,254 11,223 13,837 14,300

TOTAL 46,567 47,657 50,653 55,152 63,877 71,212

3

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

201020092008

Samchunpo Yonghung Hadong

He

ati

ng

va

lue

, [k

ca

l/k

g]

Year2007

Ref. Annual report of PCCC

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

0 10 20 30 40 50

하동화력*

Number

Heati

ng

valu

e,

[kcal/kg

]

삼천포화력

흥화력

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800-0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

Fra

ctio

n o

f d

af vo

latile

s

Temp. (K)

Rotosouth(Samchunpo) 07_17 07_90 08_35 08_89

Shenhua(Hadong) 07_19 07_84 08_61 08_84

Datong(Yonghung) 07_44 08_2 08_23 08_37

LRC(Low Rank Coal) coming to Korean power plants

3

3900 4200 4500 4800 5100 5400 5700 6000120

160

200

240

280

900

1200

1500

1800

2100

2400

Mas

s fl

ow

ra

te, M

FC

[to

n/h

r]

Low heat value of coal, LHV [kcak/kg]�

Coal

Air, F=1.0

Air, F=1.2

Air, F=1.5

Power : 500 MWh, P.E : 38%, D.E : 90%

Power capacity : 500 MWDriving efficiency : 90% Heating value : 4000-6000 kcal/kg

If the caloric value is decreased about 30%,coal consumption rate will be increase about 50%

High Rank Coal Low Rank Coal

Coal price

Trans. Cost

(ton/ship)

20~30%

Assumed : To obtain same output power of 500 MW

Coal deport

Purity

~ 50%



3

v Indirect method

: Boiler Efficiency (%)

: Total Heat Loss from Boiler (kcal/kg)

: Heat Loss Correction (kcal/kg)

: Heat in Fuel, Higher Heating Value (kcal/kg)

: Total Heat Credit (kcal/kg)

Bh

TL

LD

fH

eB

v Heat Losses

1) Unburned Carbon Loss:

2) Dry Flue Gas Loss:

3) Moisture Loss in Fuel:

4) Hydrogen Combustion

Fuel) /( kgkcalLHVCuLUC ´=

)('' TRATGOcpgWL GG -´´=

)( HRWHemL fmf -´=

)(936.8 HRWHeHLH -´´=

Heat loss for Yonghung power plant

Dry Gas

Moisture in Fuel

H2O from Combustion

Moisture in Air

Unburned Carbon

0 1 2 3 4

Heat Loss [%]

LRC(Low Rank Coal) efficiency to Korean power plants

-> Combustion kinetics

-> LOI reduction

-> Drying technology

3

Ave. caloric value is low-> Fluctuation of caloric value is high

Coal characteristics and kinetics are more important than operation tech. of coal power plant in the low grade coal

4000 4600 5200 5800 6400

Ave. Caloric Value, kcal/kg

Flu

ctu

ati

on

level


Key parameters

- Dewatering, Drying / LOI Reduction System


Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009.10

Fly Ash Product (ton*10,000)

80 85 92 79 74 76 85

Out of Spec. FAP(Ton*10,000)

2 11 11 25 27 18 40(9)

Possibility of Out of Spec.(%)

2 13 11 31 37 23 47

3

The Change of

Combustion Characteristics

Ref. CRIEPI newsletters 3. 2006

Volatile effects

High Rank Coal

Low Rank Coal


3

CASE 1 CASE 3CASE 2

□ Gas velocity of boiler comparison for high-rank and low-rank coal

LRC combustion DB for future coal power plants


3

Ignition

Char

BlendingCoal

Emission

SlaggingFouling

Analysis Techniques for

coal combustion kinetics

Chemical and physical analysis

Combustion kinetics analysis

Ignition/oxidation process

Flow and emission analysis in a coal combustion system

Characteristics ofSlagging/fouling/clinker

formation


3

VM

Fuel NOxChar

Oxidation

Blending coalcombustion

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Pulverized coal C, H, O, N, Ash

H2O(Moisture

Hydro carbon

Prompt NOx O2, N2(Air)

Zeldovichi NOx

O2CO2

C, H O, N(volatile mattter)

H2O

HCNN2

Fuel NOx

C, N, Ash(Char)

C, N, Ash(Char)

CO2

Fuel NOx

O2

Thermal NOx

Homogeneous Reaction(Gas-Gas Oxidation)

Heterogeneous Reaction(Solid-Gas Oxidation)

■ Development of simulator for blending coal


3 Combustion kinetics for blending coals

탄 알고리즘 by blending types

Ref. : Development of a reactivity test for coal-blend combustion, the laboratory-scale suspension-firing reactor, D. Peralta, et.al, Energy & fuels

A fuel + B fuel ≠(A+B) fuels

→ new X fuel

Coal size(μm) 32-45 75-90 150-180

Onset of char burning 12.5 40 75

Average flame length(mm)

74.8 124 168.3

Normalized standard deviation

0.033 0.07 0.096


PNU LFR System

3

Vp=1.56m/s

PNU LEFR System Sampling system

• Filters : For Tar/Soot Collection

– Glass Filter (Ø90mm)– Polycarbonate Filter

(Ø90mm)

• Quick Quenching by inert gas

– Nitrogen/Argon/Air

• Analysis– Tar/Soot Collection @

filters– Char Collection : thru

mini-cyclone– Light Gas : FTIR/GC


3

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 2200

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Ta

r/S

oot Y

ield

[w

t%]

Residential Time z[mm]

Pyrolysis O

2 3.5 mol%

O2 Effect on Glencore AP

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 2200

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

T

ar/

So

ot Y

ield

[wt%

]

Residential Time z[mm]

Pyrolysis O

2 3.5 mol%

O2 Effect on Berau

Comparison of Tar/Soot Yield

Berau @pyrolysis

Glencore @pyrolysis

Residential Time


3

Overall Furnace Dimensions

86,910 mm

16,500 mm 16,500 mm

22,006 mm

Burner Column, Elevations A & B

Burner Column, Elevations C & D

Burner Column, Elevations E & F

Computational Grid

RH and SH Panels

Overall Furnace Dimensions

86,910 mm

16,500 mm 16,500 mm

22,006 mm




Computational Grid

RH and SH Panels

86,910 mm

16,500 mm 16,500 mm

22,006 mm




86,910 mm

16,500 mm 16,500 mm

22,006 mm

86,910 mm

16,500 mm 16,500 mm

22,006 mm




Computational Grid

RH and SH Panels

■ Combustion and flue gas analysis model

- Velocity/Gas-temperature

- CO/CO2 distribution

- NOx concentration

- Particle/Volatile reaction

-Soot and LOI trajectory

-Slagging and fouling

-Radiation

-Blending characteristics

Temperature, Nox, Particle trajectoryTemperature, Nox, Particle trajectory

PC Boiler Simulation


3

3D modeling

E, F burnerE, F burner

A,B,C,D burnerA,B,C,D burner

Meshing

• 500 MW Power plant

- Height : 87,636 mm,

width : 16,462 mm

- 3D modeling mesh : 100million

Coal properties

Flow rate conditions

Temp.Temp. COCO Gas vel.Gas vel. Coal vel.Coal vel.


3

Summary and Conclusion

3

45/71

Human resource

R & D

National energy planning and coordination

Resources development

Separated NOW

KCOALKCOAL

Business promotion

Recommendation #1

Coal Division Coal Division

of METIof METI

In JapanIn Japan

Coal Division in MKECoal Division in MKE

GenCo., Plant IndustryGenCo., Plant Industry

KoreaCoal Energy

Center

National efforts : KCOAL to prepare tomorrow

3

46/71

Recommendation #2Collaboration system : Coal reserves and high-efficient plants

발전회사, 전기협회 등

연 기 (연 소,대학 등)

산업체, 원개발회사,

Engineering

정부기 (산 부,전기 원회,대한석탄공사,에기평)

KCOAL

Korea Coal Energy Center

3

Thank you for

your Attention

Korean Coal Forum 청 탄기술 보급 산 략 포럼

발전소효율향상에의한co2 저감 - kier · 2018-11-13 · outline of presentation. 3...

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