epcglobal 網路架構元件屏東商業技術學院

EPCglobal網路架構元件

屏東商業技術學院GS1

專業服務部

©2008 GS1 US

RFID/EPCglobal Network標準課程

12/30 Day 1 標準發展組織背景介紹 EPCglobal 網路架構 ( 一 ):Identify, Capture 影片欣賞

1/6 Day 2 EPCglobal 網路架構 ( 二 ): Exchange 影片欣賞模擬考題講解 EPCglobal 考試

©2008 GS1 US

標準發展組之介紹

©2008 GS1 US

EPCglobal簡介

1999 年 MIT 成立了 Auto-ID 中心 (Auto-ID Center) ，並且提出了「產品電子碼 (Electronic Product Code, EPC) 」的概念

2003 年 10 月 31 日，由 EAN 與 UCC 創建了另一個非營利性國際組織 EPCglobal Inc. ，之後與七所知名大學共同經營 Auto-ID Labs

EPCglobal 負責管理和推廣 EPC 工作，並與 Auto-ID Labs 保持密切合作，使研究機構與使用者之間架起一座溝通的橋樑

©2008 GS1 US

EPCglobal簡介 ( 續 )

EPCglobal 成立的目的是為了推動 EPC 機制，並且訂定標準規範，使這個機制能在全球廣泛地應用

EPCglobal 建立的網路架構可稱為「物聯網」 (The Internet of Things) 或 EPCglobal Network

EPCglobal Network 利用現有網際網路架構，在全球建立起一個龐大的物品資訊交換網路，並且使所有參與流通的物品都具有唯一的產品電子碼，藉由 EPCglobal 網路架構相關元件，將使具備 EPC 號碼的物品，在網路上準確的定位與追蹤，並且為每項物品建立一套完整的電子履歷，使偽造商品不能流通

©2008 GS1 US

EPCglobal網路架構元件

©2008 GS1 US

What is the EPCglobal Architecture Framework?

ID

reader computers

telemetry

EPC - electronic product code

ONS - Object Naming Service

dataID

telemetry

Internet

EPC Information Services

Standard data

RFIDtag

Standard airprotocol

Standard softwareInterfaces

Standard querylanguage

Standard networkarchitecture

©2008 GS1 US

What is the EPCglobal Architecture Framework?

GOAL:

VISIBILITY IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN

EPCglobal Architecture Framework

©2008 GS1 US

EPCglobal Standards support 3 activities

Shared Service Interactions

EPCglobal Core Servicesand other

Shared Services


Shared Services

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Exchange of Physical objects

with EPCs

Exchange of data about

EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

Identify – The EPC Tag Data Specifications

IdentifyTag Data



Shared Services


Shared Services

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with EPCs


EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

The overall structure of an EPC

urn:epc:id:sgtin:0037000.112345.400

IANA prefix for “names”

Names for EPCs

EPC pure identity

SGTIN identifier type

Company Prefix

Item Reference & Indicator Digit

Serial Number

Together, these are the GTIN

©2008 GS1 US

The EPCglobal Coding Schemes

Identity Type Tag Encodings Related GS1 Key

GID GID-96

SGTIN SGTIN-96SGTIN-198

GTIN (with added serial #)

SSCC SSCC-96 SSCC

SGLN SGLN-96SGLN-195

GLN (with additional serial #)

GRAI GRAI-96GRAI-170

GRAI

GIAI GIAI-96GIAI-202

GIAI

DoD DoD-96

©2008 GS1 US

The Representation of EPC

urn:epc:id:sgtin:0037000.112345.400

Text Representation in Information Systems

©2008 GS1 US

The Representation of EPC

urn:epc:id:sgtin:0037000.112345.400

001100000111010000100101011110111111010001100010010111111000000000000000000000000000000110010000

sgtin: Header 8 bits 00110000

Filter Value 3 bits 011

5 Partition 3 bits 101

0037000 Company Prefix

20-40 bits 00001001010111101111

11234 Item Reference

24-4 bits 11010001100010010111111

400 Serial Number 38 bits 000000000000000000000000000000110010000

urn:epc:id:sgtin:0037000.112345.400

‹

Œ

Ž

001100000111010000100101011110111111010001100010010111111000000000000000000000000000000110010000

‹

‹ Œ

Ž

Ž

©2008 GS1 US

Tag Data Translation

001100000111010000100101011110111111010001100010010111111000000000000000000000000000000000000010

Tag Data TranslatorTag Data Translator urn:epc:id:sgtin:0614141.100743.2

Tag Data Translation Schema

©2008 GS1 US

http://www.gs1-germany.de/internet/content/e6/e156/e158/e1354/

Tag Data Translation (TDT) Demo

©2008 GS1 US

Identify & Capture – The Tag Air Interface

Tag Protocol – UHF Class 1 Gen 2 Tag Protocol – HF Gen 2

Identify



Shared Services


Shared Services

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with EPCs


EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

UHF Class-1 Gen2 Uses

©2008 GS1 US

Worldwide UHF Gen2 Operation

Europe US

Impinj Propeller Tag Frequency Response

Japan

©2008 GS1 US

台灣 RFID規範

主管機關 : NCC 國家通訊傳播委員會低功率射頻電機技術規範 - 4.8 UHF 頻段射頻識別

（ Radio Frequency Identification ， RFID ）器材提供射頻識別用途之器材，其操作頻率範圍為 922-

928MHz 設置於室內或特殊場所者：最大峰值輸出功率 1 瓦（含）以下。設置於室外者：最大峰值輸出功率 0.5 瓦（含）以下。

©2008 GS1 US

Tag Air Interfaces

UHFClass-2 Gen2

Based on Class-1 Gen2

Extended Tag ID

Extended User Memory

Data Protection

Authenticated access control

UHFClass-3 Gen2

UHF spec

Sensor and batterytags

Built on Class-1 &Class-2 Gen2

UHFClass-4 Gen2

UHF specfor active tags

HFClass-1 Gen2

Class-1 spec

13.56 MHz

Tailored for identifying items

©2008 GS1 US

EPCglobal Tag Class Definitions

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3Class 4

Identity

EncryptionRead/writeuser memory

PowersourceSensors

TransmitterActive communications

©2008 GS1 US

如何辨識商品真偽技術 ?

RF ID標籤的唯一序號 TAG ID及商品資訊的 EPC碼在 RF ID標籤中儲存唯一序號 TAG ID，該序號無法修改或重置，全球 RF ID標籤無相同

在 EPCglobal Network裡， EPC碼具獨一性。

Gen2 Tag’sCHIPGen2 Tag’s

CHIP

©2008 GS1 US

Capture – The Reader Interface

Low-Level Reader Protocol (LLRP) Reader Protocol

Capture



Shared Services


Shared Services

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with EPCs


EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

The Reader Interface

Readermodule

Host

Specifications of the interactions = Reader Interface

©2008 GS1 US

Reader Protocol

©2008 GS1 US

Reader Protocol

將命令從 RFID 讀取器傳送至物件標籤、讀取標籤資料、寫入資料至標籤、處理標籤使用者與標籤身份資料、並進行其他如刪除、鎖定等功能。

以標籤讀取事件為基礎來達到讀取器控制。包括預先設定的觸發（ trigger ）參數、初步的過濾

（ filter ）機制等。

©2008 GS1 US

Low-Level Reader Protocol (LLRP)

©2008 GS1 US

LLRP 原理

將命令從 RFID 讀取器傳送至物件標籤、讀取標籤資料、寫入資料至標籤、處理標籤使用者與標籤身份資料、並進行其他如刪除、鎖定等功能。

以標籤讀取事件為基礎來達到讀取器控制。 LLRP 應用 RFID 空中通信協定的指令和計時的參數，提供更底層

讀取器運作的存取控制。 LLRP 目前是針對 EPCglobal C1G2 的空中協定，但其規格架構可

以允許未來其他的空中介面協定整合進來。

©2008 GS1 US

Capture – The Reader Management Interface

Reader Management Capture



Shared Services


Shared Services

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with EPCs


EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

Reader Management

針對 RFID 讀取器中，管理各個讀取器之設定、狀態監控、以及事件警示通知等功能標準，其功能為：

可以搜尋 RFID 讀取器例如身份、天線數量等設定資訊。可以監控 RFID 讀取器的作業狀態，例如讀取的標籤數量

、通訊頻道狀態、健康狀態監控、天線連線程度、傳遞能量等級等。

可控制 RFID 讀取器的設定，例如啟動 / 關閉特定天線或功能等。

可以使用 RFID 讀取器管理功能，包括搜尋、韌體 /軟體設定與更新，並管理讀取器耗電量。

©2008 GS1 US

The Discovery, Configuration, and Initialization (DCI)

©2008 GS1 US

DCI功能

讓讀取器能搜尋到一或多部存取控制器。讓存取控制器能搜尋到一或多部讀取器。讓讀取器能搜尋到一或多位 Client端。讓讀取器及存取控制器之間交換及驗證身分識別資訊。讓 Client端及存取控制器之間能驗證其連線和運作。

©2008 GS1 US

Capture – The filtering & Collection (ALE) Interface

Application Level Events (ALE)

Capture



Shared Services


Shared Services

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EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

ALE

ReaderCycle

EventCycle

Logical Readeror location

Request

Request

Applications

Applications Databases

Return to requestor…

…or specified recipient

ReportsFilters

Grouping

©2008 GS1 US

Logical Reader


©2008 GS1 US

Read and Event Cycles

ReaderCycle

EventCycle


Filters

Grouping

©2008 GS1 US

Request from the ALE Client

Request

ALE ClientApplication

Report(XML Schema)

Specify theEvent Cycle Spec(ECSpec)

©2008 GS1 US

An example of read and event cycles

Read Cycle 2 Read Cycle 3

EPC1

EPC2

EPC3

EPC1

EPC2

EPC4

EPC1

EPC5

Read Cycle 1

App 1 Event Cycle 1

ADD ReportEPC1EPC2EPC3EPC4EPC5


EPC3

EPC4

EPC3

EPC5

Read Cycle 4

Report

EPC5

EPC3

EPC5

Read Cycle 7

EPC3

EPC5

App 2 Event Cycle 1

App 3 Event Cycle 1

App 2 Event Cycle 1

NEW ReportEPC4

EPC2

DEL ReportEPC4EPC5

Filters

Grouping

©2008 GS1 US

Returning the reports


EPC1

EPC2

EPC3

EPC1

EPC2

EPC4

EPC1

EPC5

Read Cycle 1

App 1 Event Cycle 1

ADD ReportEPC1EPC2EPC3EPC4EPC5

EPC2

Applications

Applications Databases

Return to requestor…

…or specified recipient

©2008 GS1 US

Capture & Exchange – EPCIS

EPC Information Services (EPCIS)

Capture



Shared Services


Shared Services

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with EPCs


EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

EPCIS

Readers

Filtering & Collection

EPCIS Capture App

EPCIS Repository

EPCIS Capture Interface

EPCIS Query Interface

ALE Interface

Reader Protocol

Internal Applications

External Applications

Interface

Hardware / Software

EPCIS

©2008 GS1 US

What is EPCIS?

Interface

Hardware / Software

EPCIS Repository



EPCIS

EPCIS Capture App

©2008 GS1 US

EPCIS layers

©2008 GS1 US

Event data and Master Data

©2008 GS1 US

EPCIS Event data

©2008 GS1 US

EPCIS Event data – Action Field

Example of parent-child tree

©2008 GS1 US

EPCIS Event data – Other Fields

Business location: Where is the Object assumed to be following the event?”

Business Step: What business process was being executed during this event?

Read Point: Where was the object seen?

Disposition: What is the status of the product subsequent to the event?

©2008 GS1 US

Manufacturer

Commission Bottles b Receive TotePack Bottles

into Case

Receive Cases

Pick & Pack into Tote

Distributor Retailer

Agg. Event5 Jun 12:50EPC X, YPlant 2 WarehousePackIn transit

Object Event3 Jun 10:15EPC XPlant 2 Pack AreaCommissionActive

Object Event8 Jun 15:20EPC X, YNYC Dock AreaReceiveSellable

Object Event10 Jun 11:35EPC XNYC Ship Area PickSellable

Object Event15 Jun 16:10EPC XStore #23 BackReceiveSellable

EPCIS Event data – Example

ObjectEventDateEPCsBusiness LocationBusiness StepDisposition

©2008 GS1 US

Role of the EPCIS Capturing Application

Interface

Hardware / Software

EPCIS Repository



EPCIS

EPCIS Capture App

©2008 GS1 US

EPCIS Events

EPCIS Capture Apps

Capture Application

Palletizer DockPortal

DockPortal

DockPortal

BackroomReceipt

Rack

CommissionObserve

ObserveAggregate

ObserveShipment

ObserveReceipt

ObserveDisaggregate

ObserveRestock

ObservePut away

ImpactDoorway

ObserveShipment

Manufacturer Retailer

Dist Ctr Dist Ctr Store

Tagging Station

©2008 GS1 US


Interface

Hardware / Software

EPCIS Repository



EPCIS

EPCIS Capture App

©2008 GS1 US

EPCIS Repository



Object Event15 Jun 16:10EPC XStore #23 BackReceiveSellable

When have I received EPC X?

On 15 June at 16:10EPCIS Repository

©2008 GS1 US

Let me know each time I receive EPC X



EPCIS Repository

When have I received EPC X?

On-demandRequest

StandingRequest

©2008 GS1 US

EPCIS Accessing Application


EPCIS Repository

On-demandRequest

StandingRequest

OR

©2008 GS1 US

Exchange – Object Name Service (ONS)

Object Name Service (ONS) ExchangeShared Service Interactions


Shared Services


Shared Services

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EPCs

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©2008 GS1 US

The object name service (ONS)

EPCIS Interface

Manufacturer Distributor Retailer

Object Name Service (ONS)

EPCIS Interface EPCIS Interface

Query ONS with hostname based on EPC Class

Find authoritativesource of information

©2008 GS1 US

Querying ONS – Convert into URI

00110000001

101

00000000100100001000100000000111011000100001

00000000000000000011111110011000110010

urn:epc:id:sgtin:

0037000030241

1041970

0037000 0302411041970urn:epc:id:sgtin: . .

©2008 GS1 US

The resolver converts the URI form into a domain name

•0037000 030241 1041970urn:epc:id:sgtin: . .

0037000030241 sgtin.id..

Querying ONS – Convert into Domain Name

.onsepc.com

©2008 GS1 US

Querying ONS – DNS Lookup

0037000030241 sgtin.id.onsepc.com..

Order Pref Flags Service Regular Expression Replace

0 0 u EPC+ws !̂ .*$!http://www.itunes.com/musicfinder.wsdl! .

0 0 u EPC+epcis !̂ .*$!http://epcservices.apple.com/epcis.wsdl! .

0 0 u EPC+html !̂ .*$!http://www.apple.com/ ipodphoto! .

0 0 u EPC+xmlrpc !̂ .*$!http://gateway1.xmlrpc.com/servlet/apple.com! .

0 1 u EPC+xmlrpc !̂ .*$!http://gateway2.xmlrpc.com/servlet/apple.com! .

©2008 GS1 US

0 0 u EPC+html !̂ .*$!http://www.apple.com/ipodphoto! .

http://www.apple.com/ipodphoto

Querying ONS - Example of product-specific web page

©2008 GS1 US

Exchange – Discovery Services

*Discovery Services

ExchangeShared Service Interactions


Shared Services


Shared Services

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EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

Discovery Services is not ONS

Who is manufacturing this watch?

ONS

DS

Is this particular watch authentic?

Not possible as ONS does not point to info on serialised EPCs

©2008 GS1 US

EPCIS Interface

Manufacturer Distributor Retailer

Object Name Service (ONS)

EPCIS Interface EPCIS Interface

Point to source of information

DS Query

Authenticate, check for authorization

Discovery Services

Authenticate, check for authorization

Find multiple

information providers

Info for individual EPCs+ policies to access it

EPCIS + ONS + Discovery Service = Visibility

ONS Query

©2008 GS1 US

Exchange – Drug Pedigree

Drug Pedigree



Shared Services


Shared Services

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with EPCs


EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

Exchange – Certificate Profile

Certificate Profile



Shared Services


Shared Services

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EPCs

1010101010101

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©2008 GS1 US

EPC Network vs. Internet

Internet EPC Network

Computers 電腦網路未端連結主要標地物為 Computers

Object 物件網路未端連結主要標地物為 Objects( 物件 )

網卡 /無線網卡用網卡 /無線網卡與 Internet 上其它的電腦資料分

享

RFID Tag 電子標籤透過所貼附 ( 或嵌入 ) 的電子標籤被讀入 EPC Network

MAC AddressMAC Address 是網卡全球唯一編號，無法異動

Tag’s TIDTID 是電子標籤全球唯一內建晶片編號，無法異動

IP Address電腦在 Internet 全球唯一識別碼，具階層編碼與

可異動性

EPC 碼物件在 EPC Network 全球唯一識別碼，具階層編碼與可異動性

HUB/無線基地台Internet連結電腦之網路實體入口

RFID ReaderEPC Network透過 Reader ，將物件資料擷取至網路內

WWW Server顯示與儲存公司、產品或其它的訊息

EPC IS儲存物件的屬性資料或品項動態資料

Search Engine提供關鍵字對搜尋 Internet 資料

EPC DS搜尋 EPC 網路有指定 EPC 碼之供應鏈途程資料的 IS ，並提供此 IS 指標

DNS提供 URL轉換成 IP 之服務

EPC ONS提供 EPC 碼轉換成 IS 與 DS 之 URL 位址

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©2008 GS1 US

EPC/RFID 認證考試

認證名稱 : Foundation Certificate in EPC Architecture Framework

發證組織 : EPCglobal 授權於台灣進行 Foundation Certificate in EPC Architecture Framework

是由 EPCglobal Taiwan 所推行的一項國際性技術認證 , 證照取得代表者本身對於 EPC/RFID 標準之了解與熟悉 , 有助於專業技術能力之認定規範

©2008 GS1 US

考場規範

1. 認證採用紙本測試，考試限用黑色或藍色原子筆作答2. 遲到二十分鐘者，不得入場參加考試。考生繳卷出場

後，不得再進場；公告測驗時間開始廿分鐘內不得出場

3. 試題目字跡模糊不清時，可向監試人員詢明，但不得要求解釋

4. 下列違規事項發生將予零分計：a. 協助他人或託他人代為作答者b. 考生不得抄寫試題，違者該科成績以零分計算且不得繼續應試c. 未遵守監考人員勸導，擾亂試場內外秩序者d. 考試試卷與答案紙須一併繳回，若缺一者，視為缺考論e. 無故未參加考試者，該次考試成績以零分計算

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謝謝指教 !

T: 02-23939145 ext. 508E: [email protected]

epcglobal 網路架構元件 屏東商業技術學院

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epcglobal 網路架構元件屏東商業技術學院