Mc lc Excel 2010

I. Nhng im mi trong Microsoft Excel 2010 ...................................................................................... 7

Thm tnh nng Sparkline ............................................................................................................................. 8

Tnh nng Slicers ........................................................................................................................................... 9

nh dng d liu c iu kin ................................................................................................................... 10

PivotTables v PivotCharts .......................................................................................................................... 12

Share Workbook ......................................................................................................................................... 12

I. Ni dung chnh .................................................................................................................................... 13

Chng 1: Lm Quen Vi Microsoft Excel .......................................................................................... 13

1.1 Gii thiu Excel ........................................................................................................................... 13

Excel l g: ........................................................................................................................................ 13

Ribbon l g? .................................................................................................................................... 17

S dng thc n ng cnh (shortcut menu) ................................................................................ 18

1.2. M Excel, ng Excel, phng to, thu nh ca s ....................................................................... 19

Phng to, thu nh ca s Excel ....................................................................................................... 19

Thu nh ca s Excel ...................................................................................................................... 20

Phng to ca s Excel ..................................................................................................................... 20

Thot khi Excel ........................................................................................................................... 20

1.3. Thao tc vi v vng ................................................................................................................. 20

Nhn dng v vng (cells, range) ............................................................................................. 20

Chn vng ....................................................................................................................................... 21

Sao chp v di chuyn vng ............................................................................................................ 21

Dn c bit (Paste Special) ......................................................................................................... 22

t tn vng .................................................................................................................................. 24

Thm ch thch cho ...................................................................................................................... 25

Chn, xa , dng v ct ............................................................................................................ 26

Thay i rng ct v chiu cao dng ................................................................................... 27

Ni (Merge) v b ni cc (Split) .............................................................................................. 29

Chuyn mt ni v li nhiu ................................................................................................ 29

1.4. Di chuyn trong bng tnh v s dng phm tt .......................................................................... 30

Thanh cun dc, thanh cun ngang .......................................................................................... 30

Thanh Sheet tab .............................................................................................................................. 30

S dng cc t hp phm tt di chuyn ................................................................................ 31

1.5 Thao tc vi workbook .................................................................................................................. 32

To mi workbook ......................................................................................................................... 32

Lu workbook ................................................................................................................................. 34

ng workbook ............................................................................................................................... 36

Sp xp workbook ........................................................................................................................... 36

1.6. Thao tc vi worksheet ................................................................................................................ 37

Chn thm worksheet mi vo workbook ................................................................................ 37

i tn worksheet ......................................................................................................................... 38

Xa worksheet ................................................................................................................................ 38

Sp xp th t cc worksheet .................................................................................................... 38

Sao chp worksheet ........................................................................................................................ 39

Chn mu cho sheet tab ................................................................................................................. 39

n/ Hin worksheet ....................................................................................................................... 40

1.7 S dng cc ch hin th trong qu trnh thao tc ...................................................... 41

S dng thanh Zoom ....................................................................................................................... 41

Xem v so snh worksheet trong nhiu ca s .............................................................................. 41

Chia khung bng tnh lm nhiu phn v c nh vng tiu ...................................................... 42

S dng Watch Window ................................................................................................................. 43

Chng 2: Lm vic vi d liu trong Excel ................................................................................................ 43

2.1. Nhp liu, hiu chnh ................................................................................................................... 43

Nhp liu ........................................................................................................................................ 44

Nhp cc k t c bit ................................................................................................................... 45

Hiu chnh ni dung ..................................................................................................................... 46

Nhp ln c sn ni dung ........................................................................................................ 46

S dng cc k thut khi nhp liu ................................................................................................. 47

2.2. nh dng ..................................................................................................................................... 51

nh dng chung ............................................................................................................................. 51

T ng nh dng c iu kin ..................................................................................................... 59

Bng v nh dng bng (table) ...................................................................................................... 60

S dng mu nh dng ti liu (Document Themes) .................................................................... 62

2.3 Tm v thay th d liu ................................................................................................................. 63

2.4 Sp xp v lc d liu .................................................................................................................... 64

Chng 3: Gii Thiu V S Dng Cc Hm ............................................................................................... 68

3.1 Gii thiu cng thc v hm: ........................................................................................................ 68

Gii thiu cng thc (Formula) ....................................................................................................... 68

Gii thiu hm (Function) ............................................................................................................... 70

Nhp cng thc v hm .................................................................................................................. 71

Tham chiu trong cng thc ........................................................................................................... 73

Cc li thng dng (Formulas errors) ............................................................................................. 75

3.2 Cc hm trong excel ...................................................................................................................... 76

a. Nhm hm v thng k ............................................................................................................... 76

b. Nhm hm v phn phi xc sut ............................................................................................... 78

c. Nhm hm v tng quan v hi quy tuyn tnh ....................................................................... 80

d. Cc hm ti chnh - financian functions ...................................................................................... 81

e. Danh mc cc Cc Hm Qun l{ C s d liu v Danh sch ..................................................... 86

f. HM TON HC V LNG GIC ............................................................................................. 103

g. HM X L VN BN V D LIU ............................................................................................ 117

Chng 4: Khai Thc C S D Liu ......................................................................................................... 135

4.1. Sort (sp xp) v Filter (lc) ....................................................................................................... 135

Sp xp .......................................................................................................................................... 135

Lc d liu ..................................................................................................................................... 136

4.2 PivotTable v PivotChart ............................................................................................................. 137

4.2.1 Gii thiu PivotTable v PivotChart ......................................................................................... 138

To mt bo co PivotTable n gin .......................................................................................... 138

4.2.2 Tm hiu d liu ngun ca PivotTable .................................................................................... 153

4.2.3 S dng cc cng c ca PivotTable v nh dng PivotTable ................................................ 167

Chng 5: Th Trong Excel ................................................................................................................... 179

5.1 Gii thiu th .......................................................................................................................... 179

5.2. V th ..................................................................................................................................... 180

5.3. Cc thao tc trn th ............................................................................................................. 185

a. Nhn bit cc thnh phn trn th ....................................................................................... 185

Cc thnh phn thng ng .......................................................................................................... 185

t s thnh phn ch c trong th 3-D................................................................................... 186

b. Cc thao tc vi th .............................................................................................................. 186

Chn thnh phn trn th ........................................................................................................ 186

Di chuyn th ............................................................................................................................ 186

Sao ch p th ............................................................................................................................. 187

a th ...................................................................................................................................... 187

Thm cc thnh phn ca th................................................................................................... 187

Sp xp v xa cc thnh phn ca th .................................................................................... 187

n th ......................................................................................................................................... 188

c. Hiu chnh v nh dng th ................................................................................................. 188

Hiu chnh Chart Area ................................................................................................................... 188

Hiu chnh Flot Area ...................................................................................................................... 190

Hiu chnh tiu th, ch thch, tiu trc honh v trc tung, ...................................... 190

Hiu chnh ng li ngang v c ............................................................................................ 191

d. Cc thao tc vi chui s liu trong th ............................................................................... 196

a bt mt chui s liu khi th ........................................................................................... 196

Thm chui mi vo th ........................................................................................................... 196

Thay i chui s liu ................................................................................................................... 197

Thm ng xu hng vo th ................................................................................................ 199

Chng 6: nh Dng Trang V In Bng Tnh ............................................................................................ 200

6.1. Cc ch hin th trang trong Excel ........................................................................................ 200

6.2. Thit lp thng s cho trang in .................................................................................................. 201

6.3. Thit lp thng s hp thoi Print ............................................................................................. 207

6.4. Cc lu { khc ............................................................................................................................ 209

Chng 7: Lm Vic Vi Macro, Templates .............................................................................................. 209

7.1 Macro .......................................................................................................................................... 209

Ghi mt Macro .............................................................................................................................. 209

Thc thi Macro .............................................................................................................................. 211

Chng 8: Phm Tt V Th Thut ............................................................................................................ 212

8.1 Phm Tt ...................................................................................................................................... 212

a. Truy cp Ribbon bng bn phm .............................................................................................. 212

b. Phm tt ......................................................................................................................................... 212

8.2 Th thut ..................................................................................................................................... 216

1. Dch s tin v ch (Chuyn s thnh ch) .............................................................................. 216

2. Giu bng tnh Excel chuyn nghip ......................................................................................... 221

3. Kha v bo v nhng c cha cng thc ............................................................................ 222

4. S dng Data-Validation khi danh sch ngun nm trong mt Sheet khc ............................. 228

5. iu khin Conditional Formating bng checkbox. .................................................................. 231

6. nh u nhng cha cng thc bng Conditional Formatting ........................................... 238

7. S dng chc nng thay th (Replace) g b cc k t khng mong mun. ...................... 239

8. Chuyn i con s dng vn bn sang s thc ......................................................................... 240

9. Tng thm s ln Undo cho Excel ............................................................................................. 242

10. Tch h v tn trong cng mt ct trn bng tnh Excel ......................................................... 246

11. To mc lc trong Excel ............................................................................................................ 247

I. Nhng im mi trong Microsoft Excel 2010

1. Chc nng Backstage View

Giao din ribbon ca Office 2010 c a vo tt c cc ng dng trong gi Office 2010.

Cng c Backstage View c truy cp qua phm Office (gc trn bn tri), h tr s dng cc

tc v nh lu ti liu hoc in n.

Thanh nh hng bn tri ca Backstage View cha nhiu lnh, nh cho php ai sa ti liu,

kch c file...

Thm tnh nng Sparkline

Excel lun c d liu th v biu rt phong ph m t d liu v xu hng. Vi Excel

2010, Microsoft b sung thm mt tnh nng mi - Sparklines. Tnh nng ny cho php ngi

dng t mt th c nh (mini) hay mt dng nhn nh khuynh hng trong mt (cell).

Sparklines l cch nhanh nht v n gin nht thm thnh phn th hin th vo mt cell.

Sparkline l cch hu ch thm mt y u t tr c quan nhanh v g n.

Tnh nng Slicers

Slicers l mt trong nhng tnh nng trong Excel 2010 c th gip bn gii thch d liu ca bn

d dng hn. Mt cch nhanh chng, bn c ci nhnh trc quan su thng qua s lng ln

d liu.

V d, bn c th s dng Slicers lc thng qua cc d liu ca bn v c th nhanh chng

tm thy nhng thng tin c lin quan

Khi d liu trong bng tr (Pivot Table) thay i, Slicer s t ng c cp nht.

nh dng d liu c iu kin

Chc nng conditional format mi bao gm nhi kiu nh dng v icons v kh nng t sng ch

nhng mc c ch nh nh gi tr ln nht, nh nht .. vi ch 1 c click chut

y l chc nng rt hay trong Excel 2010. N u bn c mt bng vi nhiu s liu khc nhau,

thng thng nh gi d liu, chng ta thng dng cc hm rt trch v l c d liu. Tuy

nhin, vi chc nng ny, bn khng cn dng hm, cng khng cn ly d liu ra khi bng m

vn c th nh gi chnh xc d liu qua cch lm ni bt cc theo mt iu kin nh sn.

Th c hin nh sau: qut ch n mt ct hoc dng d liu cn nh gi, sau bm nt

Conditional Formatting, mt menu hin ra vi cc ty ch n:

Kiu nh gi sng lc:

Kiu nh gi ny s sng l c d liu ca bn ngay ti trong bng ch khng phi trch ring ra

ngoi nh cc phin bn Excel trc y. Chng trnh th c hin sng l c ti ch bng cch

lm ni bt ln nhng ng vi iu kin hoc quy lut do bn quy nh. Sau y l hai nhm

quy lut chnh:

Highlight Cells Rules: lm ni bt cc theo mt trong cc iu kin: Greater Than... (ln

hn), Less Than... (nh hn), Equal To (bng) mt gi tr so snh no , Between (gia 2 gi

tr), Text that Contains ( ch c cha chui k t quy nh), A Date Occurring (theo qung thi

gian), Duplicate Values ( d liu trng nhau).

Khi bn ch n xong mt iu kin lm ni bt, s xut hin mt hp thoi yu cu bn nhp gi

tr cn so snh v mu t ni bt cho ph hp vi iu kin so snh . Xong, bn bm OK

chng trnh th c thi trong bng tnh.

- Top/Bottom Rules: quy lut ny gm cc iu kin: Top 10 Items (nh du 10 c gi tr ln

nht), Top 10% (nh du 10% s c gi tr ln nht), tng t vi Bottom 10 Items v Bottom

10%, Above Average ( c gi tr ln hn gi tr trung bnh ca ct/hng), Below Average ( c

gi tr nh hn gi tr trung bnh ca ct/hng). Khi bn ch n nh gi theo d liu hng Top

hoc Bottom, mt hp thoi yu cu bn nhp s cn lm ni, chng hn nh Top 10 hay 20,

Top 10% hay 20%... l ty bn tinh chnh, sau bm OK hon tt.

Kiu nh gi hin th mc :

- Data Bars: bn bm ch n kiu nh gi ny, ch n mt mu ng trong menu hin ra. Khi ,

trong vng d liu ca bn s xut hin ct mu nh gi mc d liu gip bn d dng so

snh cng nh nhn ra s tng gim ca s liu nhp vo. Ct mu cng di th s liu ca bn

cng c gi tr cao, ngc li l nhng gi tr thp.

- Color Scales: kiu nh gi ny s t mu cho cc d liu theo 3 mu khc nhau, ng vi

mi mu l mc thp, trung bnh v mc cao. Khi ch n nhm Color Scales, bn hy ch n

mt nhm mu bn thch trong menu hin ra v s thy chng trnh p dng ln vng ch n ca

bn. Bn cng c th to quy lut mu theo mnh bng cch ch n Color Scales > More Rules.

- Icon Sets: bm ch n Icon Sets, ch n mt nhm biu tng mong mu n, chng trnh s t

ng t cc biu tng trc d liu ca bn, gip bn c ci nhn tr c quan v bng tnh.

V d du biu th s liu mc cao nht, du biu th s liu mc trung bnh, v du biu

th s liu thp di c mc trung bnh, ng bo ng. Mi biu tng ng vi mt mc ,

chng trnh s t ng tnh ton gi tr trung bnh ca ton ct hoc dng ang so snh v ti n

hnh t biu tng thch hp vo tng theo gi tr phn trm m t c so vi mc

chung ca c ct hoc dng.

Bn c th nh li quy lut nh gi ny bng cch ch n More Rules trong nhm Icon Sets.

Ngoi nhng kiu nh dng c iu kin trn, bn c th to ring cho mnh nhng quy lut

nh gi khc bng cch bm nt Conditional Formatting > New Rule, tuy nhin vic ny rt

mt thi gian. T t nht bn nn s dng nhng quy lut c sn m Excel cung cp rt y

cho bn. Khi bn khng va vi cc nh dng ch n, xa chng m khng mt d liu,

bn bm Conditional Formatting > Clear Rules, ch n mt trong cc kiu xa nh Clear Rules

from: Selected Cells (ch xa trong ct ch n), Entire Sheet (xa trong c sheet), This Table (ch

xa trong bng ang x l).

C th ni nhm cng c nh dng ny ca Excel 2010 rt th v, n cho php chng ta to ra

nhng bng tnh c trnh by rt khoa h c v bt mt. c bit nht l tnh t ng cao, giao

din bng tnh p v kh nng nh gi, sng l c d liu chun xc v c o. Chc chn khi

s dng chc nng ny, bn s thy hng th hn rt nhiu khi x l d liu v tnh ton trong

Excel.

PivotTables v PivotCharts

Gi ng nh PivotTables, PivotCharts cng c th c hin mt cch d dng trong giao din mi

ny. Tt c nhng ci thin mi v vic l c c cung cp cho PivotCharts. Khi bn to mt

PivotChart, cc cng c PivotChart c bit v cc menu ni dung c cung cp bn c th

phn tch d liu trong biu . Bn cng c th thay i layout, style v nh dng ca biu

hoc cc thnh phn khc ca n theo cng mt cch m bn c th th c hin cho cc biu

thng thng. Trong Office Excel 2010, vic nh dng biu m bn p dng c duy tr khi

thay i sang PivotChart, iu ny l mt b sung nng cp theo cch m n lm vic

trong cc phin bn Excel trc y.

Share Workbook

Microsoft Excel 2010 c th tch hp vi SharePoint cung cp cc cng c qun l ni

dung d hiu, thun tin cho vic chia s kinh nghim, tri thc, nng cao nng sut lm vic

nhm.

I. Ni dung chnh

Chng 1: Lm Quen Vi Microsoft Excel

1.1 Gii thiu Excel

Excel l g:

Microsoft Excel l mt phn mm hay l mt chng trnh ng dng, m khi chyr chng trnh

ng dng ny s to ra mt bng tnh v bng tnh ny gip ta d dng hn trong vic th c hin:

Tnh ton i s , phn tch d liu

Lp bng biu bo co, t chc danh sch

Truy cp cc ngun d liu khc nhau

V th v cc s

T ng ha cc cng vic bng cc macro

V nhiu ng dng khc gip chng ta c th phn tch nhiu loi hnh bi ton khc

nhau.

Workbook: Trong Excel, mt workbook l mt tp tin m trn bn lm vic (tnh ton, v

th, ) v lu tr d liu. V mi workbook c th cha nhiu sheet (bng tnh), do vy bn

c th t chc, lu tr nhiu loi thng tin c lin quan vi nhau ch trong mt tp tin (file). Mt

workbook cha rt nhiu worksheet hay chart sheet ty thuc vo b nh my tnh ca bn.

Worksheet: Cn g i tt l sheet, l ni lu tr v lm vic vi d liu, n cn c g i l bng

tnh. Mt worksheet cha nhiu (cell), cc c t chc thnh cc ct v cc dng.

Worksheet c cha trong workbook. Mt Worksheet cha c 16,384 ct v 1,048,576 dng

(phin bn c ch cha c 256 ct v 65,536 dng).

Chart sheet: Cng l mt sheet trong workbook, nhng n ch cha mt th. Mt chart sheet

rt hu ch khi bn mu n xem ring l tng th.

Sheet tabs: Tn ca cc sheet s th hin trn cc tab t ti gc tri di ca ca s

workbook. di chuyn t sheet ny sang sheet khc ta ch vic nhp chut vo tn sheet cn

n trong thanh sheet tab.

Cc thnh phn ca Workbook

Excel 2010 dng nh dng tp tin mc nh l .XLSX (d a trn chun XML gip vic trao i

d liu gia cc ng dng c d dng hn) thay cho nh dng chun trc y l .XLS.

Giao din Excel

Nt lnh Office cha cc lnh rt thng hay s dng nh to tp tin mi, m tp tin, lu tp

tin, v danh mc cc tp tin m trc . Nt lnh Office gi ng nh th c n File ca cc

phin bn trc.

Chng ta c th ch bi n thanh cc lnh truy cp nhanh cha cc lnh m ta hay s dng nht.

Nhn vo m danh mc cc lnh v vo cc lnh cn cho hin ln thanh lnh truy cp

nhanh. N u cc nt lnh y cn qu t bn c th nhn ch n More Commands m ca

s iu ch thanh lnh truy cp nhanh.

Cc lnh trong th c n Office

Bng l a ch n lnh truy cp nhanh

Hp thoi ch bi n thanh cc lnh truy cp nhanh

Ribbon l g?

Ribbon: Excel 2010 thay i giao din ngi dng t vic s dng cc thanh th c n truyn

th ng thnh cc cm lnh d dng truy cp c trnh by ngay trn mn hnh g i l Ribbon. C

cc nhm Ribbon chnh: Home, Insert, Page Layout, Formulas, Data, Reviews, View, Developer,

Add-Ins.

Thanh cng c Ribbon

Home: L ni cha cc nt lnh c s dng thng xuyn trong qu trnh lm vic nh: ct,

dn, sao chp, nh dng ti liu, cc kiu mu c sn, chn hay xa dng hoc ct, sp x p, tm

ki m, l c d liu,

Insert: Chn cc loi i tng vo bng tnh nh: bng biu, v s , th, k hiu,

Page Layout: Cha cc nt lnh v vic hin th bng tnh v thi t lp in n.

Formulas: Chn cng thc, t tn vng (range),

cng c kim tra theo di cng thc, iu khin vic tnh ton ca Excel.

Data: Cc nt lnh thao i vi d liu trong v ngoi Excel, cc danh sch, phn tch d

liu,

Review: Cc nt lnh kim li chnh t, h tr dch t, thm ch thch vo cc , cc thi t lp

bo v bng tnh.

View: Thi t lp cc ch hin th ca bng tnh nh: phng to, thu nh, chia mn hnh,

Developer: Tab ny mc nh c n v n ch hu dng cho cc lp trnh vin, nhng ngi

c hiu bi t v VBA. m nhm ny nhn vo nt Office Excel Options Popular

Chn Show Developer tab in the Ribbon.

Add-Ins: Tab ny ch xut hin khi Excel m mt tp tin c s dng cc tin ch b sung, cc

hm b sung,

S dng thc n ng cnh (shortcut menu)

Khi mu n th c hin mt thao tc no trn i tng (, vng, bng biu, th, hnh v)

trong bng tnh, bn hy nhp phi chut ln i tng . Lp tc mt thanh th c n hin ra

cha cc lnh thng dng c th hiu chnh hay p dng cho i tng m bn ch n.

Th c n ng cnh

1.2. M Excel, ng Excel, phng to, thu nh ca s

1.2.1. M Excel

Thao tc:

B1. T mn hnh (ca s) chnh ca Windows nhp chut nt Start gc di bn tri

B2. Di chuyn chut ln trn n ch All Programs, ri di chuyn chut sang phi ch n

Microsoft Office, sau di chuyn chut n ch Microsoft Office Excel 2010 th dng li.

B3. Nhp chut vo biu tng khi ng Excel.

Phng to, thu nh ca s Excel

Cc nt iu khin ca s Excel

Thu nh ca s Excel

Thao tc ny ch th c hin c khi ca s ang m to Nhp chut chut vo nt gc trn

cng bn phi. Khi ca s Excel s c thu g n li thnh mt biu tng trn thanh Taskbar

ca Windows bn cnh nt Start.

Phng to ca s Excel

Thao tc:

Thao tc ny ch th c hin c khi ca s ang b thu nh

Nhp chut vo biu tng thu g n ca Excel trn thanh Taskbar bn

pha di mn hnh

Thot khi Excel

Thao tc:

Nhp chut vo nt gc trn cng bn phi thot khi Excel. Hoc cng c th thot

Excel bng cch nhn nt Office chn Exit Excel.

1.3. Thao tc vi v vng

Nhn dng v vng (cells, range)

a ch mt trong Excel c xc nh bi tiu ct v s th t ca dng. Mt vng trong

bng tnh c xc nh bng a ch ca gc trn bn tri ca vng v a ch gc di

bn phi ca vng (c du : phn cch). c bit, a ch ca c mt ct hoc dng c xc

nh l : (v d ct A th c xc nh ngn g n l A:A) v : (v d a ch ca c mt dng 4 l 4:4).

V d: Hnh bn di hin hnh c a ch l B11 v n c tiu ct l B v s dng l 11,

vng c bao bi nt chm t c a ch l H2:H12 v u tin ca vng c a ch l H2 v

cu i ca vng l H12.

a ch v vng

Chn vng

N u dng chut, trc tin bn dng chut di chuyn hin hnh n gc trn bn tri ca vng

cn ch n, sau gi tri chut ko xu ng di qua phi n v tr cu i cng ca vng v th

chut. N u dng phm th sau khi ch n u tin bn gi phm Shift trong khi nhn phm

v n cu i ca vng v th cc phm. (Bn cng c th lm ngc li l ch n

cu i ca vng trc v ko ch n n u tin).

Khi mu n ch n c sheet hin hnh th nhn , cn mu n ch n c workbook (ngha l

ch n tt c cc sheet) th nhp phi chut ln thanh sheet tab v ch n Select All Sheets.

Sao chp v di chuyn vng

Sao chp (copy) gip ta nhn bn mt vng no n mt ni no trong bng tnh v d liu

g c cn nguyn, cn di chuyn vng th cng nh sao chp nhng d liu g c s c di di n

v tr mi. sao chp hay di chuyn trc tin bn phi ch n vng cn sao chp hay di chuyn,

sau c th dng nt lnh, phm tt hay dng chut th c hin:

Dng Ribbon: Ch n vng Home nhm Clipboard nhn nt hay

(Copy hay Cut), n ni ch v Home nhm Clipboard nhn nt (Paste). Bn c

th g i cc lnh trn t th c n ng cnh nhp phi chut.

Chut: Ch n vng gi tri chut v gi thm phm Ctrl n u l sao chp (khng gi thm

phm Ctrl s l lnh di chuyn) ko chut ti ni ch cn sao chp hay di chuyn n v

th chut.

Dn c bit (Paste Special)

Trong qu trnh sao chp i khi chng ta cn dn ni dung sao chp hay ct t b nh vo

vi mt s ch n l c no , khi thay v dng lnh Paste bn hy s dng Paste Special Sau

khi ch n vng, ra lnh Copy, n ch cn sao chp n v nhp phi chut, ch n lnh Paste

Special. hp thoi Paste Special c mt s l a ch n nh bng sau:

Gii thch hp thoi Paste Special

Hng mc M t

All Dn c gi tr v nh dng ca vng ngun

Formulas Dn gi tr v cng thc, khng nh dng

Values Ch dn gi tr v k t qu ca cng thc, khng nh dng

Formats Ch dn vo nh dng, b qua tt c gi tr v cng thc

Comments Ch dn vo ch thch ca cc , b qua tt c gi tr v cng thc

Validation Ch dn vo cc qui nh xc th c d liu cho vng ch

All using source theme Dn vo m i th v dng mu nh dng t vng ngun

All except borders Dn vo m i th v loi b cc khung vin

Column widths Ch dn vo thng tin qui nh chiu rng ct

Formulas and number

formats

Dn vo gi tr, cng thc v cc nh dng g c ca cc con s , cc

nh dng khc b loi b.

Values and number

formats

Dn vo gi tr, k t qu ca cng thc v cc nh dng g c ca cc

con s .

None Khng km theo vic tnh ton no trn d liu sp dn vo

Add Cng cc gi tr ca vng ngun vo cc tng ng vng ch

Subtract Cc mang gi tr ca vng ch s tr i cc tng ng ca vng

ngun.

Multiply Cc mang gia tr ca vng ch s nhn vi cc tng ng ca

vng ngun.

Divide Cc mang gia tr ca vng ch s chia cho cc tng ng ca

vng ngun

Skip blanks . Khng dn cc rng vng ngun vo c gi tr vng ch

Transpose Dn vo v o dng thnh ct hoc ngc li

Paste Link Dn vo v tham chi u ch n ngun

t tn vng

Vic t tn vng c li rt ln trong qu trnh thao thc v x l tnh ton nh: vng c gn

tn s gip gi nh v d hiu cng dng ca n hn l cc a ch n thun, t tn gip vic

tham chi u tnh ton t sai st hn v di chuyn hay ch n cc vng c t tn rt nhanh

chng t Name box (hoc dng Go to F5). Tn di t i a 255 k t khng cha khong

trng v du chm, tn phi bt u l k t khng c bt u l s , tn khng c t

gi ng cc a ch tham chi u. t tn trc tin ta ch n vng cn t tn ch n nhm

Formulas Defined Names Define Name, hp thoi New Name hin ra. y, bn hy

nhp tn vng vo hp Name ch n Scope, nhp ch thch n u cn, xong th nhn OK. Ngoi ra

bn cn c th t tn tr c ti p t hp Name box hoc t tn cho vng ch n t Formulas

Defined Names Create from Selection hoc dng th c n ng cnh.

Mu n m hp thoi qun l cc tn t bn vo nhm Formulas Defined Names

Name Manager. T hp thoi bn c th t tn mi, hiu chnh thng tin cho cc tn hin

hoc xa tn ca cc vng khng dng n,

Thm ch thch cho

hm ch thch vo cc gip cho vic hiu chnh v hiu thng tin m ang cha c r rng

hn. thm ch thch v , chn ch n nhm Review Comments New

Comment v hy nhp ch thch vo. Ngoi ra bn c th nhp phi chut ln cn ch thch

v ch n Insert Comment.

c ch thch ch cn r chut ln c ch thch hoc vo Review Comments

Next hay Previous.

n/ hin ch thch vo Review Comments Show All Comments (n/ hin tt c)

hoc Show/ Hide Comment (n/ hin ch thch ang ch n).

Hiu chnh ch thch vo ch n cn hiu chnh ch thch Review Comments

Edit Comment. Ngoi ra nhanh bn c th nhp phi chut v ch n Edit Comment t

th c n ng cnh.

Xa ch thch vo ch n cn xa ch thch Review Comments Delete. Hoc

nhp phi chut v ch n Delete Comment.

Minh h a cho hin cc ch thch

Chn, xa , dng v ct

Chng ta c th chn thm cc vo bn tri hoc bn trn ca hin hnh trong worksheet v

dch chuyn cc ang ch n qua phi hoc xu ng di. Tng t , ta c th chn thm cc dng

bn trn, chn thm cc ct vo bn tri v c th xa i cc , cc dng v ct.

Chn trng

B1. Ch n cc m bn mu n chn cc tr ng vo (mu n ch n cc khng lin tc th gi

Ctrl trong khi ch n cc ).

B2. Ch n Home ch n nhm Cells Insert Insert Cells B3. Ch n l a ch n ph hp

trong hp thoi Insert

Chn dng

B1. Ch n mt hoc nhiu dng lin tc hoc cch khong m bn mu n chn s dng tng ng

pha trn cc dng ny.

B2. Ch n Home ch n nhm Cells Insert Insert Sheet Rows

Minh h a chn cc dng tr ng ln trn cc dng ang ch n

Chn ct

B1. Ch n mt hoc nhiu ct lin tc hoc cch khong m bn mu n chn s ct tng ng

pha bn tri cc ct ny.

B2. Ch n Home ch n nhm Cells Insert Insert Sheet Columns

Xa cc , dng v ct

B1. Ch n cc , cc dng hoc cc ct cn xa

B2. Ch n Home Cells Delete ch n kiu xa ph hp (xem hnh)

Thay i rng ct v chiu cao dng

Trong worksheet ta c th qui nh rng ct t 0 n 255, y chnh l s k t c th hin th

trong mt dng. rng mc nh ca ct l 8.43 k t , khi rng l 0 th ct c n i.

Tng t , chiu cao ca dng qui nh t 0 n 409, y l n v o lng bng im (point: 1

point = 1/72 inch). Chiu cao mc nh ca dng l 12.75 point, khi chiu cao l 0 th dng b n

i. Cc bc iu chnh dng ct:

B1. Ch n dng hoc ct cn iu chnh chiu cao hoc rng

B2. Ch n Home Cells Format Ch n lnh ph hp

Row Height ch n lnh ny qui nh chiu cao ca dng

AutoFit Row Height ch n lnh ny Excel s t canh chnh chiu cao dng cho ph hp vi ni

dung.

Column Width ch n lnh ny qui nh rng ct

AutoFit Column Width ch n lnh ny Excel s t canh chnh rng ct cho ph hp vi ni

dung.

Default Width ch n lnh ny khi bn mu n qui nh li rng mc nh cho worksheet

hay c workbook. Ta c th qui nh chiu cao dng v rng ct cho c worksheet hay c

workbook bng cch ch n c worksheet hay c workbook trc khi th c hin lnh. Ngoi cch

thay i chiu cao dng v rng ct nh trn, ta cn c th dng chut thao tc nhanh hn.

Mu n thay i rng ct no hy r chut n pha bn phi tiu ct cho xut hin k

hiu v ko chut v bn phi tng hoc ko v bn tri gim rng ct. Tng t , mu n

thay i chiu cao dng no hy r chut n bn di s th t dng cho xut hin k hiu v

ko chut ln trn gim hoc ko xu ng di tng chiu cao dng.

Ta c th qui nh chiu cao dng v rng ct cho c worksheet hay c workbook bng cch

ch n c worksheet hay c workbook trc khi th c hin lnh.

Ngoi cch thay i chiu cao dng v rng ct nh trn, ta cn c th dng chut thao tc

nhanh hn. Mu n thay i rng ct no hy r chut n pha bn phi tiu ct cho xut

hin k hiu v ko chut v bn phi tng hoc ko v bn tri gim rng ct.

Tng t , mu n thay i chiu cao dng no hy r chut n bn di s th t dng cho xut

hin k hiu v ko chut ln trn gim hoc ko xu ng di tng chiu cao dng.

Ni (Merge) v b ni cc (Split)

Ni nhiu thnh mt

Khi n i nhiu thnh mt , n u tt c cc u c d liu th bn cn chuyn h t d liu ln

gc trn cng bn tri ca nhm cn merge v ch c d liu ca ny c gi li, d liu

ca cc khc s b xa.

B1. Ch n cc cn n i li.

B2. Ch n Home Alignment ch n Merge & Center. canh chnh d liu trong dng

cc nt canh chnh trong nhm Algnment.

Chuyn mt ni v li nhiu

Sau khi chuyn n i v li nhiu th ni dung s hin ti gc trn cng bn tri.

B1. Ch n ang b n i.

B2. Ch n Home Alignment ch n li Merge & Center hoc Unmerge Cells u c.

1.4. Di chuyn trong bng tnh v s dng phm tt

Bn c th dng chut, cc phm , thanh cu n d c, thanh cu n ngang, sheet tab, cc

t hp phm tt di chuyn qua li gia cc sheet hay i n cc ni bt k trong bng tnh.

Thanh cun dc, thanh cun ngang

Thanh cu n d c v thanh cu n ngang c g i chung l cc thanh cu n (scroll bars). Bi v mn

hnh Excel ch c th hin th (cho xem) mt phn ca bng tnh ang thao tc, nn ta phi dng

thanh cun dc xem phn bn trn hay bn di bng tnh v dng thanh cun ngang xem

phn bn tri hay bn phi ca bng tnh.

Thanh cu n d c l thanh di nht, nm d c bn l phi; hai u c hai mi tn ln v mi tn

xu ng; gia c thanh trt cu n mn hnh ln xu ng.

Thanh cu n ngang l thanh nm ngang, th hai t di mn hnh m ln. C hnh dng gi ng

thanh cu n d c, ch khc l nm ngang.

Thanh cu n ngang

Thao tc:

Nhp chut vo mi tn sang tri cu n mn hnh i sang tri.

Nhp chut vo mi tn sang phi cu n mn hnh sang phi.

Thanh Sheet tab

di chuyn qua li gia cc sheet ta nhp chut ln tn ca sheet trn thanh sheet tab. Ngoi ra

chng ta c th dng di chuyn n sheet lin trc sheet hin hnh v

di chuyn n sheet lin sau sheet hin hnh. tr v sheet u tin bn

nhp chut v nt trn thanh sheet tab v n sheet cu i cng th bn nhp chut vo nt

trn thanh sheet tab. N u mu n n mt sheet no trong trng hp c qu nhiu sheet th

bn hy nhp phi chut vo thanh v ch n tn sheet cn n.

S dng cc t hp phm tt di chuyn

n c ni cn thi t trong bng tnh ngoi vic dng chut cu n cc thanh cu n ngang v

d c, cc phm mi tn th bn nn nh cc t hp phm bng bn di gip di chuyn c

nhanh hn.

Nhn phm Di chuyn

hoc Tab Sang bn phi

hoc Shift + Tab Sang bn tri

Ln dng

Xu ng dng

Home n ct A ca dng hin hnh

Ctrl + Home n a ch A1 trong worksheet

Ctrl + End n a ch c cha d liu sau cng trong worksheet

Alt + Page Up Di chuyn hin hnh qua tri mt mn hnh

Alt + Page Down Di chuyn hin hnh qua phi mt mnh hnh

Page Up Di chuyn hin hnh ln trn mt mn hnh

Cc phm tt di chuyn nhanh trong bng tnh

1.5 Thao tc vi workbook

To mi workbook

Ch n nt Office New, mt hp thoi hin ra (xem hnh bn di) cung cp nhiu l a ch n

to workbook nh: workbook tr ng, workbook theo mu d ng sn, workbook d a trn mt

workbook c. to workbook tr ng, bn ch n Blank workbook v nhp nt Create.

Page Down Di chuyn hin hnh xu ng di mt mn hnh

F5 M hp thoi Go To

End + hoc Ctrl + n bn phi u tin m trc hoc sau n l tr ng

End + hoc Ctrl + n bn tri u tin m trc hoc sau n l tr ng

End + hoc Ctrl + Ln pha trn u tin m trn hoc di n l tr ng

End + hoc Ctrl + Xu ng pha di u tin m trn hoc di n l tr ng

Ctrl + Page Up Di chuyn n sheet pha trc sheet hin hnh

Ctrl + Page Down Di chuyn n sheet pha sau sheet hin hnh

M workbook c sn trn a

Mt tp tin c sn c th c m bng nhiu cch:

1. Ch n nt Office ch n tn tp tin trong danh sch Recent Documents, c th c t i

a 50 tn tp tin c s dng gn y nht trong danh sch ny ( iu chnh th nhn

vo nt Office Excel Options Advance phn Display Show this

number of Recent Documents ).

2. Dng trnh qun l tp tin nh Windows Explorer, tm n ni lu tr tp tin v nhp

chut hai ln ln tn tp tin.

3. Ch n nt Office Open, hp thoi Open hin ra. Trong hp thoi Open, chng ta

phi tm n ni lu tr tp tin (ti Look In) v ch n tn tp tin cn m sau nhn nt

Open m tp tin. Cc ty ch n ca nt Open trong hp thoi Open: Open (m bnh

thng), Open Read-Only (Khng lu c nhng thay i), Open as Copy (To bn

sao ca tp tin v m ra), Open in Browser (M tp tin bng trnh duyt web mc nh),

Open and Repair (Rt hu dng trong trng hp tp tin b li).

Lu workbook

t iu cn lu khi lm vic trn my tnh l cc bn phi nh th c hin lnh lu li cng vic

th c hin thng xuyn. Vic ra lnh lu tr khng t n nhiu thi gian nhng n u my b

hng hay cp in t ngt c th mt tong c gi lm vic ca bn. Nhm an ton cho d liu,

bn nn bt tnh nng Auto Recover, Excel s t ng th c hin lnh lu theo thi gian qui nh

(mc nh l 10 pht lu mt ln). s dng tnh nng Auto Recover bn ch n nt Office

Excel Options Save, sau nh du ch n vo Save AutoRecover information

every minutes.

Mt s cch lu workbook:

1. Ch n nt Office Save

2. Nhp chut ln nt trn thanh lnh truy cp nhanh (Quick Access Tollbar).

3. Dng t hp phm hoc .

N u tp tin c lu trc ri th Excel s lu ti p cc phn cp nht, cn n u l tp tin

c ra lnh lu ln u th hp thoi Save As hin ra. Trong hp thoi Save As, bn hy ch n

ni lu tr tp tin (ti Look In) v t tn cho tp tin ti hp File name, ch n kiu tp tin ti

Save as type v sau nhn nt Save lu tr.

Minh h a lu tp tin

Qui tt t tn: t tn tp tin Excel dng chung qui tt t tn tp tin ca Windows. Tn tp

tin c th di ti 255 k t bao gm c khong trng. Tuy nhin trong tn tp tin khng c

dng cc k hiu nh: \ ? : * < > |

bo mt tp tin, chng ta c th gn mt m bo v, khi cn phi bi t mt m mi c

php m tp tin (tr nhng cch t o!).

B1. Nhn nt Office Save As, hp thoi Save As hin ra.

B2. Nhn nt Tools ch n General Options, hp thoi General Options hin ra

B3. Nhp mt m m v hiu chnh workbook (hai mt m ny nn khc nhau tng bo mt).

Sau nhn nt OK

B4. Xc nhn li mt m m workbook. Sau nhn nt OK

B5. Xc nhn li mt m hiu chnh workbook. Sau nhn nt OK

B6. Nhn nt Save hon tt.

Dng mt m bo v workbook

Cc ty ch n trong hp General Options: Always create backup (to bn sao c ui *.xlk trc

khi gn mt m), Password to Open (mt m m workbook), Password to modify (mt m

cp nht ni dung workbook), Read-only recommended (m di dng ch c).

ng workbook

Mt s cch ng workbook:

1. Ch n nt Office Close

2. Dng chut ch n nt gc trn bn phi (trn thanh tiu ).

3. Dng t hp phm hoc . N u workbook c s thay i ni dung th

Excel s nhc bn lu li cc thay i .

Sp xp workbook

Chi m nhiu workbook cng lc v cn tham kho qua li, thun tin ta nn sp x p li: R

chut nhn vo nhm lnh View ch n nt Arrange All Ch n kiu b tr thch hp.

Sp x p cc workbook trong ca s Excel

1.6. Thao tc vi worksheet

Chn thm worksheet mi vo workbook

C nhiu cch th c hin:

1. Nhn vo nt trn thanh sheet tab

2. Dng t hp phm chn sheet mi vo trc sheet hin hnh.

3. Nhn ch n nhm Home n nhm Cells Insert Insert sheet

4. Nhp phi chut ln thanh sheet tab v ch n Insert, hp thoi Insert hin ra, ch n

Worksheet v nhn nt OK. Sheet mi s chn vo trc sheet hin hnh.

Minh h a chn sheet mi

i tn worksheet

Nhp phi chut ln tn sheet cn i tn thanh sheet tab, ch n Rename, g tn mi vo, xong

nhn phm Enter. Tn sheet c th di ti 31 k t v c th dng khong trng, tuy nhin khng

c dng cc k hiu t tn nh: : / \ ? *

Xa worksheet

Mu n xa work sheet, bn lm theo cc cch sau:

1. Ch n sheet mu n xa ch n nhm Home ch n nhm Cells Delete Delete

sheet

2. Nhp phi chut ln tn sheet mu n xa sau ch n Delete, xc nhn xa OK.

Sp xp th t cc worksheet

C nhiu cch th c hin sp x p worksheet nh:

1. Nhp tri chut ln tn sheet cn sp x p v gi chut ko n v tr mi v th chut.

2. Khi c qu nhiu sheet th dng cch ny, nhp phi chut ln tn sheet cn sp x p, ch n

Move or Copy. hp thoi Move or Copy hin ra. Hy nhp ch n ln tn sheet trong danh sch

m bn mu n di chuyn sheet n trc n, sau nhn OK.

Sao chp worksheet

Nhp phi chut ln sheet, ch n Move or Copych n v tr t bn sao trong vng Before

sheet nh du ch n vo hp Creat a copy nhn nt OK. Ngoi ra sao chp nhanh

bn nhn gi phm Ctrl ri dng chut ch n ln tn sheet cn sao chp gi tri chut r n

v tr t bn sao trn thanh sheet tab th tri chut.

sao chp nhiu sheet cng lc cng lm tng t nhng phi ch n nhiu sheet trc khi

th c hin lnh. ch n c nhiu sheet bn hy gi phm ch n sheet.

chp mt hay nhiu sheet sang mt workbook khc, bn hy m workbook ln sau

th c hin lnh Move or Copy v nh ch n tn workbook ch ti To book (n u ch n

workbook ch (new book) th s sao chp cc sheet n mt workbook mi).

Chn mu cho sheet tab

Vic t mu gip qun l thanh sheet tab c t t hn. t mu cho cc sheet tab bn ch cn

nhp phi chut ln tn sheet cn t mu, ti p theo hy ch n Tab Color v ch n mu thch hp.

n/ Hin worksheet

Khi bn khng mu n ngi khc thy mt hay nhiu sheet no th bn c th n n i. Khng

th n h t cc sheet trong workbook m phi cn li t nht mt sheet khng b n. Mu n n

sheet bn ch cn nhp phi chut ln tn sheet mu n n v ch n Hide th l sheet c n.

Khi mu n cho hin tr li mt sheet, bn nhp phi chut ln thanh Sheet tab v ch n Unhide

sau ch n tn sheet cn cho hin v nhn nt OK.

1.7 S dng cc ch hin th trong qu trnh thao tc

Trong qu trnh thao tc trn bng tnh i khi chng ta cn phng to hay thu nh cc ca s

c c gc nhn t t hn, hoc xem ni dung ca cng mt worksheet di nhiu gc khc

nhau, hoc chia ca s worksheet thnh nhiu Tab d dng tham chi u, hay gi c nh tiu

mt danh sch di trong khi cu n cc thanh cu n,

S dng thanh Zoom

Excel 2010 b tr thanh cng c Zoom dng phng to thu nh khung lm vic ca bng tnh.

Thanh zoom nm ngay gc di bn phi mn hnh v c th gip thu nh v phng to khung

lm vic t 10% n ti 400%, phng to th nhn v nt du cng cn thu nh th nhn vo nt

du tr.

Thanh Zoom

Xem v so snh worksheet trong nhiu ca s

Tnh nng ny c bit hu ch khi bn mu n xem mt worksheet hay cc worksheet trong cng

mt workbook di nhiu gc khc nhau, mi mt nhn bn xem s c gn thm ch s

pha sau tn tp tin. Ch n nhm View Window New Window

so snh hai worksheet th sau khi lm bc trn bn ch n ti p nhm View Window

View Side by Side. Khi s dng chc nng ny khi bn cu n thanh cu n ca s ny th

ca s kia cng c cu n theo. tt tnh nng cu n ng thi ny bn vo View Window

Synchronous Scrolling (n u n ang bt).

Chia khung bng tnh lm nhiu phn v c nh vng tiu

Tnh nng rt hay c dng khi thao tc trn cc danh sch di hoc trong tnh ton cn phi

th c hin nhiu vic tham chi u. chia ca s bng tnh: t hin hnh ti vi tr cn chia trn

bng tnh, sau ch n View Window Split. b khung bng tnh th nhn nt Split

li mt ln na hoc nhp chut 2 ln ln ng chia d c v ngang. Ngoi ra, u ca cc

thanh cu n d c v ngang c mt ngn nh m khi r chut ln s c biu tng (cng

c chia nhanh khung bng tnh), bn gi tri chut v ko ra ni mu n chia trn ca s lm vic

ca bng tnh.

Minh h a chia 4, chia 2 d c, chia 2 ngang

Ngoi vic chia khung lm vic, Excel cn h tr bn c nh mt vng no trn ca s lm

vic v d nh dng tiu ca mt danh sch. Vic c nh ny rt hu ch v n gip ta lun

thy c dng tiu mc d cu n mn hnh xu ng pha di nhp liu. c nh bn

hy t hin hnh ti v tr cn c nh, sau ch n View Window Freeze Panes

ch n kiu c nh ph hp. N u ch n:

Freeze Panes: S c nh dng pha trn v ct bn tri hin hnh

Freeze Top Row: C nh dng u tin ang nhn thy ca danh sch

Freeze First Column: C nh ct u tin ang nhn thy ca danh sch

Minh h a c nh cc tiu

b c nh th vo View Window Freeze Panes Unfreeze Panes

S dng Watch Window

Tnh nng ny gip ta theo di cc trong qu trnh tnh ton. Bn mu n gim st no th a

n vo danh sch gim st ca s ca Watch Window. G i ca s Watch Window bn ch n

nhm Formulas Formula Auditing Watch Window, sau ch n cn theo di v

nhn vo nt Add Watch trn ca s Watch Window.

Ca s Watch Window

Chng 2: Lm vic vi d liu trong Excel

2.1. Nhp liu, hiu chnh

Cc trong bng tnh c th cha cc con s , cc chui vn bn hay cc biu thc ton h c.

Ngoi ra bng tnh cn c th cha cc biu , s , hnh nh, cc i tng ny khng

cha trong m ni trn b mt bng tnh.

Nhp liu

Nhp s, chui, thi gian, ngy thng nm

B1. Trn worksheet, ch n cn nhp liu

B2. Nhp vo con s , chui vn bn, ngy thng hay thi gian, m bn cn

B3. Nhp xong nhn Enter ( hin hnh chuyn xu ng di) hoc Tab ( hin hnh chuyn qua

phi) k t thc.

Lu :

N u nhp cc con s vo m Excel hin th ##### l do chiu rng ct khng bn bn tng

thm chiu rng ct.

Mc nh Excel s dng du chm (.) phn cch phn s nguyn v phn s thp phn.

Khi nhp cc con s m cc con s ny khng cn tnh ton th bn nn nh dng l Text

trc khi nhp (Home nhm Number ch n Text t danh sch).

Ngy v thi gian nhp vo th n dng nh dng ngy mc nh trong Control Panel

Regional and Language Options.

Khi nhp ngy dng du / hoc - phn cch, v d 10/05/2007 hoc 10-05-2007. Khi

mu n nhp ngy hin ti vo hy g . Khi mu n dng nh dng ngy mc nh cho

cha ngy th ch n v g .

Khi nhp thi gian v mu n nh dng theo chun 12 gi th thm A hoc P vo sau thi

gian nhp vo, v d 8:30 AM hoc 4:15 PM, n u khng Excel t hiu l AM. Khi mu n nhp

thi gian hin ti vo hy g . Khi mu n dng nh dng thi gian mc nh

cho cha thi gian th ch n v g . Mu n nhp cng mt ni dung cho nhiu

, bn hy ch n cc v nhp liu vo sau nhn . Ngoi ra cn c th s dng

chc nng AutoFill (phn sau). Mu n nhp cng ni dung trn cc nhiu sheet, bn hy ch n

cc sheet , sau ch n cc trn sheet hin hnh, ti p theo nhp liu (c th mt d liu do b

nhp ln cc c d liu). b ch n cc sheet th nhp phi chut ln thanh sheet tab v

ch n Ungroup Sheets.

V d nhp cc loi d liu

Nhp cc k t c bit

B1. Mu n nhp k t c bit vo, trc tin ch n v n ni cn chn trong .

B2. Ch n Insert nhm Text ch n Symbol

B3. Trong hp thoi Symbol hy ch n k t cn, c th i kiu Font ti hp Font.

B4. Nhn nt Insert chn.

V d chn vo

Hy lnh (Undo), phc hi lnh (Redo), lp li lnh sau cng

hy mt lnh va th c hin bn nhn chut ln nt hay dng phm

ang nhp liu vo mu n hy th nhn phm ESC

phc hi lnh va hy th nhn nt hay dng phm

th c hin li lnh sau cng nhn

Hiu chnh ni dung

Xa ni dung cc B1. Ch n mt hoc nhiu cn xa

B2. Nhn Delete trn bn phm (xa cch ny th ch xa ni dung cc nh dng ca vn cn).

Ngoi ra xa bn c th vo Home nhm Editing Clear ( ) v ch n cc lnh:

Clear All: Xa tt c ni dung v nh dng

Clear Formats: Ch xa phn nh dng ca

Clear Contents: Ch xa ni dung, cn nh dng

Clear Comments: Ch xa cc ch thch ca n u c

Lu cc lnh trn khng xa c nh dng ca bng (table)

Nhp ln c sn ni dung

Mu n nhp ln cc c sn ni dung, trc tin bn hy ch n v nhp vo ni dung

mi. Khi , ni dung c ca s mt i v thay bng ni dung va nhp .

Hiu chnh ni dung cc

Mu n hiu chnh ni dung sn c ca bn lm cc cch sau:

1. Nhp chut hai ln ln cn hiu chnh dng chut hoc cc phm mi tn di chuyn

n ni cn hiu chnh dng phm Backspace hoc Delete xa mt s ni dung sau nhp

vo ni dung mi.

2. Ch n cn hiu chnh v nhn F2 vo ch hiu chnh v lm tng t nh trn

3. Ch n cn hiu chnh, sau nhp chut vo thanh cng thc (Formula)

S dng cc k thut khi nhp liu

S dng chc nng AutoFill

S dng cng c ny Excel s gip bn in t ng d liu theo cc mu AutoFill c sn. Ngoi

ra bn cn c th to thm cc mu phc v cho cng vic ca mnh.

Danh sach mt s AutoFill co san

Cc gi tr khi u Chui sau khi m rng

1, 2, 3 4, 5, 6

9:00 10:00, 11:00, 12:00

Mon Tue, Wed, Thu

Monday Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday

Jan Feb, Mar, Apr

Jan, Apr Jul, Oct, Jan

Jan-99, Apr-99 Jul-99, Oct-99, Jan-00

15-Jan, 15-Apr 15-Jul, 15-Oct

1999, 2000 2001, 2002, 2003

1-Jan, 1-Mar 1-May, 1-Jul, 1-Sep,...

Qtr3 (or Q3 or Quarter3) Qtr4, Qtr1, Qtr2,...

Product 1, On backorder Product 2, On backorder, Product 3, On backorder,...

Text1, textA text2, textA, text3, textA,...

1st Period 2nd Period, 3rd Period,...

Product 1 Product 2, Product 3,...

Bn mu n in cc s l trong khong t 1 n 25 vo ct A bn lm nh sau:

B1. Ch n u tin A1 v nhp vo s 1

B2. Ch n ti p theo A2 nhp vo s 3 (bc nhy bng 3-1 = 2, Excel s cng s 2 vo cha

s l trc c c s l k ti p).

B3. Ch n hai A1:A2, di chuyn chut xu ng du vung nh mu en (Fill handle) gc di

bn phi vng ch n cho chut bi n thnh du cng mu en.

B4. Gi tri chut ko xu ng pha di cho n khi hin s 25 th dng li.

Khi bn mu n in t ng (sao chp) d liu hay cng thc ca hin hnh cho cc bn

tri, bn phi, pha trn hay bn di n th bn lm theo cc cch sau:

1. Ch n hin hnh ang cha d liu hay cng thc cn sao chp, sau gi Fill handle v

ko theo hng bn cn (ln, xu ng, tri hay phi). Khi d liu hay biu thc s c sao

chp.

2. Ch n cha d liu (hay cng thc) cn sao chp v tt c cc cn sao d liu n, sau

vo Home nhm Editing Fill ch n hng ph hp (Down, Right, Up, Left).

T to danh sch AutoFill bn vo nt Office Excel Options Popular trong

phn trong phn Top options for working with Excel ch n Edit Custom Lists hp

thoi Custom Lists hin ra. Ti y, bn hy nhp vo danh sch trong khung List entries, sau

khi nhp xong nhn nt Add thm vo Custom lists v k t lc ny bn c th s dng chc

nng AutoFill vi danh sch t to ca bn.

Mu n xa mt danh sch th bn ch cn ch n danh sch v nhn nt Delete.

N u mu n hiu chnh danh sch th ch n danh sch v hiu chnh trong List entries, sau

khi hiu chnh xong nhn nt Add.

S dng chc nng Automatic Completion

Chc nng Automatic Completion gip bn nhp cc chui vn bn gi ng nhau cc c

nhanh chng hn. Tuy nhin, chc nng ny i khi cng lm bn kh chu, bt tt bn vo

nt Office Excel Options ch n Tab Advance ti Editing options Enable

AutoComplete for cell values.

S dng chc nng AutoCorrect

AutoCorrect gip bn sa cc li chnh t nhp liu khi nhp bng ti ng Anh, ngoi ra n cn

gip nhp nhanh cc k hiu hay cc on vn bn lp i lp li. Chng ta c th thm vo cc

cm t m chng ta thng hay dng vo danh sch ca AutoCorrect. thm t vo danh sch

AutoCorrect lm theo cc bc sau:

B1. Ch n nt Office Excel Options Proofing AutoCorrect Options

B2. Ti Tab AutoCorrect ch n Replace text as you type th chc nng ny mi c tc dng

B3. Trong hp Replace g cm t thng hay g sai (hoc g vo m t c k)

B4. Trong hp With g cm t ng vo (hoc g vo nguyn bn ca m t c k)

B5. Nhn nt Add thm vo danh sch

hiu chnh mt mc t trong danh sch th ch n mc t v g ni dung mi vo hai hp

Replace v With, sau nhn nt Replace. Mu n xa mt mc t trong danh sch th ch n mc

t v nhn nt Delete.

Minh h a thm m t c k vn v nguyn vn

2.2. nh dng

nh dng chung

Cc nt nh dng thng dng ca Excel c b tr rt thun li truy cp trong nhm Home ca

thanh Ribbon. Trong qu trnh son tho, tnh ton trn Excel, mi khi cn nh dng bn ch

vic nhn chut ln nt lnh ph hp di y.

nh dng vn bn v s

Khi cn cc nh dng phc tp hn m trn thanh Ribbon khng c nt lnh th bn truy cp

vo hp thoi Format Cells: Ch n Home nhm Cells Format Format Cells

Gii thch hp thoi Format Cells

nh dng M t

Tab Number

Category Danh sch cc loi nh dng s , gi tr

Sample Hin th nh dng ca gi tr trong hin hnh theo cc nh dng bn

ch n

Decimal places T i a c th c 30 s sau du thp phn, ch p dng cho dng Number,

Currency, Accounting, Percentage, v Scientific.

Use 1000 Separator (,) Ch n ny n u mu n c du phn cch gia hng nghn, triu, tch p

dng cho dng Number

Negative numbers Ch n loi nh dng th hin cho s m, ch p dng cho dng Number v

Currency.

Symbol Ch n loi k hiu tin t, ch p dng cho dng Currency v Accounting

Type Ch n kiu hin th ph hp cho gi tr , ch p dng cho cc dng Date,

Time, Fraction, Special, v Custom.

Locale (location) Ch n loi ngn ng khc p dng nh dng gi tr, ch p dng cho

cc dng Date, Time, v Special.

Tab Alignment

Text alignment Horizontal C cc l a ch n dng canh chnh ni dung theo chiu ngang. Mc

nh Excel canh l tri cho vn bn, l phi cho gi tr , cc gi tr lun l

v cc li c canh gia.

Vertical C cc l a ch n dng canh chnh ni dung theo chiu d c. Mc nh

Excel canh l di cho vn bn.

Indent Tht u cc dng ni dung ca .

Orientation Ch n cc hng ca vn bn trong cc .

Degrees t gi tr xoay vn bn. Cc gi tr t -90 n 90

Text control Wrap text Ni dung trong c xu ng nhiu dng ty thuc vo rng ct v

di ni dung. (xem chi ti t phn di)

Shrink to fit Gim kch c ch tt c ni dung trong va vi rng ct

Merge cells N i cc ch n thnh mt ( trnh by phn trn)

Right-to-left Text direction Xc nh trnh t c v canh l

Tab Font

Font Ch n kiu Font cho cc , font mc nh l Calibri

Font style Ch n kiu thng, in nghin, in mca Font ch, kiu mc nh l

Regular.

Size Kch thc font ch , t c 1 n 1638 v mc nh l c ch 11 point.

Underline Ch n kiu gch chn cho vn bn trong danh sch, mc nh l None.

Color Ch n mu cho vn bn, mc nh l Automatic (do Excel t ch n mu)

Normal font N u ch n s loi b cc nh dng Font khc v tr v dng bnh thng

Effects Strikethrough C thm ng gch ngang vn bn

Superscript Lm cho vn bn co li v y ln trn

Subscript Lm cho vn bn co li v y xu ng di

Preview Xem trc k t qu nh dng bn va ch n

Tab Border

Line Ch n kiu v kch c cc ng k khung, sau ch n cc nt bn hp

Border k

Presets Ch n khng k khung, k ng bao v k cc ng phn cch gia cc

Color Ch n mu cho cc ng k

Border Cc nt bao quanh hnh minh h a dng k cc ng bao cc

Tab Fill

Background Color Ch n mu nn cho cc . Fill Effects cung cp cc hiu ng t mu nn

(xem chi ti t phn di).

More Colors B sung thm cc mu v cng c pha ch mu.

Pattern Color Cc mu mu nn

Pattern Style cc kiu mu t nn . Xem trc k t qu ch n mu v kiu mu ti

Sample

Tab Protection

Locked Kha vic thay i, di chuyn, xa, cc , ch c tc dng khi sheet

c bo v

Hidden n cng thc trong , ch co tc dng khi sheet c bo v (xem phn

sau)

General Excel mc nh dng kiu ny nh dng gi tr, khi s di hn 12 s

th nh dng

General chuyn sang dng Scientific

Number Dng nh dng cc con s , bn c th ch n du phn cch thp phn

v qui nh s con s sau du thp phn, ng thi c th ch n kiu hin

th s m.

Currency Dng nh dng cc n v tin t cho cc gi tr, ta c th ch n du

phn cch thp phn v nh s con s sau du thp phn, ng thi c

th ch n kiu hin th s m.

Accounting Dng nh dng cc n v tin t trong k ton, n t k hiu tin t

v gi tr hai ct khc nhau.

Date Dng nh dng cc gi tr ngy v thi gian ty theo ch n l a ti phn

Type v Locale (location). Cc Type c du (*) l nh dng ly t h

th ng (Control Panel).

Time Dng nh dng cc gi tr ngy v thi gian ty theo ch n l a ti

phn Type v Locale (location). Cc Type c du (*) l nh dng ly t

h th ng (Control Panel).

Percentage nh dng ny ly gi tr trong nhn vi 100 v thm du % vo sau k t

qu, bn c th ch n du phn cch thp phn v qui nh s con s sau

du thp phn.

Fraction nh dng ny hin th con s di dng phn s ty theo Type bn ch n.

Scientific Hin th con s di dng khoa h c . V d, s

12345678901 nh dng theo Scientific l 1.23E+10, ngha l 1.23 x 1010.

Bn c th ch n du phn cch thp phn v qui nh s con s sau du

thp phn.

Text nh dng ni dung gi ng nh nhng g nhp vo k c cc con s .

Special nh dng cc con s dng m bu chnh (ZIP Code), s in thoi, s

bo him

Custom Dng hiu chnh cc m nh dng ang p dng hay to mi cc nh

dng do bn p dng. Ta c th thm vo t 200 n 250 nh dng t to

ty theo ngn ng v phin bn Excel. (xem phn sau)

S dng Wrap Text

Khi bn mu n on vn bn di trong c nhiu dng th bn dng chc nng wrap text hoc

dng xu ng dng ti v tr mong mu n.

B1. Ch n cn nh dng Wrap text, v d A1

B2. Ch n Home Alignment ch n Wrap Text ( ). N u dng khng t ng m rng

l do b thi t lp chiu cao c nh, bn vo Home Cells Format ti Cells Size

ch n AutoFit Row Height

Xoay ch (Orientation)

B1. Ch n cc cn xoay ch A1:D1

B2. Ch n Home nhm Alignment Orientation Angle Counterclockwise

nh dng khung (border)

K ng bao xung quanh vng B2:E18 m, c ng phn cch gia cc bng nt mnh v

mu tt c ng k l mu .

B1. Ch n danh sch cn k khung B2:E18

B2. Ch n Home nhm Cells Format Ch n Format Cells

B3. Vo Tab Border, ch n mu l Red ( ) ti Color

B4. Ch n Style l nt m , sau ch n nt Outline ti Preset

B5. Ch n Style l nt mnh , sau ch n nt Inside ti Preset

B6. Nhn OK hon tt

Hiu ng t nn (Fill effect)

B1. Ch n vng cn t mu nn B2:E18

B2. Ch n Home nhm Cells Format Ch n Format Cells

B3. Vo Tab Fill Ch n Fill Effects

B4. Ch n cc mu cn ph i hp: Color 1 (v d l mu vng Yellow) v Color 2 (Blue)

B5. Ch n Shading styles l Vertical v ch n kiu th 3

B6. Nhn OK hai ln hon tt.

T ng nh dng c iu kin.

Vi Excel 2010 nh dng c iu kin s gip bn ch ra cc mu trong d liu v s dng rt

n gin. Ch cn nh du mt nhm cc v kch vo Conditional Formatting trn ribbon

Home. Khi a chut trn nhng l a ch n, bn s thy preview ca n ngay lp tc. C th gn

cho mi mt mu phn nh th hng ca n trong ton b di cc gi tr, thm mt thanh d

liu trong su t phn nh gi tr ca Cch thc ti n hnh ny cho php n gin hn rt nhiu

so vi s phc tp trong hp thoi Conditional Formatting ca Excel 2003.

Bng v nh dng bng (table)

Excel thi t lp sn rt nhiu biu mu nh dng bng v cn h tr to thm cc biu mu mi.

Excel ch cho php xa cc biu mu t to thm v cho php xa nh dng bng. Ngoi ra ta c

th hiu chnh nh dng bng khi cn thi t.

p nh dng bng cho danh sch v chuyn danh sch thnh bng

B1. Ch n danh B2:E18

B2. Ch n Home nhm Styles ch n Format As Table

B3. Ca s Style lit k rt nhiu biu mu nh dng bng, ch n mt trong cc biu mu. V d

ch n mu Light s 9

B4. Ca s Format As Table hin ln nhn OK xc nhn.

to mu mi th ti bc 3 ch n New Table Style, sau t tn cho biu mu mi v

nhn Format ch bi n biu mu.

Mu n xa mt mu t to th vo Home Style Format As Table, ti phn Custom nhp

phi chut ln biu mu v ch n Delete.

Cc ty ch n hiu chnh bng c Table Tools Tab Design trn thanh Ribbon

Xa kiu nh dng bng ang p dng v chuyn bng v danh sch

xa mt kiu nh dng bng ang p dng, trc tin hy ch n bng, ti Tab Design vo

nhm Table Styles ch n More ( ) ch n Clear. n lc ny vng ch n vn cn l

bng do vy n c cc tnh nng ca bng.

chuyn mt bng v thnh danh sch th ch n bng, sau vo Tab Design, ti nhm Tools

ch n Convert to Range.

S dng mu nh dng ti liu (Document Themes)

Cc mu ti liu d ng sn gip ngi s dng to nn cc ti liu c dng v chuyn nghip v

rt d s dng. Cc biu mu ti liu c thi t k sn vi nhiu mu, font ch, hnh nh,

th, vi nhiu hiu ng p mt. Ngoi ra chng ta cn c th hiu chnh v ch bi n cc mu

ny.

p dng biu mu ti liu bn vo ch n nhm Page Layout Themes Ch n mt

biu mu t danh sch.

C th hiu chnh biu mu: vo Colors ch n li mu, vo Fonts ch n li kiu Font v

vo Effects ch n li hiu ng.

Lu bng phi p dng Style th mi c tc dng.

To biu mu mi Colors v Font bn vo Page Layout Themes ch n Colors

ch n Create New Themes Colors hay Page Layout Themes ch n Fonts ch n

Create New Themes Fonts. Nh lu li (Save) sau khi to.

Khi i kiu mu khc ng lot cc i tng c p dng biu mu thay i nh dng v

khng b thay i ni dung.

2.3 Tm v thay th d liu

tm d liu hoc tm v thay th d liu:

Kch nt Find & Select trn nhm Editing ca tab Home

Ch n Find hoc Replace

Hp thoi Find and Replace xut hin, nhp t mu n tm trong mc Find What (n u bn

ch n Find bc trn) hoc nhp t mu n tm trong mc Find What v t thay th trong mc

Replace with (n u bn ch n Replace bc trn).

Kch nt Options tm thm cc ty ch n

2.4 Sp xp v lc d liu

Sort (sp xp) v Filter (lc) l nhng tnh nng cho php bn thao tc d liu trong mt

bng tnh c thi t lp d a trn cc tiu chun.

Sp xp

th c hin mt sp x p theo chiu tng dn hay gim dn trn mt ct:

nh du cc mu n c sp x p

Kch nt Sort & Filter trn tab Home

Kch nt Sort Ascending (A-Z) hay Sort Descending (Z-A)

Ty chnh sp xp

sp x p nhiu hn mt ct:

Kch nt Sort & Filter trn tab Home

Ch n ct m bn mu n sp x p u tin

Kch Add Level

Ch n ct ti p theo bn mu n sp x p

Kch OK

Lc d liu

B l c cho php bn ch hin th d liu m p ng cc tiu chun nht nh. s dng b

l c:

Kch vo ct hoc ch n cc ct cha d liu m bn mu n l c

Trn tab Home, kch Sort & Filter

Kch nt Filter

Kch vo mi tn pha di u tin

Kch Text Filter

Kch Words bn mu n l c

Nhn chut vo y xem

nh g c

khng p dng b l c, kch nt Sort & Filter

Kch Clear

Chng 3: Gii Thiu V S Dng Cc Hm

3.1 Gii thiu cng thc v hm:

Gii thiu cng thc (Formula)

Cng thc gip bng tnh hu ch hn rt nhiu, n u khng c cc cng thc th bng tnh cng

gi ng nh trnh son tho vn bn. Chng ta dng cng thc tnh ton t cc d liu lu tr

trn bng tnh, khi d liu thay i cc cng thc ny s t ng cp nht cc thay i v tnh ra

k t qu mi gip chng ta t n cng sc tnh li nhiu ln. Vy cng thc c cc thnh phn

g?

Cng thc trong Excel c nhn dng l do n bt u l du = v sau l s k t hp ca cc

ton t, cc tr s , cc a ch tham chi u v cc hm.

V d:

V d v cng thc

Cc ton t trong cng thc

Ton t Chc nng V d Kt qu

+ Cng =3+3 3 cng 3 l 6

- Tr =45-4 45 tr 4 cn 41

* Nhn =150*.05 150 nhn 0.50 thnh 7.5

/ Chia =3/3 3 chia 3 l 1

^ Ly tha =2^4 =16^(1/4) 2 ly tha 4 thnh 16 Ly cn

bc 4 ca 16 thnh 2

& N i chui =L & Thanh N i chui L v Thanh li

thnh L Thanh

= Bng =A1=B1 V d A1=3, B1=6 K t qu:

FALSE

> Ln hn =A1>B1 V d A1=3, B1=6 K t qu:

FALSE

< Nh hn =A1= Ln hn hoc

bng

=A1>=B1 V d A1=3, B1=6 K t qu:

FALSE

Ton t M t u tin

: (hai chm) (1 khong trng) , (du phy) Ton t tham chi u 1

S m (v d 1) 2

% Phn trm 3

^ Ly tha 4

* v / Nhn v chia 5

+ v Cng v tr 6

& N i chui 7

= < > = So snh 8

Gii thiu hm (Function)

Hm trong Excel c lp trnh sn dng tnh ton hoc th c hin mt chc nng no . Vic

s dng thnh tho cc hm s gip chng ta ti t kim c rt nhiu thi gian so vi tnh ton

th cng khng dng hm. Cc hm trong Excel rt a dng bao trm nhiu lnh v c, c nhng

hm khng yu cu i s , c nhng hm yu cu mt hoc nhiu i s , v cc i s c th l

bt buc hoc t ch n.

V d:

=Rand(): hm khng c i s

=If(A1>=5,t,Rt): hm 3 i s

=PMT(10%,4,1000,,1): hm nhiu i s v i s ty ch n

Trong Excel 2010 c cc hm chnh nh sau:

Hm ngoi: Call, Registed.ID,

Hm ly d liu t SSAS: Cubeset, Cubevalue,

Hm d liu: Dmin, Dmax, Dcount,

Hm ngy v thi gian: Time, Now, Date,.

Hm k thut: Dec2Bin, Dec2Hex, Dec2Oct,

Hm ti chnh: Npv, Pv, Fv, Rate,

Hm thng tin: Cell, Thng tin, IsNa,

Hm lun l: If, And, Or,

Hm tham chi u v tm ki m: Choose, Vlookup, OffSet,

Hm ton v lng gic: Log, Mmult, Round,

Hm th ng k: Stdev, Var, CountIf,

Hm vn bn: Asc, Find, Text,

Chng ta s cng nghin cu cch s dng tng hm trong cc nhm hm trn cc phn sau.

Nhp cng thc v hm

Nhp cng thc trong Excel rt n gin, mu n nhp cng thc vo no bn ch vic nhp du

= v sau l s k t hp ca cc ton t, cc tr s , cc a ch tham chi u v cc hm. Bn c

th nhn vo thanh Formula thy c tr n cng thc. Mt iu h t sc lu khi lm vic

trn bng tnh l trnh nhp tr c ti p cc con s , gi tr vo cng thc m bn nn dng n tham

chi u.

V d:

Minh h a dng tham chi u trong hm

Trong v d trn, i s th nht ca hm NPV chng ta khng nhp tr c sut chi t tnh 10%

vo hm m nn tham chi u n a ch cha n l I2, v n u li sut c thay i th ta ch cn

nhp gi tr mi vo I2 th chng ta s thu c k t qu NPV mi ngay khng cn phi chnh

sa li cng thc.

Gi s cc C2:G2 c t tn l DongTien, v I2 t tn l LaiSuat (Xem li cch t tn

vng bi s 1) th trong qu trnh nhp cng thc bn c th lm nh sau:

B1. Ti B4 nhp vo =NPV(

B2. Nhn F3, ca s Paste Name hin ra

B3. Ch n LaiSuat v nhn OK

B4. Nhp du phy (,) v g F3

B5. Ch n DongTien v nhn OK

B6. Nhp du ng ngoc ri nhp du +

B7. Nhp chut vo B2

B8. Nhn phm Enter

Chn tn vng vo cng thc

Mt trong nhng cch d dng nht s dng hm trong Excel l s dng th vin hm. Khi

bn mu n s dng hm no ch vic vo thanh Ribbon ch n nhm Formulas Function

Library -> ch n nhm hm -> ch n hm cn s dng. Ngoi ra bn c th nhn vo nt

g i hp thoi Insert Function mt cch nhanh chng v khi cn tm hiu v hm ny bn ch cn

nhn vo Help on this function.

Hp thoi Insert Function

Tham chiu trong cng thc

Cc tham chi u s dng trong cng thc gip cho chng ta khi t n cng sa cha cc cng thc

khi cc gi tr tnh ton c s thay i. C 3 loi tham chi u sau:

Tham chi u a ch tng i: Cc dng v ct tham chi u s thay i khi chng ta sao

chp hoc di di cng thc n v tr khc mt lng tng ng vi s dng v s ct m

ta di di. V d A5:B7, C4

Tham chi u a ch tuyt i: Cc dng v ct tham chi u khng thay i khi ta di di

hay sao chp cng thc. V d $A$5:$B$7, $C$4

Tham chi u hn hp: Ph i hp tham chi u a ch tng i v tuyt i. V d A$5

ngha l ct A tng i v dng 5 tuyt i.

Lu : Du $ trc th t ct l c nh ct v trc th t dng l c nh dng. Nhn phm F4

nhiu ln (tuyt i) c nh/ b c nh dng hoc ct.

Nhn phm F4 nhiu ln (tuyt i) c nh/ b c nh dng hoc ct.

V d: Tnh thnh tin bng S lng nhn Gi. i sang gi tr Thnh tin sang VND. Tnh tng

cc ct Thnh tin v ct VND.

Minh h a a ch tng i v tuyt i

B1. Ti D2 nhp vo =B2*C2 v Enter. Sau qut ch n c vng D2:D14 v g .

Vo cc D3, D4... D14 ta thy cng thc cc dng t ng c thay i tng ng vi

khong cch so vi D2. Trng hp ny chng ta dng a ch tng i ca B2*C2 l v

chng ta mu n khi sao chp cng thc xu ng pha di th a ch cc tnh ton s t ng thay

i theo.

B2. Ti E2 nhp vo =D2*B$17 v Enter, sau chp cng thc xu ng cc E3:E14. Chng

ta cn c nh dng 17 trong a ch t gi B17 v ta mu n khi sao cng thc xu ng th cc cng

thc sao chp vn tham chi u n B17 tnh ton.

B3. Ti D15 nhp vo =Sum(D2:D14) v chp sang E15.

Lu :

Tham chi u n a ch worksheet khc nhng cng workbook th c dng

Tn_sheet!a_ch_. V d:

=A2*Sheet2!A2

=A2*Thong so!B4

Khi tn sheet c cha khong trng th trong cp nhy n

Tham chi u n a ch trong workbook khc th c dng

[Tn_Workbook]Tn_sheet!a_ch_.

V d:

=A2*[Bai2.xlsx]Sheet3!A4

=A2*[Bai tap 2.xlsx]Sheet3!A4

Khi tn Sheet hay Workbook c cha khon trng trong cp nhy n

=A2*C:\Tai lieu\[Bai tap 2.xlsx]Sheet3!A4

Khi tham chiu n workbook khc m workbook ny khng m

=A2*\\DataServer\Excel\[Bai tap 2.xlsx]Sheet3!A4

Khi tham chiu n ti nguyn chia s trn my ch trong mng

Cc li thng dng (Formulas errors)

Cc li thng dng

Li Gii thch

#DIV/0! Trong cng thc c cha php chia cho 0 (zero) hoc chia rng

#NAME? Do dnh sai tn hm hay tham chi u hoc nh thi u du nhy

#N/A Cng thc tham chi u n m c dng hm NA kim tra s tn ti ca

d liu hoc hm khng c k t qu

#NULL! Hm s dng d liu giao nhau ca 2 vng m 2 vng ny khng c phn

chung nn phn giao rng

#NUM! Vn i vi gi tr, v d nh dng nhm s m trong khi ng phi l s

dng

#REF! Tham chi u b li, thng l do tham chi u trong hm b xa

#VALUE! Cng thc tnh ton c cha kiu d liu khng ng.

3.2 Cc hm trong excel

a. Nhm hm v thng k

AVEDEV (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh lch tuyt i cc im d liu theo trung

bnh ca ch ng. Thng ng lm thc o v s bin i ca tp s liu

AVERAGE (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh cng

AVERAGEA (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh cng ca cc gi tr, bao gm c nhng gi

tr logic

AVERAGEIF (range, criteria1) : Tnh trung bnh cng ca cc gi tr trong mt mng theo mt

iu kin

AVERAGEIFS (range, criteria1, criteria2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh cng ca cc gi tr trong mt mng

theo nhiu iu kin

COUNT (value1, value2, ...) : m s trong danh sch

COUNTA (value1, value2, ...) : m s c cha gi tr (khng rng) trong danh sch

COUNTBLANK (range) : m cc rng trong mt vng

COUNT F (range, criteria) : m s tha mt iu kin cho trc bn trong mt dy

COUNTIFS (range1, criteria1, range2, criteria2, ...) : m s tha nhiu iu kin cho trc

DEVSQ (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh bnh phng lch cc im d liu t trung bnh mu

ca chng, ri cng cc bnh phng li.

FREQUENCY (data_array, bins_array) : Tnh xem c bao nhiu gi tr thng xuyn xut hin

bn trong mt dy gi tr, ri tr v mt mng ng cc s. Lun s dng hm ny dng cng

thc mng

GEOMEAN (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v trung bnh nhn ca mt dy cc s ng. Thng

ng tnh mc tng trng trung bnh, trong li k p c cc li bin i c cho trc...

HARMEAN (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v trung bnh iu ha (nghch o ca trung bnh

cng) ca cc s

KURT (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh nhn ca tp s liu, biu th mc nhn hay mc phng

tng i ca mt phn b so vi phn b chun

LARGE (array, k) : Tr v gi tr ln nht th k trong mt tp s liu

MAX (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr ln nht ca mt tp gi tr

MAXA (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr ln nht ca mt tp gi tr, bao gm c cc gi tr

logic v text

MEDIAN (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh v ca cc s.

MIN (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr nh nht ca mt tp gi tr

MINA (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr nh nht ca mt tp gi tr, bao gm c cc gi tr

logic v text

MODE (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr xut hin nhiu nht trong mt mng gi tr

PERCENTILE (array, k) : Tm phn v th k ca cc gi tr trong mt mng d liu

PERCENTRANK (array, x, significance) : Tr v th hng (v tr tng i) ca mt tr trong mt

mng d liu, l s phn trm ca mng d liu

PERMUT (number, number_chosen) : Tr v hon v ca cc i tng.

QUART LE (array, quart) : Tnh im t phn v ca tp d liu. Thng c dng trong kho

st d liu chia cc tp hp thnh nhiu nhm...

RANK (number, ref, order) : Tnh th hng ca mt s trong danh sch cc s

SKEW (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v lch ca phn phi, m t khng i xng ca

phn phi quanh tr trung bnh ca n

SMALL (array, k) : Tr v gi tr nh nht th k trong mt tp s

STDEV (number1, number2, ...) : c lng lch chun trn c s mu

STDEVA (value1, value2, ...) : c lng lch chun trn c s mu, bao gm c nhng gi

tr logic

STDEVP (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh lch chun theo ton th tp hp

STDEVPA (value1, value2, ...) : Tnh lch chun theo ton th tp hp, k c ch v cc gi tr

logic

VAR (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v phng sai a trn mu

VARA (value1, value2, ...) : Tr v phng sai a trn mu, bao gm c cc tr logic v text

VARP (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v phng sai a trn ton th tp hp

VARPA (value1, value2, ...) : Tr v phng sai a trn ton th tp hp, bao gm c cc tr

logic v text.

TRIMMEAN (array, percent) : Tnh trung bnh phn trong ca mt tp d liu, bng cch loi t

l phn trm ca cc im d liu u v cui tp d liu.

b. Nhm hm v phn phi xc sut

BETADIST (x, alpha, beta, A, B) : Tr v gi tr ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc sut tch ly

beta.

BETAINV (probability, alpha, beta, A, B) : Tr v nghch o ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc

sut tch ly beta.

BINOMDIST (number_s, trials, probability_s, cumulative) : Tr v xc sut ca nhng ln th

thnh cng ca phn phi nh phn.

CHIDIST (x, degrees_freedom) : Tr v xc xut mt pha ca phn phi chi-squared.

CHIINV (probability, degrees_freedom) : Tr v nghch o ca xc xut mt pha ca phn phi

chi-squared.

CHITEST (actual_range, expected_range) : Tr v gi tr ca xc xut t phn phi chi-squared

v s bc t o tng ng.

CONFIDENCE (alpha, standard_dev, size) : Tnh khong tin cy cho mt kz vng l thuyt

CRITBINOM (trials, probability_s, alpha) : Tr v gi tr nh nht sao cho phn phi nh thc tch

ly ln hn hay bng gi tr tiu chun. Thng ng bo m cc ng dng t cht

lng...

EXPONDIST (x, lambda, cumulative) : Tnh phn phi m. Thng ng m phng thi gian

gia cc bin c...

FDIST (x, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) : Tnh phn phi xc sut F. Thng ng

tm xem hai tp s liu c nhiu mc khc nhau hay khng...

FINV (probability, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) : Tnh nghch o ca phn phi xc

sut F. Thng ng so snh bin thin trong hai tp s liu

FTEST (array1, array2) : Tr v kt qu ca mt php th F. Thng ng xc nh xem hai

mu c cc phng sai khc nhau hay khng...

FISHER (x) : Tr v php bin i Fisher ti x. Thng ng kim tra gi thuyt da trn h

s tng quan...

FISHERINV (y) : Tnh nghch o php bin i Fisher. Thng ng phn tch mi tng

quan gia cc mng s liu...

GAMMADIST (x, alpha, beta, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi tch ly gamma. C th ng

nghin cu c phn b lch

GAMMAINV (probability, alpha, beta) : Tr v nghch o ca phn phi tch ly gamma.

GAMMLN (x) : Tnh logarit t nhin ca hm gamma

HYPGEOMDIST (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v phn phi siu bi (xc sut ca mt s ln

thnh cng no ...)

LOGINV (probability, mean, standard_dev) : Tnh nghch o ca hm phn phi tch ly

lognormal ca x (LOGNORMDIST)

LOGNORMDIST (x, mean, standard_dev) : Tr v phn phi tch ly lognormal ca x, trong

logarit t nhin ca x thng c phn phi vi cc tham s mean v standard_dev.

NEGBINOMDIST (number_f, number_s, probability_s) : Tr v phn phi nh thc m (tr v xc

sut m s c number_f ln tht bi trc khi c number_s ln thnh cng, khi xc sut khng

i ca mt ln thnh cng l probability_s)

NORMDIST (x, mean, standard_dev, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi chun (normal distribution).

Thng c s dng trong vic thng k, gm c vic kim tra gi thuyt

NORMINV (probability, mean, standard_dev) : Tnh nghch o phn phi tch ly chun

NORMSDIST (z) : Tr v hm phn phi tch ly chun tc (standard normal cumulative

distribution function), l phn phi c tr trung bnh cng l zero (0) v lch chun l 1

NORMSINV (probability) : Tnh nghch o ca hm phn phi tch ly chun tc

POISSON (x, mean, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi poisson. Thng ng c tnh s lng

bin c s xy ra trong mt khong thi gian nht nh

PROB (x_range, prob_range, lower_limit, upper_limit) : Tnh xc sut ca cc tr trong dy nm

gia hai gii hn

STANDARDIZE (x, mean, standard_dev) : Tr v tr chun ha t phn phi biu th bi mean v

standard_dev

TDIST (x, degrees_freedom, tails) : Tr v xc sut ca phn phi Student (phn phi t), trong

x l gi tr tnh t t v c ng tnh xc sut.

TINV (probability, degrees_freedom) : Tr v gi tr t ca phn phi Student.

TTEST (array1, array2, tails, type) : Tnh xc xut kt hp vi php th Student.

WEIBULL (x, alpha, beta, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi Weibull. Thng s dng trong phn

tch tin cy, nh tnh tui th trung bnh ca mt thit b.

ZTEST (array, x, sigma) : Tr v xc sut mt pha ca php th z.

c. Nhm hm v tng quan v hi quy tuyn tnh

CORREL (array1, array2) : Tnh h s tng quan gia hai mng xc nh mi quan h ca hai

c tnh

COVAR (array1, array2) : Tnh tch s cc lch ca mi cp im d liu, ri tnh trung bnh

cc tch s

FORECAST (x, known_y's, known_x's) : Tnh ton hay d on mt gi tr tng lai bng cch s

dng cc gi tr hin c, bng phng php hi quy tuyn tnh

GROWTH (known_y's, known_x's, new_x's, const) : Tnh ton s tng trng d kin theo hm

m, bng cch s dng cc d kin hin c.

INTERCEPT (known_y's, known_x's) : Tm im giao nhau ca mt ng thng vi trc y bng

cch s dng cc tr x v y cho trc

LINEST (known_y's, known_x's, const, stats) : Tnh thng k cho mt ng bng cch dng

phng php bnh phng ti thiu (least squares) tnh ng thng thch hp nht vi d

liu, ri tr v mng m t ng thng . Lun ng hm ny dng cng thc mng.

LOGEST (known_y's, known_x's, const, stats) : Dng trong phn tch hi quy. Hm s tnh ng

cong hm m ph hp vi d liu c cung cp, ri tr v mng ga tr m t ng cong .

Lun dng hm ny dng cng thc mng

PEARSON (array1, array2) : Tnh h s tng quan momen tch pearson (r), mt ch mc khng

th nguyn, trong khong t -1 n 1, phn nh s m rng quan h tuyn tnh gia hai tp s

liu

RSQ (known_y's, known_x's) : Tnh bnh phng h s tng quan momen tch Pearson (r),

thng qua cc im d liu trong known_y's v known_x's

SLOPE (known_y's, known_x's) : Tnh h s gc ca ng hi quy tuyn tnh thng qua cc

im d liu

STEYX (known_y's, known_x's) : Tr v sai s chun ca tr d on y i vi mi tr x trong hi

quy.

TREND (known_y's, known_x's, new_x's, const) : Tr v cc tr theo xu th tuyn tnh

d. Cc hm ti chnh - financian functions

ACCRINT (issue, first_interest, settlement, rate, par, frequency, basis, calc_method) : Tnh li

tch ly cho mt chng khon tr li theo nh kz

ACCR NT (issue, settlement, rate, par, basis) : Tnh li tch ly i vi chng khon tr li theo

kz hn

AMORDEGRC (cost, date_purchased, first_period, salvage, period, rate, basis) : Tnh khu hao

trong mi ti kha k ton ty theo thi hn s dng ca ti sn (s dng trong cc h thng k

ton theo kiu Php)

AMORLINC (cost, date_purchased, first_period, salvage, period, rate, basis) : Tnh khu hao

trong mi ti kha k ton (s dng trong cc h thng k ton theo kiu Php)

COUPDAYBS (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ngy k t u kz li ti ngy kt

ton

COUPDAYS (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ngy trong kz li bao gm c ngy

kt ton

COUPDAYSCN (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ngy t ngy kt ton ti ngy

tnh li k tip

COUPNCD (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tr v mt con s th hin ngy tnh li k

tip k t sau ngy kt ton

COUPNUM (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ln li sut phi tr trong khong

t ngy kt ton n ngy o hn

COUPPCD (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tr v mt con s th hin ngy thanh ton

li ln trc, trc ngy kt ton

CUMIPMT (rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type) : Tnh li tc tch ly phi tr i vi

khon vay trong khong thi gian gia start_period v end_period

CUMPRINC (rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type) : Tr v tin vn tch ly phi tr i

vi khon vay trong khong thi gian gia start_period v end_period

DB (cost, salvage, life, period, month) : Tnh khu hao cho mt ti sn s dng phng php s

gim dn theo mt mc c nh (fixed-declining balance method) trong mt khong thi

gian xc nh.

DDB (cost, salvage, life, period, factor) : Tnh khu hao cho mt ti sn s dng phng php s

gim dn kp (double-declining balance method), hay gim dn theo mt t l no , trong

mt khong thi gian xc nh.

DISC (settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, basis) : Tnh t l chit khu ca mt chng khon

DOLLARDE (fractional_dollar, fraction) : Chuyn i gi dollar dng phn s sang gi dollar

dng thp phn

DOLLARFR (decimal_dollar, fraction) : Chuyn i gi dollar dng thp phn s sang gi dollar

dng phn s

DURATION (settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, basis) : Tnh thi hn hiu lc

Macauley da trn ng mnh gi $100 (thi hn hiu lc l trung bnh trng gi tr hin ti ca

dng lun chuyn tin mt v c ng lm thc o v s phn hi lm thay i li nhun

ca gi tr tri phiu)

EFFECT (nominal_rate, npery) : Tnh li sut thc t hng nm, bit trc li sut anh ngha

hng nm v tng s kz thanh ton li kp mi nm

FV (rate, nper, pmt, pv, type) : Tnh gi tr kz hn ca s u t a trn vic chi tr c nh

theo kz v li sut c nh

FVSCHEDULE (principal, schedule) : Tnh gi tr kz hn ca mt vn ban u sau khi p dng mt

chui cc li sut kp (tnh gi tr kz hn cho mt u t c li sut thay i)

INTRATE (settlement, maturity, investment, redemption, basis) : Tnh li sut cho mt chng

khon u t ton b

IPMT (rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type) : Tr v khon thanh ton li cho mt u t a trn vic

chi tr c nh theo kz v da trn li sut khng i

IRR (values, guess) : Tnh li sut ni hm cho mt chui cc lu ng tin mt c th hin

bi cc tr s

ISPMT (rate, per, nper, pv) : Tnh s tin li tr ti mt kz no i vi mt khon vay c li

sut khng i, sau khi tr s tin gc phi tr cho kz .

MDURATION (settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, basis) : Tnh thi hn Macauley sa

i cho chng khon da trn ng mnh gi $100

MIRR (values, finance_rate, reinvest_rate) : Tnh t sut doanh li ni ti trong mt chui lun

chuyn tin mt theo chu kz

NOMIN